Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	charge_n	excellent_a	great_a	54	3	2.1090	3	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A36730	Atlas Chinensis being a second part of A relation of remarkable passages in two embassies from the East-India Company of the United Provinces to the vice-roy Singlamong and General Taising Lipovi and to Konchi, Emperor of China and East-Tartary : with a relation of the Netherlanders assisting the Tarter against Coxinga and the Chinese fleet, who till then were masters of the sea : and a more exact geographical description than formerly both of the whole empire of China in general and in particular of every of the fifteen provinces / collected out of their several writings and journals by Arnoldus Montanus ; English'd and adorn'd with above a hundred several sculptures by John Ogilby.	Montanus, Arnoldus, 1625?-1683.; Dapper, Olfert, 1639-1689.; Ogilby, John, 1600-1676.; Nederlandsche Oost-Indische Compagnie.; United Provinces of the Netherlands.	1671 (1671)	Wing D242; ESTC R5629	631,298	665

of_o their_o office_n before_o he_o declare_v public_o that_o they_o will_v no_o long_o serve_v in_o their_o place_n and_o the_o more_o bold_o they_o throw_v they_o down_o if_o the_o emperor_n design_n any_o thing_n which_o they_o fear_v may_v prove_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o realm_n and_o that_o he_o will_v not_o hearken_v to_o they_o it_o happen_v some_o year_n since_o that_o the_o emperor_n vanlie_n who_o cloud_v all_o his_o achievement_n by_o his_o insatiable_o lustful_a desire_n for_o notwithstanding_o he_o have_v a_o lawful_a son_n yet_o he_o will_v declare_v a_o bastard_n to_o be_v heir_n of_o the_o empire_n but_o the_o peer_n and_o governor_n be_v against_o it_o say_v they_o will_v not_o suffer_v so_o base_a a_o election_n yet_o the_o emperor_n not_o regard_v their_o say_v all_o the_o magistrate_n that_o be_v in_o the_o city_n be_v to_o the_o number_n of_o two_o thousand_o go_v to_o the_o palace_n and_o force_v he_o against_o his_o will_n by_o lay_v off_o their_o livery_n to_o declare_v the_o lawful_a heir_n to_o be_v successor_n the_o like_a occasion_n happen_v anno_fw-la 1651._o for_o when_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o guardian_n and_o uncle_n to_o the_o young_a emperor_n another_o tartar_n will_v govern_v allege_v that_o the_o emperor_n age_n be_v not_o fit_a for_o such_o a_o management_n all_o the_o governor_n lay_v down_o their_o badge_n whereby_o he_o be_v force_v to_o desist_v and_o in_o this_o manner_n a_o youth_n of_o sixteen_o year_n old_a call_v xunghi_n be_v the_o true_a heir_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n beside_o these_o magistrate_n or_o privy-councellor_n at_o the_o court_n there_o be_v several_a trigaut_n other_o office_n or_o council-chamber_n for_o divers_a business_n but_o the_o chief_a and_o most_o honourable_a be_v that_o which_o be_v call_v hanlinyven_v into_o which_o none_o but_o learned_a doctor_n be_v admit_v those_o which_o be_v in_o this_o imperial_a office_n do_v nothing_o but_o read_v several_a book_n and_o may_v not_o trouble_v themselves_o with_o public_a concern_v when_o as_o nevertheless_o they_o exceed_v those_o that_o sit_v at_o the_o helm_n wherefore_o many_o endeavour_n great_o to_o get_v into_o their_o society_n their_o business_n be_v only_o to_o write_v the_o emperor_n letter_n annual_a chronicle_n and_o to_o make_v law_n and_o ordinance_n out_o of_o these_o be_v also_o choose_v the_o tutor_n for_o the_o emperor_n and_o prince_n in_o this_o society_n be_v several_a degree_n of_o honour_n which_o every_o one_o attain_v to_o by_o their_o writing_n a_o good_a style_n after_o which_o they_o be_v raise_v to_o the_o