god_n and_o those_o thing_n that_o belong_v to_o god_n be_v best_a and_o most_o perfect_a therefore_o he_o can_v admit_v any_o mutation_n for_o what_o be_v best_o be_v never_o change_v the_o force_n of_o the_o argument_n lie_v thus_o god_n by_o the_o necessity_n of_o his_o be_v have_v a_o plenitude_n of_o essence_n and_o perfection_n and_o therefore_o admit_v not_o of_o any_o augmentation_n or_o diminution_n for_o what_o by_o necessity_n of_o nature_n have_v a_o plenitude_n of_o be_v and_o perfection_n that_o can_v extend_v itself_o any_o further_a but_o must_v be_v infinite_a and_o what_o be_v infinite_a can_v be_v great_a or_o lesser_a neither_o can_v any_o thing_n be_v take_v from_o or_o add_v to_o it_o hence_o god_n be_v by_o a_o necessity_n of_o nature_n most_o perfect_a can_v be_v more_o or_o less_o perfect_a therefore_o he_o can_v fall_v under_o any_o mutation_n either_o perfective_a or_o corruptive_a augmentative_a or_o diminutive_a §_o 2._o perfection_n god_n infinitude_n as_o to_o essence_n and_o perfection_n hence_o follow_v god_n infinitude_n as_o to_o essence_n and_o perfection_n for_o a_o be_v necessary_o simple_o and_o immutable_o such_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v infinite_o perfect_a a_o creature_n simple_o and_o absolute_o finite_a may_v be_v in_o some_o limit_a sense_n say_v to_o be_v infinite_a as_o the_o soul_n of_o man_n be_v in_o regard_n of_o its_o capacity_n say_v to_o be_v infinite_a because_o capable_a of_o a_o infinite_a object_n but_o nothing_o be_v absolute_o simple_o and_o essential_o infinite_a and_o perfect_a but_o god_n infinitie_o real_o exclude_v all_o negation_n of_o entity_n from_o god_n and_o also_o include_v that_o god_n be_v in_o pure_a act_n whatever_n ens_fw-la in_o its_o most_o extensive_a universal_a latitude_n and_o notion_n do_v include_v for_o a_o infinite_a essence_n necessary_o contain_v either_o formal_o or_o eminent_o whatever_o be_v or_o may_v be_v of_o perfection_n in_o all_o being_n either_o actual_o existent_a or_o possible_a but_o to_o treat_v more_o philosophical_o and_o distinct_o of_o this_o attribute_n we_o be_v to_o consider_v that_o infinite_a be_v a_o negative_a notion_n which_o include_v a_o negation_n of_o all_o term_n or_o bound_n now_o a_o thing_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v terminate_v bound_v or_o finite_a in_o reward_n 1_o of_o its_o essence_n and_o perfection_n 2_o of_o its_o duration_n 3_o of_o its_o presence_n 4_o of_o its_o comprehensibilitie_n in_o all_o these_o regard_v god_n be_v say_v to_o be_v infinite_a he_o be_v infinite_a 1_o in_o essence_n as_o most_o perfect_a and_o independent_a 2_o in_o duration_n as_o eternal_a 3_o in_o presence_n as_o omnipresent_v or_o immense_a 4_o as_o to_o our_o comprehension_n in_o be_v incomprehensible_a we_o shall_v here_o treat_v only_o of_o god_n infinitude_n as_o to_o essence_n and_o perfection_n and_o of_o the_o other_o as_o distinct_a attribute_n result_v from_o this_o infinitude_n of_o essence_n god_n infinitude_n as_o to_o essence_n and_o perfection_n may_v be_v various_a way_n explicate_v and_o demonstrate_v independence_n god_n infinitude_n from_o his_o independence_n thus_o damascene_fw-la orthodox_n fid._n l._n 2._o c._n 19_o describe_v god_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o increate_v independent_a immortal_a infinite_a eternal_a immaterial_a chief_a good_n the_o immutable_a impassable_a incircumscript_n immense_a indefinible_a incorporeous_a invisible_a without_o indigence_n absolute_a most_o free_a omnipotent_a and_o infinite_o potent_a by_o each_o of_o these_o divine_a attribute_n the_o infinitude_n of_o the_o divine_a essence_n may_v be_v demonstrate_v as_o 1._o by_o his_o independence_n the_o infinitude_n of_o the_o divine_a essence_n consist_v in_o a_o negation_n of_o all_o limitation_n and_o term_n the_o term_n that_o limit_v any_o essence_n be_v its_o cause_n therefore_o that_o which_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d without_o any_o cause_n must_v needs_o be_v without_o term_n and_o so_o infinite_a and_o be_v not_o the_o divine_a essence_n thus_o independent_a without_o all_o causal_a term_n and_o limitation_n must_v not_o god_n then_o be_v infinite_a in_o his_o essence_n this_o independence_n of_o the_o divine_a essence_n as_o to_o all_o cause_n and_o causal_a limitation_n be_v well_o express_v in_o sacred_a philosophy_n by_o god_n be_v the_o first_o and_o the_o last_o as_o esa_n 41.4_o i_o the_o lord_n 41.4_o esa_n 41.4_o the_o first_o and_o with_o the_o last_o i_o be_o he_o so_o chap._n 44.6_o i_o be_o the_o first_o and_o i_o be_o the_o last_o and_o beside_o i_o there_o be_v no_o god_n those_o also_o chap._n 48.12_o i_o be_o he_o i_o be_o the_o first_o i_o also_o be_o the_o last_o god_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o first_o as_o have_v no_o causal_n principe_fw-la or_o efficient_a that_o may_v give_v limit_n to_o his_o essence_n and_o the_o last_o as_o have_v no_o final_a cause_n or_o end_n that_o may_v give_v moral_a limit_n or_o bound_n to_o his_o wil._n this_o infinitude_n and_o independence_n of_o the_o divine_a ssence_n as_o the_o first_o cause_n and_o last_o end_n be_v well_o illustrate_v rev._n 1.8_o 11._o &_o 21.6_o &_o 22.13_o 22.13_o rev._n 1.8_o 11._o &_o 21.6_o &_o 22.13_o i_o be_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o beginning_n and_o the_o end_n the_o first_o and_o the_o last_o i.e._n as_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o first_o letter_n and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o last_o of_o the_o greek_a alphabet_n so_o god_n be_v the_o first_o causal_n principe_n or_o efficient_a and_o last_o end_n or_o final_a cause_n that_o give_v term_n and_o limit_n to_o all_o create_a essence_n but_o receive_v limit_n and_o term_n from_o none_o and_o therefore_o be_v infinite_a in_o essence_n and_o perfection_n hence_o god_n be_v say_v to_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d self-being_a or_o be_v of_o himself_o not_o by_o any_o positive_a influx_n for_o that_o be_v impossible_a that_o any_o thing_n shall_v give_v be_v to_o itself_o but_o negative_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o independence_n on_o any_o other_o cause_n for_o god_n as_o the_o first_o have_v no_o efficient_a and_o as_o the_o last_o have_v no_o final_a cause_n thence_o by_o consequence_n no_o causal_a term_n or_o limitation_n this_o independence_n and_o infinitude_n of_o god_n as_o the_o first_o efficient_a and_o last_o end_n be_v well_o explicate_v and_o demonstrate_v by_o plato_n in_o his_o parmenides_n p._n 137._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d therefore_o if_o he_o the_o one_o god_n have_v no_o part_n neither_o true_o shall_v he_o have_v any_o beginning_n or_o end_n or_o middle_a for_o such_o be_v the_o part_n of_o a_o thing_n where_o he_o prove_v that_o god_n have_v no_o beginning_n nor_o end_n i._n e._n he_o be_v the_o first_o and_o the_o last_o from_o his_o simplicity_n or_o not_o have_v part_n and_o in_o what_o follow_v he_o give_v we_o the_o reason_n of_o his_o consequence_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o the_o end_n and_o the_o principe_fw-la be_v the_o term_n of_o every_o thing_n i._n e._n every_o thing_n be_v terminate_v and_o bound_v by_o its_o causal_n principle_n or_o efficient_a and_o last_o end_n therefore_o to_o speak_v in_o the_o language_n of_o sacred_a philosophy_n he_o who_o be_v the_o first_o and_o the_o last_o without_o a_o first_o causal_n principe_fw-la or_o last_o end_n to_o terminate_v his_o essence_n must_v needs_o be_v infinite_a thus_o plato_n conclude_v in_o what_o immediate_o follow_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o one_o god_n therefore_o be_v infinite_a if_o he_o have_v neither_o principe_fw-la nor_o end_n this_o argument_n which_o agree_v with_o that_o of_o sacred_a philosophy_n be_v most_o cogent_a for_o that_o which_o have_v no_o causal_n term_n either_o of_o beginning_n or_o end_n but_o be_v the_o first_o causal_n principe_fw-la and_o last_v end_n of_o allthing_n must_v needs_o be_v infinite_a 2._o simplicity_n god_n infinitude_n from_o his_o unity_n and_o simplicity_n the_o infinitude_n of_o the_o divine_a essence_n and_o perfection_n proceed_v from_o and_o may_v be_v demonstrate_v by_o god_n unity_n simplicity_n and_o pure_a actuality_n thus_o plato_n in_o his_o philebus_n pag._n 14._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d one_o namely_o god_n be_v as_o many_o and_o infinite_a and_o many_o be_v as_o one_o only_a plato_n here_o describe_v the_o first_o infinite_a be_v under_o the_o commun_n pythagorean_n notion_n of_o one_o and_o many_o as_o be_v one_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o simplicity_n of_o his_o essence_n and_o yet_o many_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o infinite_a perfection_n and_o idea_n or_o decree_n so_o pag._n 16._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n that_o the_o one_o god_n be_v many_o and_o infinite_a the_o force_n of_o this_o argument_n lie_v thus_o god_n be_v one_o simple_a pure_a act_n must_v needs_o be_v infinite_a
simple_a the_o union_n of_o the_o unite_a the_o superessential_a and_o superprincipal_a principe_n of_o every_o principe_fw-la for_o the_o more_o distinct_a demonstration_n that_o god_n be_v the_o prime_a cause_n of_o allthing_n these_o platonic_a philosophemes_n may_v be_v thus_o form_v into_o argument_n 1_o that_o which_o be_v such_o by_o essence_n be_v necessary_o before_o that_o which_o be_v such_o by_o participation_n but_o now_o god_n be_v a_o cause_n by_o essence_n whereas_o all_o other_o cause_n be_v such_o only_a by_o participation_n god_n give_v essence_n to_o allthing_n but_o receive_v it_o from_o nothing_o thus_o plato_n leg._n 6._o pag._n 509._o god_n the_o supreme_a good_a give_v efficace_n and_o force_n to_o thing_n not_o only_o for_o their_o be_v know_v but_o also_o for_o their_o existence_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d when_o yet_o that_o chief_a good_a be_v not_o proper_o essence_n but_o superessential_a because_o great_o transcend_v the_o whole_a nature_n of_o thing_n create_v both_o in_o dignity_n and_o virtue_n 2_o all_o imperfecte_n receive_v their_o origine_fw-la from_o that_o which_o be_v more_o perfect_a and_o be_v not_o god_n the_o most_o absolute_o perfect_a of_o all_o being_n must_v not_o allthing_n than_o receive_v their_o origine_fw-la from_o god_n 3_o that_o which_o be_v the_o last_o end_n of_o allthing_n must_v needs_o be_v the_o first_o cause_n of_o all_o for_o the_o first_o cause_n be_v of_o equal_a latitude_n and_o extent_n with_o the_o last_o end_n nothing_o can_v terminate_v and_o bound_v the_o appetite_n of_o man_n but_o that_o which_o give_v be_v to_o he_o that_o which_o be_v last_o in_o order_n of_o final_a cause_n must_v needs_o be_v first_o in_o order_n of_o efficient_n and_o be_v not_o god_n the_o last_o end_n of_o allthing_n be_v not_o allthing_n so_o far_o good_a as_o they_o participate_v of_o the_o divine_a goodness_n be_v not_o god_n to_o speak_v in_o plato_n language_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o universal_a idea_n and_o measure_n of_o all_o good_a and_o must_v he_o not_o then_o necessary_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o chief_a good_n it_o be_v true_a there_o be_v other_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d inferior_a derivative_a good_n but_o be_v there_o any_o universal_a essential_a independent_a good_a but_o god_n and_o must_v not_o the_o order_n of_o efficient_n answer_v the_o order_n of_o end_n if_o god_n as_o the_o last_o end_n give_v bless_v be_v must_v he_o not_o as_o the_o first_o efficient_a give_v natural_a be_v can_v any_o thing_n return_v to_o god_n as_o the_o last_o end_n but_o what_o flow_v from_o he_o as_o the_o first_o cause_n thus_o simplicius_n a_o sectator_n of_o plato_n in_o epictet_n cap._n 1._o pag._n 9_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o fountain_n and_o principe_n of_o allthing_n be_v the_o chief_a good_a for_o that_o which_o be_v desire_v by_o allthing_n and_o unto_o which_o allthing_n be_v refer_v that_o be_v the_o principe_n and_o end_n of_o allthing_n whence_o he_o conclude_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o the_o one_o first_o be_v principe_n chief_a good_a and_o god_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o for_o god_n be_v the_o first_o and_o cause_n of_o allthing_n 4_o must_v not_o every_o multiforme_a variable_a defectible_a be_v be_v reduce_v to_o some_o uniform_a simple_a invariable_a indefectible_a be_v as_o its_o first_o cause_n and_o be_v there_o any_o uniform_a simple_a immutable_a be_v but_o god_n thus_o simplicius_n in_o epictet_n cap._n 1._o pag._n 9_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o first_o be_v be_v most_o simple_a for_o whatever_o be_v composite_a as_o composite_a it_o be_v after_o one_o and_o multitude_n and_o so_o produce_v etc._n etc._n whereby_o he_o prove_v that_o the_o first_o cause_n be_v most_o simple_a 5_o do_v not_o all_o finite_a dependent_a cause_n need_v some_o infinite_a independent_a cause_n to_o conserve_v and_o actuate_v they_o and_o be_v there_o any_o infinite_a independent_a cause_n but_o god_n can_v any_o thing_n be_v the_o first_o cause_n but_o he_o who_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d without_o all_o cause_n 6_o be_v not_o the_o order_n of_o cause_n proportionable_a to_o the_o order_n of_o effect_n where_o then_o there_o be_v a_o universality_n of_o effect_n must_v there_o not_o also_o be_v a_o universal_a first_o cause_n which_o give_v be_v to_o all_o those_o effect_n be_v it_o possible_a that_o the_o university_n of_o effect_n which_o be_v in_o nature_n shall_v existe_v but_o by_o the_o universal_a efficace_n of_o the_o first_o independent_a be_v and_o cause_n thus_o simplicius_n in_o epictet_n cap._n 1._o pag._n 10._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o first_o cause_n have_v the_o high_a and_o universal_a influence_n for_o there_o be_v a_o amplitude_n and_o abundance_n of_o efficace_n in_o he_o so_o that_o he_o can_v produce_v allthing_n of_o himself_o §_o 2._o have_v demonstrate_v god_n to_o be_v the_o first_o cause_n of_o allthing_n concourse_n the_o object_n of_o divine_a concourse_n we_o now_o proceed_v to_o explicate_v the_o mode_n and_o nature_n of_o his_o causalitie_n concourse_n and_o efficience_n the_o prime_a causalitie_n and_o concourse_n of_o god_n may_v be_v consider_v with_o respect_n to_o 1_o its_o object_n 2_o it_o be_v subject_a or_o principe_n 3_o its_o mode_n of_o operation_n 4_o its_o term_n or_o effect_n produce_v first_o we_o may_v consider_v the_o prime_a causalitie_n concourse_n and_o efficience_n of_o god_n as_o to_o its_o object_n and_o that_o 1_o negative_o 2_o positive_o we_o shall_v state_n and_o determine_v both_o in_o the_o follow_a proposition_n 1._o prop._n god_n concourse_n as_o to_o its_o object_n principe_fw-la god_n concourse_n not_o mere_o conservative_n of_o the_o principe_fw-la consist_v not_o mere_o in_o the_o communication_n of_o force_n and_o virtue_n to_o the_o second_o cause_n and_o conservation_n of_o the_o same_o the_o antithesis_fw-la hereto_o be_v ancient_o maintain_v by_o durandus_fw-la contrary_a to_o the_o hypothesis_n both_o of_o the_o thomist_n and_o scotiste_n in_o sent._n l._n 2._o distinct_a 1._o q._n 5_o who_o suppose_v that_o the_o concourse_n of_o god_n confer_v nothing_o more_o on_o second_o cause_n than_o a_o virtue_n or_o power_n to_o act_v and_o the_o conservation_n thereof_o without_o any_o immediate_a actual_a influence_n on_o the_o second_o cause_n or_o its_o act_n in_o order_n to_o the_o production_n of_o the_o effect_n the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o principal_a motive_n ground_n and_o reason_n of_o this_o antithesis_fw-la be_v this_o if_o we_o make_v god_n to_o concur_v immediate_o to_o the_o act_n and_o operation_n of_o second_o cause_n he_o must_v then_o concur_v to_o the_o sinful_a act_n of_o the_o will_n and_o so_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o sin_n this_o antithesis_fw-la of_o durandus_fw-la be_v general_o explode_v by_o the_o ancient_a schoolman_n both_o thomist_n and_o scotiste_n and_o be_v still_o by_o the_o more_o sober_a jesuit_n only_o in_o this_o last_o age_n one_o nicolaus_n taurelius_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr rerum_fw-la aeternitate_fw-la &_o triumpho_fw-la philosophiae_fw-la have_v undertake_v the_o patronage_n of_o durandus_n antithesis_fw-la with_o this_o advance_n even_o to_o the_o subversion_n not_o only_o of_o the_o concourse_n but_o also_o of_o the_o conservation_n of_o god_n and_o since_o there_o have_v start_v up_o another_o lud._n a_o dola_n a_o capucine_n friar_n who_o have_v take_v great_a pain_n to_o defend_v and_o promove_v this_o antithesis_fw-la of_o durandus_fw-la pretend_v this_o as_o the_o only_a expedient_a for_o a_o accommodation_n between_o the_o thomist_n and_o jesuit_n and_o for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o this_o hypothesis_n they_o give_v this_o commun_n instance_n on_o the_o supposition_n that_o a_o stone_n shall_v hang_v in_o the_o air_n and_o god_n withdraw_v all_o his_o concourse_n for_o the_o actuate_a the_o stone_n yet_o if_o the_o force_n which_o suspende_v its_o motion_n downward_o be_v remove_v it_o will_v notwithstanding_o the_o substraction_n of_o divine_a concourse_n move_v natural_o downward_o or_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n albeit_o i_o be_o no_o friend_n to_o those_o vexatious_a dispute_n which_o the_o school_n of_o theologie_n as_o well_o as_o philosophy_n now_o ring_v of_o yet_o this_o antithesis_fw-la be_v as_o i_o conceive_v of_o dangerous_a consequence_n i_o can_v but_z with_o modesty_n express_v my_o just_a aversation_n from_o yea_o indignation_n against_o it_o with_o the_o reserve_n of_o that_o respect_n and_o honour_n which_o be_v due_a to_o that_o learned_a and_o pious_a divine_a among_o ourselves_o who_o have_v undertake_v the_o defence_n of_o durandus_n opinion_n i_o shall_v not_o now_o enter_v on_o the_o solemn_a ventilation_n and_o debate_n of_o this_o antithesis_fw-la have_v reserve_v this_o task_n if_o the_o lord_n favour_v my_o desire_n for_o another_o subject_n and_o stile_n
so_o while_o they_o violate_v one_o will_n and_o order_n of_o divine_a gubernation_n they_o fulfil_v another_o if_o they_o will_v not_o willing_o do_v god_n will_v of_o precept_n which_o bring_v happiness_n with_o it_o what_o more_o just_a than_o that_o they_o suffer_v god_n will_v of_o punishment_n against_o their_o will_n thus_o wicked_a man_n fulfil_v god_n providential_a will_n while_o they_o break_v his_o preceptive_a wil._n yea_o satan_n himself_o be_v under_o chain_n of_o irresistible_a providence_n he_o be_v not_o a_o absolute_a much_o less_o a_o lawful_a monarch_n but_o usurper_n who_o have_v a_o restraint_n upon_o his_o power_n though_o not_o upon_o his_o malice_n he_o can_v act_n as_o he_o will_v and_o as_o the_o person_n of_o the_o wicked_a sin_n god_n gubernation_n about_o sin_n both_o man_n and_o devil_n fall_v under_o the_o providential_a gubernation_n of_o god_n so_o also_o their_o sin_n and_o here_o we_o be_v inevitable_o engage_v in_o that_o grand_a philosophic_a and_o scholastic_a question_n how_o far_o sin_n fall_v under_o the_o providential_a gubernation_n of_o god_n for_o the_o solution_n whereof_o we_o shall_v first_o premit_fw-la some_o distinction_n and_o then_o resolve_v the_o whole_a into_o certain_a proposition_n as_o for_o distinction_n 1_o we_o may_v consider_v sin_n 1_o in_o regard_n of_o its_o cause_n essicient_a and_o final_a or_o 2_o in_o regard_n of_o its_o essential_a and_o constitutive_a part_n mater_n and_o form_n 2_o we_o may_v consider_v the_o permission_n of_o sin_n which_o be_v either_o mere_o negative_a or_o positive_a and_o both_o as_o belong_v to_o a_o legislator_n or_o to_o a_o rector_n 3_o we_o may_v consider_v the_o providence_n of_o god_n as_o to_o its_o natural_a efficience_n or_o judicial_a gubernation_n these_o distinction_n be_v premiss_v we_o shall_v resolve_v our_o question_n in_o the_o follow_a proposition_n 1._o prop._n all_o sin_n as_o other_o thing_n have_v its_o origine_fw-la cause_n and_o constitutive_a part_n sin_n the_o cause_n and_o part_n of_o sin_n the_o ethnic_a as_o well_o as_o the_o christian_a school_n have_v admit_v many_o debate_n touch_v the_o origine_fw-la of_o evil_a or_o sin_n and_o we_o have_v this_o copiose_o ventilate_v by_o simplicius_n a_o acute_a philosopher_n in_o his_o commentaric_a on_o epicterus_fw-la c._n 34._o p._n 175._o etc._n etc._n and_o he_o seem_v to_o state_n it_o thus_o that_o sin_n be_v a_o privation_n have_v no_o proper_a principe_fw-la or_o cause_n though_o as_o to_o its_o substrate_a matter_n it_o may_v fall_v under_o some_o causalitie_n thus_o plato_n repub._n 2._o p._n 380._o and_o proclus_n on_o he_o deny_v that_o there_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d any_o cause_n or_o idea_n of_o evil_n because_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d evil_n be_v a_o irregular_a passion_n or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o privation_n of_o be_v which_o must_v be_v understand_v of_o the_o formal_a reason_n of_o sin_n for_o as_o to_o be_v substrate_a matter_n plato_n and_o his_o follower_n grant_v that_o all_o good_a have_v its_o cause_n suarez_n metaphys_n disp_n 11._o sect._n 3._o p._n 251._o prove_n well_o 1_o that_o all_o sin_n must_v have_v some_o cause_n 1_o because_o nothing_o be_v evil_a of_o itself_o therefore_o from_o some_o cause_n 2_o because_o nothing_o be_v evil_a but_o as_o it_o recede_v from_o some_o perfection_n due_a to_o it_o but_o nothing_o fail_v of_o its_o due_a perfection_n but_o from_o some_o cause_n either_o agent_n or_o impedient_a now_o 2_o this_o be_v grant_v that_o all_o sin_n have_v some_o cause_n it_o thence_o necessary_o follow_v that_o some_o good_a must_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o sin_n for_o in_o as_o much_o as_o we_o may_v not_o proceed_v into_o infinite_a nor_o yet_o stop_v at_o some_o sin_n that_o have_v no_o cause_n we_o must_v necessary_o stop_v at_o some_o good_a which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o evil._n hence_o 3_o to_o explicate_v in_o what_o kind_a sin_n may_v be_v say_v to_o have_v a_o cause_n we_o must_v know_v 1_o that_o sin_n formal_o as_o sin_n require_v not_o a_o final_a cause_n yet_o it_o may_v admit_v the_o same_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o extrinsec_fw-la intention_n of_o the_o agent_n that_o sin_n formal_o as_o sin_n require_v not_o a_o final_a cause_n be_v evident_a because_o consist_v in_o a_o privation_n and_o defect_n it_o be_v not_o proper_o and_o of_o itself_o intend_v in_o thing_n thus_o simplicius_n in_o epictet_n c._n 34._o pag._n 174._o tell_v we_o that_o all_o act_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d do_v participate_v of_o good_a and_o therefore_o evil_a can_v have_v no_o end_n and_o yet_o that_o sin_n may_v have_v a_o final_a cause_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o extrinsec_fw-la intention_n of_o the_o agent_n be_v as_o evident_a because_o the_o agent_n may_v intend_v what_o be_v evil_a for_o some_o end_n for_o what_o be_v evil_a in_o one_o kind_n may_v be_v conducible_a or_o utile_fw-la in_o some_o other_o 2_o as_o to_o the_o efficient_a cause_n all_o sin_n have_v some_o efficient_a cause_n yet_o not_o per_fw-la se_fw-la of_o itself_o and_o proper_o but_o by_o accident_n and_o beside_o the_o primary_n intrinsec_fw-la intention_n of_o the_o agent_n man_n be_v say_v to_o be_v efficient_a or_o rather_o the_o deficient_a cause_n of_o sin_n by_o produce_v that_o action_n to_o which_o sin_n be_v appendent_a or_o annex_v god_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o efficient_a not_o deficient_a cause_n of_o the_o material_a act_n of_o sin_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o immediate_a universal_a efficience_n to_o all_o real_a entity_n 4_o as_o for_o the_o constitutive_a part_n of_o sin_n namely_o its_o mater_n and_o form_n 1_o all_o sin_n as_o sin_n have_v a_o material_a cause_n or_o substrate_a mater_n which_o be_v always_o natural_o good_n whence_o that_o great_a effate_n in_o the_o school_n all_o evil_a as_o evil_n have_v for_o its_o fund_z or_o subject_a some_o good_a thence_o augustin_n say_v that_o evil_n can_v be_v but_o in_o some_o good_a because_o if_o there_o be_v any_o pure_a evil_n it_o will_v destroy_v itself_o and_o the_o reason_n be_v manifest_a because_o sin_n as_o to_o its_o formal_a reason_n be_v not_o a_o thing_n pure_o positive_a neither_o be_v it_o a_o pure_a negation_n but_o a_o privation_n of_o debite_n perfection_n therefore_o it_o require_v a_o subject_n to_o which_o such_o a_o perfection_n be_v due_a and_o must_v not_o this_o subject_n then_o be_v something_o natural_o good_a be_v not_o every_o real_a positive_a be_v natural_o good_a because_o the_o effect_n of_o divine_a efficience_n can_v any_o perfection_n be_v due_a to_o any_o subject_a unless_o that_o subject_a be_v natural_o good_a 2_o as_o for_o the_o form_n of_o sin_n such_o as_o it_o have_v it_o consist_v in_o the_o privation_n of_o that_o moral_a rectitude_n which_o be_v due_a to_o the_o substrate_n mater_n or_o subject_a thus_o damascene_fw-la orthod_n fid._n lib._n 1._o cap._n 15._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d evil_n be_v the_o privation_n of_o good_a or_o substance_n so_o lib._n 2._o cap._n 30._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d sin_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o secession_n from_o good_a as_o darkness_n be_v a_o secession_n from_o light_n of_o which_o see_v more_o b._n 1._o c._n 4._o §_o 1._o and_o philosoph_n general_n p._n 1._o l._n 3._o c._n 3._o sect_n 4._o §_o 2._o indeed_o to_o speak_v proper_o sin_n have_v no_o formal_a reason_n or_o cause_n because_o it_o be_v a_o privation_n thus_o plato_n rep._n 2._o and_o proclus_n deny_v that_o sin_n have_v any_o formal_a idea_n as_o before_o yet_o according_a to_o the_o commun_n acceptation_n of_o a_o formal_a cause_n or_o reason_n we_o make_v its_o deordination_n or_o difformitie_n from_o the_o law_n the_o formal_a reason_n thereof_o hence_o 2._o sin_n god_n not_o the_o author_n of_o sin_n prop._n god_n providential_a efficience_n and_o gubernation_n about_o sin_n do_v no_o way_n denominate_v he_o the_o moral_a cause_n or_o author_n of_o sin_n thus_o plato_n repub._n 10._o say_v that_o god_n be_v the_o principal_a cause_n of_o all_o good_a but_o as_o to_o sin_n he_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d no_o cause_n thereof_o because_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d he_o be_v proper_o the_o cause_n of_o sin_n that_o choose_v it_o so_o repub._n 2._o pag._n 380._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n we_o must_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o contention_n refute_v that_o opinion_n that_o god_n who_o be_v most_o good_a be_v the_o author_n or_o moral_a cause_n of_o sin_n neither_o must_v we_o concede_fw-la that_o any_o speak_v or_o hear_v any_o such_o opinion_n in_o the_o city_n if_o we_o desire_v to_o have_v it_o well_o constitute_v and_o govern_v that_o this_o platonic_a sophism_n can_v be_v well_o understand_v of_o god_n natural_a efficience_n to_o the_o substrate_a matter_n of_o sin_n but_o only_o of_o
