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A43670 A sermon preached before the Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and citizens of London, at Bow-church on the 30th, of January, 1681/2 by George Hickes. Hickes, George, 1642-1715. 1682 (1682) Wing H1864; ESTC R12553 30,557 44

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mean when we cannot escape betwixt denying and dying for the faith It would be endless to cite all the passages in the Gospel which show it to be an obedient peaceable meek and suffering doctrine and so far from being prejudicial to Caesar's autority that it makes him the Minister of God and commands its professors to give him and all that are put in autority under him their dues and rather dye than resist them by force Render unto Caesar saith Christ the things that are Caesar's and unto God the things that are God's And ye must needs be subject saith St. Paul and for this cause pay ye tribute because they are God's Ministers Therefore render to all of them their dues tribute to whom tribute custom to whom custom fear to whom fear and honour to whom honour is due Hitherto we have seen what Christianity taught as to active and passive obedience unto Caesar Let us now proceed to enquire what the primitive Christians practised and begin our enquiry at the practice of the Founder of it Jesus Christ As for him as he taught so he lived he verified his own doctrine and exemplified his own precepts both as to active and passive obedience for as Justin Martyr told the Emperor he paid tribute unto Caesar as well as other Jews of the Province and rather than resist the lawfull autority which sent to apprehend him he let himself be led as a lamb to the slaughter saying unto Peter who drew his sword Put up thy sword into his place for all they that take the sword shall perish by the sword and thinkest thou if I would resist that I cannot pray to my Father and he would presently give me more than twelve legions of Angels And when he was arraigned of high treason before Pilate for calling himself a King he made his defence in these words * Joh. 18.36 My kingdome is not of this world for if my kingdome were of this world then would my servants fight that I should not be delivered to the Jews but I own my self to be Caesar's subject and my kingdome is not from hence Thus he set the example and the Apostles the next Promulgers of the Gospel followed his steps For the first time they were beaten by the Sanhedrin for preaching Jesus and the Resurrection they * Acts 5.41 rejoiced that they were counted worthy to suffer for his holy Name Saint Paul in particular speaking of his stripes above measure of his frequent imprisonments and of his being so often near death I glory saith he in these things which concern mine infirmities as he calls his sufferings and persecutions and exhorts the whole Church of Corinth to endure sufferings after the example of the Apostles who as he tells them were pressed above measure and above strength and who despaired of life having the sentence of death continually in themselves Yet in all this they finned not nor never so much as thought of resisting the powers but still suffered according to the will of God committing their souls unto him as unto a faithfull Creator And therefore when Tertullus in the name of the Sanhedrin accused Paul for a mover of Sedition before Foelix he denied the charge saying They neither found me in the Temple disputing with any man nor raising up the people neither in the Synagogues nor in the City neither can they prove these things whereof they now accuse me Nay so eminent was the patience and passive obedience of the primitive Christians that St. Paul applies this Text unto them out of the Psalmist For thy sake are we killed all the day long we are counted as sheep for the slaughter They followed the Lamb that was slain they overcame the Dragon by the blood of the Lamb they washed their garments in wine and their clothes in the mystical blood of grapes and if any man saith St. John have an ear to hear let him hear He that killeth with the sword shall be killed with the sword Here is the faith and patience of the Saints And as the Apostles followed the Lamb so their disciples and successors followed them For St. Ignatius the Disciple of St. John gloried in the bonds in which he was carried from Antioch to Rome and rejoiced to think as he speaks in his Epistle to the Romans That he was not of the tares but of the wheat which was to be ground by the teeth of the wild beasts to make the pure bread of God That whole Epistle is † Such as 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 full of divine and heroical strains