because_o the_o place_n of_o the_o demand_v point_n be_v the_o periphery_a of_o the_o circle_n which_o may_v be_v exhibit_v on_o a_o plain_a and_o be_v always_o situate_v in_o one_o plain_a but_o the_o present_a problem_n be_v solid_a or_o rather_o do_v belong_v to_o the_o superficies_n for_o the_o place_n of_o the_o demand_v point_n in_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o globe_n be_v not_o any_o periphery_n of_o the_o circle_n except_o when_o the_o quarter_n give_v be_v northern_o or_o southern_o but_o a_o certain_a peculiar_a crooked_a solid_a line_n that_o be_v which_o may_v not_o be_v on_o a_o plain_a but_o a_o crooked_a to_o wit_n a_o spherical_a superficies_n yet_o neither_o be_v it_o a_o loxodromical_a line_n of_o which_o we_o shall_v speak_v in_o a_o peculiar_a chapter_n but_o a_o crooked_a line_n of_o its_o own_o kind_a terminate_v on_o both_o side_n now_o for_o the_o conceive_n of_o this_o line_n or_o the_o place_n themselves_o on_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o globe_n let_v the_o give_v place_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o meridian_n then_o if_o the_o quarter_n give_v be_v oriental_a it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o demand_v place_n be_v seat_v in_o the_o part_n of_o the_o globe_n towards_o the_o west_n remove_v from_o the_o meridian_n of_o the_o give_v place_n but_o it_o be_v otherwise_o if_o that_o the_o quarter_n give_v be_v occidental_a and_o if_o the_o quarter_n give_v be_v one_o of_o those_o which_o incline_v from_o the_o east_n or_o west_n towards_o the_o north_n the_o place_n demand_v shall_v lie_v between_o the_o south_n and_o the_o primary_n vertical_a of_o the_o give_v place_n but_o it_o be_v otherwise_o if_o the_o quarter_n give_v be_v one_o of_o those_o which_o incline_v from_o the_o east_n or_o west_n towards_o the_o south_n if_o the_o give_v quarter_n be_v of_o the_o eastern_a or_o western_a aequinoctial_a the_o place_n of_o the_o demand_v place_n shall_v be_v some_o one_o crooked_a line_n begin_v from_o the_o give_v place_n and_o terminate_v in_o the_o vicine_fw-la pole_n seat_v from_o the_o oriental_a part_n of_o the_o meridian_n if_o the_o give_v quarter_n be_v of_o the_o west_n but_o from_o the_o occidental_a if_o that_o the_o give_v quarter_n be_v of_o the_o east_n and_o must_v be_v conceive_v at_o this_o line_n so_o the_o place_n must_v be_v seek_v or_o exhibit_v from_o which_o amsterdam_n lie_v towards_o the_o western_a aequinoctial_o because_o the_o quarter_n or_o vertical_a quadrant_n respect_v the_o eastern_a or_o western_a aequinoctial_a fall_v in_o with_o the_o point_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la which_o be_v 90_o deg_fw-la absent_a from_o the_o meridian_n of_o every_o place_n therefore_o first_o let_v the_o point_n draw_v from_o the_o give_v place_n be_v conceive_v to_o be_v seat_v at_o the_o aequinoctial_a quarter_n or_o point_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la in_o the_o horizon_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o all_o the_o place_n seek_v ought_v so_o to_o be_v seat_v from_o the_o oriental_a part_n of_o the_o meridian_n of_o amsterdam_n so_o that_o their_o quarter_n or_o primary_n vertical_a quadrant_n respect_v the_o west_n must_v cut_v the_o quadrant_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la between_o the_o point_n in_o the_o occident_n and_o the_o meridian_n therefore_o from_o every_o one_o of_o the_o point_n of_o this_o quadrant_n let_v the_o great_a periphery_n be_v conceive_v pass_v through_o amsterdam_n and_o the_o meridian_n draw_v from_o these_o point_v as_o from_o the_o pole_n in_o which_o the_o first_o conceive_v periphery_n every_o one_o cut_v their_o meridian_n be_v those_o demand_v they_o make_v such_o a_o crooked_a line_n as_o i_o have_v say_v which_o put_v itself_o into_o the_o pole_n neither_o be_v it_o infinite_a hence_o the_o difference_n be_v manifest_a between_o the_o crooked_a line_n and_o the_o loxodromic_a for_o this_o do_v not_o arise_v in_o journey_n institute_v towards_o the_o eastern_a or_o western_a aequinoctial_a all_o the_o kind_n of_o this_o of_o which_o we_o now_o do_v speak_v be_v such_o that_o be_v contain_v and_o run_v within_o the_o pole_n and_o the_o quadrant_n of_o the_o 2_o merid._n who_o distance_n do_v not_o exceed_v 90_o deg_fw-la but_o where_o any_o quarter_n be_v give_v intermedial_a between_o the_o cardines_fw-la for_o example_n place_n be_v seek_v from_o which_o amsterdam_n lie_v towards_o the_o south-west_n or_o in_o the_o quarter_n remove_v 45_o deg_fw-la from_o the_o meridian_n of_o every_o place_n towards_o the_o west_n from_o the_o south_n first_o therefore_o let_v another_o meridian_n from_o the_o oriental_a part_n of_o amsterdam_n be_v imagine_v for_o in_o this_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o place_n seek_v aught_o to_o be_v which_o with_o amsterdam_n make_v a_o angle_n of_o 45_o deg_fw-la or_o between_o which_o and_o that_o of_o amsterdam_n the_o intercept_a arch_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la be_v 45_o deg_fw-la this_o shall_v be_v the_o term_n of_o the_o place_n seek_v for_o neither_o beyond_o it_o can_v any_o place_n be_v find_v in_o any_o meridian_n which_o do_v satisfy_v let_v a_o perpendicular_a periphery_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v draw_v from_o amsterdam_n into_o this_o meridian_n moreover_o because_o the_o quarter_n give_v seem_v to_o incline_v towards_o the_o south_n from_o the_o west_n thence_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o place_n demand_v shall_v be_v situate_v in_o the_o space_n of_o the_o triangle_n who_o side_n be_v now_o first_o draw_v perpendicular_a second_o part_n of_o this_o meridian_n be_v intercept_v between_o the_o draw_a periphery_n and_o the_o vicine_fw-la pole_n three_o part_n of_o the_o meridian_n of_o amsterdam_n be_v between_o amsterdam_n and_o the_o adjacent_a pole_n in_o this_o space_n the_o crooked_a line_n all_o who_o point_n answer_v the_o demand_n be_v seat_v which_o creep_v forward_o from_o amsterdam_n with_o a_o crooked_a passage_n even_o to_o the_o pole_n for_o the_o description_n of_o it_o many_o meridian_n be_v to_o be_v take_v from_o which_o the_o great_a periphery_n draw_v to_o amsterdam_n may_v make_v with_o the_o meridian_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v draw_v and_o angle_n of_o forty_o five_o degree_n for_o our_o example_n so_o many_o point_n of_o this_o crooked_a line_n to_o be_v describe_v shall_v be_v find_v we_o have_v treat_v full_o of_o this_o crooked_a line_n in_o our_o book_n of_o crooked_a line_n here_o we_o have_v only_o touch_v what_o be_v proper_a to_o geography_n proposition_n iu._n the_o latitude_n of_o one_o place_n be_v give_v and_o the_o distance_n from_o the_o other_o place_n and_o the_o quarter_n in_o which_o this_o other_o place_n in_o seat_v from_o it_o to_o find_v the_o quarter_n of_o this_o other_o place_n in_o which_o the_o former_a place_n be_v seat_v at_o this_o other_o place_n it_o will_v be_v better_o understand_v by_o a_o example_n viz._n let_v the_o quarter_n be_v give_v in_o which_o the_o city_n of_o hamburgh_n be_v seat_v from_o amsterdam_n we_o seek_v the_o quarter_n in_o which_o amsterdam_n be_v seat_v from_o hamburgh_n the_o vulgar_a opinion_n be_v that_o the_o contrary_a quarter_n be_v to_o be_v take_v which_o be_v false_a and_o in_o this_o all_o mariner_n chart_n and_o all_o right_o line_v map_n do_v much_o err_v the_o solution_n be_v easy_a by_o a_o trigonometrical_a calculation_n or_o by_o the_o globe_n or_o by_o the_o plain_a sphere_n proposition_n v._o to_o make_v a_o terrestrial_a globe_n globe_n of_o the_o make_n a_o terrestrial_a globe_n so_o the_o vulgar_a speak_v very_o confuse_o by_o this_o problem_n but_o the_o distinct_a understanding_n of_o it_o be_v thus_o to_o be_v propound_v in_o a_o mathematical_a style_n any_o piont_n be_v give_v in_o the_o superficies_n of_o any_o globe_n which_o be_v put_v to_o represent_v any_o place_n situate_v in_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o in_o the_o give_v half_a periphery_n to_o find_v out_o any_o line_n and_o point_n in_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o same_o globe_n which_o be_v so_o mutual_o seat_v to_o the_o give_v point_n and_o to_o themselves_o as_o the_o place_n and_o line_n in_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v represent_v by_o they_o be_v situate_v to_o the_o place_n first_o take_v and_o mutual_a to_o themselves_o the_o first_o mode_n globe_n the_o first_o mode_n of_o make_v terrestrial_a globe_n the_o best_a most_o easy_a and_o exact_a method_n be_v that_o by_o which_o from_o the_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n of_o place_n in_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o globe_n itself_o the_o place_n and_o point_v fight_v for_o or_o represent_v the_o part_n of_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v consign_v which_o although_o artificer_n do_v not_o use_v in_o make_v of_o terrestrial_a globe_n which_o be_v sell_v in_o a_o great_a number_n because_o that_o this_o may_v be_v do_v another_o way_n where_o from_o the_o abundance_n of_o their_o sale_n the_o cost_n and_o charge_n be_v sufficient_o
toleration_n of_o all_o religion_n it_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o tay_n which_o like_o a_o large_a but_o calm_a sea_n flow_v on_o the_o north-side_n and_o the_o river_n amster_n take_v its_o course_n from_o the_o south_n through_o three_o lake_n enter_v the_o city_n pass_v through_o it_o and_o fall_v into_o the_o tay._n this_o city_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o great_a haven_n town_n in_o the_o world_n where_o there_o be_v common_o to_o be_v see_v about_o a_o 1000_o sail_n of_o ship_n to_o ride_v and_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o vast_a trade_n to_o foreign_a part_n be_v find_v to_o have_v great_a plenty_n of_o all_o know_a commodity_n as_o be_v general_a trader_n to_o most_o place_n of_o traffic_n 2._o rotterdam_n famous_a for_o give_v birth_n to_o erasmus_n 3._o delft_n inhabit_v most_o by_o brewer_n and_o their_o relation_n 4._o harlem_n where_o printing_n be_v first_o invent_v and_o the_o first_o book_n that_o ever_o be_v print_v be_v tully_n office_n 5_o leyden_n dignify_v with_o a_o famous_a university_n the_o town_n consist_v of_o 41_o island_n the_o passage_n from_o one_o to_o the_o other_o be_v by_o boat_n and_o bridge_n there_o be_v about_o 40_o of_o wood_n and_o 110_o of_o stone_n 6._o dort_n where_o in_o anno_fw-la 1618._o be_v hold_v a_o national_a synod_n against_o the_o arminian_o 7._o brille_n 8._o alemar_n 9_o incluse_a and_o 10_o the_o hague_n a_o village_n but_o the_o large_a in_o the_o world_n equalize_v many_o fair_a city_n number_v about_o 2000_o house_n and_o be_v very_o populous_a it_o be_v adorn_v with_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o state_n general_n who_o have_v here_o their_o assembly_n it_o will_v not_o be_v improper_a to_o speak_v of_o the_o power_n of_o these_o state_n by_o sea_n which_o be_v so_o great_a than_o in_o holland_n zealand_n and_o friezland_n they_o be_v able_a to_o put_v forth_o to_o sea_n about_o 2500_o sail_n of_o ship_n for_o burden_n and_o war_n nor_o can_v it_o be_v forget_v how_o margaret_n child_n a_o strange_a birth_n of_o 365_o child_n sister_n to_o floris_n the_o four_o earl_n of_o holland_n have_v at_o one_o birth_n be_v 42_o year_n of_o age_n 365_o child_n which_o be_v all_o christen_v in_o two_o basin_n in_o the_o church_n of_o lasdunen_n by_o guido_n bishop_n of_o vtrecht_n who_o name_v the_o male_n all_o john_n and_o the_o female_n elizabeth_n and_o the_o basin_n be_v yet_o to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o say_a church_n the_o earldom_n of_o zealand_n quasi_fw-la sea_n and_o land_n zealand_n zealand_n consist_v of_o seven_o island_n the_o remainder_n of_o fifteen_o which_o the_o sea_n be_v say_v to_o have_v swallow_v up_o in_o which_o be_v abundance_n of_o good_a town_n and_o village_n the_o seven_o isle_n yet_o rema_v be_v 1._o walcheren_n who_o principal_a town_n be_v middlebourg_n once_o enjoy_v a_o good_a trade_n by_o the_o residence_n of_o the_o english_a merchant-adventurer_n and_o flushing_n the_o first_o town_n that_o the_o state_n take_v from_o the_o spaniard_n be_v now_o a_o place_n of_o good_a strength_n and_o hold_v to_o be_v the_o key_n of_o the_o netherlands_o the_o second_o isle_n be_v south_n beverland_n who_o chief_a town_n be_v tergowse_n the_o three_o schoven_n where_o be_v sirexee_v and_o brevers_n haven_n the_o four_o tolen_n who_o principal_a place_n be_v tertolenâ—_n the_o other_o three_o island_n be_v