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A64661 The judgement of the late Arch-Bishop of Armagh and Primate of Ireland 1. Of the extent of Christs death and satisfaction &c, 2. Of the Sabbath, and observation of the Lords day, 3. Of the ordination in other reformed churches : with a vindication of him from a pretended change of opinion in the first, some advertisements upon the latter, and in prevention of further injuries, a declaration of his judgement in several other subjects / by N. Bernard. Ussher, James, 1581-1656.; Bernard, Nicholas, d. 1661. 1658 (1658) Wing U188; ESTC R24649 53,942 189

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the genuine Epistles of Ignatius are fouly depraved by a number of beggarly patches added unto his purple by later hands there is an ancient Latine translation to bee found in the Library of Caies Colledge in Cambridge which although it be very rude and corrupt both in many other and in this very same place also of the Epistle to the Magnesians yet is it free from these additaments and in many respects to be preferred before the common Greek Copy as well because it agreeth with the Citations of Eusebius Athanasius and Theodoret and hath the sentences vouched by them out of Ignatius and particularly that of the Eucharist in the Epistle to the Smyrnians which are not at all to be found in our Greek and hath in a manner none of all those places in the true Epistles of Ignatius against which exception hath been taken by our Divines which addeth great strength to those exceptions of theirs and sheweth that they were not made without good cause Now in this Translation there is nothing to be found touching the Sabbath and the Lords day in the Epistle to the Magnesians but these words only Non ampliùs sabbatizantes sed secundùm Dominicam viventes in quâ vita nostra orta est whereunto these of our common Greeke may be made answerable 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 all those other words alleadged by Dr. Heylin part 2. pag. 43. to prove that Ignatius would have both the Sabbath and the Lords day observed being afterwards added by some later Grecian who was afraid that the custome of keeping both dayes observed in his time should appear otherwise to be directly opposite to the sentence of Ignatius whereas his main intention was to oppose the Ebionites of his owne time who as Eusebius witnesseth in the third book of his Ecclesiasticall History did both keep the Sabbath with the Jewes and also 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 By whose imitation of the Church herein the antiquity of the observation of the Lords day may be further confirmed Ebion being known to have been St. Paul's Antagonist and to have given out of himself that he was one of those that brought the prices of their goods and laid them down at the Apostles feet as the universality of the observance may be gathered by the argument drawn from thence by Eusebius towards the end of his Oration of the praises of Constantine to prove the preeminency of our Saviour Christ above all the gods of the Heathen because this prescript of his touching the celebration of this day was admitted and submitted unto not within the Dominions of Constantine onely but also throughout the compasse of the whole world Quis n. saith he cunctis totius orbis terrarum incobis seu terra seu mari illi sint praescripserit ut singulis septimanis in unum convenientes diem Dominicum festum celebrarent instituentque ut sicut corpora pascerent cibariis sic animos Divinis Disciplinis refi●erent We see then that the Doctrine which the true Ignatius received immediately from the hands of the Apostles was the very same with that was delivered by the Fathers of the Councel of Laodicea about 250 years after for the profs produced by the Authours to whom my Lord of Eli pag. 73. refereth us for having it to be held before the first Nicene are nothing worth Non oportet Christianos Judaizare in Sabbatho otiari sed ipsos eo die operari diem autem dominicum praeferentes otiari si modo possint ut Christianos the contrary whereunto Pope Gregory the first in Registr lib. 11. Epist. 3. esteemeth to bee the Doctrine of the Preachers of Antichrist qui veniens diem Dominicum Sabbatum ab omni opere faciet custodiri which my Lord of Eli pag. 219. rendreth upon the old Sabbath-day or upon the Sunday by a strange kinde of mistake turning the copulative into a disjunctive A Letter of Doctor Twisse to the Lord Primate thanking him for the former Letter and his Book de primordiis Brit. Eccles. The History of Goteschalcus c. where the honour and respect he gives him is exemplary unto others Most Reverend Father in God I was very glad to hear of your Grace his coming over into England and now I have a faire opportunity to expresse my thankfull acknowledgement of that great favour wherewith you were pleased to honour me in bestowing one of your books upon me de origine Britannicarum Ecclesiarum which I received from Sir Benjamin Rudierd in your Grace his name about the end of Summer last wherein I do observe not onely your great learning and various reading manifested at full but your singular wisdom also in reference to the necessitous condition of these times taking so fair an occasion to insert therein the History of the Pelagian Heresie so opportunely coming in your way Your History of Goteschalcus was a piece of the like nature which came forth most seasonably we know what meetings there were in London thereupon by some and to what end to relieve the reputation of Vossius who laboured not a little when he was discovered to have alleadged the confession of Pelagius for the confession of Austin As also in fathering upon the Adrametine Monkes the Original of the Praedestinarian Heresie I was at that time upon answering Corvinus his defence of Arminius and had dispatcht one digression upon the same argument and in the issue concluded that it was but a trick of the Pelagians to cast the Nick-name of the Praedestinarian Heresie upon the Orthodox Doctrine of St. Austine But upon the coming forth of your Goteschalcus I was not onely confirmed therein but upon better and more evident grounds enabled in a second digression to meet with the Dictates of who endeavoured to justifie the conceit of Vossius but upon very weak grounds Thus I have observed with comfort the hand of God to have gone along with your Grace for the honouring of the cause of his truth in so precious a point as is the glory of his Grace And I nothing doubt but the same hand of our good God will be with you still and his wisdome will appear in all things you undertake whether of your own choice or upon the motion of others There being never more need of hearkening unto and putting in practice our Saviours rule Be ye wise as Serpents and innocent as Doves And have I not as great cause to return your Grace most hearty thanks for the kind Letters I received in answer to the motions I was emboldned to make had it been but onely to signifie the great satisfaction I received thereby in divers particulars but especially in two principal ones the one the mystery of the feasts of first fruits opened to the singular advantage of the honour of the Lords day in the time of the Gospel the other in correcting Ignatius by a Latine Manuscript of Caies Colledge which since I have gotten
