that he would not defile himself with the portion of the Kings meat nor the wine which he drank Secondly when the City Jerusalem was taken the Temple laid wast the Jews overcome led captive and no end of their misery and bondage could be expected behold God was so bountifull to Rabbi Juda Hannafi who was the very pattern of humility piety and sanctity that thence he was called Rabbenu hakkadosch our great Master that he found so much grace and favour in the eyes of Antoninus the Emperour whose favourite he was that by his permission he called a Councel of the most learned of the Iews out of every quarter of the Empire who might consult and find out the means how that their Law might be kept safe and not perish utterly while the misforTune of the Jews might daily encrease their Learned Doctours be either killed or sent into exile The consultation came to this issue that a consideration had of the great calamity the Jews were in being dispersed over the face of the earth and again seeing it was not unlawfull to commend their Kabala unto writing that this same Rabbine should gather together in one book what ever parcell of this Law delivered by mouth remained in memory either before or after Christs time This book he entituled Mischna that is a second Law in Greek called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 it contains six Principal Chapters which are again subdivided into sixty peculiar Sections or Tracts Thus much Rabbi Mikkotzi In these Sections are contained in short injunctions conclusions positions and aphorismes the Traditions and Ordinances of their Elders according to whose Rule the Jewish Synagogue was then and now ought to square their lives against which Christ the Evangelists and Apostles preached and taught yea Isa also when he calls their Doctrine the Commandements of men This book in the year of Christ 219. being confirmed as absolute and Orthodox was received and approved by the whole Synagogue of the Iews who also enacted that the Jews then living and all their posterity should live according to the tenour of it which they do even to this day as it is clearly manifest by the Hebrew Chronicle called Tzemach David Some few years after arose Rabbi Iochanan who was Rector of the University of Ierusalem for the space of fourscore years he enlarged the foresaid book and called it Talmud Hierosolymitanum or the Talmud of Ierusalem which book seemed so obscure difficult and hard to be understood that few cared for the reading of it neither was it in so great esteem as the former neither is unto this day and because this book Mischuaios was written in a decurtate and different dialect Rabbi Asse Rector of the same University after him began to explain it for his School lectures and every year ranne over two Tracts thereof in this whole time of his profession which was threescore years two times finishing his exposition In writing he onely finished thirty five Tracts as Rambam witnesseth in his Preface to the book called Zeraim he began to professe in the year of Christ 3670 Next after him in the year 427. succeeded Maremar in the Rectorship to whom Rab. Asse son to the former joyned himself they two finished that which Rabbi Asse the father had left imperfect so that the book Mischuaios was now altogether compleat that which was added they called Gemarah 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which signifies a complement or perfection which together with Mischuaios made up the whole Talmud these two spent seventy three years in the consummation of their labours so that the body of the Talmud was perfected received and acknowledged for authentick in the year of Christ 500. being called the Babylonian Talmud which to this day is a rule and square unto the Jews both in their Ecclesiasticall and civil affairs This is that glorious vestment of Jacobs posterity that precious treasure of which they are the keepers delivered unto them by hearâ— say this is their genuine Perasch or Expósition yea rather as Malachi 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 dying upon your faces out of which the doubtfull places above mentioned may fully be resolved this is that Thorah begnal peh the Law of words of greater esteem with them then that which was written seeing this without that can by no means be understood Now because the main of their folly is not known to many of the Christian World I wil here adde what I have transcribed out of their own books Aben Ezra in his Proem upon the Pentateuch hath these words This is most infallible sign unto us that Moses grounded upon the Law delivered only by word unto him and expressed in the Talmud which Talmud is the joy and consolation of our hearts There is also no difference betwixt Law and Law being both delivered unto us by our Ancestors And in another place he writes many things to the same purpose affirming it to be impossible to come by any exposition agreeable to the nature and proprietie of the Commandements of the Law unlesse we lay for our foundation those things which our Wise-men and Rabbines have spoke and written Hence we may conclude that the faith of the Jews is not grounded upon Moses but upon the Expositions of their owne Doctors which must interpret the former as a sure foundation of it as it is further confirmed in the Book Ammude Golah called also Semak or Sepher mitzvos katon that is the little book of the Commandements printed at Cremona in Italy in the year of Christ 1556. The words are these Thou shalt not think that the written word is the Groundwork for much rather the Law delivered by mouth only which is the Talmud is the true foundation And according to this Law God made a Covenant with Israel as it is written Exod. 34. 27. and these words are Gods Treasure for God fore-saw that the Israelites in time to come should be cast out into exile and because the people of the Land in which they were strangers would copy out interpret their Books as they did the written Word God would not have this to fall under the Pen of the Scribe and although in processe of time it came to passe that this was also written yet the Christians could not comprehend the true sence thereof by reason of its difficulty and because the interpretation thereof requires an acute and sublime understanding as it is written I have written unto him the great things of my Law but they were accounted as a strange thing yet if Rabbi Isaac Ben Joseph had not been hood-winkt in superstition he might have had the eyes of his understanding so much illuminated as to have perceived that place of Hosea to point at the written word and that this Law was not as he complains vilified and had in contempt by the Gentiles but even by the Jewes themselves who had so debased it that it seemed â—nto them as an ucouth and unknown
our bounden duty to believe what ever is extant in their name for it is the truth neither let any deride them not in his heart for so doing he shall not escape unpunished let every one then take warning that he speak not any thing scandalous either to the person or attempts of these men but rather to endeavour to learn so much as he can possible out of their writings To the same purpose it is recorded in a book printed in the Germane tongue and Hebrew Letter at Cracovia in Poland Anno Dom. 1597. called Brand spiegelium in the hinder end of the 48. Chapter that the Jews are bound to say Amen not only at the end of their prayers but to every Sermon and Exposition upon the word of God in which lie hidden and profound mysteries shaped to the vulgar apprehension that by this they might signifie and acknowledge that they believe whatsoever their Rabbines or wise men have spoken as it is written in the Prophet Isa Open your selves O ye gates for the people cometh who keepeth Justice that is a people who saying Amen believes all things that the wise men and Rabbines have written but if any mans understanding be encompassed with such Egyptian darknesse that he cannot comprehend the aggados or expositions yet he ought to believe them for the words of our Doctours are not wind but truth it self Aggadah is a mysticall or hidden speech by which hidden matters and things of great moment are signified the word it self by a certain Metathesis is the same with Deagah which signifies poverty and grief because a man macerates and tortures himself after an uncouth manner before he can rightly understand the forementioned Aggadah Hitherto pertains that which is every where extant in the Talmnd to wit that when two Rabbines are at contention the one affirming the other denying none ought to contradict them because both their Positious are grounded upon the Kabala which Moses brought with him from Mount Sinai and although the one could not rightly understandd it yet it is not to be imputed unto him for both of them know the reason why they thus speak seeing the words of the one as well as the other are the words of the living God It is also a Catholick rule in the book of the Rabbines Rather keep in mind the sayings of the Scribes than them of the Law of Moses concluding from hence that the writings and instructions of the Rabbines are of greater authority than Moses and the Prophets Luther in his book which he writ upon Shem hamphorasch comments in this manner concerning the authority and credit given to the Rabbines and their writings The Jews say that they ought to believe that Rabbines though they should affirm thè left hand to be the right and the light hand to be the left as Purchetus testifies After the same manner three Jews who kept me company dealt with me when I urged any thing out of the Bible then would they object that they were bound to believe their Rabbines and were not tied to the Scripture whence I perswade my self Purchetus said nothing but truth seeing mine own experience taught me the same Luther was not too blame being guided by his own experience to believe Purchetus to make it more manifest I will produce their own words Raschi or Rabbi Salomon Jarchi upon those words Deut 17. and 11 According to the Sentence of the Law which they shall teach thee and according to the Iudgements which they shall tell thee thou shalt do thou shalt not decline from the Sentence which they shall shew thee to the right hand nor nor to the left hath this glosse when he saith unto thee of thy right hand that it is the left and of the left hand that it is the right thou must believe it as a truth how much more if he say thy right hand is thy right and thy left hand thy left The like we find in Rabbi Bechai his Commentary upon the foresaid words who brings in Ramban or R. Mosche Ben Nachman telling his tale in these terms Upon a time there came a certain Gentile unto that mirrour of Learning Don Shammai and asked him how many Laws or Commandements have you â—ews among you to whom Shammai made answer our Laws are onely two the one written the other delivered by mouth Then the Gentile replyed I believe as fully as thou dost that written Law to be true and whatsoever is contained therein to be nothing but the truth but as for thy Law of Tradition I cannot embrace it neither account it for a Law but go to make me a Jew be my Shoolmaster teach me in this Law which words possessed Schammai with such a fury that he thrust him from him and commanded him to depart the place then the Gentile came to Hillel the elder Schammai's copartner in office for they two were joynt Rectors and lived but a small time before Christs incarnation whom he questions in the same manner entreating him withall that he would vouchsafe to make him a Jew which Hillel did and instructed him in the Jewish Religion The day following Hillel saith unto him pronounce Aleph Beth Gimel Daleth which he did according as Hillel mouthed them unto him the day following Hillel inverting the Alphabet saith unto him pronounce Daleth Gimel Beth Aleph then the Gentile replyed Rabbi this is not the Lesson thou taughtst me yesterday then answered Hillel thou dost not onely reject me thy instructor but also fearest not to yield no credit unto my words therefore thou oughtest to rest thy self contented in the unwritten word and to believe all those things which are taught therein This Story is registred in the Talmud Tract de Sabbatho Hence may we conclude that every one simply without consideration or contradiction should believe not onely the Jewish Law of Tradition but whatsoever the RabbiNes according to the prescript of the same Law write and teach and that whosoever doth this is to be esteemed a Jew indeed whosoever is refractory and disobedient the most grievous torments in hell shall be his portion concerning which thing we read this Decree and Sentence of the Senate in the Tract entituled de libello repudii or Letter of Divorce in these words Mar. saith Whosoever shall deride or contemne what our wismen and Rabbines have spoken he shall be punished in hot boyling pitch and that in hell as they blasphemously affirm Christ our Saviour and Redeemer to be tormented because he walked not according to the traditions ordinances and Doctrines of their ancestours but rejected them as a thing despifed This punishment is also registred in another Tract of the Talmud and more at large expounded in a book called Menneras Hammaor and expresly set down in the book Beth Iaacob but in the Talmud printed at Basile it is left out and not without good reason as also many other blasphemous passages written against Christ and Christian
ought to drinke off in lieu of a thanksgiving as Rabbi Bechai writes for the foure great deliverances mentioned by Moses in those words I will bring you forth from under the burdens of the Egyptians and I will rid you out of their bondage and I will redeem you with a stretched out arme and with great judgement And I will take you to me for a people and I will be your God which bringeth you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians I will bring you out from under the hands of the Egyptians there is the first I will redeem you with a stretched outarme that 's the second I will take you to me for a people there 's the third I will be your God c. there 's the fourth In remembrance of which foure deliverances they take off foure whole cups of wine in the time of the celebration of the passeover lest they should seem forgetfull of Gods benefits The reason why after these their cups they curse the Christians in a praier called Schepoch is according to Rabbi Bechai in the foresaid place because God shall poure upon the enemies of the Jewes the Christians and all others foure cups of his wrath and vengeance and make them drinke the dregs thereof as it is written Take the wine cup of this fury at my hand and cause all the nations to whom I send thee to drinke it And againe Babylon hath beene a golden cup in the Lords hand that hath made all the earth drunken The nations have drunke of her wine therefore the nations are mad Againe He shall raine upon the wicked snares fire and brimstone and vapours of smoake this shall be their portion to drinke Againe There is a cup in the hand of the Lord and the wine thereof is red as for the dregs thereof all the wicked of the earth shall drinke them and suck them out If the Jewes could rightly weigh and ponder the scope of these words and parallell them with other places of holy writ they might easily finde that this cup is in the first place filled for them according to that which is written by the Prophet saying I took the cup at the Lords hand and made all the nations to drinke to whom the Lord had sent me To wit Jerusalem and the Cities of Judah and the Kings thereof to make them a desolation and an astonishment an hissing and a curse as it is this day Pharaoh King of Egypt and his servants his Princes and his people When therefore the Jewes have drunk off and digested this fearfull cup they will have but a slender stomack to reach it out unto the Christians From all that hath been said we may conclude that the Jewes keep not the passeover according to Moses his institution and Gods command but according to the traditions of the Rabbines which with them are in farre greater account then the commanements of God as is apparent in the Talmud Wherein is extant a huge tract concerning the celebration of this Feast upon which the Rabbines have written whole Books and Commentaries To leave them to their vanities let it bee our consolation That Christ our passeover is sacrificed for us and therefore let us keep the feast not with old leaven neither with the leaven of malicioâ— snesse but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth saying with John Behold the lamb of God who takes away the sins of the world and with St Peter knowing that we were not redeemed with corruptible things as silver and gold from our vaine conversation received by tradition of the fathers but with the precious blood of Christ as a lambe undefiled and without spot which was ordained bâ—fore the foundation of the world but declared in the last times for our sakes let us learn not to be ashamed CHAP. XIV Of the manner how the Jewes celebrate the seven daies of the passover and put a conclusion to the Festivall VVHile the Feast of the Passover lasts every morning betimes they repaire to the Synagogue they sing Psalms as they are wont to doe upon the Sabbath say many prayers make sale diversly of the book of the law they take two several bookes of the Law out of the Arke calling forth five men to reade some sections out of the same If the passeover fall upon the Sabbath then they call out seven men When the Priest blesseth the people the prayers being ended then he spreads abroad his hand because it is the assertion of their Doctors that the majesty of the Lord rests upon them who hereupon have given a strict inhibition that none in the meane while should presume to looke upon his own hands unlesse he will incurre the danger of blindnesse Praiers being ended every man returns unto his own house where he fals to his dinner with a merry heaâ—t When a speciall caution is to be had that he eate no more then necessity requires that they may the night following with greater alacrity satiate their stomacks with those three cakes mentioned in the former Chapter Great diâ—putes arise what labors it is lawfull to undertake what meats may be boiled and eaten upon this day for it is not lawfull to boile more then they can eate yet notwithstanding it is allowed to set on the great pot and to fill it with flesh For by this action no danger can accrew unto them though the whole be not that day consumed Much flesh is the cause of much good and the more is put in the pot it will tast the better in it selfe and make the fatter pottage yet though this be tollerated yet it is not permitted to roste more then they may with ease devoure for one joint upon the spit is never the better tasted for the neighbourhood of his fellow And againe meate is farre more delightsome to the palate when it is piping hot then when it is cold That which may be boiled upon the eve of the Sabbath or any Festivall and not lose its taste before the nextday they may then boile it if not it is lawfull sor them to boil it upon the Sabbath day or Festival the great Sabbath only accepted as also the beating of pepper and other spiâ—es which once beaten do quickly lose their proper reâ—ish yet a ceremony is to be used for they must bray with the smal end of the pestle and also make the mortar to leane more to the one side then the other that a certain differeâ—e may be observed between the labors of the week and those of the holy day It is no offence for the mother to wash her infant with hot water in the time of this Festivall although a Christian did make it hot It is not lawfull to take the match out of one lampe and put it unto her If any desire that a wax light should not be altogether consumed he may set it in the water that when the flame comes to the water it may be
thing as it came to passe in the dayes of Josiah the King in which the Book of the Law was for a long time lost and being found again by Hilkiah the High Priest was accounted a rare and strange novelty as it is registred in the second Book of Kings It must also follow say they that the words of Moses above mentioned according to the tenor of these words must the jews being commentators be thus understood according to the words which were heard and received out of the mouth of God the sense must be that God made a Covenant with Israel not according to the written but unwritten Law which interpretation we find in the Talmud for in the Book Tauchum in the Section Elle Toledos Noach which begins at the 9. verse of the 6. Chapter of Genesis we find it thus written Our Wise-men say that God did not write 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Horum verborum gratia for these words but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Secundum os horum verborum according to these words which were delivered by mouth only not in writing have I made a Covenant with Israel And such are the words of the Talmud which is harsh and difficult to them that would learn it and therefore likened to darkness Esay the ninth and second where the words are The people that sate in darkness have seen a great light that is they who are much conversant in the study of the Talmud see great light for God inlightens their eyes to see how to behave themselves in respect of things permitted and not permitted clean and unclean which are not expressed to the full in the written Law A little after we read that by reason of this Covenant the World subsists because God created the day and night unto this end that the Israelites might learn the Law of Tradition or the Talmud by the benefit of them and so soon as they cease to study their Talmud day and night shall be no more Hereupon saith Jeremy If my Covenant be not with day and night and if I have not appointed the Ordinances of Heaven and Earth And what is this Covenant The Talmud saith the Jew and for this reason Jeremy a little before saith Thus saith the Lord if you can break my Covenant of the day and my covenant of the night that is when you will no longer learn and observe the Talmud then may also my Covenant be broken with David my servant Hereupon David saith in the Law of the Lord is his delight in his Law that is the Talmud will he meditate day and night Yea God himselfe hath also made a Covenant with Israel that this unwritten Law should never be subject to oblivion as it is written I saith tho Lord will make with them this Covenant my Spirit which shal come upon thee and the words that I have put into thy mouth shall never depart out of thy mouth nor out of the mouth of thy children from this time for ever Here it is not written saith the Jew from thee but out of thy mouth that we might understand the unwritten Law here to be meant for the learning of which God hath placed the day and the night as two common Schools Hitherto Tanchum Moreover we read in the Sermons of Rabbi Bechai which booke he intitles Cad hakkemach a Barrel of Meale in that the six parts of the Talmud make up the Law of Tradition which is the proper foundation of the written Word considering that this without that can neither be profitably expounded nor understood Hereupon in that Tract of the Talmud called Bava meziah it is read that to study and read the Scriptures is profit and no profit to wit a small profit and not to be regarded But to learn the Talmud is an exercise worthy of a Salary and the workman shall surely receive it To commit unto memory the Gemarah which is the upshot of the Talmud is such a surpassing vertue that it admits not of an equal And this is the cause that the Jewish Rabbines and Doctors are better versed in the Talmud then the Bible I am now perswaded that I have given a full demonstration of the ground of the Jewish faith that it is not Moses but the Talmud that joy of their hearts and marrow of their bones which may put a period to the admiration of any who wonders at their blindness and superstition and they have forsaken the way of divine truth with a light heeled wantonness following the footsteps of their Ancestors in the way of lying When therfore the Divel that Father of lies for his recreation would play a game at Tick Tack with the Jews the Law of Moses being their stake he by cogging got the dice of them and would not give over till he had got the double point when he inspired into them this heart pleasing consequence Seeing the Talmud is the master point the true ground the right line according to which the written Word ought to be measured cut out squared and divided it must of necessity follow that the Doctrine of all the Rabbins should be conformable unto it as the Talmud is so true that it cannot be blemished with the least falshood so is every thing that the Rabbines do either write or teach Now that this after game or consequence did above all measure possesse the Rabbines who are such greedy hunters after glory that God and all the Prophets shall be tainted with a lie before they miss this their prey is apparent out of their following proud Luciferous speeches Rabbi Isaac who died in Portugal in the year of Christ 1493. in his Book Menoras hammaor a hath these words all that our Rabbines have taught or spoken either in their Sermons or in their mystical and allegorical Explications we believe as firmly as the Law of Moses In which if any thing be found smelling of an hyperbole or seeming clean contrary to nature and too high for the sensible faculty of any mortal we ought to ascribe it not to their words but to the defect of our understanding and although their strains be high and lofty and they seem to present unto our view things incredible yet if we rightly ballance them the truth will cast the Scales As for example we read in the Talmud that a Rabbine upon a certain time preached that the dayes shall come in which a Woman should every day bring forth grounding upon that Text she conceived and presently brought forth by presently understanding dayly which when some understood not they flouted the Rabbine and exposed him to contempt The Rabbine perceiving it answered that he spoke not after the vulgar fashion of a naturall woman but of an Hen that dayly layd an Egge an handsom put off indeed In the same place it is written all their words are the words of the living God neither shall any of them fall in vain unto the earth whereupon it is
in remembrance of the same and deterred me from committing the offence Hereupon she asked him his name and whence he was which when he had told she seemed to rest contented and suffered him to depart but many dayes past not untill she sold all that she had and followed after him unto his dwelling place and entering the Synagogue the place of his study inquired of the Master thereof where he was to whom demanding her business she declared the whole matter and withall desiring to become a Convert unto the Jewish Religion and Wiâ—e to the aforesaid yong Student saying I have here brought with me that bed in which he and I should have contrary to Gods Commandements committed fornication which now that we may use chastly honestly and piously is the top of my desires The Master of the place moved with her words acknowledged her for a Proselite and joyned her in marriage to the yong man whom she loved by whom she had many comly children which in after times came to be great Doctors and learned Rabbines she until the moment of her death continuing constant in the Profession of the Jewish Religion In like manner it is recorded that these Fringes and Ribbands upon the shirts of their garments put Boaz in remembrance of his duty and hindred him from committing folly with Ruth when she lay at his feet in the threshing floor as also Joseph from harkening unto the bewitching of Potiphars Wife This story so famous among the Jews that even Infants and women who never read the Talmud have it at their fingers ends I could by no means here omit being also recorded in their Germain Minhagim or Books of Common prayer In the Trict of the Talmud called Masseches bava basra it is written that upon a time Rabbi Jochanan saw a casket full of pretious jewels which one of his Schollers called Bar Emorai seeking to take away by stealth a violent commotion shattered all his members and a voice was heard saying Let the casket alone thou son of Emorai for it is not thine but belongs to the wife of Rabbi Chanina the son of Dusa who shall treasure up therein store of blew wooll of which the just and righteous shall cause to be made for them fringed garments in the world to come By the example of this good woman all others may learn thus much that in the sedulous imitation of her in this world they shall find a large reward in another The Women are not tied to put on or wear this cloak or coat of remembrance yet if they do it is no scandal to them for it is said that Michall the daughter of Saul did the like yet according to Rabbi Jehuda in the book Siphra the Doctors and learned crew free women from the performance of this Commandement about the Fringes and esteem her for a proud novice and worthy to be laught at who will undertake it seeing it is proper to men alone To conclude all whosoever shall every day without intermission put on this shirt coat or cloak is sufficiently armed against the Divel and all evil spirits Proved So much concerning the first thing formerly proposed now follows the second for as the Jews have their fringes forâ—a signe to put them in remembrance to do well so have they also a knot upon the forehead near unto their nose to put them in mind to pray seriously this knot they weave and knit out of the words of Moses saying And these words which I command thee this day shall be in thine heart and thou shalt rehearse them continually unto thy children and shalt talk of them when thou tarriest in thine house and as thou walkest by the way and when thou liest down and when thou risest up and thou shalt bind them for a sign upon thine hand and they shall be as frontlets between thine eyes which binding the Jews at this day perform in this manner In the first place they choose out a four square piece of black leather in quantity but small of an Oxe or Cows hide which they fold eight times so making four distinct houses or receptacles unto which they do put four distinct pieces of parchment in which are written the ten Commandements and other parcels of Scripture which are thought to be the four Sections of the Law The first beginning Sanctifie unto me all the first born Exod 13. 2. to the end of the 10. verse The second at the 11. verse continuing unto the end of the 16. The third beginning at the 4. verse of the 6. chapter of Deuteronomy and ending at the tenth verse The fourth Deut. 11. 13. ending at the 22. verse Then they take some few hairs pulled out of the taile of an Oxe or Cow which they wash very clean and therewithall binde together the foresaid parchments yet in such a manner that the ends thereof may appeare out of the skin to this end that every man may take notice that they are good and not sophisticate The skin into whose folds they put these parchment writings they sow together with small strings taken out of the bodies of Oxen or Kine or made of Buls sinnews which if they cannot have then instead thereof they use small thongs cut out of the skin it selfe Finally to the foresaid foursquare piece of leather or skin thus folded and sowed they fasten another long black thong which they knot about it the whole piece thus framed and fashioned they call their Tephillin or prayer ornaments serving to put them in remembrance of the serious and often execution of such an exercise these they bind about their head in that manner that the great knot in which are contained the parcells of holy Writ may be fastened directly upon the forehead between the eyes over against the brain that hereby the memory of Gods Commandements may be therein imprinted their prayers sanctified and lastly the Precept of Moses put in execution who saith It shall be for a memoriall between thine eyes The second sort of Philacteries which are for the hands are made in this manner they take a foursquare piece of leather and fold it as the former then they take a piece of parchment in which they write some certain Sentences out of Exodus putting them into a little hollow skin having but one receptacle the hollownesse thereof being such that ones finger may go into it this little skin they sow unto the foresaid piece of leather so often folded unto which they likewise fasten a long thong and this they call their Tephillin Schel iadon their Philacteries for the hands which they fasten upon the left arm above the elbow on the inside over against the heart that the heart may behold them and hereby become more zealous and â—â—â—ent in its devotion the long thong they lâ—p about their left arm in that manner that the end tâ—â—reof may reach to the palms of the hand and so the Commandement may be fulfilled saying These words