north-beverland_a duveland_n and_o wolferdike_n this_o country_n be_v destitute_a of_o freshwater_n and_o wood_n but_o in_o recompense_n be_v very_o fertile_a in_o grain_n zutphen_n earldom_n of_o zutphen_n the_o earldom_n of_o zutphen_n who_o chief_a place_n be_v zutphen_n seat_v on_o the_o yssel_n a_o place_n of_o great_a strength_n utrecht_a barony_n of_o utrecht_a the_o barony_n of_o vtrecht_n north_n of_o holland_n have_v 70_o village_n and_o 5_o wall_a town_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v 1._o vtrecht_n a_o city_n commodious_o feat_v for_o passage_n by_o boat_n to_o divers_a other_o town_n which_o with_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o common_a ferries_n one_o may_v go_v in_o a_o day_n from_o hence_o to_o any_o of_o the_o 59_o wall_a town_n equal_o distant_a from_o it_o and_o to_o dinner_n to_o any_o of_o the_o 26_o town_n and_o return_v at_o night_n 2._o rhenen_n 3._o amsford_n 4._o wicket_n and_o 5._o montfort_n overyssel_n barony_n of_o overyssel_n the_o barony_n of_o overyssel_n bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o wesphalia_n its_o chief_a place_n be_v deventer_n and_o swoll_n in_o the_o quarter_n of_o saland_n oldenzee_n in_o the_o quarter_n of_o tuente_fw-la and_o goevorden_n in_o the_o quarter_n of_o drente_n westfriezlands_n westfriezlands_n the_o barony_n of_o west-friezland_a be_v bound_v on_o the_o west_n and_o north_n with_o the_o sea_n be_v say_v to_o number_v 340_o village_n and_o 10_o town_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v 1._o louvarden_n where_o there_o be_v hold_v the_o common_a council_n for_o the_o province_n 2._o harlingen_n a_o maritime_a town_n 3._o franicker_n of_o late_o make_v a_o university_n and_o 4._o dockum_n groningue_n groningue_n the_o barony_n of_o groningve_n be_v a_o town_n in_o west-friezland_a have_v under_o its_o jurisdiction_n 145_o village_n of_o which_o the_o chief_a be_v groningue_n old_a haven_n and_o keykerke_n under_o the_o name_n of_o germany_n beyond_o the_o rbine_n we_o comprehend_v franconia_n hessia_n and_o westphalia_n franconia_n province_n of_o franconia_n the_o province_n of_o franconia_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n viz._n into_o ecclesiastic_n or_o bishopric_n laic_n and_o imperial_a city_n the_o bishopric_n be_v those_o of_o writzberg_n bamberg_n and_o mergetheim_n cites_n of_o good_a account_n the_o laic_n be_v the_o marquisates_n of_o cullembach_n and_o onspach_n and_o the_o county_n of_o holas_n who_o chief_a place_n be_v weickersheim_n and_o wertheim_n who_o chief_a place_n bear_v the_o same_o name_n and_o the_o imperial_a city_n be_v 1._o nuremberg_n seat_v in_o a_o barren_a soil_n yet_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o industry_n of_o its_o inhabitant_n be_v a_o place_n of_o good_a riches_n and_o well_o frequent_v by_o merchant_n for_o their_o ware_n know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o nuremberg-ware_n 2._o francfort_n seat_v on_o the_o moene_a which_o sever_v it_o into_o two_o part_n but_o join_v together_o by_o a_o fair_a bridge_n it_o be_v encompass_v with_o a_o strong_a double_a wall_n it_o be_v a_o free_a city_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o famous_a for_o the_o two_o fair_n or_o mart_n for_o book_n here_o annual_o hold_v the_o one_o in_o lent_n and_o the_o other_o in_o september_n and_o 3._o schweinfurt_n hassia_n lantgravedom_n of_o hassia_n the_o lantgravedom_n of_o hassia_n eastward_n of_o saxony_n its_o chief_a place_n be_v 1._o cassel_n a_o city_n seat_v in_o a_o fertile_a soil_n yet_o of_o no_o great_a beauty_n 2._o marpurg_n a_o university_n and_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o second_o house_n of_o the_o lantgrave_n and_o 3._o dormestad_v the_o seat_n and_o inheritance_n of_o the_o young_a house_n of_o the_o lantgrave_n to_o this_o province_n do_v belong_v the_o country_n of_o waldeck_n who_o earl_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o lantgrave_n its_o chief_a place_n be_v gorbach_n likewise_o to_o this_o province_n belong_v wetteravia_n who_o chief_a place_n be_v nassau_n solins_n hanâ—u_n and_o isenbourg_n westphalia_n province_n of_o westphalia_n the_o province_n of_o westphalia_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n to_o wit_n ecclesiastic_n county_n and_o imperial_a city_n this_o province_n be_v the_o ancient_a habitation_n of_o the_o saxon_n the_o soil_n be_v very_o fertile_a wonderful_o store_v with_o acorn_n which_o make_v their_o swines-flesh_n excellent_a and_o so_o much_o esteem_v the_o chief_a place_n in_o the_o ecclesiastic_n be_v those_o of_o paderborne_v mind_n and_o arensberg_n also_o the_o bishopric_n of_o collen_n munster_n and_o trier_n the_o bishopric_n of_o collen_n take_v up_o a_o great_a part_n of_o westphalia_n etc._n bishopric_n of_o collen_n etc._n etc._n and_o have_v for_o its_o chief_a place_n collen_n a_o city_n well_o store_v with_o school_n for_o the_o education_n of_o youth_n and_o here_o according_a to_o report_n be_v inter_v the_o body_n of_o the_o three_o wiseman_n which_o come_v from_o the_o east_n to_o worship_v our_o saviour_n vulgar_o call_v the_o three_o king_n of_o collen_n the_o bishopric_n of_o munster_n have_v its_o chief_a place_n so_o call_v seat_v on_o the_o river_n ems_n where_o there_o be_v a_o monastery_n so_o call_v build_v by_o charles_n the_o great_a 2._o warendrop_n and_o 3._o herwerden_n the_o bishopric_n of_o trier_n have_v for_o its_o chief_a place_n 1._o trier_n a_o ancient_a city_n seat_v on_o the_o moselle_n 2._o bopport_v seat_v on_o the_o say_a river_n and_o 3._o enger_n westphalia_n the_o county_n belong_v to_o westphalia_n the_o county_n belong_v to_o the_o province_n of_o westphalia_n be_v 1._o embden_n who_o chief_a place_n be_v aurick_n 2._o oldenbourg_n who_o chief_a place_n be_v
great_a plenty_n of_o wheat_n a_o place_n so_o surfeit_v of_o delight_n that_o the_o vile_a impostor_n mahomet_n will_v never_o enter_v into_o it_o lest_o by_o the_o ravish_a pleasure_n of_o this_o place_n he_o shall_v forget_v the_o business_n he_o be_v send_v about_o and_o make_v this_o his_o paradise_n this_o city_n be_v famous_a first_o for_o her_o founder_n who_o be_v abraham_n servant_n next_o for_o the_o temple_n of_o zacharias_n which_o be_v garnish_v with_o 40_o stately_a porch_n and_o adorn_v with_o about_o 9000_o lantern_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o last_o of_o all_o for_o the_o conversion_n of_o st._n paul_n who_o hear_v first_o preach_v the_o gospel_n for_o which_o he_o be_v force_v to_o make_v his_o escape_n out_o of_o the_o house_n be_v let_v down_o the_o wall_n in_o a_o basket_n josephus_n believe_v that_o it_o be_v build_v by_o we_o the_o son_n of_o abraham_n grandchild_n to_o noah_n however_o it_o be_v after_o type_n and_o sidon_n begin_v to_o decay_v this_o begin_v to_o be_v in_o some_o repute_n and_o have_v be_v esteem_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o phoenicia_n and_o sometime_o of_o all_o syria_n it_o be_v beyond_o mount_n libanus_n in_o respect_n to_o tyre_n and_o sidon_n seat_v in_o a_o soll_z so_o fertile_a and_o delightful_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o river_n and_o fountain_n that_o in_o holy_a scripture_n it_o be_v call_v a_o famous_a city_n a_o city_n of_o joy_n a_o house_n of_o delight_n and_o pleasure_n and_o some_o author_n call_v it_o the_o paradise_n of_o the_o world_n yet_o have_v it_o feel_v very_o great_a change_n as_o well_o as_o tyre_n and_o sidon_n it_o have_v be_v take_v retake_v ruin_v and_o reestablish_v divers_a time_n by_o the_o assyrian_n babylonian_n persian_n macedonian_n roman_n parthian_n saracen_n tartar_n by_o the_o sultan_n of_o egypt_n and_o in_o fine_a by_o the_o turk_n in_o who_o hand_n it_o be_v at_o present_a very_o flourish_v and_o rich_a the_o house_n of_o private_a person_n be_v not_o so_o fair_a without_o as_o within_o the_o public_a building_n be_v very_o beautiful_a the_o castle_n be_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o city_n build_v by_o a_o florentine_a 4._o serepta_n seat_v on_o the_o sea_n coast_n betwixt_o tyre_n and_o sidon_n memorable_a in_o holy_a scripture_n for_o the_o prophet_n elijah_n in_o raise_v from_o death_n the_o poor_a widow_n son_n here_o be_v find_v excellent_a wine_n account_v as_o good_a as_o those_o of_o grece_n 5._o acre_n of_o old_a acon_n and_o ptolemais_n be_v bound_v with_o the_o sea_n on_o two_o side_n the_o three_o be_v join_v to_o a_o plain_a of_o the_o continent_n the_o city_n be_v very_o strong_a be_v wall_v with_o a_o double_a wall_n fortify_v throughout_o on_o the_o outside_n with_o tower_n and_o bulwark_n and_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o city_n a_o strong_a castle_n on_o the_o top_n of_o which_o there_o be_v every_o night_n set_v light_n which_o serve_v to_o direct_v ship_n at_o sea_n to_o their_o port._n the_o plain_n be_v fertile_a and_o well_o water_v with_o stream_n which_o descend_v from_o the_o neighbour_a mountain_n the_o christian_n take_v lose_v and_o retake_v this_o place_n divers_a time_n when_o they_o make_v war_n into_o the_o holy_a land_n in_o which_o none_o more_o famous_a than_o richard_n the_o first_o and_z edward_z the_o first_o both_o king_n of_o england_n the_o same_o do_v likewise_o the_o saracen_n the_o sultan_n of_o egypt_n ruin_v it_o and_o after_o rebuilt_a it_o and_o at_o present_v it_o remain_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o turk_n 6._o tripoli_n of_o syria_n for_o distinction_n from_o tripoli_n of_o barbary_n seat_v in_o a_o rich_a plain_n be_v at_o this_o day_n by_o some_o esteem_v the_o metropolis_n of_o phoenicia_n think_v it_o have_v three_o time_n more_o ruin_n than_o whole_a house_n and_o seat_v about_o two_o mile_n from_o the_o sea_n but_o not_o above_o half_a a_o mile_n from_o its_o haven_n which_o former_o serve_v for_o a_o port_n to_o aleppo_n but_o since_o remove_v to_o alexandretta_n or_o scanderone_n but_o yet_o a_o place_n of_o some_o small_a trade_n afford_v corn_n cotton-wool_n yarn_n silk_n some_o drug_n pot-ash_n and_o other_o commodity_n the_o building_n be_v general_o low_a and_o the_o street_n narrow_a except_v those_o which_o lead_v towards_o aleppo_n which_o be_v fair_a and_o broad_a have_v many_o pleasant_a garden_n which_o be_v water_v with_o delightful_a stream_n in_o which_o garden_n they_o keep_v great_a quantity_n of_o silkworm_n the_o soil_n be_v excellent_a good_a if_o it_o be_v well_o till_v but_o the_o air_n be_v unhealthful_a 7._o biblus_n now_o gibbele_v be_v the_o habitation_n of_o ciniras_n the_o father_n of_o myrrah_n mother_n to_o the_o fair_a adonis_n from_o whence_o the_o neighbour_a river_n take_v its_o name_n remarkable_a in_o the_o infancy_n of_o christianity_n for_o be_v the_o see_v of_o a_o bishop_n but_o now_o by_o the_o turk_n make_v desolate_a and_o 8._o barutt_n or_o beryte_n a_o place_n former_o of_o great_a trade_n but_o now_o of_o great_a concourse_n and_o much_o frequent_v by_o merchant_n and_o other_o it_o be_v the_o road_n for_o all_o those_o caravan_n that_o travel_v from_o aleppo_n damascus_n and_o jerusalem_n to_o cairo_n and_o mecca_n it_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o grand_a signior_n near_o to_o this_o town_n be_v that_o note_a valley_n where_o as_o some_o author_n say_v st._n george_n by_o kill_v the_o dragon_n which_o have_v his_o abode_n in_o a_o cave_n here_o redeemed_z the_o king_n daughter_n which_o be_v to_o be_v deliver_v to_o his_o fury_n palestine_n bound_v palestine_n bound_v palestine_n former_o call_v judaea_n canaan_n or_o the_o holy_a land_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o mount_n hermon_n so_o much_o speak_v of_o in_o holy_a scripture_n on_o the_o south_n with_o part_n of_o arabia_n petraea_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n and_o part_n of_o phoenicia_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o anti-libanus_n which_o separate_v it_o from_o syria_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o phoenicia_n it_o be_v situation_n be_v between_o the_o three_o and_o four_o climate_n which_o make_v the_o long_a day_n to_o be_v 14_o hour_n and_o a_o quarter_n so_o populous_a that_o before_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o israelite_n they_o have_v 30_o king_n and_o afterward_o david_n number_v 1300000_o fight_a man_n beside_o those_o of_o the_o tribe_n of_o benjamin_n and_o levi._n this_o last_o and_o most_o meridional_a part_n of_o syria_n which_o we_o call_v palestine_n first_o receive_v the_o name_n of_o the_o land_n of_o canaan_n because_o the_o child_n of_o canaan_n first_o seize_v it_o and_o part_v it_o among_o they_o when_o god_n have_v