high_a preferment_n within_o the_o court_n none_o be_v choose_v to_o be_v of_o that_o most_o eminent_a office_n of_o colao_n but_o out_o of_o they_o those_o that_o be_v in_o this_o society_n make_v great_a advantage_n by_o write_a epistle_n and_o encomium_n of_o their_o friend_n nay_o every_o one_o account_v himself_o happy_a if_o he_o can_v but_o get_v they_o bestow_v great_a charge_n and_o trouble_v to_o that_o end_n for_o if_o they_o have_v but_o the_o name_n that_o they_o be_v make_v by_o they_o they_o be_v account_v excellent_a though_o never_o so_o bad_a last_o those_o that_o be_v of_o this_o society_n be_v chief_a councillor_n and_o judge_n in_o the_o examination_n of_o cause_n both_o divine_a and_o moral_a and_o be_v by_o the_o professor_n of_o science_n account_v master_n of_o literature_n beside_o all_o these_o court_n there_o be_v one_o supreme_a court_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a in_o semedo_fw-la the_o whole_a empire_n none_o can_v be_v receive_v into_o this_o unless_o they_o have_v be_v of_o the_o imperial_a society_n call_v hanlin_n or_o hanlinyven_v before_o mention_v and_o after_o they_o have_v a_o considerable_a time_n be_v in_o place_n of_o government_n and_o make_v sufficient_a proof_n of_o their_o mildness_n policy_n and_o prudence_n and_o that_o no_o letter_n of_o complaint_n have_v be_v set_v out_o against_o they_o this_o court_n consist_v of_o four_o or_o at_o most_o of_o six_o person_n which_o be_v call_v colaos_n and_o coglog_n the_o emperor_n vanlie_n grandfather_n to_o the_o emperor_n zunchin_n will_v never_o suffer_v more_o than_o one_o colao_n allege_v that_o the_o rest_n be_v needless_a the_o quality_n of_o colao_n to_o speak_v proper_o be_v no_o peculiar_a office_n because_o they_o take_v care_n of_o the_o general_a government_n of_o the_o state_n and_o be_v just_a like_o supreme_a judge_n of_o all_o court_n and_o dominion_n in_o the_o whole_a empire_n though_o they_o be_v never_o all_o together_o but_o when_o they_o dispatch_v grand_a business_n for_o the_o emperor_n who_o be_v not_o always_o present_a upon_o the_o conclude_a they_o be_v many_o time_n force_v to_o be_v in_o the_o palace_n to_o answer_v those_o petition_n which_o be_v hourly_o bring_v to_o the_o emperor_n this_o do_v they_o be_v necessitate_v to_o find_v out_o the_o emperor_n and_o inform_v he_o of_o their_o several_a result_v which_o have_v hear_v he_o do_v justice_n to_o the_o party_n and_o pronounce_v the_o ultimate_a sentence_n by_o either_o confirm_a or_o alter_v their_o conclusion_n these_o colaos_n be_v in_o the_o high_a esteem_n and_o above_o all_o the_o counsel_n or_o magistrate_n who_o at_o a_o certain_a time_n come_v and_o show_v reverence_n to_o they_o as_o their_o superior_n in_o a_o open_a hall_n the_o colaos_n during_o this_o ceremony_n stand_v up_o and_o all_o the_o officer_n according_a to_o their_o degree_n walk_v cross_v the_o hall_n come_v before_o they_o they_o turn_v about_o and_o bow_v their_o head_n down_o to_o the_o ground_n which_o ceremony_n be_v call_v quo_fw-la tham_fw-mi that_o be_v pass_v through_o the_o hall_n there_o be_v also_o a_o great_a difference_n betwixt_o the_o colaos_n robe_n and_o those_o of_o the_o other_o magistrate_n for_o their_o girdle_n be_v beset_v with_o precious_a stone_n which_o they_o call_v yuxe_n which_o none_o but_o colaos_n may_v wear_v in_o the_o whole_a empire_n nay_o they_o receive_v their_o order_n by_o the_o emperor_n be_v own_o hand_n as_o the_o knight_n among_o we_o their_o honour_n from_o the_o king_n himself_o father_n nicholas_n trigaut_n describe_v the_o colaos_n authority_n and_o office_n in_o the_o follow_a word_n beside_o these_o six_o court_n there_o be_v another_o the_o most_o eminent_a