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antiochus_n his_o ambassador_n press_v they_o to_o be_v neuter_n the_o roman_a ambassador_n reply_v as_o to_o what_o he_o have_v remonstrate_v that_o it_o be_v most_o useful_a and_o most_o consistent_a with_o the_o interest_n of_o your_o state_n not_o to_o engage_v yourselves_o in_o our_o war_n their_o be_v nothing_o more_o contrary_a and_o pernicious_a for_o if_o you_o do_v not_o concern_v yourselves_o you_o will_v assure_o become_v a_o prey_n to_o the_o conqueror_n without_o any_o thanks_o or_o reputation_n and_o it_o will_v always_o be_v that_o he_o who_o have_v least_o kindness_n for_o you_o will_v tempt_v you_o to_o be_v neuter_n but_o they_o that_o be_v your_o friend_n will_v invite_v you_o to_o take_v up_o arms._n and_o those_o prince_n who_o be_v ill_o advise_v to_o avoid_v some_o present_a danger_n follow_v the_o neutral_a way_n be_v most_o common_o ruin_v
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achieve_v that_o excellent_a end_n without_o justify_v himself_o from_o have_v any_o indirect_a and_o base_a one_o and_o procure_v trust_n from_o man_n by_o clear_v the_o repute_n of_o his_o justice_n and_o integrity_n to_o they_o but_o although_o this_o be_v far_o from_o my_o case_n yet_o i_o have_v yield_v you_o see_v to_o the_o entreaty_n of_o guilio_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o that_o company_n not_o only_o because_o i_o be_o sufficient_o both_o by_o the_o restraint_n of_o our_o press_n and_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o person_n i_o write_v to_o assure_v that_o this_o letter_n will_v never_o be_v make_v public_a but_o for_o that_o i_o esteem_v it_o a_o duty_n to_o clear_v that_o excellent_a society_n from_o the_o scandal_n of_o have_v so_o dangerous_a and_o pernicious_a a_o person_n to_o be_v a_o member_n of_o their_o conversation_n for_o by_o reason_n of_o my_o age_n and_o since_o the_o loss_n of_o our_o liberty_n and_o my_o suffering_n under_o that_o monster_n of_o lust_n and_o cruelty_n alexander_n de_fw-fr medeci_fw-fr set_v over_o we_o by_o the_o divine_a vengeance_n for_o our_o sin_n i_o can_v be_v capable_a of_o no_o other_o design_n or_o enjoyment_n than_o to_o delight_n and_o be_v delight_v in_o the_o company_n of_o so_o many_o choice_n and_o virtuous_a person_n who_o now_o assemble_v themselves_o with_o all_o security_n under_o the_o happy_a and_o hopeful_a reign_n of_o our_o new_a prince_n cosimo_n and_o we_o may_v say_v that_o though_o our_o commonwealth_n be_v not_o restore_v our_o slavery_n be_v at_o a_o end_n and_o that_o he_o come_v in_o by_o our_o own_o choice_n my_o prove_v if_o i_o have_v as_o good_a skill_n in_o prophesy_v as_o i_o have_v have_v former_o ancestor_n to_o many_o renown_a prince_n who_o will_v govern_v this_o state_n in_o great_a quietness_n and_o with_o great_a clemency_n so_o that_o our_o posterity_n be_v like_a to_o enjoy_v case_n and_o security_n though_o not_o that_o greatness_n wealth_n and_o glory_n by_o which_o our_o city_n have_v for_o some_o year_n past_a even_o in_o the_o most_o factious_a and_o tumultuous_a time_n of_o our_o democracy_n give_v law_n to_o italy_n and_o bridle_v the_o ambition_n of_o foreign_a prince_n but_o that_o i_o may_v avoid_v the_o loquacity_n incident_a to_o old_a man_n i_o will_v come_v to_o the_o business_n if_o i_o remember_v well_o the_o exception_n that_o be_v take_v to_o these_o poor_a thing_n i_o have_v publish_v be_v reducible_a to_o three_o first_o that_o in_o all_o my_o write_n i_o infinuate_v my_o great_a affection_n to_o the_o democratical_a government_n even_o so_o much_o as_o to_o undervalue_v that_o of_o monarchy_n in_o respect_n of_o it_o which_o last_o i_o do_v not_o obscure_o in_o many_o passage_n teach_v and_o as_o it_o be_v persuade_v the_o people_n to_o throw_v off_o next_o that_o in_o some_o place_n i_o vent_v very_o great_a impiety_n slight_v and_o villify_n the_o church_n as_o author_n of_o all_o the_o misgovernment_n in_o the_o world_n and_o by_o such_o contempt_n make_v way_n for_o atheism_n and_o profaneness_n and_o last_o that_o in_o my_o book_n of_o the_o prince_n i_o teach_v monarch_n all_o the_o execrable_a villainy_n that_o can_v be_v invent_v and_o instruct_v they_o how_o to_o break_v faith_n and_o to_o oppress_v and_o enslave_v their_o subject_n i_o shall_v answer_v something_o to_o every_o one_o of_o these_o and_o that_o i_o may_v observe_v a_o right_a method_n will_v begin_v with_o the_o first_o have_v live_v in_o a_o age_n when_o our_o poor_a country_n and_o government_n have_v suffer_v more_o change_n and_o revolution_n than_o ever_o do_v perhaps_o befall_v any_o people_n in_o so_o short_a a_o time_n and_o have_v have_v till_o the_o take_n of_o florence_n my_o share_n in_o the_o manage_n of_o affair_n during_o almost_o all_o these_o alteration_n sometime_o in_o the_o quality_n of_o secretary_n of_o our_o city_n and_o sometime_o employ_v in_o embassage_n abroad_o i_o set_v myself_o to_o read_v the_o history_n of_o 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successful_a of_o all_o government_n of_o that_o kind_n upon_o earth_n and_o in_o my_o discourse_n upon_o it_o follow_v the_o order_n of_o my_o author_n without_o ever_o take_v upon_o i_o to_o argue_v problematical_o much_o less_o to_o decide_v which_o of_o these_o two_o government_n be_v the_o best_a if_o from_o my_o way_n of_o handle_v matter_n in_o my_o discourse_n upon_o livy_n and_o from_o those_o incomparable_a virtue_n and_o great_a action_n we_o read_v of_o in_o that_o history_n and_o from_o the_o observation_n i_o make_v man_n will_v conclude_v which_o be_v i_o must_v confess_v my_o opinion_n that_o the_o excellency_n of_o those_o counsel_n and_o achievement_n and_o the_o improvement_n which_o mankind_n and_o as_o i_o may_v so_o say_v humane_a nature_n itself_o obtain_v among_o the_o roman_n do_v proceed_v natural_o from_o their_o government_n and_o be_v but_o a_o plain_a effect_n and_o
though_o cleomenes_n be_v a_o single_a person_n kill_v the_o ephori_fw-la as_o be_v say_v before_o and_o romulus_n his_o brother_n and_o titus_n tatius_n and_o afterward_o employ_v their_o authority_n to_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o public_a yet_o it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o the_o subject_n neither_o of_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o be_v so_o vicious_a or_o deprave_a as_o those_o of_o who_o we_o have_v treat_v in_o this_o chapter_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v able_a to_o do_v what_o they_o please_v and_o excuse_v it_o when_o it_o be_v do_v chap._n xix_o though_o a_o weak_a prince_n succeed_v a_o excellent_a the_o government_n may_v stand_v but_o if_o one_o weak_a prince_n succeed_v another_o it_o be_v impossible_a if_o the_o virtue_n and_o conduct_n of_o romulus_n numa_n and_o tullius_n the_o three_o first_o king_n of_o rome_n be_v consider_v it_o will_v be_v find_v to_o have_v be_v much_o for_o the_o advantage_n of_o that_o city_n to_o have_v its_o first_o king_n martial_a and_o fierce_a the_o second_o king_n quiet_a and_o religious_a and_o the_o three_o like_o the_o first_o active_a and_o warlike_a again_o for_o as_o after_o the_o first_o institution_n it_o be_v necessary_a there_o shall_v be_v somebody_o to_o dispose_v the_o people_n to_o way_n of_o religion_n and_o civil_a conversation_n so_o it_o be_v necessary_a again_o after_o that_o that_o the_o next_o king_n shall_v reassume_v the_o vigour_n and_o magnanimity_n of_o their_o predecessor_n otherwise_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o citizen_n will_v have_v grow_v effeminate_a and_o the_o city_n have_v become_v a_o prey_n to_o any_o of_o its_o neighbour_n wherefore_o it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o a_o prince_n not_o altogether_o so_o valiant_a and_o enterprize_v may_v maintain_v the_o government_n upon_o the_o score_n of_o his_o predecessor_n and_o enjoy_v the_o fruit_n of_o his_o courage_n and_o labour_n but_o if_o it_o happen_v he_o be_v long_o live_v and_o that_o he_o be_v not_o succeed_v by_o a_o martial_a prince_n to_o revive_v the_o activity_n of_o the_o founder_n the_o government_n must_v necessary_o be_v ruin_v on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o two_o prince_n immediate_o succeed_v be_v martial_a and_o heroic_a they_o be_v observe_v to_o do_v great_a thing_n and_o to_o advance_v the_o government_n exceed_o david_n