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world_n	holy_a	son_n	trinity_n	2,763	5	9.8407	5	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A05339	Noua Francia: or The description of that part of Nevv France, which is one continent with Virginia Described in the three late voyages and plantation made by Monsieur de Monts, Monsieur du Pont-Graué, and Monsieur de Poutrincourt, into the countries called by the Frenchmen La Cadie, lying to the southwest of Cape Breton. Together with an excellent seuerall treatie of all the commodities of the said countries, and maners of the naturall inhabitants of the same. Translated out of French into English by P.E.; Histoire de la Nouvelle France. English. Selections	Lescarbot, Marc.; Erondelle, Pierre, fl. 1586-1609.	1609 (1609)	STC 15491; ESTC S109397	246,659	330

and that they haue no power but that which God hath giuen them That we beleeue in that great God who by his goodnesse did send vnto vs his dearely beloued Son who being conceiued by the Holy Ghost tooke humane flesh within the virgin wombe of the Virgin Mary hauing been 33. yeeres on earth working infinit miracles raising vp the dead healing the sicke driuing out Diuels giuing sight to the blinde shewing vnto men the wil of God his Father for to serue honour and worship him hath spilled his bloud and suffered death and passion for vs and for our sinnes and redeemed mankind being buried and risen againe went downe into hell and ascended vp into Heauen where he sitteth at the right hand of God his father That this was the beleefe of all Christians which doe beleeue in the Father in the Sonne and in the holy Ghost which be not for all that three Gods but are one selfesame and one onely God and one Trinity wherein there is nothing before nor after nothing greater nor lesser That the Virgin Mary Mother to the Sonne of God and all men and women that haue liued in this world doing Gods commandements and suffered Martyrdome for his name and who by the permission of God haue wrought miracles and are Saints in Heauen in his Paradise pray all for vs vnto this great diuine Maiestie to pardon vs our faults and sinnes which we do against his law and commandements And so by the Saints praiers in Heauen and by our owne that we make to his diuine Maiestie he giueth vs what we haue need of and the Diuell hath no power ouer vs and can doe vs no hurt That if they had this beleefe they should be eue as we are That the Diuell should not be able to doe them any more harme and they should not want what should be needfull for them Then the said Sagamo said vnto mee that he granted all that I said I demanded of him what ceremony they vsed in praying to their God he told me that they vsed no other ceremony but that euery one did pray in his heart as he would This is the cause why I beleeue there is no law among them neither doe they know what it is to worship or pray to God and liue the most part as brute beasts And I beleeue that in short time they might be brought to be good Christians if one would inhabit their land which most of them doe desire They haue among them some Sauages whom they call Pilotoua who speake visibly to the Diuell and he telleth them what they must doe as well for warres as for other things And if he should command them to goe and put any enterprise in execution or to kill a French man or any other of their nation they will immediately obey to his command They beleeue also that all their dreames are true and indeed there be many of them which doe say that they haue seene and dreamed things that doe happen or shall come to passe but to speake thereof in truth they be visions of the Diuell who doth deceiue and seduce them So farre Monsieur Champleins report As for our Souriquois and other their neighbours I can say nothing else but that they are destitute of all knowledge of God haue no Adoration neither doe they make any diuine seruice liuing in a pitifull ignorance which ought to touch the hearts both of Christian Princes and Prelates who very often doe employ vpon friuolous things that which would be more than sufficient to establish there many Colonies which would beare their names about whom these poore people would flocke and assemble themselues I do not say they should goe thither in Person for their presence is heere more necessary and besides euery one is not fit for the Sea but there are so many persons well disposed that would imploy themselues on that if they had the meanes They then that may doe it are altogether vnexcusable Our present age is fallen as one might say into an Astorgie wanting both loue and Christian charity and retaine almost nothing of that fire which kindled our Fathers either in the time of our first Kings or in the time of the Croisades for the holy land yea contrariwise if any venture his life and that little meanes he hath vpon this generous Christian worke the most part doe mocke him for it like to the Salamandre which doth not liue in the middest of flames as some doe imagine but is of so cold a nature that shee killeth them by her coldnesse Euery one would runne after treasures and would carry them away without paines taking and afterward to liue frolike but they come too late for it and they should haue enough if they did beleeue as is meet to doe in him that hath said Seeke first the kingdome of God and all these