promise_v it_o to_o abraham_n and_o his_o posterity_n it_o be_v call_v the_o land_n of_o promise_n but_o when_o it_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o hebrew_n after_o their_o return_n from_o egypt_n and_o that_o they_o have_v divide_v it_o by_o tribe_n it_o take_v the_o name_n of_o the_o land_n of_o the_o hebrew_n under_o which_o it_o be_v govern_v by_o prophet_n judge_n and_o king_n but_o under_o these_o king_n it_o be_v soon_o divide_v into_o two_o realm_n which_o they_o call_v judah_n and_o israel_n under_o the_o roman_n it_o be_v only_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o judea_n or_o palestine_n of_o judea_n because_o that_o the_o tribe_n of_o judah_n be_v always_o the_o most_o powerful_a of_o the_o twelve_o and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o judah_n the_o most_o noble_a and_o preserve_v itself_o long_o than_o that_o of_o israel_n of_o palestina_n because_o the_o philistine_n which_o possess_v a_o part_n of_o the_o maritime_a coast_n of_o judea_n be_v powerful_a and_o very_o well_o know_v to_o stranger_n after_o the_o death_n of_o our_o saviour_n jesus_n christ_n all_o this_o country_n be_v call_v the_o holy_a land_n religion_n a_o description_n of_o the_o jew_n and_o their_o religion_n the_o people_n which_o ancient_o possess_v this_o country_n be_v the_o jew_n be_v of_o a_o middle_a stature_n strong_a of_o body_n of_o a_o black_a complexion_n goggle-eyed_a a_o subtle_a and_o ingenious_a people_n and_o such_o as_o will_v live_v in_o any_o place_n much_o give_v to_o traffic_n usury_n and_o brokage_n not_o lend_v without_o pledge_n and_o take_v the_o forfeiture_n of_o they_o their_o law_n or_o religion_n be_v give_v they_o by_o god_n the_o father_n which_o with_o the_o several_a ceremony_n and_o rite_n etc._n etc._n prescribe_v to_o they_o may_v be_v find_v in_o the_o five_o first_o book_n of_o moses_n their_o synagogue_n be_v neither_o fair_a within_o nor_o without_o save_v only_o adorn_v with_o a_o curtain_n at_o the_o upper_a end_n together_o with_o several_a lamp_n and_o in_o the_o midst_n be_v place_v a_o scaffold_n in_o form_n of_o a_o reading-desk_n for_o their_o priest_n which_o read_v their_o law_n and_o sing_v their_o liturgy_n
they_o read_v in_o a_o strange_a tone_n and_o sing_v as_o bad_a during_o the_o time_n of_o their_o service_n their_o head_n be_v veil_v with_o linen_n fringe_v with_o knot_n answerable_a to_o the_o number_n of_o their_o law_n and_o observe_v a_o continual_a motion_n of_o their_o body_n to_o and_o fro_o and_o often_o jump_v up_o which_o they_o account_v for_o great_a zeal_n in_o their_o devotion_n they_o observe_v much_o reverence_n to_o all_o the_o name_n of_o god_n but_o especial_o to_o jehovah_n insomuch_o that_o they_o do_v never_o use_v it_o in_o vain_a talk_n their_o ancient_a language_n be_v hebrew_a they_o keep_v their_o sabbath_n on_o saturday_n in_o which_o they_o be_v very_o strict_a they_o marry_v their_o daughter_n at_o the_o age_n of_o 12_o year_n as_o not_o affect_v a_o single_a life_n country_n the_o fertility_n of_o the_o country_n this_o country_n be_v so_o fertile_a in_o all_o thing_n that_o it_o be_v term_v a_o land_n flow_v with_o milk_n and_o honey_n adorn_v with_o pleasant_a mountain_n and_o luxurious_a valley_n enrich_v with_o pleasant_a stream_n and_o where_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v neither_o scorch_v with_o heat_n nor_o pinch_v with_o cold_n to_o speak_v of_o all_o the_o memorable_a transaction_n that_o have_v happen_v in_o this_o country_n will_v require_v a_o volume_n by_o itself_o i_o shall_v only_o run_v over_o some_o of_o the_o chief_a and_o then_o proceed_v to_o the_o description_n of_o some_o of_o the_o city_n and_o place_n of_o most_o note_n that_o be_v find_v therein_o it_o be_v famous_a for_o bring_v our_o saviour_n jesus_n christ_n into_o the_o world_n where_o he_o wrought_v so_o many_o miracle_n but_o infamous_a for_o their_o horrid_a action_n of_o crucify_a he_o country_n memorable_a transaction_n in_o this_o country_n the_o lord_n of_o life_n here_o it_o be_v that_o the_o lord_n appear_v to_o jacob_n here_o out_o of_o the_o plain_n of_o moab_n the_o ark_n be_v build_v of_o sittim_n wood_n here_o on_o mount_n tabor_n christ_n be_v transfigure_v on_o mount_n moriah_n isaac_n be_v to_o be_v sacrifice_v on_o mount_n zion_n be_v the_o tower_n of_o david_n on_o mount_n calvary_n as_o some_o aver_v be_v the_o burial-place_n of_o adam_n our_o forefather_n here_o over_z the_o brook_z kedron_n david_n pass_v in_o his_o flight_n from_o absalon_n over_o which_o our_o saviour_n when_o he_o go_v to_o his_o passion_n pass_v here_o run_v the_o river_n of_o jordan_n sufficient_o famous_a nigh_o to_o which_o stand_v the_o city_n of_o sodom_n and_o gomorrha_n here_o at_o a_o place_n call_v endor_n saul_n consult_v with_o a_o witch_n near_o to_o sichem_n jacob_n have_v his_o well_n here_o at_o ashdod_n in_o the_o temple_n of_o dagon_n the_o ark_n of_o the_o lord_n be_v bring_v when_o take_v upon_o the_o entrance_n of_o which_o their_o idol_n fall_v down_o here_o at_o hebron_n be_v the_o plain_a of_o mamre_n where_o abraham_n sit_v in_o his_o tent_n be_v visit_v by_o god_n from_o heaven_n in_o the_o likeness_n of_o a_o man_n this_o city_n he_o buy_v for_o a_o burial-place_n for_o he_o and_o his_o posterity_n where_o sarah_n his_o wife_n be_v first_o inter_v and_o on_o mount_n seir_n be_v the_o habitation_n of_o esau_n after_o his_o departure_n from_o canaan_n i_o shall_v cease_v to_o trouble_v the_o reader_n with_o the_o mention_v of_o many_o more_o remarkable_a passage_n which_o be_v here_o transact_v but_o only_o refer_v they_o to_o the_o book_n of_o the_o old_a and_o new_a testament_n where_o they_o shall_v find_v they_o record_v also_o great_a satisfaction_n may_v be_v receive_v from_o josephus_n a_o book_n of_o good_a repute_n this_o country_n be_v at_o present_a possess_v by_o the_o turk_n as_o master_n of_o it_o but_o inhabit_v by_o moor_n arabian_n greek_n turk_n jew_n nay_o i_o may_v say_v with_o people_n of_o all_o nation_n and_o religion_n but_o set_v aside_o matter_n of_o history_n let_v we_o proceed_v to_o say_v something_o of_o the_o principal_a place_n find_v herein_o and_o first_o with_o jerusalem_n place_n jerusalem_n its_o chief_a place_n jerusalem_n be_v so_o well_o know_v in_o the_o holy_a scripture_n that_o we_o must_v confess_v it_o have_v be_v not_o only_o one_o of_o the_o great_a but_o one_o of_o the_o fair_a city_n in_o the_o world_n be_v call_v the_o city_n of_o the_o lord_n its_o king_n high-priest_n temple_n and_o royal_a palace_n have_v make_v it_o famous_a even_o among_o the_o remote_a people_n its_o circuit_n be_v onto_z 50_o furlong_n which_o be_v only_o 6250_o geometrical_a pace_n but_o so_o well_o build_v that_o it_o be_v capable_a of_o the_o receive_n of_o 150000_o family_n it_o be_v temple_n and_o palace_n especial_o those_o of_o solomon_n be_v the_o fair_a great_a and_o most_o magnificent_a which_o ever_o eye_n behold_v its_o gate_n wall_n tower_n ditch_n cut_v out_o of_o the_o rock_n and_o its_o situation_n in_o the_o mountain_n make_v it_o seem_v impregnable_a this_o city_n once_o sacred_a and_o glorious_a elect_v by_o god_n for_o his_o seat_n place_v it_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o nation_n like_o a_o diadem_n crown_v the_o head_n of_o the_o mountain_n the_o theatre_n of_o mystery_n and_o miracle_n be_v once_o the_o glory_n of_o the_o world_n but_o its_o pride_n and_o other_o horrid_a sin_n in_o the_o end_n lose_v it_o divers_a time_n nebuchadonozor_n be_v the_o first_o that_o ruine_v it_o pompey_z content_v himself_o to_o dismantle_v it_o of_o its_o wall_n and_o to_o fill_v up_o the_o ditch_n vespasian_n and_o titus_n caesar_n utter_o raze_v it_o and_o destroy_v in_o the_o place_n 1100000_o people_n that_o be_v assemble_v to_o the_o pass-ove_a adrian_n ruin_v likewise_o some_o tower_n and_o wall_n which_o have_v be_v leave_v to_o lodge_v the_o roman_a garrison_n and_o after_o cause_v a_o new_a city_n to_o be_v build_v partly_o on_o its_o ancient_a ruin_n and_o partly_o without_o they_o but_o with_o the_o divers_a change_v it_o have_v since_o fall_v under_o its_o beauty_n and_o magnificence_n be_v quite_o decay_a yet_o be_v it_o not_o so_o lose_v but_o that_o there_o be_v several_a place_n yet_o remain_v worthy_a of_o note_n together_z with_o several_z other_o that_o be_v since_o build_v as_o on_o mount_n calvary_n where_o christ_n the_o saviour_n of_o the_o world_n be_v crucify_a there_o be_v a_o rich_a magnificent_a and_o large_a temple_n build_v by_o the_o virtuous_a helena_n daughter_n to_o coilus_n a_o british_a king_n and_o mother_n to_o constantine_n the_o great_a which_o not_o only_o possess_v the_o mount_n but_o also_o all_o the_o garden_n below_o where_o his_o sepulchre_n be_v and_o in_o this_o temple_n there_o be_v several_a rich_a structure_n as_o one_o where_o christ_n be_v imprison_v before_o his_o crucifixion_n another_o where_o christ_n be_v nail_v to_o the_o cross_n another_o where_o he_o be_v crucify_a also_o one_o where_o the_o sepulchre_n be_v the_o altar_n of_o the_o holy_a cross_n the_o altar_n of_o the_o scourge_v the_o chapel_n of_o the_o apparition_n the_o chapel_n of_o the_o angel_n the_o chapel_n of_o the_o division_n of_o his_o garment_n the_o chapel_n of_o st._n helena_n who_o build_v this_o temple_n the_o chapel_n of_o st._n john_n the_o sepulchre_n of_o joseph_n of_o arimathea_n under_o ground_n together_o with_o several_a other_o too_o long_o to_o recite_v to_o this_o place_n there_o be_v a_o great_a resort_n as_o well_o of_o protestant_n as_o papist_n though_o for_o sundry_a end_n which_o bring_v a_o great_a revenue_n none_o be_v permit_v to_o enter_v without_o pay_v some_o money_n which_o the_o jew_n here_o inhabit_v do_v farm_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n at_o a_o large_a yearly_a revenue_n and_o so_o become_v master_n thereof_o make_v a_o great_a profit_n by_o show_v they_o to_o stranger_n which_o come_v hither_o from_o all_o nation_n several_a other_o place_n be_v yet_o remain_v as_o the_o castle_n of_o the_o pisans_n the_o monastery_n of_o the_o franciscan_n the_o church_n of_o st._n james_n the_o church_n of_o st._n mark_n where_o once_o stand_v his_o house_n a_o mosque_n where_o stand_v the_o house_n of_o zebedaeus_n a_o chapel_n where_o stand_v the_o house_n of_o st._n thomas_n the_o church_n of_o the_o angel_n where_o the_o palace_n of_o annas_n the_o highpriest_n stand_v the_o church_n of_o st._n saviour_n where_o the_o palace_n of_o caiphas_n stand_v the_o court_n of_o solomon_n temple_n yet_o remain_v but_o in_o the_o room_n of_o the_o temple_n a_o mosque_n near_o about_o jerusalem_n there_o be_v several_a place_n of_o note_n yet_o remain_v as_o in_o the_o way_n between_o jerusalem_n and_o the_o city_n of_o bethlem_n there_o be_v the_o ruin_n of_o david_n tower_n the_o tower_n of_o simeon_n bathsheba_n fountain_n the_o cistern_n of_o saget_n the_o monastery_n of_o elias_n jacob_n house_n the_o sepulchre_n of_o rachel_n the_o cistern_n of_o david_n the_o house_n of_o joseph_n the_o