booke directing aright our life and conversation to the end that thence he may learn the feare of God and civility of behaviour and therefore he reads in the same an houre at least before he goes out of doors to performe any other businesse This the Cachamim and wise men among the Jewes conclude from the words of Solomon in his Proverbs saying The feare of the Lord is the beginning of wisdome Hence teaching us that in all our actions we undertake we ought to feare God and learn his word After the same manner might the Rabbines have expounded those words Vehaiah Gnekebh Tismegnun That the Jewes being interpreters they must be rendred thus There shall be a heale or foot you shall beare it and that which followes is this Before you set your heele or foot out of doors you shall learn the law by reading something therein and hearing what God wils and commands to be done It is a good work indeed to learn the law and on the contrary a great sinne for any to be negligent in the reading of the same In the time of the first Temple the peopl of Jerusalem committed many hainous offences as Incest and Idolatry yet the Lord did only in a manner know these and took notice of them untill they despised the law and would take no more paines to learn it Then the Lord banished them out of his sight destroied a great number of them and utterly laid waste their holy Temple Hereupon the Lord cried out by Jeremie the Prophet Who is wise to understand this and to whom the mouth of the Lord hath spoken he shall declare it Why doth the Land perish and is burnt up like a wildernesse and none passeth thorow And the Lord saith because they have for saken the law which I set before them and have not obeied my word neither walked there after Againe it is written in the first booke of Moses Then shall all nations say wherefore hath the Lord done thus unto this land how fierce is his great wrath And they shall answer because they have for saken the Covenant of the Lord God of their fathers which he made with them when he brought them out of the land of Egypt Wherefore a religious Jew must not presently after his comming from morning praier fall to his daily labour and servile emploiments but either retire himselfe to his owne house or in Beth Hammedrasch or the Schoole dedicated to study and there to read and learne somewhat out of the Law which may presse him forward to the feare of God and an honest life and godly conversation with men that by this meanes that may come to passe which the Prophet David makes mention of saying They will goe from strength to strength and unto the God of Gods appeareth every one of them in Sion Which is also very well expounded according to the sagacity of the Jewes in a little book written concerning the feare of God in these words They did goe from one study to another that they might by learning understand the Law When they are returned unto their owne house then laying aside their phylacteries and precatory fardles they put them into a chest First unloosing them of the head then those of the hand to the end they may at any time first take and bind on these of the hand Some also are accustomed to put off their garment of remembrance or their fringed Coat to which the Ribbands are annexed yet in my judgement it were more fitting they should weare it continually that they might not forget the commandements of the Lord but alwaies fulfill his Law They who are godly carry it all the day long under a corselet or cloake but so that the ribbonds may be seen of them that they may bee terrified from committing sin I once saw a crabbed Rabbine of a waiward holinesse who was Master of the Synagogue whose ribbands hanging at his fringes hung so low downe that they did even touch his feet For as some desiring not to be forgetfull of any thing committed to his memory knits a knot in his girdle to the end that he looking thereupon may call to his remembrance what he ought to put in execution So these five knotted fringes in use with the Jewes are as so many memorandums to warne them to avoid the by-paths of sin and iniquity And hence it comes to passe that all the Jewes are of such a sanctified conversation that they fulfill keep and observe every one of Gods commandements They also accounted it very good for the wholsome to eate something before a man in the morning undertake any businesse For there are sixty three diseases of the Gall which may all be cured by the eating of crust and a mornings draught of the blood of the grape Who wants wine he may drink Ale or a cup of cold water as Raschi is of an opinion and so shall he be fitted to undergo any labour They which are honest wives indeed will in the meane time make ready for dinner some boiled meate that their husbands bellies at their return home finding such cleanly provision may not by a long tarrying be occasioned to a thought that their throats are cut In that tract of the Talmud about the Sabbath it is ordained that the Jewes should goe to dinner some five houres after day-break which is about eleven a clock if any over-stay any longer hee may fall into some disease by the vehemence where of he may bee brought upon his knees for at that time the body expects and requires its naturall nourishment which if it have not then it seeds upon its owne members As a Bore in the time of winter is wont to doe for then if it be not possible for him to come by any sustenance hee by sucking his owne feete relieves himselfe The wives also must have an especiall care that they serve in the meate thus cleanly drest in a cleanly manner as it is written You shall not make your soules abominable with any creeping thing that creepeth neither shall you make your selves unclean with them that you should be defiled thereby for I am the Lord your God you shall therefore sanctifie your selves and you shall be holy for I am holy neither shall you defile your selves with any manner of creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth This place the profound Rabbines construe in this manner unto us That they being commanded by God ought to eate meates artificially cooked as men not beasts are accustomed to doe and that if any one do not eate such viandes he polluting himselfe without fall becomes unsanctified in the eies of the Lord. The table is to be spread with clean linnen bread in whole loaves pure well baked and not burn'd is to be set thereupon then Grate must be said and â—a blessing conserred upon the meat to be received If the good wives of the house have any pullen or other cattell which are to be fed
which they attribute great vertue and strange operations hidden ones surely for they have not made their appearance for one thousand six hundred and odd yeares This they use to say standing and that with great devotion There is a certaine story very pat to this purpose When the Jewes were banished out of Jerusalem by Titus Vespasian the Roman Emperour The Emperour commanded that three ships filled with Jewes should be set to float upon the sea having neither mast nor sailes This his command being put in execution the ships being tost with a most violent tempest were parted asunder and cast upon the shore of three divers countries the names whereof were Lovanda Arlado and Burdeli which are now worne out of remembrance All the Jewes in one of those ships were very courteously entertained by the Lord of that country in which they landed who in a most bountifull manner gave them land to till and Vineyards After his death there arose another King who handled and vexed the Jewes most inhumanely even as Pharaoh did their Ancestours saying unto them that he would try whether they were true Jewes or not after the same manner that Nebuchadnezzar tryed Hananias Misael and Azarias and if you can walke without hurt in the middle of the fiery furnace as they did then will I confesse that you are true Jewes indeed To whom the Jewes made answer entreating him that he would doe unto them as Nebuchadnezzar did to the three former which was to grant them three dayes respite that they might pray unto God to deliver them Which when he had granted two brothers called Joseph and Benjamin and their Couzen Samuel came together to consult what was best to be done who determined neither to eat or drinke for three dayes together Which while they put in practise every one having a severall prayer which they joined in one and repeated it without intermission night and day untill their allotted time was ended In the morning of the third day one of them said he had dreamed that he heard one read a verse out of the Bible in which Kt was twice and Lo three times reiterated but what it meant or where it was he was altogether ignorant Then answered one of the other two and said this verse will be a helpe and comfort unto thee for hereby is signified that God will send thee help from heaven and it is written in the forty third chapter of Isaiah and the second verse the words wherof are these Kâ— when thou passest through the waters I will be with thee and through the rivers they shall Lo not overflow thee Ki when thou walkest through the fire thou shalt Lo not bee burnt Lo neither shall the flame kindle upon thee Upon the third day a huge fire was provided earely in the morning an immense number of people flocking to the execution who were very desirous to be present at the burning The congregation being compleate these three men did commend their bodies to the mercy of the fire singing and praying untill all the wood being consumed they came out of the fire without the least touch thereof This miracle the foresaid men divulged in what place soever they came whereupon it was ordained and commanded that this prayer should bee said every Munday and Thursday morning in every Synagogue and place of publike prayer which the Jewes observe and keepe unto this very day hoping that by the power of this prayer they shall be delivered from their long continued captivity and tedious exile But alas their hopes will be frustrate so long as they despise and set at nought the Saviour of their soules Christ Jesus and persevere in their horrible superstition This Fable is here related more at large then it is by Antonius Margarita out of the booke Colbo The prayer beginning Vehu racham so much esteemed of them is written in the forme following He is mercifull forgiving iniquity and not destroying the sinner He oftentimes turns his anger from us and suffers not his fury to arise O God I beseech thee take not thy mercy from me let thy meeknesse and truth alwaies preserve me Help us O God our God and gather us from among the Gentiles c. In briefe the sum of this prayer is this They beg of God that hee would vouchsafe to pardon their sinnes take pity upon the desolations of their City and Temple to gather them from the foure corners of the earth and never suffer his inheritance to bee ashamed In this prayer they are also mindefull of us Christians against whom they thus petition O God how long shall thy strength remaine in captivity and thy beauty in thy enemies hand O Lord God stirre up thy strength and revenge us upon all our enemies so shall their might be turned into weaknesse and they shall be ashamed and perish These last words are in many Copies left out by reason of an injunction laide upon the Printers by the Christian Magistrate an empty space being left that they may either write them or eâ—se inquire what is wanting These things thus finished they fall the second time upon their faces and saying many other prayers as was declared in the former Chapter they beseech God that hee would remove his anger farre from them and not deliver them into the hands of their enemies but being mindefull of the Covenant that hee made with their fathers would make their seed like unto the starres of Heaven for multitude After that they have for such a space either kneeling or standing poured out their souls in prayer unto God then followes the narration of that pompe and state which they exhibite to the booke of the Law they reade weekly Lectures out of it according as they were enjoyned by Ezra the scribe The manner followeth In every Synagogue they have the booke of the Law to wit the Pentateuch written in long schroles of parchment sewed together at the ends thereof are fastned certaine pieces of wood for the safer keeping and more easie carriage of the booke of the Law This book is kept in a certaine Arke or Chest standing continually against some wall of the Synagogue Before the Ark is a little doore and before it a hanging made by the Art of the embroiderer This is of divers sorts and the more solemnn the festivall is the richer are the hangings Those are had in greatest esteeme with them whose outside is adorned and wrought with the shapes of divers birds for such were alwaies an ornament upon the old Arke of the Covenant The booke is alwaies wrapt up in a linnen cloth in which are characterised some Hebrew words and divers names That which is the most outward of all is oftentimes a linnen cloth much like unto a little coat or cloake made of silke but sometimes of puregold upon which they hang some silver plates fastned to a golden chaine in which is written Kether thorah that is to say the crowne of the Law or Kodesch adonai
three times towards the North three times towards the South heaving it also in the last place over his head then suffering it to becke unto the ground In all these severall postures carrying himselfe much like unto a fencer in the tossing advancing and shouldering of his pike Then they pray againe and againe begin to shake their bundle of boughes thereby giving to understand that they are triumphant conquerours of all sinne and inquity having a conceit that by the noise of their branches they have so lashed whipped away and terrifyed the devill that hee dare never any more presume to accuse them before God for their sinnes and offences The next thing they put in practice is concerning the Book of the Law which some or other goes and takes out of the Arke and laies it upona Deske and instantly thereupon every one in the Synagogue circles about the pew or desk with the bundle of branches and orenges in his hand This they dâ—efor seven daies together in remembranâ—e that the wals of Jericho being by their fathers compâ—ssed about sseven daies fell flat unto the ground and the men thereof subdued unto Israel hoping withall that the wals of the Roman Empire shall likewise be demolished and the Jewes become the conquerours Lords and Masters of the Christians which Rabbi Bechai affirms in expresse words saying This our enâ—ircling or compassing used by us at this day upon this Festivall is a certaine sign unto us of the state of the time to come wherein the wall of Edom that of the Romane Monarchy shall be throwne downe and all the Edomites shall bee destroied and rooted out according to that of Daniel which he delivers concerning the fourth beast which shaddowes out unto us the Roman Monarchy in these words I beheld then because of the voice of the great words which the horne spake I beheld even till the beast was slaine and his body destroied and given to the burning flame In that day shall the mount Sion and Jerusalem rejoice which were formerly called Midbar or a desart as it is written Thy holy Cities are a wildernesse Sion is a wildernesse Jerusalem a desolation The same Prophet saying also in another place That Sion ought to rejoice and Jerusalem to be glad and clap her haâ—ds because the Lord will take vengeance upon Edom that is upon the Roman Empire as it it written The desart and wildernesse shall rejoice So much Rabbi Bechai out of which we may easily gather how much good the Jewes wish unto us Christians in the time of this their Festivall Yet in their books of Common Prayers it appeares that in former times they have been more invective against us then they are at this day for there they pray that God would smite us after the manner that hee smote the first born in the land of Egypt And that in a prayer which begins Ana hoschiana where the expresse words are Smite our enemies as thou smotest the first born in Egypt and make them subject unto us c. Where by their enemies they understand us Christians to whom they are now in bondage The first shaking of these Festivall branches being ended they shake them very often in the processe of their prayers taking two bookes of the Law out of the Arke out of which they read certaine sections with a bawâ—ing ostentation but very little attention and lesse devotion The second day they hallow equally as the first not that they are enjoined thereunto by the command and law of God but by reason they are not assured what day of September may precisely be accounted for the fifteenth and hence it is that they make two holidaies when one onely is required Eâ—ery evening so long as the Feast endures the Master of the family repeats a certaine prayer whereby hee makes the daies of the Feast to be discerned and differenced from those which are appointed for labour and travell in our ordinary vocation giving thanks unto God that the Feast hath been celebrated in such a good manner The foure daies following are onely esteemed holy in part but upon these also they sing and pray very much shaking their palm branches If any one of these foure daies chance to be the day of the Sabbath then among other things they read a certaine Chapter out of the Prophesie of Ezekiel concerning the dreadfull war of Gog and Magog beleeving and writing that Gog shall be slaine in this month and they delivered out of bondage shall be brought back into their owne land there for ever to have a peaceable habitation The seventh day is likewise by them kept holy whereon they say the prayer called Hosanna Rabba Helpe O Lord our strength because therein they intreat the Lord for to help them against all their enemies and to send them a good and fruitfull yeare For the first day of this month is the first day of the new yeare of yeares properly so called according to which they frame the computation of their yeares In the morning of every one of these daies they early wash themselves in hot or cold water goe into the School or Synagogue light many candles sing and pray â—ervently and with a great deale of ostentation take seven books of the Law out of the Arke and lay them upon the pew or deske which as was formerly related they compasse about seven times having their bundles of palme branches in their hands which are knit together with willow After every severall encompassing putting one of the seven books of the Law into the Arke againe Rambam Rakanat and Bechai with many other of the Rabbines Commenting upon the 14 Chapter of the 4 book of Moses blush not to affirm that God upon the seventh day at night reveales unto them by the moone what thing soever shall befall them the yeare following and that in this manner Upon this night they goe out into the fields by moone-shine some with their heads uncovered other having onely a linnen cloth tied about them or a vaile upon them which they suffering to fall upon the earth stretch out their armes and hands If any mans shadow in the moon-shine seem to want an head it is a certaine signe and token that such a one shall that yeare either lose his head or dye some other death If any seem to want a singer it presages the death of some of his friends if his right hand of his son if his left of his daughter But if no shadow at all appeare then that man shall undoubtedly dye and therefore if he have appointed a journey hee should hereby bee warned to let it alone lest he should not returne in safety This the Rabbines prove from those words of Moses Their shadow is departed from them Num. 14. 9. The Rabbines interpreting that a shadow which properly signifies a defence Yet they say that though a man cannot behold his shadow as upon this night that for this reason he should not
and herein with great joy and gladness fulfil the will of thee their God and Creator who art the true worker and whose works are truth Thou hast spoken to the Moon to renew her self by her often change which renewing is as a beautiful Crown and a great ornament unto the head of every one that is in his mothers womb even to all the Israelites as saith the Prophet Esay who ought to renew themselves even as the Moon doth that they may praise and honour their Creator for the name of his Kingdom a name highly to be reverenced Blessed be thou O Creator Blessed be thou O Moon Blessed be he who made thee Blessed be thy Lord blessed be thy Maker At these words they leap three times upwards towards heaven the higher the Caper is the better it is in esteem Then they go on saying Even as we O God leaping towards thee cannot come near unto thee even so all our enemies bending their forces against us cannot approach to hurt us Here again they make a stay saying that of Moses three times Fear and dread shall fall upon them by the greatness of thine arm they shall be as still as 〈◊〉 stone till thy people passe over O Lord till thy people passe over which thou hast purchased hereby praying against us Christians For a conclusion of this prayer one par saith peace be unto you and the other answer Peace be unto you peace be unto you and to the Israel of God This benediction or blessing they for the most part bestow upon the new Moon upon the Sabbath thereof which Sabbath they sanctifie with a due solemnity putting on their new apparel in honour to the new Moon which they blesse and give it a court-like welcome with great joy and rejoycing I cannot but here insert a certain Dialogue set down in the Talmud between God and the Moon which Rabbi Simâ—on the son of Pazzai thus relates It is written God made two great lights the greater to rule the day the lesse to rule the night Then said the Moon unto God O Lord of the whole world tell me I pray thee Can two Kings reign together and wear one and the same Crown To whom God made answer and said Go hence and lessen thy self She replies O my Creator shall I therefore be lessened because I have spoken before thee that which is true and right Then said God Go and bear rule and dominion both by day and night But quoth the Moon What great honour shall I reap from hence or what dignity shall accrew thereby A burning Candle at noontide what doth it profit Then the Lord bids her be gone saying that the people of Israel should number their dayes times and seasons according to her course and motion which she denies as impossible for to this end they ought to have an exact knowledge of the two Tekuphoth or Tropicks as also of the two Solstices as it is written They shall be for signes and times and dayes and years Then God makes her this answer Go thy way for many great and learned men shall take unto them this thy title as James the less Samuel the less David the less But all this cannot appease her which when he perceived he said offer a propitiatory sacrifice for me because that I have lessened the Moon And hereupon Rabbi Simeon the son of Sakis saith How much doth that Goat differ from others which is offered in the time of the new Moon of which the Lord said this shall be a propitiatory sacrifice for me who have offended in lessening the Moon So far the Talmudist The Rabbines diversly dispute what is the true sence and meaning hereof They who are of ancient dayes are of opinion that at the beginning the Sun and Moon were equal in light which they prove out of the words of Moses saying God made two great lights But so soon as the Moon murmured against God and would sit as Queen and suffer none to share in dominion with her but be sole Monarch in the celestial Orbs God debased her for her pride takes away her own light and caâ—sed her to borrow of the Sun and hence are say they those immediately following words of Moses The greater light for the government of the day and the lesser light for the government of the night whereas he formerly made no such difference but simply caâ—ling them two great lights And furthermore that God hearing the Moon complain of this her hard usage and mis-hap repented of that he had done and caused a propitiatory sacrifice to be offered for this his offence at every new Moon This opinion the modern Rabbines reject as a blasphemy against God considering that he is just and cannot commit iniquity neither is any wickedness found with him Wherefore they have very much tortured and rackt their inventions to finde out the true sence of these words diversly interpreting the word Alai written with Gnayn as Rabbi Bechai testifieth CHAP. XVIII Of the Feast of the new year how the Jews prepare themselves to the celebration thereof and how God at the time of this Celebration judges the Israelites for their sins and offences IT is written in the tract Medrasch Socher Tobh that at the same time when the Sanhedrin or that great Councel of the Jews is gathered together to set down and determine a certain day for the Celebration of the feast of the new year which begins the first day of the moneth Tesri or September and hath also agreed thereupon then God calls a Senate of Angels whom he sends into the earth to enquire see and know whether the time of the Celebration of this feast be determinately appointed which they presently put in execution and returning unto God declare unto him the day whereon the feast will be kept which when God by their relation understands he also decrees to fit in judgment and to judge the world upon the very same day as it is written God is gone up with a merry noise the Lord is gone up with the sound of a trumpet Then the two judgement seats are set the cushions laid the books opened and that great Senate of Angels sits down before him As it is written And I beheld till the thrones were set up and the Ancient of daies did sit whose garment was white as snow and the haire of his head like the pure wooll his throne was like the fiery flâ—me and his wheels as burning fire Thousand thousands ministred unto him and ten thousand thousand thousands stood before him the judgment seat was set and the book opened In the Talmud we have an excellent story to this purpose Rabbi Iochamen saith that at new-years-tide three books are opened one for them who are extreamly wicked and ungodly as Atheists and lnfidels another for them who are just in a most perfect manner the third and last for them who are betwixt both in an indifferent manner godly