imagination_n can_v make_v the_o law_n of_o god_n neither_o great_a nor_o lesser_a neither_o can_v it_o add_v to_o or_o diminish_v from_o the_o law_n of_o god_n god_n commandment_n be_v as_o great_a as_o himself_o such_o be_v the_o amplitude_n of_o the_o moral_a law_n as_o the_o immutable_a universal_a rule_n of_o moral_a bonitie_n §_o 3._o have_v consider_v the_o measure_n and_o rule_n of_o moral_a bonitie_n good_n the_o part_n and_o cause_n of_o moral_a good_n we_o now_o pass_v on_o to_o examine_v the_o nature_n and_o cause_n thereof_o it_o be_v before_o suggest_v that_o all_o moral_a bonitie_n require_v a_o plenitude_n of_o be_v and_o integrity_n of_o cause_n albeit_o any_o defect_n render_v a_o action_n moral_o evil_a this_o canon_n hold_v true_a whatever_o distribution_n we_o give_v the_o cause_n of_o moral_a bonitie_n jansenius_n in_o imitation_n of_o augustine_n make_v two_o essential_a constitutive_a part_n of_o all_o moral_a good_a 1_o the_o office_n or_o mater_n of_o the_o act_n which_o he_o make_v to_o be_v as_o the_o corpse_n and_o the_o end_n which_o he_o make_v to_o be_v as_o the_o form_n that_o specify_v 2_o plato_n in_o his_o theaetetus_n pag._n 187._o and_o arist._n eth._n l._n 2._o c._n 4._o seem_v to_o distribute_v moral_a good_a into_o the_o good_a deed_n do_v and_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o welldoing_a of_o it_o i.e._n into_o bonum_fw-la and_o bene._n the_o good_a deed-done_a be_v as_o the_o matter_n and_o the_o be_v or_o welldoing_a of_o it_o as_o the_o form_n 3_o other_o according_a to_o the_o aristotelian_a distribution_n of_o the_o cause_n make_v four_o cause_n of_o all_o moral_a good_a the_o mater_n efficient_a end_v and_o form_n albeit_o i_o judge_v this_o distribution_n of_o cause_n as_o to_o natural_n every_o way_n absurd_a and_o that_o which_o can_v never_o be_v defend_v because_o it_o make_v the_o same_o thing_n both_o constitutive_a part_n of_o the_o whole_a and_o yet_o also_o cause_n thereof_o so_o that_o it_o hence_o follow_v the_o matter_n and_o form_n be_v cause_n of_o themselves_o which_o constitute_v the_o whole_a yet_o in_o moral_n where_o the_o cause_n need_v not_o such_o a_o accurate_a distinction_n from_o the_o part_n we_o may_v admit_v this_o distribution_n or_o else_o we_o may_v take_v the_o matter_n and_o form_n as_o part_n and_o the_o efficient_a and_o end_n as_o cause_n of_o moral_a good_n this_o be_v the_o commun_n and_o receive_v distribution_n i_o be_o not_o scrupulose_a in_o follow_v the_o same_o yet_o so_o as_o not_o to_o exclude_v the_o two_o former_a division_n 1._o good_n the_o mater_n of_o moral_a good_n if_o we_o reflect_v on_o the_o mater_n of_o moral_a good_a it_o comprehend_v all_o human_a act_n with_o the_o object_n and_o circumstance_n relate_v thereto_o whether_o thing_n necessary_a or_o indifferent_a it_o be_v true_a as_o to_o the_o circumstance_n of_o moral_a good_a there_o be_v some_o that_o relate_v to_o the_o form_n other_o to_o the_o efficient_a and_o end_n yet_o some_o also_o that_o regard_n the_o matter_n the_o matter_n of_o every_o good_a action_n be_v either_o good_a or_o indifferent_a it_o be_v good_a when_o command_v by_o and_o conform_v to_o the_o moral_a law_n the_o measure_n of_o objective_a goodness_n as_o before_o it_o be_v indifferent_a when_o neither_o good_a nor_o evil_a but_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o middle_n between_o both_o here_o that_o which_o chief_o require_v a_o examen_fw-la and_o discussion_n be_v the_o nature_n of_o thing_n indifferent_a which_o so_o far_o as_o it_o may_v concern_v moral_a good_a we_o shall_v inquire_v into_o plato_n in_o his_o gorgias_n indifferent_a thing_n indifferent_a call_v a_o thing_n indifferent_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d neither_o good_a nor_o evil_a but_o a_o middle_n between_o these_o so_o diogenes_n the_o cynic_n teach_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o thing_n between_o virtue_n and_o vice_n be_v indifferent_a and_o the_o stoic_n hold_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o thing_n some_o be_v good_a some_o bad_a some_o neither_o good_a nor_o bad_a i._n e._n indifferent_a these_o neuter_n or_o thing_n indifferent_a they_o say_v be_v such_o as_o neither_o profit_v nor_o do_v hurt_v again_o they_o affirm_v that_o thing_n may_v be_v term_v indifferent_a two_o way_n 1_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n such_o thing_n as_o pertein_a not_o either_o to_o felicity_n or_o misery_n as_o riches_n glory_n etc._n etc._n 2_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n such_o thing_n as_o man_n act_n neither_o with_o a_o impetus_fw-la nor_o aversation_n as_o the_o extend_v the_o finger_n or_o number_v the_o hair_n of_o the_o head_n etc._n etc._n as_o laertius_n in_o zeno._n but_o the_o more_o full_o to_o explicate_v the_o nature_n of_o thing_n indifferent_a we_o be_v to_o consider_v that_o thing_n be_v say_v in_o the_o general_a to_o be_v indifferent_a which_o in_o themselves_o be_v neither_o good_a nor_o evil_a but_o equal_o incline_v to_o either_o now_o this_o indifference_n of_o action_n or_o thing_n may_v be_v consider_v physical_o or_o moral_o according_a to_o the_o generic_a specific_a or_o individual_a nature_n of_o action_n and_o thing_n 1._o if_o we_o consider_v action_n and_o thing_n in_o genere_fw-la &_o abstracto_fw-la genere_fw-la physic_n indifference_n in_o genere_fw-la in_o their_o generic_a abstract_n nature_n without_o the_o supervenient_a determination_n of_o the_o moral_a law_n so_o they_o be_v in_o themselves_o naked_o consider_v indifferent_a for_o allthing_n physical_o consider_v without_o their_o moral_a estimation_n and_o respect_n to_o the_o law_n be_v neither_o moral_o good_a nor_o evil_n thus_o all_o our_o thought_n word_n and_o action_n naked_o and_o physical_o consider_v without_o respect_n to_o the_o moral_a law_n which_o be_v the_o rule_n and_o measure_n of_o moral_a good_a and_o evil_a be_v say_v to_o be_v indifferent_a 2._o action_n and_o thing_n be_v say_v to_o be_v indifferent_a in_o specie_fw-la specie_fw-la moral_a indifference_n in_o specie_fw-la when_o the_o matter_n of_o they_o be_v neither_o command_v nor_o forbid_v by_o the_o moral_a law_n for_o as_o allthing_n be_v of_o god_n through_o god_n and_o for_o god_n so_o it_o belong_v to_o his_o regal_a will_n to_o give_v moral_a or_o spiritual_a determination_n to_o they_o whereby_o they_o be_v make_v good_a or_o evil_n in_o specie_fw-la as_o to_o the_o matter_n of_o they_o neither_o can_v any_o create_v limit_v power_n make_v that_o which_o be_v good_a evil_a or_o that_o which_o be_v evil_a good_a or_o that_o which_o be_v indifferent_a good_a or_o evil_n except_o on_o supposition_n of_o predetermination_n from_o he_o who_o be_v creator_n of_o all_o have_v a_o absolute_a dominion_n over_o al._n every_o creature_n have_v term_n to_o its_o essence_n have_v also_o term_n to_o its_o dominion_n and_o operation_n a_o limit_a cause_n must_v necessary_o have_v a_o limit_a power_n and_o activity_n except_o man_n have_v be_v of_o himself_o and_o a_o world_n of_o his_o own_o frame_n he_o can_v not_o be_v a_o rule_n to_o himself_o for_o the_o determination_n of_o his_o action_n but_o must_v be_v determine_v by_o the_o law_n of_o his_o maker_n for_o the_o specific_a nature_n or_o quality_n of_o his_o act_n as_o good_a 167._o quando_fw-la dicimus_fw-la dari_fw-la actus_fw-la indifferentes_fw-la quoad_fw-la speciem_fw-la qui_fw-la non_fw-la sunt_fw-la boni_fw-la nec_fw-la mali_fw-la id_fw-la intelligendum_fw-la est_fw-la negatiué_fw-fr petr._n à _fw-it sancto_fw-it joseph_n thes_n 167._o or_o evil_a or_o indifferent_a thence_o a_o thing_n be_v say_v to_o be_v moral_o indifferent_a in_o specie_fw-la when_o it_o be_v neither_o command_v nor_o forbid_v by_o god_n and_o so_o neither_o good_a nor_o evil_a for_o all_o moral_a determination_n arise_v from_o the_o divine_a will_n express_v in_o the_o moral_a law_n whence_o it_o appear_v evident_a that_o the_o reason_n of_o good_a and_o evil_n be_v not_o eternal_a as_o some_o platonist_n will_v fain_o persuade_v we_o but_o dependent_a on_o the_o divine_a will_n and_o determination_n for_o allthing_n be_v therefore_o good_a or_o evil_n in_o specie_fw-la because_o so_o determine_v by_o the_o sovereign_a will_n promulgate_v in_o the_o natural_a or_o moral_a law_n whence_o also_o we_o may_v easy_o perceive_v the_o danger_n of_o that_o commun_n notion_n among_o some_o divine_n that_o something_n be_v good_a because_o command_v other_o thing_n be_v command_v because_o good_a indeed_o this_o maxim_n may_v be_v of_o use_n to_o express_v the_o difference_n between_o moral_n and_o positive_a precept_n with_o this_o limitation_n that_o positive_a precept_n which_o regard_n worship_n etc._n etc._n be_v good_a because_o command_v but_o moral_a precept_n be_v command_v because_o good_a i._n e._n agreeable_a to_o human_a nature_n not_o that_o they_o have_v any_o moral_a goodness_n antecedent_n to_o the_o divine_a will_n and_o determination_n hence_o 3._o individuo_fw-la no_o action_n
obnoxious_a to_o that_o imputation_n of_o be_v the_o author_n of_o sin_n for_o he_o concur_v to_o the_o material_a act_n of_o sin_n not_o as_o a_o moral_a cause_n but_o only_o as_o a_o physic_n cause_n god_n neither_o command_n nor_o invite_v nor_o encourage_v any_o to_o sin_n but_o prohibit_v the_o same_o and_o therefore_o be_v not_o the_o author_n thereof_o a_o author_n both_o according_a to_o philosophy_n and_o civil_a law_n be_v he_o that_o persuade_v invite_v command_n or_o by_o any_o other_o moral_a influence_n promove_v a_o thing_n but_o god_n by_o no_o such_o way_n do_v cause_n sin_n 5_o albeit_o god_n concur_v with_o the_o deficient_a cause_n to_o the_o material_a entity_n of_o sin_n yet_o he_o concur_v not_o as_o a_o deficient_a cause_n for_o the_o sovereign_n god_n be_v not_o tie_v up_o by_o the_o same_o law_n that_o his_o creature_n be_v the_o same_o sinful_a act_n which_o be_v a_o deordination_n in_o regard_n of_o man_n as_o it_o proceed_v from_o god_n be_v a_o conformity_n to_o his_o eternal_a law_n or_o wil._n the_o great_a god_n break_v no_o law_n albeit_o the_o creature_n be_v guilty_a thereof_o 6_o god_n as_o the_o first_o cause_n bring_v good_a out_o of_o that_o very_a act_n which_o be_v evil_a in_o regard_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n the_o crucify_a of_o our_o lord_n which_o be_v a_o sin_n of_o the_o first_o magnitude_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o instrument_n be_v yet_o by_o the_o wise_a god_n turn_v to_o the_o great_a good_a thus_o the_o moral_a evil_n of_o man_n which_o be_v oppose_v to_o the_o creature_n good_a be_v yet_o so_o wise_o order_v by_o god_n as_o that_o they_o be_v make_v subservient_fw-fr to_o the_o good_a of_o the_o creator_n as_o wicked_a man_n oft_o extract_v evil_a out_o of_o good_a so_o the_o bless_a god_n extracte_n good_a out_o of_o evil_a touch_v god_n concourse_n to_o and_o gubernation_n of_o sin_n see_v more_o copiose_o chap._n 9_o §_o 2._o 2._o prop._n the_o prime_a cause_n do_v by_o his_o concourse_n influence_n not_o only_o the_o effect_n wil._n the_o divine_a concourse_n reach_v the_o wil._n or_o act_n of_o the_o human_a will_n but_o also_o the_o will_n itself_o this_o hypothesis_n be_v express_o lay_v down_o both_o in_o sacred_a and_o platonic_a philosophy_n in_o sacred_a philosophy_n we_o find_v great_a demonstration_n hereof_o so_o psal_n 110.3_o thy_o people_n shall_v become_v very_o willing_a in_o the_o day_n of_o thy_o power_n and_o phil._n 2.13_o it_o be_v god_n that_o work_v in_o we_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d both_o to_o will_v and_o to_o do_v thus_o also_o plato_n alcibiad_n 1._o p._n 135._o bring_v in_o socrates_n instruct_v alcibiades_n that_o god_n alone_o can_v change_v the_o wil._n and_o the_o reason_n which_o enforce_v this_o hypothesis_n be_v most_o demonstrative_a 1_o to_o suppose_v the_o will_n to_o act_n without_o be_v actuate_v and_o influence_v by_o god_n be_v to_o suppose_v it_o independent_a and_o not_o subordinate_a to_o god_n in_o such_o act_n 2_o either_o the_o will_n of_o man_n must_v be_v subordinate_a to_o and_o dependent_a on_o the_o will_n of_o god_n in_o all_o its_o act_n or_o the_o will_n of_o god_n must_v be_v subordinate_a to_o and_o dependent_a on_o the_o will_n of_o man_n for_o in_o cause_n that_o concur_v to_o the_o same_o effect_n there_o must_v be_v subordination_n on_o the_o one_o part_n if_o there_o be_v no_o room_n for_o coordination_n as_o here_o be_v none_o 3_o if_o god_n by_o his_o concourse_n produce_v the_o act_n of_o willing_a as_o our_o adversary_n the_o jesuit_n and_o other_o grant_v how_o be_v it_o possible_a but_o that_o he_o must_v influence_n and_o actuate_v the_o will_n do_v not_o every_o efficient_a cause_n in_o produce_v a_o act_n in_o a_o subject_a connatural_a to_o the_o power_n or_o faculty_n of_o the_o say_a subject_n influence_n and_o actuate_v the_o same_o power_n 4_o all_o grant_n that_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o will_n be_v produce_v by_o god_n and_o may_v we_o not_o thence_o strong_o argue_v that_o the_o volition_n or_o act_n of_o willing_a be_v also_o produce_v by_o god_n and_o that_o by_o immediate_a influence_n on_o the_o will_n be_v it_o not_o equal_o necessary_a that_o the_o concourse_n of_o god_n reach_n as_o well_o the_o active_a as_o passive_a efficience_n of_o the_o will_n what_o reason_n can_v there_o be_v assign_v by_o the_o jesuit_n and_o arminian_o our_o antagoniste_n why_o the_o will_n shall_v not_o as_o much_o depend_v on_o the_o concourse_n of_o god_n for_o its_o act_n of_o volition_n as_o for_o its_o effect_n if_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o will_n can_v be_v produce_v but_o by_o the_o immediate_a concourse_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n how_o can_v the_o will_n itself_o act_v without_o be_v actuate_v by_o god_n 5_o can_v any_o act_n pass_v from_o the_o will_n but_o by_o the_o concourse_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n and_o if_o so_o must_v not_o also_o the_o same_o first_o cause_n influence_n the_o will_n for_o the_o production_n of_o such_o act_n 3._o prop._n god_n concourse_n be_v universal_o extensive_a to_o all_o create_v object_n 11.36_o god_n concourse_n universal_o extensive_a rom._n 11.36_o this_o hypothesis_n be_v frequent_o inculcate_v in_o sacred_a philosophy_n as_o also_o in_o platonic_a thus_o rom._n 11.36_o of_o he_o and_o by_o he_o and_o for_o he_o be_v allthing_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o he_o note_v god_n operation_n in_o frame_v allthing_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o he_o his_o cooperation_n in_o and_o with_o all_o second_o cause_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d unto_o or_o for_o he_o his_o final_a causalitie_n as_o allthing_n be_v for_o he_o this_o universal_a causalitie_n be_v term_v by_o cyril_n alexandr_n in_o esa_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o multiforme_a energy_n because_o it_o produce_v all_o manner_n of_o effect_n plato_n also_o mention_n god_n universal_a causalitie_n as_o to_o all_o object_n so_o repub._n 6._o he_o make_v allthing_n not_o only_o visible_a but_o also_o intelligible_a as_o science_n etc._n etc._n yea_o all_o moral_a good_n as_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d thing_n righteous_a honest_a and_o good_a to_o fall_v under_o the_o prime_a causalitie_n of_o god_n who_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d righteousness_n itself_o honesty_n itself_o and_o bonitie_n itself_o and_o therefore_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o cause_n of_o all_o good_n thus_o also_o in_o his_o parmenides_n pag._n 144._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d essence_n therefore_o i._n e._n god_n be_v diffuse_v throughout_o all_o variety_n of_o being_n and_o be_v absent_a from_o nothing_o neither_o from_o the_o great_a nor_o yet_o from_o the_o least_o of_o being_n thence_o he_o add_v one_o therefore_o i._n e._n god_n be_v not_o only_o present_a to_o all_o essence_n but_o also_o to_o all_o the_o part_n thereof_o be_v absent_a from_o no_o part_n either_o lesser_a or_o great_a wherein_o he_o asserte_n that_o god_n be_v diffuse_v through_o and_o present_v with_o all_o part_n of_o the_o universe_n and_o all_o create_v being_n give_v essence_n force_n perfection_n and_o operation_n to_o all_o being_n aquinas_n make_v the_o concourse_n of_o god_n to_o extend_v universal_o to_o allthing_n 1_o as_o it_o give_v force_n and_o faculty_n of_o act_v to_o all_o second_o cause_n 2_o as_o it_o conserves_n and_o sustain_v they_o in_o be_v and_o vigour_n 3_o as_o it_o excite_v and_o apply_v second_o cause_n to_o act_v 4_o as_o it_o determine_v all_o second_o cause_n to_o act_v 5_o as_o it_o directe_v order_n govern_v and_o dispose_v they_o so_o as_o that_o they_o may_v in_o the_o best_a manner_n reach_v their_o end_n see_v aquin._n part._n 1._o quaest_n 105._o &_o contra_fw-la gent._n l._n 3._o c._n 70._o that_o the_o concourse_n of_o god_n the_o prime_n universal_a cause_n be_v universal_o extensive_a as_o to_o all_o object_n may_v be_v demonstrate_v 1_o from_o the_o subordination_n of_o all_o second_o cause_n to_o the_o first_o cause_n be_v not_o all_o cause_n not_o only_o efficient_a but_o also_o final_a subordinate_a to_o god_n yea_o do_v not_o all_o material_a and_o formal_a principes_fw-la depend_v on_o the_o concourse_n of_o god_n for_o all_o their_o operation_n of_o which_o see_v suarez_n metaph._n disp_n 21._o sect._n 1_o 2_o from_o the_o comprehension_n and_o perfection_n of_o god_n do_v he_o not_o in_o his_o own_o simplicity_n actuality_n and_o infinitude_n comprehend_v all_o perfection_n both_o actual_a and_o possible_a be_v he_o not_o then_o virtual_o and_o eminent_o allthing_n and_o do_v not_o this_o sufficient_o argue_v that_o his_o concourse_n be_v universal_o extensive_a unto_o allthing_n 3_o from_o the_o superiority_n and_o altitude_n of_o god_n as_o the_o first_o cause_n be_v not_o god_n the_o most_o supreme_a and_o high_a because_o the_o first_o cause_n must_v not_o then_o his_o concourse_n be_v
but_o the_o increate_v be_v in_o who_o it_o have_v a_o sufficient_a cause_n both_o efficient_a exemplar_n and_o final_a for_o albeit_o some_o create_v being_n require_v other_o efficient_a cause_n beside_o god_n at_o least_o for_o their_o more_o connatural_a production_n yet_o the_o reason_n of_o a_o create_v be_v as_o such_o require_v they_o not_o and_o in_o what_o precede_v he_o say_v that_o the_o dependence_n of_o a_o effect_n on_o any_o create_v second_o cause_n be_v not_o so_o essential_a as_o its_o dependence_n on_o the_o increate_v first_o cause_n 2_o all_o creature_n depend_v on_o god_n for_o their_o conservation_n this_o have_v be_v sufficient_o demonstrate_v in_o what_o precede_v c._n 8._o and_o it_o ma_fw-fr be_v further_o argue_v from_o the_o impossibility_n of_o a_o creature_n be_v conserve_v but_o in_o a_o way_n of_o dependence_n on_o god_n conservative_n influence_n for_o if_o a_o creature_n shall_v be_v conserve_v by_o itself_o or_o any_o other_o cause_n without_o dependence_n on_o the_o first_o cause_n god_n shall_v not_o have_v a_o absolute_a dominion_n over_o it_o neither_o be_v it_o in_o his_o power_n to_o annihilate_v the_o same_o §_o 10._o every_o creature_n depend_v on_o god_n as_o to_o operation_n this_o hypothesis_n though_o deny_v by_o durandus_fw-la operation_n creatural_a dependence_n as_o to_o operation_n and_o some_o very_o few_o more_o yet_o it_o be_v general_o own_a by_o scholastic_a theologue_n and_o that_o on_o invict_v evident_a ground_n for_o 1_o operation_n be_v the_o index_n of_o the_o essence_n what_o be_v dependent_a in_o essence_n can_v be_v independent_a in_o operation_n 2_o let_v we_o consider_v the_o series_n of_o cause_n and_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o every_o inferior_a be_v obedient_a and_o subordinate_a to_o its_o superior_a in_o act_v 3_o what_o be_v a_o action_n but_o that_o special_a dependence_n which_o the_o effect_n have_v on_o its_o efficient_a cause_n and_o be_v not_o god_n the_o prime_n efficient_a of_o allthing_n 4_o no_o virtue_n or_o efficace_n of_o any_o second_o cause_n can_v actuate_v itself_o but_o necessary_o require_v for_o its_o actuation_n the_o divine_a concourse_n which_o give_v all_o virtue_n as_o also_o the_o conservation_n and_o actuation_n of_o the_o say_a virtue_n the_o virtue_n of_o the_o inferior_a agent_n always_o depend_v on_o the_o virtue_n of_o the_o superior_a in_o as_o much_o as_o the_o superior_a give_v virtue_n to_o the_o inferior_a as_o also_o the_o conservation_n and_o actuation_n of_o the_o same_o virtue_n 5_o whatever_o be_v limit_v in_o its_o essence_n be_v also_o limit_v in_o its_o activity_n and_o operation_n and_o where_o there_o be_v limitation_n there_o be_v subordination_n and_o dependence_n as_o well_o in_o operation_n as_o in_o essence_n 6_o if_o every_o second_o cause_n depend_v not_o on_o its_o first_o for_o all_o its_o operation_n than_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o the_o first_o cause_n shall_v hinder_v such_o operation_n for_o the_o exerting_fw-mi whereof_o the_o second_o cause_n depend_v not_o on_o he_o who_o can_v hinder_v that_o action_n which_o he_o can_v by_o any_o influence_n reach_v and_o if_o this_o be_v grant_v what_o will_v become_v of_o the_o providence_n of_o god_n must_v we_o not_o with_o epicurus_n allow_v god_n to_o be_v only_o a_o spectator_n no_o way_n a_o rector_n or_o gubernator_n of_o the_o most_o considerable_a part_n of_o human_a affair_n and_o act_n that_o no_o creature_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d unimpedible_a in_o operation_n we_o have_v demonstrate_v in_o what_o precede_v §_o 4._o of_o this_o chapter_n 7_o it_o imply_v a_o contradiction_n that_o the_o second_o cause_n shall_v act_v and_o yet_o not_o be_v actuate_v and_o influence_v by_o the_o first_o cause_n and_o here_o while_o under_o the_o review_n of_o these_o sentiment_n i_o may_v not_o let_v pass_n without_o some_o animadversion_n the_o reflection_n of_o a_o learned_a author_n in_o a_o new_a piece_n about_o god_n prescience_n on_o this_o argument_n namely_o that_o it_o can_v never_o be_v prove_v that_o it_o imply_v a_o contradiction_n for_o god_n to_o make_v a_o creature_n which_o shall_v be_v capable_a of_o act_v without_o a_o immediate_a concourse_n if_o i_o apprehend_v his_o meaning_n as_o lay_v down_o p._n 35_o 36_o 37._o but_o because_o that_o learned_a author_n give_v we_o only_o his_o supposition_n without_o any_o demonstration_n thereof_o or_o solution_n of_o those_o argument_n which_o the_o school_n both_o of_o thomist_n and_o scotiste_n as_o also_o the_o jesuit_n suarez_n and_o other_o have_v urge_v against_o the_o hypothesis_n of_o durandus_fw-la which_o he_o seem_v to_o espouse_v i_o do_v not_o conceive_v myself_o oblige_v to_o superadde_a any_o argument_n for_o the_o re-enforcement_n of_o this_o hypothesis_n which_o as_o be_v already_o copiose_o demonstrate_v §_o 5_o 6_o 7._o also_o chap._n 7._o §_o 2_o 4._o and_o chap._n 9_o i_o shall_v only_o add_v thus_o much_o that_o i_o can_v according_a to_o the_o utmost_a extension_n of_o my_o narrow_a apprehension_n conceive_v any_o medium_n between_o the_o extreme_n of_o this_o disjunctive_a proposition_n either_o the_o human_a will_n must_v depend_v on_o the_o divine_a independent_a will_n of_o god_n for_o all_o its_o natural_a motion_n and_o operation_n or_o god_n must_v depend_v on_o the_o human_a will_n in_o itself_o independent_a for_o all_o his_o prescience_n motive_n of_o election_n and_o all_o discrimination_n as_o to_o grace_n and_o gratiose_fw-la operation_n i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a of_o the_o general_a reply_n that_o this_o hypothesis_n i_o oppose_v only_a cut_n off_o god_n concourse_n as_o to_o sinful_a acts._n but_o i_o will_v willing_o be_v satisfy_v in_o these_o query_n 1_o whether_o there_o be_v any_o action_n of_o man_n on_o earth_n so_o good_a which_o have_v not_o some_o mixture_n of_o sin_n in_o it_o and_o if_o god_n concur_v to_o the_o substrate_a matter_n of_o it_o as_o good_a must_v be_v not_o also_o necessary_o concur_v to_o the_o substrate_a matter_n of_o it_o as_o sinful_a be_v not_o the_o substrate_a matter_n of_o the_o act_n both_o as_o good_a and_o sinful_a the_o same_o 2_o again_o as_o there_o be_v no_o action_n in_o this_o imperfect_a state_n so_o good_a but_o it_o have_v some_o sin_n mix_v with_o it_o so_o be_v there_o any_o action_n so_o sinful_a which_o have_v not_o some_o natural_a good_a as_o the_o substrate_a matter_n thereof_o as_o we_o have_v large_o prove_v chap._n 9_o §_o 2_o 3_o last_o if_o we_o cut_v off_o the_o material_a entity_n of_o sinful_a act_n from_o dependence_n on_o god_n immediate_a concourse_n do_v we_o not_o indeed_o thereby_o cut_v off_o the_o most_o illustrious_a part_n of_o divine_a providence_n in_o govern_v this_o low_a world_n but_o of_o these_o sufficient_o in_o what_o precede_v special_o c._n 7._o §_o 9_o hence_o §_o 11._o the_o will_n of_o man_n be_v necessary_o subordinate_a to_o and_o dependent_a on_o the_o will_n of_o god_n in_o all_o its_o operation_n acts._n the_o dependence_n of_o the_o human_a will_n in_o all_o its_o acts._n the_o will_n of_o man_n can_v be_v the_o solitary_a cause_n of_o its_o own_o act_n so_o as_o to_o exclude_v the_o efficience_n of_o the_o prime_a cause_n as_o c._n 7._o §_o 4._o it_o be_v true_a the_o will_n be_v a_o total_a cause_n in_o its_o own_o kind_n yet_o not_o so_o as_o to_o exclude_v the_o total_a influx_n of_o god_n as_o the_o first_o cause_n yea_o god_n be_v not_o only_o the_o total_a but_o also_o the_o immediate_a cause_n of_o all_o voluntary_a act_n which_o argue_v the_o will_n total_a and_o immediate_a dependence_n on_o god_n in_o all_o its_o act_n as_o c._n 7._o §_o 4._o thus_o aquinas_n see_v every_o mutable_a and_o multiforme_a must_v be_v reduce_v to_o some_o immobile_fw-la principe_fw-la as_o unto_o its_o cause_n and_o the_o intellect_n and_o will_n of_o man_n appear_v to_o be_v mutable_a and_o multiforme_a it_o be_v necessary_a that_o they_o be_v reduce_v to_o some_o superior_a immobile_a immutable_a and_o uniform_a cause_n yea_o he_o say_v that_o god_n be_v most_o intime_o present_v to_o the_o will_n and_o as_o it_o be_v act_v in_o it_o while_o he_o move_v it_o to_o act_v and_o scotus_n in_o 2._o sent._n dist_n 37._o q._n 2._o query_n whether_o the_o create_v will_v be_v so_o far_o a_o total_a and_o immediate_a cause_n of_o its_o own_o act_n as_o to_o exclude_v the_o immediate_a efficience_n of_o god_n and_o he_o prove_v the_o negative_a because_o 1_o if_o so_o than_o it_o will_v necessary_o follow_v that_o god_n do_v not_o certain_o know_v the_o future_a evenement_n and_o act_n of_o the_o will_n because_o his_o knowledge_n of_o thing_n future_a depend_v on_o the_o determination_n of_o his_o own_o will_n as_o chap._n 5._o §_o 2._o 2_o if_o so_o then_o god_n be_v not_o the_o best_a and_o most_o perfect_a be_v because_o he_o shall_v not_o have_v dominion_n over_o the_o