author_n for_o the_o confirmation_n thereof_o do_v use_n they_o propose_v so_o obscure_o and_o confuse_o that_o they_o can_v compel_v or_o convince_v a_o obstinate_a and_o pertinacious_a defender_n of_o the_o contrary_a opinion_n we_o therefore_o as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v will_v most_o clear_o set_v forth_o those_o very_a opinion_n and_o examine_v they_o that_o the_o reader_n may_v have_v a_o distinct_a knowledge_n thereof_o round_o reason_n to_o prove_v the_o earth_n round_o first_o i_o reject_v the_o slight_a reason_n or_o argument_n which_o be_v probable_a or_o rather_o sophistical_a first_o the_o spheric_a figure_n be_v most_o capacious_a therefore_o the_o earth_n ought_v to_o have_v such_o a_o kind_n of_o figure_n second_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n tend_v to_o the_o same_o centre_n therefore_o all_o those_o part_n make_v a_o round_a figure_n three_o when_o as_o in_o the_o creation_n the_o water_n as_o yet_o be_v confuse_o mix_v with_o the_o earth_n without_o doubt_n the_o earth_n be_v moist_a and_o soft_a but_o the_o figure_n or_o shape_n of_o liquid_a thing_n be_v round_o or_o spherical_a therefore_o such_o also_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o earth_n remain_v after_o the_o separation_n of_o the_o moist_a from_o the_o dry_a these_o and_o the_o like_a argument_n be_v slight_v let_v we_o view_v and_o consider_v the_o strong_a and_o most_o solid_a there_o be_v but_o one_o argument_n of_o one_o and_o the_o first_o kind_n which_o be_v take_v à _fw-la priori_fw-la but_o the_o other_o two_o kind_n be_v take_v à _fw-la posteriori_fw-la to_o wit_n some_o argument_n be_v take_v from_o the_o celestial_a appearance_n some_o again_o from_o they_o which_o we_o either_o observe_v in_o the_o earth_n or_o in_o heaven_n as_o for_o the_o first_o argument_n conclude_v à _fw-la priori_fw-la it_o be_v take_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o water_n and_o this_o demonstration_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v take_v either_o from_o aristotle_n or_o archimedes_n aristotle_n in_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr coelo_fw-la chap._n 5._o have_v propose_v his_o demonstration_n in_o these_o very_a word_n round_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n round_o it_o shall_v manifest_o appear_v that_o the_o superficies_n or_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n be_v round_o if_o we_o shall_v take_v the_o supposition_n that_o water_n of_o its_o own_o nature_n make_v its_o confluence_n always_o to_o a_o hollow_a place_n and_o that_o that_o place_n be_v more_o concavous_a which_o be_v near_o the_o centre_n therefore_o from_o the_o centre_n a_o let_v the_o strait_a line_n a_o b_o and_o a_o g_o be_v draw_v and_z from_z b_o unto_z g_z let_v the_o line_n b_o g_o be_v draw_v scheme_n see_v scheme_n unto_o which_o from_o a_o let_v a_o perpendicular_a line_n a_o d_o be_v draw_v into_o e._n it_o be_v manifest_a therefore_o that_o the_o line_n a_o d_o be_v less_o than_o the_o line_n a_o b_o and_z a_o g_z by_o the_o 18_o of_o the_o first_o book_n of_o euclid_n element_n geometrical_a therefore_o this_o place_n d_o be_v more_o concavous_a wherefore_o the_o water_n shall_v flow_v from_o b_o and_z g_z until_o the_o line_n a_o b_o a_o d_o a_o g_o may_v be_v equal_a but_o a_o e_o be_v equal_a to_o a_o b_o a_o g_o therefore_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o the_o very_a water_n shall_v be_v in_o these_o line_n which_o be_v draw_v in_o the_o centre_n this_o part_n of_o the_o demonstration_n be_v clear_o know_v but_o a_o e_o etc._n etc._n make_v nothing_o for_o the_o demonstration_n but_o that_o line_n which_o touch_v they_o which_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o centre_n be_v the_o circumference_n therefore_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n which_o true_o be_v b_o e_o g_o be_v round_o note_v thing_n to_o be_v note_v this_o be_v aristotle_n demonstration_n in_o which_o beside_o the_o confuse_a and_o evil_a composure_n thereof_o these_o thing_n i_o observe_v first_o that_o it_o suppose_v some_o centre_n of_o the_o whole_a universe_n second_o that_o it_o take_v the_o place_n more_o or_o less_o bend_v down_o in_o regard_n of_o that_o centre_n for_o he_o which_o shall_v deny_v the_o shape_n or_o figure_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o be_v spherical_a will_v call_v these_o thing_n into_o question_n yet_o the_o first_o may_v be_v sufficient_o concern_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o universe_n prove_v or_o correct_v for_o we_o must_v say_v that_o either_o the_o star_n be_v wheel_v round_o about_o by_o a_o diurnal_a motion_n or_o that_o the_o earth_n be_v turn_v round_o about_o its_o own_o centre_n for_o this_o the_o apparent_a motion_n of_o the_o star_n force_v and_o cause_v if_o the_o star_n than_o that_o point_n about_o which_o they_o be_v turn_v shall_v be_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o universe_n if_o the_o earth_n than_o the_o middle_a point_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o that_o about_o which_o it_o be_v turn_v shall_v be_v take_v in_o the_o demonstration_n for_o the_o central_n point_n of_o aristotle_n but_o the_o chief_a difficulty_n lie_v in_o the_o second_o supposition_n to_o wit_n that_o the_o lesser_a or_o great_a declivity_n or_o bend_v downward_o aught_o to_o be_v consider_v in_o respect_n of_o that_o centre_n for_o he_o which_o will_v defend_v the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n to_o be_v plain_a and_o of_o another_o figure_n he_o will_v deny_v this_o supposition_n and_o will_v say_v that_o the_o declivity_n must_v be_v consider_v according_a to_o our_o sense_n to_o wit_n in_o respect_n of_o our_o horizontal_n plain_a according_a to_o which_o the_o earth_n with_o infinite_a space_n be_v extend_v into_o profundity_n or_o else_o he_o will_v define_v the_o declivity_n in_o another_o manner_n and_o thus_o this_o demonstration_n conclude_v nothing_o at_o all_o unless_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o the_o declivity_n of_o the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n must_v be_v take_v in_o respect_n of_o that_o centre_n about_o which_o the_o daily_a apparent_a motion_n of_o the_o celestial_a body_n be_v perform_v which_o thing_n although_o it_o may_v be_v true_a and_o all_o other_o definition_n of_o declivity_n according_a to_o which_o the_o water_n may_v be_v move_v may_v also_o be_v confute_v yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o can_v scarce_o be_v admit_v for_o a_o principle_n see_v that_o it_o in_o a_o manner_n suppose_v the_o figure_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o be_v spherical_a aristotle_n archimedes_n his_o demonstration_n by_o some_o prefer_v before_o those_o of_o aristotle_n other_o therefore_o prefer_v archimedes_n his_o demonstration_n before_o this_o of_o aristotle_n which_o be_v find_v in_o his_o first_o book_n concern_v those_o thing_n that_o be_v carry_v in_o the_o water_n this_o indeed_o be_v more_o artificial_a than_o that_o of_o aristotle_n yet_o it_o be_v oppress_v with_o the_o same_o difficulty_n forasmuch_o as_o it_o suppose_v the_o spherical_a figure_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o its_o centre_n in_o respect_n of_o which_o it_o take_v the_o depression_n of_o the_o water_n we_o will_v bring_v hither_o some_o argument_n frame_v from_o those_o that_o be_v take_v from_o celestial_a appearance_n first_o let_v we_o conceive_v the_o meridian_n line_n of_o our_o place_n or_o of_o any_o point_n of_o b_o in_o the_o earth_n scheme_n see_v scheme_n or_o a_o section_n of_o the_o earth_n make_v in_o plane_n which_o through_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n m_o n_n pass_v through_o a_o b_o c_o d_o this_o line_n be_v usual_o call_v the_o latitude_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o line_n which_o be_v draw_v perpendicular_a to_o this_o be_v name_v the_o longitude_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o another_o plain_a parallel_n to_o the_o celestial_a equator_fw-la make_v in_o the_o earth_n the_o line_n e_o b_o f_o c._n i_o say_v as_o well_o the_o line_n a_o b_o c_o d_o as_o the_o line_n e_o b_o f_o c_o in_o the_o earth_n to_o be_v circular_a but_o it_o be_v a_o geometrical_a thorem_fw-la if_o any_o superficies_n according_a to_o one_o dimension_n be_v cut_v through_o any_o point_n and_o the_o section_n be_v make_v in_o the_o periphery_a or_o circumference_n of_o the_o circle_n then_o according_a to_o the_o other_o dimension_n through_o the_o same_o point_n the_o section_n be_v make_v in_o plain_a which_o be_v perpendicular_a to_o the_o former_a plain_n and_o the_o section_n again_o be_v make_v in_o the_o periphery_a of_o the_o circle_n that_o superficies_n be_v spherical_a therefore_o because_o we_o have_v take_v the_o point_n b_o in_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n according_a to_o our_o own_o pleasure_n and_o have_v show_v the_o section_n a_o b_o c_o d_o and_o e_o b_o f_o c_o to_o be_v the_o periphery_n of_o the_o circle_n body_n the_o earth_n a_o spherical_a body_n therefore_o by_o the_o aforesaid_a theorem_n we_o conclude_v that_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v spherical_a and_o that_o the_o earth_n be_v a_o spherical_a body_n circular_a the_o section_n of_o the_o earth_n according_a to_o the_o dimension_n
therefore_o a_o round_a spherical_a figure_n be_v to_o be_v assign_v to_o the_o earth_n because_o all_o the_o appearance_n as_o well_o celestial_a as_o the_o divers_a elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n the_o divers_a altitude_n of_o the_o sun_n of_o that_o day_n in_o divers_a country_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o shadow_n the_o difference_n and_o increase_n of_o the_o long_a day_n towards_o the_o pole_n time_n of_o the_o rise_n and_o set_v of_o the_o star_n etc._n etc._n as_o terrestrial_a as_o the_o direction_n of_o navigation_n the_o appear_v and_o hide_v of_o tower_n and_o mountain_n the_o distance_n of_o place_n the_o port_n coast_n wind_n etc._n etc._n be_v most_o commodious_o declare_v by_o that_o round_a or_o spherical_a form_n or_o figure_n neither_o can_v another_o figure_n be_v devise_v which_o can_v perform_v that_o as_o it_o be_v manifest_a by_o the_o consideration_n of_o divers_a figure_n and_o form_n of_o body_n and_o our_o artificial_a terrestrial_a globe_n so_o just_o represent_v all_o these_o thing_n as_o they_o be_v real_o find_v to_o be_v in_o the_o earth_n which_o certain_o can_v not_o be_v do_v if_o the_o earth_n have_v any_o form_n or_o figure_n than_o that_o of_o our_o artificial_a globe_n and_o what_o other_o form_n soever_o you_o shall_v choose_v there_o will_v follow_v innumerable_a absurdity_n for_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o it_o be_v not_o plain_a by_o the_o appearance_n hither_o allege_v and_o that_o it_o neither_o can_v be_v hollow_a be_v clear_a from_o this_o that_o the_o sun_n and_o star_n ought_v first_o than_o to_o appear_v to_o the_o western_a people_n than_o to_o the_o eastern_a if_o it_o be_v of_o such_o a_o figure_n as_o we_o see_v the_o sun_n rise_v first_o to_o illuminate_v the_o valley_n before_o it_o can_v give_v light_n to_o the_o averse_a part_n of_o mountain_n chap._n iu._n concern_v the_o dimension_n and_o magnitude_n of_o the_o earth_n earth_n the_o opinion_n of_o divers_a writer_n concern_v the_o dimension_n and_o magnitude_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o dimension_n or_o measure_n of_o the_o earth_n comprehend_v three_o principal_a head_n first_o the_o longitude_n or_o length_n of_o the_o diameter_n or_o half_a diameter_n that_o be_v of_o a_o line_n from_o the_o superficies_n to_o the_o centre_n as_o also_o of_o a_o periphery_a of_o the_o earth_n or_o the_o circumference_n second_o the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n three_o the_o solidness_n or_o corporeal_a dimension_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o these_o thing_n be_v so_o contrive_v together_o that_o one_o of_o they_o be_v know_v the_o other_o two_o come_v to_o our_o knowledge_n by_o geometrical_a instrument_n because_o the_o earth_n be_v a_o certain_a sphere_n as_o it_o be_v show_v in_o the_o second_o chapter_n this_o property_n be_v the_o most_o noble_a and_o hard_a to_o know_v and_o have_v exercise_v the_o most_o excellent_a wit_n for_o many_o age_n insomuch_o that_o some_o man_n have_v write_v whole_a book_n concern_v this_o matter_n and_o therefore_o i_o have_v think_v that_o it_o will_v not_o prove_v ungrateful_a to_o the_o student_n of_o geometry_n if_o i_o shall_v full_o relate_v here_o the_o history_n of_o this_o dimension_n diogenes_n laertius_n praise_v anaximander_n the_o milesian_n the_o scholar_n of_o thales_n thales_n anaximander_n the_o milesian_n the_o scholar_n of_o thales_n that_o beside_o other_o astronomical_a invention_n he_o first_o of_o all_o other_o describe_v the_o circuit_n or_o perimeter_n of_o both_o land_n and_o sea_n but_o anaximander_n live_v about_o the_o year_n 550_o before_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n the_o mathematician_n of_o succeed_a age_n seem_v to_o have_v follow_v his_o dimension_n even_o until_o eratosthenes_n aristotle_n aristotle_n because_o author_n make_v mention_n of_o none_o other_o and_o therefore_o i_o judge_v that_o to_o be_v the_o magnitude_n assign_v by_o anaximander_n which_o aristotle_n have_v note_v in_o the_o end_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr coelo_fw-la say_v the_o mathematician_n also_o which_o endeavour_n to_o measure_v out_o the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o world_n report_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v bound_v in_o and_o gird_v with_o four_o hundred_o stadiums_n by_o this_o perimeter_n it_o be_v no_o difficult_a matter_n to_o assign_v the_o half_a diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n according_a to_o anaximander_n but_o because_o we_o can_v find_v nothing_o note_v concern_v anaximander_n invention_n beside_o that_o one_o place_n of_o diogenes_n laertius_n eratosthenes_n eratosthenes_n his_o and_o eratosthenes_n his_o diligence_n be_v obscure_v who_o next_o after_o