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Word A Word B Word C Word D Occurrence Frequency Band MI MI Band Prominent
cause_n body_n part_n proceed_v 1,578 5 6.8500 4 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A52266 An introduction to the art of logick composed for the use of English schools, and all such who having no opportunity of being instructed in the Latine tongue ... / by John Newton ... Newton, John, 1622-1678. 1671 (1671) Wing N1063; ESTC R20761 67,588 216

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more_o immediate_a ●●use_n do_v intervene_v between_o the_o predicate_a ●nd_v the_o subject_n as_o that_o which_o be_v rational_a be_v ●●sible_a a_o man_n be_v rational_a 12._o in_o a_o most_o perfect_a demonstration_n where_o ●●e_v middle_a term_n be_v the_o material_a or_o formal_a in●rnal_a cause_n of_o the_o subject_n and_o efficient_a of_o the_o ●●fect_a by_o emanation_n the_o major_a proposition_n 〈◊〉_d immediate_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o cause_n but_o not_o ●f_o the_o subject_n as_o that_o which_o be_v rational_a be_v ●sible_a the_o conclusion_n be_v immediate_a in_o respect_n 〈◊〉_d the_o subject_n but_o not_o of_o the_o cause_n as_o a_o ●an_v be_v risible_a the_o minor_a be_v immediate_a in_o re●●ect_n of_o the_o cause_n and_o the_o subject_a both_o as_o a_o ●an_v be_v risible_a 13._o in_o a_o most_o perfect_a demonstration_n wher●_n the_o middle_a term_n be_v not_o the_o internal_a cause_n of_o th●_n subject_n though_o both_o the_o major_a and_o conclusion_n be_v immediate_a yet_o the_o minor_a be_v not_o immediate_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o cause_n this_o happen_v in_o every_o chief_a demonstration_n from_o the_o external_a cause_n as_o also_o where_o we_o proceed_v from_o one_o affection_n predemonstrate_v to_o the_o demonstration_n of_o another_o such_o as_o be_v all_o mathematical_a demonstration_n for_o the_o most_o part_n a●_n zab._n de_fw-fr medio_fw-la demonst_a c._n 7._o 14._o the_o relative_a condition_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o reference_n to_o the_o conclusion_n be_v three_o first_o that_o the_o premise_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o conclusion_n second_o that_o they_o be_v before_o three_o that_o they_o be_v more_o know_v than_o the_o conclusion_n 15._o the_o premise_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v th●_n cause_n of_o the_o conclusion_n as_o the_o medium_n be_v th●_n cause_n why_o a_o affection_n be_v not_o only_o the_o cau●●_n why_o the_o conclusion_n be_v know_v but_o the_o cau●●_n why_o it_o be_v true_a and_o as_o the_o medium_n be_v before_o a●_n affection_n not_o in_o time_n but_o nature_n so_o the_o tru●●_n of_o the_o premise_n be_v first_o in_o nature_n before_o th●_n truth_n of_o the_o conclusion_n last_o as_o the_o medium_n be_v more_o know_v than_o a_o affection_n not_o b●_n a_o confuse_a knowledge_n and_o in_o respect_n of_o we_o but_o by_o a_o distinct_a knowledge_n and_o accord_v to_o nature_n so_o be_v the_o premise_n more_o know●_n than_o the_o conclusion_n because_o we_o by_o reason_n 〈◊〉_d the_o premise_n receive_v the_o conclusion_n with_o full_a assent_n of_o mind_n we_o must_v needs_o assent_v to_o that_o more_o than_o to_o the_o premise_n for_o according_a to_o aristotle_n that_o for_o which_o another_o be_v such_o as_o it_o be_v must_v needs_o itself_o be_v more_o such_o lib._n 1._o post_n cap._n 2._o 16._o premise_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n axiom_n and_o thesis_n 17._o a_o axiom_n be_v a_o proposition_n of_o who_o ●ruth_n no_o body_n can_v be_v ignorant_a the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n be_v know_v 18._o a_o thesis_n be_v a_o proposition_n who_o truth_n do_v not_o sufficient_o appear_v by_o know_v only_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n but_o by_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o sense_n or_o any_o other_o declaration_n and_o it_o ●s_v either_o a_o definition_n or_o a_o hypothesis_n 1._o a_o definition_n be_v that_o by_o which_o we_o show_v what_o a_o thing_n be_v a_o hypothesis_n be_v that_o by_o which_o we_o show_v whether_o the_o thing_n be_v or_o not_o 20._o the_o medium_n of_o a_o demonstration_n ought_v to_o be_v the_o next_o cause_n of_o the_o predicate_a and_o that_o either_o efficient_a or_o final_a and_o the_o efficient_a either_o internal_a or_o external_a 21._o a_o cause_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o next_o either_o absolute_o or_o in_o his_o own_o kind_n here_o it_o be_v understand_v to_o be_v the_o next_o absolute_o that_o it_o be_v such_o a_o cause_n as_o do_v produce_v the_o effect_n and_o without_o which_o that_o