be_v necessary_a 368._o god_n ordinate_a justice_n from_o his_o wil._n 370._o god_n ordinate_a justice_n the_o same_o with_o his_o veracitie_n 371._o no_o acception_n of_o person_n with_o god_n 372._o the_o difference_n between_o the_o justice_n of_o god_n and_o that_o of_o men._n ib._n how_o far_o god_n justice_n regard_v the_o quality_n of_o its_o object_n 373._o god_n veracitie_n and_o fidelity_n ib._n 1_o in_o fulfil_v promise_n 376._o 2_o in_o fulfil_v threat_n 377._o god_n veracitie_n demonstrate_v 378._o the_o sanctity_n of_o god_n 379._o platonic_a philosophemes_n of_o the_o trinity_n with_o their_o abuse_n 382._o chap._n vii_o of_o god_n prime_a causalitie_n efficience_n and_o concourse_n in_o general_n 1_o god_n the_o first_o cause_n of_o allthing_n 387._o 2._o the_o object_n of_o divine_a concourse_n 391._o 1_o god_n concourse_n not_o mere_o conservative_n of_o the_o principe_fw-la 392._o durandus_n objection_n against_o god_n immediate_a concourse_n to_o all_o operation_n answer_v 394._o god_n concourse_n to_o the_o substrate_a matter_n of_o sin_n what_o 395._o 2_o divine_a concourse_n reach_v the_o human_a will_n and_o all_o its_o acts._n 396._o 3_o god_n concourse_n universal_o extensive_a as_o to_o all_o object_n 397._o 4_o god_n concourse_n principal_a 398._o how_o second_o cause_n be_v all_o instrument_n of_o the_o first_o 399._o 3._o divine_a concourse_n as_o to_o its_o principe_n or_o subject_a 401._o 1_o god_n concourse_n not_o his_o essence_n absolute_o consider_v 402._o 2_o god_n concourse_n proceed_v not_o from_o any_o executive_a power_n in_o god_n 403._o 3_o the_o divine_a will_n omnipotent_a 404._o 4_o the_o divine_a will_n of_o itself_o operative_a and_o influential_a on_o all_o second_o cause_n and_o effect_n 405._o 4._o the_o adjunct_n of_o god_n concourse_n 406._o it_o be_v 1_o immediate_a ib._n 1_n god_n concur_v immediate_o to_o every_o act_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n 408._o 2_o god_n concur_v immediate_o to_o the_o second_o cause_n itself_o 409._o 3_o the_o act_n of_o the_o first_o and_o second_o cause_n the_o same_o 410._o 2_o independent_a and_o absolute_a 412._o 3_o previous_a and_o antecedent_n 416._o 4_o total_a not_o partial_a 417._o 5_o particular_a not_o general_a only_o 420._o objection_n against_o god_n particular_a concourse_n answer_v 421._o 6_o most_o potent_a and_o efficacious_a 422._o god_n moral_a and_o physic_n concourse_n 426._o god_n efficacious_a concourse_n demonstrate_v 427._o 7_o congenial_a and_o connatural_a 428._o the_o suavitie_n and_o efficace_n of_o divine_a grace_n 429._o chap._n viii_o of_o creation_n and_o providence_n in_o general_n gods_n creation_n demonstrate_v and_o explicate_v 431._o creation_n the_o production_n of_o something_o out_o of_o nothing_o 432._o active_a creation_n the_o act_n of_o the_o divine_a wil._n 433._o passive_a creation_n a_o mode_n of_o the_o thing_n create_v 435._o the_o providence_n of_o god_n demonstrate_v 436._o the_o wisdom_n of_o divine_a providence_n 439._o the_o eternal_a law_n of_o providence_n 441._o the_o wisdom_n of_o providence_n active_a 442._o providence_n a_o act_n of_o the_o divine_a wil._n 443._o the_o spirit_n the_o immediate_a efficient_a of_o providence_n 445._o platonic_a notion_n of_o the_o mundane_a spirit_n 447._o providential_a mean_v use_v by_o the_o spirit_n 449._o no_o second_o cause_n can_v act_v but_o in_o subordination_n to_o god_n and_o by_o his_o providence_n 450._o fire_v the_o create_v universal_a spirit_n 452._o the_o object_n of_o divine_a providence_n universal_a 453._o the_o particular_a object_n of_o providence_n 454._o the_o adjunct_n of_o providence_n it_o be_v 1_o efficacious_a 455._o 2_o immobile_a and_o fix_a 456._o 3_o connatural_a and_o agreeable_a 457._o 4_o beautiful_a and_o perfect_a ib._n 5_o mysterious_a 459._o the_o distribution_n of_o providence_n 460._o of_o miracle_n ib._n providential_a conservation_n proper_a to_o god_n 461._o god_n conservative_n influx_n immediate_n 463._o god_n conservation_n by_o his_o word_n or_o wil._n 464._o god_n conservation_n by_o mean_n 465._o god_n extraordinary_a provision_n for_o some_o 466._o conservation_n continue_a creation_n 467._o the_o object_n of_o divine_a conservation_n 468._o chap._n ix_o of_o divine_a gubernation_n in_o general_a and_o as_o to_o sin_n divine_a gubernation_n 469._o god_n the_o supreme_a gubernator_n 470._o divine_a glory_n the_o last_o end_n of_o divine_a gubernation_n 471._o the_o order_n of_o divine_a gubernation_n fix_v 472._o none_o can_v avoid_v divine_a order_n and_o gubernation_n 474._o the_o order_n of_o god_n gubernation_n a_o law_n ib._n god_n gubernation_n by_o second_o cause_n 475._o god_n gubernation_n reach_v allthing_n 476._o divine_a gubernation_n as_o to_o man_n 1_o moral_a by_o law_n 2_o efficacious_a 477._o wicked_a man_n fall_v under_o god_n gubernation_n 478_o god_n gubernation_n about_o sin_n ib._n the_o cause_n and_o part_n of_o sin_n 479._o god_n not_o the_o author_n of_o sin_n 480._o god_n the_o prine_n cause_n of_o the_o entitative_a act_n of_o sin_n 482._o god_n concourse_n to_o the_o entitative_a act_n of_o sin_n demonstrate_v 483._o how_o sin_n fall_v under_o the_o divine_a wil._n 485._o god_n will_v about_o the_o obliquity_n of_o sin_n permissive_a ib._n god_n permissive_a will_n about_o sin_n efficacious_a 486._o god_n gubernation_n of_o sin_n ordinative_a 487._o judicial_a gubernation_n of_o sin_n 488._o god_n attribute_n illustrious_a in_o the_o gubernation_n of_o sin_n 489._o chap._n x._o of_o divine_a gubernation_n about_o virtue_n virtuose_fw-la man_n and_o angel_n svpernatural_a illumination_n from_o god_n 490._o the_o infusion_n of_o virtue_n 493._o god_n care_n of_o virtuose_fw-la men._n 496._o god_n gubernation_n of_o the_o angelic_a world_n 498._o the_o angelic_a law_n obedience_n and_o disobedience_n 500_o good_a angel_n ministry_n as_o to_o god_n ib._n good_a angel_n converse_v with_o saint_n 501._o angel_n employ_v 1_o at_o the_o give_v of_o the_o law_n 502._o at_o christ_n birth_n and_o for_o the_o propagation_n of_o the_o gospel_n ib._n 2_o for_o the_o conservation_n and_o protection_n of_o the_o saint_n ib._n 3_o for_o information_n counsel_n conduct_v and_o consolation_n 503._o 4_o angel_n communion_n with_o saint_n 504._o 5_o the_o final_a service_n of_o angel_n 505._o god_n gubernation_n as_o to_o evil_a angel_n ib._n satan_n the_o prince_n of_o this_o world_n 507._o satan_n power_n to_o temte_n 508._o chap._n xi_o of_o creatural_a dependence_n both_o natural_a and_o supernatural_a creatural_a dependence_n what_o 509._o every_o be_v dependent_a or_o independent_a 510._o one_o prime_n independent_a be_v 511._o dependent_a be_v by_o participation_n 512._o the_o origine_fw-la of_o dependence_n 515._o 1_o passive_a power_n ib._n 2_o the_o dominion_n of_o god_n 516._o every_o creature_n dependent_a ib._n dependence_n the_o same_o with_o the_o essence_n 517._o dependence_n import_v 1_o subordination_n 519._o 2_o posterioritie_n ib._n 3_o inferioritie_n 520._o creatural_a dependence_n 1_o as_o to_o futurition_n ib._n 2_o as_o to_o essence_n and_o conservation_n 521._o 3_o as_o to_o operation_n 522._o 4_o the_o dependence_n of_o the_o human_a will_n in_o all_o its_o acts._n 523._o dependence_n natural_a moral_a and_o supernatural_a 524._o supernatural_a dependence_n on_o christ_n ib._n 1_o for_o habitual_a grace_n 526._o 2_o for_o actual_a grace_n 527._o table_n of_o hebraic_a notion_n explicate_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d adonai_n my_o lord_n 242_o 339_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ehjeh_n i_o shall_v be_v 242_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d light_n and_o fire_n 452_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d then_o eternity_n 275_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d el_fw-es the_o potent_a god_n 242_o 358_o 430_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d eloah_n and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d elohim_n 242_o 358_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d if_o a_o formule_fw-la of_o swear_v 374_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d amen_o ibid._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d truth_n fidelity_n 200_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d desperate_o sick_a 128_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o prince_n or_o principatie_n 187_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d belial_n lawless_a 109_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o son_n devote_v 122_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o create_v 419_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d gillulehim_v filthy_a idol_n 129_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o adhere_v 88_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o word_n or_o thing_n 363_o 428_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d do_v order_n law_n 187_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d mad_a sinner_n 136_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d haleluia_o 241_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d separate_v 496_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d glue_v 135_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d force_n or_o power_n 429_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o see_v 35_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d aberration_n 109_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ability_n force_v 200_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d note_n god_n sovereign_a will_n 340_o 345_o 〈◊〉_d
4_o this_o moral_a objective_n bonitie_n arise_v from_o the_o matter_n as_o clothe_v with_o all_o its_o condition_n and_o circumstance_n whereby_o it_o be_v render_v a_o meet_a object_n for_o the_o soul_n to_o close_v with_o 5_o the_o moral_a goodness_n of_o any_o object_n consist_v in_o its_o conformity_n to_o or_o agreament_n with_o the_o divine_a law_n 2_o there_o be_v also_o formal_a bonitie_n or_o goodness_n which_o constitute_v a_o man_n formal_o good_a for_o 1_o a_o object_n though_o never_o so_o good_a can_v constitute_v a_o man_n or_o his_o act_n formal_o good_a it_o be_v true_a the_o act_n receive_v some_o goodness_n from_o its_o object_n yet_o only_o material_o and_o terminative_o not_o formal_o so_o as_o to_o constitute_v the_o act_n formal_o good_a 2_o the_o act_n be_v so_o far_o formal_o good_a as_o virtuose_fw-la i._n e._n procede_v from_o right_n principes_fw-la tend_v to_o a_o right_a end_n and_o measure_v by_o a_o perfect_a rule_n all_o which_o presuppose_v some_o divine_a law_n as_o the_o measure_n 2._o perfect_a the_o measure_n of_o moral_a good_a perfect_a prop._n that_o law_n which_o be_v the_o measure_n of_o moral_a bonitie_n must_v be_v perfect_a this_o hypothesis_n be_v most_o evident_a and_o will_v appear_v to_o be_v such_o if_o we_o consider_v either_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o measure_n or_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o thing_n measure_v 1_o as_o for_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o measure_n plato_n repub._n 6._o well_o explicate_v the_o same_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o defective_a measure_n of_o such_o thing_n be_v no_o measure_n for_o that_o which_o be_v imperfect_a can_v be_v the_o measure_n of_o any_o thing_n every_o measure_n or_o rule_n be_v indivisible_a and_o therefore_o capable_a neither_o of_o addition_n or_o substraction_n thus_o phavorinus_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o canon_n or_o rule_n be_v a_o infallible_a measure_n admit_v neither_o addition_n nor_o detraction_n and_o thus_o much_o indeed_o be_v formal_o include_v in_o the_o notion_n canon_n for_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o the_o hebr._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d can_v whence_o it_o be_v derive_v primary_o denote_v a_o reed_n of_o such_o a_o just_a longitude_n whereby_o they_o measure_v their_o land_n and_o thence_o it_o be_v use_v in_o the_o general_a for_o a_o exact_a measure_n as_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d job_n 38_o 5._o be_v render_v by_o aquila_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 3.16_o 2_o cor._n 10.13_o phil._n 3.16_o thus_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 2_o cor._n 10.13_o be_v explicate_v by_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d such_o be_v its_o use_n gal._n 6.16_o phil._n 3.16_o whereby_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o divine_a law_n be_v illustrate_v 2_o that_o the_o measure_n of_o moral_a bonitie_n must_v be_v perfect_a be_v easy_o demonstrate_v from_o the_o condition_n of_o moral_a bonitie_n for_o a_o plenitude_n of_o be_v or_o integrity_n of_o bonitie_n be_v essential_a to_o all_o moral_a good_a moral_a evil_n arise_v from_o the_o least_o defect_n but_o moral_a good_a require_v a_o integrity_n of_o cause_n and_o part_n if_o there_o be_v the_o least_o circumstance_n misplace_v or_o mistimed_a it_o render_v the_o act_n vitiose_fw-la now_o if_o all_o moral_a good_a must_v be_v thus_o perfect_a and_o entire_a than_o it_o necessary_o follow_v that_o its_o measure_n and_o rule_n must_v be_v perfect_a and_o entire_a but_o of_o this_o more_o in_o what_o follow_v 3._o law_n the_o universality_n of_o a_o perfect_a law_n prop._n the_o perfection_n of_o a_o law_n as_o it_o be_v the_o measure_n of_o moral_a bonitie_n consist_v in_o its_o comprehension_n of_o the_o most_o perfect_a objective_n mater_fw-la end_n and_o principes_fw-la the_o explication_n and_o demonstration_n of_o this_o proposition_n depend_v on_o the_o explication_n of_o moral_a good_a as_o to_o its_o constitutive_a part_n and_o cause_n it_o be_v say_v before_o that_o all_o moral_a good_a require_v a_o integrity_n of_o be_v and_o cause_n in_o the_o school_n they_o make_v four_o cause_n of_o moral_a good_a proportionable_a to_o those_o in_o natural_a production_n namely_o mater_n form_n end_v efficient_a we_o shall_v not_o at_o present_a think_v ourselves_o oblige_v to_o examine_v or_o defend_v the_o legalitie_n of_o this_o distribution_n but_o endeavour_n to_o demonstrate_v that_o a_o perfect_a measure_n of_o moral_a bonitie_n comprehend_v each_o of_o these_o cause_n and_o principes_fw-la 1_o it_o must_v comprehend_v the_o objectmater_n of_o all_o moral_a bonitie_n in_o its_o full_a amplitude_n extension_n and_o universality_n thus_o plato_n leg._n 1._o pag._n 630._o truth_n and_o equity_n require_v that_o they_o who_o will_v discourse_v of_o a_o divine_a republic_n determine_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o the_o legislator_n have_v respect_n not_o to_o one_o only_a particle_n of_o virtue_n and_o that_o true_o the_o least_o but_o rather_o to_o all_o virtue_n and_o that_o he_o find_v out_o law_n according_a to_o those_o several_a species_n of_o virtue_n i._n e._n the_o law_n of_o moral_a bonitie_n must_v extend_v itself_o to_o all_o the_o various_a species_n and_o office_n of_o virtue_n if_o there_o be_v any_o moral_a duty_n which_o the_o law_n of_o morality_n extend_v not_o to_o it_o be_v no_o perfect_a measure_n and_o this_o argue_v the_o imperfection_n of_o nature_n light_n in_o we_o and_o all_o human_a law_n as_o hereafter_o 2_o as_o for_o the_o form_n of_o moral_a bonitie_n it_o consist_v in_o conformity_n to_o the_o rule_n or_o law_n of_o morality_n which_o if_o perfect_a exact_v the_o most_o perfect_a conformity_n thus_o plato_n leg._n 1._o pag._n 630._o our_o whole_a discourse_n tend_v to_o this_o to_o show_v that_o this_o legislator_n and_o all_o other_o who_o will_v institute_v utile_a law_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d aught_o in_o frame_v law_n to_o aim_v at_o the_o high_a virtue_n i._n e._n at_o the_o high_a conformity_n to_o the_o best_a law_n 3_o that_o a_o perfect_a law_n of_o morality_n comprehend_v the_o most_o perfect_a end_n be_v also_o most_o evident_a because_o the_o end_n be_v as_o the_o soul_n and_o spirit_n in_o moral_n all_o office_n of_o virtue_n be_v but_o as_o a_o dead_a corpse_n without_o a_o spirituose_fw-la perfect_a end_n as_o jansenius_n demonstrate_v out_o of_o augustine_n thence_o plato_n repub._n 5._o pag._n 444._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d good_a institutes_n or_o law_n make_v way_n for_o virtue_n but_o bad_a precipitate_a man_n into_o vice_n now_o he_o elsewhere_o assure_v we_o that_o the_o end_n give_v life_n and_o perfection_n to_o all_o virtuose_fw-la acts._n yea_o leg._n 1._o he_o open_o say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d all_o law_n be_v to_o be_v so_o constitute_v as_o that_o they_o may_v promote_v the_o best_a end_n 4_o the_o law_n of_o moral_a bonitie_n must_v be_v perfect_a as_o to_o the_o efficient_a or_o principe_fw-la of_o morality_n i._n e._n it_o must_v extend_v itself_o to_o the_o qualification_n of_o the_o subject_n and_o its_o virtuose_fw-la disposition_n for_o as_o the_o end_n direct_v the_o act_n so_o the_o principes_fw-la or_o disposition_n of_o the_o subject_n direct_v the_o end_n arist_n eth._n lib._n 3._o c._n 10._o assure_v we_o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o end_n of_o every_o act_n be_v according_a to_o the_o habit_n i._n e._n if_o the_o mind_n be_v not_o well-disposed_n or_o clothe_v with_o virtuose_fw-la habit_n it_o will_v never_o aim_v at_o a_o virtuose_fw-la end_n thence_o that_o great_a say_v of_o augustine_n the_o intention_n of_o the_o best_a end_n make_v the_o work_n good_a and_o faith_n direct_v the_o intention_n so_o that_o the_o law_n of_o morality_n if_o perfect_a extend_v itself_o to_o all_o virtuose_fw-la principes_fw-la and_o moral_a habit_n which_o the_o subject_n ought_v to_o be_v invest_v with_o 3._o good_n subjective_n right_a reason_n not_o the_o measure_n of_o moral_a good_n prop._n subjective_n right_a reason_n or_o objective_n human_a law_n be_v not_o a_o perfect_a rule_n of_o moral_a bonitie_n there_o be_v two_o part_n in_o this_o proposition_n to_o be_v examine_v 1_o that_o subjective_n right_a reason_n be_v not_o a_o perfect_a rule_n of_o moral_a bonitie_n to_o explicate_v and_o demonstrate_v this_o hypothesis_n we_o grant_v 1_o that_o reason_n be_v the_o organ_n of_o apprehend_v albeit_o not_o the_o measure_n of_o our_o duty_n 2_o that_o practic_a reason_n or_o conscience_n so_o far_o as_o illuminate_v by_o the_o spirit_n of_o god_n be_v the_o regula_fw-la regulata_fw-la of_o our_o duty_n for_o conscience_n be_v god_n deputy_n and_o a_o law_n unto_o a_o man_n self_n yet_o we_o deny_v that_o there_o be_v a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o right_a reason_n in_o nature_n corrupt_v which_o may_v suffice_v as_o a_o rule_n of_o moral_a goodness_n i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a how_o much_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n or_o as_o some_o term_v it_o right_a
indifferent_a in_o individuo_fw-la no_o action_n consider_v in_o individuo_fw-la in_o its_o individual_a nature_n be_v moral_o indifferent_a i.e._n every_o individual_a action_n consider_v as_o clothe_v with_o its_o circumstance_n and_o in_o relation_n to_o its_o principes_fw-la manner_n and_o end_n be_v either_o good_a or_o evil_n that_o moral_a indifference_n have_v place_n only_o in_o specie_fw-la in_o the_o specific_a nature_n of_o act_n not_o in_o individuo_fw-la in_o their_o individual_a nature_n be_v general_o avouch_v by_o the_o orthodox_n yea_o among_o the_o more_o sober_a of_o the_o schoolman_n this_o be_v one_o of_o john_n husse_n article_n condemn_v in_o the_o council_n of_o constance_n art_n 16._o quòd_fw-la nulla_fw-la sint_fw-la opera_fw-la indifferentia_fw-la sed_fw-la haec_fw-la sit_fw-la divisio_fw-la immediata_fw-la humanorum_fw-la operum_fw-la quòd_fw-la sint_fw-la virtuosa_fw-la vel_fw-la vitiosa_fw-la that_o there_o be_v no_o work_n in_o individuo_fw-la indifferent_a but_o this_o be_v a_o immediate_a division_n of_o human_a work_n that_o they_o be_v either_o virtuose_fw-la or_o vitiose_fw-la this_o indeed_o we_o may_v argue_v from_o plato_n placite_n who_o strong_o prove_v that_o all_o our_o act_n ought_v to_o tend_v to_o some_o good_a end_n so_o gorg._n pag._n 499._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o seem_v that_o allthing_n must_v be_v do_v for_o good_a etc._n etc._n so_o elsewhere_o he_o say_v that_o god_n be_v the_o mark_n and_o scope_n unto_o which_o all_o our_o act_n as_o so_o many_o arrow_n aught_o to_o tend_v this_o be_v well_o determine_v by_o aquinas_n 1.2_o quaest_n 18._o art_n 9_o it_o happen_v sometime_o that_o a_o act_n be_v indifferent_a as_o to_o its_o species_n which_o yet_o consider_v in_o individuo_fw-la be_v either_o good_a or_o evil_n and_o that_o because_o every_o moral_a act_n receive_v its_o bonitie_n not_o only_o from_o its_o object_n but_o also_o from_o its_o circumstance_n and_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o every_o individual_a act_n have_v some_o circumstance_n by_o which_o it_o be_v draw_v to_o good_a or_o evil_n at_o least_o as_o to_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o end_n for_o in_o as_o much_o as_o it_o belong_v to_o reason_n to_o order_v all_o human_a act_n if_o any_o act_n be_v not_o order_v to_o its_o last_o end_n it_o be_v so_o far_o evil_a if_o it_o be_v order_v to_o its_o last_o end_n it_o be_v then_o good_a etc._n etc._n thus_o gibieuf_fw-fr de_fw-fr libertat_fw-la pag._n 74._o we_o most_o evident_o gather_v from_o the_o subordination_n of_o our_o will_n to_o its_o last_o end_n that_o there_o be_v no_o human_a act_n indifferent_a in_o individuo_fw-la but_o all_o be_v good_a or_o evil_n for_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o a_o rational_a creature_n so_o long_o as_o he_o be_v such_o not_o to_o return_v that_o back_n to_o god_n which_o he_o receive_v from_o god_n again_o p._n 77._o every_o thing_n ought_v to_o act_v according_a to_o its_o nature_n and_o he_o that_o do_v otherwise_o be_v deficient_a because_o nature_n be_v the_o measure_n of_o other_o thing_n if_o therefore_o man_n put_v forth_o a_o human_a act_n he_o ought_v thereby_o to_o be_v convert_v towards_o god_n indeed_o indifference_n can_v no_o more_o be_v find_v in_o individual_a act_n than_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v as_o to_o some_o act_n consider_v in_o their_o species_n all_o act_n of_o man_n in_o innocence_n be_v good_a all_o the_o act_n of_o man_n under_o the_o dominion_n of_o corrupt_a nature_n be_v evil_a all_o the_o act_n of_o man_n in_o glory_n shall_v be_v good_a all_o the_o act_n of_o man_n under_o grace_n be_v either_o good_a or_o evil_n not_o one_o of_o all_o these_o indifferent_a be_v all_o our_o action_n regulate_v by_o the_o divine_a moral_a law_n they_o will_v be_v all_o good_a yea_o our_o very_a natural_a and_o civil_a act_n as_o to_o their_o manner_n so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v moral_o good_a or_o evil_n be_v all_o regulate_v and_o determine_v by_o the_o moral_a law_n for_o albeit_o the_o divine_a law_n be_v not_o as_o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v a_o general_a sum_n of_o art_n and_o science_n nor_o yet_o a_o particular_a directory_n for_o the_o government_n of_o state_n or_o politic_a act_n yet_o the_o particular_a determination_n of_o all_o our_o act_n fall_v under_o the_o divine_a law_n so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v moral_a and_o christian_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o all_o profession_n and_o science_n coincident_a for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o the_o mater_fw-la but_o distinct_a in_o the_o manner_n of_o consideration_n thus_o much_o petrus_n à _fw-la sancto_fw-it joseph_n that_o late_a compilator_n of_o schole-divinitie_n thes_n 167._o acknowledge_v there_o be_v not_o say_v he_o any_o act_n indifferent_a in_o individuo_fw-la but_o every_o such_o act_n if_o it_o proceed_v from_o sufficient_a deliberation_n be_v either_o good_a or_o evil_n although_o not_o as_o to_o its_o object_n yet_o in_o regard_n of_o its_o circumstance_n the_o scratch_n of_o the_o head_n or_o the_o take_n up_o of_o a_o straw_n be_v either_o good_a or_o evil_n this_o seem_v a_o paradox_n to_o some_o that_o be_v ignorant_a and_o disgustful_a to_o libertine_n who_o will_v be_v so_o yet_o general_o grant_v by_o philosopher_n and_o divine_n yea_o scarce_o ever_o profess_o deny_v by_o any_o save_o some_o sew_v who_o distinguish_v between_o act_n procede_v from_o mere_a imagination_n and_o such_o as_o be_v deliberate_a that_o no_o act_n in_o individuo_fw-la be_v indifferent_a see_v the_o commentator_n in_o sent._n lib._n 2._o do_v 41._o and_o in_o thomam_fw-la 1.2_o quaest_n 18._o art_n 9_o 2._o good_n a_o virtuose_fw-la will_n the_o principe_n of_o moral_a good_n have_v discuss_v the_o mater_n of_o moral_a good_a we_o now_o proceed_v to_o its_o next_o efficient_a cause_n or_o principe_n which_o be_v the_o will_n or_o rather_o soul_n clothe_v with_o supernatural_a habit_n of_o virtue_n or_o grace_n the_o moral_a law_n require_v that_o to_o the_o constitution_n of_o a_o act_n moral_o good_a there_o concur_v a_o good_a principe_fw-la now_o the_o will_n or_o soul_n as_o willing_a be_v the_o fountain_n of_o all_o moral_a efficience_n and_o operation_n its_o rectitude_n be_v necessary_a to_o constitute_v a_o act_n moral_o or_o spiritual_o good_a such_o therefore_o as_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o will_n be_v such_o will_v the_o action_n prove_v as_o to_o its_o goodness_n or_o pravitie_n the_o bent_n of_o the_o will_n be_v as_o a_o pondus_fw-la that_o carry_v the_o whole_a soul_n either_o to_o good_a or_o bad_a when_o the_o deliberation_n and_o intention_n of_o a_o bend_a will_n concur_v in_o a_o good_a mater_fw-la for_o a_o good_a end_n the_o action_n be_v good_a and_o what_o bend_v the_o will_n in_o this_o manner_n actio_fw-la actio_fw-la recta_fw-la non_fw-la erit_fw-la nisi_fw-la recta_fw-la fuerit_fw-la voluntas_fw-la ab_fw-la hac_fw-la enim_fw-la est_fw-la actio_fw-la but_o virtuose_fw-la habit_n so_o many_o degree_n as_o there_o be_v of_o a_o sanctify_a will_n in_o any_o act_n so_o many_o degree_n there_o be_v of_o moral_a good_a therein_o morality_n as_o well_o as_o divinity_n be_v in_o a_o more_o special_a manner_n conversant_a in_o rule_v the_o will_n which_o be_v the_o measure_n of_o good_a and_o evil_n the_o bent_n of_o the_o will_n make_v a_o good_a or_o bad_a man_n as_o also_o act_n thus_o plato_n meno_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d virtue_n be_v to_o will_v and_o to_o be_v able_a to_o perform_v good_a again_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d if_o he_o will_v not_o to_o do_v unrightcous_o this_o be_v sufficient_a he_o shall_v not_o do_v unrighteous_o but_o more_o particular_o plato_n leg._n 3._o thus_o philosophise_v this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v desire_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o allthing_n follow_v his_o will_n but_o that_o his_o will_n follow_v reason_n i.e._n that_o it_o prosecute_v what_o be_v good_a this_o be_v well_o express_v by_o simplicius_n in_o epich_a c._n 1._o pag._n 14._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o when_o the_o will_n be_v free_a and_o pure_a in_o the_o power_n of_o reason_n itself_o on_o which_o our_o nature_n depend_v than_o it_o be_v carry_v to_o thing_n true_o eligible_a yea_o to_o truth_n itself_o wherefore_o the_o proper_a good_a of_o the_o soul_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d virtue_n because_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d proper_o desirable_a and_o attain_v by_o real_a election_n simplicius_n here_o in_o imitation_n of_o plato_n who_o he_o much_o follow_v assert_v 1_o that_o the_o moral_a goodness_n of_o human_a act_n depend_v on_o the_o purity_n and_o goodness_n of_o the_o wil._n 2_o that_o moral_a good_a be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d virtue_n because_o most_o eligible_a which_o derivation_n he_o borrow_v from_o plato_n what_o virtue_n proper_o be_v and_o how_o it_o dispose_v the_o will_n to_o what_o be_v moral_o good_a will_v hereafter_o §_o 4._o and_o sect_n 3._o §_o
〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n virtue_n have_v for_o its_o rule_n a_o decorum_n or_o that_o which_o be_v most_o convenient_a i.e._n agreeable_a or_o conformable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n hence_o 3_o this_o conformity_n be_v style_v by_o plato_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d symmetry_n and_o symphony_n all_o these_o notion_n aristotle_n comprehend_v under_o his_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d mediocrity_n of_o which_o more_o full_o b._n 4._o c._n 1._o §_o 30._o and_o philos_n general_n p._n 2._o l._n 1._o c._n 1._o sect_n 4._o §_o 4._o other_o place_v the_o form_n of_o moral_a good_a in_o the_o mode_n or_o manner_n of_o do_v namely_o that_o it_o be_v do_v well_o do_v how_o the_o form_n of_o good_a consist_v in_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d well_o do_v and_o we_o find_v some_o foundation_n for_o this_o hypothesis_n in_o plato_n theaetetus_n pag._n 187._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v better_a to_o a_o little_a well_o than_o much_o ill_a where_o he_o seem_v to_o make_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o wâ—l_n do_v the_o form_n and_o measure_n of_o good_a so_o aristotle_n eth._n lib._n 2._o cap._n 3._o pag._n 83._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n he_o therefore_o shall_v be_v a_o grammarian_n who_o do_v what_o be_v grammatic_a grammatical_o i.e._n according_a to_o rule_n of_o grammar_n but_o yet_o he_o add_v by_o way_n of_o caution_n that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o welldoing_a of_o art_n be_v not_o the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o virtue_n for_o the_o perfection_n of_o art_n be_v include_v in_o themselves_o without_o regard_n to_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o artificer_n but_o the_o perfection_n of_o virtue_n require_v that_o the_o subject_n be_v so_o and_o so_o qualify_v and_o then_o he_o conclude_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d he_o be_v a_o righteous_a and_o temperate_a man_n not_o that_o do_v those_o thing_n but_o do_v they_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o righteous_a and_o sober_a man_n do_v they_o i.e._n rightcous_o and_o sober_o hence_o that_o vulgar_a effate_n that_o good_a work_n be_v to_o be_v judge_v by_o adverbes_n for_o all_o must_v be_v do_v with_o those_o adverbial_a condition_n of_o sacred_a philosophy_n tit._n 2.12_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d sober_o and_o righteous_o and_o pious_o this_o be_v in_o a_o peculiar_a manner_n true_a of_o good_a action_n where_o the_o matter_n be_v indifferent_a because_o such_o have_v no_o goodness_n at_o all_o but_o what_o be_v from_o the_o adverb_n so_o that_o it_o suffice_v not_o that_o the_o act_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d good_a but_o it_o must_v have_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o right_a manner_n of_o be_v do_v and_o herein_o according_a to_o some_o the_o form_n of_o its_o goodness_n do_v consist_v even_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o it_o and_o any_o defect_n herein_o will_v render_v the_o action_n evil_a according_a to_o those_o scholastic_a maxim_n the_o form_n give_v be_v and_o any_o omission_n or_o defect_n therein_o give_v millitie_n as_o to_o moral_a good_n so_o in_o the_o canon_n law_n they_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o form_n must_v be_v precise_o and_o punctual_o observe_v and_o indeed_o this_o notion_n of_o the_o form_n of_o moral_a good_a amount_n to_o the_o same_o with_o the_o former_a and_o must_v be_v resolve_v thereinto_o for_o a_o moral_a act_n may_v be_v say_v then_o to_o have_v its_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o bene_fw-la factum_fw-la well_o do_v when_o it_o be_v in_o all_o point_n exact_o conformable_a to_o the_o moral_a law_n for_o all_o moral_a good_a be_v a_o relation_n of_o conformity_n with_o the_o rule_n of_o moral_n but_o the_o least_o privation_n thereof_o be_v sin_n but_o good_n how_o far_o circumstance_n formalise_v moral_a good_n to_o descend_v to_o particular_n a_o human_a act_n be_v then_o conformable_a to_o the_o law_n and_o well_o do_v when_o it_o be_v not_o only_o good_a for_o the_o matter_n but_o also_o clothe_v with_o all_o those_o circumstance_n which_o necessary_o attend_v its_o moral_a goodness_n the_o particular_a form_n of_o moral_a good_a consist_v much_o in_o the_o circumstance_n that_o attend_v it_o the_o circumstance_n oft_o formalise_v and_o specisie_v the_o act_n make_v it_o good_a or_o evil_n sometime_o they_o only_o make_v it_o better_o or_o worse_o but_o the_o circumstance_n have_v the_o great_a sway_n in_o thing_n indifferent_a where_o the_o manner_n of_o do_v do_v chief_o specify_v the_o act._n we_o find_v the_o circumstance_n of_o human_a act_n well_o express_v by_o aristotle_n eth._n l._n 2._o c._n 5._o virtue_n say_v he_o consist_v in_o the_o well_o do_v of_o thing_n for_o we_o may_v fear_v trust_v desire_v hate_v despise_v be_v angry_a pity_n rejoice_v and_o grieve_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d not_o due_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o true_o to_o be_v move_v with_o these_o affection_n when_o and_o in_o what_o thing_n and_o towards_o who_o and_o for_o what_o end_n and_o in_o that_o manner_n as_o we_o ought_v this_o be_v the_o golden_a mean_n and_o that_o which_o be_v best_a wherein_o virtue_n consist_v whence_o also_o aristotle_n eth._n lib._n 3._o cap._n 10._o art_n 5._o pag._n 160._o assure_v we_o that_o a_o defect_n in_o any_o one_o circumstance_n render_v a_o act_n evil_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o sin_n may_v be_v commit_v some_o when_o that_o be_v do_v that_o ought_v not_o other_o when_o not_o as_o it_o ought_v other_o because_o not_o at_o that_o time_n when_o it_o ought_v or_o the_o like_a thence_o art_n 10._o he_o add_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o a_o valiant_a man_n suffer_v and_o act_n according_a to_o the_o dignity_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o when_o and_o in_o that_o manner_n as_o reason_v or_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n dictate_v thus_o we_o see_v how_o plato_n and_o aristotle_n require_v to_o the_o constitution_n of_o moral_a good_a not_o only_o a_o right_a mater_fw-la but_o that_o it_o be_v clothe_v with_o all_o due_a circumstance_n whereby_o it_o may_v be_v render_v conformable_a to_o the_o law_n as_o to_o manner_n this_o hypothesis_n have_v be_v general_o maintain_v among_o the_o more_o sound_a schoolman_n thus_o aquinas_n 1.2_o quaest_n 7._o art_n 2._o a_o circumstance_n be_v a_o condition_n or_o accident_n of_o a_o human_a act_n which_o touch_v it_o extrinsecal_o and_o see_v human_a act_n be_v dispose_v towards_o their_o last_o end_n by_o circumstance_n the_o contemplation_n hereof_o great_o concern_v theologue_n for_o a_o theologue_n consider_v human_a act_n as_o a_o man_n be_v thereby_o ordain_v to_o beatitnde_v now_o whatever_o be_v ordain_v to_o a_o end_n ought_v to_o be_v proportionate_a thereto_o but_o act_n be_v render_v proportionable_a to_o their_o end_n by_o a_o certain_a commensuration_n which_o they_o receive_v from_o due_a circumstance_n whence_o the_o consideration_n of_o circumstance_n chief_o belong_v to_o a_o theologue_n what_o these_o circumstance_n be_v he_o add_v art_n 3._o in_o human_a act_n who_o do_v it_o by_o what_o aide_n or_o instrument_n what_o why_o how_o when_o and_o abour_n what_o he_o do_v it_o be_v to_o be_v inquire_v into_o some_o explain_v these_o circumstance_n thus_o 1_o quis_fw-la who_o must_v not_o be_v take_v for_o the_o efficient_a cause_n but_o for_o his_o condition_n and_o quality_n as_o a_o private_a person_n or_o public_a etc._n etc._n 2_o quid_fw-la what_o must_v not_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o matter_n or_o object_n but_o of_o the_o quality_n thereof_o 3_o neither_o must_v quomodo_n how_o be_v take_v for_o the_o form_n or_o manner_n but_o whether_o it_o be_v do_v open_o or_o secret_o etc._n etc._n greg._n ariminensis_n 2._o sent._n dist_n 38._o quaest_n 1._o art_n 1._o strong_o asserte_n and_o prove_n that_o no_o moral_a act_n want_v its_o due_a circumstance_n be_v moral_o good_a by_o a_o act_n moral_o good_a i_o understand_v say_v he_o no_o other_o according_a to_o the_o doctor_n than_o a_o act_n conform_v to_o right_a reason_n objective_n i.e._n the_o divine_a law_n according_o to_o all_o circumstance_n requisite_a to_o this_o that_o the_o act_n be_v true_o virtuose_fw-la when_o therefore_o a_o moral_a operation_n be_v not_o conform_v to_o right_a reason_n for_o the_o law_n according_o to_o all_o due_a circumstance_n it_o be_v vitiose_fw-la and_o moral_o evil_a this_o his_o hypothesis_n he_o prove_v by_o two_o conclusion_n 1._o conclus_fw-la that_o no_o moral_a act_n want_v any_o one_o due_a circumstance_n be_v true_o virtuose_fw-la this_o he_o prove_v by_o show_v that_o the_o contrary_n imply_v a_o contradiction_n for_o if_o a_o moral_a act_n want_v any_o one_o due_a circumstance_n it_o be_v not_o as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v therefore_o it_o be_v evil_a due_a circumstance_n be_v commun_o say_v to_o be_v such_o thing_n as_o be_v require_v to_o this_o that_o
〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d so_o that_o we_o may_v determine_v that_o those_o thing_n we_o see_v be_v not_o make_v of_o thing_n apparent_a or_o be_v make_v of_o those_o thing_n that_o appear_v not_o i._n e._n all_o the_o visible_a thing_n of_o time_n be_v make_v according_a to_o the_o invisible_a idea_n of_o eternity_n there_o be_v nothing_o extant_a in_o this_o inferior_a sensible_a world_n but_o what_o have_v its_o idea_n in_o the_o superior_a intelligible_a world_n of_o divine_a idea_n thus_o plato_n in_o his_o timaus_n pag._n 28._o treat_v of_o the_o origine_fw-la of_o the_o universe_n say_v god_n in_o the_o frame_n thereof_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d have_v a_o eye_n on_o the_o eternal_a exemplar_n or_o idea_n which_o as_o a_o seal_n impress_v its_o similitude_n on_o allthing_n make_v whence_o that_o commun_n say_v among_o the_o platoniste_n grosseteste_a plato_n ideas_n vocar_n ex_fw-la quibus_fw-la omne_fw-la quaecunque_fw-la videmus_fw-la fiunt_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la quas_fw-la cuncta_fw-la formantur_fw-la grosseteste_a this_o universe_n be_v but_o the_o imitamen_fw-la of_o the_o divine_a mind_n that_o by_o plato_n idea_n we_o be_v to_o understand_v the_o divine_a decree_n as_o the_o exemplar_n of_o allthing_n future_a robert_n grosseteste_a that_o great_a impugnator_n of_o the_o papal_a tyranny_n in_o his_o acute_a tractate_n de_fw-fr libero_fw-la arbitrio_fw-la which_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o mss._n in_o exeter_n college_n library_n oxon._n prove_v out_o of_o augustin_n super_fw-la gen._n augustin_n say_v plato_n call_v ideas_n those_o by_o which_o allthing_n we_o see_v be_v make_v and_o according_a to_o which_o allthing_n be_v form_v these_o be_v immortal_a immutable_a invariable_a hear_v what_o a_o idea_n be_v according_a to_o plato_n a_o idea_n be_v of_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v necessary_a it_o be_v a_o eternal_a exemplar_n such_o infinite_a exemplar_n the_o nature_n of_o thing_n of_o man_n of_o tree_n of_o fish_n etc._n etc._n have_v according_a to_o which_o whatever_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v be_v express_v these_o exemplar_n of_o allthing_n god_n have_v in_o himself_o and_o thereby_o contain_v in_o his_o mind_n the_o number_n and_o mode_n of_o allthing_n that_o be_v to_o be_v make_v or_o do_v he_o be_v sul_z of_o these_o figure_n or_o form_n which_o plato_n call_v idea_n immortal_a invariable_a infatigable_a these_o idea_n in_o the_o divine_a mind_n plato_n in_o his_o parmenides_n pag._n 134_o etc._n etc._n discourse_v more_o full_o of_o and_o the_o sum_n of_o all_o his_o philosophemes_n about_o they_o be_v this_o that_o these_o idea_n be_v most_o simple_a immaterial_a eternal_a infinite_a and_o immutable_a etc._n etc._n as_o we_o have_v more_o full_o explicate_v and_o demonstrate_v court_n gent._n p._n 2._o c._n 9_o §_o 4._o &_o philos_n gen._n p._n 1._o l._n 1._o c._n 2._o sect_n 5._o §_o 3._o &_o l._n 3._o c._n 2._o sect_n 1._o §_o 2._o &_o c._n 4._o sect_n 1._o §_o 9_o thus_o we_o see_v how_o god_n contemplate_v and_o know_v allthing_n in_o the_o glass_n of_o his_o own_o divine_a essence_n and_o idea_n creature_n how_o the_o divine_a idea_n represent_v the_o creature_n not_o as_o if_o the_o divine_a idea_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v as_o a_o formal_a concept_n but_o only_o as_o objective_n whence_o they_o be_v proper_o style_v by_o plato_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o exemplar_n which_o always_o import_v a_o objective_a concept_n according_a to_o which_o this_o or_o that_o be_v frame_v thus_o also_o bradwardine_n de_fw-fr caus_n dei_fw-la l._n 1._o c._n 19_o pag._n 225._o thing_n understand_v by_o god_n move_v the_o divine_a intellect_n not_o proper_o but_o only_o metaphorical_o or_o objectively_o because_o the_o idea_n and_o similitude_n thereof_o be_v in_o god_n i._n e._n his_o divine_a essence_n which_o most_o distinct_o represente_v all_o inteligibles_n and_o because_o god_n have_v all_o these_o idea_n and_o similitude_n from_o himself_o only_o and_o not_o from_o the_o thing_n understand_v which_o be_v posterior_n he_o be_v not_o say_v to_o be_v move_v by_o they_o to_o understand_v but_o very_o metaphorical_o and_o less_o proper_o thing_n future_a be_v according_a to_o their_o proper_a existence_n present_a unto_o god_n yet_o not_o simple_o but_o in_o some_o respect_n only_o namely_o in_o the_o divine_a will_n and_o prescience_n so_o aquinas_n assure_v we_o that_o the_o essence_n of_o god_n as_o understand_v by_o god_n be_v the_o idea_n of_o thing_n the_o essence_n of_o god_n albeit_o it_o do_v not_o formal_o contain_v thing_n create_v by_o a_o formal_a convenience_n and_o similitude_n yet_o it_o do_v contain_v they_o according_a to_o their_o formal_a representation_n the_o very_a essence_n of_o god_n be_v the_o objective_a exemplar_n of_o understanding_n himself_o as_o also_o of_o understand_v the_o creature_n the_o divine_a essence_n represente_v allthing_n according_a to_o their_o proper_a reason_n which_o reason_n of_o thing_n in_o god_n be_v the_o very_a creatrix_n essence_n which_o be_v the_o exemplary_a representation_n of_o all_o essence_n as_o the_o sufficience_n of_o god_n be_v of_o all_o thing_n possible_a and_o the_o will_n of_o allthing_n future_a the_o divine_a essence_n which_o represente_v allthing_n as_o a_o exemplar_n directe_v the_o operation_n of_o god_n in_o produce_v the_o exemplates_n or_o thing_n form_v according_a thereunto_o for_o there_o be_v something_o in_o god_n that_o correspondes_fw-la to_o all_o the_o perfection_n of_o creature_n not_o as_o if_o there_o be_v a_o formal_a similitude_n between_o the_o idea_n and_o ideate_n but_o there_o be_v something_o formal_o exist_v in_o god_n that_o represente_v all_o the_o perfection_n of_o creature_n thus_o all_o the_o creature_n be_v in_o the_o divine_a mind_n representative_o albeit_o they_o be_v not_o as_o to_o their_o own_o formal_a essence_n real_o the_o same_o therewith_o some_o over_o and_o above_o this_o representation_n make_v these_o divine_a idea_n to_o be_v also_o energetic_a and_o operative_a cause_n of_o thing_n but_o this_o must_v be_v understand_v 1_o either_o as_o they_o be_v conjunct_a with_o the_o divine_a will_n which_o be_v the_o prime_n efficient_a of_o allthing_n or_o 2_o not_o of_o a_o proper_a efficience_n but_o only_o exemplary_a for_o a_o idea_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o a_o artificer_n albeit_o it_o work_v not_o as_o a_o proper_a efficient_a cause_n yet_o it_o do_v work_v as_o a_o exemplary_a cause_n which_o be_v reduce_v to_o the_o efficient_a thus_o the_o divine_a idea_n may_v be_v say_v to_o operate_v as_o they_o be_v the_o grand_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d exemplar_n according_a to_o which_o the_o divine_a wisdom_n directe_v itself_o in_o the_o production_n conservation_n and_o disposition_n of_o allthing_n these_o idea_n as_o be_v hint_v be_v either_o of_o thing_n mere_o possible_a and_o so_o they_o be_v represent_v by_o the_o divine_a sufficience_n or_o essence_n naked_o consider_v and_o belong_v to_o the_o simple_a intelligence_n of_o god_n or_o else_o they_o be_v of_o thing_n future_a and_o so_o they_o be_v represent_v by_o the_o divine_a will_n which_o be_v the_o efficient_a of_o allthing_n future_a for_o look_v as_o a_o artificer_n have_v a_o idea_n of_o his_o work_n so_o god_n contemplate_v in_o his_o own_o will_v the_o original_a exemplar_n of_o allthing_n future_a as_o plato_n timeus_n pag._n 28._o one_o and_o the_o same_o knowledge_n of_o god_n receive_v diverse_a denomination_n according_a to_o the_o various_a state_n of_o the_o thing_n know_v for_o if_o the_o thing_n know_v be_v only_o possible_a than_o god_n contemplate_v they_o in_o his_o divine_a essence_n but_o if_o they_o be_v future_a present_a or_o past_a than_o he_o contemplate_v they_o in_o the_o determination_n and_o decree_n of_o his_o wil._n hence_o god_n by_o mean_n of_o these_o his_o divine_a idea_n the_o original_n universal_a and_o perfect_a exemplar_n of_o allthing_n have_v the_o most_o perfect_a comprehension_n of_o allthing_n whether_o possible_a or_o future_a past_a or_o present_a complexe_n or_o simple_a necessary_a or_o contingent_a absolute_a or_o conditionate_n the_o mode_n of_o god_n science_n in_o the_o general_a be_v thus_o explicate_v science_n particular_a character_n of_o god_n science_n we_o hence_o may_v draw_v several_a particular_a essential_a and_o proper_a character_n thereof_o simple_a 1._o most_o simple_a as_o 1._o hence_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o divine_a science_n be_v but_o one_o simple_a act_n without_o the_o least_o shadow_n of_o composition_n or_o division_n god_n science_n have_v one_o and_o the_o same_o idea_n with_o his_o essence_n it_o thence_o necessary_o follow_v that_o in_o god_n the_o intellect_n intelligible_a species_n object_n understand_v and_o act_n of_o intellection_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o the_o divine_a essence_n be_v a_o spiritual_a light_n most_o intelligible_a and_o most_o intelligent_a of_o itself_o and_o allthing_n else_o in_o the_o most_o simple_a manner_n hence_o plato_n make_v his_o divine_a
of_o our_o understanding_n be_v mutable_a because_o dependent_a on_o extern_a object_n and_o medium_n but_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o divine_a understanding_n immutable_a and_o therefore_o the_o measure_n of_o all_o truth_n as_o aquinas_n well_o note_n this_o be_v incomparable_o well_o illustrate_v by_o bradwardine_n l._n 1._o c._n 24._o pag._n 244._o god_n say_v he_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o most_o infinite_a claritie_n comprehende_v allthing_n and_o all_o particle_n of_o time_n as_o they_o be_v most_o true_o in_o himself_o for_o he_o need_v not_o comparation_n or_o relation_n of_o thing_n past_a or_o future_a to_o the_o present_a instant_n according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o our_o human_a infirmity_n but_o he_o understande_v allthing_n together_o and_o most_o clear_o by_o his_o own_o essence_n and_o will_n which_o represence_n allthing_n uniform_o and_o invariable_o as_o if_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o immobile_a eye_n in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o heaven_n which_o shall_v see_v by_o extramission_n and_o active_o as_o god_n see_v it_o will_v then_o always_o see_v uniform_o without_o all_o mutation_n every_o part_n of_o the_o heaven_n turn_v round_o and_o the_o same_o part_n now_o in_o the_o east_n and_o anon_o in_o the_o south_n and_o then_o in_o the_o west_n thus_o god_n in_o like_a manner_n see_v all_o variable_a object_n and_o part_n of_o time_n with_o their_o distinct_a vicissitude_n and_o succession_n without_o the_o least_o variation_n or_o succession_n because_o he_o see_v allthing_n not_o passive_o by_o species_n and_o impression_n receive_v from_o the_o thing_n themselves_o but_o active_o in_o his_o own_o essence_n and_o will_n the_o active_a principe_n of_o al._n we_o poor_a mortal_n by_o reason_n of_o our_o infirmity_n can_v distinct_o apprehend_v all_o the_o particle_n of_o time_n always_o fluent_a and_o succeed_v each_o other_o and_o therefore_o we_o take_v the_o present_a instant_n which_o of_o all_o time_n be_v most_o actual_a and_o best_a know_v to_o we_o and_o make_v it_o the_o measure_n of_o past_a present_a and_o future_a time_n whence_o our_o knowledge_n also_o be_v successive_a and_o mutable_a but_o god_n who_o know_v allthing_n in_o his_o own_o eternity_n be_v not_o liable_a to_o such_o succession_n and_o mutation_n his_o science_n be_v a_o pure_a necessary_a act_n must_v needs_o be_v immutable_a and_o invariable_a albeit_o it_o terminate_v on_o object_n in_o themselves_o most_o mutable_a and_o variable_a the_o mutation_n of_o the_o object_n make_v no_o mutation_n in_o the_o divine_a science_n because_o the_o mutable_a object_n be_v only_o the_o secundary_a object_n of_o god_n knowledge_n the_o primary_n object_n be_v the_o divine_a essence_n which_o be_v immutable_a and_o therefore_o the_o divine_a science_n such_o also_o shall_v god_n knowledge_n depend_v on_o the_o object_n know_v than_o it_o will_v be_v mutable_a as_o they_o be_v but_o not_o otherwise_o god_n necessary_o know_v every_o entity_n both_o actual_a and_o potential_a wherefore_o 1_o he_o can_v never_o know_v any_o thing_n that_o he_o be_v ever_o ignorant_a of_o 2_o he_o can_v never_o be_v ignorant_a of_o what_o he_o ever_o know_v 3_o he_o can_v know_v more_o of_o few_o thing_n than_o he_o know_v 4_o he_o can_v begin_v to_o know_v what_o he_o before_o know_v not_o or_o not_o to_o know_v what_o before_o he_o know_v because_o nothing_o begin_v to_o be_v future_a this_o immutabilitie_n of_o the_o divine_a science_n as_o to_o thing_n future_a arise_v from_o the_o determination_n of_o his_o own_o sovereign_a will_n and_o not_o from_o any_o thing_n in_o the_o object_n be_v nervose_o demonstrate_v by_o pious_a and_o learned_a robert_n grosseteste_a bishop_n of_o lincoln_n in_o his_o elaborate_a mss._n de_fw-fr libero_fw-la arbitrio_fw-la which_o lie_v bury_v in_o exeter_n college_n library_n oxon._n wherein_o he_o copiose_o demonstrate_v that_o the_o cause_n origines_fw-la and_o reason_n of_o allthing_n future_a though_o in_o themselves_o never_o so_o instable_n be_v most_o stable_a immutable_a necessary_a yea_o eternal_a in_o the_o divine_a decree_n and_o will_n whence_o also_o the_o divine_a science_n be_v most_o certain_a necessary_a and_o immutable_a this_o he_o confirm_v by_o plato_n idea_n which_o be_v immutable_a and_o invariable_a exemplar_n of_o allthing_n future_a as_o before_o that_o the_o divine_a science_n be_v immutable_a and_o necessary_a so_o greg._n ariminens_n sent._n l._n 1._o dist_n 39_o pag._n 130_o 140._o hence_o 4._o the_o divine_a science_n be_v most_o certain_a and_o infallible_a certain_a 4._o divine_a science_n most_o certain_a thus_o plato_n repub._n 2._o pag._n 382._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n i_o judge_v no_o mortal_a will_v be_v real_o willing_a both_o to_o deceive_v and_o be_v deceive_v or_o to_o be_v ignorant_a of_o supreme_a being_n much_o less_o god_n the_o science_n of_o god_n be_v necessary_a ad_fw-la immutable_a it_o can_v but_o be_v most_o certain_a and_o infallible_a to_o know_v thing_n certain_o be_v to_o know_v they_o in_o their_o cause_n now_o god_n will_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o allthing_n he_o thence_o know_v they_o perfect_o god_n science_n be_v as_o certain_a as_o the_o future_a event_n for_o where_o there_o be_v a_o determinate_a effect_n there_o must_v be_v a_o determinate_a cause_n and_o where_o the_o cause_n be_v determinate_a there_o the_o science_n also_o may_v be_v determinate_a the_o knowledge_n of_o thing_n future_a in_o god_n be_v as_o certain_a as_o the_o knowledge_n of_o thing_n present_a for_o every_o future_a compare_v to_o god_n the_o first_o cause_n and_o his_o science_n be_v necessary_a and_o necessary_o future_a albeit_o as_o compare_v to_o the_o second_o cause_n some_o effect_n may_v be_v contingent_a or_o contingent_o future_a the_o primary_n object_n of_o the_o divine_a science_n be_v infinite_o perfect_a namely_o the_o divine_a essence_n it_o can_v but_o be_v most_o certain_a and_o infallible_a if_o there_o be_v any_o certainty_n and_o infallibility_n in_o human_a science_n how_o much_o more_o in_o divine_a science_n which_o penetrate_v all_o essence_n and_o truth_n with_o the_o most_o perfect_a light_n and_o most_o simple_a intuition_n contemplate_v every_o be_v and_o truth_n as_o it_o be_v in_o itself_o in_o the_o glass_n of_o the_o divine_a essence_n the_o divine_a intellect_n see_v allthing_n as_o existent_a in_o themselves_o by_o the_o infinite_a light_n of_o the_o divine_a essence_n and_o therefore_o most_o certain_o and_o infallible_o as_o esa_n 40.13_o 14._o hence_o 5._o the_o dâ—â—â—â—e_a science_n be_v absolute_a and_o independent_a not_o conditionate_n and_o dependent_a on_o any_o create_v object_n thus_o plato_n dependent_a 5._o god_n science_n absolute_a and_o in_o dependent_a in_o his_o parmenides_n pag._n 134_o etc._n etc._n make_v his_o divine_a idea_n to_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d self-subsistent_a and_o independent_a as_o to_o all_o extern_a object_n and_o condition_n for_o otherwise_o say_v he_o god_n shall_v not_o have_v a_o certain_a knowledge_n of_o and_o sovereign_a dominion_n over_o human_a affair_n it_o be_v impossible_a that_o any_o effect_n shall_v be_v or_o be_v understand_v as_o future_a in_o any_o case_n but_o dependent_o on_o its_o efficient_a cause_n now_o what_o be_v the_o first_o and_o universal_a essicient_a of_o all_o effect_n but_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o divine_a will_n on_o which_o every_o effect_n depend_v more_o than_o on_o its_o proxime_fw-la cause_n therefore_o as_o nothing_o be_v antecedent_n to_o the_o divine_a will_n so_o no_o hypothesis_n or_o condition_n be_v cognoscible_a or_o knowable_a antecedent_o thereto_o god_n knowledge_n as_o it_o depend_v not_o on_o the_o existence_n of_o create_a object_n so_o neither_o on_o any_o hypothesis_n or_o condition_n that_o be_v appendent_a unto_o such_o object_n place_v in_o such_o circumstance_n for_o all_o future_n whether_o absolute_a or_o conditionate_n be_v know_v by_o god_n not_o from_o the_o determination_n of_o second_o cause_n but_o from_o the_o determinatin_n of_o the_o divine_a will_n which_o be_v the_o first_o cause_n for_o whence_o spring_v the_o futurition_n of_o thing_n but_o from_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o divine_a will_n and_o must_v not_o then_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o divine_a will_v be_v precedent_n to_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o second_o cause_o and_o if_o so_o may_v we_o not_o then_o hence_o conclude_v that_o god_n science_n arise_v from_o the_o determination_n of_o his_o own_o will_n depend_v not_o on_o the_o existence_n of_o or_o any_o condition_n that_o belong_v to_o future_a object_n if_o the_o divine_a essence_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o independent_a must_v not_o the_o divine_a science_n which_o be_v identify_v therewith_o be_v also_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o independent_a or_o if_o the_o divine_a science_n shall_v depend_v on_o the_o mutable_a condition_n of_o its_o object_n can_v it_o be_v any_o other_o than_o conjectural_a where_o any_o science_n depend_v on_o its_o
christ_n be_v bring_v in_o as_o the_o meritorious_a antecedent_n cause_n of_o our_o adoption_n but_o as_o a_o effect_n and_o consequent_a of_o election_n for_o so_o much_o the_o particle_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o denote_v namely_o that_o christ_n as_o mediator_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o predestination_n or_o election_n but_o the_o cause_n of_o our_o adoption_n this_o be_v strong_o argue_v by_o augustin_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr praedestinatione_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la and_o sure_o if_o the_o merit_n of_o christ_n have_v no_o causal_n influence_n on_o the_o will_n of_o god_n much_o less_o can_v man_n faith_n or_o merit_v influence_n the_o same_o thence_o he_o add_v according_a to_o the_o good_a pleasure_n of_o his_o will_n which_o argue_v the_o independence_n of_o his_o wil._n thus_o we_o see_v how_o god_n will_v christ_n and_o faith_n for_o the_o salvation_n of_o the_o elect_n and_o yet_o do_v not_o will_v the_o salvation_n of_o the_o elect_a for_o christ_n and_o faith_n as_o the_o move_a cause_n of_o his_o will_n which_o be_v most_o independent_a so_o god_n will_v both_o the_o mean_n and_o the_o end_n and_o the_o mean_n for_o the_o end_n yet_o he_o do_v not_o for_o the_o end_n will_v the_o mean_n as_o if_o the_o end_n do_v move_v he_o to_o will_v the_o mean_n for_o in_o god_n the_o volition_n of_o one_o thing_n be_v not_o the_o cause_n of_o his_o willing_a another_z because_o there_o can_v no_o efficience_n of_o cause_n on_o effect_n or_o dependence_n of_o effect_n on_o the_o cause_n be_v affirm_v of_o the_o divine_a will_n which_o be_v but_o one_o simple_a indivisible_a act_n both_o as_o to_o end_v and_o mean_n and_o therefore_o neither_o one_o nor_o tother_o can_v be_v say_v to_o move_v or_o influence_n the_o divine_a will_n albeit_o the_o same_o divine_a will_n do_v will_v a_o causal_a connexion_n between_o the_o thing_n will_v in_o which_o regard_n scholastic_a theologue_n assign_v reason_n of_o the_o divine_a will_n affirm_v that_o the_o passive_a attingence_n of_o the_o divine_a will_n in_o respect_n of_o one_o thing_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o its_o passive_a attingence_n in_o regard_n of_o another_o thing_n albeit_o neither_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o divine_a will_n i._n e._n to_o speak_v native_o and_o proper_o god_n will_v that_o one_o thing_n shall_v depend_v on_o another_o yet_o the_o divine_a will_n neither_o depend_v on_o nor_o be_v move_v by_o either_o god_n sovereign_a independent_a will_n be_v full_a of_o reason_n as_o to_o the_o admirable_a dependence_n of_o the_o thing_n will_v according_a to_o their_o subordination_n yet_o there_o may_v not_o be_v the_o least_o reason_n or_o shadow_n of_o reason_n assign_v as_o the_o cause_n or_o motive_n of_o the_o divine_a wil._n thus_o ephes_n 1.11_o 11._o ephes_n 1.9_o 11._o who_o work_v allthing_n according_a to_o the_o counsel_n of_o his_o wil._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d there_o be_v the_o high_a counsel_n and_o wisdom_n in_o the_o divine_a will_n and_o yet_o no_o reason_n or_o cause_n can_v be_v assign_v of_o it_o so_o v._n 9_o have_v make_v know_v to_o we_o the_o mystery_n of_o his_o will_n according_a to_o his_o good_a pleasure_n which_o he_o have_v purpose_v in_o himself_o the_o divine_a will_n be_v here_o say_v to_o be_v 1_o full_a of_o mysterious_a wisdom_n whereof_o no_o reason_n can_v be_v assign_v without_o itself_o thence_o 2_o it_o be_v style_v good_a pleasure_n which_o denote_v its_o soveraintie_n and_o independence_n hence_o 3_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o itself_o i_o e._n no_o reason_n or_o cause_n extrinsec_fw-la to_o itself_o can_v be_v assign_v thereof_o though_o it_o be_v full_a of_o mysterious_a wisdom_n and_o sublime_a reason_n yet_o they_o be_v all_o within_o itself_o that_o there_o can_v no_o cause_n either_o physic_n or_o moral_n legal_a or_o final_a be_v assign_v of_o the_o divine_a will_n be_v evident_a 1_o because_o the_o divine_a will_n be_v one_o simple_a pure_a act_n and_o therefore_o not_o capable_a of_o any_o passion_n impression_n and_o causalitie_n from_o any_o extrinsec_fw-la object_n 2_o because_o allthing_n else_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o divine_a will_n and_o therefore_o can_v be_v the_o cause_n thereof_o because_o the_o same_o thing_n can_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o itself_o 3_o because_o the_o divine_a will_n be_v eternal_a but_o allthing_n else_o of_o finite_a duration_n and_o be_v it_o possible_a that_o what_o be_v temporal_a and_o finite_a shall_v influence_n what_o be_v eternal_a and_o infinite_a that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o cause_n of_o the_o divine_a will_n see_v aquinas_n part._n 1._o quaest_n 19_o art_n 5._o &_o