in_o the_o whole_a realm_n and_o the_o emperor_n palace_n those_o which_o belong_v to_o it_o be_v call_v colaos_n and_o be_v general_o three_o or_o four_o in_o number_n and_o sometime_o six_o they_o have_v charge_n of_o no_o particular_a business_n but_o mind_n the_o general_n concern_v of_o the_o empire_n and_o sit_v in_o private_a consultation_n with_o the_o emperor_n daily_o in_o his_o palace_n and_o in_o regard_n the_o emperor_n at_o present_a do_v not_o appear_v in_o person_n at_o treaty_n of_o public_a affair_n of_o the_o realm_n which_o he_o former_o use_v to_o dispatch_v they_o stay_v the_o whole_a day_n in_o the_o palace_n and_o answer_v petition_n which_o in_o great_a number_n be_v bring_v according_a as_o they_o think_v fit_a with_o which_o answer_n they_o go_v to_o the_o emperor_n who_o regio_n nutu_fw-la by_o his_o beck_n either_o confirm_v or_o alter_v they_o thus_o far_o trigaut_n the_o like_a quality_n and_o office_n father_n martin_n ascribe_v to_o they_o in_o the_o follow_a sinens●…s_o word_n the_o six_o court_n viz._n lypu_n hupu_n pingpu_n cungpu_n hingpu_n be_v not_o concern_v in_o public_a matter_n of_o the_o whole_a realm_n but_o only_o with_o private_a consultation_n for_o the_o governor_n make_v their_o request_n to_o the_o emperor_n by_o way_n of_o petition_n who_o have_v consider_v of_o the_o business_n send_v they_o to_o every_o court_n to_o which_o they_o belong_v the_o assistant_n whereof_o after_o serious_a consideration_n acquaint_v the_o emperor_n with_o their_o opinons_n in_o write_v which_o he_o then_o according_a to_o his_o pleasure_n sinic_n either_o vacate_n or_o affirm_v which_o that_o he_o may_v the_o better_o be_v able_a to_o do_v he_o choose_v some_o of_o the_o prime_a philosopher_n in_o the_o whole_a empire_n for_o his_o assistant_n who_o be_v call_v colaos_n or_o caise_v that_o be_v assistant_n in_o government_n these_o be_v in_o the_o sinic_n next_o degree_n to_o the_o emperor_n and_o aid_v he_o in_o dispatch_v of_o business_n consult_v with_o he_o in_o person_n as_o be_v his_o privy-council_n for_o he_o be_v seldom_o see_v by_o any_o other_o magistrate_n judge_n justices_z or_o councillor_n thus_o far_o martin_n those_o which_o the_o chineses_n call_v colao_n we_o if_o we_o observe_v the_o original_n of_o the_o name_n shall_v term_v assistant_n to_o the_o emperor_n partly_o for_o their_o honourable_a employment_n and_o partly_o as_o be_v next_o the_o emperor_n the_o prime_a governor_n of_o the_o whole_a realm_n thus_o far_o of_o the_o general_a government_n and_o council_n or_o office_n of_o the_o realm_n which_o so_o

zukeng_v 7_o 1258_o xxii_o zukia_fw-la 2_o 1225_o xxiii_o linsin_n 63_o 1219_o xxiv_o kent_v 21_o 1198_o xxv_o uvye_fw-mi 4_o 1194_o xxvi_o tait_v 3_o 1191_o xxvii_o tiye_o 37_o 1154_o xxviii_o vhe_fw-it 33_o after_o the_o subdue_a of_o the_o house_n of_o xang_n rise_v the_o family_n cheu_n anno_fw-la 1122._o and_o flourish_v till_o anno_fw-la 247._o before_o our_o savior_n nativity_n under_o thirty_o seven_o emperor_n the_o first_o of_o they_o be_v a_o prince_n call_v fa_n who_o when_o he_o enjoy_v the_o crown_n change_v his_o name_n to_o five_o which_o signify_v valiant_a and_o they_o say_v that_o from_o he_o all_o the_o emperor_n since_o at_o their_o enter_v on_o the_o throne_n change_v their_o name_n he_o possess_v in_o the_o province_n xensi_fw-la a_o country_n name_v cheu_n from_o whence_o the_o family_n receive_v their_o denomination_n before_o christ_n birth_n reign_v year_n 1078_o i._n fa_o or_o u_o 7_o 1115_o ii_o ching_n 38_o 1122_o iii_o kang_n 26_o 1056_o iu_o cha_n 51_o 1001_o v._o mother_n 55_o 946_o vi_o cung_n 12_o 934_o vii_o be_v 25_o 894_o viii_o hia_n 15_o 896_o ix_o be_v 16_o 878_o x._o li_n 