anaximander_n undertake_v this_o business_n with_o great_a applause_n of_o all_o man_n he_o live_v about_o two_o hundred_o year_n before_o christ_n and_o as_o he_o be_v most_o conversant_a in_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o mathematics_n and_o dimension_n so_o he_o be_v esteem_v most_o accurate_o to_o have_v perfect_v gâ—eodaesia_n or_o survey_v and_o this_o glory_n be_v principal_o ascribe_v to_o he_o but_o he_o discover_v and_o deliver_v earth_n the_o circuit_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o the_o perimeter_n or_o circuit_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v two_o hundred_o fifty_o thousand_o stadiums_n or_o furlong_n but_o other_o two_o hundred_o fifty_o two_o thousand_o which_o pliny_n report_v to_o make_v up_o three_o hundred_o fifteen_o thousand_o roman_a mile_n every_o one_o of_o which_o be_v think_v to_o be_v a_o thousand_o pace_n eratosthenes_n have_v write_v three_o book_n of_o geography_n eratosthenes_n eratosthenes_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o injury_n of_o time_n be_v now_o not_o to_o be_v find_v strabo_n strabo_n strabo_n the_o famous_a geographer_n relate_v the_o content_n and_o argument_n of_o each_o book_n cleomedes_n cleomedes_n and_o cleomedes_n have_v note_v up_o his_o manner_n which_o eratosthenes_n use_v for_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o circuit_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o which_o what_o can_v be_v want_v we_o will_v hereafter_o declare_v for_o indeed_o eratosthenes_n his_o measure_v forth_o the_o earth_n be_v by_o many_o mathematician_n especial_o hipparchus_n a_o hundred_o year_n after_o eratosthenes_n judge_v to_o swerve_v from_o the_o truth_n although_o there_o be_v nothing_o write_v touch_v eratosthenes_n his_o dimension_n or_o measure_v forth_o the_o earth_n but_o that_o he_o add_v twenty_o five_o thousand_o stadium_n to_o the_o perimeter_n possidonius_fw-la possidonius_fw-la but_o posidonius_n be_v not_o only_o a_o most_o know_a astronomer_n and_o practioner_n but_o also_o in_o every_o part_n of_o philosophy_n most_o expert_a do_v next_o after_o eratosthenes_n enter_v upon_o this_o doctrine_n a_o little_a before_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n to_o wit_n in_o the_o time_n of_o cicero_n and_o pompey_n this_o man_n by_o his_o dimension_n find_v the_o circumference_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o be_v two_o hundred_o forty_o thousand_o stadium_n cleomedes_n cleomedes_n as_o cleomedes_n have_v note_v but_o 180000_o stadium_n strabo_n strabo_n as_o strabo_n have_v deliver_v whereby_o arise_v a_o great_a doubt_n concern_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o difference_n between_o cleomedes_n and_o strabo_n his_o allowance_n see_v this_o of_o strabo_n be_v the_o true_a although_o utter_v in_o a_o few_o word_n but_o cleomedes_n his_o assignation_n of_o the_o same_o be_v far_o from_o truth_n although_o he_o read_v and_o expound_v posidonius_n his_o geodesie_n to_o many_o concern_v his_o size_n or_o manner_n we_o will_v speak_v hereafter_o but_o the_o dimension_n of_o eratosthenes_n be_v use_v as_o yet_o of_o many_o even_o to_o ptolomy_n time_n the_o year_n 144_o after_o christ_n who_o use_v a_o perimeter_n of_o 180000_o stadium_n and_o affirm_v it_o to_o be_v more_o agreeable_a to_o truth_n insomuch_o that_o this_o very_a invention_n be_v by_o theon_n ascribe_v to_o he_o theon_n theon_n it_o be_v gather_v that_o marinus_n a_o famous_a geographer_n marinus_n marinus_n and_o by_o who_o write_n ptolemy_n be_v much_o aid_v do_v attempt_v something_o in_o this_o business_n as_o appear_v by_o his_o geographical_a write_n of_o the_o same_o ptolemy_n after_o these_o time_n when_o as_o the_o study_n and_o prosecution_n of_o the_o science_n by_o little_a and_o little_o vanish_v away_o in_o greece_n nothing_o be_v do_v in_o this_o business_n neither_o do_v the_o roman_n undertake_v any_o thing_n herein_o but_o the_o arabian_n and_o sarazon_n have_v obtain_v the_o empire_n or_o glory_n of_o other_o art_n from_o the_o grecian_n to_o themselves_o so_o likewise_o they_o leave_v not_o this_o part_n of_o the_o mathematics_n untouched_a forasmuch_o as_o snellius_n relate_v out_o of_o abelfedea_n a_o arabian_a geographer_n who_o flourish_v about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1300_o and_o who_o write_n be_v print_v at_o rome_n about_o the_o 800_o year_n of_o the_o christian_a account_n flourish_v maimon_n ring_n of_o arabia_n studious_a in_o geography_n in_o who_o day_n it_o flourish_v maimon_n king_n of_o the_o arabian_n or_o the_o calife_n of_o babylon_n be_v studious_a in_o the_o mathematics_n forasmuch_o as_o he_o
above_o one_o german_n mile_n if_o we_o take_v the_o altitude_n of_o the_o sun_n one_o degree_n the_o height_n of_o the_o mountain_n athos_n will_v be_v find_v to_o be_v 20_o stadium_n yet_o notwithstanding_o i_o esteem_v the_o over_o great_a distance_n of_o lemnos_n from_o the_o mountain_n athos_n assign_v by_o pliny_n to_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o overgreat_a magnitude_n arise_v from_o the_o calculation_n for_o sophians_n tuble_n of_o greece_n and_o blavius_fw-la his_o table_n of_o modern_a greece_n do_v only_o exhibit_v and_o allow_v 55_o italian_a mile_n the_o distance_n for_o f_o a._n therefore_o the_o angle_n f_o r_o t_o shall_v scarce_o be_v one_o degree_n to_o wit_n 55_o minute_n and_o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o sun_n one_o degree_n 30_o minute_n and_o therefore_o f_o r_n t_o 87_o degree_n 35_o minute_n and_o if_o it_o be_v do_v in_o the_o triangle_n f_o r_o t_o as_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o angle_n f_o r_o t_o 87_o degree_n 35_o minute_n to_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o angle_n t_o r_o r_n 91_o degree_n 30_o minute_n so_o f_o r_n 860_o to_o r_o t._n or_o in_o the_o triangle_n t_o f_o a_o straight_o angle_v to_o a_o the_o angle_n t_o f_o a_o shall_v be_v one_o degree_n 30_o minute_n and_o f_o a_o be_v assume_v as_o the_o strait_a or_o right_o of_o 55_o mile_n the_o altitude_n a_o t_o shall_v be_v find_v according_a to_o this_o proportion_n as_o the_o whole_a sign_n to_o the_o tangent_fw-la of_o the_o angle_n t_o f_o a_o one_o degree_n 30_o minute_n so_o f_o a_o 55_o mile_n to_o a_o t_o the_o height_n of_o the_o mountain_n here_o also_o be_v the_o problem_n to_o be_v answer_v viz._n how_o the_o height_n of_o any_o mountain_n may_v be_v find_v if_o it_o be_v full_o search_v out_o how_o much_o soon_o the_o sun_n be_v see_v to_o rise_v in_o the_o top_n of_o that_o mountain_n than_o at_o the_o foot_n thereof_o and_o contrariwise_o if_o the_o altitude_n be_v give_v how_o and_o in_o what_o manner_n this_o difference_n of_o time_n be_v to_o be_v find_v out_o touch_v which_o matter_n aristotle_n and_o pliny_n have_v deliver_v incredible_a story_n and_o such_o as_o the_o true_a calculation_n and_o account_n do_v teach_v to_o be_v evident_o otherwise_o but_o see_v this_o can_v be_v explicate_v without_o the_o solution_n of_o another_o problem_n which_o we_o have_v refer_v to_o the_o second_o part_n of_o this_o book_n therefore_o we_o will_v defer_v these_o two_o problem_n to_o the_o thirty_o chapter_n proposition_n vii_o the_o altitude_n of_o mountain_n have_v no_o sensible_a proportion_n to_o the_o half_a diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o else_o so_o little_a that_o it_o hinder_v the_o roundness_n of_o the_o earth_n no_o more_o than_o a_o point_a note_n upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o artificial_a globe_n earth_n the_o height_n of_o the_o mountain_n no_o hindrance_n to_o the_o roundness_n of_o the_o earth_n for_o we_o have_v show_v that_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o island_n teneriff_n call_v el_n pico_n de_fw-fr tayde_v to_o have_v no_o great_a altitude_n than_o one_o mile_n or_o at_o most_o 1½_n mile_n and_o certain_o experience_n can_v scarce_o find_v out_o a_o mountain_n high_o than_o that_o see_v therefore_o the_o half_a diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v 860_o mile_n it_o shall_v be_v the_o model_n and_o account_n of_o the_o great_a height_n of_o the_o mountain_n to_o the_o half_a diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v 1_o to_o 860_o to_o wit_n of_o which_o part_v the_o half_a diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o any_o globe_n be_v 360_o one_o of_o such_o the_o great_a height_n of_o the_o mountain_n shall_v have_v and_o whereas_o there_o be_v very_o few_o mountain_n of_o so_o great_a height_n but_o that_o very_o many_o of_o they_o scarce_o ascend_v to_o the_o four_o part_n of_o a_o mile_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o they_o heave_v or_o lift_v up_o the_o roundness_n of_o the_o earth_n no_o more_o than_o certain_a ruggedness_n in_o globe_n make_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o artificer_n do_v disproportion_n the_o roundness_n of_o those_o globe_n for_o indeed_o there_o be_v no_o body_n in_o the_o whole_a nature_n of_o thing_n that_o can_v have_v a_o exact_a geometrical_a roundness_n proposition_n viii_o why_o shower_n of_o rain_n mist_n and_o snow_n be_v frequent_a on_o the_o top_n of_o mountain_n when_o as_o in_o the_o neighbour_a valley_n the_o air_n be_v serene_a and_o calm_a without_o any_o such_o meteor_n valley_n shower_n of_o rain_n snow_n mist_n etc._n etc._n on_o â—he_n top_n of_o mountain_n when_o not_o in_o the_o valley_n they_o which_o have_v travel_v on_o the_o high_a land_n or_o mountainous_a place_n of_o asia_n peruvia_n and_o other_o country_n aver_v that_o it_o oft_o fall_v out_o that_o they_o which_o be_v conversant_a on_o the_o top_n of_o mountain_n do_v there_o feel_v and_o find_v shower_n of_o rain_n snow_n and_o thick_a and_o foggy_a mist_n but_o descend_v thence_o to_o the_o valley_n lie_v thereunder_o they_o feel_v no_o such_o thing_n but_o find_v a_o clear_a and_o calm_a air._n we_o sometime_o observe_v the_o same_o in_o the_o mountain_n of_o our_o own_o country_n some_o say_v that_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o phaenomenon_n or_o appearance_n be_v that_o the_o mountain_n attract_v thither_o the_o air_n and_o cloud_n but_o they_o do_v not_o declare_v by_o what_o faculty_n or_o power_n they_o may_v do_v it_o and_o therefore_o they_o say_v nothing_o to_o the_o purpose_n it_o seem_v to_o i_o that_o it_o be_v do_v in_o this_o manner_n the_o vapour_n and_o exhalation_n when_o as_o in_o the_o middle_a region_n of_o the_o air_n in_o which_o very_o many_o top_n of_o mountain_n be_v they_o be_v condensated_a into_o small_a drop_n begin_v to_o decline_v downward_o and_o because_o the_o top_n of_o mountain_n be_v near_o to_o those_o vapour_n and_o exhalation_n condensated_a in_o the_o middle_a region_n of_o the_o air_n than_o the_o valley_n lie_v under_o they_o therefore_o those_o small_a drop_n which_o be_v above_o those_o mountain_n top_n come_v first_o to_o the_o ground_n leave_v a_o place_n in_o the_o region_n of_o the_o air_n which_o present_o the_o next_o small_a drop_n do_v enjoy_v because_o they_o be_v force_v and_o thrust_v forth_o by_o other_o either_o by_o reason_n of_o nature_n abhor_v and_o shun_v of_o vacuity_n or_o emptiness_n or_o because_o this_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o water_n that_o it_o flow_v and_o run_v to_o that_o place_n where_o its_o flux_n or_o flow_v first_o begin_v or_o where_o the_o place_n be_v more_o low_a and_o sink_v proposition_n ix_o whether_o the_o superficies_n of_o a_o mountain_n be_v more_o capacious_a than_o the_o plane_n underneath_o it_o upon_o who_o it_o stand_v mountain_n of_o the_o superficies_n of_o mountain_n geometry_n prove_v it_o to_o be_v great_a but_o yet_o it_o be_v another_o question_n whether_o therefore_o it_o can_v sustain_v the_o more_o man_n or_o bear_v the_o great_a plenty_n of_o provision_n i_o prove_v the_o affirmative_a for_o although_o all_o thing_n place_v in_o a_o movatain_a aught_o to_o be_v perpendicular_a to_o the_o under_o sink_v or_o place_v plane_n yet_o great_a store_n of_o earth_n and_o a_o great_a surface_n be_v there_o chap._n x._o of_o the_o difference_n and_o tract_n of_o mountain_n and_o in_o special_a concern_v burn_a mountain_n proposition_n i._o some_o mountain_n be_v bound_v about_o with_o a_o little_a space_n other_o extend_v themselves_o out_o and_o march_v forth_o at_o a_o long_a reach_n and_o trace_v hill_n of_o mountain_n or_o hill_n and_o these_o mountain_n or_o hill_n of_o the_o late_a sort_n be_v call_v top_n yoke_n or_o chain_n of_o mountain_n or_o hill_n there_o be_v find_v such_o like_a chain_n of_o mountain_n or_o hill_n almost_o in_o all_o country_n in_o the_o world_n so_o that_o they_o may_v be_v judge_v to_o be_v thereby_o continual_a but_o that_o small_a space_n interpose_v and_o thrust_v in_o themselves_o but_o they_o march_v out_o at_o length_n into_o divers_a coast_n some_o from_o the_o north_n into_o the_o south_n some_o from_o the_o east_n into_o the_o west_n and_o othersome_a to_o coast_n collateral_a to_o the_o cardinal_n point_v the_o most_o famous_a chain_n or_o cliff_n of_o hill_n be_v these_o follow_v alps_n of_o the_o hill_n or_o mountain_n call_v the_o alps_n 1._o the_o alps_n which_o separate_v italy_n from_o the_o neighbour_a country_n extend_v themselves_o out_o by_o a_o vast_a tract_n of_o earth_n and_o do_v as_o it_o be_v send_v forth_o their_o arm_n into_o other_o province_n and_o country_n to_o wit_n through_o france_n to_o spain_n where_o they_o be_v call_v the_o pyrenean_n hill_n or_o mountain_n and_o to_o rhetia_n where_o they_o be_v call_v the_o rhetick_a hill_n and_o to_o hungaria_n where_o they_o be_v name_v the_o hungarian_a mountain_n and_o doubtful_a one_o then_o