and religious who have done as much good as evil Those who are perfectly just have their names presently registred in the book of life but they who are extremely wicked have their names written in the book of death Those of the middle sort are deferred and put off untill the day of reconciliation which is the tenth day after the celebration of the feast of the new year If they truly and sincerely repent them of their sins in the mean time so that their good deeds exceed their bad ones then it goes well with them but if on the contrary their evil deeds be more in number then they are presently put in the catalogue of the reprobate and damned As it is written Let them be blotted out of the book of the living and not be written among the just By the blotting out of the book understanding the book of the wicked and by the word life or living the book of the just and by the words Let them not be written among the just the book of those who are indifferently honest Hence is also that of Ralig bbi Nalig chman the son of Isaac upon these words of Moses Now if thou wilt palig rdon their sin thy mercy shall appear But if thou wilt not blot me out of the book which thou hast written In which words Blot out fingers out the book of the wicked Out of thy book the book of the just Which thou hast written the book of them which are indifferently just and godly So far the Talmud 1. Now that God should at this time sit in judgment rather then at any other the reason is grounded upon a certain tradition of the Antients that God created the whole world Adam and placed him in Paradise in the moneth of September therefore it was thought very meet and just that God at the years end should require of man an account of his life and see how he hath carried himself for the space of the year past and so reward every one according to his works Which he paies unto every one in the year following in this manner Sins are of divers sorts some God punishes in this world some also in the life to come so also good works some whereof are recompenced here some hereafter Now if a man for the most part doe nothing els but sin all the year long polluting his soul with the horrid filth of wickedness yet doing some few good deeds the sum of all is presented before Gods tribunal upon new-years day 1. Then God takes the scales and puts his good deeds in one end and his bad deeds in another If it seem good then to the Judge of all men to reward the foresaid man for the good he hath found in him in this present world it cometh to pass that he is called a just man and hath this happy sentence pronounced upon him in this vale of misery that he shall have a name in the book of life live for the next year become rich and shall be advanced to great honours 1. In like manner if an honest and just man who every day makes a conscience of his wayes and lives according to the law all the year through offend and commit some gross enormities for which God is pleased to punish him in this world then God calls him a wicked and unjust liver and pronounceth sentence against him for evil and not for good puts his name into the book of the dead thereby giving him notice that he shall either die or become poor or be troubled with some dangerous disease the year following and therefore although a man may enjoy the happiness of Saints in the world to come yet may he be called with injustice in this seeing he is here punished for his offences even as the reprobate And on the contrary one here accounted just and holy may be ordained to damnation because God gives him the reward of his workes in this present world And therefore no man ought to wonder or account it a strange thing that the godly suffer affliction and all manner of distress in this present life when on the contrary the wicked lives as he list gives rest unto his soule enjoyes pleasure and is without the gunshot of sorrow and vexation yet at the day of death the case is altered for he that was here so gay and gallant must goe into everlasting fire and the other so miserable into enternal bliss God then paying unto them the due reward of their labours And this is the very reason why the Germara affirms that the three foresaid books are opened upon new-years day Furthermore it often falls out that one good work blots out a number of transgressions and one sin abolisheth many good works both which are in the power of God If the sinner whose name is put into the book of death repent him of his wayes from the bottom of his heart and continue in this course unto the day of reconciliation being the tenth of the new-year he may happily moue God to reverse the sentence pronounced against him and to transferr him into the book of life Even as the godly in the same space angering his Maker by the commission of some hainous offence may move him to blot his name out of the book of life and to write it among the dead Thus the blindfolded Jews write speak and are conceited of the Almighties rule and government making him a Judge of that stampe and quality which they desire him to be of far contrary to the description of the Prophet David who in heavie cheer praying unto God for the forgiveness of his sins cries out Enter not into judgment with thy servant O Lord for no man living shall be justified in thy sight And again If thou O Lord marke whalig t is done amiss who is able to abide it Seeing therefore God sits in judgment upon every new-years-day and so severely punisheth the transgressors of his commandements the Rabbines have made it an Ordinance and Statute in Israel that every one should for a moneth before repent of his sins and the evil he hath committed turn from his wicked wayes and begin to lead a new life This therefore the Jews put in execution and upon the first day of Elul or August they fall to a serious account calling all their sins to remembrance and weighing them according to every several circumstance in which they have wickedly transgressed through the whole circuit of the year Whosoever then every day before he eat or drink questions his soule what it hath done and with a diligent scrutinie searches every corner of his heart for some formerly practised wickedness grieving very much and being very heartily sorry for the same he shall upon New-years-day when others are to give an account for their offences receive a plenary absolution And hence it is that the Jews dwelling among the Walloones at this day have a custome to rise every morning of this moneth
N. witness N. the son of N. witness This kinde of divorce is not in every place put in execution they chuse a place of some fame and note neer adjoyning some notable River whither fome of the chief Rabbines are cited by a writ if some others be not there resident The Jews are very much for this carnal divorce writing vast volumes in way of Commentary upon it but by reason of the hardness of their heart not once dreaming of the spiritual whereby they are severed from the Lord of hosts Hence remaining aliens from God and according to their desert vagabonds over the face of the whole earth CHAP. XXX Touching the manner how a Jewish woman divorceth her self from the brother of her deceased husband IT is recorded in the fifth book of Moses that the husband of a woman dying his brother being unmarried shall go in unto her take her to wife and raise up seed unto his brother that his name be not put out of Israel And if the man like not to take his brothers wife then shall she go up to the gate and accuse him before the Elders and lose his shooe from off his foot and spit in his face and answer and say so shall it be done unto the man that will not build up his brothers house But in process of time this custome was disanulled and it was ordained by the Rabbines that none should take to wife the widow of his deceased brother but rather for to free himself from her for his greater honour should suffer her to draw â—ff his shooe which kinde of divorce iâ— called by the Rabbines Câ—â—litra which is performed in this manner The widow calls unto her five witnesses who must be men of another family with whom she being about to appear before the chief Rabbine summoâ—s her husbands brother â—lso to the same place When they are come the Rabbine asks the woman whether three moneths are gone and pâ—st since the death of her husband Whether her husband dying left behinde him a brother unmarried Whether he that is there present be the natural brother of her husband begot by the same man Whether they think themselves fit to beget children to raise up seed or an heir unto the dead as also to themselves now superviving What age they are of and lastly he asketh the widow whether she be fasting or not For if she have formerly taken any meat she may not lawfully spit in the face of her husbands brother Then he asketh the dead mans brother whether the woman there present was wife unto his deceased brother when he was alive Whether he will take her to wiâ—e or else be divorced from her by the Chalitza or drawing the shooe from off the heele If he answers that he is not willing to marry her then a shooe is brought unto him made after a singular fashion with latchets and other necessaries this he takes and leaning himself against aâ— wall puts it on upon hâ—s right foot naked Then comes the woman unto him and â—aith this my husbands brother would not raise up seed unto him and for this cause from henceforth he shall not be called my husbands brother Hereupon stooping towards the earth she unlooseth his shoe with her right hand and drawing it off his foot spits in his face and that with such force that the five witnesses may see the spittle and saith Thus shall it be done unto him that will not build up his brothers house Then the witnesses and all the whole company cry Chalutz hannahal that is the shoe is drawn off Thus are these two separated each from another that they may severally attend their own employments Here ariseth a great question among the Rabbines how a woman suppose that she wanted the right hand could draw off the shoe Some of them have permitted that in such a case she may â—se her teeth to the unloosing of it Others solve it in another manner If the brother to the man deceased will not suffer the ignominie of this discalceation and the woman be about to marry unto another then is he bound to pay a great sum of mony unto her that he may be freed from her If her husbands brother dwell in another City then is she her self compelled to follow him and to indent with him about marriage Concerning this custom of raising up seed unto the Brother was that Question proposed by the Sadduces to our Saviour that seeing seven brethren had one after another married the same woman whose wife she should be in the Resurrection out of which we may conclude thus much that it was in use among the Jews even in Christs time for the brother of the man deceased to go in unto and marry his brothers wife CHAP. XXXI Of the uncleanness of the women and how they carry themselves in the time thereof IT is not lawful for a woman in the time of her uncleannesse to enter into the Synagogue to pray to name the name God or to handle any holy book as it is written Let her touch no holy thing nor come into my Sanctuary untill the dayes of her purification be finished yet some of the Rabbines have licensed it They of the most holy sort write that what woman soever being admonished of these things abstains from them shall lengthen her own dayes So soon as she hath the least knowledge of her own uncleannesse she separates her self from her husband for the space of seven dayes in which time she dare not touch him sit upon one stool with him eat at the same table drink out of the same cup sit opposite unto him nor speak unto him face to face When the one would give any thing unto the other they are not wont to do it by throwing but they lay it down upon some table or stool that the one being for a good space removed the other may take it up When the man lieth with his wife in her uncleannesse then the children which they beget prove Lepers and they affirm that this is one of the chief reasons why there are so many Lepers among the Christians to wit carnal copulation in the time of the womans uncleannesse hence scattering abroad venemous and bitter words against us in writing among the vulgar which I will not now relate When any woman of the Jews hath reckoned up the seven dayes of her uncleannesse she holds on and addes seven dayes more of her purification unto them after which time she finding her self throughly purified she clothes her self in white robes takes another woman with her and goes to wash her self in cold water and that so nakedly that she must not have her smock to cover her In the Winter time in some places they are wont to powre hot water into the Cistern in which she bathes her self But in other places they are wont to wash themselves in cold water as well in Winter as in Summer They are bound to dive so deep that not an
ever compared unto him The eighth Article is concerning the Law that it was so delivered to Moses by Gods owne mouth as it is now extant amongst them The manner how it was given whether by writing or dictated of God to Moses by word of mouth it is not needful to inquire If it proceeded from the mouth of God then is it necessary that every parcel thereof should be truth and in this respect no difference to be made amongst the particular clauses of holy Writ as these I am the Lord thy God c. and Thumia was the Concubine of Eliphaz who came of Esau as also The Sons of Ham were Cush and Mizraim phut and Canaan and this Heare O Israel the Lord thy God is one God and others of the same sort seeing they are all Gods true and holy Word After the like manner the Exposition of the divine Law Mippi haggeburah came from Gods owne mouth as also all the things observable in the celebration of their bulabh or feast of Tabernacles as the blowing of Trumpets Zizim Tephillim concerning which things notwithstanding there is not one expresse word found in the Law of Moses yet are they kept no otherwise then God hath with open mouth delivered them to Moses and Moses unto us and Moses God himselfe bearing him witnesse Numb 12. 7. was faithfull in all his house And they are his own words Numb 16. 28. Hereby you shall know that the Lord hath sent me to do all these Works for I have not done them of mine own mind The ninth Article concerning the change of the Law that the Law of Moses shall never be abrogated or any other succeed in the place thereof and that nothing need to be added unto it or taken away from it that not one jot or title shall be annexed or perish from the holy Scripture neither that any Exposition shall make it subject to augmentation or diminution whereupon it shal come to passe that Gods holy Temple and the City Jerusalem shall again be re-edified the sacrifices and Mosaical ceremonies restored and the Jewes themselves at length to be brought back again into their own Land that they may for ever observe and keep the Law of Moses The tenth Article needs no other explication then the Scripture comments The eleventh Article is concerning the reward due to good and evil works the reward of good deeds is the world to come and life eternal the punishment of evil the souls eternal destruction and damnation whereupon it is written Exod. 32. 32 33. Yet now if thou wilt for give their sin and if not blot me I pray thee out of the booke which thou hast written And the Lord said unto Moses he who hath sinned against me him will I blot out of my booke The twelfth Article is concerning the comming of the Messias whose comming is to be expected as certaine though he long delay it yea none ought or dare to prescribe unto him certain time any determinate time for his advent neither wil they suffer the holy Scriptures to be searched into that this sulness of time in which he should come may be made manifest Hereupon their Chachamim and Rabbins deeply grounded in the Jewes Religion were wont to say tippach ruchan schel mechaschebbe Kitzim I wish they may breath out their own souls who go about to set down the time of his approach They teach that our trust and confidence is to be settled on the Messias that he is to be loved praised and petitioned that he will come quickly even as all the Prophets from Moses to Malachi were wont to do when on the contrary whosoever doubts of his comming gives the whole Law the lie yea but the whole Law doth make the miserable poor and blinde Jew a Liar who doubting that he is not come believes he shall come when he is already come in which a plain and clear promise concerning this matter is enrolled especially in parascha The 13. Article is concerning the Resurrection of the dead of which there is nothing now to be spoken whosoever therefore faithfully believes these 13. Articles is accounted one of the number of the Israelites yea such an one who is to be loved whom every one ought to commiserate and unto whom he ought to perform whâ—â—soever God the Creator hath commanded to be done to a neighbour or brother out of Sincere love unfeigned affection and brotherly kindness yea they esteem him a man of that constitution that though he commit all the offences which in the world become the fewell to set a fire the whole course of Nature with burning lusts and consume it with inbred malice and therefore suffer punishment in this World according to the nature and measure of his sin yet shall he inherit eternal life being placed in the Kalender of the sinners of Israel Whosoever destroyes the foundation on which these Articles are built or commits a trespass against any one of them by his infidelity they affirm that he hath neither part nor portion in Israel that he hath denied his God is to be abhorred like a swinish Epicure because he hath rooted up that which was once implanted in him according to the most exquisite skill of the Artificer and therefore he deserves no other then to be rejected abandoned and perish utterly of such an one speaks the Prophet Psal 139. 21. Do I not hate them O Lord that hate thee and am I not grieved with those that rise up against thee Thus hitherto I have more at large expounded the genuine sense of the Jewish Creed out of Rabbi Moses the Son of Maimon more birefly written and nominated by the Jewish Synagogue Rambam with this intent that every one might more clearly perceive and know to what end this beliefe of the Jews was directed whose Articles if any with a more serious scrutiny into their own writings search and examine he may with great facility conclude that when Rambam had brought these Articles into order and with severe threanings of extirpation of the Jewish name and the losse of their souls enjoyning every one unto the confession of them to have had no other aimâ— then the overthrow of Christian Religion among the Jewes intending to put upon it the badge of falshood for making it hatefull unto them he might for ever terrifie them from the imbracing of it Hence the Articles concerning God the Creator that he is one alone incorporeal and eternal hitherto muster up their forces that they condemning the Christian doctrine of the Trinity and Christs person might make it liable to contempt as though that we Christians by maintaining a Trinity did also infer a plurality of Gods or that Christ should not be God nor partake in his Fathers essence because it was his pleasure to assume our flesh in time not from eternity whereupon when hence it follows that he is no God it may serve for a necessary
consequence that he is not to be worshipped for this is due to God alone as the fifth Article affirmeth and God is only a Searcher of the hearts and so was not Christ as in the 11. Article In the same manner the 6 7 8 9. Articles are placed in a diametrical opposition to the Doctrine of Christ and the whole Gospel intimating that Christ was no true Prophet nor Teacher sent from Heaven because his Doctrine was not delivered unto him out of Gods own mouth as it was to Moses and that therefore our Saviour spake many things against the Law in his sayings to the People yea was not afraid to alter many parcels thereof which ought to have remained unchangeable Furthermore if it be true that man for the integrity of his life and tracing the way of Gods Commandements as also for his owne good deeds can merit life eternal and on the contrary for his evil works and ungodliness becOms the Heir of everlasting torments in what respect I pray thee doth the passion and death of Christ any whit availe us The wheele of time hath not travised many minutes since a certaine Jew did not blush to affirm to my face that he needed not any to satisfie for his sin that it is meet every Fox should give his own skin to the Currier to be pulled off and to suffer his own hairs to be plucked out at his pleasure The tenth Article therefore whereby we professe Christ to be our Redeemer is contrary to this assertion Besides this Rambam the rest of the Jewish Nation who had any knowledge of letters in all their Books and Writings have no other scope but to make the faith of a Christian the object of suspicion and contempt Amongst whom Rabbi Joseph Alba a Spaniard challengeth the first place who writ a little Book in the yeare of Christ 1425. entituled Sepher ikkarim in which he stoutly maintains the Jewish Creed for Orthodox and sends out at randome the fiery darts of a fiery disputation against that of the Christians His Arguments are grounded upon the main Principles of the Jewish belief First upon the unity of God Essence and hence he denies the Trinity as also the Godhead of Christ Secondly upon the Law of Moses which was delivered from heaven unto him by God himself with his own mouth whence he rejects the Doctrine of Christ and the New Testament consequently intimating that Christ was a false Prophet and not the Messias hence the main of the strife and Controversies between us and the lews lieth in these two points to wit that of the Trinity and this concerning Christs person Thirdly he establisheth his Positions upon the eternal reward of good works and the endlesse punishment of evil hence despising the death and passion of our Saviour which he underwent for the sins of mankind Of the same grain is that obscene and abominable Book entituled Nitzachon written by Rabbi Sipman whose lines are such that without all doubt he committed this Book to writing in the year of Christ 1459. as it was delivered unto him from the Devils own mouth This piece he composed to falsifie the four Evangelists out of which Sebastian Munster my Predecessour and Professour of the holy tongue in this University transcribed many parcels and confuted them in his Commentary upon Saint Matthews Gospel When therefore the hard hearted and hoodwinckt Jews did with might and main indeavour to denie the faith of Christians and to brand it with falshood they shipwrackt upon the Rocks of Superstition and that in such a measure that they utterly did disanull their faith in God neither have they any knowledge to believe aright although they proudly boast of a firm and perfect faith towards God the Creatour of heaven and earth who is one in Essence from Eternity and without end yet such a faith can never be gâ—aced with the Title of the true belief when as they know not God in whom so audaciously they pretend a confidence after that manner as he hath manifested himself in his word Now the Scriptures of Moses and the Prophets declare unto us the same God that the New Testament propounds though more darkly shewing that there is a Trinity in uniTy And an unity in Trinity to wit God the Father the Son and the Holy Ghost yet the Jews hot without great scandal denying this Attribute to the Creatâ—ur of heaven and earth it necessarily follows that they place no belief in the true God but rather by a stupid ignorance of him and his Essence become the very emblemes of Idolatry In that they affirm that whatsoever Moses or any other of the Prophets commit to writing was altogether orthodox and that their Text is neither to be augmented or diminished that Moses was a great and famous Prophet is an established truth yet we doubt not but their understanding was subject to a monstrous depravation in this their assertion For first of all they do not onely not believe what is written in Moses and the Prophets to be true but also do prefer the Expositions of their wise men and Rabbines upon the Law and other parcels of holy Writ before Moses and the Prophets yea they esteem more of the word of a Rabbine than of Moses furthermore they account the Traditions Statues and Ordinances not as additions to the Law but for the very Law it self which Moses received from the mouth of God and taught unto others yet did not put it in writing lest the Gentiles learning it also might put it in execution for without this Declaration Moses his Law can neither be understood nor performed as we shall more at large hereafter manifest That they perswade themselves that the Law was given with this condition that nothing of it should at any time be changed they grossely mistake the Ceremoniall Law signified Christ to come which whenby his incarnation he had fulfilled shortly after the holy Temple must kisse the ground and embrace the dust the City Jerusalem and the holy things are utterly destroyed the Jews banished their own Land and dispersed among the Gentiles that at last they might understand the time already come wherein there should be but one Shepherd and one Sheepfold and that seeing the Gentiles were entered into Communion with them in belief in God the Omnipotent Creatour of heaven and earth that they were also made partakers of the treasures of the Divine word and first delivered to the Jews Likewise their error is inexcusable in making Moses the greatest Prophet thence striving to annihilate the worth of our Saviour as one who is not worthy to loose the latchet of his Shooe but blasphemously terming him a lying Doctor Experience doth convince that in this thing many of the Jewes have the lie cast in their teeth by their own convicting conscience They believe aright that in Moses and other Prophets the Messias was promised but herein their understanding is miserably perverted that they yielding to
them speaks the Scriptue As the dayes of a Tree so shall be the dayes of my people that is as the Tree of life as the Chaldee renders it or as a Tree which indures for some hundreds of yeares doth not perish so my people shall remain for they who shall have a part in the resurrection at the comming of the Messias shall be so long lived as the Patriarchs from Adam to Noah So much Aben Ezra upon the place At that time they shall cherish and make themselves merry feasting their carkasses with that great fish Leviathan that huge bird Ziz and that monstrous Oxe Behemoth of which more particularly hereafter After this their jollity death the second time arrests them furnishing them with beds to sleep in till the last resurrection when they shall have an entrance into life eternal where they shall neither hunger nor thirst but be ever satiated with the beatifical vision of Gods glory and brightnesse In the first Book of Moses the 47. Chap. it is recorded of Jacob that when the time of his departure out of this Vale of tears approached he called his Sonne Joseph and entreated him not to bury him in Egypt but with his Fathers in the Land of Canaan Rabbi Salomon Jarchi upon these words saith that Jacob for three reasons would not be buried in the Land of Egypt The first was because he foresaw by the Spirit of Prophesie that in time to come store of lice should molest the Land of Egypt The second because the Israelites who died without the bounds of Canan could not rise again without a great deal of trouble being to be hurried into the â—andâ— of Promise by the hidden and deep vauâ—ts of the earth The third lest the Egyptians very prone unto Idolatry might make him the Idol which they would adore For the better understanding of this I mean here to insert what ever is written concerning it in the book called Tanchum which is an Exposition of the Law of Moles Rabbi Chelbo makes it a main question why the Patriarchs had so great a desire to be buried in the Land of Canan he gives himself a solution saying that they who shall dye in the â—andâ— of Promise shall riâ—s e first at the coming of the Messias Rabbi Hananiah confirms it and saith that whosoever dying is intombed in a strange Land shall dye a twofold death which is manifest out of the 26. chapter of Jeremy and the 6. verse where it is registred Thou Pashur and all thy family shall go into captivity thou shalt go to Babel there shalt thou dye and there be buried Hereupon Rabbi Simeon objects that that granted it must necessarily follow that all the Tzaddikim or just men should perish who were not interred in the Land of Canaan The answer is that God shall make certain caves and profound vaults in the earth by which they shall Be brought into the land of promise at their arâ—â—vall there God shall breath into them the breath of life and give them a share in the Resurrection as it is written I Will open your graves and cause you to come up out of your graves and bring you into the Land of Israel Rabbi Simeon Ben Levi saith that the Scripture speaketh expresly that God shall restore the Jews to Life upon the very instant of their return into their own Land the place he quoteth is Isa 12. v. 5. Thus saith the Lord God he that created the heavens and stretched them out he that spread forth the earth and that which cometh out of it he that giveth breath unto the people upon it and spirit to them that walk therein This is to be understood of them that shall be carried to Sion through the caves of the earth That also which is read in the Chaldee Targum upon the Canticles ought to be referred to this voâ—ntation the words are these Salomon the Prophet saith that when the dead shall arise the Mount Olivet shall cleave in the middle and all the Israelites who formerly departed this life shall issue out of it the just also who died in banishment prison or a strange Land being conveyed hither by hidden passages in the earth shall also apPear From hence we may easily conclude how beliooveful the Jews think it to return into their own Land and there be buried and so escape the turmoyle and trouble of so long a journey under so many deep rivers and rugged mountains and for this very end as I have heard out of the Jews own mouth many of their rich ones return into the Land of Canaan at this day This is that perfect firm and well grounded faith of the Jews in which they obstinately persevering make it the rock of their salvation though with great anxiety and despair Here we may see what they give to Moses and the rest of the Prophets and also what use these miserable men make of the holy Scriptures Such as their faith is such are also their works which they would seem to shape according to the strict rule of Gods commandements There profound Rabbins perswade this simple people the Jews that they of the Circumcision are Gods own chosen people who may easily fulfill not onely the morall Law comprehended in the Decalogue but the whole Law of Moses They divide the Law of Moses into six hundred and thirteen Precepts and again subdivide these into commanding and prohibiting Precepts the former according to their computation are two hundred to eight which number is according to the Rabbins anatomy equal to that of the members in mans body the prohibiting Precepts are three hundred sixty five just so many as there are dayes in the year or as it is registred in a book entituled Brand spiegel and printed at Cracovia in the Germane tongue and Hebrew character some fifteen years ago as there are veinâ— in mans body hence it shall come to passe that if a man in one of his members every day perform one of the Mandatory Precepts and omit that which the prohibiting Precept enjoyns him to avoid he shall with great facility every year and so to his dying day fulfill not onely the Decalogue but the whole Law of Moses this is that right ordering and keeping of their Laws here I may counsel Isaiah to make his complaint That the earth is defiled under the inhabitants thereof because they have transgressed the Laws changed the Ordinance broken the everlasting covenant for Saint Stephen should be stoned the second time if he were now alive and should reprove the Jews for this their adulterate worship saying You stiffenecked and uncircumcised in heart and ears you do alwayes resist the Holy Ghost as your fathers did so do ye who have recived the Law by the disposition of Angels and have not kept it c. The Rabbins hold on and say that men are onely bound to keep those six hundred and thirteen Precepts but the women are freed from the observation