effect_n can_v be_v for_o as_o much_o as_o there_o be_v four_o kind_n of_o cause_n and_o in_o every_o kind_a some_o one_o the_o next_o of_o the_o four_o next_o cause_n there_o be_v but_o one_o that_o be_v the_o next_o absolute_o 22._o moreover_o it_o be_v require_v that_o this_o next_o cause_n shall_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o predicate_v but_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o subject_n also_o for_o the_o question_n be_v not_o whether_o there_o be_v a_o subject_n for_o this_o be_v suppose_v but_o whether_o there_o be_v a_o predicate_v or_o whether_o it_o be_v inherent_a in_o the_o subject_n 23._o this_o next_o cause_n must_v be_v either_o the_o efficient_a or_o the_o final_a for_o when_o the_o predicate_a be_v a_o accident_n it_o have_v neither_o matter_n not_o form_v proper_o so_o call_v the_o final_a cause_n be_v use_v in_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v make_v for_o other_o such_o as_o be_v medium_n and_o natural_a instrument_n action_n also_o and_o habit_n if_o any_o such_o can_v be_v demonstrate_v the_o efficient_a cause_n be_v use_v in_o all_o the_o rest_n sometime_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o the_o next_o efficient_a cause_n be_v also_o the_o form_n o●_n matter_n of_o the_o subject_n and_o these_o kind_n of_o demonstration_n be_v indeed_o the_o most_o excellent_a but_o do_v not_o make_v a_o different_a species_n of_o themselves_o but_o these_o thing_n will_v be_v more_o clear_o understand_v by_o the_o example_n follow_v 1._o every_o rational_a creature_n be_v capable_a 〈◊〉_d knowledge_n every_o man_n be_v a_o rational_a creature_n therefore_o every_o man_n be_v capable_a of_o knowledge_n in_o this_o demonstration_n the_o medium_n rational_a be_v the_o internal_a efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o predicate_v and_o form_n of_o the_o subject_n 2._o every_o terrestrial_a thing_n do_v sink_v in_o water_n ebon_n be_v terrestrial_a therefore_o ebon_n do_v sink_v in_o water_n here_o the_o medium_n be_v the_o internal_a efficient_a cause_n and_o matter_n of_o the_o subject_n 3._o whatsoever_o do_v consist_v of_o matter_n and_o form_n have_v three_o dimension_n every_o body_n do_v consist_v of_o matter_n and_o form_n therefore_o every_o body_n have_v three_o dimension_n here_o the_o medium_n be_v the_o internal_a efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o predicate_v and_o both_o the_o form_n and_o matter_n of_o the_o subject_n 4._o that_o which_o have_v three_o dimension_n will_v not_o admit_v of_o another_o body_n in_o the_o same_o place_n with_o itself_o but_o every_o body_n have_v three_o dimension_n therefore_o etc._n etc._n here_o the_o medium_n be_v the_o internal_a efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o predicate_v and_o propriety_n of_o the_o subject_n 5._o that_o which_o by_o the_o interposition_n of_o the_o earth_n can_v be_v enlighten_v by_o the_o sunbeam_n do_v suffer_v a_o eclipse_n of_o the_o sun-light_n but_o the_o moon_n the_o earth_n be_v interpose_v can_v be_v enlighten_v by_o the_o sunbeam_n therefore_o the_o moon_n etc._n etc._n here_o the_o medium_n be_v the_o external_a efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o predicate_a 6._o whoso_o be_v make_v for_o the_o contemplation_n of_o heavenly_a thing_n aught_o to_o have_v his_o countenance_n lift_v up_o man_n be_v make_v for_o the_o contemplation_n of_o heavenly_a thing_n therefore_o etc._n etc._n here_o the_o medium_n be_v the_o final_a cause_n of_o the_o predicate_a 24._o sometime_o it_o so_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o one_o and_o the_o same_o question_n may_v be_v demonstrate_v both_o by_o the_o efficient_a and_o final_a cause_n so_o you_o may_v demonstrate_v that_o a_o live_a creature_n do_v sleep_v either_o because_o the_o common_a ●ense_n be_v overcome_v by_o vapour_n and_o that_o the_o ●assage_n of_o the_o external_a sense_n be_v obstruct_v and_o this_o be_v a_o demonstration_n from_o the_o ●ficient_a cause_n or_o that_o the_o animal_n spirit_n may_v be_v refresh_v and_o strengthen_v and_o this_o be_v a_o demonstration_n from_o the_o final_a cause_n chap._n viii_o of_o a_o imperfect_a demonstration_n or_o the_o demonstration_n what._n have_v hitherto_o speak_v of_o the_o principal_a demonstration_n or_o the_o demonstration_n ●hy_a the_o next_o be_v the_o less_o principal_a or_o the_o ●emonstration_n what_o and_o which_o leave_v a_o imperfect_a knowledge_n and_o be_v twofold_a the_o ●ne_n be_v from_o the_o effect_n the_o other_o from_o a_o remote_a ●ause_n the_o first_o of_o these_o collect_v the_o cause_n from_o ●ome_o sensible_a effect_n for_o example_n every_o thing_n that_o be_v risible_a be_v rational_a every_o man_n be_v risible_a therefore_o every_o man_n be_v rational_a here_o the_o medium_n be_v the_o next_o effect_n and_o the_o predicate_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o conclusion_n 2._o the_o second_o of_o these_o demonstration_n collect_v the_o effect_n from_o some_o remote_a cause_n for_o example_n that_o which_o have_v not_o a_o sensitive_a soul_n do_v not_o breath_n a_o plant_n have_v not_o a_o sensitive_a