of_o which_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o mutation_n of_o the_o height_n of_o the_o sea_n avail_v much_o sometime_o in_o this_o and_o sometime_o in_o that_o part_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o flood_n wave_n or_o tempest_n for_o the_o water_n be_v make_v high_o more_o press_v the_o water_n and_o promote_v its_o ingress_n through_o the_o earth_n to_o the_o spring_n and_o see_v that_o every_o day_n the_o altitude_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v augment_v and_o diminish_v in_o the_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n not_o only_o by_o storm_n but_o also_o by_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n therefore_o such_o a_o pressure_n happen_v every_o day_n but_o i_o question_v whether_o this_o cause_n can_v effect_v much_o answer_v the_o three_o argument_n answer_v unto_o the_o three_o argument_n i_o say_v that_o the_o reason_n be_v the_o disposition_n of_o the_o place_n and_o of_o the_o earth_n itself_o and_o as_o i_o say_v that_o the_o humour_n be_v move_v and_o glide_v towards_o that_o part_n where_o the_o flux_n be_v make_v neither_o do_v i_o think_v it_o need_v any_o far_a explication_n answer_v the_o four_o argument_n answer_v the_o four_o argument_n take_v from_o the_o saltness_n have_v a_o more_o difficult_a solution_n because_o that_o it_o seem_v not_o possible_a that_o the_o saltness_n shall_v be_v take_v away_o only_o by_o transcolation_n for_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o water_n consist_v in_o a_o double_a salt_n which_o the_o aristotelian_o never_o observe_v the_o one_o of_o which_o the_o chemist_n apt_o call_v fix_v the_o other_o volatile_a salt_n and_o the_o fix_a salt_n may_v indeed_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o marine_a water_n as_o well_o by_o continual_a transcolation_n as_o by_o coction_n and_o distillation_n of_o the_o water_n but_o the_o volatile_a salt_n because_o it_o be_v spirituous_a be_v immediate_o advance_v with_o the_o water_n neither_o can_v it_o be_v separate_v by_o frequent_a and_o often_o repeat_v distillation_n therefore_o it_o be_v hard_o to_o give_v a_o mode_n by_o which_o this_o volatile_a salt_n spirit_n in_o its_o passage_n between_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o fountain_n may_v be_v separate_v from_o the_o sea_n water_n yet_o in_o the_o mean_a while_o these_o will_v suffice_v for_o the_o solution_n 1._o although_o we_o have_v not_o discover_v the_o mode_n and_o artifice_n by_o which_o this_o volatile_a salsitude_n may_v be_v separate_v from_o the_o sea_n water_n yet_o we_o must_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o it_o may_v be_v separate_v for_o by_o nature_n we_o find_v it_o separate_v viz._n for_o fresh_a shower_n fall_v into_o the_o ocean_n which_o yet_o be_v generate_v of_o the_o vapour_n take_v up_o from_o the_o sea_n 2._o those_o particle_n of_o salt_n water_n penetrate_v the_o earth_n before_o they_o flow_v to_o their_o fountain_n be_v mix_v here_o and_o there_o with_o other_o water_n proceed_v there_o from_o rain_n or_o vapour_n and_o so_o that_o small_a saltitude_n that_o they_o yet_o have_v be_v render_v altogether_o insensible_a 3._o it_o be_v not_o true_a that_o the_o salsitude_n be_v altogether_o insensible_a in_o all_o spring_n because_o that_o some_o fountain_n be_v salt_n as_o we_o say_v before_o othersome_a brackish_a a_o little_a as_o those_o two_o mile_n from_o the_o city_n suez_n and_o in_o place_n less_o remote_a from_o the_o sea_n therefore_o there_o be_v need_n of_o a_o long_a transcolation_n and_o gentle_a evaporation_n to_o separate_v the_o water_n from_o the_o volatile_a salt_n and_o by_o this_o artifice_n we_o make_v sea_n water_v less_o salt_n and_o such_o also_o be_v the_o generation_n of_o rain_n water_n which_o therefore_o be_v not_o salt_n or_o at_o least_o less_o salt_n for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o sometime_o saltish_a kind_n of_o rain_n do_v fall_v into_o the_o sea_n therefore_o the_o water_n of_o fountain_n proceed_v partly_o from_o the_o sea_n or_o subterranean_a water_n partly_o from_o river_n and_o dew_n that_o moisten_v the_o earth_n but_o the_o water_n of_o river_n partly_o proceed_v from_o spring_n and_o partly_o from_o rain_n and_o snow_n proposition_n vi_o certain_a river_n hide_v themselves_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o their_o passage_n under_o the_o earth_n and_o in_o another_o place_n rise_v up_o again_o as_o if_o they_o be_v new_a river_n again_o of_o river_n which_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o their_o passage_n hide_v themselves_o under_o the_o earth_n and_o rise_v again_o the_o most_o celebrate_a of_o they_o be_v 1._o the_o river_n niger_n which_o meet_v the_o mountain_n of_o nubia_n be_v observe_v under_o they_o and_o come_v forth_o again_o from_o the_o other_o occidental_a quarter_n 2._o tigris_n have_v pass_v the_o lake_n arethusa_n meet_v the_o mountain_n taurus_n be_v hide_v in_o a_o cave_n and_o flow_v out_o on_o the_o other_o side_n then_o when_o it_o have_v pass_v the_o lake_n thospite_v it_o be_v again_o obscure_v in_o subterranean_a cavern_n and_o then_o after_o it_o have_v thus_o run_v the_o space_n of_o about_o six_o german_a mile_n it_o break_v forth_o again_o 3._o about_o arcadia_n in_o peloponnesus_n many_o such_o riveret_n be_v to_o be_v find_v as_o aristotle_n write_v in_o his_o first_o book_n of_o meteor_n chapter_n eleven_o 4._o alpheus_n a_o river_n of_o achaia_n be_v absorb_v by_o the_o earth_n the_o grecian_n write_v that_o it_o keep_v its_o course_n under_o the_o sea_n and_o beneath_o the_o earth_n even_o unto_o sicilia_n where_o they_o will_v have_v it_o to_o emerge_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o syracuse_n and_o to_o be_v that_o river_n that_o be_v call_v arethusa_n in_o sicilia_n now_o this_o they_o especial_o collect_v from_o this_o viz._n that_o arethusa_n in_o sicilia_n every_o five_o summer_n cast_v up_o the_o dung_n of_o those_o beast_n at_o that_o time_n when_o the_o olympian_a game_n be_v celebrate_v and_o the_o dung_n and_o garbage_n of_o the_o slay_a victim_n be_v cast_v into_o alpheus_n therefore_o be_v carry_v with_o a_o direct_a current_n they_o be_v cast_v up_o in_o sicilia_n 5._o the_o river_n guadiana_n between_o portugal_n and_o biscay_n in_o time_n past_o call_v anas_n whole_o obscure_v itself_o at_o medelina_n and_o about_o 8_o german_a mile_n further_a discover_v itself_o again_o 6._o dan_o which_o flow_v with_o the_o river_n jor_n make_v jordan_n break_v forth_o some_o mile_n from_o its_o fountain_n phiala_n straw_n or_o rush_n be_v cast_v into_o the_o same_o be_v find_v and_o discover_v in_o the_o fountain_n or_o proruption_n of_o the_o river_n dan._n the_o reason_n why_o these_o river_n hide_v themselves_o under_o the_o earth_n and_o again_o emerge_n be_v 1._o the_o obstacle_n of_o a_o more_o elevate_a place_n than_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o river_n 2._o either_o perchance_o some_o cavity_n exist_v in_o the_o earth_n or_o some_o inconstant_a matter_n which_o easy_o give_v place_n to_o the_o glide_a river_n there_o be_v also_o other_o river_n which_o hide_v themselves_o under_o the_o earth_n but_o do_v not_o again_o emerge_n as_o we_o shall_v show_v in_o the_o follow_a proposition_n proposition_n vii_o most_o of_o the_o great_a and_o indifferent_a river_n as_o also_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o lesser_a do_v exonerate_v themselves_o into_o the_o sea_n or_o a_o lake_n and_o the_o place_n where_o this_o exoneration_n be_v make_v be_v term_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n some_o river_n have_v one_o some_o three_o and_o some_o more_o such_o mouth_n some_o of_o the_o river_n of_o indifferent_a magnitude_n as_o also_o the_o lesser_a sort_n discharge_v themselves_o into_o great_a river_n the_o other_o either_o stagnate_n or_o be_v suck_v up_o by_o the_o earth_n lake_n most_o river_n both_o great_a and_o small_a lose_v themselves_o in_o the_o sea_n or_o in_o lake_n concern_v the_o great_a river_n the_o thing_n be_v evident_a by_o the_o example_n of_o the_o rhine_n the_o danube_n the_o wolga_n and_o such_o like_a for_o the_o danube_n be_v exonerate_v into_o the_o euxine_a sea_n by_o seven_o mouth_n the_o wolga_n have_v at_o least_o seventy_o outlet_n or_o mouth_n the_o nile_n have_v seven_o and_o where_o it_o overflow_v more_o the_o cause_n why_o great_a river_n do_v exonerate_v themselves_o into_o the_o sea_n be_v their_o abundance_n of_o water_n and_o vehement_a course_n now_o why_o they_o have_v more_o outlet_n than_o one_o there_o be_v a_o twofold_a reason_n for_o the_o same_o 1._o the_o abundance_n of_o water_n 2._o the_o generation_n of_o sand_n and_o ridge_n in_o the_o mouth_n which_o in_o progress_n of_o time_n be_v so_o augment_v that_o they_o become_v either_o part_n of_o the_o land_n or_o island_n and_o so_o cause_n that_o the_o river_n glide_v be_v divide_v into_o two_o branch_n and_o when_o many_o such_o ridge_n be_v generate_v the_o river_n be_v divide_v into_o many_o branch_n or_o one_o mouth_n into_o many_o but_o then_o for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o mouth_n be_v carry_v forward_o and_o the_o sea_n recede_v from_o
participation_n of_o mineral_n be_v to_o be_v apply_v to_o vitriol_n sulphureous_a and_o mercurial_a water_n and_o the_o like_a and_o more_o especial_o to_o these_o to_o wit_n to_o salt_n vitriolate_v and_o sulphureous_a because_o in_o these_o nature_n itself_o do_v exhibit_v this_o fourfold_a variety_n i_o doubt_v whether_o that_o corporeal_a water_n of_o a_o mix_a subtlety_n do_v exist_v spirituous_a metallick_n water_n be_v very_o rare_a but_o sulphureous_a and_o salt_n water_n be_v frequent_a but_o the_o corporeal_a and_o spirituous_a because_o these_o sort_n of_o metal_n be_v both_o find_v in_o many_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o also_o in_o a_o great_a quantity_n and_o easy_o suffer_v their_o particle_n to_o be_v gnaw_v off_o they_o send_v out_o also_o frequent_o a_o fume_n and_o vapour_n we_o will_v explain_v by_o one_o example_n this_o fourfold_a variety_n of_o participation_n and_o that_o in_o gold_n 1._o in_o the_o precede_a chapter_n and_o the_o sixteenth_o proposition_n we_o have_v enumerate_v those_o riveret_n which_o carry_v grain_n of_o gold_n and_o with_o this_o treasury_n make_v glad_a the_o native_n such_o be_v many_o in_o the_o earldom_n of_o tirol_n and_o the_o place_n adjacent_a and_o we_o have_v say_v that_o the_o rhine_n itself_o albis_n danube_n and_o most_o great_a river_n in_o some_o place_n carry_v grain_n of_o gold_n as_o also_o of_o other_o metal_n and_o mineral_n by_o reason_n that_o they_o receive_v golden_a or_o gold-bearing_a riveret_n the_o rhine_n carry_v grain_n of_o gold_n commix_v with_o clay_n and_o sand_n in_o many_o place_n but_o especial_o at_o these_o 1._o near_a curia_n in_o rhetia_n 2._o at_o meinfield_n 3._o at_o eglinsan_n 4._o at._n secningham_n 5._o at_o the_o town_n aug_v not_o far_o from_o basil_n 6._o at_o norinburgh_n 7._o at_o worm_n 8._o at_o seltz_n 9_o at_o mentz_n 10._o at_o bacherack_n 11._o at_o bononia_n and_o the_o like_a the_o reader_n may_v see_v those_o gold-bearing_a riveret_n which_o the_o rhine_n receive_v in_o thurnhuserus_n as_o also_o those_o that_o the_o danube_n and_o albis_n do_v receive_v in_o the_o water_n of_o this_o viz._n the_o albis_n be_v find_v grain_n of_o gold_n 1._o at_o leutmeritz_n in_o bohemia_n 2._o at_o puru_n 3._o at_o dresda_n in_o misnia_n 4._o at_o torga_n 5._o at_o magdeburgh_n 6._o at_o the_o tower_n of_o lunenburgh_n fifteen_o