contra_fw-la gent._n lib._n 1._o cap._n 87._o hence_o 4._o prop._n the_o divine_a will_n it_o immutable_a immutable_a the_o divine_a will_n immutable_a this_o immutabilitie_n of_o the_o divine_a will_n arise_v from_o the_o independence_n simplicity_n and_o immutabilitie_n of_o the_o divine_a essence_n with_o which_o it_o have_v a_o essential_a connexion_n yea_o identity_n plato_n discourse_v accurate_o of_o the_o immutabilitie_n of_o the_o divine_a will_n both_o in_o his_o philosophemes_n of_o divine_a idea_n as_o also_o in_o his_o phaedo_fw-la pag._n 78._o where_o he_o prove_v that_o the_o divine_a essence_n and_o will_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n one_o uniform_a be_v which_o existe_v of_o itself_o and_o be_v always_o the_o same_o without_o the_o least_o degree_n of_o mutation_n etc._n etc._n of_o which_o more_o full_o before_o in_o god_n immutabilitie_n cap._n 4._o §_o 5._o but_o this_o immutabilitie_n of_o the_o divine_a will_n be_v more_o clear_o illustrate_v and_o demonstrate_v in_o sacred_a philosophy_n thus_o psal_n 33.10_o 11._o psal_n 33.10_o 11._o the_o lord_n bring_v the_o counsel_n of_o the_o heathen_a to_o nought_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d he_o have_v infringe_v dissipate_v make_v void_a from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o break_v thence_o it_o follow_v he_o make_v the_o device_n of_o the_o people_n of_o none_o effect_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d he_o have_v break_v from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o break_v proper_o the_o mind_n or_o purpose_n the_o divine_a will_n delight_v to_o break_v and_o dash_v in_o piece_n the_o strong_a resolution_n and_o most_o fix_a purpose_n of_o proud_a man_n but_o than_o follow_v the_o immutabilitie_n of_o the_o divine_a will_n v._o 11._o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o lord_n stand_v for_o ever_o the_o thought_n of_o his_o heart_n to_o all_o generation_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o fix_a counsel_n or_o determinate_a purpose_n of_o jehovah_n stand_v for_o ever_o i._n e._n be_v inviolable_a and_o immutable_a this_o verse_n contain_v the_o antithese_n of_o the_o precedent_n whereby_o david_n teach_v we_o that_o the_o divine_a will_n make_v void_a the_o proud_a will_n of_o man_n but_o no_o human_a will_n can_v frustrate_v or_o alter_v the_o divine_a will_n as_o job_n 12.13_o 14._o thus_o psal_n 119.89_o for_o ever_o o_o lord_n thy_o word_n be_v settle_v in_o heaven_n 119.89_o psal_n 119.89_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v fix_v establish_v r._n ezora_n understande_v this_o of_o the_o decree_n or_o purpose_n of_o the_o divine_a will_n which_o be_v firm_a establish_v and_o immutable_a so_o malach._n 3.6_o i_o be_o the_o lord_n i_o change_v not_o therefore_o the_o son_n of_o jacob_n be_v not_o consume_v i_o change_v not_o this_o regard_v the_o will_n of_o god_n as_o well_o as_o his_o essence_n so_o much_o the_o subsequent_a inference_n import_v for_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o son_n of_o jacob_n be_v not_o consume_v must_v be_v resolve_v into_o the_o immutable_a will_n of_o god_n as_o the_o original_a cause_n it_o be_v true_a the_o thing_n will_v by_o god_n be_v oft_o under_o mutation_n and_o god_n will_v those_o mutation_n but_o with_o a_o immutable_a will_n the_o mutation_n reach_v not_o the_o will_n of_o god_n but_o only_o the_o thing_n will_v by_o god_n who_o will_v this_o thing_n shall_v be_v now_o and_o the_o contrary_a afterward_o without_o the_o least_o alteration_n in_o his_o wil._n a_o will_n be_v then_o say_v to_o be_v change_v when_o any_o begin_v to_o will_v that_o which_o he_o before_o nill_v or_o to_o nil_fw-la that_o which_o he_o before_o will_v which_o can_v be_v suppose_v to_o happen_v but_o in_o case_n of_o some_o mutation_n in_o knowledge_n or_o disposition_n but_o neither_o of_o these_o can_v be_v affirm_v of_o god_n 1_o god_n be_v infinite_o wise_a and_o foresee_v all_o contingence_n circumstance_n and_o accident_n that_o may_v happen_v and_o therefore_o can_v alter_v his_o thought_n or_o purpose_n for_o want_n of_o wisdom_n as_o we_o poor_a mortal_n frequent_o do_v 2_o god_n disposition_n towards_o all_o object_n be_v ever_o the_o same_o 3_o the_o human_a will_n be_v obnexious_a to_o mutation_n from_o impotence_n and_o want_n of_o power_n to_o accomplish_v what_o
say_v by_o plato_n always_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o play_v the_o geometer_n i._n e._n to_o measure_n out_o to_o allthing_n their_o just_a essence_n virtue_n perfection_n and_o limit_n for_o geometry_n according_a to_o its_o primary_n notation_n and_o use_n among_o the_o egyptian_n from_o who_o plato_n borrow_v the_o notion_n signify_v to_o measure_v the_o bound_n and_o term_n of_o land_n and_o it_o be_v most_o apposite_o apply_v by_o plato_n to_o the_o divine_a will_n as_o it_o give_v measure_n and_o term_n to_o allthing_n 3_o the_o divine_a will_n be_v most_o perfect_a effective_o effective_o 3._o effective_o as_o it_o be_v the_o efficacious_a efficient_a of_o all_o effect_n of_o which_o hereafter_o in_o the_o divine_a causalitie_n where_o we_o hope_v full_o to_o demonstrate_v that_o the_o divine_a will_n be_v the_o prime_n efficient_a and_o efficacious_a cause_n of_o all_o effect_n the_o perfection_n of_o the_o divine_a will_n may_v be_v demonstrate_v either_o absolute_o or_o comparative_o as_o compare_v with_o the_o human_a wil._n 1_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o divine_a will_n absolute_o so_o its_o perfection_n may_v be_v demonstrate_v from_o its_o simplicity_n pure_a actuality_n eternity_n immutabilitie_n omnipotence_n etc._n etc._n as_o before_o 2_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o divine_a will_n relative_o or_o comparative_o as_o compare_v with_o a_o create_v human_a or_o angelic_a will_n so_o its_o perfection_n appear_v 1_o in_o this_o that_o the_o divine_a will_n give_v all_o bonitie_n and_o goodness_n to_o thing_n whereas_o every_o create_v will_n presuppose_v goodness_n in_o thing_n that_o it_o will_v every_o create_v will_n depend_v on_o because_o it_o be_v move_v by_o the_o goodness_n of_o its_o object_n but_o every_o create_v good_a depend_v on_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o divine_a wil._n hence_o there_o can_v be_v assign_v no_o cause_n of_o the_o divine_a will_n but_o what_o be_v in_o itself_o whereas_o every_o create_v will_n have_v a_o formal_a reason_n cause_n and_o motive_n without_o itself_o whereby_o it_o be_v move_v and_o influence_v 2_o in_o the_o human_a will_v the_o volition_n of_o the_o end_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o its_o willing_a the_o mean_n but_o in_o the_o divine_a will_n both_o end_n and_o mean_n be_v will_v by_o one_o simple_a indivisible_a pure_a act._n 3_o in_o man_n will_n volition_n and_o nolition_n be_v distinct_a act_n not_o to_o will_v in_o man_n imply_v a_o negation_n or_o suspension_n of_o the_o will_v act_v but_o in_o god_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o pure_a actuality_n of_o his_o nature_n nolition_n and_o volition_n be_v the_o same_o we_o may_v not_o imagine_v that_o the_o divine_a will_n be_v capable_a of_o any_o suspension_n or_o negation_n of_o act_n but_o whatever_o he_o will_v not_o that_o it_o be_v that_o he_o will_v that_o it_o be_v not_o also_o whatever_o he_o will_v not_o that_o it_o be_v not_o that_o he_o will_v that_o it_o be_v 4_o man_n will_v be_v circumscribe_v and_o limit_v by_o justice_n he_o may_v not_o will_v but_o what_o be_v just_a but_o god_n will_v be_v not_o circumscribe_v by_o any_o law_n of_o justice_n he_o do_v not_o will_n thing_n because_o just_a but_o they_o be_v therefore_o just_a because_o he_o will_v they_o fiat_fw-la quicquid_fw-la deus_fw-la non_fw-la vult_fw-la ut_fw-la fiat_fw-la illud_fw-la etiam_fw-la vult_fw-la ut_fw-la non_fw-la fiat_fw-la item_n quicquid_fw-la non_fw-la vult_fw-la ut_fw-la non_fw-la fiat_fw-la id_fw-la ipsum_fw-la etiam_fw-la vult_fw-la ut_fw-la fiat_fw-la 5_o man_n will_v be_v limit_v as_o to_o the_o sphere_n of_o its_o activity_n he_o will_v what_o he_o do_v but_o he_o can_v do_v all_o that_o he_o will_v term_n of_o essence_n suppose_v term_n of_o power_n and_o activity_n but_o god_n do_v not_o only_a will_n what_o he_o do_v but_o also_o do_v what_o he_o will_v his_o power_n be_v as_o extensive_a as_o his_o will_n he_o can_v do_v what_o he_o will_v his_o will_n be_v omnipotent_a because_o the_o same_o with_o his_o essence_n as_o psal_n 115.3_o 8._o prop._n the_o divine_a will_n be_v most_o free_a free_a the_o divine_a will_n most_o free_a liberty_n be_v one_o of_o the_o supreme_a perfection_n that_o belong_v to_o a_o intelligent_a rational_a creature_n it_o may_v not_o be_v deny_v to_o the_o divine_a wil._n yea_o nothing_o else_o can_v be_v free_a if_o the_o divine_a will_n be_v not_o free_a because_o this_o be_v the_o first_o principe_n of_o all_o liberty_n as_o take_v away_o the_o first_o cause_n you_o also_o destroy_v all_o second_o cause_n so_o take_v away_o liberty_n from_o the_o divine_a will_n you_o take_v it_o away_o also_o from_o all_o create_v will_n liberty_n in_o the_o divine_a will_n be_v absolute_a precedent_n and_o regulant_a liberty_n in_o the_o human_a will_n be_v conditionate_n subsequent_a and_o regulate_v the_o first_o in_o every_o kind_n be_v the_o measure_n of_o all_o in_o that_o kind_n now_o the_o divine_a liberty_n be_v the_o first_o in_o that_o kind_n and_o therefore_o the_o grand_a exemplar_n of_o all_o create_v liberty_n the_o most_o perfect_a cause_n must_v necessary_o have_v the_o most_o perfect_a mode_n of_o act_v but_o now_o god_n be_v the_o most_o perfect_a cause_n therefore_o he_o must_v have_v the_o most_o perfect_a mode_n of_o act_v which_o be_v to_o act_v free_o yea_o the_o divine_a will_n be_v so_o infinite_o free_a as_o that_o it_o be_v move_v by_o nothing_o without_o itself_o it_o have_v not_o so_o much_o as_o a_o end_n extrinsec_fw-la to_o its_o own_o bonitie_n whereby_o it_o be_v move_v which_o kind_n of_o independent_a liberty_n no_o create_v will_n may_v challenge_v for_o every_o create_v will_n as_o it_o have_v a_o first_o cause_n whereby_o it_o be_v move_v physical_o so_o a_o last_o end_n whereby_o it_o be_v move_v moral_o but_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o divine_a will_n be_v independent_a in_o both_o these_o regard_n and_o therefore_o most_o supreme_a and_o perfect_a the_o liberty_n of_o the_o divine_a will_n may_v be_v consider_v as_o relate_v to_o the_o operation_n ad_fw-la intra_fw-la or_o to_o those_o ad_fw-la extra_fw-la 1_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o divine_a will_n as_o relate_v to_o the_o operation_n ad_fw-la intra_fw-la be_v only_a concomitant_a not_o antecedent_n for_o all_o the_o operation_n of_o god_n ad_fw-la intra_fw-la i._n e._n such_o as_o terminate_v on_o himself_o namely_o love_v himself_o etc._n etc._n they_o be_v all_o from_o a_o necessity_n of_o nature_n not_o from_o election_n and_o choice_n god_n can_v but_o love_v himself_o he_o necessary_o adhere_v to_o his_o own_o bonitie_n and_o enjoy_v himself_o without_o the_o least_o indifference_n either_o of_o specification_n or_o exercise_n and_o yet_o even_o in_o these_o act_n ad_fw-la intra_fw-la which_o terminate_v on_o the_o divine_a essence_n and_o be_v attend_v with_o a_o natural_a necessity_n the_o divine_a will_n have_v a_o concomitant_a liberty_n or_o divine_a spontaneitie_n which_o be_v sufficient_a to_o denominate_v those_o act_n free_a for_o as_o the_o human_a will_n adhere_v to_o its_o last_o end_n by_o a_o kind_n of_o natural_a necessity_n which_o yet_o be_v attend_v with_o a_o rational_a spontaneitie_n so_o in_o like_a manner_n the_o divine_a will_n adhere_v to_o and_o enjoy_v itself_o by_o a_o natural_a necessity_n and_o yet_o with_o a_o concomitant_a liberty_n or_o divine_a spontaneitie_n this_o be_v well_o express_v by_o jamblichus_n a_o sectator_n of_o plato_n de_fw-fr myster_n egypt_n it_o be_v say_v he_o necessary_a that_o god_n be_v as_o he_o be_v not_o by_o a_o extrinsec_fw-la violent_a necessity_n but_o by_o a_o natural_a and_o most_o voluntary_a see_v he_o never_o will_v be_v other_o than_o he_o be_v here_o we_o see_v the_o high_a necessity_n conspire_v and_o according_a with_o the_o high_a liberty_n 2_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o divine_a will_n as_o relate_v to_o its_o operation_n ad_fw-la extra_fw-la such_o as_o terminate_v on_o the_o creature_n so_o it_o be_v not_o only_o concomitant_a but_o also_o antecedent_n i.e._n the_o divine_a will_n terminate_v on_o the_o creature_n not_o from_o any_o necessity_n of_o nature_n but_o by_o election_n and_o choice_n for_o all_o creature_n as_o refer_v to_o the_o divine_a bonitie_n be_v but_o mean_n wherefore_o the_o divine_a will_n have_v a_o antecedent_n liberty_n either_o for_o the_o elect_n or_o refuse_v of_o they_o this_o some_o call_v liberty_n of_o election_n because_o all_o election_n proper_o regard_v the_o mean_n again_o god_n in_o willing_a his_o own_o bonitie_n necessary_o will_v allthing_n so_o far_o as_o they_o participate_v of_o his_o own_o bonitie_n now_o the_o divine_a bonitie_n be_v infinite_a there_o be_v infinite_a way_n whereby_o the_o creature_n be_v participable_a thereof_o but_o all_o dependent_a on_o the_o election_n and_o determination_n of_o the_o divine_a wil._n last_o if_o the_o divine_a will_n shall_v terminate_v on_o the_o creature_n from_o a_o necessity_n of_o
veracitie_n and_o indeed_o no_o wonder_n see_v it_o be_v the_o great_a spring_n of_o the_o divine_a life_n and_o consolation_n both_o here_o and_o hereafter_o §_o 3._o the_o last_o divine_a attribute_n god_n the_o sanctity_n of_o god_n we_o be_v to_o discourse_v of_o be_v the_o sanctity_n or_o holiness_n of_o god_n whereof_o we_o find_v great_a and_o illustrious_a character_n in_o sacred_a philosophy_n 1_o we_o find_v the_o sanctity_n of_o god_n set_v forth_o in_o scripture_n in_o a_o way_n of_o eminence_n and_o distinction_n from_o all_o create_a sanctity_n 15.11_o exod._n 15.11_o so_o exod._n 15.11_o who_o be_v like_a unto_o thou_o o_o lord_n among_o the_o god_n or_o mighty_a man_n who_o be_v like_a unto_o thou_o gloriose_fw-la in_o holiness_n &_o c_o where_o he_o place_v god_n transcendent_a eminence_n and_o elevation_n above_o all_o creature_n as_o that_o wherein_o his_o essential_a sanctity_n chief_o consist_v and_o indeed_o the_o peerless_a eminence_n of_o god_n sacred_a majesty_n be_v that_o wherein_o his_o sanctity_n chief_o consist_v as_o we_o intend_v anon_o more_o full_o to_o demonstrate_v thus_o 1_o sam._n 2.2_o there_o be_v none_o holy_a as_o the_o lord_n 2.2_o 1_o sam._n 2.2_o for_o there_o be_v none_o beside_o thou_o neither_o be_v there_o any_o rock_n like_o our_o god_n hannah_n here_o as_o moses_n before_o placeth_z the_o sanctity_n of_o god_n in_o his_o supereminence_n above_o all_o creature_n 2_o hence_o god_n be_v frequent_o bring_v in_o as_o a_o object_n of_o divine_a worship_n with_o regard_n to_o his_o holiness_n so_o psal_n 30.4_o give_v thanks_n at_o the_o remembrance_n of_o his_o holiness_n i._n e._n of_o his_o peerless_a eminence_n and_o psal_n 71.22_o unto_o thou_o will_v i_o sing_v with_o the_o harp_n o_o thou_o holy_a one_o of_o israel_n also_o psal_n 92.12_o 92.12_o psal_n 92.12_o and_o give_v thanks_n at_o the_o remembrance_n of_o his_o holiness_n or_o celebrate_v the_o memorial_n of_o his_o holiness_n i._n e._n lift_v up_o his_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o transcendent_a excellence_n again_o psal_n 98.1_o o_o sing_v unto_o the_o lord_n a_o new_a song_n for_o he_o have_v do_v marvellous_a thing_n his_o right_a hand_n and_o his_o holy_a arm_n have_v get_v he_o victory_n his_o holy_a arm_n or_o the_o arm_n of_o his_o holiness_n i._n e._n of_o his_o holy_a power_n so_o much_o above_o all_o other_o power_n the_o like_a psal_n 99.3_o let_v they_o praise_v thy_o great_a and_o terrible_a name_n for_o it_o be_v holy_a also_o v._n 9_o exalt_v the_o lord_n our_o god_n and_o worship_n at_o his_o holy_a hill_n for_o the_o lord_n our_o god_n be_v holy_a the_o like_a v._o 5._o as_o god_n be_v a_o transcendent_a superlative_a majesty_n exalt_v above_o all_o other_o god_n or_o majesty_n as_o exod._n 15.11_o so_o in_o all_o act_n of_o worship_n we_o must_v exalt_v he_o by_o give_v he_o a_o singular_a incommunicable_a peculiar_a worship_n whence_o in_o scripture_n those_o that_o give_v that_o worship_n which_o be_v due_a to_o god_n to_o any_o beside_o he_o or_o in_o conjunction_n with_o he_o by_o way_n of_o object_n either_o mediate_a or_o immediate_a be_v say_v to_o profane_v his_o holy_a name_n ezech._n 20.39_o &_o 43.7_o 8._o because_o god_n holiness_n consist_v in_o a_o superlative_a incommunicable_a majesty_n admit_v no_o corrival_n in_o point_n of_o worship_n hence_o to_o sanctify_v the_o holy_a name_n or_o majesty_n of_o god_n be_v 1_o to_o serve_v and_o glorify_v he_o because_o of_o his_o transcendent_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o eminence_n and_o two_o to_o do_v it_o with_o a_o peculiar_a separate_a incommunicate_v worship_n because_o he_o be_v holy_a and_o separate_a above_o allthing_n else_o not_o to_o do_v the_o former_a be_v irreligion_n profaneness_n and_o atheism_n not_o to_o do_v the_o late_a be_v idolatry_n and_o superstition_n as_o judicious_a mede_n well_o observe_v hence_o 3_o god_n be_v say_v to_o sit_v on_o a_o throne_n of_o holiness_n psal_n 47.8_o god_n sit_v upon_o the_o throne_n of_o his_o holiness_n 47.8_o psal_n 47.8_o allude_v to_o the_o throne_n of_o prince_n which_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o people_n exalt_v and_o lift_v up_o that_o so_o their_o majesty_n may_v appear_v more_o illustrious_a god_n be_v by_o reason_n of_o his_o transcendent_a eminence_n exalt_v infinite_o above_o all_o creature_n he_o be_v therefore_o say_v to_o sit_v on_o the_o throne_n of_o his_o holiness_n 4_o we_o find_v god_n holiness_n in_o a_o most_o eminent_a manner_n and_o with_o emphatic_a character_n proclaim_v by_o such_o as_o have_v any_o view_v of_o god_n thus_o esa_n 6.3_o holy_a holy_a holy_a be_v the_o lord_n of_o host_n so_o rev._n 4.8_o 5_o the_o sanctity_n of_o god_n be_v sometime_o describe_v by_o purity_n 1.13_o hab._n 1.13_o hab._n 1.13_o thou_o be_v of_o pure_a eye_n than_o to_o behold_v evil_a and_o can_v not_o look_v on_o iniquity_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d prae_fw-la videndo_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d here_o be_v comparative_a as_o if_o he_o have_v say_v o_o how_o pure_a be_v thy_o eye_n how_o impossible_a be_v it_o for_o thou_o to_o behold_v sin_n with_o the_o least_o delight_n or_o approbation_n so_o 1_o joh._n 3.3_o as_o he_o be_v pure_a 6_o the_o sanctity_n of_o god_n be_v sometime_o describe_v by_o rectitude_n psal_n 25_o 8._o good_a and_o upright_o be_v the_o lord_n so_o psal_n 92.15_o to_o show_v that_o the_o lord_n be_v upright_o we_o find_v also_o in_o plato_n many_o great_a notice_n of_o the_o sanctity_n of_o god_n conformable_a to_o those_o of_o sacred_a philosophy_n so_o theaetet_fw-la pag._n 176._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d evil_n find_v no_o place_n with_o god_n again_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d god_n be_v in_o no_o manner_n unrighteous_a but_o as_o it_o seem_v most_o righteous_a so_o repub._n 2._o pag._n 379._o he_o say_v that_o in_o theology_n we_o shall_v use_v such_o module_n as_o come_v near_o to_o the_o nature_n of_o god_n and_o demonstrate_v what_o god_n be_v thus_o we_o must_v constant_o ascribe_v to_o god_n thing_n consentaneous_a to_o his_o nature_n whence_o he_o subjoin_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d must_v we_o not_o determine_v then_o that_o god_n be_v indeed_o good_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o no_o good_a be_v noxious_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o that_o which_o hurt_v not_o do_v it_o do_v any_o evil_a no_o sure_o whence_o he_o conclude_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d good_a therefore_o be_v not_o the_o cause_n of_o allthing_n but_o of_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v good_a it_o be_v the_o cause_n but_o of_o evil_n it_o be_v not_o the_o cause_n i._n e._n god_n be_v the_o first_o cause_n and_o author_n of_o all_o natural_a and_o moral_a good_a but_o as_o for_o moral_a evil_n he_o be_v not_o the_o author_n or_o cause_n thereof_o as_o it_o be_v evil_a because_o moral_a evil_n as_o such_o have_v no_o efficient_a cause_n but_o only_o deficient_a thence_o he_o add_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o good_a thing_n we_o must_v own_v no_o principal_a cause_n but_o god_n but_o as_o for_o evil_n we_o must_v inquire_v after_o some_o other_o cause_n of_o they_o for_o god_n must_v not_o be_v estimed_a the_o cause_n of_o they_o his_o mind_n be_v that_o god_n must_v be_v own_v as_o the_o cause_n of_o all_o good_a both_o natural_a and_o moral_a yea_o of_o the_o materia_fw-la substrata_fw-la or_o the_o material_a entity_n of_o sin_n which_o be_v a_o natural_a good_a but_o as_o for_o the_o proper_a moral_a cause_n of_o sin_n as_o sin_n be_v a_o deordination_n or_o difformitie_n from_o the_o divine_a law_n that_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o sinner_n for_o god_n must_v not_o be_v think_v to_o be_v the_o author_n or_o moral_a cause_n of_o sin_n this_o he_o far_a explain_v p._n 380._o either_o we_o must_v not_o at_o all_o attribute_n evil_n to_o god_n or_o if_o we_o do_v it_o must_v be_v in_o that_o manner_n as_o before_o namely_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d we_o must_v say_v that_o god_n have_v act_v well_o and_o just_o and_o have_v inflict_v those_o punishment_n on_o they_o that_o thereby_o he_o may_v bring_v some_o profit_n wherein_o he_o inform_v we_o that_o god_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o penal_a evil_n not_o as_o evil_n but_o as_o conduce_v to_o good_a whence_o he_o conclude_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n that_o god_n who_o be_v good_a shall_v be_v the_o author_n or_o moral_a cause_n of_o evil_a to_o any_o this_o we_o must_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o contention_n refute_v and_o not_o suffer_v any_o in_o the_o city_n to_o speak_v or_o hear_v such_o thing_n plato_n strong_o asserte_n that_o god_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o principal_a cause_n of_o all_o good_a but_o not_o of_o sin_n as_o sin_n i._n e._n he_o neither_o command_v invite_v
encourage_v nor_o by_o any_o other_o moral_a causalitie_n produce_v sin_n albeit_o god_n do_v concur_v to_o the_o material_a act_n or_o physic_n entity_n of_o sin_n which_o be_v natural_o good_a yet_o he_o do_v not_o at_o all_o concur_v to_o the_o moral_a production_n obliquity_n or_o deordination_n of_o sin_n which_o have_v indeed_o no_o real_a efficient_a cause_n but_o only_o deficient_a according_a to_o that_o of_o proclus_n there_o be_v no_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d idea_n of_o moral_a evil_n but_o the_o more_o distinct_o and_o yet_o concise_o to_o explicate_v the_o sanctity_n of_o god_n we_o be_v to_o know_v that_o his_o original_a essential_a and_o absolute_a holiness_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o incommunicable_a superlative_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o supereminence_n of_o his_o divine_a majesty_n as_o separate_v from_o allthing_n else_o for_o all_o sanctity_n and_o all_o the_o notion_n thereof_o special_o grecanic_n and_o hebraic_n imply_v separation_n and_o discretion_n whence_o the_o sacred_a majesty_n of_o god_n be_v in_o regard_n of_o its_o infinite_a perfection_n and_o dignity_n infinite_o exalt_v above_o all_o being_n and_n dignity_n whatsoever_o it_o must_v necessary_o be_v the_o prime_a sanctity_n yea_o holiness_n be_v so_o far_o appropriate_v to_o the_o first_o be_v as_o that_o the_o heathen_n ascribe_v a_o fictitious_a sanctity_n and_o eminence_n to_o all_o their_o spurious_a deity_n whereby_o they_o general_o acknowlege_v that_o the_o prime_a holiness_n belong_v only_o to_o the_o first_o be_v it_o be_v true_a good_a angel_n and_o man_n be_v holy_a by_o participation_n and_o derivation_n but_o they_o be_v not_o holiness_n in_o the_o abstract_n this_o appertain_v only_o to_o he_o prime_a original_a essential_a holiness_n who_o be_v infinite_o separate_v from_o all_o other_o dignity_n and_o eminence_n in_o who_o all_o holiness_n be_v in_o the_o abstract_n and_o essential_o from_o who_o also_o all_o holiness_n flow_v as_o from_o the_o source_n and_o spring_n §_o 4._o we_o find_v in_o plato_n not_o only_o character_n of_o the_o divine_a essence_n and_o attribute_n trinity_n platonic_a philosophemes_n of_o the_o trinity_n but_o also_o some_o dark_a notice_n of_o the_o trinity_n which_o i_o no_o way_n doubt_v be_v original_o traduce_v from_o the_o sacred_a fountain_n of_o hebraic_n philosophy_n we_o have_v plato_n sentiment_n about_o a_o trinity_n mention_v more_o express_o in_o his_o sectator_n plotinus_n porphyry_n jamblichus_n and_o proclus_n and_o the_o whole_a be_v well_o explicate_v by_o cyril_n alexandr_n contra_fw-la jul._n l._n 1._o p._n 34._o edit_fw-la paris_n 1638._o thus_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o porphyry_n expound_v the_o sentiment_n of_o plato_n say_v that_o the_o essence_n of_o god_n proceed_v even_o to_o three_o hypostasis_n but_o that_o the_o supreme_a god_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o supreme_a good_a and_o that_o after_o he_o the_o second_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o prime_a opificer_n or_o creator_n moreover_o that_o the_o three_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o mundane_a soul_n or_o universal_a spirit_n for_o the_o divinity_n extend_v itself_o to_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o universe_n this_o platonic_a trinity_n cyril_n refute_v as_o that_o which_o give_v spawn_n and_o seed_n to_o arianism_n as_o hereafter_o i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o learned_a cudworth_n in_o his_o new_a book_n against_o atheism_n b._n 1._o c._n 4._o §_o 34._o p._n 590_o etc._n etc._n endeavour_n to_o apologise_v for_o this_o platonic_a trinity_n and_o reconcile_v it_o with_o the_o christian_a yet_o he_o ingenuous_o acknowledge_v pag._n 580_o and_o 601_o etc._n etc._n that_o the_o most_o refine_a platonic_a trinity_n suppose_v a_o essential_a dependence_n and_o subordination_n of_o the_o second_o hypostasis_fw-la to_o the_o first_o and_o of_o the_o three_o to_o the_o second_o yea_o he_o grant_v that_o the_o platonist_n general_o hold_v these_o three_o hypostasis_n to_o be_v three_o distinct_a god_n as_o in_o what_o follow_v i_o conceive_v those_o endeavour_n to_o reconcile_v the_o christian_n trinity_n with_o the_o platonic_a to_o be_v of_o most_o dangerous_a consequence_n and_o that_o which_o prove_v origen_n peste_n as_o part._n 3._o b._n 2._o c._n 1._o §_o 8._o the_o chief_a place_n i_o find_v in_o plato_n wherein_o he_o give_v we_o some_o dark_a adumbration_n of_o a_o trinity_n be_v epist_n 6._o p._n 323._o let_v this_o law_n be_v constitute_v by_o you_o and_o confirm_v by_o a_o oath_n not_o without_o obte_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d both_o god_n the_o imperator_fw-la of_o allthing_n both_o which_o be_v and_o which_o shall_v be_v and_o the_o father_n of_o that_o imperator_n and_o cause_n who_o indeed_o if_o we_o true_o philosophise_v we_o shall_v all_o distinct_o know_v so_o far_o as_o that_o knowledge_n may_v fall_v within_o the_o power_n of_o bless_a man_n this_o description_n of_o god_n clemens_n alexandrinus_n and_o other_o interpret_v of_o god_n the_o father_n and_o god_n the_o son_n who_o be_v indeed_o the_o imperator_fw-la of_o allthing_n we_o find_v also_o in_o plato_n epinom_n mention_v of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o elsewhere_o of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o they_o attribute_v to_o the_o second_o person_n in_o the_o trinity_n whence_o the_o poet_n make_v minerva_n to_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o mind_n of_o jupiter_n or_o his_o wisdom_n produce_v out_o of_o his_o head_n without_o mother_n as_o the_o true_a messiah_n be_v style_v by_o the_o hebrew_n the_o wisdom_n of_o god_n without_o mother_n plotinus_n ennead_n 5_o lib._n 1._o philosophise_v copiose_o of_o this_o platonic_a trinity_n the_o title_n of_o which_o book_n run_v thus_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o three_o principal_a or_o causal_a hypostasis_n and_o he_o begin_v cap._n 2._o with_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o mundane_a soul_n its_o dignity_n and_o office_n and_o ennead_n 5._o l._n 5._o c._n 3._o speak_v of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d mind_n the_o second_o hypostasis_fw-la in_o the_o platonic_a trinity_n he_o say_v that_o he_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o second_o god_n and_o en._n 5._o l._n 1._o c._n 7._o p._n 489._o he_o say_v that_o this_o second_o god_n the_o first_o mind_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n be_v now_o beget_v by_o the_o first_o god_n beget_v also_o all_o entity_n with_o himself_o namely_o the_o whole_a pulchritude_n of_o idea_n which_o be_v all_o intellectile_a go_n furthermore_o we_o must_v conceive_v that_o this_o beget_v mind_v be_v full_a of_o allthing_n beget_v by_o he_o and_o do_v as_o it_o be_v swallow_v up_o allthing_n beget_v thence_o he_o add_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o the_o progeny_n of_o this_o mind_n be_v a_o certain_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o hypostasis_fw-la consist_v in_o cogitation_n etc._n etc._n proclus_n in_o plat._n timae_fw-la p._n 93._o call_v this_o platonic_a trinity_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o tradition_n of_o the_o three_o god_n and_o he_o make_v according_a to_o numenius_n the_o first_o god_n to_o be_v the_o grandfather_n the_o second_o to_o be_v the_o son_n the_o third_z to_o be_v the_o grandson_n i._n e._n the_o second_o god_n to_o be_v beget_v by_o the_o first_o and_o the_o three_o by_o the_o second_o porphyry_n also_o explicate_v plato_n mind_n call_v god_n the_o creator_n of_o allthing_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o pattern_n mind_n who_o also_o make_v three_o subsistence_n in_o the_o essence_n of_o the_o divinity_n the_o first_o he_o call_v the_o supreme_a god_n the_o second_o the_o creator_n the_o three_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o universe_n the_o like_a jamblichus_n his_o scholar_n concern_v the_o egyptian_a mystery_n the_o first_o god_n the_o prime_n be_v the_o father_n of_o god_n who_o he_o beget_v remain_v in_o his_o solitary_a unity_n etc._n etc._n and_o plotinus_n write_v a_o book_n of_o the_o three_o person_n or_o subsistence_n whereof_o the_o first_o he_o make_v to_o be_v the_o supreme_a eternal_a be_v who_o generate_v the_o second_o namely_o the_o eternal_a and_o perfect_a mind_n as_o before_o so_o in_o his_o book_n of_o providence_n he_o say_v that_o allthing_n be_v frame_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o the_o divine_a mind_n thus_o plato_n in_o his_o phaedo_fw-la say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o divine_a mind_n be_v the_o framer_n and_o cause_n of_o allthing_n that_o these_o platonic_a philosophemes_n be_v the_o seminary_n of_o arianisme_n we_o have_v endeavour_v to_o demonstrate_v part._n 3._o l._n 2._o c._n 1._o §_o 9_o and_o this_o be_v well_o observe_v by_o cyril_n contra_fw-la jul._n l._n 1._o p._n 34._o edit_fw-la paris_n 1638._o where_n speak_v of_o plato_n and_o his_o trinity_n he_o say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d true_o he_o contemplate_v not_o the_o whole_a right_o but_o in_o