of Christian patience and courage and in his Epistle to the Church of Smyrna speaking of his sufferings he saith 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 He that is near the sword is near God and he that is in the Theatre among the wild beasts is as it were in the midst of God He suffered at a time when Christians suffered in multitudes and when they were in a condition to resist For Pliny in his Epistle to the Emperor about the Christians told him † L. 20. Ep. 97. Visa est enim mihi res digna consultatione maximè proptu periclitantium numerum multi enim omnis aetatis omnis ordinis utriusque sexûs etiam vocantur in periculum vocabuntur neque enim civitates tantum sed vicos etiam atque agros superstitionis istius contagio pervagata est Certe satis constat prope jam desolata templa sacra solemnia diù intermissa That the contagion of the Christian Religion had so infected the Towns Cities and Villages of Bythinia that the Temples were become desolate and the solemnities of the Gods almost quite left of And Tiberianus his President of Palestine in a Letter to his Majesty upon the same occasion told him that he was * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 weary with killing the Christians who discovered themselves unsought for and multiplied the more the more they were put to death So early were the Christians in a probable capacity of defending themselves but yet rather than doe so by resisting the lawfull Powers they were led like Lambs to the slaughter and like sheep that were dumb before their shearers they opened not their mouths About Fifty years after this when the Christians were grown far more numerous Justin Martyr told the Emperor Antoninus That they were the most innocent and obedient of all his Subjects taking care above all things according to the precepts and example of their Master † 2 Apol. p. 64. to pay him all his customs and tribute and that next after God they loved and obeyed his Majesty acknowledging Emperors and Rulers to be ordained of God and praying always that together with his Imperial power he might enjoy a sound and sober mind And Polycarp Bishop of Smyrna another Disciple of St. John who suffered about this time bespoke the President who had commanded him to swear by the Emperor's-Genius in the name of the Christians thus
a curse in all places and yet we see they are so far from undoing what they formerly did and abhorring themselves for their former practices that if you compare the former and these later things which have hapned together you will find them speaking to the people in the very same Prologue and already entred upon the same prelude that preceeded the beginning of that Execrable Tragedy which they concluded this day Search in the books of the Records of your fathers and you shall find and know that the men of these unchristian principles have been a rebellious people hurtful to Kings and Princes and that they have of old time moved Sedition within this City and Kingdom and turned the world upside down And since the same principles will upon the same occasion eternally act the same things it behoves us as we are Christians and Subjects to beware of them and as we tender our private and publick welfare to be very vigilant over them lest by their hands we be brought again to confusion Anarchy and blood But in the last place if these principles and the practices of the Pharisees that held them have been so contrary to the principles and practices of Christ and the primitive Christians we may see how much it is our duty to mourn and lament for such apparent and grievous violations of the Gospel by Gospel-professors but especially for the last Scene of that horrid Tragedy of rebellion which they acted this day That such a wickedness should be committed in our Israel in a Protestant Country upon a Protestant King and by Protestant Subjects pretending to so much light ought to make us ashamed and blush to lift up our eyes to Heaven and weep were it possible tears of blood Was it thus that we rendred unto Caesar the things that are Caesars Was it thus that we owned him to be Gods Minister and our duty to obey him not only for wrath but Conscience-sake Was this the way to be subject to principalities and powers and did we thus submit our selves for the Lords sake to the King as Supream and unto those that were sent by him Was it thus that we resisted unto blood Did we thus learn of Christ and was it thus that we contended for the purity of the Gospel We I say because so many of all ranks and conditions were engaged in that unchristian Rebellion which brought on this detestable act as to make them both national crimes All that any way slandered the King