things shall be giuen vnto you ouer and aboue Let vs returne to our Sauages for whose conuersion it resteth vnto vs to pray to God that it will please him to open the meanes to make a plentifull haruest to the further manifestation of the Gospell for ours and generally all those people euen as farre as Florida inclusiuely are very easie to be brought to the Christian religion according as I may coniecture of them which I haue not seene by the discourse of Histories But I finde that there shall be more facility in them of the neerer lands as from Cap-Breton to Malebarre because they haue not any shew of religion for I call not religion vnlesse there be some Latria and diuine seruice nor tillage of ground at least as farre as Chouakoet which is the chiefest thing that may draw men to beleeue as one would by reason-that out from the Earth commeth all that which is necessarie for the life after the generall vse we haue of the other Elements Our life hath chiefely need of meat drinke and clothing These people as one may say haue nothing of all that for it is not to be called couered to be alwaies wandring and lodged vnder foure stakes and to haue a skinne vpon their backe neither doe I call eating and liuing to eat all at once and starue the next day not prouiding for the next day Whosoeuer then shall giue bread and clothing to this people the same shall be as it were their God they will beleeue all that he shall say to them Euen as the Patriarch Iacob did promise to serue God if he would giue him bread to eat and garments to couer him God hath no name for all that wee can say cannot comprehend him But we call him God because hee giueth And man in giuing may by resemblance be called God Cause saith S. Gregorie Nazianzene that thou beest a God towards the needie in imitating Gods mercifulnesse For man hath nothing so diuine in him as benefits The heathen haue knowen this and amongst others Pliny when he saith that it is a great

Membertou he taried yet one day But it was pitious to see at his departing those poore people weepe who had beene alwaies kept in hope that some of ours should alwaies tarry with them In the end promise was made vnto them that the yeare following housholds and families should be sent thither wholly to inhabit their land and teach them trades for to make them liue as we doe which promise did somewhat comfort them There was left remaining ten hogsheads of Meale which were giuen to them with the Corne that we had sowed and the possession of the Mannour if they would vse it which they haue not done For they cannot be constant in one place and liue as they doe The eleuenth of August the said Monsieur De Poutrincourt departed with eight in his company from the said Port Royall in a Shaloup to come to Campseau A thing maruellously dangerous to crosse so many baies and seas in so small a vessell laden with nine persons with victuals necessary for the voyage and reasonable great quantity of other stuffe Being arriued at the Port of Captaine Saualet he receiued them all as kindly as it was possible for him And from thence they came to vs to the said Port of Campseau where we taried yet eight daies The third day of September we weighed ankers and with much adoe came we from among the rockes that be about the said Campseau Which our Mariners did with two shaloups that did carry their ankers very farre into the sea for to vphold our ship to the end she should not strike against the rockes Finally being at sea one of the said shaloups was let goe and the other was taken into the Ionas which besides our lading did carry 100000. of fish as well drie as greene We had reasonable good winde vntill we came neere to the lands of Europe But we were not ouercloied with good cheere because that as I haue said they who came to fetch vs presuming we were dead did cramme themselues with our refreshing commodities Our workmen dranke no more wine after we had left Port Royall And we had but small portion thereof because that which did ouer abound with vs was drunke merrily in the company of them that brought vs newes from France The 26. of September we had sight of the Sorlingues which be at the lands end of Cornewall in England and the 28. thinking to come to Saint Maloes we were forced for want of good wind to fall into Roscoff in Base Bretaigne where we remained two daies and a halfe refreshing our selues We had a Sauage who wondred very much seeing the buildings steeples and Wind-mils in France yea also of the women whom he had neuer seene clothed after our maner From Roscoff giuing thankes to God we came with a good winde vnto Saint Maloes Wherein I cannot but praise the watchfull foresight of our Master Nicolas Martin in hauing so skilfully conducted vs in such a nauigation and among so many bankes and dangerous rocks wherewith the coast from the Cap of Vshant to Saint Maloes is full If this man be praise worthie in this his action Captaine Foulques deserueth no lesse praises hauing brought vs thorow so many contrary windes into vnknowen lands where the first foundations of New France haue beene laid Hauing taried three or foure daies at Saint Maloes Monsieur De Poutrincourts sonne and my selfe went to Mount Saint Michael where wee saw the relikes all sauing the Buckler of this holy Archangell It was told vs that the Lord Bishop of Auranches had foure or fiue