38_o 827_o xi_o siveni_fw-la 46_o 781_o xii_o je_fw-fr 11_o 770_o xiii_o ping_n 51_o 719_o fourteen_o you_o 23_o 696_o xv._n chuang_n 15_o 631_o xvi_o li_z 5_o 676_o xvii_o hoei_fw-it 25_o 651_o xviii_o siang_n 33_o 618_o xix_o hiang_n 6_o 612_o xx._n quang_n 6_o 606_o xxi_o fing_v 21_o 585_o xxii_o kien_fw-fr 14_o 571_o xxiii_o ling_n 27_o 544_o xxiv_o king_n 25_o 519_o xxv_o king_n 44_o between_o which_o be_v the_o emperor_n menguen_o who_o reign_v scarce_o a_o month_n  _fw-fr reign_v  _fw-fr year_n 475_o xxvi_o yuen_n 7_o 468_o xxvii_o chint_v 27_o 440_o xxx_o ka_o 15_o ka_o be_v account_v the_o thirty_o for_o after_o chintung_n death_n his_o other_o son_n be_v kiucie_a and_o xocie_n attempt_v for_o the_o empire_n and_o in_o that_o regard_n be_v account_v as_o be_v two_o viz._n the_o twenty_o eight_o and_o twenty_o nine_o because_o they_o act_v for_o some_o time_n but_o at_o last_o ka_o master_v they_o become_v absolute_a and_o so_o be_v reckon_v the_o thirty_o  _fw-fr reign_v year_n 542_o xxxi_o gueilie_n 24_o 401_o xxxii_o begin_v 26_o 375_o xxxiii_o lie_v 7_o 368_o xxxiv_o hien_n 48_o 322_o xxxv_o xicini_fw-la 6_o 314_o xxxvi_o foe_n 59_o 254_o xxxvii_o cheukuni_fw-la 9_o after_o the_o house_n of_o cheu_n come_v the_o family_n cin_n under_o their_o advancer_n ching_n who_o be_v afterward_o call_v xi_o in_o the_o year_n 246._o and_o continue_v but_o to_o anno_fw-la 206._o  _fw-fr reign_v year_n 246_o i._n ching_n or_o xi_o 37_o 209_o ii_o ulxi_fw-la 3_o 206_o iii_o ing_n 46_o after_o the_o family_n cin_n the_o house_n of_o han_n follow_v which_o flourish_v till_o anno_fw-la 264._o after_o christ._n the_o first_o raiser_n of_o this_o house_n be_v before_o the_o nativity_n reign_v year_n 206_o i._n lieupang_v or_o kaozu_n 17_o 194_o ii_o hoei_fw-la 7_o 187_o iii_o liuheva_n a_o woman_n 8_o 179_o iu_o veni_fw-la 23_o 156_o v._o hiaok_v 16_o 140_o vi_o hiaou_fw-la 54_o 86_o vii_o hiaoche_n 12_o 74_o viii_o ho_o 7_o 73_o ix_o siveni_fw-la 25_o 48_o x._o juen_v 16_o 32_o xi_o ching_n 26_o 6_o xii_o ngay_n 6_o these_o be_v the_o name_n of_o the_o emperor_n every_o one_o in_o their_o family_n before_o the_o birth_n of_o our_o saviour_n according_a as_o they_o be_v write_v in_o the_o chinese_n chronicle_n translate_v into_o latin_a by_o father_n martin_n but_o those_o that_o have_v reign_v since_o the_o incarnation_n i_o have_v receive_v no_o account_n of_o be_v not_o yet_o render_v to_o we_o in_o any_o other_o language_n after_o the_o family_n of_o han_n arise_v that_o of_o cyn_n and_o flourish_v after_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n till_o anno_fw-la 1419._o at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v also_o five_o king_n call_v utai_n which_o maintain_v war_n against_o one_o another_o till_o by_o their_o ruin_n the_o family_n tangle_n take_v upon_o they_o the_o sole_a government_n of_o china_n which_o they_o keep_v till_o anno_fw-la 618._o in_o the_o year_n 923._o the_o family_n sing_v succeed_v that_o of_o tangle_n and_o reign_v over_o all_o china_n till_o anno_fw-la 1278._o when_o this_o house_n be_v utter_o subdue_v by_o the_o tartar_n who_o set_v up_o the_o family_n of_o juen_v which_o govern_v china_n till_o 1368._o in_o which_o year_n rise_v the_o house_n of_o taim_v from_o a_o priest_n call_v chu_n who_o drive_v the_o tartar_n out_o of_o china_n but_o this_o family_n be_v once_o anno_fw-la 1644._o destroy_v and_o by_o a_o huge_a rebellion_n the_o east_n tartar_n of_o munchu_n be_v invite_v to_o aid_v the_o prince_n but_o the_o way_n once_o open_v they_o swallow_v all_o and_o from_o their_o prince_n name_v the_o whole_a empire_n of_o china_n taise_v the_o magistrate_n or_o governor_n in_o china_n take_v in_o general_a be_v of_o two_o