mile_n from_o hamburgh_n concern_v the_o gold-bearing_a riveret_n consult_v the_o forecited_a book_n of_o thurnhuserus_n where_o also_o you_o may_v see_v those_o that_o carry_v other_o metal_n and_o mineral_n these_o water_n be_v therefore_o the_o corporeal_a golden-water_n of_o the_o first_o mode_n viz._n those_o that_o carry_v grain_n of_o gold_n which_o less_o proper_o be_v term_v mineral_n or_o golden_a because_o the_o golden-grain_n be_v not_o permix_v with_o the_o water_n but_o be_v carry_v down_o by_o the_o rapid_a current_n of_o the_o water_n and_o the_o water_n themselves_o be_v simple_a or_o uncompounded_a 2._o golden_a corporeal-water_n of_o a_o subtle_a commixtion_n to_o wit_n the_o atom_n of_o who_o water_n be_v mix_v with_o the_o atom_n of_o the_o gold_n as_o we_o have_v say_v of_o the_o aqua_fw-la regius_fw-la of_o the_o chemist_n which_o dissolve_v the_o gold_n and_o unit_v it_o to_o itself_o by_o atom_n and_o now_o because_o there_o may_v be_v like_o water_n which_o whether_o they_o be_v carry_v through_o golden-land_n or_o mine_n may_v gnaw_v off_o and_o dissolve_v some_o golden-atom_n of_o it_o with_o earthly_a one_o such_o golden-water_n many_o riveret_n seem_v to_o be_v which_o thurnhuserus_n write_v to_o participate_v of_o gold_n and_o reckon_v they_o up_o in_o the_o description_n of_o the_o danube_n rhine_n and_o other_o great_a river_n 3._o the_o golden_a spirituous-water_n be_v very_o few_o and_o some_o of_o those_o be_v they_o peradventure_o which_o thurnhuserus_n enumerate_v now_o such_o water_n be_v less_o note_v or_o sensible_a because_o golden-earth_n and_o mine_n be_v very_o rare_a and_o that_o in_o a_o small_a quantity_n moreover_o where_o the_o mine_n be_v a_o quantity_n of_o other_o mineral_n be_v also_o together_o with_o the_o gold_n whence_o the_o water_n receive_v many_o more_o spirit_n yet_o some_o riveret_n in_o the_o high_a alps_n of_o bohemia_n be_v say_v to_o participate_v of_o these_o golden-spirit_n also_o in_o silesia_n and_o the_o mountain_n that_o they_o call_v fitchtelberg_n the_o pepper-bath_n in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o curia_n be_v believe_v to_o be_v impregnate_v with_o such_o a_o spirit_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o admixture_n of_o other_o mineral_n in_o great_a quantity_n the_o water_n receive_v a_o less_o sensible_a quality_n from_o it_o 4._o golden-water_n which_o carry_v both_o atom_n of_o gold_n and_o spirit_n be_v some_o of_o the_o riveret_n mention_v by_o thurnhuserus_n we_o will_v add_v the_o example_n of_o salt-water_n salt-water_n example_n of_o salt-water_n 1._o salt_n corporeal-water_n viz._n which_o carry_v the_o more_o gross_a particle_n of_o salt_n and_o not_o accurate_o mix_v they_o be_v many_o and_o sufficient_o know_v to_o any_o person_n as_o certain_a spring_n of_o which_o salt_n be_v make_v hitherto_o appertain_v the_o sea-water_n if_o that_o it_o be_v make_v more_o gross_a by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o fire_n 2._o salt_n corporeal_a subtile-water_n which_o contain_v the_o salt_n reduce_v into_o little_a particle_n they_o be_v those_o which_o when_o they_o be_v most_o salt_n yet_o withal_o they_o be_v very_o pellucid_a and_o subtle_a as_o many_o salt_n spring_n and_o tenuous_a sea-water_n although_o that_o there_o be_v great_a difference_n in_o this_o subtle_a commixtion_n hitherto_o appertain_v the_o urinal_n of_o all_o animal_n 3._o salt_n spirituous-water_n which_o contain_v not_o the_o particle_n of_o salt_n but_o the_o spirit_n of_o salt_n they_o be_v such_o that_o if_o you_o shall_v boil_v many_o vessel_n of_o they_o yet_o notwithstanding_o you_o shall_v receive_v no_o salt_n not_o a_o few_o of_o these_o be_v in_o germany_n and_o elsewhere_o but_o they_o be_v rare_o find_v simple_a 4._o salt_n corporeal_a and_o spirituous-water_n which_o have_v particle_n of_o salt_n and_o spirit_n almost_o all_o the_o corporeal_a have_v also_o some_o portion_n of_o saline_n spirit_n but_o most_o of_o they_o very_o little_a so_o near_o the_o city_n saltzinga_n not_o far_o from_o the_o rhine_n the_o fountain_n be_v salt_n the_o water_n of_o which_o though_o more_o salt_n than_o other_o water_n yet_o it_o afford_v less_o salt_n because_o its_o sharp_a and_o salt_n sapour_fw-la be_v sharpen_v by_o a_o spirit_n or_o volatile_a salt_n that_o fly_v away_o in_o the_o boil_a hence_o it_o be_v manifest_v how_o this_o fourfold_a difference_n of_o participation_n be_v to_o be_v apply_v unto_o every_o sort_n of_o mineral_n water_n viz._n vitriolate-water_n alom-water_n lead-water_n and_o the_o like_a proposition_n v._o to_o reckon_v up_o the_o note_a difference_n of_o mineral_n water_n water_n the_o note_a difference_n of_o mineral_n water_n in_o the_o forego_n proposition_n we_o have_v explain_v the_o true_a kind_n and_o difference_n of_o mineral_n water_n take_v from_o the_o very_a essence_n of_o they_o viz._n from_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o mineral_n which_o they_o carry_v or_o by_o which_o they_o be_v impregnate_v but_o those_o difference_n because_o they_o do_v not_o so_o strike_v the_o sense_n and_o moreover_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o various_a mixture_n of_o mineral_n communicate_v various_a property_n to_o the_o water_n wherefore_o they_o be_v less_o vulgar_o know_v for_o the_o denomination_n of_o all_o body_n arise_v from_o manifest_a quality_n on_o the_o sense_n as_o also_o do_v the_o celebrity_n of_o water_n among_o man_n the_o explication_n and_o cause_n of_o which_o apart_a quality_n and_o property_n must_v be_v seek_v from_o the_o inmost_a composition_n of_o thing_n therefore_o the_o note_a and_o famous_a difference_n or_o species_n of_o liquor_n flow_v from_o the_o earth_n and_o also_o know_v to_o the_o vulgar_a sort_n of_o man_n be_v these_o ten_o to_o wit_n 1._o sowr-water_n 2._o bitter_a 3._o hot_a 4._o very_a cold_a 5._o oily_a and_o fat_a 6._o poisonous_a 7._o colour_a 8._o ebullient_a 9_o water_n that_o convert_v less_o hard_a into_o hard_a or_o after_o any_o other_o mode_n change_v any_o body_n cast_v in_o or_o stain_v with_o they_o 10._o salt-water_n and_o in_o the_o 11_o place_n we_o may_v add_v those_o which_o be_v endow_v with_o any_o other_o wonderful_a property_n unto_o these_o class_n those_o that_o be_v studious_a in_o these_o thing_n may_v reduce_v all_o water_n which_o be_v find_v describe_v in_o author_n we_o shall_v only_o in_o brief_a show_v their_o generation_n and_o difference_n and_o allege_v some_o example_n proposition_n vi_o to_o explain_v the_o cause_n or_o generation_n difference_n or_o kind_n of_o acid_n or_o sour_a water_n water_n of_o sour_a water_n great_a be_v the_o celebrity_n of_o acid_n water_n or_o spring_n they_o
shall_v be_v place_v on_o the_o meridian_n line_n of_o the_o plain_a and_o so_o the_o map_n shall_v have_v its_o require_a situation_n proposition_n ix_o to_o find_v the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n from_o the_o heaven_n or_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n above_o the_o horizon_n of_o any_o place_n by_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o star_n star_n to_o find_v the_o latitude_n of_o a_o place_n above_o the_o horizon_n by_o the_o star_n although_o the_o latitude_n of_o a_o place_n exist_v in_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n viz._n its_o distance_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la yet_o it_o can_v be_v find_v without_o the_o star_n the_o mode_n of_o find_v the_o same_o be_v various_a first_o let_v the_o altitude_n of_o the_o sun_n above_o the_o horizon_n be_v observe_v when_o he_o come_v to_o the_o meridian_n line_n and_o let_v its_o compliment_n or_o distance_n from_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o the_o sun_n be_v take_v for_o this_o take_v away_o the_o declination_n of_o the_o sun_n to_o the_o day_n of_o the_o observation_n that_o be_v if_o that_o the_o sun_n be_v fix_v in_o the_o southern_a part_n of_o the_o zodiac_n but_o let_v it_o be_v add_v if_o that_o it_o be_v in_o the_o southern_a the_o residue_n shall_v be_v the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n but_o the_o declination_n of_o the_o sun_n that_o be_v his_o distance_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la in_o the_o day_n of_o the_o observation_n be_v find_v from_o the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o that_o from_o a_o table_n of_o the_o declination_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a or_o from_o the_o globe_n for_o let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v note_v in_o the_o globe_n at_o the_o day_n of_o the_o observation_n and_o bring_v to_o the_o meridian_n the_o degree_n of_o the_o meridian_n be_v intercept_v between_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n exhibit_v the_o declination_n of_o the_o sun_n at_o the_o day_n give_v second_o the_o sun_n rise_v or_o set_v by_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o globe_n the_o latitude_n shall_v thus_o be_v find_v let_v the_o plaga_fw-la or_o part_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n rise_v or_o set_v be_v observe_v which_o mariner_n be_v accustom_v to_o do_v by_o their_o compass_n but_o the_o true_a meridian_n line_n be_v require_v to_o this_o let_v the_o same_o plaga_fw-la or_o degree_n be_v mark_v in_o the_o wooden_a horizon_n of_o the_o globe_n let_v the_o place_n also_o of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a for_o the_o day_n of_o the_o observation_n be_v note_v then_o let_v the_o brazen_a meridian_n in_o the_o crena_n of_o the_o horizon_n be_v turn_v thereunto_o the_o pole_n be_v more_o or_o less_o elevate_v until_o the_o note_a place_n of_o the_o sun_n meet_v with_o the_o note_a place_n of_o the_o horizon_n so_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n in_o the_o globe_n shall_v be_v the_o same_o which_o the_o place_n have_v where_o the_o observation_n be_v make_v the_o solution_n will_v be_v more_o easy_a by_o calculation_n but_o by_o reason_n very_o few_o student_n of_o geography_n understand_v the_o solution_n of_o spherical_a triangle_n therefore_o i_o omit_v the_o same_o which_o shall_v also_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o follow_a problem_n note_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o aequinox_n when_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o aries_n or_o libra_n than_o this_o method_n have_v no_o use_n because_o that_o then_o the_o sun_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o plaga_fw-la or_o part_n rise_v and_o set_v to_o all_o place_n viz._n in_o the_o part_n of_o the_o true_a east_n or_o west_n or_o in_o the_o plaga_fw-la of_o the_o aequinoctial_a rise_n or_o set_v three_o when_o the_o sun_n shine_v at_o noon_n let_v the_o style_n or_o pin_v a_o b_o be_v perpendicular_o erect_v on_o a_o horizontal_n plain_a scheme_n see_v scheme_n and_o let_v the_o longitude_n of_o the_o shadow_n a_o c_o and_o the_o style_n a_o b_o be_v take_v in_o some_o divide_a line_n therefore_o in_o the_o right_a angle_a triangle_n a_o b_o c_o shall_v be_v both_o the_o note_a side_n a_o b_o a_o c_o whence_o the_o angle_n a_o b_o c_o shall_v be_v find_v to_o be_v the_o distance_n of_o the_o sun_n from_o the_o vertex_fw-la viz._n if_o that_o it_o may_v be_v that_o as_o a_o b_o have_v its_o self_n to_o a_o c_o so_o the_o whole_a sign_n have_v itself_o to_o the_o tangent_fw-la of_o the_o angle_n a_o b_o c_o from_o thence_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n shall_v be_v find_v as_o we_o have_v show_v in_o the_o first_o mode_n but_o if_o the_o observation_n be_v make_v on_o the_o day_n of_o the_o aequinox_n than_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o sun_n from_o the_o vertex_fw-la be_v find_v the_o same_o be_v the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n carthage_n the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n at_o rome_n and_o carthage_n so_o pliny_n write_v in_o the_o 72_o chap._n of_o his_o second_o book_n that_o in_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n the_o nine_o part_n of_o the_o gnomon_n or_o pin_n be_v want_v unto_o the_o shadow_n whence_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n be_v collect_v to_o be_v 41_o degree_n 25_o minute_n at_o carthage_n the_o gnomon_n have_v the_o same_o proportion_n to_o the_o shadow_n as_o 11_o have_v to_o 7_o whence_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n be_v collect_v to_o be_v 32_o degree_n 13_o minute_n four_o in_o the_o night_n time_n when_o the_o star_n can_v be_v see_v if_o we_o take_v the_o altitude_n of_o any_o star_n in_o the_o meridian_n with_o a_o instrument_n or_o from_o a_o