yeares ago forbidden to shew it any more As for the building it meriteth to be called the 8. wonder of the world so faire and great is it vpon the point of one only rocke in the middest of the waues at full sea True it is that one may say that the sea came not thither when the said building was made But I will replie that howsoeuer it be it is admirable The complaint that may be made in this respect is that so many faire buildings are vnprofitable in these our daies as in the most part of the Abbies of France And would to God that by some Archimedes means they might be transported into New France there to be better emploied to Gods seruice and the Kings At the returne we came to see the fishing of Oysters at Cancale After we had soiorned eight daies at Saint Maloes we came in a Barke to Honfleur where Monsieur De Poutrincourt his experience stood vs in good stead who seeing our Pilots at their wits end when they saw themselues betweene the Iles of Ierzy and Sare not being accustomed to take that course where we were driuen by a great winde East South-East accompanied with fogs and rain he tooke his sea-chard in hand and plaied the part of a Pilot in such sort that we passed the Raz Blanchart a dangerous passage for small Barkes and we came easily following the coast of Normandie to Honfleur for which eternall praises be giuen to God Amen Being at Paris the said Monsieur De Poutrincourt presented the King with the fruits of the land from whence he came and especially the Corne Wheat Rie Barly and Oates as being the most precious thing that may bee brought from what country soeuer It had beene very fit to vow these first fruits to God and to place them in some church among the monuments of triumph with more iust cause than the ancient Romanes who presented to their country Gods and Goddesses Terminus Seia and Segesta the first fruits of their tillage by the hands of the Priests of the fields instituted by Romulus which was the first order in new Rome who had for Blason a hat of the eares of Corne. The said Monsieur De Poutrincourt had bred tenne Outards taken from the shell which he thought to bring all into France but fiue of them were lost and the other fiue he gaue to the King who delighted much in them and they are at Fonteine Belleau Vpon the faire shew of the fruites of the said Country the King did confirme to Monsieur De Monts the priuiledge for the trade of Beuers with the Sauages to the end to giue him meanes to establish his Colonies in New France And by this occasion he sent thither in March last Families there to begin Christian and French Common-wealths which God vouchsafe to blesse and increase The said ships being returned we haue had report by Monsieur De Champ-dorè and others of the state of the Country which we had left and of the wonderfull beauty of the Corne that the said Monsieur De Poutrincourt had sowed before his departure together of the graines that be fallen in the gardens which haue so increased that it is an incredible thing Membertou did gather six or seuen barrels of the corne that we had sowed and had yet one left which he reserued for the

We are taught I beleeue it so that though there were but one man to be saued our Lord Iesus Christ had not disdained to come as well for him as he hath done for all the world In like maner one must not make so smal account of the saluation of these poore people though they swarme not in number as within Paris or Constantinople Seeing it auailed me nothing in demanding for a Church-man to administer the Sacrament vnto vs be it during our nauigation or vpon the land The ancient custome of the Christians came into my minde which going in voyage did carry with them the holy bread of the Eucharist and this did they because they found not in all places Priests to administer this Sacrament vnto them the world being then yet full either of Heathens or Heretickes So that it was not vnproperly called Viatic which they carried with them trauelling on the way yet notwithstanding I am of opinion that it hath a spirituall meaning And considering that we might be brought to that necessity not hauing in New France but one Priest onely of whose death wee heard when we came thither I demanded if they would doe vnto vs as to the ancient Christians who were as wise as we I was answered that the same was done in that time for considerations which are not now at this daie I replied that Satirus Saint Ambroses brother going on a voyage vpon the sea serued himselfe with this spirituall Physicke as we read in his funerall oration made by his said brother Saint Ambrose which he did carry in Orario which I take to be a lynnen cloth or taffita and well did it happen vnto him by it For hauing made ship-wracke he saued himselfe vpon a bord left of his vessels wracke But I was as well refused in this as of the rest Which gaue mee cause of wondring seeming to me a very rigorous thing to be in worse condition then the first Christians For the Eucharist is no other thing at this day then it was then And if they held it precious we doe not demand it to make lesser account thereof Let vs returne to our Ionas Now shee was laden and brought out of the towne into the roade there resteth nothing more than fit weather tide which was the hardest of the matter For in places where is no great depth as in Rochell one must tarry for