of any of the first sort being onely tied to the observation of them which forbid something to be done They say also that there are some Preceps which are onely to be executed by them at certain times when their pleasure is and also others to which they are no way subject as Circumcision the office of the Priests and Levites and such like Sometimes they may not observe the Commandements because of their husbands to whom they acknowledge themselves to ow dutifull obedience who have power over them and oftentimes call them to the performance of other things than Gods Law yet never by compulsion If any one make a question to what the women are more particularly obliged the answer is that they are bound to the performance of sixty four of the prohibiting and thirty six of the Commanding precepts Thus do the Rabbins appoint their women their Task which they have not alwayes leasure to mannage because they are to keep the house play the Cook Laundresse and Nurse and are also forced to do what ever their husbands enjoin them yet for all this the number of the Precepts was not thought sufficient for the Rabbines have added seven more that the summe ariseth to six hundred and twenty according to the number of the Letters in the Hebrew Decalogue which number the Hebrew word Keter signifying a Crown comprehends for the three radicall Letters Caph Thau and Resch make up the number and certainty if there were any who could fulfill the whole Law of God he were worthy to wear the Crown of the whole world and needfull it is that the Law should be fulfilled for otherwise the world cannot subsist as their wise men would perswade us out of the words of Jeremy If my covenant had not been with day and night I had not made the earth for so is this place perverted after a swinish manner in the forenamed book Brand spigelium A Jew is as fit an Interpreter of the Scripture as a Sow to be an Husbandman as in rendring these words that unlesse the Law which they call Berith that is to say a covenant had been given I had not created the heaven and the earth and whatsoever now hath any existence it hath it from the observation of the Divine Law moreover say they whosoever keeps all these Commandements sets a Crown upon Gods own head and in lieu thereof God shall invest their forefronts with seven Crowns who doe celebrate his Coronation and shall make them heirs of the seven bed-chamber which are in the Garden of Para dise and he shall defend them from the seven infernall Mansions and they shall obtain seven heaven's and so many earths Hereupon it is recorded in that Tract of the Talmud entituled Joma that it was the opinion of Rabbi Eliezer that the world was created for the sake of one just man for it is written in the first book of Moses the first chap. v. 31. That God shallman that it was good and by this good thing is meant that good and just one as it is written Praise the just one because he is good and it necessarily follows out of the words of Moses above mentioned And God saw c. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or one just man which was Adam for at that instant there were no more in the earth Rabbi Chaia Bar Abha is of the same mind and Rabbi Jochanan confirms it out of the 25. verse of the 10. Chapter of Solomons Proverbs where it is written 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The righpeous is an everlasting foundation Moreover the wisest of their Doctors write that every vein in mans body is the souls pedagogue to instruct it what to avoid whereupon it shall be found that if any proves disobedient to such an admonition he shall be branded with this mark that he hath not one good vein in him Again all the members prick a man forward to the execution of that which is commanded him and in this manner the three hundred sixty five prohibitory precepts are observed and fulfilled Oâ—â—serable Jew what Chirurgion can prick that vein in thee whren hath any goodâ—nesse in it or extract from thee the smallest dram of blood which is not corrupt King Salomon in his Proverbs saith Keep my Commandements that thou mayest live that is thy veins and members shall become thy provocative unto goodnesse thou shalt live for ever and David the King in the 34. Psalm and the 21. verse promiseth He shall keep all thy bones so that not one of them shall be broken which is as if had said who keeps the commandements of the Lord his bones shall not be broken Thus the poore blind doting Jews are fallen into such a reprobate sense that they neither will nor can understand the essence of faith and good works but running headlong into their obstinate errours persist in their folly so that the words of Sophonie are now verified Her Prophets are light and treachchrous persons her Priests have polluted the Sanctuary they have done violence to the Law Truly any one would think that they ought to be ashamed of so gross ignorance by which they dilacerate the word of God in that manner as though they had not the least relish or spark of understanding in them for in the confirmation and declaration of their faith settled upon no foundation in the Exposition of the holy Scripture they seema as strangers and aliens to the word of God who had dreamed of it about some thousand years ago and now grope after it as the blind man gropeth the for wall in darkness I will not in this place add one word more concerning the Jewish beliefe and superstition considering that I shall speak more largely of it in the following Chapters yea more then they could wish should be revealed It is now seasonable and expedient to speak something of the cause of their blindness and obstinacy with which they are plagued especially in the reading of the Word of God It is apparent out the History of the Old Testament The Jews always have been so stiff necked that if once they fixed upon any opinion that no force of Argument could inforce them to relinquish it whereupon Moses and the rest of the Prophets so often reprehend them for which many of them were persecuted and put to death by the obstinate Jews who for this very cause are often in the new Testament termed the Murtherers and Butchers of the men of God When God had once chosen them for a peculiar people made a Covenant with them and for the confirmation of it had annexed unto it the seal of Circumcision as an external sign had delivered them out of the hands of their enemies brought them into a Land surpassing a others with great strength and a stretched out arme and also had given unto them by the hand of Moses a Law according to whose prescript they ought to frame their lives acknowledge God praise and exalt him
the womans delivery seven of them which were invited and many times some others also come to visit the mother of the child who have a great supper provided for Them which ended they roar and sing all the night over play at Cards and Dice and invent many unheard of fooleries The men drink themselves blind thinking by this means to solace the woman in child bed and comfort her against that sorrow and grief which might possesse her at the Circumcision of the infant as also lest some misfortune might happen unto her upon that night This is the ordinary custome but on the contrary many of the learned and godly sort pour out servent prayers perlwade him that is to circumcise the infant to sobricty that his hand may be steady while he is a doing his office 1. He that circumcâ—seth is called in the Hebrew Mohel who ought to be a Jâ—w 2. A man not a woman 3. One well exercised in cutting for otherwise the rich men among the Jews will not approve of him using this Proverb He shall not learn to cut another mans beard by shaving mine Such an one as is not skilfull in the art give mony to the poorer sort of the Jews that he may try his cunning by practising two or three times upon some of his children A man may easily distinguish the Mohel or him that câ—rcumciseth from another by his long nails pointed at the top The knife where with they cut off the foreSkin may be made of any thing which is apt to cut as stone glasse or wood but they commonly use knives made of iron much like to Barbâ—rs Rasours The rich ennammel their knives with golâ— and beâ—et them with Jewels They are accustomed to wash their children before they circumcise them and then to wrap them in their swadling clâ—uts that they may be cleanly in the time of Circumcision for otherwise it is not lawfull to say any prayer for them Hence if the child in the time of Circumcision through the vehemency of grief and tears beray himself he who circumciseth will not play the Priest and pray for him untill he be washed and swadled up in other linnen The ordinary time appointed for the Circumcision of the child is the eight day following the Nativity reckoning from the very moment of his Nativity and this computation commonly begins at the Sun rising yet notwithstanding for the most part they cut away the foreskin while it is yet morning and while the child is fasting because such plenty of blood will not issue from the child then as at other times Upon the eighth day all things necessary for Circumcision are graced with an early preparation First of all two chairs are brought into the room or one at least yet of such a latitude and bignesse that two may with ease sit in it which is also adorned with Tapestry and silken and velvet furniture and that according to every persons ability This is done either in the Synagogue or common School or in some private Conclave if it be done in the Synagogue then ought the Chair to be placed near unto the Ark anciently styled the Ark of the Covenant in which the book of the Law is kept for such a place is holy in esteem Then the Godfather of the child which is to be circumcised draws near and seats himself in the foresaid Chair the Mohel or he that is to circumcise the child being placed near unto him After them follow other of the Jews one of which with a loud voice gives warning that they should with all expedition bring the things requisite for the Circumcision of the infant the SuMmons ended some certain youths hasten to the place one of them carrying a great Candlesticks In which are twelve wax lights burning to represent the twelve Tribes of Israel next in order unto these come two other boys carrying two Goblets full of Claret wine another brings the knife wherewith the child is to be circumcised another one Bason full of sand and a third another filled with the oyl of Baâ—some in which are sleeped some Linnen rags which the Mohel applyes to the sore of the newly circumcised infant These drawing near the Mohel cast themselves into a certain ring or circle that they may better see and learn his cunning These places the youths purchase with mony some others also there be that flock thither with odours and sweeet meaâ—s made by the Art of the Apothecary with strong and delicious wine Carrawaies Cinnamon and such like that they may comfort and refresh the Father or Godfather or any other of the assistants so be it that any of them should fall into a swound by some conceived grief for the cutting off the foreskin All things thus in a readinesse the Godfather of the child placeth himself in one of the forementioned chairs or if there be but one in the one part thereof opposite to him sits the Mohel and sings that Song registred in the second book of Moses which the Israeliâ—es sung when they had passed through the Red sea with many more oF The same sort then the women bring the infant to the gate when the whole Congregation rising up the Godfather goes and takes the child from them sitting down with him in his seat again saying BarUch habba that is Blessed is he that cometh this word habha hath in it somewhat Cabalistical the Letters whereof He Beth Aleph in numeration make eight so that the mystery must be this Blessed is he that comes the eight day to be cirrcumcised They have also a certain abbreviation or word every Letter of which notes another word which is this Hinne ba Eliahu Behold Elijah cometh who is called the Angel of the Covenant which thing the Jews conceiting are of opinion that Elias comes with the Child seats himself in the empty Chair to see whether they rightly observe and keep the covenant of Circumcision as it is written The Messenger of the Covenant whom you seek behold he shall come saith the Lord of Hosts forwhen at a certain time the children of Israel were prohibited to make their sons Jews or to cuâ—away the foresk in of their flesh then Elijah the Prophet plunged in sorrow hid himself in a certain Cave where he purposed to end his dayes Then the Lord spake unto him and said What doest thou here Elijah who answered I have been very zealous for the Lord of Hosts for the children of Israel have forsaken thy Covenant that is the Covenant of Circumcision Then God promised Elijah that he should alwayes be present from thenceforth at the Circumcision of every male that he might know that the children of Israel would no more forsake the Covenant but perform it according to every circumstance thereof as it is written The Angel of the Covenant shall come So soon as Elias his chaire is brought into the room then are they bound to say in expresse terms This seat is provided
may see and witnesse that she washeth her self according as she ought It is dangerous in their account to send for a Christian woman for in such an one they dare not put confidence Though it be winter time yet ought these washings to be performed in cold water yea though it be hard frost yet if in any place they can claim custome it may be lawfull for them to intermingle cold water and hot or if there be any hot baths as there is in many Countries into these the women may lawfully enter and wash themselves Who desires to know any more concerning this matter let him peruse a certain little book written in the Germane tongue and Hebrew Character called Franwen Buchlein or the book of women which because it contains a brief description of their conditions his palate may there find wished content and a plenary satisfaction In the next place we are opportunely invited to look into the manner how the first born is redeemed out of the hand of the Priest That son which the mother in time past brought forth according to Moses Law was holy unto the Lord and ought to be redeemed from the hand of the Priest as it is written Whatsoever openeth the Matrix is mine all the first born of thy sons thou shalt redeem and in imitation of their ancestors the Jews do redeem their first born the manner of the redemption followeth The one and thirtieth day following the Nativity of the child his father sends for the Cohen or Priest as also many other good friends to accompany him before whom he sets the Infant upon a Table and layes down beside him a certain sum of mony or so much goods as can equalise it in value which is the quantity of two Florens of Gold then he saith unto the Priest my wife hath brought forth her first begotten son and the Law requires that I should present him unto thee then the Cohen or Priest answering saith Dost thou give this thy son and leave him unto me To whom the Father shall reply yes upon this the Priest asks his Mother whether she ever had a child before that time or if at any time she proved abortive if the mother say no then the Priest questions the Father which of the two be dearer unto him his first born or his mony then the Father answers that he esteems his first-born babe above all riches in the world then the Priest taking the money and laying it upon the Infants head saith this is thy first begotten son whom the Lord would have redeemed as it is written And those that are to be redeemed from a moneth old thou shalt redeem according to thy estimation for the money of five shekels after the shekel of the Sanctuary which is twenty gerahs Then turning himself unto the child he saith when thou wast in the womb of thy mother thou wast then in the power of thy heavenly Father and they earthly Parents but now thou art in my hand and power who am the Priest thy father and mother desire to redeem thee because thou art the first begotten and holy unto the Lord as it is written Sanctifie unto me all the first-born among the children of Israel that first openeth the womb as well of man as of beast for it is mine Now this mony shall serve in thy stead and be thy redemption seeing thou art the first-born and this shall be given unto the Priest If I have redeemed thee as I ought then shalt thou ' be redeemed if I have failed in the peâ—formance of my office notwithstanding thou being redeemed according to the Law and after the manner of the Jews shalt grow up in the fear of God to Matrimony and the practise of good works Amen If the father chance to die before the one and thirtieth day after the childs Nativity be fully come then the mother is not bound to redeem her child and therefore she puts a scroll or plaâ—e of gold about his neck in which it is written This is the first-born son but not redeemed the son himself being bound to redeem himself out of the hands of the Priest when he shall come to full age Before I conclude this Chapter I will relate a certain History which is recorded in the Gemurah or Talmud concerning a certain stranger or proselyte who by a miraculous kind of Circumcision obtained an inheritance in the other World and departed this a good Jew A certain King of Rome as we read in tract de idolatria c. 1. was sometimes an heavy friend unto the Jews and desiring utterly to put out their name from under heaven and to banish them his Kingdome he calls his counsell and thus bespeaks them suppose a man â—aith he hath an old ulcer in his body in which the â—lesh doth putriâ—ie whether will he chuse to cut away the rotten flesh to regain his health or suffer it to remain there still to his perpetuall grief and torment These thingâ— spoke the King against the jews who had for long time sojouâ—ned in his Kingdome and grievously molested his Subjects One of the Councel by name Ketijah hearing the Kings words and perceiving whether they tended made answer Adoni which is to say my Lord thou art not able to destroy or banish the Jews for of them it is written Ho ho come forth and flie from the Land of the North saith the Lord for I have spread you abroad as the four winds of the heaven saith the Lord that is the world may even as possibly subsist and be without winds as without the Jews wherefore thou canst not banish the Jews out of thy Realm and if thou couldest prevail so much as to bring it to passe the common voice of the whole world would proclaim thee being brought to extreme poverty for a tyrannicall King Upon these words the King answered thou hast said that which is right and now seeing it is enacted that whosoever overcomes the King in his answer shall be buried quick in a heap of sand that there he may be choakeda and perish thou who hast put me to a non plus which is a scandall to my person and set at naught and vilified my Kingdome shall taste of the appointed punishment When he was carried away to the place of execution there was a certain Matron seen in Rome of an excellent portraiture crying out Wo unto that ship which is about to strike sail the Custome unpayed by which words the Matron intimated thus much that Ketijah who was ready to suffer death in the Jews cause and so consequently to obtain eternall life in another world had not as yet payed his toll money that is was not made a Jew by Circumcision Upon the instant of this vociferation some say that he snatched a knife and cut off his own foreskin others that he burning with too ardent zeal catched hold of his foreskin bit it off with his teeth and then with
from my bed to rest that I may tender my service and do homage to the King of Kings who hath given me life and nourishment and doth defend me against all mine enemies of what quality soever Whosoever hath in him any relish of godliness ought every morning to entertain the pangs of grief and sorrow for the Temple of Jerusalem praying that that Temple and City may with speed be re-edified And who before the Day star appear or the clouds of night he dispeld by the Suns approach ere that he forsake his pillow shall wash his couch with tears for the desolations of the Temple of Jerusalem and the long captivity shall gain this much that God being mercifull unto him shall not suffer his prayer to be deprived of audience In Maseches Sanedrin the Rabbines upon those words in the Lamentations of Jeremy She weeps in the night without any intermission of weeping dispute and say that if any hear the voice of one weeping upon the night it is so intermixt with the Gall of bitternessi that he must of necessity second the mourner in his dolesull notes The very same which happened to Rabbi Gamaliel who upon the night time hearing the mournfull out cries of a certain woman for the death of her son counted his life bitter unto him and bare a part with her weeping most bitterly Rabbi Jochanan saith that when any one doth lament upon the night time the fixed stars and Planets condole with him Their Chachamim write that he who weepeth ought to let his tears find a current through the narrow â—hâ—ud gates of his eyes because then God will arise and gather them into his bottle And then if there chaâ—ce to be a promulgation of any decree by the enemies of Israel to destroy them God shall remember these godly men who shed â—ears in abundance shall take these boâ—tles full of them pouring them upon and blotting out the hand-writing that was against them that no evil may befall the Jews Hereupon the Prophet David Thou tellest my flittings and putst my tears into thy bottle are not these things written in thy booke By these words David would specifie thus much that God pours out the Vâ—ols of tears upon the writings or books put out against the Jews and so defaceth them that they become canceâ—'d and of no force To the same purpose he speaks in another place He that soweth in tears shall reap in joy The Author of the Book Reschith Chochmah in the 111 pag. saith that he received it by tradition from his Elders that it is very soveraign for a man to sprinkle tears upon his brow and to rub them in because there are some sins written in his brow which by this means may be blotted out according to the words of the Prophet saying Thou shalt set the letter Thau upon the foreheads of the men c. The Cabbalists write that if any have a desire to list up his prayer unto that holy and blessed God that he would vouchsafe to deliver the Jews out of their long continued bondage he ought to do it when it begins to dawn that he ought to weep heartily and send forth strong cries so shall his words enter into the ears of the Lord of Hosts and then chiefly because there is nothing which may disturb him in his prayers none also found who shall move his tongue against the children of Israel We find it recorded by Jeremy The Lord shall roar from on high and utter his voice from his holy habitation The Lord roars in the morning upon his beauty The beauty of the Lord is the Temple of Jerusalem and that is holy which as he hath permitted to be destroyed so is it his pleasure that it shall be built again and that he may be warned unto the enterprise he will be early intreated Hence David saith My voice thou shalt hear betimes O Lord early in the morning I wil direct my prayer unto thee and will look up In the morning that is when it begins to be day I will go into thy house he will not do the same upon the night because in the beginning of the night God causeth all the Gates of Heaven to be shut up and the Angels sit as Porters and are silent God sends away the evil spirits into the world who hurt every one they meet The middle of the night being past a great cry is heard in Heaven and it is commanded that they should set open the Gates the day now approaching to this end that none might wait too long This cry is heard by the houshold Cocks here upon earth who clapping their wings with a shril voice awake us mortals Then these evil spirits lose all their power so that they cannot do any more annoyance for which cause the Rabbines have ordained a certain thanksgiving which they whould have repeated in them morning by them that hear the Cock crow saying Blessed be thou O God who art Lord of the whole world that thou hast given understanding to the Cock To be briefe whosoever fears the Lord wheresoever he live needs not the Cock to awake him He that alwayes in aw the Lord doth keep Needs not to be awaked of his sleep Moreover it is the will of the Chachamim that non presume to raise himself up in his bed or sitting up therin to put on his shirt being naked but lying still should strive to wind himselfe into it with his hands and head lest the wals and beams of the house might behold the secret parts of his naked body Rabbi Jose boasts in Masseches Schabbas Thus long have I lived and yet the beams of the house did never see the hem of my shirt thereby signifying that he never invested himselfe therewith being naked but lying hid in his bed Hereupon it is a position of their grand Sophies that none ought to put on his coat being naked much less is it permitted that he should walk or stand naked in his bedchamber For suppose any sudden fire or some great tumult might arise whose rarity might so affright him that he should run naked out of his bed-chamber with what a countenance can such a one shew himself It is not also lawfull for any one being naked to make water by his bed side for of such men the Prophet Amos speaketh saying They sleep in beds of Ivory and stretch themselves upon their Couches The Hebrew word Seruchim which signifies to stretch out the Rabbines translate to be resolved into stinking matter as they expound the same Jer. 49. 7. upon which place R. Jose the son of Chaninâ— saith these are they who stand naked before their beds No man ought thus to think with himselfe It is dark I am in my Closet no eye sees me I say every one ought with all diligence to abstain from such cogitations for Gods holy Majesty is above all and present in every place The whole earth is full of