without_o doubt_n be_v a_o person_n no_o less_o excellent_a in_o military_a experience_n than_o in_o learning_n and_o wisdom_n and_o so_o great_a be_v his_o courage_n that_o he_o leave_v his_o kingdom_n to_o his_o son_n solomon_n in_o quiet_a and_o peace_n who_o by_o art_n of_o peace_n rather_o than_o war_n enjoy_v it_o happy_o his_o time_n upon_o account_n of_o his_o father_n but_o he_o can_v not_o leave_v it_o to_o rehoboam_n as_o he_o have_v receive_v it_o of_o his_o father_n for_o rehoboam_n be_v neither_o like_o his_o grandfather_n in_o courage_n nor_o his_o father_n in_o wisdom_n succeed_v scarce_o to_o the_o six_o part_n of_o his_o empire_n bajazet_n the_o turkish_a scholar_n though_o more_o studious_a of_o peace_n than_o of_o war_n enjoy_v the_o labour_n of_o mahomet_n his_o father_n who_o have_v like_o david_n subdue_v all_o his_o neighbour_n leave_v he_o a_o kingdom_n entire_a that_o may_v be_v peaceable_o maintain_v but_o have_v bazjazet_n son_n selimus_n now_o reign_v take_v after_o his_o father_n and_o not_o his_o grandfather_n that_o empire_n have_v be_v ruin_v but_o he_o outgo_v the_o glory_n of_o his_o grandfather_n from_o hence_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o after_o a_o excellent_a &_o magnificent_a prince_n a_o pusillanimous_a may_v succeed_v and_o the_o government_n stand_v but_o if_o one_o poor-spirited_a prince_n succeed_v another_o immediate_o it_o be_v impossible_a it_o shall_v subsist_v unless_o like_a france_n it_o be_v support_v by_o its_o old_a custom_n and_o law_n i_o call_v those_o prince_n weak_a and_o pusillanimous_a who_o be_v not_o conversant_a nor_o addict_v to_o the_o exercise_n of_o arm_n and_o do_v conclude_v that_o the_o tranquillity_n of_o numas_n reign_n which_o continue_v for_o many_o year_n be_v to_o be_v attribute_v to_o the_o courage_n and_o activity_n of_o romulus_n which_o be_v revive_v again_o in_o tullus_n the_o three_o king_n after_o who_o follow_v ancus_n a_o prince_n of_o so_o excellent_a a_o temper_n that_o he_o know_v how_o to_o comport_v as_o well_o in_o the_o calm_n of_o peace_n as_o the_o tempest_n of_o war_n his_o first_o practice_n be_v gentle_a and_o by_o method_n of_o peace_n but_o find_v he_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o effeminate_a and_o grow_v contemptible_a to_o his_o neighbour_n he_o perceive_v the_o way_n to_o preserve_v his_o dignity_n be_v to_o betake_v himself_o to_o martial_a course_n and_o manage_v his_o affair_n rather_o like_o romulus_n than_o numa_n from_o hence_o a_o useful_a example_n for_o all_o prince_n may_v be_v take_v and_o it_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o whoever_o be_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o a_o state_n and_o follow_v the_o example_n of_o numa_n may_v either_o keep_v it_o or_o lose_v it_o according_a to_o the_o different_a circumstance_n of_o fortune_n or_o time_n but_o he_o who_o imitate_v romulus_n and_o be_v arm_v with_o wisdom_n and_o prowess_n shall_v be_v sure_a to_o keep_v it_o unless_o some_o extraordinary_a and_o irresistible_a power_n intervene_v to_o supplant_v he_o and_o it_o be_v in_o probability_n to_o be_v think_v that_o have_v not_o the_o three_o king_n of_o rome_n prove_v a_o martial_a prince_n and_o one_o who_o know_v by_o his_o arm_n to_o recover_v his_o decline_a reputation_n he_o can_v never_o or_o with_o great_a difficulty_n have_v regain_v it_o or_o perform_v those_o exploit_n which_o he_o do_v afterward_o so_o that_o whilst_o rome_n be_v a_o monarchy_n and_o under_o the_o government_n of_o king_n it_o be_v under_o a_o double_a danger_n of_o destruction_n either_o by_o the_o mildness_n or_o the_o tyranny_n of_o its_o prince_n chap._n xx._n two_o good_a prince_n immediate_o succeed_v may_v do_v great_a thing_n and_o wellgrounded_n commonwealth_n have_v always_o a_o virtuous_a succession_n their_o conquest_n and_o acquisition_n must_v of_o necessity_n be_v according_a when_o monarchy_n be_v banish_v by_o the_o roman_n their_o danger_n be_v banish_v with_o they_o and_o they_o lie_v under_o no_o fear_n of_o either_o weak_a prince_n or_o tyrant_n for_o the_o command_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v put_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o consul_n who_o come_v to_o that_o authority_n not_o by_o inheritance_n or_o any_o indirect_a or_o violent_a ambition_n but_o by_o the_o suffrage_n of_o the_o people_n and_o be_v always_o excellent_a person_n the_o city_n of_o rome_n enjoy_v from_o time_n to_o time_n the_o benefit_n of_o their_o fortune_n and_o virtue_n may_v without_o much_o difficulty_n arrive_v at_o the_o high_a top_n of_o greatness_n and_o dignity_n as_o it_o do_v in_o the_o same_o number_n of_o year_n as_o it_o be_v under_o the_o government_n of_o king_n for_o we_o see_v in_o the_o example_n of_o philip_n of_o macedon_n and_o his_o son_n alexander_n the_o great_a that_o a_o succession_n of_o two_o martial_a prince_n without_o a_o peaceable_a interpose_v be_v sufficient_a to_o conquer_v the_o world_n and_o if_o it_o be_v possible_a in_o a_o monarchy_n it_o be_v easy_a in_o a_o commonwealth_n in_o who_o power_n it_o be_v to_o elect_v not_o only_o two_o but_o a_o infinite_a and_o continue_a succession_n of_o virtuous_a person_n so_o that_o in_o a_o well-ordered_a commonwealth_n the_o succession_n be_v constant_o good_a chap._n xxi_o how_o much_o that_o prince_n or_o commonwealth_n be_v to_o be_v condemn_v which_o neglect_v to_o train_v up_o soldier_n of_o its_o own_o the_o prince_n and_o commonwealth_n of_o our_o time_n if_o to_o defend_v themselves_o or_o offend_v their_o enemy_n as_o occasion_n serve_v they_o be_v unable_a to_o bring_v soldier_n of_o their_o own_o into_o the_o field_n they_o may_v thank_v themselves_o and_o acknowledge_v with_o tullus_n that_o it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o want_v of_o capacity_n in_o their_o subject_n as_o want_v of_o wisdom_n in_o they_o for_o neglect_v to_o train_v they_o for_o when_o tullus_n come_v to_o the_o crown_n rome_n have_v be_v forty_o year_n together_o in_o peace_n during_o all_o numa_n reign_n and_o there_o be_v not_o a_o man_n to_o be_v find_v who_o have_v ever_o see_v the_o face_n of_o a_o enemy_n nevertheless_o his_o own_o design_n be_v martial_a he_o resolve_v to_o make_v no_o use_n of_o the_o samnite_n or_o tuscan_n or_o any_o other_o mercenary_a but_o as_o a_o wise_a prince_n to_o discipline_n his_o own_o and_o his_o art_n and_o experience_n be_v such_o that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n he_o make_v they_o excellent_a soldier_n and_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o certain_a than_o that_o where_o man_n be_v unapt_a for_o war_n the_o fault_n be_v not_o in_o the_o situation_n or_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n
the_o work_n of_o the_o famous_a nicholas_n machiavelli_n citizen_z and_o secretary_z of_o florence_n write_a original_o in_o italian_a and_o from_o thence_o new_o and_o faithful_o translate_v into_o english_a london_n print_v for_o john_n starkey_n charles_n harper_n and_o john_n amery_n at_o the_o mitre_n the_o flower-de-luce_n and_o the_o peacock_n in_o fleetstreet_n 1680._o license_v febr._n 2._o 1674._o the_o several_a treatise_n contain_v in_o this_o book_n 1._o the_o history_n of_o florence_n 2._o the_o prince_n 3._o the_o original_a of_o the_o guelf_n and_o ghibilin_n faction_n 4._o the_o life_n of_o castruccio_n castracani_n 5._o the_o murder_n of_o vitelli_n etc._n etc._n by_o duke_n valentino_n 6._o the_o state_n of_o france_n 7._o the_o state_n of_o germany_n 8._o the_o discourse_n on_o titus_n livius_n 9_o the_o art_n of_o war._n 10._o the_o marriage_n of_o belphegor_n a_o novel_a 11._o nicholas_n machiavel_n letter_n in_o vindication_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o write_n the_o publisher_n to_o the_o reader_n concern_v the_o follow_a letter_n courteous_a reader_n it_o have_v be_v usual_a with_o most_o of_o those_o who_o have_v translate_v this_o author_n into_o any_o language_n to_o spend_v much_o of_o their_o time_n and_o paper_n in_o tax_v his_o impiety_n and_o confute_v his_o error_n and_o false_a principle_n as_o they_o be_v please_v to_o call_v they_o if_o upon_o perusal_n of_o his_o write_n i_o have_v find_v he_o guilty_a of_o any_o thing_n that_o can_v deceive_v the_o simple_a or_o prejudice_v the_o rest_n of_o mankind_n i_o shall_v not_o have_v put_v thou_o to_o the_o hazard_n of_o read_v