the high tydes of the full and new Moones and then paraduenture the winde will not be fit and so one must deferre till a fortnights time In the meane while the season goeth away as it was almost with vs. For we saw the houre that after so many labours and charges we were indanger to tary for lacke of winde because the Moone was in the waine and consequently the tyde Captaine Foulques did not seeme to affect his charge making no ordinary stay in the ship and it was reported that other Merchants not being of Monsieur De Monts his societie did secretly solicite him to breake off the voyage And indeed it hath beene thought that he caused vs to make wrong courses which kept vs two monethes and a halfe at sea as heereafter we shall see Which thing the said Monsieur De Poutrincourt perceiuing himselfe tooke vpon him the charge of Captaine of the ship and went to lie in her the space of fiue or six daies for to get out with the first winde and not to loose the opportunity In the end with much a doe the eleuenth day of May 1606. by the fauour of a small Easterly winde he went to sea and made our Ionas to be brought to the Palisse and the next day being the 12. of the same moneth came againe to Chef de bois which be the places where ships put themselues for shelter from windes where the hope of New France was assembled I say the hope because that of this voyage did depend the continuance or totall breach of the enterprise CHAP. XI Their departure from Rochell Sundry meetings of ships and Pirats Stormy Sea about the Açores and whence it proceeds Why the West windes are frequent in the West sea From whence the winds doe come Porpeses doe prognosticate stormes meanes to take them the describing of them of stormes their effects of Calmes what is a gust of Winde how it is made the effects thereof the boldnesse of mariners how reuerence is giuen to the Kings ship the supputation of the voyage hot sea then cold the reason of it and of the banckes of Ice in New-found Land THe Saturday Whitsoneue 13. of May we weighed our anckers and sailed in open sea so that by little and little wee lost the sight of the great towers and town of Rochell then of the Iles of Rez Oleron bidding France farewell It was a thing fearefull for them that were not vsed to such a dance to see them caried vpon so moueable an ellement and to be at euery moment as it were within two fingers bredth to death We had not long sailed but that many did their endeuour to yeeld vp the tribute to Neptune In the meane while we went still forward for there was no more going backe the plancke being once taken vp The 16. of May we met with 13. Holanders going for Spaine which did inquire of our voyage and so held their course Since that time we were a whole moneth seeing nothing else out of our floting towne but Skie and water one ship excepted neere about the Açors well filled with English and Dutchmen They bare vp with vs and came very neere vs. And according to the maner of the sea we asked them whence their ship was They told vs they were New-found-land men that is to say going a fishing for New-found-land-fish And they asked vs if we would accept of their companie we thanked them therupon they dranke to vs and we to them and they tooke another course But hauing considered their vessell all set with greene mosse on the belly and sides we iudged them to be Pirates that they had of a long time beaten the sea in hope to make some prise It was then that we began to see more than before Neptunes sheepe to skip vp so doe they call the frothy waues when the sea beginneth to sturand to feele the hard blowes of his Trident. For commonly in that place before named the sea is stormy If one aske me the cause why I wil answer that I thinke it to proceed of a certaine conflict between the East westerly windes which doe encounter in that part of the sea and especially in Summer when the West windes doe rise vp and with a great force pierce and passe thorow a great distance of sea vntill they finde the windes of these parts which doe resist them Then it is dangerous for a ship to be at these windy encounters This reason seemeth the more probable vnto me in this

keepe chastitie and seldome is any found that breaketh it Yea I haue heard oftentimes say that in yeelding the dutie to the husband they make themselues oftentimes to be constrained which is rare in these parts For the Gaulloise women are renowned by Strabo to bee good Porters I meane fruitfull and breeders and contrariwise I doe not see that the people doe abound as in these parts although that they all labour for generation and that Polygamie is ordinarie with them which was not among the ancient Gaullois nor among the Germans though they bee a more rustike people True it is that our Sauages doe kill one an other daily and are alwaies in feare of their enemies keeping watches vpon their frontiers This frigidity of Venus bringeth an admirable and incredible thing among these women and which was not to be found euen among the wiues of the holy Patriarch Iacob which is that although they be many wiues to one husband for Polygamie is receiued thorow all that New world notwithstanding there is no iealousie among them which is in Brasill a hot Country as well as Canada But as for the men they are in many places very iealous and if the wife be found faulty she shall be put