upon the knot of the Phylacteries for the hands that the name of God Schaddai might be artificially expressed How that four square piece of leather may be so framed and fashioned that in forme it shall represent a Bridge and such like they affirm to have had the original plat-form from Moses who learned it upon Mount Sinai and taught it to the people of Israel after his descent from thence for so much is testified by the Talmudist upon those words of Moses After that I will remove my hand and thou shalt see my back parts but my face shall not be seen and Rabbi Chamma the son of Bitzna affirms it to be the position of Rabbi Chasda that Moses was taught by God himselfe how to make and bind on the Phylacteries Lastly least we should omit the time of their morning Prayer I will only relate one story and that worthy credit out of the Talmud conducible to the matter now in hand and that by reason of a certain miracle of which kind one was formerly registred concerning the Fringes It is written in Masseches Schabbas that these were the words of Rabbi Janna that whosoever had a desire to put on the Phylacteries ought to have as clean a body as Elisha Baal Cappajim or Elisha with wings had And why I pray you is he named Elisha with wings the answer in the Gemara is shaped according to this fashion Upon a certain time the Roman Emperor published a most severe Edict that any Jew should not wear any Phylacteries and that upon pain of losing his head now in ancient times the Jews were accustomed to bind their Phylacterie◠upon their foreheads all the day long To proceed this Elisha being a man of undanted courage and little esteeming the Roman Edict never ceased to tie these parchments about his head But upon a certain time being conscious that the Apparitor saw him he tooke him to his heels and without any delay snatching the Phylacteries from his head hid them in his hand The Apparitor apprehendding him would needs know what he carried in his hand He answered I carry Doves wings then said the Apparitor either let me see them or else thou diest for it whereupon Elisha opened his hands and it was even so as he had spoken and from this very action was he called Elisha with the wings But what reason may be pretended that Elisha should say that he carried Doves wings rather then the wings of a Stork or a Crow or some other bird The Gemara gives this answer saying that the Israelites are like nnto a Dove for as the Dove hath all her strength in her wings with which she doth fortifie and defend her selfe against all other birds of what kind soever being not accustomed to use bill feet or any other member in maintenance of the quarrell so the Israelites also are wont to do for their wings are the Commandements of God which do manage and support them against all evil that there is no possibility of suffering any harme from other Nations This Query is also answered in this maner that as the wings of Doves are more auxiliatory unto them then those of any other bird nnto it for the Dove wearied in flight resting on the one wing flies with the other but other birds in the same case are forced to light upon some tree or rock or upon the earth so the Israelites suffring great persecution for some one of the Commandements by reason where of they cannot fulfill it they fulfill the rest by the merit where of they have help and a strong tower of defence against all their enemies therefore it shal come to pass that if any one do with all diligence observe and keep the Commandements he shall not come within the lists of any evil project but shall in a wonderfull manner be delivered from all his enemies as this winged and penfeatherd Elisha was delivered from the Apparitor who threatned him with cruel death as many of the Rabbines have avouthed being certified of the truth thereof by their toothless Grandames and hereupon have not feared to insert it into the Talmud CHAP. V. Of the form of the Morning Prayer of the Jews and how they behave themselves in their Schoole or Synagogue IT was formerly declared that the Sun-rising was the most fit time for Prayer yet lest the exercise hereof should be omitted by the too too earlines of the time appointed the Rabbines have stretch it upon the tenter-hooks of a dispensation even to the the third hour of the day which is the ninth with us if my Arithmetick fail me not Wheresoever then there are many Jews inhabiting in the same place as at Worms Mentz Frankeford upon the Moene Fridberg in Moravia Bohemia Poland and the territories of the Rutheni and other places where they have Schools and Synagogues for so they call their Temples they always are accustomed to meet together for to pray at the ordinary time appointed and to perform this holy exercise according to the institution thereof set down in their own books which we will shew with the greater brevity seeeing we have been somewhat more prolix in the former Chapter When the Jews are dressed Capa Pee and have washed and cleansed themselves within and without put on their fringed Garments and all this betimes in the morning then arè they not sluggish and slothfull but without delay depart with great speed and alaerity and hasten unto the Synagogue as though they were about to enter some Conflict as the Prophet David hath recorded We will go unto the house of the Lord as though we were to besiege a City for in this manner they interpret the words of the Prophet that is to say we will run into the house of the Lord as though our enemies were following us in flight Rabbi Jona saith in Masseches Berachos that whosoever hath a desire to go into the Synagogue must foot it with expedition Hereupon the Prophet Hosee saith We shall know him and hunt after him for so the Jews render the words of the Prophet that we may follow on to know the Lord that is to say we ought to be pressed and ready as these who follow the chase When any earthly King doth injoyn his Councel and others of his Court that they should appeare before him very early in some place which it shall please His Majesty to designe for the Conventicle then he of purpose rising betimes out of his bed to see whether his Counsellors be diligent and watchfull in the performance of his Command whomsoever he finds first in the place appointed he converses with him in a friendly familiarity yea and vouchsafeth that he shall from thenceforth be his Favourite God is like to such a King for his will and pleasure is that the whole Congregation of Israel should timely appear in the Synagogue and presenting them selves before his face should certifie him in their prayers
churlish Oxe and for fear of him to cease praying til he be gone and past It is not lawfull for him that prayeth to touch his naked body with his hands yet may be touch his hands and neck If in this time he be so necessitated as to scratch his body he must do it upon the garments He that prays must move his whole body hither and thither as it is written All my bones shall say O Lord who is like unto thee The Chanter also of the Synagogue in the time of divine Service ought to pray standing in some hollow low deep place and to read the Prayer distinctly and with as loud a voice as he can possible I have seen with mine eys the Reader fall down upon his knees before the Pulpit because in that place the earth was level and not one place lower then another and to have said Prayers with as shill a voice as he could have done from an higher seat These Prayers they pour out of a collected narrow heart chiefly to this end that they may obtain the remission of their sins and that according to the example of David saying Out of the depth have I called unto thee O Lord and finally which is the perfection of all every one ought to labour with all his strength to answer Amen at the end of every prayer Hence it is written in the Booke Tanchuma that it was the saying of Rabbi Jehuda that whosoever saith Amen in this world shall bee accounted worthy to say Amen in the world to come hence is that of King David Blessed be the Lord God of Israel Amen Amen By which double Amen he notes unto us that one Amen is to be said in this world another in that which is to come The wisest among the Jews say that whosoever shall say Amen with great attention shall bring to pass that thereby their redemption shall appoach with all speed and suddenly be accomplished How I pray you when Amen is pronounced after the manner that it ought to be then God shakes his head and saith Wo unto those children who are banised from their Fathers Table And how much comfort is it to a Father thus to be praised of his children thereupon God begins to think of the deliverance of his people out of their captivity and that he ought not to do otherwise for though he hath put and exiled them out of his sight for their sins yet he suffers with them and the grief of his children vexeth him at the heart Upon which Rabbi Juda hath this simily Even as a Mother having a Daughter who is immodest and disobedient who also hath been got with child by some or other casts her out of her doors for her unchast life and useth much unmerciful carriage towards her yet in the hour of child-birth she suffers and laments with her after a wonderful manner even so God hath sent us into banishment for our sins yet having compassion he will redeem us when we seriously pray unto him It was formerly noted that they ought every day to run over a whole century of prayers and thanksgivings and this they very magisterially demonstrate and that with great subtilty and after the Cabalistical manner and first of all out of those words of Moses Now therefore O Israel hear what the Lord God requireth of thee Here the Rabbines read not the words according to the original Maâ— schoel which is what the Lord requires but Meah schoel that is to say The Lord requires an hundred so that Moses intent in this place was no other then if he had said God every day requires of thee an hundred Prayers But out of what puddle did these skilfull Fishers the Cabalists angle out this exposition the answer is First Moses insinuated so much unto us by putting an hundred letters in this very verse Secondly it is demonstrate by a secret of the Kabala by which is made a certain transposition of the Letters to wit when the first letter of the Alphabet is put in the place of the last and that which is immediatly before the last is put in the place of the second which kind of change the Cabalists cal Athbasch that is when Thau Aleph Beth and Schin are mutually changed one for another So by the benefit of this secret there comeâ— two letters in the place of Mem and He which make the word Mah above mentioned which are Tzadâ— and Jod which in computation make an hundred Thirdly it is read in the Talmud that David appointed these hundred prayers at that time when there dayly died in Israel an hundred men for which cause these hundred petitions are dayly to be repeated This is also evidently proved out of those words which we find thus written in the second Book of Samuel David the son of Ishai saith even the man who was sâ—t up on high the annointed of the God of Jacob and the sweet singer of Israel The man Hukam al der hocherhoben ist for so the Vulgar German â—enders it for Hukam properly signifies one that is exalted Al hight according then to the Cabalistical mysterious Art the letters of the word Al being Lamed and Ajin make in number an hundred and the meaning must be this the man saith by whom these hundred laudatory Petitions were erected and instituted This Interpretation was taken out of the artificial archives of the Jewish Theology into which no Christian may enter Many more such shal hereafter be produced which is the reason that I will trouble the Reader with no more in this place but proceed to declare the carriage of the Jews at home after their return from the Synagogue I will conclude all with the saying of the Prophet Esay When you shall stretch out your hands I will hide mine eyes from you and though you make many Prayers I will not hear for your hands are full of blood Again in another place Your iniquities havâ— seperated betwixt you and your God and your sins have hid his face from you that he wil not hear for your hands are defiled with blood and your fingers with iniquity your liâ—â— have spoken lies and your tongue hath murmured iniquity CHAP. VI. How the Jewes after morning prayer behave themselves and prepare themselves to dinner BEfore the men returne home from the Synagogue their wives have swept and made the house very neat and cleanly lest their husbands eies should fasten upon any object which might molest and disturbe them in their pious meditations because these are as yet erected to God who keeps his residence in the highest Heavens Now if every man returning to his own house findes every thing in a decent order then his understanding remains pure and his mind untroubled but if he finde the contrary his understanding becomes muddy and perplext A wife that is honest indeed laies her husband a book upon the table which is either the Pentateâ—ch or some reprehensory
and nourished they ought first to serve them before they presume to sit downe to table as Rabbi Juda in the Talmud hath taught and commanded grounding upon those words I will send grasse in thy fields for thy cattell that thou maiest eat and bèe full For there the Law in the first place making mention of Cattell gives us to understand that a man ought first to shew mercy and care for the soule of his beast then to refresh himselfe that in so doing his meat may be wholsome unto him and he by feeding thereupon may be full In the book called Sepher Mitznos Naschim or the booke of womens conditions it is registred to be the dutie of women presently after the ending of morning prayer to fodder their Cattell yea before they take their children out of bed and put on their clothes because it is written A righteous man regardeth the life of his beast but the tender mercies of the wicked are cruell Therefore if the good wife of the house doe earely feed her flock she gaines from thence a name graced with the addition of just and honest It is read in the same place that it is good and praise-worthy to breed up young Cattell in the house because the stars and celestiall planets doe often prognosticate by their aspects some misfortune about to happen unto the Master or Mistrisse of the family Now if in the mean time the husband or wife have been pious in the distribution of almes and done many good workes of the same nature then the Lord chiefe Chancel our some Angell is hereby understood who is overseer of the good deeds of men here on earth presently enroles them in his table-book by which means they come unto the fight of the Almighty unto whom the foresaid publike notary delivers this petition O Lord of the whole universe avert the unfortunate influence of the starres from this man and his fimily for they have done these and these good works Then the misfortune seiseth upon some wicked person or other for the heaven being a naturall agent doth of necessity keep his course as it is written The righteous is delivered out of trouble and the wicked commeth in his stead If there be no ungodly sinner in the house then the influentiall miâ—chiefe lights upon the head of some of his Cattell This matter is too prolixe and cannot be comprehended by the shallow capacity of many women It is necessary that before any presume to set downe to dinner he should go and unload his belly in some secret place that he fall to his victuals with an empty stomack and purified body for if he come to the table with a full stomack he shall depart from it with a body stuft with diseases This the Jewish Doctors gather out of that verse bring forth the old because of the new Hence concluding that a man ought first to empty his stomacke of the meat formerly received before he take in any more It is also necessary that a man should wash his hands before he go to dinner to this end he ought to have fresh and clean water not that which is any way troubled and that is accounted for cleane water which hath not formerly been transferred to any other use that is accounted uncleane in which any kind of wine hath been cooled in the former time in which cups or drinking glasses have been washed or out of which hens or dogs have drunk Ordinarily the houshold servants wash first then the Mistrisse and last of all the Master of the family that he being cleane every whit may instantly beflow a blessing upon the creatures provided for their daily food and nourishment the form of which I will here after delineate Furthermore it is a position of the Rabbines that any Master of a family being exquisite in the performance of this ceremony which is as an usheting prologue to the filling of his paunch cannot come within the reach of any evill The hands being washed are to be cleanly wiped Hence it is recorded in the Talmud that Rabbi Ahbahu was wont to affirm that whosoever eates his bread with wet and undried hands his fact is no lesse hainous then if he had eaten that bread which by the law was accounted uncleane unto the Israelites as it is written So shall the children of Israel eate their defiled bread among the Gentiles whither I will cast them In the Originall the words signifying defiled bread are lachmam Tame which comprehend according to the Hebrew Cabbalisticall computation 168. Which number the letters of these three words Belo Niggubh Jadaiim doe likewise specifie which do signify being construed without the washing of the hands So then the Cabbalisticall meaning must bee this The Israelites shall eate their bread with unwashen hands that is they shall eat it defiled Rabbi Jose saith that whosoever eates bread with unwashen hands commits as grievous a sinne as if he had laien with a whore And this he sifts out of those words of Solomon For a whorish woman a man shall be brought to a morsell of bread This then is so slrictly observed of the Jews both before and after meat that you shal not sind one amongst a million that is forgetfull or negligent in the performance thereof yea so curious are they therein that when they wash they will not suffer a ring to stay on their finger left some filth might be sheltered under the same and the observation of drawing off the ring is so accurate that he who in time of washing doth not draw it off is accounted as unclean as if he had not washed at all It is written in the Talmud that Rabbi Akibha was once for a long time imprisoned by the Gentiles or Christians To whom Rabbi Jehoshua Garsites brought every day so much water as might serve for to quench his thirst and wash his hands At a certaine time the keeper of the prison tooke the water from him and poured halfe thereof upon the ground which Rabbi Akibha seeing and perceiving that there was not water sufficient said unto Rubbi Jehoshua reach me the water that I may wash my hands who replyed Sir here is not enough for you to drink Rabbi Akibha answeres whosoever eates meate with unwashen hands is guilty of death It is better therefore that I should dye by thirst then that I should despise and set nothing by the traditions of my Ancestours There is also another story in the Talmud to this purpose Rabbi Meir Rabbi Josa Rabbi Juda upon a certaine time were travelling together and comming to a certaine Inne where mine Osle was a Jew they required lodging for the Sabbath drew on when it is not lawfull for the Jewes to travell Rabbi Meir asked the In-keeper what his name was who answered and said his name was Kiddori Whereupon Rabbi Meir began to think with himselfe that his Oste must needes be a wicked man who had such an ill
holinesse to the Lord. Then the sexton goes about and cries who will buy Gelilah etz chajim which is a certaine kinde of office which any supplying is licenced to tosse over the booke of the Law by a serious revisall Which office is granted unto him who will give the most money for it which is put into the poore mans box and chested up for their reliefe Those pieces of wood by the helpe whereof the booke of the Law is carryed up and downe are called by them etz chaijm the wood of life to which that sentence of Solomon was Godfather Wisdome is the tree of life to them thâ—t lay hold on it Gelilah signifies a folding intimating what things may be observed in the folding and unfolding of the book When the Chanter takes this holy booke out of the Arke then he goes into the pulpit where he reads out of the same these words following It came to passe when the Aâ—ke was set forth that Moses said Rise up O Lord and let thine enemies be scattered and let them that hate thee flee before thee Againe Many people shall goe and say come yee and let us goe up to the mountaine of the Lord to the house of the God of Jacob and he will teach us of his waies and we will walke in his pathes for out of Sion shall goe forth the Law and the word of the Lord from Jerusalem The Chanter when he begins to sing laying the book upon his arme saith O praise the Lord with me and let us magnifie his name together To which the whole congregation makes this answer O magnifie the Lord our God and fall down before his foot stool for he is holy O magnifie the Lord our God and worship him upon his holy hil for the Lord our God is holy Directly above that four square structure is placed a certain table covered with a silken Carpet upon which the Chasan or Chanter laies down the book of the Law Then comes he who is to purchase the Office of Gelilah with his money taking away and devesting the booke of its formerly in wrapping garments which finished the Chasan and the other who was to buy his place calling one out of the whole congregation and commanding his personall appearance in his fathers name and his own he approaching the presence seats himselfe in the middle kisses the book not upon the bare leaves of the same for this were an hainous offence but through the swadling cloutes thereof and grasping the cover thereof saies with a loud voice praise the Lord c. Blessed be thou O God who hast chosen us unto thy selfe before all other nations of the earth and hast given us thy Law Blessed be thou O God the Law giver Now the Jew perswades himselfe that his lot is fallen unto him in a fair ground seeing he hath seen and handled the tree of life and therefore becomes blessed above all other people In the next place the minister reades a chapter or section out of the Bible which ended he who was formerly summoned to appeare takes the book the second time and kisseth it saying Blessed be thou O God who hast given us the very law and implanted unto us eternall life Blessed be thou the Law-giver After this two more are successively called whose behaviour is squared according to the platforme of the formers carriage He that came first in goes out by another doore then that which afforded him entrance After these another is cited who ought to have a well brawned arme for hee must lift up the book at armes end and turning round must expose it to the view of every spectator the whole congregation in the mean season bellowing ouâ— This is the law which Moses gave to the Israelites This Office is named Hagbahah and is sold to him for money who bids most While the match is in making those brawling scolds the women presse into the Synagogue with a great deale of quarrelling and much opposition every one striving to gain a place in some window or other where they may be blessed with the sight of such an holy booke thinking to reape some pleasure by the sole beholding of it seeing their lips cannot bee allowed to second their husbands in billing of it The women have a peculiar Synagogue of their owne differenced from that of their husbands with latticed and cross-barred windowes Concerning which much is spoken in the Talmud and an evident demonstration there of is given by the Prophet Zachary in these words The land shall mourne every family apart the family of the house of David apart and their wives apart the family of the house of Nathan apart and their wives apart The family of the house of Levi apart and their wives apart The family of Shimei apart and their wives apart All the families that remaine every family apart and their wives apart Whence they conclude that the men and women are not to come into the same Sinagogue in the time of divine service and that for modesty and honesties sake seeing not only women but men likewise are apt and inclineable to fall into divers lustfull cogitations when they are in the same place together If the Jew who reades the Law chance to stumble and let the booke fall out of his hand he is bound to fast and all the rest also for a long time together seeing this accident presageth some great calamity to come upon them At length come they who have purchased the Gelilah and etz chajim the one of them touching the wooden cover of the booke folding it up great experience is required in this case the other administers the linnen clothes in which it ought to be inwrapped and its silver-twisted coat involving all the rest Then comes every one in the Synagogue both young and old and kisses the booke touching it only with two fingers with which they afterwards handle their face which action relishing of a supreme sanctity is held for a soveraigne medicine against blindnesse and all diseases incident to the eie While the booke is carryed to the Arke the Chanter sings praise the name of the Lord for the name of this our God is of great power and strength The congregation answereth and saith His praise is above heaven and earth he hath exalted the horne of his peculiar people to the praise of all his saints Yea the Israelites being a folke most neare unto him praise yee the Lord. When the book is laid in the Arke the people say or sing those words of Moses used by him when the Arke rested Returne O Lord unto the many thousands of Israel Then they conclude all saying as was formerly noted at their going out of the Synagogue O Lord lead me in thy justice because of mine enemies make my way plaine before thy face The Lord shall keep my going out and comming in from this time forth for evermore These words they repeate also when they goe out
the bread to be covered in remembrance of the Manna For first of all a certaine dew fell in the desart after that the Manna and then another dew between which two it lay hid as between two napkins And so the bread upon the Jewes table lyes between two linnen clothes Hence it is that the women make minced pies or boile some other thing like unto it which they eat instead of Manna for their minced pye hath a certaine lumpe for its bottom and in the middle it is stuft with flesh above also it hath a certain cover made like unto Manna The reason why they take two loaves is in remembrance of the Manna whereof they gathered in times past two measures full upon every Friday according to that which is written And it came to passe that on the sixt day they gathered twice as much bread Briefly of all things to be done by us in this world an especiall care is to bee had of our bodies upon the Sabbath day which thing the holy Scripture so often commands us saying Thou shalt call the Sabbath Oneg a delight because wee ought to restrhaine our selves from no sort of pleasure upon the Sabbath day In the same manner speaks the holy Scrpture concerning festivals Thou shalt rejoice in thy feasts thou and thy sonne c. that all our actions may tend to Gods glory Eat and drinke therefore and be good unto thy selfe and remember to doe it in honour to the Sabbath Yet not thinking that hee may eat many delicates upon the Friday for the filling of his paunch especially if he be poor and cannot away with the cost for this should rather have a place in the Catalogue of sinnes then good workes seeing he should also thinke upon the Sabbath day that he should have no such cheare upon Sunday and so become sorrowfull at that time when he ought the most of all to be merry Al this also is summarily comprehended in a little book called Sepher hajirah teaching us how a Jew ought to lead his life in the feare of the Lord and is delivered by the Jewes themselves in the following verses Against the Sabbath ready thou shalt be To leave all worke that doth belong to thee Thy selfe for Sabbath do prepare its gaine Though many maids and servants thou maintaine The Sabbath equally in all precepts availeth Be of good cheare thinke as thee nought aileth Use neat apparell costly raiments weare For Sabbath of a bride the name doth beare Buy that is daintiest ' gainst the Sabbath's day Strictly observe its precepts every way Keep in good appetite the stomack thine Feed upon fish and flesh and healthy wine Dresse up thy bed in handsome fashion good Order thy table well set on thy food Bath wash and cleanse thy head trim up thy haire About thee never any thing do beare Sharpen thy knife fall stoutly to thy meate Cut off thy nailes fling them in fiery heate Speake blessing to thy wine cleanse hand and foot By this precept thou shalt doe good I wot Be of good mood of comfortable ease Refraine not from thy selfe wherein canst please Merry and withall joyfull shalt thou be As if thy workes all finish'd were by thee Remove thee fro all dumpes and pensivenesse Table and stools have in a readinesse Lay on cleane table cloth and napkins as 't is fit Hasten away your rost-meat from the spit Swill handsomely your cups and drinking glasses Put out of mind your once endured losses Buy the best bit thou find'st upon the Mart With wife and children make a merry heart One table once thus dressed gives thee three meales Talke nothing but of merry making tales c. There is also extant a certaine booke of theirs wherein are contained many graces used by them before and after meat as also upon the chiefe festivals throughout the whole yeare written in Hebrew and Teutonicke verse Amongst others there is one prayer which begins How lovely is thy rest O Lord c. Where it followeth In gallant suit thyselfe aray Blesse candle light so 't will in burning mend From all manner of working flye away On Fryday all thy works bring to an end Eat savoury fâ—shes goodly capons quailes Live delicately see that nothing failes Then against Even thy selfe thus recreate All manner of good things for thee provide Well-fatted beeves and such as likes thy pate From a good cup of spice'd wine doe not slide c. Item In all meeknesse thou shalt walke For of that the Law doth talke With meeknesse all thy lifetime shall be led When Sunne doth rise at leisure keep thy bed c. Item Linnen and silken rayment much is made of Honour'd they be that doe make their clothes thereof An holy day the Sabbath is Happy that keeps it not amisse Bring not your hearts to heavy mournfull courses Although much leannesse lodge within your purses Cheerfull you ought to be and without sorrow Although elsewhere your mony you do borrow Furnish your selves with wine with flesh and fishes Upon your table set three sorts of dishes A good reward for thee will then be hasting Here and in time to come for everlasting c Item Women your candles remember for to light With carefull heed observe this time aright Here of great profit you will make full quickly When great with child you shall come to be fickly If then fine cakes to bake you shall be skilfull At child birth you may play and laugh your wil-full And now lest any should account of these as poeticall figments and fables I will relate some pleasant histories out of the Talmud whereby you may have a plaine evident yea even miraculous demonstration that the pleasure and jocund life upon the Sabbath day is the chiefest honour In that tract of the Talmud entituled de Sabbatho These e words are registred as they came from the mouth of Rabbi Chaia I saith he was upon a time in Cyprus others say in Ladkia where I lodged with a certaine Katzubh or Butcher At the time of supper a table all of gold was brought in which sixteen men were scarce able to carry all the furniture and other necessaries upon the table were of gold the platters candlestickes salts cups and trenchers all of gold with a snmptuous variety of delicates an most excellent apples When the table was set before him he beginning to praise God said The earth is the Lords and the fulnesse thereof When the table was removed he againe singing praises unto God said The heaven is the Lords and the earth hath he given unto the children of men Then I spoke unto him and said Good Sir how came you to be so rich and what good thing have you done in all your life The Master of the houshold the Butcher I meane replyed I have been a Butcher all my life long and whensoever it was my chance to happen upon some choise fatling I alwaies reserved it for the celebration of