he_o in_o thy_o own_o language_n but_o rather_o have_v suffer_v he_o still_o to_o sleep_v in_o the_o obscurity_n of_o his_o own_o than_o endanger_v the_o world_n but_o be_v very_o well_o assure_v of_o the_o contrary_a and_o that_o the_o age_n will_v rather_o receive_v advantage_n than_o damage_n by_o this_o publication_n i_o do_v yet_o think_v that_o it_o be_v fit_a to_o say_v something_o in_o a_o preface_n to_o vindicate_v our_o author_n from_o those_o slander_n which_o priest_n and_o other_o bias_v pen_n have_v lay_v upon_o he_o but_o still_o i_o think_v that_o it_o may_v prove_v a_o bold_a and_o presumptuous_a undertake_n and_o may_v excite_v laughter_n for_o a_o person_n of_o my_o small_a part_n and_o ability_n to_o apologise_v for_o one_o of_o the_o great_a wit_n and_o profound_a judgement_n that_o ever_o live_v among_o the_o modern_n in_o this_o perplexity_n i_o have_v the_o good_a fortune_n to_o meet_v with_o this_o letter_n of_o his_o own_o write_n which_o have_v deliver_v i_o from_o those_o scruple_n and_o furnish_v i_o with_o a_o opportunity_n of_o justify_v this_o great_a person_n by_o his_o own_o pen._n receive_v then_o this_o choice_a piece_n with_o benignity_n it_o have_v never_o before_o be_v publish_v in_o any_o language_n but_o lurk_v for_o above_o 80_o year_n in_o the_o private_a cabinet_n of_o his_o own_o kindred_n and_o the_o descendants_n of_o his_o own_o admirer_n in_o florence_n till_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o pontisicat_fw-la of_o vrbane_n the_o 8_o it_o be_v procure_v by_o the_o jesuit_n and_o other_o busybody_n and_o bring_v to_o rome_n with_o a_o intention_n to_o divert_v that_o wise_a pope_n from_o his_o design_n of_o make_v one_o of_o nicholas_n machiavel_n name_n and_o family_n cardinal_n as_o notwithstanding_o all_o their_o opposition_n he_o do_v not_o long_o after_o when_o it_o be_v get_v into_o that_o city_n it_o want_v not_o those_o who_o have_v the_o judgement_n and_o curiosity_n to_o copy_v it_o and_o so_o at_o length_n come_v to_o enjoy_v that_o privilege_n which_o all_o rare_a piece_n even_o the_o sharp_a libel_n and_o pasquil_n challenge_v in_o that_o court_n which_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v to_o stranger_n one_o of_o which_o be_v a_o gentleman_n of_o this_o country_n bring_v it_o over_o with_o he_o at_o his_o return_n from_o thence_o in_o the_o year_n 1645._o and_o have_v translate_v it_o into_o english_a do_v communicate_v it_o to_o divers_a of_o his_o friend_n and_o by_o mean_n of_o some_o of_o they_o it_o have_v be_v my_o good_a fortune_n to_o be_v capable_a of_o make_v thou_o a_o present_a of_o it_o and_o let_v it_o serve_v as_o a_o apology_n for_o our_o author_n and_o his_o write_n if_o thou_o think_v he_o need_v any_o i_o must_v confess_v i_o believe_v his_o work_n require_v little_a but_o rather_o praise_n and_o admiration_n yet_o i_o wish_v i_o can_v as_o well_o justify_v one_o undertake_v of_o his_o not_o long_o after_o the_o write_n of_o this_o letter_n for_o we_o find_v in_o the_o story_n of_o those_o time_n that_o in_o the_o month_n of_o august_n follow_v in_o the_o same_o year_n 1537._o this_o nicolo_n machiavelli_n except_o there_o be_v another_o of_o that_o name_n be_v commit_v prisoner_n to_o the_o bargello_n among_o those_o who_o be_v take_v in_o arm_n against_o cosimo_n at_o the_o castle_n of_o montemurli_fw-la notwithstanding_o all_o his_o compliment_n in_o this_o letter_n to_o that_o prince_n and_o profess_a obligation_n to_o he_o if_o this_o be_v so_o we_o must_v impute_v it_o to_o his_o too_o great_a zeal_n to_o concur_v with_o the_o desire_n of_o the_o universality_n at_o that_o time_n in_o restore_v the_o liberty_n of_o their_o country_n which_o have_v so_o far_o dazzle_v the_o judgement_n even_o of_o great_a and_o wise_a man_n that_o thou_o â—eest_v many_o grave_a author_n among_o the_o ancient_n have_v even_o commend_v and_o deify_v the_o ingratitude_n and_o treachery_n of_o brutus_n and_o cassius_n but_o certain_o this_o crime_n of_o he_o will_v have_v be_v much_o more_o unpardonable_a if_o he_o have_v live_v to_o see_v his_o own_o prophecy_n fulfil_v in_o the_o person_n and_o descendants_n of_o this_o great_a cosimo_n for_o there_o be_v never_o any_o succession_n of_o prince_n since_o the_o world_n begin_v in_o which_o all_o the_o royal_a virtue_n and_o other_o quality_n necessary_a to_o those_o who_o rule_n over_o man_n be_v more_o eminent_o perspicuous_a than_o in_o every_o individual_a of_o this_o line_n so_o that_o those_o people_n have_v as_o little_a cause_n as_o ever_o any_o have_v to_o lament_v the_o change_n of_o their_o government_n their_o great_a duke_n have_v be_v true_o father_n of_o their_o country_n and_o treat_v their_o subject_n like_o child_n though_o their_o power_n be_v above_o all_o limitation_n above_o all_o fundamental_a law_n but_o they_o have_v no_o law_n be_v a_o law_n to_o themselves_o i_o can_v choose_v but_o instance_n in_o some_o few_o of_o their_o benefit_n to_o their_o people_n first_o the_o make_v the_o river_n arno_n navigable_a from_o pisa_n to_o florence_n in_o a_o year_n of_o dearth_n that_o so_o the_o poor_a may_v be_v set_v on_o work_n and_o have_v bread_n and_o the_o traffic_n of_o both_o city_n infinite_o facilitated_a their_o make_n at_o their_o own_o charge_n a_o canal_n from_o livorne_v to_o pisa_n their_o erect_n at_o pisa_n a_o famous_a university_n pay_v the_o professor_n who_o be_v eminent_a for_o learning_n and_o discharge_v all_o other_o incidency_n out_o of_o their_o own_o revenue_n beside_o the_o raise_n stately_a building_n for_o school_n and_o library_n their_o sound_n a_o renown_a order_n of_o knighthood_n and_o keep_v the_o chapter_n in_o the_o same_o city_n and_o order_v a_o considerable_a number_n of_o knight_n constant_o to_o reside_v there_o both_o which_o be_v intend_v and_o perform_v by_o they_o to_o increase_v the_o concourse_n and_o restore_v the_o wealth_n to_o the_o once_o opulent_a inhabitant_n of_o that_o place_n their_o new_a building_n fortify_v and_o enfranchize_v livorne_v that_o even_o by_o the_o abolish_n their_o own_o custom_n they_o may_v enrich_v their_o subject_n and_o make_v that_o port_n as_o it_o now_o be_v the_o magazine_n of_o all_o the_o levant_n trade_n and_o last_o their_o not_o have_v in_o 140_o year_n ever_o levy_v any_o new_a tax_n upon_o their_o people_n except_v in_o the_o year_n 1642._o to_o defend_v the_o liberty_n of_o italy_n against_o the_o barbarini_n these_o thing_n will_v merit_v a_o panegyric_n if_o either_o my_o part_n or_o this_o short_a advertisement_n will_v admit_v it_o i_o shall_v conclude_v then_o after_o i_o have_v bear_v a_o just_a and_o dutiful_a testimony_n to_o the_o merit_n of_o the_o prince_n who_o now_o govern_v that_o state_n in_o who_o if_o all_o the_o princely_a virtue_n and_o endowment_n shall_v be_v lose_v they_o may_v be_v find_v and_o restore_v again_o to_o the_o world_n as_o some_o ingenious_a artist_n in_o the_o last_o age_n retrieve_v the_o art_n of_o sculpture_n by_o certain_a bas_fw-fr relievos_fw-la remain_v on_o some_o pillar_n and_o wall_n at_o rome_n the_o prudence_n magnanimity_n charity_n liberality_n and_o above_o all_o the_o humanity_n courtesy_n and_o affability_n of_o this_o prince_n though_o they_o exceed_v my_o