on_o that_o which_o be_v last_o speak_v of_o by_o some_o apt_a translation_n this_o dependence_n or_o connexion_n must_v be_v in_o this_o or_o the_o like_a form_n and_o this_o shall_v suffice_v to_o be_v speak_v of_o this_o thing_n the_o next_o in_o order_n to_o be_v speak_v of_o be_v etc._n etc._n how_o much_o such_o form_n do_v help_v the_o memory_n be_v very_o have_v to_o be_v believe_v 7._o a_o natural_a method_n be_v either_o total_a or_o partial_a 8._o a_o total_a method_n be_v that_o in_o which_o a_o whole_a sience_n be_v methodical_o order_v or_o dispose_v and_o this_o be_v either_o synthetical_a or_o analytical_a 9_o a_o synthetical_a or_o compositive_a method_n be_v that_o which_o begin_v with_o the_o first_o and_o most_o simple_a principle_n and_o so_o proceed_v to_o those_o which_o do_v arise_v from_o or_o be_v compose_v of_o these_o first_o principle_n and_o according_a to_o this_o method_n we_o be_v to_o write_v or_o speak_v of_o all_o speculative_a art_n 10_o a_o analytical_a or_o resolutive_a method_n be_v that_o which_o begin_v with_o the_o end_n and_o so_o proceed_v still_o low_o and_o low_a till_o we_o come_v to_o the_o first_o an●_n most_o simple_a beginning_n and_o according_a t●_n this_o method_n we_o be_v to_o write_v or_o speak_v of_o all_o practical_a art_n 11._o a_o partial_a method_n be_v that_o by_o which_o any_o part_n of_o any_o art_n or_o science_n be_v methodical_o order_v or_o dispose_v or_o by_o which_o any_o particular_a theme_n or_o subject_n be_v handle_v by_o itself_o in_o this_o method_n we_o be_v to_o consider_v that_o as_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o a_o total_a method_n it_o ofttimes_o so_o fall_v out_o that_o in_o handle_v a_o part_n of_o some_o science_n we_o ought_v to_o observe_v the_o analytical_a method_n if_o the_o whole_a science_n be_v to_o be_v handle_v in_o a_o synthetical_a and_o the_o contrary_a that_o be_v in_o such_o a_o science_n in_o which_o the_o whole_a be_v too_o handle_v in_o a_o analytical_a method_n a_o part_n thereof_o must_v be_v handle_v in_o a_o synthetical_a as_o for_o example_n if_o we_o be_v to_o write_v of_o all_o physics_n we_o must_v write_v in_o a_o synthetical_a method_n but_o if_o we_o be_v to_o write_v of_o that_o part_n which_o concern_v a_o live_a body_n it_o be_v fit_a to_o observe_v the_o analytical_a method_n begin_v first_o with_o the_o action_n which_o be_v the_o end_n of_o life_n then_o proceed_v to_o the_o cause_n and_o principle_n which_o be_v the_o faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n the_o temperament_n and_o the_o organical_a part_n of_o the_o live_a body_n and_o as_o some_o particular_a theme_n or_o subject_n be_v to_o be_v handle_v by_o itself_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v that_o in_o simple_a theme_n we_o be_v first_o to_o explain_v the_o name_n by_o show_v the_o etymology_n and_o explain_v the_o word_n that_o be_v synonymous_n thereunto_o either_o in_o the_o same_o or_o in_o other_o language_n if_o it_o may_v any_o thing_n conduce_v to_o the_o 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glass_n quarto_fw-la price_n 1_o s._n seaman_n secret_n quarto_fw-la price_n 1_o s._n complete_a ship_n wright_n quarto_fw-la price_n 1_o s._n complete_a modellist_n quarto_fw-la price_n 6_o d._n pilot_n sea_n mirror_n quarto_fw-la price_n 1_o s._n mathematical_a manual_n octavo_fw-la price_n bind_v ●_o s._n 6_o d._n mariner_n compass_n rectify_v octavo_fw-la price_n bind_v 2_o s._n norwoods_n epitome_n octavo_fw-la price_n bind_v 1_o s._n 6_o d._n saint_n anchorhold_v twelves_o price_n bind_v 1_o s._n newtons_n institution_n in_o twelves_o price_n bind_v 2_o s._n 6_o d._n newtons_n table_n in_o twelves_o price_n bind_v 2_o s._n 6_o d._n newtons_n geometrical_a trigonometry_n in_o twelves_o price_n bind_v 1_o s._n carpenter_n rule_n in_o twelves_o price_n bind_v 1_o s._n mariner_n divine_a mate_n twelves_o price_n bind_v 6_o d._n seamories_n architecture_n quarto_fw-la price_n bind_v ●_o s._n salionstal_v navigator_n quarto_fw-la price_n 1_o s._n 4_o d._n pathway_n to_o sail_v quarto_fw-la price_n 10_o d._n ●●w_o shine_a light_n quarto_fw-la price_n 1_o s._n 4_o d._n 〈◊〉_d quadrant_n in_o octavo_fw-la price_n 6_o d._n