a certaine shadow upon the palme after this he stretcheth forth his hand the second time so that he may know by the candle light that his nailes are whiter then his fingers which he perceiving saith Blessed be thou O God our God King of the world who hast created such a resplendent candle Then he takes the cup againe into his left hand looking in the like manner upon the nailes thereof Then by and by he transfers the cup into the right hand and saith Blessed be thou O Lord our God King of the world who hast put a difference between the holy and unholy between light and darknesse between Israel and the Gentiles between the seventh day and the other six dayes of the weeke destinated for labour While hee is a repeating this prayer he poures a little of the wine out of the cup upon the earth Then he drinks a little of it himselfe reaching it unto others that they may sup of the same Amongst these nocturnall petitions there is one which begins Vaiehi Noam in which the letter zaijn is not found which signifies weapons whosoever therefore shall say this prayer with a devoâ—t minde hee shall bee safe and secure that whole night following from any kinde of weapon so that he shall neither be killed nor have the least scratch given him In the the like manner he shall besafe from the devill when he devoutly faith that prayer beginning Schema Israel Heare O Israel c. For the first verse begins with the letter Schin and ends with the letter Daleth which two joined together make Scheds which word signifies a Devill This distinction of the Sabbath they prove from those words that you may discern between the holy and profane and those Godseparated the light from the darknesse Some take of the consecrated wine and anoint their eies therewithall others wash their face in it thinking it a wholsome medicine against the fluxes of the eye others bath their arteries therewith because it is a meanes to length 〈◊〉 their dayes others sprinkle it in every corner of the hoâ—â—ri about the beds and cradles of infants dreaming that it is soveraign against enchantments and witchcraft The truth is this wine is of so high esteeme amongst them as that other also wherewith they initiate the Sabbath They smell the perfumes lest they should fall into a swoon while one of their soules departs out of the body For upon the Sabbathday they have another soule besides that which they live by at other times Concerning this matter Antonius Margarita in his booke of the faith of the Jewes writes in this manner It is written in the Jewish Talmud saith he that every man hath three soules and it is proved out of these following words of the Prophet Isaiah Thus saith the Lord who created the heaven and stretched it out who made the earth and whatsoever groweth thereon who giveth life and breath unto the inhabitants of it According to the letter of this text they find two soules in man to which if we add the naturall soule there ariseth three Whereupon they also write that two soules depart out of a man sleeping the one of which goes upward unto God to learne things to come the other goes downward into the earth and running to and fro contemplates nothing else but injustice sinne foolishnesse or vanity The third they call Ruach Behemoth the irreasonable soule which being the first of all received by man is seated neare unto his heart and sees all things whatsoever the other two soules in their absence from the body have heard seen or done and hence proceed and issue all our dreames which therefore are not alwaies to be contemned They say moreover that upon the Sabbath a man hath another soule besides these which enlarges his heart that he may keep the Sabbath more honourably and exhilarate himselfe in a higher straine of mirth then it were possible for him to doe if hee were destitute of the same But the Sabbath once being ended this soule departs and the man becomes weake thereupon against which his faintnesse hee may prosperously use these sweet smelling odours that the body may have wherewith to recover its former strength Hitherto Margarita but whence he had these words I cannot as yet finde Concerning this superfluous soule 〈◊〉 remember I have read this in the Talmud Rabbi Jose said 〈◊〉 the name of Rabbi Simeon who was the sonne of Jochai that all the commandements that God gave unto the Israelites he gave them in publike except the Sabbath which he gave in private as it is recorded The Sabbath shall be an everlasting signe between me and the children of Israel Where the Jewes by an everlasting signe would understand a secret token willing that the Sabbath should be hid from all other nations and onely manifested to the Jewes Therefore marke diligently Christian Reader how the Hebrew word leolam signifying everlasting any reasonable soule being judge must according to the Jewish interpretation signifie hidden and concealed Hence the Rabbines in their Gemarah ask the question that if the Christians and other people do not know that we have a Sabbath how comes it to passe that they in time to come shall be punished for the contempt of the Sabbath and for the not keeping thereof They make answer to themselves saying they know well enough that wee keep the Sabbath this is not hidden from their eyes and therefore they are to be punished because they will not keepe it But the reward due unto the observance thereof is hidden from them and this they know not yet if they would rightlly celebrate the Sabbath they should also know thereward But this is a thing impossible for them to put in execution seeing they are destitute of the superfluous soule because it being given to men rather upon that day then others and that more abundantly doth enlarge their hearts that in the time of the Sabbath they may take their rest with ease eat and drinke well and merrily and set all care and sorrow a packing from their breasts Hereupon Rabbi Simeon the sonne of Lakis affirmed that God gave this soule to man upon the Sabbath about eventide and tooke it from him again at the end of the Sabbath as it is written When he had taken rest evâ—n to satiety the Sabâ—ath remaining then was he deprived of his soule to wit the superfluous one Where againe note how neatly the Jewes interpret the holy Scriptures for the verbe jinnâ—phsch in that place is rendred by the Rabbines to want or bee deprived of a soule whereas it hath a clean contrary signification to cherish recollect recreate stirre up the spirits and most properly to breath which after the manner of men we ascribe unto God concerning whom it cannot be said nor understood that he hath lost a soule In this their blindnesse the Jewes blush not to place their chiefe wisdome and knowledge Concerning this superfluous soule Rabbi Abraham also
hath a most accurate dispute in his Madrasch or Exposition upon the Pentateuch which book is called Zeror hammor in English a bundle of Myrrhe Other interpreters in this place say thinking their opinion to be more plausible that the Jewes use to smell to the perfumes because the fire of hell the Sabbath yet lasting doth not stinke but so soon as the Sabbath is ended and the doores of hell set open that the soules of the wicked departed this life may enter againe into the place of torment then it begins to send out an ill savour against which the nosing of those odors are a present remedy as it is recorded in their Germane Minhagin They looke upon their nailes also because of their fruitfull growth which aâ—though they be alwaies cut upon the Friday yet notwithstanding they alwaies grow againe Others say that this is done in remembrance of that garment which God at the first made for Adam in paradise for it was of the colour of the nailes of a mans hand Others that all this is done to distinguish the nailes from the flesh which wonderfull consideration had its first originall from Adam Who when he saw the whole world wrapt up in darknesse weeping said Woe unto me for whose sinne alone the whole earth is darkned Then God suggested this into his mind that he should take two stones and strike the one against the otherpunc which he doing the fire sparkled out whereat he lighted a candle Then Adam marking that he was every whit naked the utmost parts of his fingers onely excepted he praised God with a greater admiration as we may read in the book called Colbâ— They poure some part of the conseâ—rated wine upon the ground for lucks sake because such an effusion prognosticates that house to become plentifully stored with all things necessary for the sustenanâ—e of life and that in such a manner that they shame not to write that in what house soever this wine is not poured out as water there is no blessing at all resident Some are of opinion that this pouring out of the wine to be done for the refreshing of Corah and his rebellious companions for the Jewes doe foolishly perswade themselves that these being swallowed up of the earth doe as yet remaine alive therein and are comforted by this consecrated wine A little before somewhat was delivered concerning the stinke of hell fire for the confirmation of which we have this story in the Talmud That wicked man Turnus Rophus upon a certaine time demanded of Rabbi Akibha in what respect the Sabbath did excell other daies of the weeke that they should prosecute it with so great honour The Rabbine replyed why doe mortals more honour thee then other men of the same mould because said the King my liege will have it so To whom Rabbi Akibha answered againe The King of Kings even our God himselfe wils us to give more honour and reverence unto the Sabbath then to any day in the weeke besides Turnus replies who can certainly assure thee that your Sabbath day is the seventh day and so the true Sabbath indeed perhaps you may celebrate it upon some other The Rabbine answers this may be proved 1. By a water-course of the River Sambation who estreame is so headstrong for the space of six daies that it roles huge great stones along with it by reason whereof it denies any one passage for the whole weeke but upon the Sabbath day it stands unmoveable not running at all in honour to the Sabbath 2. I can draw an evident argument for the demonstration hereof from thy fathers Sepulchre For all the weeke long the smoake and stench of hell fire iss ues out of it because for that space he is tormented therein but upon the Sabbath day the Sepulchre sends out no ill savour the reason is thy father at that time is come out of hell and takes his rest so that the fire thereof hath no power over him and for this very cause smoaks not upon that day When Turnus heard these words of the Rabbine he said unto him peradventure the time of his adjudgement to hell torments is now expired The Rabbine bids him goe unto thy fathers tombe the Sabbath now ended and see if it doe not smoake as yet Which Turnus hearing went and found it to be as the Rabbine had spoken This moved Turnus to a hainous enterprize for by enchantments he cals his father from hell and thus bespeaks him How comes it to passe said hee who diddest not sanctifie the Sabbath all thy life long shouldest now being dead observe and keep it How farre is the time spent since thou becamest so godly a Jew He answered My sonne whosoever living among you will not keep the Sabbath willingly in this place after death must be forced thereunto The sonne replies how are you occupied I pray you upon the worke dayes Upon them saith he some burns us with fire but upon the Sabbath day we enjoy our rest For upon Friday at evening a Proclamation goes forth declaring that the time of ceslation is now present and that the wicked should depart to celebrate the Sabbath which we hearing betake our selves to rest and in resting sanctifie the Sabbath Then in the end of the Sabbath when the Jewes have ended all their prayers then comes an evill Angell called Dumah who is our Master and commands us to returne into hell because the people of Israel have now put an end to their Sabbath Then wee recoiling into hell are scorched by the flames thereof untill the next Sabbath These are our infernall imployments If any have an itching desire to read any more concerning these horrible trifling fopperies let him reade Rabbi Bechai in parscha vaiischma Jethro that is in his exposition upon the eighteenth Chapter of Exodus where hee writes many things about the Sabbath Now seeing God in the Law of Moses and the Prophets oftentimes commanded the Jewes that upon the seventh day they should doe no manner of work and so abstaine from the prophanation thereof Hence ariseth a grand controversie among the Rabbines what may be done what left und one thereupon Concerning which matter there is a large tract in the Talmud upon which the chiefe and most learned Rabbines have written a Commentary so that whosoever could broach the most subtle and acute meditations concerning the genuine manner of sanctifying the Sabbath he was or certainly would have been accounted a teacher unto others I will onely repeat some few things conducible to the matter in hand First then whereas God in his Law commands that not only man but also the beast shall rest upon the Sabbath day The Rabbines with a curious kind of augmentation eâ—quire how far any beast as horse asse or others of the same kinde may lawfully goe upon the Sabbath day Whether also any of these creatures may be allowed to carry any burden thereupon This question is fully stated and that doctorâ€like
determined of in the Talmud 1. No beast must be suffered to go out of doores upon the Sabbath carrying more upon them then that wherewith hee may be led curbed and kept under So a horse or an asse going out of his Masters stable must have nothing upon him but a bridle or halter 2. An ape monkey beagle huntingâ€dog must not go out of doores without a coller to which a leash must be tyed that they may not slie away and escape Yet also they use these creatures thus upon other dayes then the Sabbath It is also prohibited to saddle an horse much more that any man should ride or lay any burden upon him lest hee should bee overâ€loaden to his hurt If any upon the Sabbath day returne home or goe to some Inne upon the backe of an horse or asse it is lawfull for him to loose his saddle but not to take it off but if the horse or asse chance to shake it off then is the horseâ€man faultlesse and to bee excused If any lead his horse by the bridle he must have a serious care that he suffer not the bridle to hang an hands breadth from his off his hand and thus he must doe lest some should thinke that he carries it in that fashion for his owne pleasure Hee must furthermore take heed that the bridle hang not too loosely betwixt him and the horse for in so doing hee shal seeme not to lead the horse but to carry the rainges for the nonce and it is not lawfull to carry the least thing upon the Sabbath It is contrary to their religion to suffer a hen to have a clout or rag about her foot or wing as a marke whereby shee may be known of the owner upon the Sabbath day Wherefore the clout ought to bee taken away upon the Friday that shee may rest upon the seventh day without molestation If any beast chance to fall into a ditch and cannot recover it selfe then they give it meate untill the Sabbath bee fully ended at what time they draw it out If the ditch be full of water so that the beast cannot conveniently eat its fodder then they cast in lopps of straw to underprop it that it may not bee drowned in the water if it can by this meanes escape it If by its own help it can lift it selfe out of the ditch then the Jew is blamelesse and not guilty of the profanation of the Sabbath Note that that seemes contrary to this which Christ objected to the Jewes for accusing him for healing upon the Sabbath saying who is there amongst you who having a sheep fallen into a pit upon the Sabbath day will not straight goe and draw him out As though he had said If you think it lawfull for you upon the Sabbath day to draw a beast out of a pit that the life thereof may be preserved how much more is a man to be helped upon that day who is of farre more worth then a beast Out of these words I say it seemes to follow that in Christs time it was permitted unto the Jewes to draw a beast out of a pit upon the Sabbath day Whereas the canon Law of the Jewes which is their spirituall and Talmudicall Law is diametrically opposite hereunto And henâ—e truly it was that that wicked Jew Rabbi Lipman in his booke called The triumph over the foure Evangelists written in the yeare of Christ 1459 accuseth our Saviour to have taught falsely and against their statutes and ordinances that the Jewes were then wâ—nt immediately to draw out an oxe or any other beast fallen into a pit upon the Sabbath day as Sebastiâ—n Muâ—ster hath registred the inditement in his Commentary upon St Matthews Gospell in Hebrew To which I answer that Christ the truth it selfe never could speak any thing but truth for there was never any falshood or guile found in his mouth yea sooner then the Jewes together with their father the father of lies the devill can evidence the contrary these superstitious brats shall suffer eternall shame It is true indeed that the law contained at this present in the Talmud is of that stampe that out of it Christ may be proved a lyar as amongst others an instance urged by Munster out of a Saxon History concerning a certaine Jew who upon the Sabbath day sir reverence fell into a Jakes makes manifest For he being left there was sustained with food and not presently drawne out The Bishop of the place also strictly charging and commanding the Jewes that they should not draw him out upon the Lords day holy in the sacred solemnization thereof to the Christians Whereupon it came to passe that for two daies space he was forced to remaine in this house of office that he might the better learn his duty I confesse therefore that their Talmudicall decrees which are in force with them at this day are contrary to Christs sayings but that it was so from the beginning it is a manifest untruth For 1. The traditions and constitutions of the Jewes themselves according to which they lived in Christs time brand it with no lesse And againe how came it to passe that if Christ had lied or spoken false the Pharisees did not presently hit him in the teeth there with Certainly the Pharisees would have contradicted the words of our Savior if he had spoken any thing oppugning their common traditions and ordinances Now if any ask how it came to pass that this was inserted into the Law which they at this day embrace I answer that it is a new constitution foisted by the Rabbines and Writers of the Talmud into their Gemara or their Appendix of ancient traditions in hatred to the New Testament and Christian Religion some hundred of yeares after Christs nativity as appeares most manifestly out of the Talmud For into this they thrust in such a tradition that they might perswade the ignorant that Christ spoke false But to returne to the matter in hand It is permitted unto a Jew to speake unto a Christian to milke his cow or goate lest the milke through its abundance straining the beast should put it to miserable torture not that the Jew hath any desire to bee fed with the milke for so it were all one as if he should have milked her himselfe This being granted that whatsoever aman doth by another it is all one as if he did it himselfe Whereupon it hath seemed good to some of their Doctors that a Jew may buy milke for his money of the Christians that hee may lawfully upon the Sabbath day feed thereupon seeing the Christian milkes the cow for his owne gaine and not in any love to the Jew But seeing these things are to full of quirkes and cannot bee sufficiently described wee will let them passe and descend to others Something therefore is now to bee spoken of the rest and sanctifying of the Sabbath concerning every one In the first place it is prohibited both to men and women
Which done shee raised the unleavened loaves which are to be eaten in the time of the Passeover These are commonly made round full of little holes pierced through with an iron much like to a horse-combe that the aire posting along through the portals of the cake may preserve it from leavening They use great hast in setting them into the oven not suffering them to stand any time in the bake house which taken out againe wanting both salt and fatnesse and kneaded onely with water have neither taste nor relish Hence it comes to passe that some honest huswifes put eggs into them that they may be more gratefull to the tast It hath been related unto me that some of the richer sort of the Jewes make these their paschall cakes of almonds not onely in honour of the Feast but for the pleasing of the palate Before the fifth houre of the day bee fully come to passe which is the eleventh with us they goe unto dinner eating little and such meaâ—es as are easie of digestion from that time forward untill the starres appeare in the firmament that they may with a more greedy appetite eate up at supper their unâ—eaâ—ened cakes If any one in the time bee oppressed with thirst he may not drink water but it is lawfull for him to carouse a full bowle of wine because it is very good to helpe the stomaâ—k Supper being ended they cast all the leavened bread which they found the night afore into the fire and burn it The Master of the houshold saying these words Let all the leaven and every thing leavened which is under my hand seen or unseen purged or not purged being utterly dissipated or destroied be accounted like unto the dust of the earth The first born in the evening of the passeover are injoined to fast from morning untill night because God in times past did preserve the first born of the children of Israel and suffered not the destroier to come in unto them At mid-day they cease to labour yet it is no offence for them in the afternoon to wash their clothes to fetâ—hâ—home new ones from the Taylor to put them on in honour of the feast I conclude with the words of our Saviour Take heed of the â—â—aven of the Pharisees and Sadduces that is to say of their false doctrine and hypocrisie CHAP. XIII Of the manner how the Jewes celebrate their Feast of the Passeover according to the Jewish forme IN the evening of the passeover when it begins to be night they hasten into the Synagogue where partly by praying partly by singing they offer up their evening sacrifice of prayer and thanksgiving according to the forme set downe in their books of common prayer The women at home light two great lamps accordingly as they did upon the Sabbath yet they doe not here begin the Feast as they did then by the consecration of wine for there is none whose estate is at the lowest ebb but hee will have a cup of choice wine to welcome the feast withall but only sit in the Synagogue untill their returne unto their own houses In the meane time their wives at home doe very honourably furnish the table placing thereupon vessels of gold and silver and other precious thing according to the severall estate of every one in particular for at this season every man ought to make shew of his riches not in a vaine boasting ostentation but in honour to the Feast For the dolefull remembrance which ought continually to be inserted in their minds concerning the desaoltions of the Temple of Jerusalem and also intermixt with all their joy and jollities is a sufficient curb for the former A chaire of Estate is provided for the Master of the family adorned with silke pillowes or cushions upon which hee may sit leane and rest himselfe the wals of his house and the places about the table being hung with costly darnicks or cloth of arras and that in as curious a manner as possibly can bee invented In such like chaires they seat themselves and leane against the wals thus adorned like some great Lords or potentates who being delivered out of the Egyptian bondage should no more bee inthralled therewith for every one of them upon the two first nights of the Festivall conceits himselfe to be some great Duke or mighty Prince one redeemed from the servility of exile though in very deed hee bee the veriest tag rag that ever went from doore to doore one of the poorer sort who is forced to hold his dish under another mans ladle having not so much as an old shirt to supply the place of a Carpet or any more costly cushion then a turfe will place himselfe this night in some worm-eaten chaire and counterfeit such Court-like postures as though he were some young Baron who had danced away the greatest part of his meanes in learning and practising the light and nimble carriage of his body As for the women it is not needfull for them to leane themselves against anything When it is late at night they make great speed out of the Synag gue and feather their heels with expedition to revisite their owne homes where they are no sooner entred but they command a certaine platter to bee set before them in which lie three cakes wrapped up in two napkins The uppermost of which represenâ—s the High Priest the middle the tribe of L vi and the lowest the whole congregation of Israel There is also another platter set upon the table in which is the haunâ—h of a lambe or of a kid together with an egge hard rosted A dish of postage is the next service made with apples peares nuts figs almonds orenges and such like fruits first boiled in wine looking as though they were mixt with bruised bricks Upon these they straw many spices but especially cinamon scarce beaten at all so that this kind of pottage seems to have in them both clay and straw in remembrance that their forefathers out of these materials made bricks in the land of Egypt Moreover they grace the table with a sallet made of herbes of an eager taste as lettice ivye raddish persley savory cresses and such like Over against which they place another dish full of vinegar in memory that their ancestors eat the paschall lambe with bitter herbs The table being thus furnished they in great hast take their place every one old and young yea the very infant lying as yet in the cradle hath a bowle of wine presented unto him and then the Master of the house consecrates the cup and gives an orderly beginning to the feast Grace being said every one takes up his whole one resting himselfe upon the left arme and pressing with his elbow his silken pillow as though hee were some right honourable and thrice noble Lord and Potentate Some wash their hands before the giving of thanks some after Concerning which many disputes are extant in the Talmud and for decision of the controversie