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or_o senate_n and_o the_o congegation_n or_o popular_a assembly_n have_v their_o share_n and_o that_o he_o manifest_v his_o high_a displeasure_n when_o the_o rebellious_a people_n will_v turn_v it_o into_o a_o monarchy_n but_o that_o i_o may_v not_o strike_v upon_o the_o rock_n i_o profess_v to_o shun_v i_o shall_v pass_v to_o that_o which_o be_v indeed_o â—it_a to_o be_v wipe_v off_o and_o which_o if_o it_o be_v true_a will_v not_o only_o just_o expose_v i_o to_o the_o hatred_n and_o vengeance_n of_o god_n and_o all_o good_a man_n but_o even_o destroy_v the_o design_n and_o purpose_n of_o all_o my_o write_n which_o be_v to_o treat_v in_o some_o sort_n as_o well_o as_o one_o of_o my_o small_a part_n can_v hope_v to_o do_v of_o the_o politic_n and_o how_o can_v any_o man_n pretend_v to_o write_v concern_v policy_n who_o destroy_v the_o most_o essential_a part_n of_o it_o which_o be_v obedience_n to_o all_o government_n it_o will_v be_v very_o easy_a then_o for_o guilio_n salviati_n or_o any_o other_o member_n of_o our_o society_n to_o believe_v the_o protestation_n i_o make_v that_o the_o animate_v of_o private_a man_n either_o direct_o or_o indirect_o to_o disobey_v much_o less_o to_o shake_v off_o any_o government_n how_o despotical_a soever_o be_v never_o in_o my_o thought_n or_o write_n those_o who_o be_v unwilling_a to_o give_v credit_n to_o this_o may_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o assign_v in_o any_o of_o my_o book_n the_o passage_n they_o imagine_v to_o tend_v that_o way_n for_o i_o can_v think_v of_o none_o myself_o that_o so_o i_o may_v give_v such_o person_n more_o particular_a satisfaction_n i_o must_v conâ—ess_v i_o have_v a_o discourse_n in_o one_o of_o my_o book_n to_o encourage_v the_o italian_a nation_n to_o assume_v their_o ancient_a valour_n and_o to_o expel_v the_o barbarian_n mean_v as_o the_o ancient_a roman_n use_v the_o word_n all_o stranger_n from_o among_o we_o but_o that_o be_v before_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n have_v quiet_a possession_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n or_o the_o emperor_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o milan_n so_o that_o i_o can_v not_o be_v interpret_v to_o mean_v that_o the_o people_n of_o those_o two_o dominion_n shall_v be_v stir_v up_o to_o shake_v off_o their_o prince_n because_o they_o be_v foreigner_n since_o at_o that_o time_n lodovic_n sforza_n be_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o one_o and_o k._n frederick_n restore_v to_o the_o other_o both_o native_n of_o italy_n but_o my_o design_n be_v to_o exhort_v our_o countryman_n not_o to_o suffer_v this_o province_n to_o be_v the_o scene_n of_o the_o arm_n and_o ambition_n of_o charles_n the_o 8_o or_o k._n lewis_n his_o successor_n who_o when_o they_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o renew_v the_o old_a title_n of_o the_o house_n of_o anjou_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n come_v with_o such_o force_n into_o italy_n that_o not_o only_o our_o good_n be_v plunder_v and_o our_o land_n waste_v but_o even_o the_o liberty_n of_o our_o city_n and_o government_n endanger_v but_o to_o unite_v and_o oppose_v they_o and_o to_o keep_v this_o province_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o prince_n of_o our_o own_o nation_n this_o my_o intention_n be_v so_o visible_a in_o the_o chapter_n it_o sell_v that_o i_o need_v but_o refer_v you_o to_o it_o yet_o that_o i_o may_v not_o answer_v this_o imputation_n bare_o by_o deny_v i_o shall_v assert_v in_o this_o place_n what_o my_o principle_n be_v in_o that_o which_o the_o world_n call_v rebellion_n which_o i_o believe_v to_o be_v not_o only_o rise_v in_o arm_n against_o any_o government_n we_o live_v under_o but_o to_o acknowledge_v that_o word_n to_o extend_v to_o all_o clandestine_v conspiracy_n too_o by_o which_o the_o peace_n and_o quiet_a of_o any_o country_n may_v be_v interupt_v and_o by_o consequence_n the_o life_n and_o estate_n of_o innocent_a person_n endanger_v rebellion_n then_o so_o describe_v i_o hold_v to_o be_v the_o great_a crime_n that_o can_v be_v commit_v among_o man_n both_o against_o policy_n morality_n and_o in_o foro_fw-la conscientiae_fw-la but_o notwithstanding_o all_o this_o it_o be_v a_o offence_n which_o will_v be_v commit_v whilst_o the_o world_n last_v as_o often_o as_o prince_n tyrannize_v and_o by_o enslave_v and_o oppress_v their_o subject_n make_v magistracy_n which_o be_v intend_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o mankind_n prove_v a_o plague_n and_o destruction_n to_o it_o for_o let_v the_o terror_n and_o the_o guilt_n be_v never_o so_o great_a it_o be_v impossible_a that_o humane_a nature_n which_o consist_v of_o passion_n as_o well_o as_o virtue_n can_v support_v with_o patience_n and_o submission_n the_o great_a cruelty_n and_o injustice_n whenever_o either_o the_o weakness_n of_o their_o prince_n the_o unanimity_n of_o the_o people_n or_o any_o other_o favourable_a accident_n shall_v give_v they_o reasonable_a hope_n to_o mend_v their_o condition_n and_o provide_v better_o for_o their_o own_o interest_n by_o insurrection_n so_o that_o prince_n and_o state_n ought_v in_o the_o conduct_n of_o their_o affair_n not_o only_o to_o consider_v what_o their_o people_n be_v bind_v to_o submit_v to_o if_o they_o be_v inspire_v from_o heaven_n or_o be_v all_o moral_a philosopher_n but_o to_o weigh_v likewise_o what_o be_v probable_a de_fw-fr facto_fw-la to_o fall_v out_o in_o this_o corrupt_a age_n of_o the_o world_n and_o to_o reflect_v upon_o those_o dangerous_a tumult_n which_o have_v happen_v frequent_o not_o only_a upon_o oppression_n but_o even_o by_o reason_n of_o malversation_n and_o how_o some_o monarchy_n have_v be_v whole_o subvert_v and_o change_v into_o democracy_n by_o the_o tyranny_n of_o their_o prince_n as_o we_o see_v to_o say_v nothing_o of_o rome_n the_o powerful_a canton_n of_o switzerland_n bring_v by_o that_o mean_v a_o little_a before_o the_o last_o age_n to_o a_o considerable_a commonwealth_n court_v and_o seek_v to_o by_o all_o the_o potentate_n
retire_v and_o seek_v out_o other_o country_n for_o their_o establishment_n and_o plantation_n in_o those_o day_n canton_n the_o ancient_a empire_n of_o rome_n be_v reduce_v under_o these_o prince_n zeno_n govern_v in_o constantinople_n command_v the_o whole_a empire_n of_o the_o east_n the_o ostrogoti_n command_v mesia_n the_o visigoti_n pannonia_n the_o suevi_n and_o alani_n gascoigne_n and_o spain_n the_o vandali_n africa_n the_o franchi_n and_o burgundi_fw-la france_n the_o eruli_n and_o turingi_n italy_n the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o ostrogoti_n be_v devolve_v upon_o a_o nephew_n of_o velamir_n call_v theodorick_n who_o retain_v a_o amity_n with_o zeno_n emperor_n of_o the_o east_n write_v he_o word_n that_o his_o ostrogoti_fw-la be_v in_o valour_n superior_a to_o other_o nation_n they_o think_v it_o injust_a and_o unreasonable_a to_o be_v inferior_a in_o territory_n and_o command_n and_o that_o it_o will_v be_v impossible_a for_o he_o to_o confine_v they_o within_o the_o limit_n of_o pannonia_n that_o be_v therefore_o necessitate_v to_o comply_v and_o suffer_v they_o to_o take_v up_o arm_n in_o quest_n of_o new_a country_n he_o can_v do_v no_o less_o than_o give_v he_o timely_a advertisement_n that_o he_o may_v provide_v against_o the_o worst_a and_o if_o he_o please_v assign_v they_o some_o other_o country_n which_o by_o his_o grace_n and_o favour_n they_o may_v inhabit_v with_o more_o latitude_n and_o convenience_n whereupon_o zeno_n partly_o out_o of_o fear_n and_o partly_o desirous_a to_o drive_v odoacre_n out_o of_o italy_n ravenna_n direct_v theodorick_n against_o he_o and_o give_v he_o that_o country_n for_o his_o pain_n when_o it_o be_v his_o fortune_n to_o catch_v it_o theodorick_n accept_v the_o proposition_n remove_v from_o pannonia_n where_o he_o leave_v the_o zepidi_n his_o friend_n and_o march_v into_o italy_n slay_v odoacre_n and_o his_o sâ—n_n call_v himself_o king_n of_o rome_n by_o his_o example_n and_o make_v ravenna_n his_o residence_n upon_o the_o same_o reason_n as_o have_v prevail_v before_o with_o valentinian_n theodorick_n be_v a_o excellent_a person_n both_o in_o war_n and_o peace_n in_o the_o first_o he_o be_v always_o victor_n in_o the_o last_o a_o continual_a benefactor_n as_o that_o city_n and_o that_o nation_n experiment_v often_o he_o divide_v his_o ostrogoti_n into_o several_a country_n appoint_v governor_n over_o they_o that_o may_v command_v in_o time_n of_o war_n and_o correct_v in_o time_n of_o peace_n he_o enlarge_a ravenna_n and_o repair_v rome_n and_o restore_v all_o its_o privilege_n except_o its_o military_a discipline_n without_o any_o noise_n or_o tumult_n of_o war_n by_o his_o own_o single_a wisdom_n and_o authority_n he_o keep_v all_o the_o barbarian_a prince_n who_o have_v cantonize_v the_o empire_n in_o their_o just_a bound_n he_o build_v several_a town_n and_o castle_n between_o the_o adriatick-sea_n and_o the_o alps_o to_o obstruct_v any_o new_a incursion_n by_o the_o barbarian_n and_o have_v not_o his_o many_o virtue_n be_v sully_v and_o eclipse_v towards_o his_o latter_a end_n by_o some_o cruelty_n he_o commit_v upon_o a_o jealousy_n of_o be_v depose_v as_o the_o death_n of_o symmachus_n and_o boetius_fw-la both_o of_o they_o virtuous_a man_n do_v sufficient_o declare_v his_o memory_n will_v have_v be_v this_o day_n as_o honourable_a as_o his_o person_n be_v then_o for_o by_o his_o virtue_n and_o bounty_n not_o only_a rome_n