degree_n or_o order_n the_o first_o be_v such_o as_o not_o only_o in_o the_o metropolis_n officiate_v the_o place_n of_o privy_a councillor_n but_o from_o thence_o have_v influence_n over_o the_o whole_a empire_n the_o other_o be_v such_o as_o govern_v peculiar_a province_n or_o city_n the_o general_a government_n or_o that_o of_o the_o first_o degree_n be_v by_o alvarez_n semedo_n describe_v in_o the_o follow_a word_n the_o prime_a government_n of_o china_n consist_v in_o six_o bench_n chamber_n or_o court_n which_o by_o a_o general_a name_n be_v call_v judicature_n pu_o that_o be_v the_o king_n bench_n these_o manage_v not_o only_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o the_o court_n where_o they_o reside_v but_o like_o the_o head_n on_o which_o all_o the_o other_o depend_v rule_n and_o give_v order_n to_o they_o according_a to_o their_o several_a place_n every_o council_n have_v his_o precedent_n which_o they_o call_v chamxu_fw-la with_o two_o assistant_n the_o one_o name_v koxilam_n who_o be_v the_o chief_a and_o sit_v on_o the_o left_a hand_n by_o they_o count_v most_o honourable_a and_o the_o other_o yeuxilam_fw-la these_o be_v the_o first_o and_o most_o profitable_a office_n of_o the_o empire_n except_o that_o of_o kolao's_n so_o that_o a_o tutang_n or_o viceroy_n of_o what_o province_n so_o ere_o it_o be_v after_o he_o have_v give_v testimony_n of_o his_o capacity_n if_o he_o will_v be_v promoted_n think_v himself_o well_o provide_v for_o though_o not_o a_o prime_a councillor_n to_o be_v only_o one_o of_o the_o assistant_n that_o sit_v on_o the_o left_a or_o right_a hand_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v a_o council_n of_o ten_o which_o be_v of_o equal_a dignity_n only_o distinguish_v by_o several_a title_n and_o decide_v of_o different_a cause_n to_o these_o be_v to_o be_v add_v the_o vast_a number_n of_o great_a and_o lesser_a officer_n as_o notary_n secretary_n clerk_n servant_n officer_n and_o such_o as_o we_o call_v bailiff_n beside_o many_o other_o not_o know_v in_o europe_n the_o first_o council_n or_o court_n which_o have_v the_o great_a command_n and_o receive_v the_o high_a present_n and_o great_a fee_n be_v the_o council_n of_o state_n call_v lipu_n that_o be_v proper_o council_n of_o magistrate_n for_o pu_o signify_v a_o council_n and_o li_n magistrate_n to_o these_o belong_v all_o the_o office_n in_o the_o empire_n to_o change_v or_o promote_v they_o for_o he_o who_o be_v once_o in_o a_o employment_n rise_v continual_o by_o degree_n to_o high_a dignity_n they_o have_v also_o power_n to_o restore_v those_o to_o their_o employment_n that_o be_v displace_v as_o if_o a_o mandarin_n be_v for_o some_o misdemeanour_n put_v out_o of_o his_o place_n he_o may_v easy_o obtain_v it_o again_o if_o he_o be_v in_o favour_n with_o this_o council_n the_o second_o bench_n be_v call_v pimpu_n that_o be_v council_n of_o war_n which_o have_v as_o great_a a_o command_n as_o those_o of_o state_n viz._n over_o all_o the_o militia_n with_o the_o school_n and_o academy_n and_o for_o instruction_n of_o youth_n in_o martial_a discipline_n and_o the_o exercise_n of_o arms._n the_o three_o be_v of_o the_o custom_n call_v limpu_n which_o though_o not_o of_o great_a command_n yet_o they_o be_v of_o no_o less_o quality_n for_o the_o mandarin_n in_o which_o it_o consist_v be_v choose_v out_o of_o the_o emperor_n council_n hanlin_n which_o be_v next_o to_o the_o kolao's_n the_o prime_a place_n of_o honour_n in_o china_n this_o council_n have_v knowledge_n of_o all_o letter_n and_o likewise_o of_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n bonzy_n stranger_n and_o the_o like_a the_o four_o council_n be_v that_o of_o the_o emperor_n revenue_n call_v hupu_n which_o take_v care_n to_o get_v in_o the_o emperor_n treasure_n custom_n farm_n and_o in_o general_a all_o thing_n that_o bring_v in_o money_n the_o five_o call_v cumpu_n look_v after_o all_o business_n of_o building_n and_o architecture_n and_o especial_o what_o belong_v