to_o his_o son_n and_o so_o they_o be_v in_o nature_n together_o 14._o knowledge_n and_o knowable_a be_v take_v three_o way_n 1._o both_o actual_o thus_o that_o be_v call_v knowledge_n by_o which_o we_o actual_o know_v a_o thing_n that_o knowable_a which_o be_v actual_o know_v and_o so_o they_o be_v in_o nature_n together_o 2._o both_o potential_o as_o that_o be_v call_v knowable_a which_o may_v be_v know_v and_o that_o knowledge_n which_o we_o may_v know_v and_o so_o also_o they_o be_v in_o nature_n together_o 3._o one_o actual_o and_o the_o other_o potential_o and_o so_o knowledge_n be_v take_v for_o that_o which_o we_o actual_o know_v and_o knowable_a for_o that_o which_o may_v be_v know_v and_o so_o they_o be_v not_o both_o together_o in_o nature_n the_o canon_n or_o rule_n of_o relate_v be_v three_o 1._o relate_v admit_v of_o contrariety_n a_o relate_v be_v not_o contrary_a to_o its_o correlate_n but_o one_o relate_v be_v contrary_a to_o another_o yet_o not_o in_o respect_n of_o themselves_o but_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o subject_n this_o rule_n therefore_o do_v not_o hold_v in_o all_o but_o in_o such_o relate_v only_a which_o have_v contrary_a foundation_n or_o subject_n thus_o a_o friend_n and_o a_o enemy_n be_v contrary_a because_o the_o foundation_n of_o friendship_n and_o enmity_n to_o wit_n wish_v well_o and_o wish_v ill_a be_v contrary_a 2._o relate_v be_v capable_a of_o more_o and_o less_o this_o rule_n also_o hold_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o subject_n or_o foundation_n and_o therefore_o in_o those_o relate_v only_a which_o have_v a_o changeable_a subject_n or_o foundation_n for_o when_o the_o subject_n or_o foundation_n be_v vary_v the_o relation_n be_v intend_v or_o remit_v for_o example_n unequal_a thing_n be_v make_v more_o or_o less_o unequal_a when_o quantity_n which_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o inequality_n be_v in_o one_o of_o the_o two_o more_o or_o less_o 3._o relate_v be_v convertible_a that_o be_v every_o relate_v be_v refer_v to_o its_o reciprocal_a correlate_n as_o a_o master_n be_v the_o master_n of_o a_o servant_n and_o a_o servant_n be_v the_o servant_n of_o some_o master_n chap._n xiii_o of_o the_o four_o last_o predicament_n hitherto_o i_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o principal_a predicament_n the_o less_o principal_a now_o follow_v and_o they_o be_v four_o when_o where_o situation_n habit._n 2._o the_o predicament_n when_o be_v a_o accident_n by_o which_o finite_a thing_n be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o time_n past_a present_a or_o to_o come_v the_o word_n belong_v to_o this_o predicament_n make_v answer_n to_o such_o question_n as_o be_v make_v by_o this_o word_n when_o as_o to_o day_n to_o morrow_n yesterday_o and_o the_o like_a the_o property_n thereof_o be_v to_o accommodate_v time_n to_o person_n thing_n or_o action_n 3._o the_o predicament_n where_o be_v a_o accident_n by_o which_o thing_n finite_a be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o some_o place_n where_o be_v not_o the_o place_n itself_o but_o note_v the_o manner_n or_o circumstance_n of_o place_n and_o make_v answer_v to_o such_o question_n as_o be_v make_v by_o this_o word_n where_o as_o at_o home_n within_o without_z in_o this_o or_o that_o country_n etc._n etc._n the_o property_n thereof_o be_v to_o accommodate_v place_n to_o person_n thing_n and_o action_n 4._o the_o predicament_n of_o situation_n be_v a_o certain_a ordination_n of_o part_n and_o generation_n or_o a_o placing_z of_o part_n in_o generation_n to_o make_v up_o situation_n a_o threefold_a habitude_n be_v require_v 1._o of_o the_o part_n of_o some_o whole_a among_o themselves_o 2._o of_o the_o part_n of_o some_o whole_a unto_o that_o whole_a 3._o of_o the_o part_n and_o the_o whole_a in_o reference_n to_o place_n yet_o every_o ordination_n of_o part_n be_v not_o site_n or_o situation_n but_o that_o only_a which_o they_o have_v in_o the_o whole_a by_o generation_n the_o property_n thereof_o be_v to_o be_v the_o near_a assistant_n unto_o substance_n of_o all_o the_o extrinsical_a respective_a accident_n all_o gesture_n and_o position_n of_o body_n belong_v to_o this_o as_o standing_z sit_v walk_a etc._n etc._n not_o as_o they_o signify_v these_o action_n but_o as_o they_o signify_v the_o position_n and_o order_n of_o the_o part_n in_o the_o whole_a or_o in_o some_o place_n 5._o the_o predicament_n of_o habit_n be_v a_o accident_n by_o which_o some_o garment_n or_o something_o like_o a_o garment_n be_v put_v about_o hang_v upon_o or_o any_o other_o way_n join_v to_o a_o body_n the_o body_n have_v it_o be_v a_o substance_n the_o thing_n habit_v be_v always_o some_o artificial_a