and_o italy_n but_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o western_a empire_n be_v free_v from_o the_o continual_a conflict_n which_o for_o so_o many_o year_n it_o endure_v by_o the_o frequent_a irruption_n of_o the_o barbarian_n and_o reduce_v into_o good_a order_n and_o condition_n and_o certain_o if_o any_o time_n be_v ever_o miserable_a in_o italy_n and_o those_o province_n which_o be_v overrun_v by_o the_o barbarian_n they_o be_v the_o time_n betwixt_o the_o reign_n of_o aâ—cadius_n and_o honorius_n and_o his_o for_o if_o it_o be_v consider_v what_o inconvenience_n and_o damage_n do_v general_o result_v to_o a_o commonwealth_n or_o kingdom_n upon_o alteration_n of_o prince_n or_o government_n especial_o if_o effect_v not_o by_o foreign_a force_n but_o civil_a dissension_n if_o it_o be_v observe_v how_o fatal_a the_o least_o change_n prove_v to_o commonwealth_n or_o kingdom_n how_o potent_a soever_o it_o may_v easy_o be_v imagine_v how_o much_o italy_n and_o other_o province_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n suffer_v in_o those_o day_n lose_v not_o only_a their_o government_n but_o their_o law_n custom_n conversation_n religion_n language_n habit_n and_o even_o their_o name_n the_o thought_n of_o any_o one_o of_o which_o thing_n without_o so_o great_a a_o accumulation_n will_v make_v the_o stout_a heart_n to_o ache_v much_o more_o the_o see_n and_o feel_n of_o they_o and_o as_o this_o be_v the_o destruction_n so_o it_o be_v the_o foundation_n and_o augmentation_n of_o many_o city_n in_o the_o number_n of_o those_o which_o be_v ruin_v be_v aquileia_n luni_n chiusi_fw-la popolonia_n fiesole_n and_o many_o other_o among_o those_o which_o be_v new_o build_v be_v venice_n sienna_n ferrara_n l'_fw-fr aquila_n and_o several_a other_o both_o town_n and_o castle_n which_o for_o brevity_n sake_n i_o omit_v those_o which_o from_o small_a beginning_n become_v great_a and_o considerable_a be_v florence_n genoa_n pisa_n milan_n naples_n and_o bolonia_n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v the_o ruin_n and_o reparation_n of_o rome_n and_o several_a other_o city_n which_o be_v demolish_v and_o rebuilt_a among_o these_o devastation_n and_o inroad_n of_o new_a people_n there_o spring_v forth_o new_a language_n as_o be_v visible_a by_o what_o be_v use_v both_o in_o france_n spain_n and_o italy_n which_o be_v mix_v with_o the_o language_n of_o their_o invader_n and_o the_o ancient_a roman_a be_v become_v new_a and_o clear_v another_o thing_n to_o what_o it_o be_v before_o beside_o not_o only_o the_o province_n lose_v their_o name_n 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any_o more_o war_n than_o be_v necessary_a for_o his_o own_o defence_n which_o be_v a_o great_a disturbance_n to_o cosimo_n who_o now_o discern_v he_o have_v be_v at_o great_a pain_n and_o expense_n to_o advance_v a_o man_n who_o be_v both_o false_a and_o ingrateful_a he_o perceive_v likewise_o that_o in_o respect_n of_o his_o age_n and_o the_o infirmity_n of_o his_o body_n he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o apply_v himself_o to_o public_a or_o private_a business_n as_o he_o be_v wont_a and_o he_o see_v both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o decline_v the_o city_n go_v to_o wrack_n by_o the_o dissension_n of_o the_o citizen_n and_o his_o fortune_n by_o his_o minister_n and_o son_n these_o consideration_n give_v he_o no_o little_a disquiet_n towards_o his_o end_n yet_o he_o die_v full_a of_o glory_n and_o renown_n all_o the_o city_n and_o prince_n of_o christendom_n send_v their_o compliment_n of_o condolency_n to_o his_o son_n piero_n the_o whole_a city_n attend_v his_o corpse_n with_o great_a solemnity_n to_o the_o grave_a and_o by_o public_a decree_n it_o be_v inscribe_v upon_o his_o tomb_n padre_n della_fw-it patria_fw-la if_o in_o my_o description_n and_o character_n of_o cosimo_n i_o have_v rather_o follow_v the_o example_n of_o those_o who_o have_v write_v the_o life_n of_o prince_n than_o of_o a_o historian_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v admire_v he_o be_v a_o person_n extraordinary_a in_o our_o city_n and_o i_o think_v myself_o oblige_v to_o give_v he_o a_o more_o than_o ordinary_a commendation_n during_o the_o time_n that_o italy_n and_o florence_n be_v in_o the_o condition_n aforesaid_a lewis_n king_n of_o france_n be_v infest_a with_o a_o furious_a war_n which_o his_o baron_n at_o the_o instigation_n of_o francis_n duke_n of_o britan_n and_o charles_n duke_n of_o burgundy_n have_v raise_v this_o war_n lie_v so_o heavy_a upon_o he_o he_o can_v not_o assist_v giovanni_n in_o his_o design_n upon_o genoa_n and_o naples_n but_o believe_v he_o have_v need_n enough_o of_o all_o the_o supply_v he_o can_v get_v he_o call_v back_o his_o force_n and_o savona_n be_v at_o that_o time_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o french_a he_o order_v it_o to_o be_v deliver_v to_o the_o count_n and_o leave_v he_o if_o he_o please_v to_o pursue_v the_o enterprise_n against_o genoa_n the_o count_n be_v easy_o persuade_v to_o a_o thing_n so_o much_o to_o his_o advantage_n so_o that_o by_o the_o reputation_n of_o his_o amity_n with_o the_o french_a king_n and_o the_o assistance_n give_v he_o by_o the_o adorni_n he_o possess_v himself_o of_o genoa_n and_o in_o gratitude_n to_o the_o french_a king_n send_v he_o a_o supply_n of_o 1500_o horse_n into_o france_n under_o the_o command_n of_o his_o elder_a son_n galeazzo_n by_o this_o mean_v ferrando_n of_o arragon_n and_o francisco_n sforza_n remain_v at_o quiet_a the_o one_o duke_n of_o lombardy_n and_o lord_n of_o genoa_n the_o other_o king_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o naples_n and_o have_v contract_v alliance_n together_o and_o marry_v their_o child_n the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o they_o begin_v to_o consider_v how_o they_o may_v secure_v their_o state_n to_o themselves_o whilst_o they_o live_v and_o to_o their_o heir_n when_o they_o be_v dead_a in_o order_n to_o this_o it_o be_v think_v necessary_a the_o king_n shall_v make_v sure_a of_o such_o of_o his_o baron_n as_o have_v side_v against_o he_o in_o his_o war_n with_o giovanni_n d'_fw-fr angio_n and_o the_o duke_n shall_v endeavour_v to_o extirpate_v all_o that_o have_v be_v favourer_n of_o the_o bracci_n who_o be_v mortal_a enemy_n to_o the_o say_a duke_n and_o at_o that_o time_n in_o great_a reputation_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o giacopo_n piccinino_n for_o giacopo_n be_v the_o great_a captain_n in_o italy_n and_o have_v no_o sovereignty_n of_o his_o own_o it_o concern_v all_o who_o have_v any_o to_o have_v a_o eye_n over_o he_o and_o more_o especial_o the_o duke_n who_o think_v he_o can_v not_o enjoy_v his_o dominion_n safe_o himself_o nor_o leave_v it_o to_o his_o son_n whilst_o giacopo_n be_v live_v hereupon_o the_o king_n with_o all_o industry_n endeavour_v a_o accord_n with_o his_o baron_n use_v all_o possible_a art_n to_o reconcile_v himself_o to_o they_o and_o he_o succeed_v with_o much_o difficulty_n for_o they_o find_v that_o whilst_o they_o be_v in_o war_n with_o the_o king_n they_o must_v certain_o be_v ruin_v but_o by_o accommodation_n of_o their_o difference_n and_o trust_v themselves_o to_o he_o there_o be_v only_o a_o hazard_n and_o because_o man_n do_v always_o avoid_v those_o evil_n with_o more_o readiness_n which_o be_v most_o certain_a prince_n do_v easy_o deceive_v such_o as_o be_v not_o able_a to_o contend_v the_o baron_n see_v nothing_o before_o they_o but_o destruction_n if_o they_o continue_v the_o