table_n know_v the_o declination_n of_o the_o star_n thence_o with_o little_a trouble_n we_o shall_v find_v the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n for_o if_o that_o star_n be_v situate_a between_o our_o vertex_fw-la and_o the_o semicircle_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la elevate_v to_o we_o we_o must_v then_o add_v but_o if_o the_o declination_n of_o the_o star_n be_v northern_o and_o the_o star_n seat_v between_o our_o vertex_fw-la and_o the_o polary_a star_n we_o must_v then_o subtract_v from_o that_o declination_n the_o distance_n of_o the_o star_n from_o our_o vertex_fw-la the_o remain_a number_n shall_v be_v the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n if_o that_o the_o declination_n be_v northern_a and_o the_o star_n be_v seat_v between_o the_o pole_n star_n and_o the_o proximate_a part_n of_o the_o horizon_n the_o compliment_n of_o the_o declination_n shall_v be_v add_v to_o the_o find_v out_o latitude_n of_o the_o star_n the_o aggregate_v number_n shall_v give_v the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n or_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n if_o the_o declination_n shall_v be_v northern_a and_o the_o star_n be_v place_v between_o our_o vertex_fw-la and_o that_o part_n of_o the_o horizon_n remote_a from_o the_o polary_a star_n that_o declination_n shall_v be_v add_v to_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o star_n from_o the_o vertex_fw-la or_o to_o the_o compliment_n of_o the_o altitude_n the_o aggregated_a number_n shall_v be_v the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n final_o if_o that_o the_o declination_n of_o the_o star_n be_v southern_a this_o must_v be_v deduct_v from_o the_o compliment_n of_o the_o altitude_n observe_v and_o the_o remain_a number_n will_v show_v the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n neither_o in_o this_o casualty_n do_v any_o variety_n occur_v as_o in_o the_o star_n of_o the_o northern_a declination_n which_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o place_n situate_v between_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o the_o north_n pole_n for_o it_o be_v otherwise_o with_o the_o place_n which_o lie_v between_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o the_o south_n pole_n five_o if_o the_o plaga_fw-la or_o part_n be_v observe_v in_o which_o any_o star_n rise_v or_o set_v the_o latitude_n of_o that_o place_n may_v be_v find_v by_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o celestial_a globe_n according_a to_o what_o we_o have_v say_v in_o the_o three_o mode_n six_o if_o that_o you_o have_v not_o a_o table_n of_o the_o declination_n of_o the_o star_n at_o hand_n you_o may_v obtain_v the_o thing_n require_v if_o that_o you_o observe_v some_o star_n not_o set_v viz._n such_o a_o one_o which_o in_o its_o whole_a circumrotation_n be_v remain_v above_o the_o horizon_n for_o those_o star_n come_v twice_o to_o the_o meridian_n and_o therefore_o their_o meridian_n altitude_n be_v twofold_a one_o great_a and_o the_o other_o less_o both_o these_o must_v be_v observe_v and_o the_o half_a difference_n must_v be_v add_v to_o the_o lesser_a altitude_n or_o take_v from_o the_o great_a so_o we_o shall_v obtain_v the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n seven_o if_o we_o inquire_v not_o after_o a_o accurate_a latitude_n of_o a_o place_n but_o will_v be_v content_v with_o one_o not_o much_o recede_a from_o the_o true_a we_o must_v take_v the_o altitude_n of_o the_o polary_a star_n when_o that_o it_o have_v far_o
longitude_n of_o almost_o all_o place_n which_o we_o know_v be_v find_v out_o by_o this_o mode_n for_o from_o the_o note_a comparation_n of_o the_o time_n in_o which_o the_o beginning_n or_o middle_a of_o the_o eclise_n be_v discover_v it_o be_v easy_a to_o find_v out_o the_o longitude_n of_o one_o place_n from_o another_o as_o i_o think_v be_v sufficient_o explain_v but_o the_o use_n of_o mariner_n require_v a_o phoenomenon_n or_o appearance_n viz._n which_o may_v happen_v every_o night_n at_o the_o least_o if_o not_o in_o the_o day_n because_o it_o can_v happen_v in_o every_o night_n so_o that_o they_o may_v be_v in_o a_o unknown_a place_n as_o deceive_v by_o tempest_n but_o the_o more_o frequent_a phoenomenon_n be_v the_o place_n of_o the_o moon_n in_o the_o zodiac_n but_o a_o very_a troblesom_a observation_n be_v require_v by_o reason_n of_o twofold_a parallax_n so_o that_o you_o can_v hardly_o avoid_v a_o small_a error_n if_o at_o least_o a_o great_a one_o of_o half_a or_o a_o whole_a hour_n be_v shun_v whence_o a_o false_a meridian_n be_v find_v remove_v from_o a_o true_a many_o mile_n viz._n a_o hundred_o and_o more_o yet_o you_o will_v be_v subject_a to_o the_o lesser_a error_n if_o that_o you_o expect_v the_o moment_n of_o the_o hour_n in_o which_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o the_o meridian_n for_o then_o the_o place_n be_v accurate_o enough_o find_v after_o this_o mode_n when_o you_o have_v observe_v that_o the_o moon_n be_v come_v into_o the_o meridian_n of_o the_o place_n where_o you_o be_v than_o you_o must_v present_o take_v the_o note_a altitude_n of_o some_o star_n and_o from_o this_o find_v it_o be_v presuppose_v that_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n be_v before_o find_v and_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n you_o may_v inquire_v the_o hour_n but_o it_o be_v better_a to_o do_v it_o by_o some_o star_n then_o in_o the_o meridian_n as_o we_o shall_v hereafter_o show_v moreover_o from_o the_o know_a hour_n be_v find_v what_o point_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a or_o zodiac_n be_v then_o in_o the_o meridian_n or_o that_o possess_v the_o middle_a of_o heaven_n as_o astronomer_n speak_v which_o also_o be_v easy_a as_o we_o shall_v show_v anon_o so_o at_o the_o hour_n of_o our_o place_n or_o of_o the_o unknown_a place_n we_o shall_v have_v the_o know_a place_n of_o the_o moon_n in_o the_o zodiac_n then_o from_o the_o table_n of_o the_o ephemerides_n let_v the_o hour_n be_v find_v which_o be_v in_o the_o meridian_n of_o the_o ephemerides_n where_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o zodiac_n which_o be_v teach_v in_o the_o introduction_n of_o the_o ephemerides_n neither_o be_v it_o difficult_a and_o so_o again_o we_o shall_v have_v the_o hour_n of_o two_o place_n at_o the_o same_o time_n viz._n of_o the_o place_n in_o which_o we_o be_v who_o longitude_n be_v unknown_a and_o of_o the_o place_n unto_o who_o meridian_n the_o ephemerides_n be_v calculate_v and_o who_o situation_n be_v in_o map_n and_o globe_n wherefore_o from_o the_o difference_n of_o time_n the_o longitude_n of_o our_o place_n seek_v for_o shall_v be_v find_v as_o be_v sufficient_o demonstrate_v in_o the_o precede_a mode_n the_o three_o mode_n by_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o moon_n from_o some_o fix_a star_n moon_n the_o three_o mode_n of_o the_o moon_n by_o reason_n that_o we_o can_v observe_v the_o moon_n in_o the_o meridian_n many_o night_n viz._n when_o she_o be_v not_o much_o remove_v from_o the_o sun_n after_o and_o before_o the_o new_a moon_n and_o therefore_o this_o appearance_n be_v not_o so_o frequent_a as_o the_o mariner_n use_n require_v therefore_o some_o do_v consider_v another_o phoenomenon_n in_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o moon_n which_o be_v more_o frequent_a and_o from_o thence_o the_o mode_n in_o find_v out_o the_o longitude_n be_v deliver_v viz._n the_o draw_v near_o and_o depart_v of_o the_o moon_n from_o the_o fix_a star_n for_o from_o thence_o the_o true_a place_n of_o the_o moon_n may_v be_v observe_v at_o the_o give_v moment_n of_o the_o observation_n but_o the_o calculation_n be_v so_o difficult_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o parallax_n and_o the_o solution_n of_o the_o oblique_a spherical_a triangle_n and_o other_o hazard_n that_o it_o can_v neither_o serve_v mariner_n nor_o will_v i_o burden_n you_o with_o its_o precept_n but_o rather_o omit_v it_o for_o it_o require_v a_o genius_n most_o expert_a in_o calculation_n the_o four_o mode_n by_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o moon_n into_o the_o ecliptic_a moon_n the_o four_o mode_n of_o the_o moon_n the_o path_n of_o the_o moon_n cut_v the_o ecliptic_a in_o two_o point_n in_o which_o when_o it_o come_v by_o its_o own_o proper_a motion_n she_o be_v then_o in_o the_o ecliptic_a but_o at_o other_o time_n it_o be_v move_v out_o of_o it_o by_o a_o great_a departure_n of_o 5_o degree_n therefore_o you_o must_v observe_v exact_o the_o time_n in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o unknown_a longitude_n in_o which_o the_o moon_n touch_v the_o ecliptic_a moreover_o from_o the_o ephemerides_n let_v the_o hour_n be_v take_v at_o the_o meridian_n of_o the_o ephemerides_n in_o which_o that_o entrance_n be_v make_v then_o from_o the_o comparison_n of_o our_o time_n or_o of_o the_o place_n unknown_a with_o the_o time_n of_o the_o meridian_n of_o the_o ephemerides_n you_o have_v the_o difference_n of_o time_n whence_o the_o longitude_n of_o the_o place_n which_o be_v we_o may_v be_v find_v from_o the_o meridian_n of_o the_o ephemerides_n but_o this_o mode_n also_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o difficult_a practice_n be_v to_o be_v esteem_v useless_a for_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o moon_n into_o the_o ecliptic_a be_v difficult_a to_o be_v observe_v and_o the_o calculation_n be_v very_o intricate_a and_o subject_a to_o error_n the_o five_o mode_n by_o the_o jovial_a planet_n planet_n the_o five_o mode_n by_o the_o jovial_a planet_n many_o judge_v this_o phoenomenon_n to_o be_v prefer_v before_o the_o phoenomenon_n of_o the_o moon_n in_o this_o affair_n because_o that_o these_o jovial_a attendant_n be_v not_o subject_a to_o parallax_n and_o moreover_o in_o every_o situation_n of_o jupiter_n above_o the_o horizon_n afford_v a_o commodious_a observation_n there_o be_v four_o planet_n the_o invention_n of_o the_o great_a galilaeus_fw-la which_o move_v about_o jupiter_n as_o about_o the_o centre_n of_o their_o lord_n so_o small_a that_o they_o can_v be_v discern_v by_o a_o free_a sight_n but_o only_o by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o telescope_n their_o motion_n viz._n that_o proper_a to_o they_o by_o which_o they_o move_v about_o jupiter_n for_o they_o have_v a_o diurnal_a motion_n common_a with_o all_o the_o star_n a_o motion_n common_a in_o the_o ecliptic_a with_o jupiter_n and_o the_o other_o planet_n be_v very_o swift_a for_o he_o that_o be_v next_o to_o jupiter_n absolve_v his_o course_n in_o one_o day_n with_o 18_o ½_n hour_n the_o second_o in_o 3_o day_n with_o 13_o ¼_n hour_n the_o three_o in_o 7_o day_n and_o 2_o hour_n the_o four_o and_o last_o in_o 16_o day_n with_o 18_o hour_n the_o progress_n of_o their_o motion_n must_v be_v calculate_v at_o every_o hour_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o find_v in_o the_o common_a ephemerides_n but_o you_o have_v their_o ephemerides_n in_o other_o book_n therefore_o if_o we_o desire_v by_o the_o help_n of_o their_o motion_n to_o find_v the_o longitude_n of_o a_o place_n we_o must_v make_v use_n of_o a_o most_o perfect_a astroscope_n and_o in_o the_o night_n turn_v it_o to_o jupiter_n if_o he_o be_v above_o the_o horizon_n of_o that_o place_n to_o observe_v the_o conjunction_n of_o these_o two_o planet_n or_o the_o conjunction_n with_o jupiter_n or_o the_o like_a appearance_n and_o at_o that_o moment_n of_o time_n to_o find_v also_o the_o hour_n of_o the_o place_n from_o the_o meridian_n situation_n or_o altitude_n of_o any_o star_n then_o the_o ephemerides_n of_o these_o companion_n of_o jupiter_n must_v be_v consult_v and_o the_o hour_n and_o scruple_n of_o hour_n thence_o take_v in_o which_o such_o a_o conjunction_n be_v in_o the_o meridian_n unto_o which_o those_o ephemerides_n be_v compute_v and_o so_o again_o we_o shall_v have_v the_o hour_n of_o the_o two_o place_n at_o the_o time_n of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o phoenomenon_n whence_o from_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o hour_n if_o it_o be_v turn_v into_o degree_n we_o shall_v find_v the_o longitude_n of_o our_o place_n from_o the_o meridian_n of_o the_o ephemerides_n which_o be_v know_v the_o six_o mode_n by_o a_o automatical_a or_o move_a dial_n or_o horologe_n by_o reason_n that_o all_o the_o mode_n in_o which_o by_o the_o celestial_a phoenomena_fw-la we_o have_v show_v to_o find_v the_o longitude_n of_o place_n be_v in_o this_o respect_n defective_a dial._n the_o six_o mode_n by_o a_o move_a dial._n that_o they_o do_v