form_n belong_v to_o the_o four_o species_n of_o quality_n the_o application_n of_o this_o to_o it_o be_v that_o which_o make_v this_o predicament_n the_o property_n thereof_o be_v always_o to_o be_v inherent_a in_o many_o in_o the_o habit_n and_o in_o he_o that_o have_v it_o but_o in_o divers_a respect_n for_o it_o be_v in_o the_o body_n that_o have_v it_o as_o in_o a_o subject_n in_o the_o habit_n or_o thing_n frame_v as_o in_o a_o cause_n to_o this_o belong_v all_o kind_n of_o garment_n whether_o they_o be_v such_o as_o be_v use_v for_o necessity_n as_o shoe_n for_o the_o foot_n and_o clothes_n for_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n or_o for_o distinction_n as_o a_o mitre_n a_o gown_n whether_o for_o divine_n lawyer_n or_o citizen_n or_o for_o ornament_n as_o ring_n jewel_n decking_n and_o the_o like_a chap._n fourteen_o of_o opposition_n have_v do_v with_o the_o antepredicament_n and_o the_o predicament_n themselves_o the_o postpredicament_n now_o follow_v and_o they_o be_v four_o opposition_n order_n motion_n and_o manner_n of_o have_v 2._o opposition_n be_v such_o a_o repugnancy_n of_o two_o simple_a term_n as_o neither_o the_o one_o can_v agree_v with_o the_o other_o nor_o both_o of_o they_o with_o a_o three_o after_o one_o and_o the_o same_o manner_n 3._o one_o of_o the_o opposite_n be_v either_o oppose_v to_o one_o or_o to_o many_o those_o opposition_n where_o one_o be_v oppose_v to_o many_o be_v call_v disparate_v as_o a_o man_n and_o a_o horse_n of_o which_o aristotle_n in_o his_o logic_n make_v no_o mention_n nor_o be_v they_o to_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o kind_n of_o opposition_n 4._o those_o opposition_n where_o one_o be_v oppose_v to_o one_o be_v either_o of_o a_o thing_n and_o a_o thing_n or_o of_o a_o ●hing_n and_o not_o a_o thing_n 5._o opposition_n of_o a_o thing_n and_o a_o thing_n be_v either_o relative_n or_o contrary_a 6._o relative_n opposition_n be_v between_o the_o relative_a term_n as_o the_o relate_v and_o his_o correlate_n for_o though_o the_o relate_v do_v mutual_o depend_v upon_o one_o another_o in_o reference_n to_o their_o simple_a be_v yet_o be_v they_o oppose_v to_o one_o another_o in_o reference_n to_o their_o be_v in_o a_o subject_n as_o father_n and_o son_n but_o this_o be_v the_o least_o kind_n of_o opposition_n the_o condition_n belong_v to_o these_o be_v set_v down_o in_o the_o predicament_n of_o relation_n 7._o contrary_a opposition_n be_v between_o contrary●erms_n ●erms_z and_o these_o be_v call_v contrary_n that_o be_v contain_v under_o the_o same_o genus_fw-la be_v at_o the_o great_a distance_n between_o themselves_o and_o mutual_o expel_v one_o another_o from_o the_o same_o subject_n that_o be_v capable_a of_o they_o as_o heat_n and_o cold_a 8._o contrary_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n mediate_a and_o immediate_a 9_o immediate_a contrary_n be_v such_o as_o admit_v of_o no_o medium_n between_o they_o but_o the_o one_o of_o they_o be_v always_o in_o the_o subject_n that_o be_v capable_a of_o they_o as_o like_v and_o unlike_a health_n and_o sickness_n 10._o mediate_v contrary_n be_v such_o as_o do_v admit_v of_o some_o medium_n so_o that_o though_o one_o be_v expel_v it_o be_v not_o necessary_a that_o the_o other_o shall_v be_v in_o that_o subject_n from_o which_o the_o first_o be_v expel_v as_o white_a and_o black_a the_o canon_n or_o rule_n of_o contrary_n be_v these_o follow_v 1._o true_a contrariety_n by_o itself_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v but_o in_o quality_n by_o themselves_o and_o absolute_o take_v 2._o contrary_n in_o the_o high_a degree_n canno●_n be_v in_o the_o same_o subject_n so_o what_o be_v hot_a in_o the_o high_a degree_n can_v be_v cold_a at_o all_o but_o in_o remiss_a degree_n they_o may_v both_o be_v in_o the_o same_o subject_n 3._o one_o of_o the_o contrary_n be_v remit_v the_o other_o be_v intend_v or_o heighten_v and_o the_o contrary_a for_o every_o subject_a capable_a of_o two_o contrary_a quality_n must_v needs_o be_v fill_v up_o with_o the_o whole_a possible_a latitude_n of_o one_o of_o they_o 11._o opposition_n of_o a_o thing_n and_o not_o a_o thing_n be_v either_o privative_a or_o contradictory_n 12._o privative_a opposition_n be_v between_o habit_n and_o privation_n and_o habit_n be_v