and his Government all that endeavoured to make him odious or contemptible to his people all that preached or printed or spoke Sedition all that raised uproars and tumults all that furnished plate or money or set forth men horse or arms against him Nay all that had evil will unto him how much soever they pretended to the Spirit were more or less in Gods eyes guilty of the Rebellion which was begun by the Representatives of the people and all along carried on in their name Great reason therefore have we and the children that shall come after us the men of Judah and the Inhabitants of Jerusalem all Israel that are near and that are far off to be humbled before God for this abomination and for our own sins and the sins of our fathers which hath caused him to pour forth the curse and bring so great an evil upon us as on this day It was for our iniquities that We our King and our Priests were delivered to the Sword to Captivity and to a spoil and to confusion of face on this day May it please God to hear the prayers and accept the humiliation of his people and divert his heavy judgments which seem to hang over us for such an execrable fact May it please him by the precious blood of Christ which speaketh better things than that of Abel to purge the whole Nation from the guilt of all the righteous blood which was shed in it from that Noble blood of which our Soveraign did repent to his own which was shed upon this day Oh that it may neither ly upon us nor upon our children oh that the voice of it may not cry unto God for vengeance from the ground and oh that his Soul like the Souls of the Martyrs under the Altar be not yet crying out how long O Lord holy and true dost Thou not judge and avenge my blood Grant this O Blessed Jesu for the infinite merits of thy own blood which was shed for those that shed it and which is a full perfect and sufficient atonement for the sins of the whole world Amen FINIS BOOKS Printed for Walter Kettilby at the Bishop's-head in St. Paul's Church-Yard THE Spirit of Popery speaking out of the mouths of Phanatical Protestants or the last Speeches of John Kid and John King two Presbyterian Ministers Fol. Dr. Hick's Spirit of Enthusiasm a Sermon preached at the Act at Oxford Peculium Dei A Sermon before the Lord Mayor True Notion of Persecution a Sermon Mr. Long 's History of the Donatists Octav. 's Character of a Separatist Octav. 's Answer to Hales of Schism with Mr. Baxter's Arguments for Conformity Octav. 's Plea for Peace Impleaded against Mr. Baxter Mr. Hallywel's Excellency of the Christian Religion Oct. 's Account of Familism against the Quakers Oct. 's Sacred method of saving humane Souls by Jesus Christ Oct. 's Melampronea a discourse of the Polity of the Kingdom of Darkness Octav. Mr. Hotchkis discourse of the Imputation of Christ's Righteousness Oct. 2d Discourse with a Postscript against Dr. Owen Dr. Worthington's great duty of Self-resignation Oct. Dr More 's Reply to an Answer to his Antidote against Idolatry with an Appendix Octav. 's Remarks on the L. Hales's two Discourses of Gravitation and Non-Gravitation of Fluids and the Torricellian Experiment Oct. 's Exposition on the Revelation Quar. on Daniel Quar. 's Answer to Butler of Judicial Astrology Quar. H. Mori Opera Theologica Philosophica Fol. 3 Vol. Dr. Fowler 's Libertas Evangelica Oct. 's Sermon before the Judges at Gloucester Quar. Mr. Kidder's discourse of Christian Fortitude Oct. Dr. Falkener's Libertas Ecclesiastica Oct. 's Christian Loyalty Oct. 's Vindication of Liturgies Oct. Mr. Scot's Discourse of the Christian life Oct. 's Sermon before the Artillery Company Allen's Perswasive to peace and unity amongst Christins 's Friendly address to the Nonconformists Oct. 's Mystery of Iniquity against the Papists Oct. 's Discourse of Divine assistance Oct. 's Danger of Enthusiasm against the Quakers Against Ferguson of Justification Oct. 's Christians justification stated Oct. 's Practical discourse of Humility Oct. Dr. Grove's Vindication of the Conforming Clergy against Jenkins 's Responsio ad Celeusma Quar. 's Defence of the Church and Clergy of England Burnetii TELLVRIS THEORIA SACRA The Roman wonder being truth confest by Papists fol. Dr. W. Smith's unjust mans doom and discourse of partial conformity Oct. 's 2 Assize Sermons at St. Edmundsbury 's 2 Sermons at Norwich 's Sermon the 4th Sunday in Lent Quar. Protestant Loyalty fairly drawn to the Life being an Answer to a Dialogue between a Tutor and a Pupil at Oxford and the Impartial account of the late Addresses Quar. Mr. Cutlov's 2 Sermons at the Assizes at St. Edmundsbury Brown's Visitation Sermon at Halstead in Essex Inet's Sermon at the Assizes at Warwick Quar.