fills their hearts with sorrow being a very probable token of an unfruitful and dangerous season When the trumpeter hath done his office the whole Synagogue trumptes out those words of David Blessed is the people O Lord that can rejoyce in thee they shall walk in the light of thy countenance Morning prayer ended they return again to their houses where they eat and drink and sound upon their Rams-horns For it is a position of the Rabbines that at this time every one ought to be merry and jocund being assured that God hath been gracious unto him in pardoning his sins and offences and not because he hath fill'd his panch and liquored his throat for this would God rather impute unto them as a sin then recompense as a good work After this their repast every one man woman and child hasten to the water or to some Bridge thereupon to make Taschlich that is to say to cast their sins into the water and the ground of the practise is that of the Prophet He will turn again and have mercy upon us be will subdue our iniquities and cast all our sins into the bottom of the sea The Jews thus gathered together upon the Bridge so soon as they behold the fishes accounting the sight as a prosperous signe and token they caper alost and shake their garments over the â—ishes dreaming and vainly conceiting that by this their foolery they have shaked off all their sinnes upon the fishes backs which swim away with them even as the scape-Goat which carried away the sinnes of their ancestors into the wilderness Others write that they do it in remembrance of Abraham who travelling to sacrifice his son Isaac upon Mount Meriah which was upon the first day of September Satan met him and turned himself into a great River which at the first took him only to the knees but by and by it reacht his neck Abraham perceiving himself to be in such a distresse and that he was in danger of drowning cried mightily unto God who heard his prayer and turned the water into dry ground as it is recorded in the tract Medrasch rotosoha Evening being come they fall again to eat and drink and make merry as they were wont and in this manner they celebrate the feast of the New-year in great security with much mirth and jollity for the space of two dayes together I conclude with that of the Prophet If a man walk in the spirit and would lie falsly saying I will prophesie unto thee of wine and of strong drink he shall even be the prophet of this people To which alludes that of Sophonie Her Prophets are light and wicked persons her Priests have polluted the Sanctuary they have polluted the Law CHAP. XX. How they prepare themselves to the Feast of Reconciliation and the celebration thereof THe time between New-years-day and the tenth of the same moneth upon which they keep the feast of Reconciliation is called by Jews the ten penitential dayes for which space they fast and pray very much and are wonderful desirous to become holy and religious that if God should have written any of their names in the book of death and determined to afflict their souls with an unfortunate year he might at the contemplation and sight of their penitent life and practise of good works repent him of the evil and have mercy upon them transcribing their names in the book of life and sealing the judgement Every morning so long as these dayes endure while it is as yet very early they confesse their sins three several times do not proceed to the excommunication of any one neither do they call any man into judgement or force any one to take an Oath Upon the ninth day they forsake their beds betimes in the morning frequent the Synagogue sing and pray So soon as they return home every male old and young takes a Cock and every woman a Hen into their hands the master of the family doing likewise and saying these words Foolish men are plagued for their offence and because of theâ—r wickednesse Their soul abhorred all manner of meat and they were even at deaths door So when they cried unto the Lord in their trouble he delivered them out of their distresse He sent forth his word and healed them and they were saved from their destruction O that men would therefore praise the Lord for his goodnesse and declare the wonders that he doth for the children of men that they would offer unto him the sacrifice of thanksgiving and tell out his works with gladnesse And again If there be a messenger with him or an interpreter one of a thousand to declare unto man his righteousnesse then will he have mercy upon him and will say Deliver him that he go not down into the pit for I have received a reconciliation that is a Cock which shall be a reconciliation unto me When he hath ended this his repetition he finisheth the reconciliation waving the Cock three times about his head and saying at every time This Cock shall serve instead of me he shall succeed in my stead who deserve death he shall be my reconciliation he shall die for me but I shall enter into life and blisse with them that are righteous in Israel Amen This he doth three times as was said before once for himself once for his children and once for strangers which sojourn with him according to the custome of the high Priest in ancient dayes as it is recorded in the third book of Moses In the next place he takes the Cock and kills him and drawing and gathering the skin together about his neck first meditates with himself that he is worthy to have his own throat cut for his sinnes and offences and then cutting the Cocks throat thinks himself worthy to be punished with the sword After this he takes the cock and with all his might throws him upon the ground thereby signifying that he deserves to be stoned to death for his sins and wickedness lastly he puts him upon the spit and roasts him thereby giving others to understand that to be burnt in a fiery furnace doth not equalize his desert These four kindes of death the poor Cock undergoes for his Master The intrals out of commiseration they commonly cast upon the house top that it may also be partaker of such a sacrifice Others say that they do it because sin is rather an internal then an external thing and that it cleaves fast to the bowels of the Cock some Crows coming by may claw them up and flee away with them into the wildernesse even as the scape-Goat in the Old Testament ran away with the sins of the people into the Desert They take all possible pains and care to procure a white Cock for the sacrifice They will by no means admit of a red one because such an one is full of sins seeing sin it self is red also as it is written Come now
let us reason together faith the Lord though your sins were as crimson yet shall they be as white as snow though they were red like scarlet they shall be as wooll Now if the Cock be white he is not polluted with sin and so is able to bear the sins of others which being red he could not possibly do being stufft with his own sins already Antonius Margarita in his book of the faith of the Jews registers it as the affirmation of some of the Hebrew Doctors that an Ape is a more fitting beast for this dayes sacrifice then the Cock because in his face he more represents a Man Yet they chuse a Cock rather then any other creature because a Man in Hebrew is called Gebher Now if Gebher offend Gebber must also in justice suffer for his offence And therefore the Jews considering the burden of death too grievous to be born and the punishment too heavie spare themselves and kill the Cock which the Babylonian Talmudists call Gebher to satisfie the judge of all flesh and by this shift Gebher offends and Gebher suffers for it Blinde and beastly Jews how do they trisle and think to puzzle God in that manner that he cannot know a Cock from a Man Wo wo unto them for this their horrible blindnesse above example without pattern Such another exposition relishing of the same pate we finde in the book called Schebet Jehudah written first in Hebrew then translated into the Teutonick tongue by the Jews and printed at Cracovia in Poland some twenty two years ago It is a certain disputation between a Jew and a Christian before Alphonsus King of Portugal wherein when the Christian urged divers places of Scripture proving Christ to be the true Messias and amongst others that of the Psalmist My God my God why hast thou forsaken me The Jew made answer that it was a certain property belonging to the holy Scripture to be capable of divers interpretations amongst which that is the best which may be confirmed and declared by other places of holy writ But as for the forecited place there were many other Scriptures which did evidently prove that it cannot be understood of Christ And first of all saith the Jew I will rell thee what answer a learned Rabbine did upon a certain time make unto the King of Spain Yesterday said he unto the King I being very wroth with my houshold Cock because he had troubled me in my studies with his crowing musick I smote him with my staff put him into a dark room where he ceased his crowing yet withal this my anger being never a jot abated I did beat him till I had rent his skin and disjoynted his bones then I put him into a Pot and covered it according as I thought meet and convenient which served him for a Coffin for there he died After his death there happened out a miracle for his life returned unto him again and he began to sing and crow as at former times and this is the true meaning and exposition of these words urged by the Christian out of the 22 Psalm Which appears so to be if we parallel the place with that of Jeremiah in the third of his Lamentations and the first verse I am the man that have seen affliction in the rod of his indignation He hath led me brought me into darknesse but not light Surely he is turned against me be turneth his hand against me all the day My flesh and my skin hath he caused to wax old and he hath broken my bones He bath builded against me and compassed me with gali and labour He hath heaged about me that I cannot get out he bath made my chains heavy And when I cry and shout he shutteth out my prayers I am the man Am Gebher that is to say I am the Cock for the word among the Talmudists â—ignifieth so much Who bath see naffliction In the rod of his indignation There is the rod with which the Cock was beaten He bath led me there is his flight into darkness and not into light there is the place of obscurity into which he was put He turns his hand against me there is the second beating after that he was put up in his close prison or the motion whereby he thought himself to move in the pot My flesh and my skin hath he caused to wax old that is to say he hath torn and rent it He hath broken my bones or cut me in pieces He hath builded against me He hath shut me up in the pot He hath set me in dark places that is he hath put me in the pot and covered it And when I cry and shout which words signifie unto us that the Cock sung and crowed after he was dead So much foppery out of the book called Schebet Jehudah out of which we may plainly see after what a ridiculous manner the Jews interpret and make a mock of the holy Scripture and prove themselves to be really possessed with that phrensie blindness and hardness of heart wherewith Moses threatned them We may see also with what art these jugling mountebanks and quacksalvering impostros can metamorphose a man into a Cock and again turn a Cock into a man Truly I am forced to believe that if the Prophet Esay had used the word Gebher in his fifty third chapter the man that is there made mention of should of necessity the Jews being translators have been a very Cock Seeing the Prophet calls him Isch machobheth a man full of sorrows despised and not esteemed One that hath borne our infirmities and carried our sorrows even Christ who was beaten for our sins and wounded for our transgressions The chastisement of our peace was upon him by whose stripes we are healed Yet the Jews will not acknowledge receive and confess such a man but chuse one whom they can kill put upon the broach rost at the fire and fill their filthy paunches withall But woe and alass they may long look for health from the wounds of an household Cock The Greek Calends will first have place in the annual computation before they receive from hence any setled peace of conscience which evidently appears to be true at the houre of their death when destitute of all comfort ready to despair they câ—y out my death is my reconciliation and satisfaction for my sins A miserable poor and cold comfort indeed when not only death temporal but eternal both of soule and body must be the wages for their sin This the Jews cannot comprehend seeing God in his just judgment hath shut their eyes that they cannot see nor understand Pitifull and lamentable is their case in which with an unwilling heart I leave them and descend to a further declaration of their preparation to this festival After that they have made an attonement for their sins by the sacrificing of the Cock they repair to the place where the dead are buried where they say many prayers as they did
it not Behold in the day of your fast you will seek your will and require all your debts Behold youâ— fast to strife and debate and to smite with the fist of wickednesse ye shall not fast as you do to day to make your voice to be heard above Is it such a fast that I have chosen that a man should afflict his soul for a day and to bow down his head as a bulrush and to lie down in sackcloth and ashes wilt thou call this a fasting or an acceptable day unto the Lord CHAP. XXII Of the Feast of joy and gladnesse for that they have read over the book of the Law And of the manner how they distribute their Ecclesiastical Offices THere is no mention made of this Feast in holy writ The Rabbines instituted it as a day of rejoycing in that God had given them so much as to spend a whole year in the reading of his Law and exercise thereof in that upon this day they have finished accomplished and brought to an end the lecture and exposition of the of the text thereof in their Church or Synagogue in that he hath in great clemency granted them power and faculty to perform the same They distribute and part the five books of Moses into fifty two Chapters of Sections whereof they read one every Sabbath day so that the last Section is read upon the first day after the Feast of tabernacles which commonly falls upon the twenty third day of September It is recorded in the Talmud that the Priests were wont to skip caper and dance using all kinde of musical instruments upon this day practising among the vulgar many incredâ—ble and skittish fooleries which here to set down would be rather a wearinesse then either pleasure or profit to the reader Upon this day they repair to the Synagogue and in a solemn procession take all the books of the Law out of the Ark reading the first and last Section leaping about the Ark with the books in their hands and when they are weary in great pomp putting them into the Ark again So long as the books are out of the Ark a burning Lamp shines therein for the Ark must not at any time be found empty whereupon it necessarily follows that the Lamp supplying the place of the books avails as much as the books themselves for the Law is called a Lamp or light as it is written The Command is a Lantern and instruction a light Furthermore they scatter Apples Plums and Pears among the younger sort that they also may take occasion to expresse the utmost of their mirth and jollity Yet it often falls out that that hereby is occasioned a greater deal of grief and melancholy in the hearts of these nonaged striplings in that they often in scambling for these fruits fall into strife contention and brawling and at last make trial which among them have the most patient stretching ears Now because upon this day the reading of the Law is finished in a second place they go Ã¥bout the distribution of Ecclesiastical functions and offices and in â—he first place them that belong to the Lecturers of the Law These their offices or functions are sold by open sale in their Synagogue and he that at the third asking offers the most money for them hath them assured unto him and is bound to keep them And in the first place the Clerk or Sexton of the Synagogue proclaims the office of them who are to light candles all the year following as also that of the Cup-bearers who carry the wine wherewith they begin and end their Sabbaths and other Festivals For though the Master of every family be bound to give a beginning to the Sabbath by the consecration of a cup of wine yet that this ceremony is also performed in the Synagogue and that publickly before the whole Congregation by reason of the poorer sort who for want of means cannot procure wine at home for the initiation of the Sabbath And moreover it is not to be neglected because the Boyes and children that drink thereof become religious and godly Jews Thirdly the Clerk proclaims that if any man will buy Gelilah let him come forth which is an office of unfolding and folding up again the book of the Law Fourthly it is demanded if any one will buy Hagbohah He that hath this office is busied in a speedy lifting up of the book of the Law carrying it about the Pew or Desk that any one may read thereupon It is necessarily required that he that carries it be strong and of an able body that he may without stumbling carry the book unfolded with stretched out arms for if he chance to faulter and slip but with one foot not bearing it in that manner which is required the whole Congregation is enjoyned to fast which is reputed as a very bad signe of some ensuing misfortune Fifthly it is demanded who purchase Etz Chajim for money He that hath this office is allowed to touch the two pieces of wood to which the Law is fastened by long skins or Parchments as also to carry and administer the little Bag Coat or Sachel in which the book of the Law after the ending of the Lecture is with all speed to be wrapt up Young men and striplings commonly buy this office perswading themselves that by touching those forementioned pieces of wood their honesty shall be improved and their understanding bettered hoping that thereby their life shall be prolonged seeing these pieces of wood are called Etz Chajim which by interpretation signifieth the trees of life as it is written She is a tree of life meaning the Law to them that lay hold on her and blessed is he that retaineth her These are touched and handled when the book of the Law is wrapped up where a special heed must be taken and care had that they touch not the Parchments with their naked hands for this is a hainous offence Sixthly it is demanded who will buy Acheron which is an office that whosoever in the whole congregation is the last called out upon any Festival he must read somewhat out of the book of the Law Seventhly it is demanded who will buy Shehia He that hath this office is a kinde of overseer who looks unto the rest that they be not negligent in their charge and place and if he finde them so he may put them out and himself in All the money which they get for these places and offices they bestow in the reparation of the Synagogue and maintenance of the poor From this open sale of Ecclesiastical functions often proceed as from a Fountain envies brawlings contentions and evil surmisings Yea God himself is often blasphemed because the favour and countenance and respect of persons bears a greater sway in sharing then Justice while the rich is preferred before the poor a stripling sooner admitted into holy Orders then one of riper years an illiterate Asse sooner then a learned Doctor and an
long as the oake or other of that kinde for saith the lord as the dayes of a tree are the dayes of my people and my elect shall long enioy the works of their hands and againe there shall be no more thence an infant of dayes nor an old man that hath not filled his dayes for the child shall die an hundred yeares old bnt the Sinner being an hundred years old shall be accursed which is as much as to say if any die at an hundred years of age it shall be said of him that he died as a little infant or in his infancy for at that time the years of life of the Israelites shall be equal to them of the fathers from Adam to Noah as Abenezra comments upon the place The ninth is that God shall so clearly manifest himself to the Israelites that they shall see him face to face As it is recorded The glory of the Lord shall be revealed and all flesh shall see together because the mouth of the Lord hath spoken it Yea all the Lords people shall be Prophets as it is written It shall come to pass afterward that I will powr out my spirit upon all flesh and your sons and your daughters shall prophesie your old men shall dream dreams your yong men shall see visions The last degree of comfort is that God shall quite root out of them all imbred lusts and inclinations unto evil as it is written A new heart also will I give you and a new spirit will I put within you and I will take away the stony heart out of your flesh and I will give you an heart of flesh Hitherto we have delivered what we promised out of the book called Abhkas râ—chel in which though it be summarily set down what the Jews beleeve concerning their Messias as also the manner how he is to bring them back to Jerusalem yet I think not impertinent in this place a litle more largely to declare with what solemnities their Messias shal give them intertainement in their own land and with what happiness and felicitie they shall lead their lives under him When then the Messias hath gathered all the Jews together out of all the nations under heaven and from the foure winds of the earth and hath brought them unto the land of Canaan flowing with milk and hony then shall he cause to be prepared a sumptuous and delicate banquet inviting and friendly welcoming unto it all the Jews with great pomp and joy inexpressible At this banquet shall be dished up and served in the greatest beastes fishes and fouls that ever God created The worst wine that they shall drink shall be that whose grape had its growth in paradise and hath been barrel'd up and reserved in Adams Cellar unto that time The first dish in this feast shall be that huge oxe described in the book of Job to be of such great strength and magnitude named Behemoth This the Rabbines affirme to be the same oxe whereof David makes mention in his 50 Psalm and 10 verse All the beasts of the forrest are mine and the cattel Behemoth feeding on a thousand hills that is to say which every day eateth up the grass of a thousand hils But a man will aske what at length would have become of this oxe if he had lived so long seeing he had long since eaten up all his fodder The Rabbines learnedly answer that this oxe is stall-fed and remains always in the same place and that whatsoever he eateth on the day grows again upon the night in the same length and forme The second dish adorning the table shall be that vast whale Leviathan according to the Jewish tone Pronounced Lipiasan who is also described in the book of Job and mentioned in other places of holy writ Concerning these two beasts there hath bin handsomly compiled this tradition by the wit and ingenuity of the solid pated Rabbins in their Talmud it runs thus Rabbi Jehudah saith that what thing soever God created in the world he created it male and female and that without all doubt for he created the Leviathan yet least the he and she Leviathan by engendring should augment the number and at length by there monstrous magnitude and multitude destroy the whole world God gelded the male and killed the female reserving her in pickle to be meat for them that are just in Judah and feared him in the dayes of the Messias as it is written In that day will the lord with a sore and great and strong sword punish Leviathan the piercing serpent even Leviathan that crooked serpent and he shall slay the dragon that is in the sea In the same manner he created that great ox called Behemoth feeding on a thousand hils male and female yet lest by multiplying they might fill and destroy the earth he gelded the male and killed the female reserving it for the Jewes diet in time to come as it is written Loe now his strength is in his loynes and his force in the navell of his belly he that made him can make his sword to approach unto him The third dish in this banquet as Elias Levita in his dictionarie named Tesbi out of the Rabbins reports shall be that horrible huge bird called Barinchue which killed and unboweld shall then be rosted Concerning this bird it is written in the Talmud she cast an Egge out of her nest by whose fall three hundred tall Cedars were broken down and the Egge breaking in the full drowned three score villages By this relation it is easie to conceive this bird to have been little inferiour in greatnes to the forementioned oxe and fish whence we may also collect how glorious a dish the Messias is to make of it for his guests and when there are many such birds Guls I think found in the land of Judah none ought to think that which is reported of this to be fabulous In the forementioned book of the Talmud we read of a certain great crow which was seen of a Rabbine worthy to be credited The relation runs thus Rabbi barchannah saith At a certain time I saw a frog which is as great as the village Akra in Hagronia well how big was the village It consisted of no fewer then threescore houses Then came a mighty serpent and swallowed up this frog Instantly upon this a great crow flying that way picked up as a small morsel both the frog and the serpent and taking him to flight sat upon a Tree now think with your selves how great and strong this tree must be To which Rabbi papa the son of Samuel making answer unless I had been in the place and with these mine eyes seen the very tree I would not have beleeved it Thus much the Talmudist Who dare give the lie to this Rabbine When that good man Kimchi commenting on the fifty Psalm and explaining the word Ziz hath there witnessed that Rabbi
years old Numb 8. 3. Their ministration at 30 years The Nethinims were hewers of wood and drawers of water for the House of God Gibeonites they were called Nethinims from Nathan to give because they were given to the Service of the Temple Goodwin Numb 18 16 a The coins in use among the Jews were either Silver coins or gold coines Their silver coins were these their first and greatest was shekel 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 dâ—rived from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to poiâ—e or weigh which was twofold Regius Siclus or the Kings shekel of comâ—mon use in buying and selling it valued of our money one shilling three pence 2. The shekel of the Sanctuary which doubled the former and was in value two Shillings six pence on the one side of it was stampt the pot of Manna or Aâ—rons Censer as others with this inscription 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the shekel of Israel on the other side Aarons Rod hudding with this inscription 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The City Jerusalem See Aâ—sted in Praecog Theol. and Mr. Goodwin pag 327. Their second Coin was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 zuz the fourth part of a shekel which was also called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in value seven pence half-penny zuz is derivid from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 zuz to move for money is the primum mobile of mans appetite and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Ceseph from Casaph to breath to be intent on any thing Money is the desire of every one and as Hesiod saith 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the life of mortalls Their third kinds of Coin wert first 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 gerah from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 miscere to mingle being the cause of commerce 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Agorah from Agar to gather together for the same reason and lastly 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Kesiâ—a which signifieth a lamb a piece of money which had a lamb stamped on the one side of it so Gen. 33. 9. Jacob bought a piece of grown for an hundred lambs that is for an hundred pieces of money These three Coins are in value of our Coin oneâ—penny half penny twenty went to a shekel Their gold Coins were 1. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 zahab a shekel of gold in our money fifteen shillings 2. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Adaâ—kon also called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in value also fifteen Shillings this was Persian Coin Their sums hence arising were two 1. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Maneh 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a pound of gold 75 pound of money 7 l. 10 〈◊〉 2. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Cicar a talent in Gold 4500 pound in money 375 pound 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a Pioselyte was he who forsaking Genâ—ilisme turned to the Jewish Religion called by the name of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Geâ— a stranger from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Guâ— to wander of these were two sorts 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 proselytus foeâ—eris a proselyte of tâ—e Covenant he was tied to Circumcision and the whole Law of Moses as R. Sal. Deut. 2. 3. 14. who names him there a proselyte of Justice to whose adoption three things were necessary 1. Circumcision 2. Purification by water 3. The blood of the oblation The second sort was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 proselytus portae a proselyte of the gateâ— Deut. 14 21. he was not circumcised nor tied to the observation of Moses his Law but onely to keep Noahs seven Commendements which are these 1. Judgements for malefactors 2 Blessing the name of Gâ—d 3. To fly idolatry 4 Robbery 5. Bloodshed 6. Eating any member of a beast taken from it alive 7. Not uncover ones nakednesse Shindler in Pentâ—g lot 1530. * Zach. 2. 6. Abâ—odach zaâ—ah Deut. 16. Ier. 6. 10. Act. 7. 52. Rom 2. 28 29 1 Pet. 1. 18. 19. Col. 1. 14. Wise men Deut 28. 9. Tract Berach de benedictionibus 〈◊〉 de Sabâ—â—ho Psal 121 6. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Lam. 1. 5 6. Iet 15. 1â— Gen. 27. 1. 〈◊〉 what time 〈◊〉 Jews marry Psal 57 1 Lament 219. Psal 42. 9. Tâ—act San. de judicibus c 11. Lam. 1. 2. a Wise-men Psal 56. 9 b The beginning of wisdom a book writ by oâ—e of the Scholers of R. Moses it containes the common places of divinity amongst which much Philosophy morolity and cabbalistical niciâ—ies are intermixâ— Ezâ—k 9. 4. Jâ—r 25. 30. Psa 〈…〉 Orach Chaym num 2. Brandspiel c 16. Amos 6. 4. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Isa 6. 3. Amos 4. 12. Psal 103. 1. Mich. 6. 8. Levit. 20. 25 2â— Tract Talmud Tanais dc jejunio Orach Chaym num 4. Brand spigel c. 10. Prov. 117. De arba Cauphos zizis Oâ—ach Chaym n. 8. Brandspiel c. 48. Minhagimâ— p. 6 Lev. 15 37 28. Tract de Sab. cap. 16. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Floruit Of their Phylaâ—teries Orach Chajim num 25. Deut. 6. 6 7 8. Phylacteries for the hands Rabbi Alphes tract de Sabâ— c 6. p. 77. Isa 26. 2. Tract Berachos cap. 1. p. 7. Exod. 33â— 23 Tract de Sab. cap. 18. Orach Chaijm num 8 9. Rutheni are a people of France dwelling neare Xantoigne and Avergne but in this place rather a people of Livonia from whence the Countrey is called Russia Orach chajim nu 46. Brunds cap 41. Psal 55. 15. Tract Tâ—lâ—ud de benedictionibus â—sa 50. 2. Tract Berachos de benedictionibusp 6 Eccl. 4. 17. Exod. 3. 5. Psal 29. 2. Yet the oâ—iginall is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Numb 2â— 5. Psal 26. 8. Soph. 3. 20. Hos 14. 3. Obad. 2. 1. Orach chajim nu 58. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Tâ—act de bebenedictionibus cap. 9. Orach chajim nu 113. Ezek. 1. 7. Isa. 6. 3. Orach chajim nu 125. a Sanctitas a The wards are 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Radix juniperorum eorum panis 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Tract de benedictione sect 9. 4. a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 One cut off from the Congregation of the faithfull from the verb 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 extirpatus est excisâ—â—◠〈◊〉 a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 A traytor backbiter from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 linguax fuiâ— detraxit falsa accusationâ— Orach Chajim Tract Tal. de benedict c. 1. Exod. 20. 18. Psal 68. 13. Ezek 8.14 In Tract Joma Job 14. 16. Orach chajim nu 91. seq Sam. 3. 41. Psal 119. 109. Psal 35. 10. Psal 130. Brunds cap 41. Alas poor Jew thou hast never uttered one Amen attentively for the space of 1631 years The words in the original are 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 quid requirit thâ— Rabbins read 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 centum requirit so perverting the text 2 Sam. 25. 1. Esay 1. 15. Cap. 59. 2punc 3. Oruch chayâ— num 55. Deut 7. 1◠〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Icr. 9. 12 13. Deu. 29. 24 25 Psal. 84. 7. Brand spiegel cap. 43. Lev. 1. 43 44. In tract Gittiâ— S. 3. 5.