soul_n therefore_o a_o plant_n do_v not_o breath_n 3._o a_o demonstration_n from_o the_o effect_n may_v be_v affirmative_a in_o barbara_n and_o sometime_o negative_a though_o seldom_o in_o camestre_n 4._o a_o demonstration_n from_o a_o remote_a cause_n i●_n negative_a very_o seldom_o affirmative_a and_o consequent_o be_v restrain_v to_o the_o three_o figure_n i●_n camestre_n for_o example_n every_o risible_a thing_n be_v a_o animal_n no_o tree_n be_v a_o animal_n therefore_o no_o tree_n be_v risible_a 5._o demonstration_n from_o the_o effect_n 〈◊〉_d more_o excellent_a than_o from_o a_o remote_a cause_n 1._o in_o respect_n of_o the_o form_n the_o one_o be_v affirmative_a in_o barbara_n the_o other_o negatif_n in_o camestre_n 2._o in_o respect_n of_o the_o matter_n for_o in_o the_o one_o the_o proposition_n be_v most_o necessary_o true_a and_o differ_v nothing_o from_o the_o most_o perfect_a demonstration_n but_o in_o place_v of_o the_o term_n and_o beget_v a_o perfect_a knowledge_n not_o simple_o but_o in_o its_o kind_n but_o the_o demonstration_n from_o the_o remote_a cause_n be_v make_v of_o less_o necessary_a and_o not_o immediate_a proposition_n nor_o do_v it_o beget_v a_o knowledge_n that_o be_v perfect_a in_o its_o own_o kind_n and_o ●n_n which_o the_o mind_n may_v rest_v satisfy_v yet_o both_o of_o they_o be_v so_o perfect_a that_o they_o be_v either_o of_o they_o sufficientl_n to_o beget_v such_o a_o knowledge_n as_o to_o give_v we_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o be_v or_o not_o be_v of_o a_o thing_n chap._n ix_o of_o demonstration_n in_o respect_n of_o th●_n form_n and_o of_o the_o affection_n o●_n the_o most_o perfect_a demonstration_n hitherto_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o tw●_n kind_n of_o demonstration_n in_o respect_n 〈◊〉_d the_o matter_n we_o be_v now_o to_o speak_v of_o they_o i●_n respect_n of_o the_o form_n 2._o the_o form_n of_o a_o demonstration_n be_v part_o discern_v from_o the_o quantity_n partly_o fro●_n the_o quality_n and_o partly_o from_o the_o manner_n 〈◊〉_d the_o proof_n 3._o the_o form_n of_o a_o demonstration_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o quantity_n be_v universal_a or_o particular_a a_o universal_a demonstration_n be_v that_o i●_n which_o a_o affection_n be_v demonstrate_v of_o the_o fi●_n adequate_a and_o universal_a subject_n by_o a_o immediate_a cause_n as_o when_o we_o demonstrate_v risibility_n i●_n man_n by_o his_o rationality_n and_o all_o the_o most_o perfect_a demonstration_n be_v of_o this_o kind_n w●_n a_o thing_n be_v so_o and_o a_o demonstration_n provin●_n from_o the_o effect_n that_o a_o thing_n be_v be_v of_o th●_n kind_a also_o a_o particular_a demonstration_n not_o so_o call_v ●s_n if_o the_o term_n be_v particular_a be_v a_o demon●ration_n in_o which_o a_o affection_n be_v demonstrate_v ●om_n a_o inadequate_a and_o a_o less_o universal_a subject_n or_o ●om_n one_o part_n of_o the_o first_o subject_n only_o as_o when_o ●e_v demonstrate_v a_o man_n to_o be_v sensible_a by_o his_o ●nsible_a soul_n the_o form_n of_o demonstration_n in_o respect_n ●f_a quality_n be_v affirmative_a or_o negative_a a_o affirmative_a demonstration_n be_v that_o in_o ●hose_v conclusion_n the_o predicate_a be_v affirm_v of_o ●e_a subject_n which_o happen_v in_o all_o demonstration_n accept_v the_o particular_a which_o be_v sometime_o ne●tive_a a_o negative_a demonstration_n be_v that_o in_o who_o inclusion_n the_o predicate_a be_v deny_v of_o the_o subject_n as_o every_o thing_n that_o breathe_v be_v a_o animal_n a_o wall_n be_v not_o a_o animal_n therefore_o a_o wall_n do_v not_o breath_n and_o this_o do_v often_o come_v to_o pass_v in_o the_o ●emonstrate_v that_o from_o a_o remote_a cause_n it_o may_v ●so_o happen_v in_o all_o other_o demonstration_n ●ough_o very_o seldom_o and_o that_o by_o consequence_n only_o for_o a_o affirmation_n be_v before_o negation_n both_o in_o reference_n to_o the_o thing_n and_o ●ur_n knowledge_n of_o it_o 5._o the_o form_n of_o a_o demonstration_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o proof_n be_v either_o ostensive_a or_o by_o reduction_n to_o impossibility_n a_o ostensive_a demonstration_n be_v that_o in_o which_o the_o conclusion_n be_v evident_o and_o direct_o infer_v from_o former_a and_o more_o know_v premise_n etc._n etc._n of_o which_o sort_n be_v all_o the_o before_o name_v kind_n of_o demonstration_n a_o demonstration_n by_o reduction_n to_o impossibility_n be_v when_o from_o grant_v premise_n we_o prove_v th●_n conclusion_n to_o be_v therefore_o true_a because_o thei●_n contradictory_n be_v apparent_o false_a for_o example_n every_o rational_a thing_n be_v risible_a every_o man_n be_v rational_a therefore_o every_o man_n be_v risible_a here_o if_o the_o major_n be_v deny_v we_o may_v reduce_v the_o respondent_fw-la to_o a_o absurdity_n b●_n take_v the_o contradictory_n of_o the_o major_a thus_o no_o rational_a thing_n be_v risible_a every_o man_n be_v rational_a therefore_o no_o man_n be_v risible_a which_o conclusion_n be_v manifest_o false_a we_o infer_v that_o the_o major_a in_o the_o former_a