difficult times and bless you with long Life and Prosperity after you shall retire from it and I am sure there are great numbers in this City who will heartily join in this Prayer with Your Lordship's Most Faithfull and Obedient Servant George Hickes A SERMON Preached before the LORD MAYOR Jan. 30. 1681 2. ACTS xvii 7. And these doe all contrary to the decrees of Caesar saying That there is another King one Jesus The Context before is this These that have turned the World upside down are come hither also whom Jason hath received and These AS it is natural to all men to be of some Religion so it is natural unto them to be Inquisitive after the best So that neither the autority of their Ancestors nor the Legal Establishment nor the force of Education can overcome their Curiosity or keep them from hearking to new Prophets or Teachers of new Religions and new Gods Hence it hath come to pass that the most dangerous Enemies of any Government have usually been projectors in Religion pretending a great Zeal for the right God or the right Worship and under that pretence have accused the established Religion of Falsness or Faultiness either that it was not the true Religion or if it were yet that it was not so Reformed and Pure as it ought to be These Seditious pretences have obliged most Governments to secure themselves by Penal Laws against Innovations in Religion having found by Long and frequent Experience that Innovators in Sacred were commonly Innovators in Civil matters and that the plausible pretence of reforming the Church did usually end in the ruine both of Church and State For this reason as † De Leg. L. 1. Separatim nemo habessit Deos neve novos sed ne advenas nisi publicè adscitos privatim colunto constructa à patribus delubra habento Cicero tells us it was Enacted among the Romans that no man should presume to worship any new or strange Gods nor the Gods of the Countrey in private Meetings or according to private Rites or Ceremonies but in the Temples and after the way of their Ancestors which was established by Law These Ecclesiastical Laws of the ancient Romans were part of the twelve Tables which they borrowed from the Athenians among whom they were originally enacted and by virtue of which Socrates was condemned and St. Paul above 400 years after him arraigned at the Supreme Tribunal of that City for a Setter-forth of strange Gods In this state did Christianity find the World at its first publication armed with Penal and Sanguinary Laws against Innovations in Religion and the Emperour and Imperial Powers more especially jealous of Jewish Prophets and Teachers because Judas of Galilee Theudas Barohosbas and other false Messiases had frequently drawn the Jews into tumults seditions and rebellions which was the reason that the Romans always kept a strong guard in the Temple and that the chief Captain asked St. Paul if he were that Egyptian meaning Theudas who formerly made an Uproar and led out into the Wilderness 4000 men that were Murtherers The Emperour and his Presidents being thus made jealous of Innovators in Religion in any Province but especially in Judaea the unbelieving Jews took this advantage to traduce our Saviour and after him his Disciples before them in every City and Country where they came They † Dial. cum Tryph. 335. c. 348. b. 350. 363. 371. Ed. Par. 1615. followed them for this purpose from place to place and moreover made special use of the Doctrine of Christ's Kingdome to make the Roman Governours and Officers believe that their Doctrine was inconsistent with the Government that they were enemies to Caesar and his autority and had a secret design upon the Empire cloked under the specious pretence of Religion and when this would not succeed they stirred up the Rabble of all the Cities where they came to make tumults and uproars against them as † Just Mart. dial Tryph. p. 234. Atheists against the Deities of the Empire or Setters-forth of strange Gods This I shall prove at large in the following Discourse in which I shall proceed according to this familiar Method First I shall shew that it was an old charge against the primitive professors of the Christian Religion that they were enemies to Caesar and did all things contrary to his decrees 2. I shall prove that this charge was most malicious and unjust 3. I shall enquire whether any Modern professors of the Christian Religion be guilty of this heavy charge And last of all I shall conclude with some Practical Reflexions proper to the Times and the business of this day I. It hath been an old charge upon the professors of the Christian Religion that they were enemies to Caesar and did all things contrary to his Laws A charge as old as the Founder of it Christ himself whom the whole Multitude of the Jews accused before Pilate saying * Luk. 23.2 We have found this fellow perverting the Nation and forbidding to give tribute unto Caesar and saying that he himself is a King And when Pilate being convinced of his innocence sought to release him they cried out the more earnestly saying * Joh. 19.12 If thou lettest this man go thou art not Caesar's friend Whosoever maketh himself a King as this Malefactor doth speaketh against Caesar And Acts 24.5 We find the whole Sanhedrin of the Jews at Cesaraea accusing Paul before the tribunal of Foelix the Governour that he was the Ringleader of the Nazarenes a pestilent fellow and a mover of Sedition among all the dispersed Jews throughout the Empire And so in my Text The unbelieving Jews of Thessalonica moved with envy took certain lewd fellows of the baser sort and gathered a company and set all the City in an uproar against Paul and Silas and assaulted the house of Jason where they lay but when they found them not they drew Jason and some other brethren to the Ruler of the City crying These that have turned the world upside down are come hither also and Jason hath received them and they doe all things contrary to the Laws and Edicts of Caesar and say there is another King one Jesus The like † Epist Eccles Smyrn de Martyrio Polycarp apud Euseb 4.15 clamour and outcry the Rabble of the unbelieving Jews and Gentiles made against Polycarp Bishop of Smyrna at the time of his Martyrdom crying out against him to the Governour that he should cast him to the Lyons and when he answered them he could not because the Spectacular sports were concluded then they cry'd out Burn him burn him just as the Jews cried out against Christ to Pilate Crucify him crucify him And Just Martyr in his Dial. with Trypho † p. 234. tells him how his Countrymen the Jews sent the best men they had from Jerusalem into all parts of the world to Calumniate and mis-represent the Christians From whence I question not but it came