during_o their_o time_n of_o government_n much_o respect_v by_o the_o common_a people_n the_o three_o employment_n be_v treasurer_n who_o take_v care_n of_o the_o emperor_n revenue_n in_o his_o province_n be_v employ_v by_o the_o court_n of_o exchequer_n which_o sit_v at_o the_o emperor_n palace_n he_o have_v two_o councillor_n allow_v he_o one_o of_o which_o sit_v on_o his_o right_n and_o the_o other_o on_o his_o left_a hand_n beside_o twenty_o six_o mandarin_n and_o several_a other_o officer_n his_o business_n be_v to_o look_v after_o the_o custom_n farm_n and_o all_o revenue_n whatsoever_o belong_v to_o the_o crown_n he_o seal_v the_o weight_n and_o measure_n decide_v all_o difference_n concern_v money_n punish_v the_o guilty_a or_o send_v they_o if_o he_o think_v fit_a to_o high_a court_n pay_v the_o magistrate_n ally_n to_o the_o emperor_n commander_n and_o soldier_n provide_v livery_n and_o mark_n of_o honour_n which_o be_v give_v to_o famous_a scholar_n pay_v the_o money_n for_o the_o repair_n of_o highway_n bridge_n court_n or_o palace_n of_o the_o chief_a mandarin_n and_o ship_n of_o war._n last_o this_o treasurer_n have_v the_o command_n of_o all_o what_o come_v in_o or_o go_v out_o of_o the_o treasury_n he_o also_o receive_v the_o emperor_n present_n from_o the_o judge_n governor_n and_o tauli_n which_o every_o one_o make_v according_a to_o their_o employment_n be_v in_o silver_n coin_n or_o bullion_n all_o which_o be_v by_o he_o melt_v into_o bar_n each_o to_o the_o value_n of_o fifty_o crown_n and_o stamp_v with_o the_o imperial_a mark_n and_o the_o melter_n name_n that_o thereby_o he_o may_v know_v who_o to_o accuse_v if_o the_o silver_n shall_v be_v falsify_v in_o this_o manner_n it_o be_v carry_v into_o the_o emperor_n treasury_n the_o four_o court_n be_v call_v gandchasci_n that_o be_v the_o court_n of_o life_n and_o death_n in_o termi●…er_o it_o be_v two_o assistant_n or_o tauli_n who_o care_n be_v to_o visit_v and_o go_v from_o town_n to_o town_n to_o decide_v all_o difference_n punish_v the_o guilty_a perform_v o●…r_a duty_n belong_v to_o their_o office_n which_o extend_v over_o the_o militia_n and_o affair_n in_o such_o province_n that_o lie_v near_o the_o sea_n the_o five_o resemble_v a_o college_n of_o learned_a man_n ordain_v to_o examine_v heraldry_n youth_n how_o they_o profit_n in_o their_o study_n and_o especial_o to_o observe_v their_o master_n of_o art_n till_o such_o time_n as_o they_o have_v receive_v their_o bonnet_n and_o order_n to_o be_v director_n the_o prime_n of_o this_o famous_a society_n be_v a_o chancellor_n who_o from_o time_n to_o time_n go_v to_o town_n and_o village_n to_o inquire_v after_o the_o carriage_n deportment_n and_o conversation_n of_o the_o learned_a and_o to_o punish_v or_o chastise_v they_o according_a to_o their_o several_a offence_n there_o be_v yet_o two_o person_n in_o every_o city_n call_v hioquon_n that_o be_v mandarin_n or_o magistrate_n of_o knowledge_n which_o also_o belong_v 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cheuquon_n every_o one_o have_v his_o pecular_a court_n and_o officer_n beside_o these_o be_v nineteen_o lesser_a magistrate_n which_o look_v after_o the_o town_n two_o of_o they_o have_v a_o prime_a councillor_n and_o four_o inferior_a assistant_n the_o other_o nine_o only_a one_o councillor_n and_o one_o assistant_n the_o other_o eight_o have_v one_o supreme_a head_n who_o command_v over_o their_o whole_a society_n