syllogism_n 〈◊〉_d well_o as_o the_o conclusion_n be_v both_o true_a or_o th●_n the_o two_o contradictory_n be_v together_o true_a or_o false_a and_o this_o kind_n of_o demonstration_n be_v the_o mean_a of_o they_o all_o but_o here_o we_o must_v observe_v that_o a_o universal_a contrary_a proposition_n be_v rather_o to_o be_v take_v than_o a_o particular_a contradictory_n both_o because_o particular_a proposition_n have_v no_o place_n in_o demonstration_n as_o also_o because_o contrary_a proposition_n in_o necessary_a matter_n stand_v in_o the_o place_n of_o contradictory_n zabarel_n lib._n 1._o post_n c._n 22._o sect_n 176._o and_o thus_o have_v do_v with_o the_o kind_n of_o demonstration_n i_o come_v in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o speak_v of_o the_o affection_n of_o the_o chief_a and_o most_o perfect_a demonstration_n and_o they_o be_v chief_o three_o analysis_n regressus_fw-la and_o conversion_n into_o a_o definition_n 1._o analysis_n be_v the_o resolution_n of_o effect_n into_o their_o first_o cause_n to_o beget_v a_o perfect_a knowledge_n thereof_o for_o when_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a chain_n and_o subordination_n of_o efficient_n and_o effect_n although_o the_o latter_a may_v be_v demonstrate_v by_o the_o former_a yet_o the_o mind_n be_v not_o satisfy_v in_o that_o but_o inquire_v further_o for_o the_o cause_n of_o that_o effect_n also_o and_o so_o forward_o to_o the_o first_o cause_n which_o be_v the_o form_n of_o the_o subject_n of_o which_o no_o cause_n can_v be_v give_v and_o in_o which_o alone_a the_o mind_n be_v satisfy_v as_o if_o augmentation_n in_o all_o thing_n live_v be_v demonstrate_v by_o nourishment_n and_o that_o again_o by_o the_o vegetative_a faculty_n and_o that_o by_o the_o soul_n 1._o regressus_fw-la be_v the_o reciprocation_n of_o the_o cause_n and_o effect_n by_o demonstration_n which_o effect_n we_o do_v reciprocal_o demonstrate_v by_o that_o cause_n by_o which_o the_o say_a effect_n be_v itself_o demonstrate_v this_o affection_n or_o power_n be_v call_v regressus_fw-la because_o after_o our_o understanding_n have_v proceed_v from_o la_fw-fr kind_a of_o confuse_a and_o experimental_a knowledge_n of_o the_o effect_n as_o near_a to_o sense_n to_o the_o ●ike_a confuse_a knowledge_n of_o the_o cause_n and_o have_v ripen_v that_o knowledge_n by_o often_o meditate_v on_o and_o compare_v of_o the_o cause_n to_o the_o effect_n till_o it_o come_v from_o a_o confuse_a to_o a_o distinct_a knowledge_n than_o it_o return_v from_o that_o distinct_a knowledge_n of_o the_o cause_n to_o the_o like_a distinct_a knowledge_n of_o the_o effect_n progress_n be_v therefore_o make_v by_o the_o demonstration_n that_o and_o by_o a_o after_o demonstration_n and_o have_v respect_n unto_o the_o confuse_a knowledge_n of_o the_o cause_n by_o the_o effect_n but_o regress_n be_v by_o the_o demonstration_n why_o and_o by_o a_o former_a demonstration_n and_o have_v respect_n unto_o the_o distinct_a knowledge_n of_o the_o effect_n by_o the_o cause_n and_o differ_v from_o that_o vicious_a demonstration_n which_o they_o call_v a_o circle_n in_o three_o thing_n 1._o in_o the_o form_n for_o a_o circle_n do_v from_o the_o premise_n demonstrate_v the_o conclusion_n and_o from_o the_o conclusion_n put_v into_o the_o place_n of_o the_o major_a and_o the_o minor_a simple_o convert_v it_o do_v again_o demonstrate_v the_o major_a then_o again_o from_o the_o same_o conclusion_n put_v into_o the_o place_n of_o the_o minor_a and_o the_o major_a simple_o convert_v in_o the_o place_n of_o that_o it_o do_v demonstrate_v the_o minor_a which_o any_o one_o that_o will_v may_v experiment_n by_o this_o instance_n every_o rational_a thing_n be_v resible_a every_o man_n be_v rational_a therefore_o every_o man_n be_v risible_a but_o in_o regress_n we_o only_o demonstrate_v the_o minor_a from_o the_o major_a simple_o convert_v and_o the_o conclusion_n put_v into_o the_o place_n of_o the_o minor_a and_o so_o there_o will_v be_v a_o natural_a