principe_fw-la durandus_n objection_n answer_v divine_a concourse_n as_o to_o the_o human_a will_n and_o all_o create_v object_n god_n concourse_n principal_a how_o second_o cause_n be_v instrument_n divine_a concourse_n as_o to_o its_o principe_n the_o same_o with_o the_o divine_a wil._n no_o executive_a power_n in_o god_n distinct_a from_o his_o wil._n the_o divine_a will_n of_o itself_o omnipotent_a and_o operative_a god_n concourse_n 1_o immediate_a both_o as_o to_o the_o second_o cause_n its_o act_n and_o effect_v 2_o independent_a 3_o previous_a 4_o total_a 5_o particular_a 6_o efficacious_a 7_o connatural_a §_o 1._o have_v explicate_v the_o divine_a nature_n and_o attribute_n allthing_n god_n the_o first_o cause_n of_o allthing_n we_o now_o descend_v to_o the_o explication_n of_o the_o divine_a causalitie_n and_o efficience_n which_o proper_o belong_v to_o metaphysic_n or_o prme_a philosophy_n thence_o sapience_n which_o take_v in_o the_o generic_a notion_n of_o metaphysic_n according_a to_o aristotle_n consist_v in_o the_o contemplation_n not_o only_o of_o most_o excellent_a being_n but_o also_o of_o the_o prime_a cause_n of_o allthing_n that_o god_n be_v the_o prime_a cause_n of_o allthing_n not_o only_o sacred_a but_o also_o platonic_a philosophy_n do_v assure_v we_o as_o for_o sacred_a philosophy_n it_o give_v frequent_a and_o great_a demonstration_n of_o our_o hypothesis_n thus_o esa_n 66.2_o for_o all_o these_o thing_n have_v my_o hand_n make_v and_o all_o those_o thing_n have_v be_v so_o psal_n 104.24_o of_o which_o more_o in_o god_n creation_n plato_n also_o have_v leave_v we_o great_a notice_n of_o god_n prime_a causalitie_n and_o efficience_n so_o in_o his_o phaedo_fw-la pag._n 96._o he_o demonstrate_v how_o great_a the_o ignorance_n and_o folly_n of_o such_o be_v who_o whole_o busy_a their_o thought_n in_o the_o contemplation_n of_o second_o cause_n but_o neglect_v to_o inquire_v after_o and_o into_o the_o first_o cause_n who_o be_v not_o only_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o principal_a supreme_a cause_n but_o also_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o cause_n of_o cause_n whereas_o all_o second_o cause_n be_v only_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d concause_n and_o instrument_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n thence_o pag._n 97._o he_o add_v but_o when_o i_o sometime_o hear_v some_o one_o read_v and_o relaet_v out_o of_o a_o certain_a book_n as_o he_o say_v of_o anaxagoras_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n that_o the_o divine_a mind_n do_v orderly_o dispose_v and_o govern_v allthing_n and_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o allthing_n i_o be_v indeed_o great_o recreate_v with_o this_o cause_n and_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v right_o determine_v namely_o that_o the_o divine_a mind_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o allthing_n and_o thus_o i_o reason_v with_o myself_o if_o it_o be_v so_o that_o the_o gubernatrix_fw-la and_o dispositrix_fw-la mind_n do_v thus_o dispose_v allthing_n it_o do_v therefore_o place_v each_o particular_a in_o that_o place_n where_o it_o may_v be_v best_a constitute_v if_o therefore_o any_o one_o be_v willing_a to_o inquire_v after_o and_o into_o the_o cause_n of_o every_o thing_n both_o of_o its_o existence_n and_o corruption_n he_o must_v also_o inquire_v in_o what_o regard_n it_o may_v be_v best_a either_o as_o to_o be_v or_o as_o to_o suffering_n or_o do_v any_o other_o thing_n upon_o this_o account_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o needful_a for_o man_n to_o inquire_v after_o either_o concern_v himself_o or_o other_o thing_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d than_o what_o be_v best_a and_o most_o excellent_a for_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o such_o a_o one_o also_o know_v what_o be_v worst_a because_o the_o science_n of_o these_o thing_n be_v the_o same_o when_o i_o ponder_v these_o thing_n in_o my_o mind_n i_o much_o please_v myself_o in_o this_o that_o i_o have_v get_v a_o master_n who_o will_v instruct_v i_o in_o the_o cause_n of_o thing_n according_a to_o my_o own_o mind_n namely_o anaxagoras_n in_o these_o great_a philosophemes_n of_o socrates_n we_o have_v these_o observables_n 1_o these_o contemplation_n about_o the_o first_o cause_n be_v some_o of_o his_o die_a thought_n and_o therefore_o such_o as_o his_o mind_n be_v most_o intent_n on_o 2_o he_o greedy_o imbibe_v and_o close_v with_o that_o great_a tradition_n of_o anaxagoras_n derive_v original_o from_o sacred_a philosophy_n that_o the_o divine_a mind_n be_v the_o first_o cause_n of_o allthing_n 3_o that_o the_o divine_a mind_n dispose_v order_v and_o govern_v allthing_n in_o the_o best_a manner_n 4_o that_o he_o who_o will_v inquire_v into_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o must_v have_v his_o eye_n on_o those_o two_o the_o matter_n and_o efficient_a for_o plato_n make_v but_o two_o principes_fw-la of_o thing_n the_o mater_n out_o of_o which_o thing_n be_v make_v and_o the_o efficient_a that_o form_v the_o matter_n into_o shape_n or_o that_o particular_a form_n or_o essence_n this_o efficient_a he_o elsewhere_o style_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d idea_n make_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o idea_n and_o matter_n the_o two_o principes_fw-la of_o allthing_n so_o the_o stoic_n make_v two_o principes_fw-la of_o allthing_n the_o efficient_a and_o patient_a plato_n sometime_o make_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d efficient_a and_o cause_v term_n synonymous_a so_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o efficient_a precede_v and_o the_o effect_n follow_v 5_o that_o as_o to_o efficient_n we_o must_v always_o inquire_v after_o the_o best_a and_o most_o excellent_a namely_o god_n the_o first_o cause_n for_o he_o that_o know_v the_o best_a i._n e._n god_n may_v easy_o know_v the_o worst_a i._n e._n second_o cause_n so_o plato_n leg._n 4._o p._n 715._o make_v god_n to_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o principe_n and_o end_n of_o allthing_n thus_o in_o his_o sophista_fw-la pag._n 265._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d namely_o do_v nature_n by_o the_o force_n of_o some_o casual_a fortuitous_a cause_n without_o the_o efficacitie_n of_o the_o divine_a mind_n produce_v these_o thing_n or_o on_o the_o contrary_a shall_v we_o not_o determine_v that_o these_o thing_n have_v their_o existence_n with_o divine_a wisdom_n and_o science_n from_o god_n wherein_o note_v 1_o that_o he_o lay_v down_o a_o hypothesis_n contrary_a to_o that_o of_o leucippus_n and_o democritus_n that_o thing_n existe_v not_o by_o the_o casual_a fortuitous_a confluxe_n of_o atom_n 2_o that_o allthing_n existe_v by_o the_o divine_a mind_n hence_o 3_o that_o allthing_n be_v frame_v and_o dispose_v in_o the_o best_a order_n with_o the_o high_a wisdom_n 4_o he_o make_v mention_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o word_n which_o some_o will_v understand_v of_o the_o second_o person_n in_o the_o trinity_n but_o i_o shall_v rather_o take_v it_o here_o for_o wisdom_n as_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d must_v be_v understand_v of_o science_n the_o like_a in_o his_o theaetetus_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d we_o must_v remember_v that_o nothing_o can_v be_v of_o itself_o therefore_o allthing_n be_v from_o some_o first_o cause_n of_o which_o more_o full_o before_o c._n 2._o §_o 2._o so_o repub._n 6._o he_o make_v god_n to_o be_v the_o first_o cause_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d give_v essence_n to_o allthing_n for_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d every_o thing_n receive_v essence_n from_o the_o efformative_a word_n of_o the_o great_a opificer_n again_o repub_fw-la 2._o pag._n 379._o he_o say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o of_o good_a thing_n there_o be_v no_o other_o supreme_a cause_n to_o be_v acknowledge_v beside_o god_n so_o pag._n 380._o he_o prove_v that_o god_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o all_o good_a whether_o natural_a or_o moral_a and_o epist_n pag._n 312._o he_o express_o say_v that_o god_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o cause_n of_o allthing_n good_a or_o beautiful_a thus_o damascene_fw-la out_o of_o dionysius_n areopagita_n who_o do_v much_o platonise_n orthod_n fid._n l._n 1._o c._n 15._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n god_n be_v the_o cause_n and_o principe_fw-la of_o allthing_n the_o essence_n of_o being_n the_o life_n of_o thing_n live_v the_o reason_n of_o thing_n rational_a the_o intellect_n of_o thing_n intellectile_a the_o restitution_n and_o resurrection_n of_o they_o that_o fall_n from_o he_o but_o of_o those_o thing_n that_o natural_o perish_v the_o renovation_n and_o reformation_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v move_v with_o a_o strong_a impetuositie_n the_o great_a confirmation_n of_o such_o thing_n as_o stand_v the_o stability_n of_o those_o thing_n that_o ascend_v up_o to_o he_o the_o way_n and_o reductive_a manuduction_n thence_o he_o add_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o illuminate_v the_o splendour_n the_o perfection_n of_o the_o perfect_a the_o deification_n of_o the_o deify_v the_o peace_n of_o the_o discordant_a the_o simplicity_n of_o the_o
which_o may_v be_v of_o more_o public_a use_n to_o foreign_a nation_n but_o only_o touch_v brief_o on_o such_o argument_n as_o may_v confirm_v my_o own_o hypothesis_n with_o brief_a solution_n of_o the_o contrary_a objection_n that_o god_n concourse_n be_v not_o mere_o conservative_n of_o the_o principe_n virtue_n and_o force_n of_o second_o cause_n without_o any_o influence_n on_o the_o act_n be_v evident_a 1_o because_o subordination_n and_o dependence_n of_o second_o cause_n on_o the_o first_o not_o only_o for_o their_o being_n and_o virtue_n with_o the_o conservation_n thereof_o but_o also_o in_o their_o act_n and_o cause_v do_v formal_o appertain_v to_o the_o essential_a reason_n and_o constitution_n of_o a_o creature_n as_o such_o for_o the_o dependence_n of_o a_o creature_n on_o god_n not_o only_o in_o be_v but_o also_o in_o operation_n be_v not_o extrinsee_v to_o its_o essence_n but_o involve_v in_o the_o very_a intrinsec_fw-fr limitation_n thereof_o as_o suarez_n strong_o argue_v metaph._n disp_n 31._o §_o 14._o hence_o god_n by_o his_o absolute_a power_n can_v make_v a_o creature_n which_o shall_v be_v independent_a and_o not_o subordinate_a to_o he_o in_o operation_n for_o this_o imply_v a_o contradiction_n namely_o that_o a_o creature_n shall_v be_v and_o shall_v not_o be_v a_o creature_n for_o if_o it_o depend_v not_o on_o god_n in_o all_o its_o operation_n it_o be_v not_o a_o creature_n 2_o if_o the_o create_a will_n can_v subsist_v of_o itself_o and_o maintain_v its_o own_o virtue_n and_o force_n much_o less_o can_v it_o act_n of_o itself_o or_o by_o its_o own_o power_n the_o force_n of_o this_o argument_n lie_v in_o this_o if_o the_o create_v will_n can_v of_o itself_o conserve_v its_o own_o act_n in_o be_v when_o it_o be_v produce_v how_o be_v it_o possible_a that_o it_o shall_v produce_v the_o same_o of_o itself_o yea_o be_v not_o the_o very_a conservation_n of_o a_o act_n in_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o production_n thereof_o do_v not_o divine_n say_v that_o conservation_n be_v but_o continue_a creation_n how_o then_o can_v the_o will_v produce_v its_o own_o act_n of_o itself_o if_o it_o can_v of_o itself_o conserve_v the_o same_o or_o why_o may_v it_o not_o as_o well_o conserve_v its_o be_v and_o virtue_n as_o conserve_v its_o act_n of_o itself_o if_o we_o then_o as_o durandus_fw-la do_v allow_v god_n the_o conservation_n of_o the_o be_v principe_n and_o virtue_n must_v we_o not_o then_o also_o allow_v he_o by_o a_o parity_n of_o reason_n the_o conservation_n of_o the_o act_n and_o if_o the_o conservation_n of_o the_o act_n why_o not_o also_o the_o production_n thereof_o this_o argument_n be_v well_o manage_v by_o bradwardine_n l._n 2._o c._n 24._o and_o 32._o 3_o whatever_o be_v independent_a in_o act_v must_v also_o necessary_o be_v so_o in_o be_v for_o term_n of_o essence_n always_o bring_v with_o they_o term_n or_o bound_n of_o activity_n a_o limit_a cause_n necessary_o be_v limit_v in_o its_o operation_n and_o where_o there_o be_v limit_n and_o term_n there_o must_v be_v subordination_n and_o dependence_n nothing_o can_v operate_v of_o itself_o independent_o as_o to_o all_o superior_a cause_n but_o what_o have_v be_v in_o and_o from_o itself_o for_o operation_n and_o its_o limitation_n always_o follow_v essence_n and_o its_o limitation_n as_o aristotle_n assure_v we_o 4_o what_o ever_o be_v variable_a and_o mutable_a necessary_o depend_v on_o somewhat_o that_o be_v invariable_a and_o immutable_a but_o every_o act_n of_o a_o create_v will_n be_v variable_a and_o mutable_a therefore_o dependent_a on_o the_o immutable_a first_o cause_n see_v more_o full_o suarez_n metaph._n disput_fw-la 22._o sect._n 1_o hurtado_n de_fw-fr mendoza_n phys_n disput_fw-la 10._o sect._n 10._o §_o 17._o but_o here_o it_o be_v object_v by_o durandus_fw-la and_o his_o sectator_n answer_v durandus_n objection_n answer_v 1._o that_o this_o destroy_v human_a liberty_n etc._n etc._n this_o objection_n be_v full_o answer_v in_o what_o precede_v of_o the_o will_n liberty_n part._n 2._o b._n 3._o c._n 9_o sect_n 3._o §_o 11_o 12._o and_o b._n 4._o c._n 1._o §_o 28._o also_o philosoph_n general_n p._n 1._o l._n 3._o c._n 3._o sect_n 2._o §_o 8_o 9_o where_o we_o full_o demonstrate_v that_o the_o necessary_a concourse_n of_o god_n be_v so_o far_o from_o destroy_v human_a liberty_n that_o it_o do_v confirm_v and_o promove_v the_o same_o in_o that_o it_o produce_v not_o only_o the_o act_n but_o its_o mode_n also_o determine_v the_o will_n to_o act_v free_o 2_o durandus_fw-la objecte_n that_o god_n can_v enable_v the_o second_o cause_n to_o produce_v its_o effect_n without_o the_o concourse_n of_o any_o other_o as_o it_o be_v manifest_a in_o the_o motion_n of_o a_o stone_n in_o the_o air_n which_o will_v move_v downward_o without_o a_o concourse_n to_o which_o we_o reply_v 1_o that_o this_o supposition_n be_v not_o to_o be_v suppose_v for_o as_o the_o concourse_n of_o god_n be_v necessary_o require_v to_o conserve_v the_o be_v and_o virtue_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n so_o also_o as_o to_o its_o motion_n neither_o be_v it_o more_o repugnant_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o stone_n to_o conserve_v itself_o than_o to_o move_v itself_o on_o supposition_n that_o the_o divine_a concourse_n be_v abstract_v 2_o suarez_n well_o respondes_fw-la that_o it_o involve_v a_o repugnance_n and_o contradiction_n to_o suppose_v the_o creature_n potent_a or_o able_a to_o act_v independent_o as_o to_o the_o creator_n concourse_n and_o the_o contradiction_n arise_v both_o on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n as_o also_o of_o the_o effect_n which_o be_v both_o being_n by_o participation_n essential_o depend_v on_o the_o first_o cause_n and_o god_n may_v as_o well_o make_v a_o be_v independent_a in_o essence_n as_o a_o agent_n independent_a in_o act_v both_o be_v equal_o repugnant_a to_o the_o perfection_n of_o god_n and_o imperfection_n or_o limitation_n of_o the_o creature_n 3_o durandus_fw-la objecte_n that_o it_o can_v be_v that_o two_o agent_n shall_v immediate_o concur_v to_o the_o same_o action_n unless_o both_o be_v only_o partial_a and_o imperfect_a agent_n the_o solution_n of_o this_o objection_n will_v be_v more_o complete_o manifest_a when_o we_o come_v to_o treat_v of_o the_o immediation_n of_o the_o divine_a concourse_n §_o 4._o 1._o prop._n at_o present_a let_v it_o suffice_v 1_o that_o where_n total_a cause_n differ_v in_o kind_n it_o be_v no_o impediment_n or_o obstruction_n to_o either_o that_o both_o act_n immediate_o in_o their_o kind_n for_o the_o whole_a effect_n be_v total_o produce_v by_o each_o 2_o that_o it_o imply_v no_o imperfection_n in_o god_n to_o act_v immediate_o in_o and_o with_o the_o second_o cause_n because_o it_o be_v not_o from_o any_o insufficience_n or_o indigence_n that_o he_o make_v use_v of_o the_o creature_n but_o only_o from_o the_o immensity_n of_o his_o divine_a bounty_n that_o he_o communicate_v a_o virtue_n to_o the_o second_o cause_n and_o together_o therewith_o produce_v the_o effect_n 4_o but_o the_o main_a objection_n of_o durandus_fw-la and_o his_o sectator_n be_v take_v from_o sinful_a act_n unto_o which_o if_o god_n immediate_o concur_v what_o god_n concourse_n to_o the_o substrate_a matter_n of_o sin_n what_o he_o can_v but_o be_v the_o author_n of_o sin_n 1_o this_o objection_n albeit_o it_o may_v seem_v to_o favour_v the_o divine_a sanctity_n yet_o it_o real_o destroy_v the_o same_o in_o that_o it_o subvertes_o the_o sacred_a majesty_n his_o essence_n and_o independence_n as_o the_o first_o cause_n wherein_o his_o essental_a holiness_n do_v consist_v as_o before_o 2_o we_o easy_o grant_v that_o god_n be_v the_o cause_n only_o of_o good_a not_o of_o moral_a evil_a as_o such_o as_o before_z c._n 6._o §_o 3._o out_o of_o plato_n for_o indeed_o moral_a evil_a as_o such_o have_v no_o real_a idea_n or_o essence_n and_o therefore_o no_o real_a efficient_a cause_n but_o only_o deficient_a but_o yet_o 3_o we_o still_o aver_v that_o god_n do_v concur_v to_o the_o whole_a entitative_a act_n of_o sin_n without_o the_o least_o concurrence_n to_o the_o moral_a obliquity_n thereof_o for_o the_o entitative_a act_n of_o sin_n be_v of_o itself_o abstract_v from_o the_o moral_a deordination_n physical_o or_o natural_o good_a whence_o that_o commun_n say_v in_o the_o school_n all_o evil_n be_v found_v in_o good_a as_o in_o its_o subject_n there_o be_v no_o pure_a evil_n but_o what_o have_v some_o natural_a good_a for_o its_o substrate_a matter_n or_o subject_n now_o all_o good_a that_o be_v not_o god_n must_v be_v from_o god_n as_o the_o prime_a cause_n if_o god_n be_v not_o the_o immediate_a essicient_a of_o the_o entitative_a act_n of_o evil_n he_o be_v not_o the_o cause_n of_o all_o good_a yet_o 4_o god_n be_v immediate_a concourse_n to_o the_o material_a act_n of_o sin_n do_v no_o way_n render_v he_o
and_o dependence_n of_o all_o second_o cause_n every_o be_v by_o participation_n be_v limit_v and_o where_o there_o be_v limit_n of_o essence_n there_o necessary_o be_v limit_n of_o activity_n and_o operation_n a_o creature_n can_v as_o well_o give_v be_v to_o itself_o as_o actuate_v itself_o independent_o as_o to_o the_o first_o cause_n whatever_o receive_v its_o be_v by_o participation_n receive_v also_o its_o operation_n in_o the_o same_o mode_n of_o participation_n dependence_n on_o god_n in_o operation_n be_v as_o essental_a and_o intrinsec_fw-la to_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o creature_n as_o dependence_n on_o god_n in_o essence_n and_o conservation_n of_o that_o essence_n yea_o it_o be_v no_o less_o than_o a_o implicit_a contradiction_n to_o say_v that_o a_o creature_n act_n without_o dependence_n on_o god_n for_o that_o act_n as_o suarez_n and_o other_o prove_v and_o the_o reason_n be_v most_o demonstrative_a for_o as_o aristotle_n tell_v we_o the_o mode_n of_o operate_n always_o follow_v the_o mode_n of_o essence_n if_o the_o essence_n depend_v on_o god_n for_o its_o production_n and_o conservation_n so_o must_v the_o operation_n whatever_o be_v a_o be_v by_o participation_n must_v also_o be_v a_o agent_n by_o participation_n yea_o the_o very_a act_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n be_v a_o be_v by_o participation_n and_o therefore_o it_o require_v the_o concourse_n and_o influx_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n for_o its_o production_n conservation_n and_o promotion_n 3_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n and_o its_o perfection_n if_o god_n concur_v not_o immediate_o to_o every_o act_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n he_o be_v not_o the_o universal_a cause_n of_o allthing_n neither_o be_v he_o omnipotent_a and_o most_o perfect_a for_o that_o very_a act_n be_v a_o real_a be_v or_o if_o you_o will_v a_o mode_n of_o be_v and_o so_o reducible_a to_o real_a entity_n it_o can_v be_v pure_a nothing_o because_o pure_a nothing_o can_v be_v the_o term_n or_o effect_v of_o a_o real_a production_n if_o then_o the_o act_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n be_v a_o real_a positive_a entity_n or_o mode_n and_o yet_o god_n not_o the_o first_o cause_n thereof_o than_o it_o necessary_o follow_v that_o god_n be_v not_o the_o universal_a cause_n of_o allthing_n neither_o be_v he_o omnipotent_a because_o he_o can_v produce_v that_o real_a act_n neither_o be_v he_o most_o perfect_a because_o there_o be_v something_o in_o nature_n physical_o perfect_a which_o he_o be_v not_o the_o cause_n of_o dependence_n on_o god_n as_o the_o first_o cause_n albeit_o it_o imply_v something_o of_o imperfection_n in_o the_o creature_n as_o a_o creature_n yet_o it_o import_v perfection_n in_o god_n neither_o can_v his_o absolute_a perfection_n as_o the_o first_o cause_n be_v preserve_v and_o maintain_v without_o it_o 4_o from_o the_o providence_n of_o god_n if_o god_n as_o the_o first_o cause_n concur_v not_o immediate_o to_o all_o act_n of_o second_o cause_n how_o can_v he_o order_v direct_v and_o govern_v they_o so_o as_o they_o shall_v all_o determine_v in_o his_o own_o glory_n again_o how_o can_v he_o hinder_v such_o act_n as_o impugn_v his_o own_o end_n and_o design_n do_v not_o this_o antithesis_fw-la of_o durandus_fw-la and_o other_o who_o deny_v god_n to_o concur_v immediate_o to_o all_o act_n of_o second_o cause_n cut_v off_o the_o chief_a part_n of_o divine_a providence_n which_o consist_v in_o the_o order_n and_o direct_v all_o human_a act_n for_o his_o own_o glory_n 2._o prop._n god_n as_o the_o first_o cause_n immediate_o concur_v not_o only_o to_o the_o act_n but_o also_o the_o second_o cause_n itself_o and_o its_o will_n if_o it_o be_v a_o free_a agent_n self_n god_n immediate_o concur_v to_o second_o cause_n self_n this_o proposition_n may_v be_v demonstrate_v 1_o by_o all_o the_o fore_n mention_v argument_n which_o prove_v god_n immediate_a concourse_n to_o the_o act_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n for_o every_o efficient_a cause_n produce_v in_o a_o subject_a a_o act_n connatural_a to_o the_o power_n of_o he_o subject_n must_v needs_o influence_n and_o actuate_v that_o power_n wherefore_o god_n the_o first_o cause_n produce_v in_o the_o will_n of_o man_n a_o act_n connatural_a thereto_o must_v necessary_o actuate_v and_o influence_n the_o say_a will_n in_o such_o a_o production_n 2_o that_o god_n immediate_a concourse_n reach_v the_o human_a will_n and_o not_o only_o its_o act_n be_v evident_a because_o it_o determine_v the_o will_n to_o act_v for_o grant_v but_o this_o that_o the_o human_a will_n be_v not_o the_o first_o cause_n of_o its_o own_o act_n but_o dependent_a on_o god_n for_o the_o production_n thereof_o which_o the_o jesuit_n grant_v it_o necessary_o follow_v that_o it_o be_v actuate_v and_o determine_v by_o god_n in_o all_o its_o acts._n it_o be_v true_a the_o human_a will_n be_v a_o free_a agent_n and_o so_o a_o self-determining_a power_n but_o yet_o this_o hinder_v not_o but_o that_o it_o be_v also_o determine_v by_o god_n as_o the_o first_o cause_n god_n determine_v the_o will_n to_o determine_v it_o self_n as_o he_o move_v the_o will_n to_o move_v itself_o if_o god_n do_v not_o determine_v and_o move_v the_o will_n it_o can_v not_o determine_v and_o move_v itself_o 3_o sacred_a philosophy_n be_v express_v herein_o that_o god_n work_v immediate_o on_o the_o will_n as_o well_o as_o on_o its_o act_n and_o effect_n so_o philip._n 2.13_o god_n be_v say_v to_o work_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o will_n and_o to_o do_v and_o how_o can_v he_o work_v to_o will_n unless_o he_o work_v upon_o the_o will_n can_v there_o be_v any_o way_n assign_v how_o god_n shall_v work_v to_o will_n and_o yet_o not_o immediate_o determine_v and_o move_v the_o will_n 10._o psal_n 139.9_o 10._o so_o psal_n 139.9_o 10._o if_o i_o take_v the_o wing_n of_o the_o morning_n i.e._n sly_a most_o swift_o as_o the_o morning_n and_o dwell_v in_o the_o utmost_a part_n of_o the_o sea_n even_o there_o shall_v thy_o hand_n lead_v i_o and_o thy_o right_a hand_n shall_v hold_v i_o his_o mind_n be_v that_o he_o can_v fly_v from_o the_o immediate_a presence_n of_o god_n because_o wherever_o he_o go_v his_o immediate_a hand_n or_o concourse_n must_v lead_v he_o to_o lead_v a_o man_n by_o the_o hand_n and_o to_o hold_v he_o here_o denote_v god_n immediate_a concourse_n on_o the_o will_n and_o its_o acts._n 3._o prop._n god_n concur_v immediate_o to_o the_o effect_n by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o act_n with_o the_o second_o cause_n same_o the_o act_n of_o the_o first_o and_o second_o cause_n the_o same_o for_o the_o explication_n of_o this_o proposition_n we_o be_v to_o note_v that_o the_o causation_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n be_v not_o the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o the_o second_o but_o only_o the_o action_n whereby_o the_o first_o and_o second_o cause_n concur_v to_o the_o production_n of_o the_o effect_n for_o albeit_o the_o influx_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n be_v distinct_a from_o that_o of_o the_o second_o yet_o the_o act_n whereby_o the_o first_o and_o second_o cause_n produce_v the_o effect_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o arbitrio_fw-la duo_o individuo_fw-la opere_fw-la operantes_fw-la necessario_fw-la agant_fw-la unum_fw-la &_o idem_fw-la cùm_fw-la indivisa_fw-la sit_fw-la corum_fw-la actio_fw-la si_fw-la autem_fw-la agerent_fw-la diversis_fw-la actionibus_fw-la oporteret_fw-la operata_fw-la esse_fw-la divisa_fw-la ficut_fw-la è_fw-la contrà _fw-la actio_fw-la indivisa_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la sacere_fw-la divisa_fw-la opera_fw-la grossetesle_n de_fw-fr libero_fw-la arbitrio_fw-la this_o be_v incomparable_o well_o demonstrate_v by_o our_o learned_a and_o great_a grosseteste_a bishop_n of_o lincoln_n in_o his_o tractate_n de_fw-fr libero_fw-la arbitrio_fw-la in_o m._n ss_z where_o he_o acute_o prove_v that_o the_o action_n of_o god_n and_o the_o second_o cause_n whereby_o the_o effect_n be_v produce_v can_v be_v deverse_n because_o the_o effect_n be_v but_o one_o and_o the_o same_o which_o proceed_v total_o from_o god_n as_o the_o first_o cause_n and_o total_o from_o the_o second_o cause_n as_o hereafter_o prop._n 4._o for_o the_o more_o full_a explication_n whereof_o we_o must_v distinguish_v between_o the_o active_a and_o passive_a efficience_n of_o god_n god_n active_a efficience_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o immanent_a efficacious_a act_n of_o his_o will_n which_o without_o all_o peradventure_o differ_v infinite_o from_o the_o efficience_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n yet_o god_n passive_a efficience_n as_o it_o relate_v to_o the_o act_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n be_v not_o real_o distinct_a therefrom_o for_o it_o be_v no_o way_n incongruous_a or_o inconsistent_a that_o one_o and_o the_o same_o act_n proceed_v from_o two_o different_a total_a cause_n of_o different_a kind_n such_o as_o the_o first_o and_o second_o cause_n be_v whence_o it_o follow_v that_o one_o and_o the_o same_o act_n both_o of_o first_o and_o second_o cause_n