the_o head_n of_o his_o army_n and_o have_v a_o multitude_n of_o soldier_n to_o govern_v than_o it_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a not_o to_o value_v the_o epithet_n of_o cruel_a for_o without_o that_o no_o army_n can_v be_v keep_v in_o unity_n nor_o in_o disposition_n for_o any_o great_a act_n among_o the_o several_a instance_n of_o hannibal_n great_a conduct_n it_o be_v one_o that_o have_v a_o vast_a army_n constitute_v out_o of_o several_a nation_n and_o conduct_v to_o make_v war_n in_o a_o enemy_n country_n there_o never_o happen_v any_o sedition_n among_o they_o or_o any_o mutiny_n against_o their_o general_n either_o in_o his_o adversity_n or_o prosperity_n which_o can_v proceed_v from_o nothing_o so_o probable_o as_o his_o great_a cruelty_n which_o add_v to_o his_o infinite_a virtue_n render_v he_o both_o awful_a and_o terrible_a to_o his_o soldier_n and_o without_o that_o all_o his_o virtue_n will_v have_v signify_v nothing_o some_o writer_n there_o be_v but_o of_o little_a consideration_n who_o admire_v his_o great_a exploit_n and_o condemn_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o they_o but_o to_o prove_v that_o his_o other_o virtue_n will_v never_o have_v carry_v he_o through_o let_v we_o reflect_v upon_o scipio_n a_o person_n honourable_a not_o only_o in_o his_o own_o time_n but_o in_o all_o history_n whatever_o nevertheless_o his_o army_n mutine_v in_o spain_n and_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o it_o be_v his_o too_o much_o gentleness_n and_o lenity_n which_o give_v his_o soldier_n more_o liberty_n than_o be_v suitable_a or_o consistant_fw-la with_o military_a discipline_n fabius_n maximus_n upbraid_v he_o by_o it_o in_o the_o senate_n and_o call_v he_o corrupter_n of_o the_o roman_a militia_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o locrus_n have_v be_v plunder_v and_o destroy_v by_o one_o of_o scipio_n lieutenant_n they_o be_v never_o redress_v nor_o the_o legat_n insolence_n correct_v all_o proceed_n from_o the_o mildness_n of_o scipio_n nature_n which_o be_v so_o eminent_a in_o he_o that_o a_o person_n undertake_v to_o excuse_v he_o in_o the_o senate_n declare_v that_o there_o be_v many_o who_o know_v better_o how_o to_o avoid_v do_v ill_a themselves_o than_o to_o punish_v it_o in_o other_o people_n which_o temper_n will_v doubtless_o in_o time_n have_v eclipse_v the_o glory_n and_o reputation_n of_o scipio_n have_v that_o authority_n be_v continue_v in_o he_o but_o receive_v order_n and_o live_v under_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o senate_n that_o ill_a quality_n be_v not_o only_o not_o discover_v in_o he_o but_o turn_v to_o his_o renown_n i_o conclude_v therefore_o according_a to_o what_o i_o have_v say_v about_o be_v fear_v or_o belove_v that_o forasmuch_o as_o man_n do_v love_n at_o their_o own_o discretion_n but_o fear_v at_o their_o prince_n a_o wise_a prince_n be_v oblige_v to_o lay_v his_o foundation_n upon_o that_o which_o be_v in_o his_o own_o power_n not_o what_o which_o depend_v on_o other_o people_n but_o as_o i_o say_v before_o with_o great_a caution_n that_o he_o do_v not_o make_v himself_o odious_a chap._n xviii_o how_o far_o a_o prince_n be_v oblige_v by_o his_o promise_n how_o honourable_a it_o be_v for_o a_o prince_n to_o keep_v his_o word_n and_o act_n rather_o with_o integrity_n than_o collusion_n i_o suppose_v every_o body_n understand_v nevertheless_o experience_n have_v show_v in_o out_o time_n that_o those_o prince_n who_o have_v not_o pin_v themselves_o up_o to_o that_o punctuality_n and_o preciseness_n have_v do_v great_a thing_n and_o by_o their_o cunning_a and_o subtlety_n not_o only_o circumvent_v and_o dart_v the_o brain_n of_o those_o with_o who_o they_o have_v to_o deal_v but_o have_v overcome_v and_o be_v too_o hard_o for_o those_o who_o have_v be_v so_o superstitious_o exact_a for_o further_a explanation_n you_o must_v understand_v there_o be_v two_o way_n of_o contend_v by_o law_n and_o by_o force_n the_o first_o be_v proper_a to_o man_n the_o second_o to_o beast_n but_o because_o many_o time_n the_o first_o be_v insufficient_a recourse_n must_v be_v have_v to_o the_o second_o it_o belong_v therefore_o to_o a_o prince_n to_o understand_v both_o when_o to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o rational_a and_o when_o of_o the_o brutal_a way_n and_o this_o be_v recommend_v to_o prince_n though_o abstruse_o by_o ancient_a writer_n who_o tell_v they_o how_o achilles_n and_o several_a other_o prince_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o education_n of_o chiron_n the_o centaur_n who_o be_v to_o keep_v they_o under_o his_o discipline_n choose_v they_o a_o master_n half_a man_n and_o half_a beast_n for_o no_o other_o reason_n but_o to_o show_v how_o necessary_a it_o be_v for_o a_o prince_n to_o be_v acquaint_v with_o both_o for_o that_o one_o without_o the_o other_o will_v be_v of_o little_a duration_n see_v therefore_o it_o be_v of_o such_o importance_n to_o a_o prince_n to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o nature_n and_o disposition_n of_o a_o beast_n of_o all_o the_o whole_a flock_n he_o ought_v to_o imitate_v the_o lion_n and_o the_o fox_n for_o the_o lion_n be_v in_o danger_n of_o toil_n and_o snare_n and_o the_o fox_n of_o the_o wolf_n so_o that_o he_o must_v be_v a_o fox_n to_o find_v out_o the_o snare_n and_o a_o lion_n to_o fright_v away_o the_o wolf_n but_o they_o who_o keep_v whole_o to_o the_o lion_n have_v no_o true_a notion_n of_o themselves_o a_o prince_n therefore_o that_o be_v wise_a and_o prudent_a can_v nor_o ought_v not_o to_o keep_v his_o pâ—â—ole_n when_o the_o keep_n of_o it_o be_v to_o his_o prejudice_n and_o the_o cause_n for_o which_o he_o promise_v remove_v be_v man_n all_o good_a this_o doctrine_n be_v not_o to_o be_v teach_v but_o because_o they_o be_v wicked_a and_o not_o likely_a to_o be_v punctual_a with_o you_o you_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o any_o such_o strictness_n with_o they_o nor_o be_v their_o ever_o any_o prince_n that_o want_v lawful_a pretence_n to_o justify_v his_o breach_n of_o promise_n i_o may_v instance_n in_o many_o modern_a example_n and_o show_v how_o many_o confederation_n and_o peace_n and_o promise_n have_v be_v break_v by_o the_o infidelity_n of_o prince_n and_o how_o he_o that_o best_o personate_v the_o fox_n have_v the_o better_a success_n nevertheless_o it_o be_v of_o great_a consequence_n to_o disguise_v your_o inclination_n and_o to_o play_v the_o hypocrite_n well_o and_o man_n be_v so_o simple_a in_o their_o temper_n and_o so_o submissive_a to_o their_o present_a necessity_n that_o he_o that_o be_v neat_a and_o cleanly_a in_o his_o collusion_n shall_v never_o want_v people_n to_o practice_v they_o upon_o i_o can_v forbear_v one_o example_n which_o be_v still_o fresh_a in_o our_o memory_n alexander_n vi._n never_o do_v nor_o think_v of_o any_o thing_n but_o cheat_v and_o never_o want_v matter_n to_o work_v upon_o &_o though_o no_o man_n promise_v a_o thing_n with_o great_a asseveration_n nor_o confirm_v it_o with_o more_o oath_n and_o imprecation_n and_o observe_v they_o less_o yet_o understand_v the_o world_n well_o he_o never_o miscarry_v a_o prince_n therefore_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o have_v all_o the_o forementioned_a good_a quality_n in_o reality_n but_o it_o be_v necessary_a he_o have_v they_o in_o appearance_n nay_o i_o will_v be_v bold_a to_o affirm_v that_o have_v they_o actual_o and_o employ_v they_o upon_o all_o occasion_n they_o be_v extreme_o prejudicial_a whereas_o have_v then_o only_o in_o appearance_n they_o turn_v to_o better_a account_n it_o be_v honourable_a to_o seem_v mild_a and_o merciful_a and_o courteous_a and_o religious_a and_o sincere_a and_o indeed_o to_o be_v so_o provide_v your_o mind_n be_v so_o rectify_v and_o prepare_v that_o you_o can_v act_v quite_o contrary_a upon_o occasion_n and_o this_o must_v be_v premise_v that_o a_o prince_n especial_o if_o come_v but_o late_o to_o the_o throne_n can_v observe_v all_o those_o thing_n exact_o which_o make_v man_n be_v esteem_v virtuous_a be_v oftentimes_o necessitate_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o his_o state_n to_o do_v thing_n in_o humane_a uncharitable_a and_o irreligious_a and_o therefore_o it_o be_v convenient_a his_o mind_n be_v at_o his_o command_n and_o flexible_a to_o all_o the_o puff_n and_o variation_n of_o his_o fortune_n not_o forbear_v to_o be_v good_a while_o it_o be_v in_o his_o choice_n but_o know_v how_o to_o be_v evil_a when_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n a_o prince_n than_o be_v to_o have_v particular_a care_n that_o nothing_o fall_v from_o his_o mouth_n but_o what_o be_v full_a of_o the_o five_o quality_n aforesaid_a and_o that_o to_o see_v and_o to_o hear_v he_o he_o appear_v all_o goodness_n integrity_n humanity_n and_o religion_n which_o last_o he_o ought_v to_o pretend_v to_o more_o than_o ordinary_o because_o more_o man_n do_v judge_n by_o the_o eye_n then_o by_o the_o touch_n for_o every_o body_n see_v but_o few_o understand_v every_o body_n see_v how_o you_o appear_v