away or in danger to be killed by her husband And in that as for the spirit of ielousie there needes not so many ceremonies as those that were done amongst the Iewes recited in the booke of Numbers And as for diuorcement not hauing the vse of letters they doe it not in writing in giuing to the wife a bill signed by a publike notary As S. Augustin doth note speaking of the said Iewes but are contented to cell to the parents and vnto her that she prouide for her selfe and then she liueth in common with the others vntill that some body doe seeke after her This law of putting away hath beene receiued almost among all Nations exexcept among the Christians which haue kept this precept of the Gspell that which God hath ioyned together let no man put a sunder Which is most expedient and lesse scandalous And very wisely did Ben-Sira answer who is said to haue beene nephew to the Prophet Ieremy being asked of one who had a leaud wife how hee should doe by her Gnaw saith he that bone which is fallen to thee As for the widows I will not affirme that which Iames Quartier hath said of them in generall but I will say that where we haue beene they staine their faces with blacke when they please and not alwaies if their husband hath beene killed they will not marry againe nor eat flesh vntill they haue seene the reuenge of his death And so we haue seene the daughter of Membertou to practise it who after the warre made to the Armouchiquois heereafter described did marrie againe Except in that case they make no other difficulty to marry againe when they finde a fit match Sometimes our Sauages hauing many wiues will giue one of them to their friend if he hath a desire to take her in marriage and shall be thereby so much disburdened Touching maidens that be loose if any man hath abused of them they will tell it at the first occasion and therfore it is bad iesting with them for the chastisement ought to bee very rigorous against them that mingle the Christian blood with the Infidels and for the keeping of this iustice Monsieur de Ville-gagnon is praised euen by his enemies And Phinees the Sonne of Eleazar the Sonne of Aron because he was zealous of the law of God and appeased his wrath which was about to exterminate the people for such a sinne had the couenant of perpetuall Priest-hood promised to him and to his posterity CHAP. XIIII The Tabagie THe ancient haue said Sine Cerere Baccho friget Venus that is without Ceres and Bacchus Venus is cold Hauing then married our Sauages it is meet to make dinner ready and to vse them after their owne maner And for to doe it one must consider the times of the marriage For if it be in Winter they will haue Venison from the woods if it be in the Spring time or in Summer they will make prouision of fish As for bread there is no talke of it from the North of New-found-land vntill one come to the country of the Armouchiquois vnlesse it be in trucking with French-men for whom they tarry vpon the sea shoares sitting on their tailes like apes as soone as the Spring time is come and receiue in exchange for their skins for they haue no other merchandise bisket beanes peasen and meale The Armouchiquois and other Nations more remote besides hunting and fishing haue wheat called Mais and beanes which is a great comfort vnto them in time of necessity They make no bread with it for they haue neither Millnor Ouen and they cannot knead it otherwise than in stamping it in a morter and in gathering those peeces the best they can they make small cakes with it which they bake betweene two hot stones Most often they drie this Corne at the fire and parch it vpon the coales And after that maner did the ancient Italians liue as Plinie saith And therefore one must not so much wonder at these people seeing that they which haue called others barbarous haue beene as barbarous as they If I had not recited heeretofore the maner of the Sauages Tabagi or banket I would make heere a larger description But I will onely say that when we went to the Riuer Saint Iohn being in the towne of Ouigoudi so may I well call a place enclosed replenished with people we saw in a great thicket 80. Sauages all naked except the middle parts making Tabaguia with meale they had of vs whereof they had kettels full Euery one had a dish made with the barke of a tree and a spoone as deep as the palme of ones hand or more and with this they had venison besides And heere is to be noted that he which entertaineth the others doth not dine but serueth the company as very often the Bridegroomes doe heere in France The women were in an other place apart and did not eat with the men Wherein may be noted a bad vse among those people which haue neuer beene vsed among the nations of these parts specially the Gaullois and Germains which haue admitted the women not onely in their banquets but also in their publike counsels specially with the Gaullois after they had pacified a great warre which arose betweene them and did decide the controuersie with such equitie as Plutarch saith that thereby ensued a greater loue than euer before And in the treaty that was made with Annibal being entred into Gallia to goe against the Romans itw as said that if the Carthaginienses had any difference against the Gaullois it should bee decided by the aduice of the Gaulloise women It was not so in Rome where their condition was so