immediate_o and_o essential_o depend_v on_o both_o in_o their_o kind_n that_o the_o first_o and_o second_o cause_n immediate_o concur_v to_o the_o same_o effect_n by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o indivisible_a act_n may_v be_v demonstrate_v 1_o from_o the_o dependence_n which_o the_o act_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n have_v on_o the_o active_a causation_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n the_o act_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n do_v not_o as_o some_o conceive_v depend_v on_o any_o real_a influx_n or_o concourse_n transient_a from_o the_o first_o cause_n and_o distinct_a from_o the_o act_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n but_o on_o the_o mere_a efficacious_a volition_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n which_o be_v the_o effective_a principe_fw-la of_o all_o effect_n this_o be_v acute_o demonstrate_v by_o suarez_n metaph._n disput_fw-la 21._o sect_n 3._o p._n 568._o where_o he_o prove_v that_o the_o action_n of_o god_n be_v not_o the_o way_n or_o flux_n to_o the_o action_n of_o the_o creature_n but_o to_o the_o effect_n neither_o be_v a_o action_n the_o term_n of_o a_o action_n therefore_o to_o the_o universal_a influx_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n there_o be_v no_o more_o require_v but_o that_o the_o action_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n proceed_v from_o his_o will_n not_o that_o it_o proceed_v by_o another_o extern_a action_n but_o it_o can_v proceed_v immediate_o by_o itself_o from_o the_o will_n of_o god_n whence_o when_o the_o action_n of_o the_o creature_n be_v say_v to_o depend_v on_o the_o influx_n of_o god_n either_o this_o influx_n must_v be_v take_v for_o the_o immanent_a intern_a act_n as_o it_o influence_v the_o extern_a act_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n or_o the_o manner_n of_o speech_n must_v be_v take_v not_o transitive_o save_o according_a to_o some_o rational_a conception_n if_o we_o will_v speak_v proper_o it_o must_v be_v say_v that_o the_o action_n of_o the_o creature_n be_v from_o god_n whence_o he_o conclude_v in_o the_o same_o page_n thus_o by_o compare_v the_o action_n of_o the_o creature_n to_o the_o intern_a action_n of_o god_n it_o be_v clear_a that_o the_o action_n of_o god_n be_v in_o order_n of_o nature_n before_o the_o action_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n whence_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o concourse_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n be_v before_o that_o of_o the_o second_o because_o the_o second_o cause_n do_v not_o act_v but_o in_o the_o virtue_n of_o the_o first_o hence_o 2_o we_o may_v far_o demonstrate_v the_o identity_n of_o the_o act_n whereby_o the_o first_o and_o second_o cause_n concur_v to_o the_o effect_n by_o the_o independence_n which_o the_o act_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n have_v as_o to_o all_o transient_a act_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n distinct_a from_o itself_o for_o if_o the_o action_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n be_v from_o god_n by_o some_o transient_a influx_n distinct_a from_o itself_o then_o that_o influx_n be_v a_o creature_n will_v necessary_o require_v some_o other_o transient_a influx_n for_o its_o production_n and_o preservation_n and_o so_o into_o infinite_a 3_o that_o the_o action_n whereby_o the_o first_o and_o second_o cause_n concur_v to_o any_o effect_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o may_v be_v demonstrate_v from_o the_o inutilitie_n and_o needless_a supposition_n of_o any_o distinction_n between_o they_o for_o if_o there_o be_v suppose_v two_o distinct_a action_n one_o of_o god_n another_o of_o the_o second_o cause_n as_o necessary_o concur_v to_o the_o production_n of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o effect_n than_o the_o action_n of_o the_o second_o be_v from_o god_n or_o not_o it_o can_v be_v say_v that_o it_o be_v not_o from_o god_n but_o only_o from_o the_o second_o cause_n because_o than_o it_o will_v be_v say_v that_o the_o effect_v of_o the_o second_o cause_n be_v from_o god_n but_o not_o the_o act_n which_o be_v against_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o finite_a limit_v be_v as_o we_o have_v prove_v in_o the_o precedent_a proposition_n if_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o act_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n be_v from_o god_n then_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n of_o suppose_v any_o other_o act_n of_o god_n distinct_a from_o this_o whereby_o he_o concur_v to_o the_o production_n of_o the_o effect_n be_v it_o not_o every_o way_n superfluous_a and_o unnecessary_a to_o suppose_v two_o distinct_a action_n one_o of_o the_o first_o and_o another_o of_o the_o second_o cause_n as_o concur_v to_o the_o same_o effect_n when_o as_o it_o be_v grant_v and_o can_v rational_o be_v deny_v that_o the_o very_a act_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n be_v from_o god_n this_o argument_n be_v well_o manage_v by_o suarez_n metaph._n disp_n 21._o s._n 3._o p._n 567._o the_o sum_n of_o all_o be_v this_o both_o the_o first_o and_o second_o cause_n concur_v immediate_o to_o the_o production_n of_o the_o effect_n by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o action_n yet_o the_o influx_n or_o concourse_n of_o the_o first_o and_o second_o cause_n consider_v formal_o as_o to_o the_o effective_a principes_fw-la be_v real_o distinct_a 2._o have_v dispatch_v the_o immediation_n of_o the_o divine_a concourse_n absolute_a god_n concourse_n independent_a and_o absolute_a we_o now_o proceed_v to_o a_o second_o adjunct_n or_o mode_n of_o operation_n appendent_a thereto_o namely_o its_o independence_n and_o absoluteness_n that_o the_o concourse_n of_o god_n be_v independent_a and_o absolute_a we_o be_v assure_v both_o by_o sacred_a and_o platonic_a philosophy_n the_o absolute_a independence_n of_o divine_a concourse_n as_o to_o gratiose_fw-la effect_n be_v frequent_o inculcate_v in_o sacred_a philosophy_n 51.10_o psal_n 51.10_o hence_o we_o find_v a_o creative_a efficace_n asscribe_v to_o independent_a medicinal_a grace_n 43.1_o esa_n 43.1_o so_o psal_n 51.10_o create_v in_o i_o a_o clean_a heart_n esa_n 43.1_o the_o lord_n that_o create_v thou_o o_o jacob_n etc._n etc._n so_o esa_n 57.19_o as_o elsewhere_o now_o what_o more_o independent_a and_o absolute_a than_o a_o creative_a concourse_n 1_o work_v of_o creation_n be_v out_o of_o nothing_o and_o so_o their_o efficient_a must_v needs_o be_v independent_a as_o to_o matter_n 2_o work_v of_o creation_n require_v a_o infinite_a independent_a agent_n which_o admit_v no_o social_a cause_n for_o creation_n be_v the_o production_n of_o something_o out_o of_o nothing_o which_o be_v term_n as_o to_o efficience_n infinite_o distant_a none_o but_o a_o infinite_a independent_a cause_n can_v effect_v the_o same_o who_o can_v reconcile_v something_o and_o nothing_o but_o he_o who_o have_v all_o be_v in_o himself_o 3_o work_v of_o creation_n be_v in_o a_o instant_n and_o therefore_o depend_v not_o on_o any_o preparation_n or_o material_a disposition_n of_o the_o subject_n 4_o work_v of_o creation_n be_v perfect_a and_o therefore_o require_v the_o most_o perfect_a independent_a absolute_a concourse_n how_o independnet_n and_o absolute_a efficacious_a grace_n be_v in_o its_o manner_n of_o work_v be_v far_a evident_a from_o that_o royal_a prerogative_n which_o it_o use_v in_o the_o conversion_n of_o sinner_n do_v it_o not_o oft_o let_v some_o run_v on_o in_o full_a career_n till_o they_o have_v one_o foot_n in_o hell_n and_o then_o snatch_v they_o as_o flame_a torch_n out_o of_o that_o sire_n thus_o ezech._n 16.6_o 16.6_o ezech._n 16.6_o i_o say_v unto_o thou_o when_o thou_o be_v in_o thy_o blood_n live_v christ_n omnipotent_a independent_a word_n carry_v a_o vivisie_n efficace_n in_o it_o how_o many_o lion_n have_v this_o omnipotent_a word_n turn_v into_o lamb_n what_o timber_n or_o heart_n be_v there_o so_o crooked_a knotty_a and_o crabbed_a out_o of_o which_o he_o can_v frame_v a_o vessel_n of_o mercy_n what_o heart_n so_o stony_a so_o rocky_a out_o of_o which_o he_o can_v raise_v up_o a_o son_n to_o abraham_n as_o mat._n 3.9_o 3.9_o mat._n 3.9_o now_o to_o change_v one_o species_n or_o kind_n of_o creature_n into_o another_o a_o lion_n into_o a_o lamb_n a_o stony_a heart_n into_o a_o son_n of_o abraham_n do_v not_o this_o argue_v independent_a absolute_a and_o omnipotent_a efficace_n so_o little_o be_v this_o gratiose_fw-la concourse_n tie_v to_o or_o dependent_a on_o the_o least_o moral_a disposition_n obligation_n merit_n cause_n condition_n or_o move_a consideration_n without_o itself_o it_o be_v the_o free_a thing_n in_o the_o world_n and_o therefore_o compare_v to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o wind_n which_o blow_v where_o it_o list_v joh._n 3.8_o can_v we_o suppose_v 3.8_o joh._n 3.8_o that_o any_o thing_n the_o creature_n perform_v shall_v lay_v the_o least_o obligation_n on_o sovereign_n free_a grace_n be_v it_o not_o a_o childish_a thing_n to_o suppose_v that_o the_o infinite_a ocean_n of_o independent_a grace_n shall_v ebb_v and_o slow_a according_a to_o the_o various_a change_n and_o condition_n of_o man_n free_a will_n that_o most_o mutable_a moon_n but_o that_o not_o only_o essicacious_a grace_n but_o all_o divine_a concourse_n be_v independent_a
mat._n 7.18_o how_o do_v paul_n when_o he_o be_v a_o persecutor_n become_v a_o preacher_n how_o do_v peter_n when_o he_o have_v abjure_v christ_n get_v off_o this_o spot_n by_o what_o mean_n be_v the_o wild_a olive_n implant_v into_o the_o good_a olive_n 11.17_o rom._n 11.17_o rom._n 11.17_o how_o do_v the_o thief_n get_v admission_n into_o paradise_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d have_v perceive_v therefore_o the_o force_n of_o precedent_n divine_a aid_n every_o one_o that_o will_v both_o labour_n and_o move_v allthing_n for_o a_o naked_a will_n suffice_v not_o and_o learn_v and_o attain_v salvation_n wherein_o he_o asserte_n 1_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o supernatural_a antecedent_n aid_n or_o grace_n work_v all_o in_o matter_n of_o salvation_n 2_o that_o the_o naked_a will_n suffice_v not_o to_o perform_v any_o good_a chrysostome_n in_o genes_n hom._n 9_o call_v this_o prevenient_a grace_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o grace_n that_o seek_v what_o be_v lose_v and_o be_v find_v by_o such_o as_o seek_v it_o not_o basil_n term_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d anticipant_a grace_n so_o de_fw-fr baptis_n lib._n 1._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o the_o prevenient_a grace_n of_o god_n we_o work_v and_o confer_v our_o duty_n according_a to_o say_v by_o love_n this_o antecedence_n and_o priority_n of_o divine_a concourse_n may_v be_v demonstrate_v 1_o from_o its_o effective_a principe_n the_o divine_a will_n which_o necessary_o precede_v the_o act_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n because_o eternal_a and_o independent_a as_o before_o 2_o from_o the_o efficace_n of_o the_o divine_a concourse_n as_o it_o infallible_o determine_v the_o second_o cause_n to_o act_v and_o so_o must_v be_v necessary_o antecedent_n thereto_o not_o only_o simultaneous_a as_o the_o jesuit_n hold_v 3_o from_o the_o dependence_n and_o subordination_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n to_o the_o first_o all_o second_o cause_n be_v but_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d concause_n dependent_a on_o and_o subordinate_a to_o the_o first_o cause_n as_o plato_n now_o where_o there_o be_v dependence_n and_o subordination_n here_o must_v necessary_o be_v priority_n and_o antecedence_n of_o that_o on_o which_o the_o subordinate_a depend_v thus_o suarez_n metaph._n disp_n 21._o sect._n 2._o pag._n 568._o by_o compare_v say_v he_o the_o action_n of_o the_o creature_n to_o the_o intern_a action_n of_o god_n it_o be_v clear_a that_o the_o action_n of_o god_n be_v in_o order_n of_o nature_n before_o the_o action_n of_o the_o creature_n whence_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o first_o cause_n do_v first_o influence_n or_o concur_v because_o the_o second_o cause_n act_v not_o but_o in_o and_o by_o its_o virtue_n yet_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o the_o jesuit_n general_o allow_v god_n only_o a_o simultaneous_a concourse_n as_o o_o the_o act_n of_o the_o will_n because_o otherwise_o as_o they_o conceit_n the_o liberty_n of_o the_o will_n can_v be_v preserve_v this_o simultaneous_a concourse_n they_o make_v to_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o very_a action_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n as_o it_o proceed_v from_o god_n burgersdicius_n metaph._n l._n 2._o c._n 11._o grant_n that_o god_n concourse_n in_o supernatural_a act_n be_v previous_a but_o yet_o in_o natural_n he_o allow_v it_o to_o be_v only_o simultaneous_a but_o that_o god_n concourse_n not_o only_o in_o supernatural_n but_o also_o in_o naturlas_fw-mi be_v previous_a the_o dominican_n strong_o prove_v from_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n and_o dependence_n of_o the_o second_o for_o where_o there_o be_v subordination_n and_o dependence_n in_o causalitie_n there_o be_v posterioritie_n etc._n etc._n 4._o god_n concourse_n to_o and_o with_o second_o cause_n be_v total_a total_a god_n concourse_n total_a this_o totalitie_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n do_v not_o exclude_v the_o totalitie_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n in_o its_o kind_n but_o only_o its_o partiality_n and_o coordination_n in_o the_o same_o kind_n for_o it_o be_v a_o trite_a rule_n in_o philosophy_n that_o in_o cause_n subordinate_a there_o may_v be_v diverse_a total_a cause_n in_o different_a kind_n concur_v to_o the_o same_o effect_n but_o not_o in_o the_o same_o kind_n so_o we_o say_v that_o god_n and_o the_o sun_n and_o man_n be_v all_o total_a cause_n in_o the_o production_n of_o a_o man_n because_o they_o all_o have_v different_a kind_n of_o causalitie_n when_o therefore_o we_o say_v that_o god_n concourse_n be_v total_a we_o do_v only_o deny_v the_o coordination_n or_o copartialitie_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n we_o allow_v the_o second_o cause_n to_o cooperate_v with_o god_n in_o a_o way_n of_o subordination_n but_o not_o to_o be_v a_o coordinate_a social_a or_o copartial_a cause_n with_o god_n divine_a concourse_n special_o as_o to_o gratiose_fw-la effect_n work_v all_o total_o and_o solitary_o it_o admit_v not_o of_o a_o corrival_n or_o copartner_n it_o be_v no_o partial_a cause_n but_o work_v the_o whole_a effect_n though_o not_o without_o the_o subservience_n of_o inferior_a cause_n and_o instrument_n as_o in_o natural_a cause_n you_o ascribe_v the_o whole_a efficace_n and_o causalitic_a of_o the_o instrument_n to_o the_o principal_a cause_n special_o if_o the_o instrument_n be_v pure_o passive_a without_o any_o inherent_a virtue_n of_o its_o own_o as_o you_o ascribe_v not_o the_o victory_n to_o the_o general_n sword_n but_o to_o his_o valour_n so_o here_o the_o instrument_n which_o christ_n use_v in_o the_o work_n of_o the_o new_a creation_n be_v pure_o passive_a they_o have_v no_o efficace_n but_o what_o be_v impart_v to_o they_o by_o he_o the_o principal_a efficient_a and_o therefore_o they_o can_v be_v partial_a social_a cause_n this_o totalitie_n of_o divine_a concourse_n be_v well_o demonstrate_v by_o that_o great_a and_o pious_a witness_n against_o antichrist_n even_o in_o the_o dark_a time_n of_o popery_n robert_n grosseteste_a bishop_n of_o lancolne_n in_o his_o mss._n de_fw-la libero_fw-la arbitrio_fw-la efficacious_a grace_n so_o work_v with_o the_o freewill_n that_o at_o first_o it_o prevent_v the_o act_n of_o the_o will_n and_o afterward_o concur_v yet_o not_o so_o as_o if_o part_n be_v wrought_v by_o grace_n and_o part_n by_o freewill_a but_o each_o in_o its_o kind_n work_v the_o whole_a for_o two_o individual_a agent_n must_v necessary_o work_v one_o and_o the_o same_o effect_n when_o their_o action_n be_v indivise_v this_o augustin_n illustrate_v by_o a_o rider_n and_o the_o horse_n by_o who_o one_o and_o the_o same_o act_n or_o motion_n be_v total_o produce_v so_o the_o action_n of_o god_n and_o of_o the_o will_v concur_v total_o and_o so_o in_o every_o effect_n of_o every_o creature_n god_n and_o the_o next_o second_o cause_n produce_v the_o same_o conjoint_o not_o apart_o or_o one_o this_o part_n and_o that_o the_o other_o part_n etc._n etc._n this_o totalitie_n of_o divine_a concourse_n as_o to_o gratiose_fw-la effect_n be_v frequent_o and_o lively_o illustrate_v and_o demonstrate_v by_o the_o greek_a theologue_n thus_o chrysostome_n hom._n 12._o ad_fw-la hebr._fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n we_o see_v house_n beautiful_o build_v 18._o hoc_fw-la inquit_fw-la bonaventura_n piarum_fw-la mentium_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la nihil_fw-la sibi_fw-la tribuant_fw-la sed_fw-la totum_fw-la gratiae_n dei_fw-la unde_fw-la quantumcunque_fw-la aliquis_fw-la det_fw-la gratiae_n dei_fw-la à _fw-la pielate_fw-la non_fw-la receder_n etiamsi_fw-la multa_fw-la tribuendo_fw-la gratiae_n dei_fw-la aliquid_fw-la subtrahit_fw-la potestati_fw-la naturae_fw-la cùm_fw-la verò_fw-la aliquid_fw-la gratiae_n dei_fw-la subtrahitur_fw-la &_o naturae_fw-la tribuitur_fw-la quod_fw-la gratiae_n est_fw-la ibi_fw-la potest_fw-la periculum_fw-la intervenire_fw-la cassandri_n consuloat_v art_n 18._o and_o we_o say_v the_o whole_a be_v the_o artificer_n albeit_o he_o have_v work_v man_n under_o he_o so_o the_o whole_a of_o good_a must_v be_v ascribe_v to_o god_n so_o in_o genes_n 715._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o whole_a be_v from_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n so_o add_v ephes_n hom._n 18._o speak_v of_o paul_n he_o say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d thou_o see_v how_o in_o allthing_n be_v conceles_a what_o be_v his_o own_o and_o ascribe_v all_o to_o god_n so_o greg._n nazianz._n orat._n 31._o speak_v of_o paul_n say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d he_o ascribe_v all_o to_o god_n thus_o also_o cyril_n alexandr_n and_o other_o as_o court_n gent._n p._n 2._o b._n 3._o ch._n 9_o sect._n 3_o §_o 12._o this_o partial_a concourse_n suppose_v god_n and_o the_o creature_n to_o act_v together_o in_o the_o same_o kind_n of_o causalitie_n which_o be_v repugnant_a both_o to_o the_o nature_n of_o god_n as_o also_o to_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o creature_n 1_o this_o partial_a concourse_n be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o independent_a simple_a perfect_a nature_n of_o god_n as_o also_o to_o his_o prime_n sovereign_a effication_n causalitie_n what_o more_o incongruous_a and_o unbecoming_a
and_o demonstration_n of_o the_o officacitie_n of_o divine_a concourse_n we_o be_v to_o consider_v that_o there_o be_v a_o twofold_a concourse_n of_o god_n one_o moral_a the_o other_o efficacious_a which_o some_o term_n physic_n concourse_n because_o it_o work_v according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o physic_n efficient_n for_o a_o physic_n cause_o be_v that_o which_o real_o and_o proper_o influence_v the_o effect_n but_o a_o moral_a cause_n as_o dictinguish_v from_o physic_n be_v that_o which_o contribute_v not_o any_o real_a and_o proper_a influx_n for_o the_o production_n of_o the_o effect_n yet_o he_o do_v so_o far_o moral_o concur_v as_o that_o the_o effect_n be_v impute_v to_o he_o as_o it_o be_v well_o determine_v by_o suarez_n metaph._n disput_fw-la 17._o sect._n 2._o pag._n 402._o a_o moral_a cause_n do_v not_o reach_v the_o effect_n immediate_o neither_o do_v it_o proper_o move_v and_o determine_v the_o agent_n but_o only_o objective_o and_o remote_o by_o command_n argument_n incentives_n motive_n and_o such_o like_a moral_a influence_n which_o be_v only_o a_o metaphoric_n indirect_a remote_a improper_a and_o inefficacious_a kind_n of_o efficience_n but_o now_o a_o physic_n cause_n be_v that_o which_o alone_o deserve_v and_o therefore_o in_o the_o scholes_n have_v appropriate_v to_o itself_o the_o name_n of_o a_o efficient_a cause_n because_o it_o do_v by_o a_o proper_a real_a direct_a and_o efficacious_a influx_n or_o causalitie_n reach_v its_o effect_n god_n have_v both_o a_o moral_n and_o physic_n or_o efficacious_a concourse_n in_o and_o for_o the_o production_n of_o moral_a good_a he_o command_v propones_fw-la argument_n invite_v persuade_v what_o be_v good_a as_o also_o efficacious_o work_v the_o same_o in_o those_o he_o intend_v to_o do_v good_a to_o but_o as_o for_o sinful_a act_n god_n do_v not_o by_o any_o moral_a concourse_n concur_v thereto_o and_o therefore_o they_o may_v not_o be_v impute_v to_o he_o as_o the_o author_n of_o they_o this_o be_v premiss_v we_o proceed_v to_o demonstrate_v the_o efficacitie_n of_o god_n concourse_n 1_o from_o its_o sovereign_a nature_n and_o omnipotent_a manner_n of_o work_v special_o in_o supernatural_a gratiose_fw-la effect_n the_o efficacitie_n of_o actual_a grace_n in_o the_o infusion_n conservation_n promotion_n and_o actuation_n of_o habitual_a be_v lively_o illustrate_v by_o the_o grecanic_a father_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n who_o stile_n this_o efficacious_a medicinal_a grace_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o superne_fw-la or_o supernatural_a vocation_n and_o motion_n they_o term_v it_o sometime_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o operant_a and_o cooperant_fw-la grace_n also_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o energy_n aid_n and_o assistence_n of_o god_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o ineffable_a virtue_n of_o god_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o assistant_n power_n it_o be_v term_v also_o by_o they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o superne_fw-la and_o divine_a impulse_n or_o inclination_n also_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o divine_a hand_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o grace_n of_o protection_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o universal_a spring_n of_o energy_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o itself_o perfect_a and_o sufficient_o operative_a chrysostome_n term_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o gift_n above_o nature_n overcome_v nature_n also_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d insuperable_a assistence_n but_o none_o among_o the_o greek_a theologue_n seem_v more_o lively_a to_o describe_v it_o than_o cyril_n alexandr_n lib._n 1._o de_fw-la adorat_fw-la tom._n 1._o where_o he_o asserte_n that_o man_n be_v turn_v from_o sin_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d not_o only_o by_o word_n inject_v into_o the_o soul_n i._n e._n according_a to_o the_o pelagian_a persuasion_n by_o moral_a suasion_n only_o but_o that_o god_n put_v forth_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o energetic_a efficacious_a aid_n whereby_o the_o infirm_a will_n be_v lead_v as_o by_o the_o hand_n clemens_n alexandr_n l._n 1._o paed._n c._n 3._o call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o inspiration_n of_o god_n also_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o subtle_a and_o spiritual_fw-la instructive_a force_n of_o divine_a word_n and_o athanas_n contr_n gent._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o power_n communicate_v from_o god_n again_o he_o say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o grace_n of_o god_n have_v overcome_v whence_o the_o greek_a theologue_n term_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o invincible_a assistence_n and_o chrysostome_n say_v express_o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d all_o good_a come_v from_o the_o grace_n and_o efficacious_a virtue_n of_o god_n 2_o from_o its_o effective_a principe_n the_o divine_a wil._n we_o have_v before_o §_o 3._o demonstrate_v that_o the_o divine_a concourse_n suppose_v not_o any_o transient_a influx_n form_n god_n but_o only_o the_o act_n of_o the_o divine_a will_n which_o be_v omnipotent_a it_o thence_o necessary_o follow_v that_o his_o concourse_n be_v also_o omnipotent_a and_o most_o efficacious_a whence_o it_o be_v worthy_a our_o notice_n that_o the_o concourse_n of_o god_n be_v in_o scripture_n express_v by_o his_o fiat_fw-la or_o word_n as_o gen._n 1.3_o etc._n etc._n and_o what_o be_v this_o word_n of_o god_n but_o the_o omnipotent_a act_n of_o his_o will_n hence_o in_o sacred_a philosophy_n the_o hebrew_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d signify_v both_o word_n and_o thing_n denote_v to_o we_o that_o there_o be_v a_o intimate_a reciprocation_n between_o divine_a word_n and_o thing_n whatever_o god_n speak_v and_o say_v shall_v be_v do_v be_v do_v and_o whatever_o be_v do_v be_v but_o the_o effect_n of_o his_o word_n or_o will_n every_o word_n and_o will_n of_o god_n which_o regard_v the_o event_n and_o issue_n of_o thing_n be_v omnipotent_a and_o operative_a 3_o from_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n by_o the_o first_o god_n concourse_n be_v not_o only_o moral_a by_o propound_v object_n and_o persuade_v thereto_o but_o real_o operative_a and_o productive_a of_o thing_n now_o in_o all_o cooperation_n the_o cause_n cooperate_n be_v either_o coordinate_a or_o subordinate_a the_o first_o and_o second_o cause_n can_v be_v coordinate_a but_o the_o late_a must_v be_v subordinate_a to_o the_o former_a and_o if_o subordinate_a to_o than_o it_o must_v be_v determine_v by_o the_o first_o cause_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o either_o the_o second_o cause_n determine_v the_o first_o or_o the_o first_o the_o second_o and_o be_v it_o not_o more_o likely_a that_o the_o first_o cause_n shall_v determine_v the_o second_o than_o that_o the_o second_o shall_v determine_v the_o first_o to_o act_v can_v we_o imagine_v that_o the_o concourse_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o second_o be_v it_o not_o more_o agreeable_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o god_n and_o the_o condition_n of_o a_o creature_n to_o determine_v that_o the_o causalitie_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n be_v subordinate_a unto_o and_o therefore_o determinable_a by_o the_o concourse_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n this_o argument_n be_v more_o full_o manage_v by_o the_o dominican_n and_o janseniste_n see_v bradwardine_n de_fw-fr causa_fw-la dei_fw-la l._n 3._o c._n 7._o p._n 669._o alvarez_n de_fw-fr auxil_n l._n 3._o disp_n 18-21_a &_o l._n 4._o disput_fw-la 32._o jansenius_n august_n tom._n 3._o l._n 2._o c._n 22._o 7._o connatural_a god_n concourse_n connatural_a last_o god_n concourse_n albeit_o it_o be_v most_o potent_a and_o efficacious_a yet_o be_v it_o also_o most_o connatural_a and_o congenial_a there_o be_v not_o more_o of_o force_n than_o divine_a suavitie_n mix_v therewith_o so_o psal_n 110.3_o 110.3_o psal_n 110.3_o thy_o people_n shall_v be_v willing_a in_o the_o day_n of_o thy_o power_n will_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d willingness_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d nadib_n signify_v 1_o free_a ready_a cheerful_a spontaneous_a 2_o metonymical_o a_o free_a gift_n or_o oblation_n 3_o prince_n who_o ought_v to_o be_v free-spirited_n generose_fw-la liberal_a as_o luke_n 22.25_o 4_o the_o word_n be_v here_o use_v in_o the_o abstract_n which_o carry_v a_o great_a emphase_n for_o abstracte_n speak_v essence_n 5_o it_o be_v here_o also_o in_o the_o genitive_a case_n plural_a of_o thy_o willingness_n which_o the_o hebrew_n use_v as_o expressive_a of_o a_o superlative_a degree_n so_o that_o the_o meaning_n be_v thy_o people_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o most_o superlative_a degree_n free_a ready_a willing_a as_o noble_a and_o freeborn_a prince_n to_o offer_v up_o themselves_o a_o free-wil-offering_a gift_n or_o oblation_n unto_o thou_o hence_o efficacious_a grace_n be_v term_v by_o the_o greek_a father_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o intern_a philtrum_fw-la or_o charm_v by_o basil_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o grace_n which_o be_v