but_o few_o know_v what_o in_o reality_n you_o be_v and_o those_o few_o dâ—re_v not_o oppose_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o multitude_n who_o have_v the_o majesty_n of_o their_o prince_n to_o defend_v they_o and_o in_o the_o action_n of_o all_o man_n especial_o prince_n where_o no_o man_n have_v power_n to_o judge_v every_o one_o look_n to_o the_o end_n let_v a_o prince_n therefore_o do_v what_o he_o can_v to_o preserve_v his_o life_n and_o continue_v his_o supremacy_n the_o mean_n which_o he_o use_v shall_v be_v think_v honourable_a and_o be_v commend_v by_o every_o body_n because_o the_o people_n be_v always_o take_v with_o the_o appearance_n and_o event_n of_o thing_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o world_n consist_v of_o the_o people_n those_o few_o who_o be_v wise_a take_v place_n when_o the_o multitude_n have_v nothing_o else_o to_o rely_v upon_o there_o be_v a_o prince_n at_o this_o time_n in_o be_v but_o his_o name_n i_o shall_v conceal_v who_o have_v nothing_o in_o his_o mouth_n but_o fidelity_n and_o peace_n and_o yet_o have_v he_o exercise_v either_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o they_o have_v rob_v he_o before_o this_o both_o of_o his_o power_n and_o reputation_n chap._n xix_o that_o prince_n ought_v to_o be_v cautious_a of_o become_v either_o odious_a or_o contemptible_a and_o because_o in_o our_o discourse_n of_o the_o qualification_n of_o a_o prince_n we_o have_v hitherto_o speak_v only_o of_o those_o which_o be_v of_o great_a importance_n we_o shall_v now_o speak_v brief_o of_o the_o rest_n under_o these_o general_a head_n that_o a_o prince_n make_v it_o his_o business_n as_o be_v partly_o hint_v before_o to_o avoid_v such_o thing_n as_o may_v make_v he_o odious_a or_o contemptible_a and_o as_o often_o as_o he_o do_v that_o he_o play_v his_o part_n very_o well_o and_o shall_v meet_v no_o danger_n or_o inconvenience_n by_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o vice_n nothing_n as_o i_o say_v before_o make_v a_o prince_n so_o insufferable_o odious_a as_o usurp_v his_o subject_n estate_n and_o debauch_v their_o wife_n which_o be_v two_o thing_n he_o ought_v studious_o to_o forbear_v for_o while_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o world_n live_v quiet_o upon_o their_o estate_n and_o unprejudiced_a in_o their_o honour_n they_o live_v peaceable_o enough_o and_o all_o his_o contention_n be_v only_o with_o the_o pride_n and_o ambition_n of_o some_o few_o person_n who_o be_v many_o way_n and_o with_o great_a ease_n to_o be_v restrain_v but_o a_o prince_n be_v contemptible_a when_o he_o be_v count_v effeminate_a light_a unconstant_a pusillanimous_a and_o irresolute_a and_o of_o this_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v as_o careful_a as_o of_o a_o rock_n in_o the_o sea_n and_o strive_v that_o his_o in_o all_o action_n there_o may_v appear_v magnanimity_n courage_n gravity_n and_o fortitude_n desire_v that_o in_o the_o private_a affair_n of_o his_o subject_n his_o sentence_n and_o determination_n may_v be_v irrevocable_a and_o himself_o to_o stand_v so_o in_o their_o opinion_n that_o none_o may_v think_v it_o possible_a either_o to_o delude_v or_o divert_v he_o the_o prince_n who_o cause_v himself_o to_o be_v esteem_v in_o that_o manner_n shall_v be_v high_o redoubt_a and_o if_o he_o be_v fear_v people_n will_v not_o easy_o conspire_v against_o he_o nor_o ready_o invade_v he_o because_o he_o be_v know_v to_o be_v a_o excellent_a person_n and_o formidable_a to_o his_o subject_n for_o a_o prince_n ought_v to_o be_v terrible_a in_o two_o place_n at_o home_n to_o his_o subject_n and_o abroad_o to_o his_o equal_n from_o who_o he_o defend_v himself_o by_o good_a arm_n and_o good_a ally_n for_o if_o his_o power_n be_v good_a his_o friend_n will_v not_o be_v want_v and_o while_o his_o affair_n be_v fix_v at_o home_n there_o will_v be_v no_o danger_n from_o abroad_o unless_o they_o be_v disturb_v by_o some_o former_a conspiracy_n and_o upon_o any_o commotion_n ab_fw-la extra_fw-la if_o he_o be_v compose_v at_o home_n have_v live_v as_o i_o prescribe_v and_o not_o desert_v himself_o he_o will_v be_v able_a to_o bear_v up_o against_o any_o impression_n according_a to_o the_o example_n of_o nabis_n the_o spartan_a when_o thing_n be_v well_o abroad_o his_o affair_n at_o home_n will_v be_v safe_a enough_o unless_o they_o be_v perplex_v by_o some_o secret_a conspiracy_n against_o which_o the_o prince_n sufficient_o provide_v if_o he_o keep_v himself_o from_o be_v hate_a or_o despise_v and_o the_o people_n remain_v satisfy_v of_o he_o which_o be_v a_o thing_n very_o necessary_a as_o i_o have_v large_o inculcate_v before_o and_o one_o of_o the_o best_a remedy_n prince_n can_v use_v against_o conspiracy_n be_v to_o keep_v himself_o from_o be_v hate_a or_o despise_v by_o the_o multitude_n for_o no_o body_n pâ—â—ts_v but_o he_o expect_v by_o the_o death_n of_o the_o prince_n to_o gratify_v the_o people_n and_o the_o thought_n of_o offend_v they_o will_v deter_v he_o from_o any_o such_o enterprise_n because_o in_o conspiracy_n the_o difficulty_n be_v infinite_a by_o experience_n we_o find_v that_o many_o conjuration_n have_v be_v on_o foot_n but_o few_o have_v succeed_v because_o no_o man_n can_v conspire_v alone_o nor_o choose_v a_o confederate_a but_o out_o of_o those_o who_o be_v discontent_v and_o no_o soon_o shall_v you_o impart_v your_o mind_n to_o a_o malcontent_n but_o you_o give_v he_o opportunity_n to_o reconcile_v himself_o because_o there_o be_v nothing_o he_o propose_v to_o himself_o but_o he_o may_v expect_v from_o the_o discovery_n so_o that_o the_o gain_n be_v certain_a on_o that_o side_n and_o hazardous_a and_o uncertain_a on_o the_o other_o he_o must_v be_v either_o a_o extraordinary_a friend_n to_o you_o or_o a_o implacable_a enemy_n to_o the_o prince_n if_o he_o do_v not_o betray_v you_o in_o short_a on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o conspirator_n there_o be_v nothing_o but_o fear_n and_o jealousy_n and_o apprehension_n of_o punishment_n but_o one_o the_o prince_n side_n there_o be_v the_o majesty_n of_o the_o government_n the_o law_n the_o assistance_n of_o his_o friend_n and_o state_n which_o defend_v he_o so_o effectual_o that_o if_o the_o affection_n of_o the_o people_n be_v add_v to_o they_o no_o man_n can_v be_v so_o rash_a and_o precipitate_a as_o to_o conspire_v for_o if_o before_o the_o execution_n of_o his_o design_n the_o conspirator_n have_v reason_n to_o be_v afraid_a in_o this_o case_n he_o have_v much_o more_o afterward_o have_v offend_v the_o people_n in_o the_o execution_n and_o leave_v himself_o no_o refuge_n to_o fly_v to_o of_o this_o many_o example_n may_v be_v produce_v but_o i_o shall_v content_v myself_o with_o one_o which_o happen_v in_o the_o memory_n of_o our_o father_n hannibal_n bentiuâ—gli_n grandfather_n to_o this_o present_a hannibal_n be_v prince_n of_o bolonia_n and_o kill_v by_o the_o canneschi_n who_o conspire_v against_o he_o none_o of_o his_o race_n be_v leave_v behind_o but_o john_n who_o be_v then_o in_o his_o cradle_n the_o murder_n be_v no_o soon_o commit_v but_o the_o people_n take_v arm_n and_o slay_v all_o the_o canneschi_n which_o proceed_v only_o from_o the_o affection_n that_o the_o house_n of_o the_o bentivogli_n have_v at_o that_o time_n among_o the_o populacy_n in_o bolonia_n which_o be_v then_o so_o great_a that_o when_o hannibal_n be_v dead_a there_o be_v none_o of_o that_o family_n remain_v in_o a_o capacity_n for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o state_n upon_o information_n that_o at_o florence_n there_o be_v a_o natural_a son_n of_o the_o say_a bentivogli_n who_o till_o that_o time_n have_v pass_v only_o for_o the_o son_n of_o a_o smith_n they_o send_v ambassador_n for_o he_o and_o have_v conduct_v he_o honourable_o to_o that_o city_n they_o give_v he_o the_o government_n which_o he_o execute_v very_o well_o till_o the_o say_v john_n come_v of_o age._n i_o conclude_v therefore_o a_o prince_n need_v not_o be_v much_o apprehensive_a of_o conspiracy_n while_o the_o people_n be_v his_o friend_n but_o when_o they_o be_v dissatisfy_v and_o have_v take_v a_o prejudice_n against_o he_o there_o be_v no_o thing_n nor_o no_o person_n which_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o fear_v and_o it_o have_v be_v the_o constant_a care_n of_o all_o wise_a prince_n and_o all_o well-governed_a state_n not_o to_o reduce_v the_o nobility_n to_o despair_v nor_o the_o people_n to_o discontent_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o material_a thing_n a_o prince_n be_v to_o prevent_v among_o the_o best_a order_a monarchy_n of_o our_o time_n france_n be_v one_o in_o which_o there_o be_v many_o good_a law_n and_o constitution_n tend_v to_o the_o liberty_n and_o preservation_n of_o the_o king_n the_o first_o of_o they_o be_v the_o parliament_n and_o the_o authority_n wherewith_o it_o be_v invest_v for_o he_o who_o be_v the_o founder_n of_o that_o monarchy_n be_v sensible_a of_o the_o ambition_n and_o insolence_n