the_o village_n have_v also_o each_o of_o they_o a_o judge_n and_o three_o justice_n the_o judge_n be_v call_v chihien_n the_o first_o justice_n honchin_n the_o second_o chufu_n and_o the_o three_o tunfu_n all_o these_o have_v their_o several_a court_n or_o council-chamber_n and_o likewise_o secretary_n clerk_n and_o other_o inferior_a officer_n the_o judge_n may_v pronounce_v sentence_n of_o death_n but_o can_v execute_v it_o beside_o these_o mandarin_n which_o reside_v in_o town_n and_o village_n there_o be_v some_o which_o have_v neither_o power_n to_o condemn_v nor_o 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metropolis_n of_o the_o province_n to_o both_o these_o belong_v several_a petty_a officer_n and_o also_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n which_o be_v call_v tauli_n but_o because_o they_o command_v over_o several_a city_n they_o be_v sometime_o absent_a from_o the_o metropolis_n every_o fu●…r_a ●…r_z county_n for_o a_o province_n be_v divide_v into_o divers_a county_n have_v a_o peculiar_a governor_n call_v chifu_n that_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o county_n and_o likewise_o over_o every_o great_a city_n or_o cheu_n and_o over_o each_o town_n or_o hien_n be_v a_o governor_n the_o first_o call_v chicheu_o and_o the_o last_o cihien_n these_o governor_n of_o all_o the_o county_n and_o chief_a ruler_n of_o city_n have_v every_o one_o four_o assistant_n which_o aid_v they_o in_o all_o business_n that_o happen_v in_o their_o jurisdiction_n be_v all_o their_o deputy_n the_o chifu_n or_o governor_n of_o the_o county_n have_v his_o residence_n in_o one_o of_o the_o city_n and_o determine_v all_o thing_n as_o chief_a for_o when_o any_o business_n be_v consultof_o by_o the_o chicheu_fw-la and_o cihien_n they_o acquaint_v he_o therewith_o as_o their_o superior_a and_o in_o the_o first_o degree_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o chifu_n or_o governor_n of_o the_o territory_n and_o his_o court_n and_o the_o whole_a county_n receive_v their_o denomination_n from_o the_o city_n in_o which_o they_o reside_v as_o for_o example_n the_o governor_n keep_v his_o court_n in_o the_o city_n nunciang_n and_o that_o city_n give_v denomination_n to_o the_o whole_a county_n governor_z and_o court_n so_o that_o they_o be_v call_v nuncianger_n beside_o these_o magistrate_n there_o be_v many_o other_o in_o city_n town_n and_o village_n as_o also_o many_o general_n and_o colonel_n through_o the_o whole_a empire_n but_o especial_o in_o place_n border_v the_o sea_n and_o garrison_n thus_o far_o trigaut_n all_o the_o magistrate_n say_v the_o same_o trigaut_n be_v under_o nine_o order_n all_o comprehend_v under_o the_o philosopher_n and_o military_a man._n every_o one_o in_o these_o order_n receive_v his_o revenue_n from_o the_o public_a stock_n either_o in_o rice_n or_o money_n though_o but_o little_a in_o respect_n of_o their_o authority_n for_o the_o salary_n of_o the_o prime_n and_o chief_a order_n amount_v not_o to_o above_o a_o thousand_o ducat_n yearly_a those_o which_o be_v of_o the_o same_o order_n receive_v wage_n alike_o whether_o philosopher_n or_o military_a person_n for_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o soldier_n get_v as_o much_o as_o the_o supreme_a of_o the_o learned_a all_o the_o magistrate_n have_v a_o private_a seal_n of_o their_o office_n give_v they_o by_o the_o seal_n emperor_n humvu_o what_o they_o write_v in_o their_o law_n they_o seal_v only_o with_o red_a which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o earth_n so_o red_a that_o it_o be_v like_o a_o vermilion_n and_o dig_v out_o of_o the_o mountain_n tape_n near_o the_o city_n lingkien_fw-fr in_o the_o province_n of_o