a_o moral_a causalitie_n as_o a_o author_n be_v evident_a from_o the_o very_a reason_n that_o he_o give_v thereof_o namely_o because_o god_n be_v most_o good_a which_o only_o exclude_v god_n moral_a efficience_n from_o sin_n as_o sin_n not_o his_o natural_a efficience_n from_o the_o substrate_a matter_n or_o entitative_a act_n of_o sin_n which_o be_v in_o itself_o good_a and_o therefore_o from_o god_n the_o cause_n of_o all_o good_a so_o that_o plato_n argument_n be_v so_o far_o from_o deny_v god_n natural_a efficience_n to_o the_o entitative_a act_n of_o sin_n as_o that_o it_o confirm_v the_o same_o the_o holy_a god_n in_o all_o his_o providential_a efficience_n and_o gubernation_n about_o sin_n whether_o it_o be_v permissive_a or_o ordinative_a be_v gloriose_o vindicate_v from_o be_v the_o author_n or_o moral_a cause_n of_o sin_n because_o he_o do_v nothing_o deficient_o as_o fail_v from_o that_o eternal_a immutable_a law_n of_o righteousness_n this_o be_v incomparable_o well_o explicate_v by_o simplicius_n in_o epictetus_n cap._n 1._o pag._n 24._o our_o soul_n while_o good_a desire_n good_a but_o when_o they_o be_v sinful_a sinful_a object_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o both_o i.e._n good_a and_o bad_a act_v from_o their_o own_o election_n not_o as_o be_v compel_v by_o any_o violent_a necessity_n wherefore_o god_n may_v not_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o sin_n for_o he_o make_v the_o soul_n which_o be_v natural_o capable_a of_o evil_n as_o be_v good_a according_a to_o the_o riches_n of_o his_o bonitie_n in_o which_o he_o clear_v god_n from_o be_v the_o author_n or_o moral_a cause_n of_o sin_n because_o all_o his_o providential_a efficience_n about_o sin_n be_v only_o as_o he_o be_v good_a a_o author_n '_o properly_z as_o the_o civil_a law_n teach_v we_o be_v he_o that_o give_v command_v institut_fw-la be_v à _fw-fr quo_fw-la consilium_fw-la accepimus_fw-la auctor_fw-la noster_fw-la translatè_fw-la dicatur_fw-la unde_fw-la tutor_n propriè_fw-la auctor_fw-la pulillo_fw-la dicitur_fw-la cvi_fw-la consilium_fw-la impartit_fw-la justin_n institut_fw-la counsel_n or_o encouragement_n to_o a_o act._n so_o a_o tutor_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o what_o his_o pupil_n do_v by_o give_v he_o counsel_n so_o again_o he_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o author_n who_o do_v approve_v what_o another_o do_v in_o philosophy_n he_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o author_n who_o by_o suasive_a or_o dissuasive_a reason_n do_v exhort_v the_o principal_a agent_n to_o or_o dehort_v he_o from_o any_o action_n the_o same_o they_o call_v a_o moral_a cause_n as_o oppose_v to_o effective_a now_o in_o no_o one_o of_o these_o respect_n can_v god_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o author_n or_o moral_a cause_n of_o sin_n for_o he_o neither_o command_n nor_o counsel_n nor_o encourage_v nor_o approve_v sin_n nor_o yet_o dissuade_v from_o virtue_n neither_o do_v god_n violent_o necessitate_v or_o compel_v man_n to_o sin_n but_o concur_v only_o to_o the_o material_a entitative_a act_n of_o sin_n as_o the_o prime_n universal_a efficient_a not_o as_o a_o particular_a deficient_a moral_a cause_n 3._o sin_n god_n the_o prime_a cause_n of_o the_o entitative_a act_n of_o sin_n prop._n albeit_o god_n be_v not_o the_o moral_a deficient_a cause_n or_o author_n of_o sin_n yet_o he_o be_v the_o efficient_a and_o prime_a cause_n of_o the_o material_a entitative_a act_n of_o sin_n this_o be_v evident_a both_o from_o sacred_a and_o platonic_a philosophic_a thus_o amos_n 3.6_o shall_v there_o be_v evil_a in_o the_o city_n and_o the_o lord_n have_v not_o do_v it_o i_o acknowledge_v this_o primary_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o evil_a of_o punishment_n yet_o we_o be_v to_o remember_v that_o evil_n of_o punishment_n in_o regard_n of_o second_o cause_n be_v evil_n of_o do_v god_n punish_v israel_n albeit_o it_o be_v good_a as_o from_o god_n yet_o it_o be_v usual_o sinful_a as_o to_o the_o instrument_n make_v use_v of_o therein_o and_o yet_o in_o this_o very_a regard_n god_n be_v the_o prime_n efficient_a of_o the_o material_a entitative_a act_n albeit_o he_o be_v not_o a_o moral_a deficient_a cause_n of_o the_o obliquity_n thus_o plato_n repub._n 10._o pag._n 896._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d must_v it_o not_o then_o necessary_o be_v concede_v that_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o universe_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o allthing_n good_a both_o honest_a and_o evil_a and_o base_a of_o allthing_n just_a and_o unjust_a and_o of_o all_o contrary_n in_o as_o much_o as_o we_o assert_v he_o to_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o allthing_n wherein_o observe_v 1_o that_o he_o philosophise_v here_o of_o god_n as_o the_o universal_a soul_n or_o spirit_n of_o the_o universe_n influence_v and_o govern_v allthing_n 2_o he_o say_v this_o universal_a spirit_n or_o soul_n be_v the_o prime_n efficient_a of_o allthing_n good_a yea_o 3_o not_o only_o of_o thing_n honest_a or_o moral_o good_a but_o also_o of_o thing_n evil_a base_a and_o unjust_a i._n e._n as_o to_o their_o entitative_a material_a act_n because_o in_o this_o regard_n they_o be_v good_a 4_o he_o ground_n this_o hypothesis_n on_o the_o universal_a causalitie_n of_o god_n as_o the_o prime_a cause_n of_o allthing_n thus_o also_o plato_n in_o his_o timaeus_n pag._n 28._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v necessary_a that_o whatever_o be_v produce_v be_v produce_v by_o some_o cause_n if_o so_o than_o all_o natural_a product_n must_v be_v produce_v by_o god_n the_o first_o cause_n of_o allthing_n and_o be_v not_o the_o entitative_a act_n of_o sin_n a_o natural_a product_n that_o the_o substrate_a matter_n or_o material_a entitative_a act_n of_o sin_n fall_v under_o the_o providential_a efficience_n of_o god_n as_o the_o first_o universal_a cause_n of_o allthing_n have_v be_v universal_o avouch_v and_o maintain_v in_o all_o age_n of_o christian_n both_o by_o father_n and_o schoolman_n papist_n and_o protestant_n except_v only_a durandus_fw-la and_o two_o or_o three_o more_o of_o his_o sectator_n thus_o augustin_n de_fw-fr duab_n anim._n contra_fw-la manich._n c._n 6._o about_o the_o end_n where_o he_o prove_v against_o the_o manichee_n who_o hold_v two_o first_o principes_fw-la one_o of_o good_a and_o another_o of_o evil_n that_o whatever_n real_o be_v as_o it_o be_v must_v proceed_v from_o one_o god_n thus_o also_o bradward_n de_fw-fr caus_n dei_fw-la pag._n 739._o where_o he_o strong_o prove_v that_o god_n necessary_o concur_v to_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o act_n of_o sin_n albeit_o not_o to_o its_o deformity_n the_o like_a pag._n 289_o 290._o gregor_n ariminensis_n sent._n 2._o distinct_a 34._o art_n 3._o pag._n 110_o etc._n etc._n give_v we_o potent_a and_o invict_a demonstration_n that_o god_n be_v the_o immediate_a cause_n of_o the_o entitative_a material_a act_n of_o sin_n not_o to_o mention_v alvarze_n the_o auxil_n l._n 3._o disp_n 34._o and_o other_o late_a dominican_n who_o as_o i_o conceive_v be_v unjust_o load_v with_o prejudices_fw-la by_o a_o divine_a of_o name_n in_o this_o particular_a indeed_o the_o very_a jesuit_n and_o those_o of_o their_o faction_n concur_v with_o we_o in_o this_o hypothesis_n thus_o suarez_n metaph._n disput_fw-la 22._o sect._n 1._o pag._n 551_o etc._n etc._n where_o he_o strong_o demonstrate_v that_o every_o action_n both_o natural_a and_o free_a good_a and_o evil_n as_o action_n be_v produce_v immediate_o by_o god_n as_o the_o first_o cause_n this_o hypothesis_n he_o maintain_v stout_o against_o durandus_fw-la and_o his_o sectator_n and_o as_o i_o judge_v with_o argument_n never_o to_o be_v answer_v thus_o also_o ruiz_n de_fw-fr voluntate_fw-la dei_fw-la disput_fw-la 26_o 27._o yea_o penottus_n de_fw-fr libertat_fw-la l._n 8._o c._n 11._o assure_v we_o that_o all_o divine_n accord_n that_o god_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o natural_a entity_n of_o sin_n among_o reform_a divine_n this_o hypothesis_n be_v general_o maintain_v i_o shall_v mention_v only_a davenant_n who_o be_v not_o rigid_a in_o this_o way_n in_o his_o answer_n to_o god_n love_n to_o mankind_n pag._n 143_o 147_o 174_o etc._n etc._n also_o de_fw-la reprobat_fw-la pag._n 113._o where_o he_o great_o explicate_v and_o demonstrate_v our_o hypothesis_n but_o to_o explicate_v and_o demonstrate_v our_o proposition_n by_o force_n of_o reason_n take_v notice_n that_o we_o say_v not_o that_o god_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o sin_n demonstrate_v god_n concourse_n to_o the_o entitative_a act_n of_o sin_n demonstrate_v but_o that_o he_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o material_a entitative_a act_n of_o sin_n for_o the_o clear_n of_o which_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v that_o many_o thing_n which_o be_v true_a under_o a_o hypothesis_n and_o in_o a_o limit_a sense_n be_v not_o so_o absolute_o thus_o here_o we_o may_v not_o say_v simple_o and_o absolute_o that_o god_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o sin_n yet_o we_o may_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o he_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o substrate_a matter_n
or_o material_a entitative_a act_n of_o sin_n this_o be_v long_o ago_o well_o observe_v by_o aquinas_n who_o tell_v we_o that_o all_o locution_n in_o which_o it_o be_v signify_v that_o god_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o sin_n or_o of_o moral_a evil_n aught_o to_o be_v avoid_v or_o very_o cautelous_o limit_v because_o name_n that_o imply_v deformity_n conjunct_a with_o the_o act_n either_o in_o general_n or_o in_o particular_a it_o can_v be_v say_v of_o they_o that_o they_o be_v from_o god_n whence_o it_o can_v be_v say_v of_o sin_n absolute_o and_o simple_o that_o it_o be_v from_o god_n but_o only_o with_o this_o addition_n or_o limitation_n that_o the_o act_n as_o it_o be_v a_o real_a entity_n be_v from_o god_n this_o be_v premiss_v we_o proceed_v to_o demonstrate_v our_o proposition_n that_o god_n be_v the_o prime_n efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o material_a entitative_a act_n of_o sin_n this_o may_v be_v demonstrate_v 1_o from_o the_o subordination_n of_o all_o second_o cause_n to_o the_o first_o cause_n whatever_o be_v produce_v must_v have_v some_o cause_n of_o its_o production_n as_o plato_n tim._n 28._o and_o if_o it_o have_v a_o cause_n must_v it_o not_o also_o have_v a_o first_o cause_n and_o what_o can_v this_o be_v but_o god_n unless_o we_o will_v with_o the_o manichee_n asset_fw-la two_o first_o cause_n one_o of_o good_a and_o the_o other_o of_o evil_n 2_o from_o the_o participation_n and_o limitation_n of_o every_o finite_a act_n and_o be_v must_v not_o every_o participate_v finite_a create_v dependent_a be_v be_v reduce_v to_o some_o essential_a infinite_a increate_v independent_a be_v as_o the_o prime_n efficient_a thereof_o 3_o from_o the_o conservation_n of_o the_o material_a entitative_a act_n of_o sin_n be_v not_o the_o material_a entitative_a act_n of_o sin_n a_o create_v be_v and_o can_v any_o create_v be_v conserve_v itself_o do_v not_o durandus_fw-la and_o his_o sectator_n grant_v that_o the_o conservation_n of_o being_n be_v from_o god_n and_o if_o god_n providential_a efficience_n be_v necessary_a to_o the_o conservation_n of_o the_o material_a entitative_a act_n of_o sin_n be_v it_o not_o as_o necessary_a to_o its_o first_o production_n what_o be_v conservation_n but_o continue_a production_n as_o to_o god_n this_o argument_n be_v well_o improve_v by_o ariminensis_n sent._n 2._o distinct_a 34._o art_n 3._o pag._n 110._o and_o by_o suarez_n metaphys_n disp_n 22._o sect._n 1._o pag._n 552._o 4_o from_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n of_o its_o particular_a effect_n every_o second_o cause_n be_v indifferent_a to_o variety_n of_o effect_n can_v be_v determine_v to_o any_o one_o individual_a effect_n but_o by_o the_o immediate_a cooperation_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n thus_o suarez_n metaphys_n disp_n 22._o sect._n 1._o pag._n 552._o 5_o from_o the_o substrate_n mater_n of_o all_o evil_a which_o be_v physical_o and_o natural_o good_a there_o be_v no_o moral_a evil_n which_o be_v not_o found_v and_o subjectate_v in_o some_o natural_a good_a even_o hatred_n of_o god_n albeit_o the_o high_a moral_n evil_n yet_o as_o to_o its_o entitative_a material_a act_n it_o be_v natural_o good_a which_o be_v evident_a by_o this_o that_o if_o that_o act_n of_o hatred_n be_v put_v forth_o against_o sin_n it_o will_v be_v moral_o good_a 6_o from_o the_o ordinabilitie_n of_o all_o evil_n to_o some_o good_a there_o be_v no_o act_n so_o evil_a but_o the_o wise_a god_n can_v turn_v it_o to_o some_o good_a the_o crucifixion_n of_o our_o lord_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o high_a evil_n what_o good_a be_v by_o divine_a gubernation_n bring_v out_o of_o it_o do_v it_o not_o much_o exalt_v the_o skill_n of_o a_o wise_a physician_n so_o to_o order_v poison_n as_o to_o make_v it_o medisinal_n so_o it_o exalt_v divine_a gubernation_n to_o bring_v good_a out_o of_o evil_n as_o it_o aggravate_v the_o impiety_n of_o wicked_a man_n that_o they_o bring_v evil_a out_o of_o good_a 7_o do_v it_o not_o take_v from_o god_n the_o main_a of_o his_o providence_n to_o deny_v his_o concourse_n to_o the_o substrate_a matter_n of_o sin_n what_o more_o conduce_v to_o the_o amplitude_n of_o divine_a providence_n than_o to_o allow_v he_o a_o concourse_n to_o and_o gubernation_n of_o all_o real_a act_n and_o event_n 8_o to_o deny_v god_n concourse_n to_o the_o material_a entitative_a act_n of_o sin_n do_v it_o not_o by_o a_o parity_n of_o reason_n subvert_v the_o supernatural_a concourse_n of_o god_n to_o what_o be_v good_a for_o if_o god_n can_v make_v a_o creature_n that_o shall_v be_v independent_a as_o to_o any_o one_o natural_a act_n why_o may_v he_o not_o also_o make_v a_o creature_n that_o shall_v be_v independent_a as_o to_o good_a act_n hence_o 4._o prop._n the_o substrate_a matter_n wil._n how_o sin_n fall_v under_o the_o divine_a wil._n or_o material_a entity_n of_o sin_n fall_v under_o the_o divine_a wil._n this_o follow_v on_o the_o former_a because_o the_o whole_a of_o divine_a concourse_n or_o efficience_n must_v be_v resolve_v into_o the_o will_n of_o god_n as_o before_o once_o and_o again_o but_o more_o particular_o 1_o the_o futurition_n of_o sin_n as_o to_o its_o substrate_a matter_n fall_v under_o the_o eternal_a decree_n of_o the_o divine_a wil._n whatever_o good_a or_o evil_a there_o be_v under_o the_o sun_n as_o to_o its_o real_a entity_n must_v have_v its_o futurition_n from_o the_o divine_a wil._n 22._o immo_n &_o peccatum_fw-la quatenus_fw-la à _fw-la deo_fw-la justè_fw-la permittitur_fw-la cadit_fw-la in_o legem_fw-la aeternam_fw-la augustinus_n de_fw-fr civitat_fw-la dei_fw-la l._n 19_o c._n 22._o sin_n itself_o so_o far_o as_o it_o be_v just_o permit_v by_o god_n fall_v under_o the_o eternal_a law_n of_o the_o divine_a will_n as_o augustin_n well_o observe_v sin_n in_o its_o own_o nature_n as_o antecedent_n to_o the_o divine_a will_n be_v only_o possible_a now_o how_o can_v it_o pass_v from_o a_o condition_n of_o mere_a possibility_n to_o a_o state_n of_o futurition_n but_o by_o some_o intervening_a cause_n and_o what_o can_v we_o imagine_v to_o be_v the_o cause_n hereof_o but_o the_o divine_a will_n may_v we_o not_o then_o hence_o conclude_v that_o sin_n be_v future_a because_o the_o divine_a will_n determine_v for_o just_a end_n to_o permit_v its_o futurition_n 2_o the_o divine_a will_n be_v not_o only_o the_o cause_n of_o sin_n futurition_n but_o it_o have_v moreover_o a_o providential_a gubernation_n and_o efficience_n about_o the_o actual_a existence_n of_o sin_n 1_n as_o for_o the_o natural_a entity_n of_o sin_n the_o divine_a will_n be_v the_o total_a immediate_a efficient_a thereof_o as_o ariminensis_n sent._n 2._o dist_n 34._o ar._n 3._o pag._n 110._o 2_o the_o divine_a will_n also_o physical_o permit_v the_o moral_a pravitie_n and_o obliquity_n of_o sin_n as_o that_o which_o may_v conduce_v to_o the_o advance_v of_o divine_a glory_n for_o this_o great_o conduce_v to_o the_o illustration_n of_o divine_a providence_n to_o permit_v some_o defect_n that_o may_v render_v the_o whole_a more_o beautiful_a as_o aquinas_n at_o large_a demonstrate_v contra_fw-la gent._n l._n 3._o c._n 71._o of_o which_o hereafter_o hence_o 5._o permissive_a god_n will_v about_o the_o obliquity_n of_o sin_n permissive_a prop._n god_n will_v about_o the_o formal_a reason_n or_o obliquity_n of_o sin_n be_v not_o effective_a or_o defective_a but_o only_o permissive_a 1_o that_o god_n will_v about_o the_o obliquity_n of_o sin_n be_v not_o effective_a be_v evident_a because_o sin_n as_o to_o its_o obliquity_n have_v no_o effective_a cause_n 2_o that_o the_o will_n of_o god_n be_v not_o a_o defective_a cause_n of_o sin_n be_v as_o evident_a because_o the_o same_o act_n which_o be_v defectuose_fw-la and_o sinful_a in_o regard_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n be_v not_o such_o in_o regard_n of_o god_n man_n break_v a_o law_n and_o therefore_o sin_n but_o god_n break_v no_o law_n all_o his_o action_n be_v conform_v to_o the_o eternal_a law_n whence_o 3_o god_n will_v about_o the_o obliquity_n of_o sin_n be_v only_o permissive_a but_o now_o to_o clear_v up_o god_n permissive_a will_n about_o sin_n we_o be_v to_o consider_v 1_o that_o permission_n proper_o as_o to_o man_n be_v not_o a_o action_n of_o the_o law_n but_o a_o negation_n of_o action_n when_o any_o permit_v another_o to_o do_v what_o he_o may_v hinder_v but_o be_v under_o no_o obligation_n to_o hinder_v hence_o no_o man_n may_v permit_v sin_n because_o he_o be_v under_o a_o obligation_n to_o hinder_v it_o but_o god_n may_v because_o he_o be_v under_o to_o obligation_n to_o hinder_v it_o as_o also_o because_o he_o can_v bring_v good_a out_o of_o it_o 2_o that_o permission_n be_v either_o of_o a_o legislator_n or_o rector_n god_n permission_n of_o sin_n be_v not_o as_o he_o be_v legislator_n but_o only_o as_o rector_n and_o governer_n of_o the_o world_n god_n give_v no_o man_n
limit_n this_o modal_a distinction_n to_o the_o dependence_n of_o the_o creature_n in_o its_o first_o emanation_n or_o creation_n but_o grant_v that_o its_o dependence_n in_o operation_n be_v real_o the_o same_o with_o the_o essence_n of_o the_o creature_n 4_o suppose_v we_o allow_v a_o modal_a distinction_n between_o the_o creature_n dependence_n and_o essence_n yet_o who_o know_v not_o but_o that_o the_o most_o awaken_v philosopher_n now_o general_o grant_v that_o modes_n special_o such_o as_o be_v substantial_a and_o essential_a do_v not_o real_o differ_v from_o the_o thing_n modify_v thus_o calovius_n metaphys_n pag._n 434._o dependence_n say_v he_o be_v a_o mode_n of_o a_o create_v be_v agree_v to_o it_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o imperfection_n which_o be_v not_o the_o very_a essence_n of_o the_o creature_n nor_o yet_o a_o new_a entity_n distinct_a from_o the_o essence_n but_o something_o affect_v the_o create_v essence_n and_o he_o cite_v suarez_n for_o this_o his_o hypothesis_n hence_o §_o 7._o creatural_a dependence_n according_a to_o its_o formal_a idea_n and_o notion_n subordination_n dependence_n import_v subordination_n import_v a_o presupposition_n of_o influence_n or_o subordination_n posterioritie_n and_o inferioritie_n 1_o creatural_a dependence_n import_v a_o presupposition_n of_o influence_n or_o subordination_n to_o the_o first_o cause_n this_o be_v primary_o and_o formal_o include_v in_o the_o very_a notion_n of_o dependence_n neither_o do_v it_o add_v any_o real_a entity_n or_o mode_n distinct_a from_o the_o creature_n but_o explicate_v only_o the_o intrinsec_fw-la condition_n and_o habitude_n of_o the_o creature_n relate_v to_o the_o omnipotent_a causalitie_n and_o influence_n of_o god_n this_o subordination_n to_o god_n as_o the_o first_o cause_n arise_v from_o the_o imperfection_n of_o the_o creature_n and_o the_o absolute_a dominion_n of_o god_n and_o as_o to_o its_o latitude_n and_o extent_n it_o regard_v both_o natural_a and_o supernatural_a influence_n and_o being_n by_o supernatural_a being_n and_n influence_n i_o mean_v such_o as_o be_v above_o the_o sphere_n of_o nature_n be_v not_o connatural_a to_o or_o producible_a by_o its_o force_n and_o power_n these_o supernatural_a being_n have_v causality_n proportionable_a to_o their_o entity_n in_o which_o they_o be_v subordinate_a to_o god_n and_o dependent_a on_o he_o as_o natural_a being_n in_o their_o kind_n and_o in_o this_o respect_n the_o creature_n subordination_n to_o and_o dependence_n on_o god_n in_o the_o whole_a of_o its_o causalitie_n be_v commun_v both_o to_o natural_a and_o supernatural_a being_n yea_o supernatural_a being_n by_o virtue_n of_o their_o subordination_n to_o god_n may_v be_v elevate_v and_o raise_v to_o act_n and_o cause_n somewhat_o beyond_o that_o causalitie_n which_o be_v connatural_a to_o they_o for_o even_o in_o this_o regard_n they_o be_v not_o less_o subordinate_a and_o subject_a to_o god_n than_o natural_a being_n be_v in_o their_o kind_n as_o suarez_n well_o urge_v metaph._n tom._n 2._o disput_fw-la 31._o sect._n 14._o pag._n 215._o such_o be_v the_o subordination_n both_o as_o to_o natural_n and_o supernatural_n which_o creatural_a dependence_n on_o god_n as_o the_o first_o cause_n formal_o include_v hence_o 2_o follow_v posterioritie_n posterioritie_n 2._o posterioritie_n every_o dependent_a as_o such_o be_v posterior_n to_o that_o on_o which_o it_o depend_v so_o the_o creature_n as_o to_o god_n aquinas_n tell_v we_o that_o all_o second_o cause_n act_v by_o virtue_n receive_v from_o the_o first_o cause_n as_o instrument_n act_v by_o the_o direction_n of_o art_n wherefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o all_o other_o agent_n whereby_o god_n fulfil_v the_o order_n of_o his_o gubernation_n act_n by_o virtue_n from_o god_n and_o thence_o that_o they_o be_v posterior_n to_o he_o and_o this_o i_o think_v if_o well_o understand_v may_v satisfy_v all_o those_o who_o with_o so_o much_o vehemence_n oppose_v all_o kind_n of_o predetermination_n by_o divine_a concourse_n as_o to_o the_o human_a will_n for_o if_o we_o grant_v that_o god_n be_v the_o first_o cause_n of_o the_o will_n motion_n i_o can_v see_v how_o we_o can_v deny_v he_o the_o predetermination_n of_o the_o wil._n though_o to_o avoid_v needless_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i_o general_o abstain_v from_o the_o term_n predetermination_n yet_o without_o that_o prejudice_n which_o some_o i_o conceive_v undeserved_o load_v it_o with_o for_o if_o the_o concourse_n of_o god_n be_v previous_a to_o the_o causalitie_n of_o the_o will_n so_o as_o to_o determine_v the_o same_o to_o act_v as_o we_o have_v demonstrate_v ch._n 7._o §_o 4._o i_o as_o yet_o can_v according_a to_o my_o shallow_a capacity_n see_v any_o cogent_a reason_n why_o the_o say_v previous_a concourse_n may_v not_o be_v term_v predeterminant_a but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o argument_n creatural_a dependence_n imply_v a_o posterioritie_n 1_o as_o to_o nature_n and_o causalitie_n 2_o as_o to_o origination_n and_o order_n 3_o as_o to_o dignity_n inferioritie_n 3._o inferioritie_n whence_o 3_o creatural_a dependence_n import_v also_o inferioritie_n for_o every_o dependent_a as_o such_o as_o inferior_a to_o that_o it_o depend_v on_o thus_o alvarez_n de_fw-fr auxil_n grat._n disput_fw-la 90._o pag._n 714._o dependence_n proper_o in_o cause_n efficient_a import_v a_o certain_a subordination_n and_o inferioritie_n of_o he_o who_o depend_v to_o he_o on_o who_o he_o depend_v therefore_o the_o divine_a operation_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n do_v not_o depend_v on_o the_o cooperation_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o cooperation_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n depend_v on_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n which_o be_v previous_a as_o ch._n 7._o §_o 4._o §_o 8._o allthing_n create_v depend_v on_o god_n as_o to_o their_o futurition_n futurition_n creatural_a dependence_n as_o to_o futurition_n for_o the_o explication_n and_o demonstration_n of_o this_o proposition_n we_o may_v consider_v 1_o that_o allthing_n future_a must_v have_v some_o cause_n of_o their_o futurition_n nothing_o future_a be_v of_o its_o own_o nature_n or_o by_o its_o own_o force_n future_a but_o indifferent_a to_o futurition_n or_o non-futurition_a if_o thing_n be_v in_o their_o own_o nature_n and_o of_o themselves_o future_a than_o they_o will_v be_v always_o future_a and_o never_o present_a for_o that_o which_o agree_v to_o any_o thing_n of_o its_o own_o nature_n agree_v to_o it_o inseparable_o hence_o it_o follow_v that_o futurition_n can_v agree_v to_o thing_n of_o their_o own_o nature_n but_o by_o some_o cause_n which_o bring_v they_o from_o a_o state_n of_o indifference_n and_o possibility_n to_o a_o state_n of_o futurition_n and_o assure_o that_o which_o have_v not_o a_o certain_a determinate_a cause_n of_o its_o futurition_n can_v be_v certain_o and_o determinate_o future_a but_o only_o possible_a 2_o that_o which_o give_v futurition_n unto_o allthing_n be_v the_o divine_a will_n and_o decree_n it_o be_v impossible_a that_o any_o thing_n shall_v pass_v from_o a_o state_n of_o pure_a possibility_n to_o a_o state_n of_o futurition_n but_o by_o the_o will_n of_o god_n thing_n be_v not_o foresee_v and_o decree_v by_o god_n because_o future_a as_o some_o will_v needs_o persuade_v we_o but_o they_o be_v therefore_o future_a because_o decree_v by_o god_n thus_o wiclef_n hold_v that_o the_o determination_n of_o god_n give_v the_o high_a firmitie_n in_o the_o futurition_n of_o his_o work_n as_o walden_n tom._n 1._o l._n 1._o c._n 23._o pag._n 37._o and_o bradwardine_n assert_v that_o every_o proposition_n of_o what_o be_v future_a be_v subject_v to_o the_o divine_a will_n and_o originate_v thereby_o so_o that_o indeed_o not_o create_v be_v either_o simple_a or_o complexe_n can_v be_v future_a antecedent_o to_o the_o divine_a wil._n whence_o it_o necessary_o follow_v 3_o that_o allthing_n future_a depend_v on_o god_n for_o their_o futurition_n every_o thing_n may_v as_o well_o give_v be_v to_o itself_o as_o futurition_n of_o this_o see_v more_o ch._n 5._o §_o 2._o of_o god_n science_n §_o 9_o all_o creature_n depend_v on_o god_n as_o to_o their_o first_o production_n and_o conservation_n 1_o all_o creature_n depend_v on_o god_n as_o to_o their_o first_o production_n and_o existence_n plato_n in_o his_o timaeus_n p._n 28._o say_v conservation_n creatural_a dependence_n as_o to_o essence_n and_o conservation_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o every_o thing_n produce_v be_v necessary_o produce_v by_o some_o cause_n for_o nothing_o can_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o itself_o as_o novitie_n of_o essence_n be_v essential_a to_o the_o creature_n so_o also_o dependence_n on_o god_n for_o that_o essence_n yea_o every_o mutation_n and_o state_n of_o the_o creature_n with_o all_o its_o various_a modification_n be_v from_o god_n yea_o suarez_n metaphys_n tom._n 2._o disp_n 31._o sect_n 14._o p._n 216._o tell_v we_o that_o a_o create_v be_v as_o such_o consider_v precise_o and_o abstract_o require_v no_o other_o cause_n