Armachanus one of this Primates Predecessors and one of the most Learned men in his time to be accordingly Armachani opinio est quod si omues Episcopi essent defuncti sacerdotes minores possunt ordinare applies it to the like Protestant Churches which the Primate mentions Hac freti necessitate si Ecclesiae quaedam protestantium quae ordinationes ab Episcopis Papistis expectare non poterant consensu Presbyterorum suorum Presbyteros ordinarunt non inde Episcopali dignitati praejudicasse sed necessitati Ecclesiae obtemperasse judicandi sint Thus much for Bishop Davenants concurrence to which divers others might be added as in speciall Doctor Richard Field sometimes Dean of Glocester in his Learned Book of the Church lib. 3. cap. 39. and lib. 5. cap. 27. where this judgement of the Primates and this concurrence of Bishop Davenants is largely confirmed without the least derogation from the preheminencie of Episcopacy But that book entituled The defence of the Ordination of the Ministers of the reformed Churches beyond the Seas maintained by Mr Arch-Deacon Mason against the Romanists who wrote also a defence of Episcopacy and of the Ministery of the Church of England is sufficiently known and I have been assured it was not onely the Judgement of Bishop Overal but that he had a principal hand in it He produceth many Testimonies The Master of the Sentences and most of the Schoolmen Bonaventure Tho. Aquinas Durand Dominicus Soto Richardus Armachanus Tostatus Alphonsus à Castro Gerson Petrus Canisius to have affirmed the same and at last quoteth Medina a principal Bishop of the Councel of Trent who affirmed That Jerome Ambrose Augustine Sedulius Primasius Chrysostome Theodoret Theophylact were of the same judgement also And I suppose there is none doubts but that the Primate joyned with Arch-Deacon Mason in that conclusive wish of his viz. That wherein the Discipline of France or Holland is defective they would by all possible means redresse and reform it and conforme themselves to the ancient custome of the Discipline of Christ which hath continued from the Apostles time that so they may remove all opinion of singularity and stop the mouth of malice it selfe In a word If the ordination of Presbyters in such places where Bishops cannot be had were not valid the late Bishops of Scotland had a hard task to maintain themselves to be Bishops who were not Priests for their Ordination was no other And for this a passage in the History of Scotland wrote by the Arch-Bishop of Saint Andrews is observable viz. That when tke Scots Bishops were to be consecrated by the Bishops of London Ely and Bath here at London house An. 1609. he saith A question was moved by Doctor Andrews Bishop of Ely touching the consecration of the Scottish Bishops who as he said must first be ordained Presbyters as having received no ordination from a Bishop The Arch-Bishop of Canterbury Doctor Bancroft who was by maintained That thereof there was no necessity seeing where Bishops could not be had the ordination given by the Presbyters must be esteemed lawfull otherwise that it might be doubted if there were any lawfull vocation in most of the reformed Churches This applauded to by the other Bishops Ely acquiesced and at the day and in the place appointed the three Scottish Bishops were consecrated by the above-said three English Bishops the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury forbearing for another cause there mentioned Now though the ordination of Presbyters in this case of necessity be granted to be valid yet I have heard this learned Primate wonder at the neglect found in the late Presbyterian way of ordation viz. That at imposition of hands they neither used the ancient form of words with which the first framers of it were themselves ordained nor used any other to that sence in their room at least there is no order or direction for it For suppose the words of our Saviour to the Apostles John 10. 21 21. at their ordination were scrupled at viz. Receive the holy Ghost whose sins thou dost forgive are forgiven and whose sins thou dost retain are retained which rightly understood gave no just cause yet why might not the next words have been continued viz. and be thou a faithfull dispenser of the word of God and of his holy Sacraments in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the holy Ghost or the other words upon the solemne delivery of the Bible into the hands of the person ordained Take thou authority to preach the word of God and to minister the holy Sacraments in the Congregation where thou shalt be so appointed I can imagine no cause against the use of one of these unlesse it be because they had been used there as if in this sense old things must be done away and all must be new To impose hands according to the injunction of the Apostle and to have it accompanied with prayer and thanksgiving for the person is well done wich in the former constitution was solemnly observed before and after it but why should the formal transmitting of Authority also in the name of Christ for the power of officiating be left undone if the scruple in the instrumental cause be satisfied why might it not have been prevented in the formall who might have freely given what they had received Now to give the seal of ordination as some please to call imposition of hands without any expresse commission annexed or grant of Authority to the person the Primate was wont to say seemed to him to be like the putting of a seale to a blanck which being so weighty a businesse I wish prudent men would consider of least in the future it arm the adversary with objections and fill our own with further scruples And so much far larger then I intended for the prevention of any offence which might be taken at the one part of the Letter Now for the other clause of his judgement which he leaves unto me to judge what in reason I might apprehend to be his I leave it accordingly to the judgement of others All that can give any offence is that term of Schisme But in regard it is not directly determined but onely that he could not be an Advocate to excuse it and being delivered in that Latitude that it is dubious whether forreigne to which the question chiefly relateth or domestick former times or latter may take the application I shall not offend the Reader with any larger Apology onely wherein any shall find themselves concerned I wish such humble and meek spirits that the admonition of so pious and eminent a Bishop whose fame is throughout the Churches might prevaile to the amendmeut of what hath been amisse among us If I have abounded beyond my measure to the hazard of the offence of both parties in these advertisements let it be excused by the impartiality of it and the unbyassed intention for the setling of truth and peace so shaken of later dayes The