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confuse_o know_v consideration_n be_v have_v we_o come_v to_o the_o distinct_a knowledge_n of_o the_o cause_n and_o from_o that_o once_o habituate_v and_o radicate_v in_o the_o understanding_n we_o return_v to_o the_o distinct_a knowledge_n of_o the_o effect_n 3._o conversion_n of_o a_o demonstration_n into_o a_o definition_n be_v when_o from_o the_o term_n of_o a_o demonstration_n the_o definition_n of_o a_o proper_a accident_n be_v frame_v by_o transposition_n and_o the_o definition_n of_o a_o proper_a accident_n be_v twofold_a 1._o partial_a and_o that_o be_v either_o nominal_a which_o consist_v of_o a_o genus_fw-la and_o a_o subject_n as_o a_o eclipse_n in_o the_o defect_n of_o light_n in_o the_o moon_n causal_n which_o be_v the_o middle_a term_n in_o the_o most_o perfect_a demonstration_n show_v why_o there_o be_v a_o effect_n as_o a_o eclipse_n be_v the_o interposition_n of_o the_o earth_n 2._o total_a which_o be_v make_v of_o the_o nominal_a and_o the_o causal_n both_o do_v consist_v of_o a_o genus_fw-la a_o subject_n and_o the_o next_o cause_n as_o a_o eclipse_n be_v the_o defect_n of_o llight_n in_o the_o moon_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o interposition_n of_o the_o earth_n a_o nominal_a definition_n be_v the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o of_o the_o demonstration_n a_o causal_n be_v the_o beginning_n a_o total_a be_v a_o entire_a or_o whole_a demonstration_n differ_v in_o nothing_o from_o it_o but_o the_o place_n of_o the_o term_n for_o the_o thing_n define_v be_v the_o great_a extreme_a the_o lesser_a extreme_a the_o subject_n and_o the_o cause_n the_o middle_a term_n chap._n x._o of_o a_o topical_a syllogism_n in_o the_o general_n hitherto_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o a_o demonstrative_a syllogism_n who_o matter_n be_v necessary_a and_o the_o end_n a_o perfect_a knowledge_n come_v we_o now_o to_o a_o dialectical_a or_o topical_a syllogism_n who_o matter_n be_v probable_a and_o contingent_a and_o the_o end_n opinion_n 2._o in_o a_o dialectical_a or_o topical_a syllogism_n we_o be_v to_o consider_v of_o problem_n proposition_n and_o the_o invention_n of_o argument_n 3._o a_o problem_n or_o question_n be_v the_o thing_n of_o which_o it_o be_v probable_o discourse_v and_o the_o conclusion_n of_o a_o syllogism_n already_o make_v but_o that_o this_o problem_n may_v be_v dialectical_a two_o condition_n be_v require_v 1._o that_o it_o be_v profitable_a either_o to_o life_n and_o then_o it_o be_v call_v a_o moral_a problem_n as_o whether_o pleasure_n be_v good_a or_o to_o knowledge_n and_o then_o it_o be_v call_v a_o physical_a or_o a_o natural_a problem_n as_o whether_o the_o world_n be_v eternal_a or_o to_o some_o thing_n that_o be_v subservient_fw-fr unto_o these_o and_o then_o it_o be_v call_v a_o logical_a problem_n as_o whether_o division_n be_v a_o syllogism_n 2._o that_o it_o be_v doubtful_a in_o which_o either_o the_o common_a people_n do_v dissent_n from_o wise_a man_n as_o whether_o riches_n make_v man_n happy_a or_o the_o common_a 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be_v probable_a which_o not_o be_v absolute_o true_a do_v rather_o seem_v to_o be_v true_a than_o false_a there_o be_v five_o degree_n of_o probability_n for_o that_o be_v say_v to_o be_v probable_a which_o seem_v to_o be_v true_a either_o to_o all_o to_o most_o man_n or_o unto_o wise_a man_n and_o that_o either_o to_o all_o of_o they_o or_o to_o the_o most_o or_o to_o the_o wise_a of_o they_o 7._o that_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o paradox_n which_o be_v true_a though_o contrary_a to_o the_o vulgar_a opinion_n 8._o for_o the_o invention_n of_o argument_n we_o be_v to_o consider_v common_a place_n and_o rule_n 9_o a_o place_n be_v a_o sense_n or_o commmon_a note_n by_o who_o help_n a_o argument_n be_v find_v 10._o a_o rule_n or_o canon_n be_v a_o proposition_n contain_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o consequence_n in_o a_o dialectical_a syllogism_n 11._o argument_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n artificial_a and_o inartificial_a 12._o artificial_a argument_n be_v such_o as_o from_o the_o 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propose_a order_n show_v you_o the_o canon_n to_o be_v observe_v and_o the_o restriction_n of_o they_o chap._n xi_o of_o the_o topic_n from_o the_o cause_n and_o the_o effect_n there_o be_v four_o kind_n of_o cause_n efficient_a material_a formal_a and_o final_a there_o be_v several_a sub-division_n of_o they_o but_o these_o follow_a be_v the_o most_o convenient_a to_o our_o purpose_n as_o 1._o into_o total_a as_o gold_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o money_n the_o sun_n of_o the_o day_n and_o partial_a as_o timber_n in_o the_o cause_n of_o a_o house_n nature_n of_o learning_n 2._o into_o a_o cause_n actual_o as_o a_o builder_n be_v the_o cause_n ●f_o a_o house_n and_o a_o cause_n potential_o as_o a_o architect_n may_v build_v a_o house_n 3._o into_o a_o re●ote_a cause_n as_o a_o feast_n may_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o ●●ckness_n and_o the_o next_o cause_n as_o crudity_n in_o ●he_n stomach_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o sickness_n 4._o into_o 〈◊〉_d cause_n simple_o and_o by_o itself_o as_o the_o 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