they may enjoy the monarchy of the whole world for the performance of which their wish they poure out their prayers upon every Sabbath and festivall It is clearly manifest that they have not as yet rightly and duly kept and sanctified the seventh day and have not as yet delighted themselves therein to the full of a satiety When then in the first place they have feasted themselves and fill'd their guts with Sabbaticall cheer with great joy and gladnesse then they pray as abovesaid The table is left covered and spread untill the evening of the Sabbath The candles also lighted in honour thereof stand in their lampes unextinguished Hence ariseth a sharpe contention among them about the lights what is to be done what to be omitted It is not lawfull to hunt or feek for flies or lice by the benefit of their light or to read or write by them lest some in so doing should be moved to snuffe the lights and by this meanes profane the Sabbath Now seeing they will have the Sabbath to signiâ—ie delight therefore their wise Doctors think it good and as a great honor unto the day if any married man but especially one of the Rabbines who is learned and well seen in knowledge upon the Sabbath day at night hug and kisse his wife a little more then ordinary And this is the cause that they eat store of potato roots before the Sabbath begin that they may become more valiant in the act of carnall copulation For the same cause marriages are commonly celebrated upon the Sabbath day that their first concourse upon that night may bee the morefortunate and the Sabbath it selâ—e more highly dignified Hereupon the common opinion is that the infants begot upon this night continually be partakers of eminent fortunes and all of them at length attaine unto the dignity of wise and holy men chiefly then when in the act of generation the parents minds are full of good and pure cogitations when they come together not to fulfill the lusts of the flesh but in honour to the Sabbath Lastily when any Jew is a travelling upon Friday and is distant from his Inne or his own dwelling house at evening more then a Sabbath dayes journey then ought he to stay in that very place and there to reft himselfe and celebrate the Sabbath whether it be in field or in the middle of a wood all perils of robbers and want of meat and drinke set aside Concerning this matter there is extant a true story which runs as followeth Upon a certaine time three Jewes went a travelling When it began to be night and the Sabbath drew near then said one to another what course shall wee take the way is very dangerous by reason of robbers wild and evill beasts do also haunt the woods better it is that we hold on and every one become the deliverer of his owne soule then to keep the Sabbath with perill of losing both soule and body The third said I will not depart hence until the Sabbath be ended for he that commanded me to sanctifie it is able to preserve me in the middle of this wood When his fellowes perceived his resolution they held on their journey beeing Sabbath-breakers But this third man staied in the same place as though he had been nailed unto the ground and pitching his tent spread a linnen cloth upon the earth for want of a better table and set bread thereupon and what other provision he had and so saying his evening prayer sate him down to take his first Sabbath meale In the mean time as he was at his repast there came a Bore unto him of such an horrible and ugly shape as never eye beheld This said beast drawing neare unto him signified by certaine gestures that he was an hungry The Jew good man in a manner terrified gives him a crust of bread withall feeding himselfe with this meditation that God if it pleased him could easily preserve him in safety The Bore never moving eats the bread which was given him and staies there still So soon as the Jew had sufficiently refreshed himselfe he said his evening prayer which ended he lies downe upon the earth to take his rest and sleep the Bore lying downe besides him The morning light unlocking his eye-lids he was exceeding joifull that the Bore had not devoured him praising God and giving him thanks for such a benefit he orderly also pours out his morning devotions then taking his dinner and supper and running over all his prayers When the Sabbath was ended he making a separation divided the Sabbath from the rest of the weeke of which more shall bee spoken in the next Chapter and so went on his journey the Bore becomming his individuall companion all the night over Upon the same night his two companions had fallen into the hands of robbers who had spoiled them of all that they had At last the Bore accompanying him hee overtooke them whom so soone as the beast beheld hee run unto them and tore them both in pieces At the sight whereof feare begins to benum the spirits of the religious Jew and a strong opinion possessed him that hee also was at the last gaspe In the mean time they who had robbed his fellowes came unto him and questioned him what he was and from whence he travell'd He made answer I am a Jew for having a sure confidenâ—e in God he would not deny himselfe and came from the Kings pallace and am thus farre on my journy They further enquired of him where he got that Bore Hee answered the King bestowed him on me for a guide Then said one of the Robbers surely that Jew is in great favour with the King because his will was he should have a safe pass age by the conduct of that Bore And the other replyed we will give him all the money that wee have and lead him out of the wood for feare lest he discover us Which they did and accompanied him for a long and tedious space they also holding on to direct him in the way that he was to goe and the Bore run back into the wood againe The case standing thus it behoves every Jew committing himselfe to the protection of him that dwelleth in the highest heavens to remember keep and sanctifie the Sabbath day with all diligence CHAP. XI How the Jewes celebrate their Sabbath and also make an end thereof UPon the morning of the Sabbath they doe not so early leave their beds as at other times but sleep untill the day be farre spent and this they doe more for their own pleasure then for any due honor tendered unto the Sabbath yet the more pleasure they enjoy the more devoutly they celebrate the Sabbath in their opinion Their Rabbines doe most magisterially prove the lawfulnesse of this custome out of the Law out of the twenty eight Chapter of the fourth booke of Moses When Moses say they makes mention in that place of the daily sacrifice
it is written early in the morning But when he speakes of the oblation for the seventh day it is written in the day of the Sabbath The meaning of which words is this The daily sacrifices were wont to be offered early in the morning before it was light instead of which they repaire at this day earely unto their Synagogue to say their morning prayers as was formerly declared But upon the Sabbath a longer stay was made and the sacrifice was not wont to be offered before perfect day Wherefore the Jewes ought to sleep larger upon this day then another and to goe later to morning prayer then at other times to recreate themselves for a longer space upon their couches for the joy and delight accrewing by the Sabbaths reproach When they are once come into the Synagogue they pray as at other times yet saying and singing more prayers and anthemes then ordinary in honour of the Sabbath Upon this day they doe not put on their phylacteries of which we spoke in the fourth Chapter and that because the Sabbath it selfe is a sign of the Jewish faith and that this was given to the Jewes onely and commanded by them to bee sanctified and therefore they have no need of other signes as the phylacteries and circumcision whereby a Jew may bee knowne from other men They bring the booke of the Law out of the Arke in that pompe which we specified in the ninth Chapter They read out of it seven sections of the Law for the performing whereof seven particular persons are called out Whosoever is called comes up by the doore next unto him and goes downe by the other because it is recorded of the people of Israel to have done the like For saith the Scripture the gate of the inner Temple which lookes unto the north shall be shut for the space of six daies wherein you may worke but upon the Sabbath day and upon the day of the Calends it shall be opened And the Prince shall enter by the way of that gate and shall stand at the posts thereof and the Priests shall offer his burnt offering c. Hence it appeares that when they come into the holy Temple upon the Sabbath day they came in at one doore and went out at another They are also accustomed to read some certaine sections out of the Prophets in which the same subject is handled that is treated of in the bookes of Moses This custome then had its originall when they were interdicted to reade the bookes of Moses in their Synagogues For at that time they began to read in the plaâ—e thereof a Lecture out of the Prophets which they named Hapharah which was as a certain exposition upon the Law of Moses This custome was in force in the daies of the Apostles for thus it is recorded For they that dwell at Jerusalem and their rulers because they knew him not nor yet the voices of the Prophets which are read every Sabbath day they have fulfilled them in condemning him Again Moses of old time had them that preached him being read in the Synagogues every Sabbath day And although at this day they are not prohibited to read and teach Moses in their Synagogues yet they keepe the custome of reading the Prophets for they cannot be too conversant in well doing They pray also for the soules of them who in their life time did not rightly sanctify the Sabbath For the Rabbines perswade themselves that these are tossed in hell from side to side both after and before the Sabbath and therefore they pray for them thereupon Their prayers in the Synagogue must not continue any longer then six a clock in the morning For it is forbidden either to fast or pray any longer according as their Doctors have collected out of that saying Thou shalt call the Sabbath Oneg For the word Oneg signifying delight or pleasure is written without the letter Vau which in numeration maketh six By which the Prophet would secretly insinuate that we ought not to fast after the sixt hour or the middle of the day because otherwise it would come to passe that the Sabbath should not be a pleasure but rather a vexation unto us Therefore morning prayer being ended they eate their second Sabbaticall meale making themselves merry in honour of the Sabbath If any have dreamed some ominous dream as the book of the Law to be burnt the beams of his own house to fall down his teeth to fall out of his head or such like he must fast untill it be late at night and that not without cause seeing such phantasticall meteors portend no faire weather If the jaw bones of any one in the time of sleep seem unto him in the time of sleep to fall out of their place such a dream is a good dreame because it betokens the teeth of all his enemies that intended evill against him If to eate be burdensome unto any and to fast a pleasure he may fast by statute If any cannot abstaine from teares he may weep by authority because such a ones lamentation is his owne delight his adversaries recreation both which are conducible to a sanctifyed celebration of the Sabbath Yetnot withstanding whosoever fasts upon the seventh day he must fast also upon the day following because he feared not to substract the pleasure due unto the Sabbath day Moreover it seemeth good unto the wise men among the Jewes that dinner being ended that somewhat should bee learned by study and some Chapters read oâ—t of the holy Bible For upon a certaine time the Sabbath complained unto God that every thing in this universe had a like unto it selfe of which it was onely destitute Then God instantly replyed and said The people of Israel shall from henceforth be thy mate for they upon the Sabbath day bend their study to the learning of the Law which if they did not they would at that time be altogether idle Then the Law posting unto Gods tribunall poured out its complaints and said When Israel shall returne into his owne land and one shall goe unto his farme another to his vineyard who shall then learn or study me God answered the Israelites shall doe it who resting upon the Sabbath shall practise nothing else By reason of these complaints it was concluded and thought meet that upon the Sabbath day after dinner every one should busie himselfe either in reading of the word of God or in collecting something out of their bookes of morality whereby they might be incited unto the feare of the Lord and so the Law and Sabbath might not have any more just occasion of complaint But alas how rare readers they are in these good books experience gives an evident demonstration for the whole weeks space time enough a man would think They speake not so much of their bargaines usury buying and selling as they do upon the Sabbath day At even-tide they returne againe into the Synagogue and prayer ended they fall to their supper
the least finger in any thing which may carry any shew of labour with it or which may administer any occasion which may become a provocation to some worke or other So often as they are necessitated as in the winter time to the making of fires at sundry times to the snuffing of candles putting out of their lampes laying their meate to the fire milking their kine and such like they hire some poore serving man who is a Christian to do the same Hence they are wont to glory that they are the sole Lords Masters and Free-men of the Christians vassals and bond-slaves and they who sitting behind a hot furnace shall doe all their workes for them It were therefore in my opinion very meet and convenient that the Christian Magistrates should interdict all those that are their subjects to do any such servile workes for the Jewes either upon the Sabbath or at any other time I should have brought some certaine of their prayers for a conclusion of this Chapter in the most of which they re-member to pray against the Christians Wherein they beseech God that hee would vouchsafe to give unto the Jewes the riches of the Gentiles that he would utterly confound the Ammonites Moabites and Edomites for by this meanes they Christen us at this day that he would smite all people with great feare and vexation and stirre up great warres and tumults among the nations even from the East unto the west But because I have decreed to reserve these and many others for another tract I here omit them and conclude with the saying of the Prophet Isaiah Bring no more vain oblations CHAP. XII How the Jewes prepare themselves to celebrate the Passeover and of the celebration of it HOW the Jewes carry themselves all the weeke long daily practising the duties of modesty and godlinesse hath been hitherto declared Now it followes that wee should speake some things of those solemnities and rites wherewith they are wont to celebrate their Festivals Their feasts are of two sorts some great and famous such as those were which their Ancestours kept and held once every year comming from all quarters to the celebration of it even to Jerusalem and their appearing before the Lord Of this sort was the Feast of the Passeover the Feast of weekes or Pentecost the Feast of Tabernacles which three were commonly called Schelasch Regalim out of the booke of Exodus Other Feasts they use which they keep in those Cities wherein they dwell and inhabite which they call Jomim toâ—im that is to say good dayes The chiefe Feast among them of the first sort is the Passeover which they call by the name of Pesach and is also the first in order for from the moneth in which it is celebrated they begin to reckon their annuall Festivals and that according to the commandement of God in the Law of Moses saying This month shall bee unto you the beginning of months it shall be the first month in the yeare to you Lo the first day of the month Nisan is wherein the New Moone begins her course is the beginning of the yeare from which they begin to reckon and order aright their solemnities Their common yeare takes its beginning from the first of September by them called Tisri in the time of the new moon Hence we read of a foure-fold new yeare in the Talmud The first begins upon the first day of Nisan or March it is the new yeare wherein begins the computation of the reigns of their Kings and celebration of their Feasts The second begins upon the first day of the month Elul or August and is called the new yeare of the bringing up of cattell The third takes its beginning from the first day of Schebeth or January and it is called the new yeare for trees Rabbi Hillel saith that this year begins on the fifteenth day of the foresaid moneth The last is called the New yeare of yeares to wit of the yeare of remission of Jubilee of the planting of trees and herbes and it begin upon the first of Tisri or September So much the Talmud Which is thus to bee understood The yeare of Kings is that yeare according to which they reckon the yeares of their reigne in all Contracts Indentures Bils and Bonds made in the yeare of such or such a King so that though any King do begin his reigne a month onely or a weeke yea but a day before the first of March yet is time reckoned unto him for a whole yeare and the first of March next ensuing they begin to write the second year of his reign In the same manner the first day of March is the time from whence they begin to number their annuall Feasts and holidaies So the Feast of the Passeover is kept in the first moneth the Feast of Tabernacles in the seventh moneth and so forth 2. The beginning of August begins the yeare of the bringing up of their cattell from whence they begin to reckon the yeare and moneth in which such and such a beast was brought forth so that by this meanes they more easily pay tithe unto the Lord. 3. The first day of the new Moon in September is the beginning of yeares because from this day they have alwaies begun the computation of years from the Creation of the world to this present time The yeare of rest or remission which was the seventh yeare or Sabbaticall yeare when their fields and vines were suffered to keepe holiday took its beginning from the first day of this month as also the yeare of Jubilee which was every fiftieth yeare celebrated of which you may read in the twenty fifth Chapter of the third book of Moses From this also they began to account the times wherein they planted or grafted trees or herbes So when any tree was planted in the moneth of June then the first yeare of its planting ended in August and the second began in September c. the tree being accounted as uncleane and uncirâ—umâ—ised untill three yeares were past and gone Lastly The first day or according to Rabbi Hillel the fifteenth of January did begin the new yeare of trees and fruits for according to the time that the trees before or after this day did bring forth their fruits so were they permitted or not permitted to be eaten and according to this supputation they payed their tiâ—hes also The fruits ripening before the beginning of this month are dates and orenges and such like which were lawfull to bee eaten the yeare not run out But they which brought forth fruit which was not come to its full growth the yeare not yet ended it was not permitted unto any to eat thereof before the fifteenth day of January They payed tithes in like manner of the former sort but not of these This is at large handled in the fore-cited place of the Talmud Antonius Margarita in his booke of the faith of the Jewes saith that
the Jewes write that the trees first become sappy upon the fifteenth of January and that the pippins in peares or apples then doe turne themselves therein which experience teacheth for a truth In the Germane Minhagin it is recorded that none ought to kill a Goose in January because there is one fatall houre in this moneth in which if any man chance to kill this kind of creature hee shall surely dye a sudden death Yet if any doe it out of ignorance let him take the liver of the Goose and eat it and no danger wil ensue upon the act which Rabbi Juda Chasid confirms for a truth So much by way of digression shal suffice to be spoken of the yeares in use among the Jewes Wee now return to treat of that which was first proposed How the Jews prepare themselves to the celebration of the passeover They of the riâ—her sort among the Jewes sitting themselves for the celebration of this Feast by a thirty dayes preparation buy wheat to make unleavened bread whereof they may eat in the time of the Festivall They bestow also somewhat upon the poorer sort who cannot buy where withall to make unleavened cakes The Sabbath immediately foregoing the Feast of the passeover is among the Jewes an high and great day In this the Rabbines make an Oration to the people in which they give a tedious instruction unto the people concerning the paschall lamb and the use thereof This Sabbath they call the great Sabbath a great miracle hapning upon the same being godfather thereunto It is written in the second book of Moses the tenth day of this month they shall take to them every man a lambe according to the house of their fathers a lambe for an house And yee shall keep it up untill the fourteenth day of the same month and the whole congregation of Israel shall kill it in the evening Upon which words the Rabbines write as followeth Our fathers say they taking up their lambes upon the tenth day bound them in their foulds that they might keepe them unto the foureteenth Which the Egyptians seeing made enquiry what they meant to doe with them to whom the Israelites answered that they would kill them against the Feast of the passeover The Egyptians perceiving that they were about to slaughter and sacrifice that creature which they worshipped as a creating god for the Ram is a signe of the Zodiacke were greatly perplexed and began to imagine evill against Israel Then God wrought a miracle smiting the minds of the Egyptians with feare and amazement yea with such an agony that they were not able to wag their tongue against the children of Israel nor to afflict them with the smallest annoyance of a mischiefe Hence was say they that answer of Moses to Pharaoh It is not meet to doe so for then wee should offer unto the Lord our God that which is an abomination unto the Egyptians Loe can we sacrifice the abomination of the Egyptians before their eyes and they not stone us Abomination that is that Lambe the killing whereof will be in the eies of the Egyptians an abominable and hainous offence seeing they adore him as a God Insomuch also as it pleased the Lord so to worke with the Egyptians that they had neither strength nor power to doe any harme unto the children of Israel and that in such a miraculous manner therefore they stile this Sabbath which is the harbinger to the passeover and ushereth in the celebration by the name of the great Sabbath Againe it is written Unleavened bread shall bee eaten seven daies and there shall no leavened bread be seen with thee nor yet leaven be seen with thee in all thy quarters Out of which words they gather thus much that when the time of the Feast approacheth they ought with all diligence to seek out all the leavened bread in their houses and every parcell of leaven that may be found to wash with water all their kneading troughes and other vessels and in the second place to have in a readinesse new dough for to make unleavened bread against the Passeover Therefore two or three daies at least before the Feast they begin to brush up and make handsome all their houshold stuffe in that forme and manner which decency perswades and necessity requires In the first place they take a great Caldron used for the celebration of Festivals which they fill full of water and hanging it over the fire cause it to boile Into this they cast all their woodden and pewter vessels and after the scalding water hath sufficiently loosed the adherent filth they take them out and wash them in cold water which done every vessell is held for pure and undefiled If any thing or other by reason of the bignesse thereof cannot be put into the foresaid Caldron as a chaire stoole table or such like then they take a red hot iron or stone holding it in a paire of tongs over the table pouring water in great abundance thereupon whereby the table chaire or stoole may be washed They make no spare of water for if any part of the foresaid things be untouched therewith they remaine undefiled They daube with clay the kneading trough after it bee throughly washed and set it aside in some corner of the house They fill their great Caldrons being formerly cleansed with hot water which done they cast three live coales thereinto so fierce that they make the water to hisse againe and then wash them in cold water For the more easie cleansing of pewter and leaden vessels they use two paire of tongs with the one putting them into the Caldron and with the other taking them out to this end that by this mutuall change the vessels may bee made cleane They cast their vessels of iron as little pots dripping pans broiling irons and such like into the fire where they let them remaine untill they sparkle with heat and then they are clean in estimation They fill their brasse and iron mortars with coales binding a thread about them which by the vehemency of the heat being burnt asunder showes the purification to be perfect A mortar of stone ought to be new cut or engraven Briefly it is necessarily required that all vessels of what sort soever be in every part so exactly cleansed and purified that not the smallest signe or token of that unâ—leannesse signified by the leaven may be really extant or obvious to the sense for whosoever eates meat out of any dish or platter in the time of the passeover that dish or platter being unclean he commits as hainous a sin as if hee had slept with a menstruous woman Just then was that reprehension given by our Saviour unto the Pharisees Ye lay the commandement of God apart and observe the traditions of men as the washing of pots and of cups and many other such like things you doe And he said unto them well you reject the commandements of God that you may