the_o one_o be_v in_o asia_n where_o niger_n general_n of_o the_o asiatic_a army_n have_v proclaim_v himself_o emperor_n the_o other_o in_o the_o west_n where_o albinus_n the_o general_n aspire_v to_o the_o same_o and_o think_v it_o hazardous_a to_o declare_v against_o both_o he_o resolve_v to_o oppose_v himself_o against_o niger_n and_o cajole_a and_o wheedle_n albinus_n to_o who_o he_o write_v word_n that_o be_v choose_v emperor_n by_o the_o senate_n he_o be_v willing_a to_o receive_v he_o to_o a_o participation_n of_o that_o dignity_n give_v he_o the_o title_n of_o caesar_n and_o by_o consent_n of_o the_o senate_n admit_v he_o his_o colleague_n which_o albinus_n embrace_v very_o willing_o and_o think_v he_o in_o earnest_n but_o when_o severus_n have_v overcome_v niger_n put_v he_o to_o death_n and_o settle_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o east_n be_v return_v to_o rome_n he_o complain_v in_o the_o senate_n against_o albinus_n as_o a_o person_n who_o contrary_a to_o his_o obligation_n for_o the_o benefit_n receive_v from_o he_o have_v endeavour_v treacherous_o to_o murder_v he_o tell_v they_o that_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o march_v against_o he_o to_o punish_v his_o ingratitude_n and_o afterward_o follow_v he_o into_o france_n he_o execute_v his_o design_n deprive_v he_o of_o his_o command_n and_o put_v he_o to_o death_n he_o then_o who_o strict_o examine_v the_o action_n of_o this_o prince_n will_v find_v he_o fierce_a as_o a_o lion_n subtle_a as_o a_o fox_n fear_v and_o reverence_v by_o every_o body_n and_o no_o way_n odious_a to_o his_o army_n nor_o will_v it_o seem_v strange_a that_o he_o though_o new_o advance_v to_o the_o empire_n be_v able_a to_o defend_v it_o see_v his_o great_a reputation_n protect_v he_o against_o the_o hatred_n which_o his_o people_n may_v have_v conceive_v against_o he_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o rapine_n but_o his_o son_n antoninus_n be_v a_o excellent_a person_n likewise_o endue_v with_o transcendent_a part_n which_o render_v he_o admirable_a to_o the_o people_n and_o grateful_a to_o the_o soldier_n for_o he_o be_v martial_a in_o his_o nature_n patient_a of_o labour_n and_o hardship_n and_o a_o great_a despiser_n of_o all_o sensuality_n and_o softness_n which_o recommend_v he_o high_o to_o his_o army_n nevertheless_o his_o fury_n and_o cruelty_n be_v so_o immoderate_o great_a have_v upon_o several_a private_a and_o particular_a occasion_n put_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o alexandria_n to_o death_n that_o he_o fall_v into_o the_o hatred_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n and_o begin_v to_o be_v fear_v by_o his_o confident_n that_o be_v about_o he_o so_o that_o he_o be_v kill_v by_o one_o of_o his_o captain_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o his_o camp_n from_o whence_o it_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o these_o kind_n of_o assassination_n which_o follow_v upon_o a_o deliberate_a and_o obstinate_a resolution_n can_v be_v prevent_v by_o a_o prince_n for_o he_o who_o value_v not_o his_o own_o life_n can_v commit_v they_o when_o he_o please_v but_o they_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v the_o less_o because_o they_o happen_v but_o seldom_o he_o be_v only_o to_o have_v a_o care_n of_o do_v any_o great_a injury_n to_o those_o that_o be_v about_o he_o of_o which_o error_n antoninus_n be_v too_o guilty_a have_v put_v the_o brother_n of_o the_o say_a captain_n to_o a_o ignominious_a death_n threaten_v the_o captain_n daily_o and_o yet_o continue_v he_o in_o his_o guard_n which_o be_v a_o rash_a and_o pernicious_a act_n and_o prove_v so_o in_o the_o end_n but_o to_o come_v to_o commodus_n who_o have_v no_o hard_a task_n to_o preserve_v his_o empire_n succeed_v to_o it_o by_o way_n of_o inheritance_n as_o son_n to_o marcus_n for_o that_o to_o satisfy_v the_o people_n and_o oblige_v the_o soldier_n he_o have_v no_o more_o to_o do_v but_o to_o follow_v the_o footstep_n of_o his_o father_n but_o be_v of_o a_o brutish_a and_o cruel_a disposition_n to_o exercise_v his_o rapacity_n upon_o the_o people_n he_o indulge_v his_o army_n and_o allow_v they_o in_o all_o manner_n of_o licentiousness_n beside_o prostitute_v his_o dignity_n by_o descend_v many_o time_n upon_o the_o theatre_n to_o fight_v with_o the_o gladiator_n and_o commit_v many_o other_o act_n which_o be_v vile_a and_o unworthy_a the_o majesty_n of_o a_o emperor_n he_o become_v contemptible_a to_o the_o soldier_n and_o grow_v odious_a to_o one_o party_n and_o despicable_a to_o the_o other_o they_o conspire_v and_o murder_v he_o maximinus_n be_v likewise_o a_o martial_a prince_n and_o addict_v to_o the_o war_n and_o the_o army_n be_v weary_a of_o the_o effeminacy_n of_o alexander_n who_o i_o have_v mention_v before_o have_v slay_v he_o they_o make_v maximinus_n emperor_n but_o he_o possess_v it_o not_o long_o for_o two_o thing_n contribute_v to_o make_v he_o odious_a and_o despise_v one_o be_v the_o meanness_n of_o his_o extraction_n have_v keep_v sheep_n former_o in_o thrace_n which_o be_v know_v to_o all_o the_o world_n and_o make_v he_o universal_o contemptible_a the_o other_o be_v that_o at_o his_o first_o come_v to_o the_o empire_n by_o not_o repair_v immediate_o to_o rome_n and_o put_v himself_o into_o possession_n of_o his_o imperial_a seat_n he_o have_v contract_v the_o imputation_n of_o be_v cruel_a have_v exercise_v more_o than_o ordinary_a severity_n by_o his_o prefect_n in_o rome_n and_o his_o lieutenant_n in_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o empire_n so_o that_o the_o whole_a world_n be_v provoke_v by_o the_o vileness_n of_o his_o birth_n and_o detestation_n of_o his_o cruelty_n in_o apprehension_n of_o his_o fury_n africa_n the_o senate_n and_o all_o the_o people_n both_o in_o italy_n and_o rome_n conspire_v against_o he_o and_o his_o own_o army_n join_v themselves_o with_o they_o in_o their_o leaguer_n before_o aquileia_n find_v it_o difficult_a to_o be_v take_v weary_a of_o his_o cruelty_n and_o encourage_v by_o the_o multitude_n of_o his_o enemy_n they_o set_v upon_o he_o and_o slay_v he_o i_o will_v not_o trouble_v myself_o with_o heliogabalus_n macrinus_n nor_o julian_n who_o be_v all_o effeminate_a and_o contemptible_a be_v quick_o extinguish_v but_o i_o shall_v conclude_v this_o discourse_n and_o say_v that_o the_o prince_n of_o our_o time_n be_v not_o oblige_v to_o satisfy_v the_o soldier_n in_o their_o respective_a government_n by_o such_o extraordinary_a way_n for_o though_o they_o be_v not_o altogether_o to_o be_v neglect_v yet_o the_o remedy_n and_o resolution_n be_v easy_a because_o none_o of_o these_o prince_n have_v entire_a army_n bring_v up_o and_o inveterate_v in_o their_o several_a government_n and_o province_n as_o the_o army_n under_o the_o roman_a empire_n be_v if_o therefore_o at_o that_o time_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o satisfy_v the_o soldier_n rather_o than_o the_o people_n it_o be_v because_o the_o soldier_n be_v more_o potent_a at_o present_v it_o be_v more_o the_o interest_n of_o all_o prince_n except_o the_o great_a turk_n and_o the_o sultan_n to_o comply_v with_o the_o people_n because_o they_o be_v more_o considerable_a than_o the_o soldier_n i_o except_o the_o turk_n because_o he_o have_v in_o his_o guard_n 12000_o foot_n and_o 15000_o horse_n constant_o about_o he_o upon_o who_o the_o strength_n and_o security_n of_o his_o empire_n depend_v and_o it_o be_v necessary_a postpone_v all_o other_o respect_n to_o the_o people_n they_o be_v continue_v his_o friend_n it_o be_v the_o same_o case_n with_o the_o sultan_n who_o be_v whole_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o soldier_n it_o be_v convenient_a that_o he_o also_o wave_v the_o people_n and_o insinuate_v with_o the_o army_n and_o here_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o this_o government_n of_o the_o sultan_n be_v different_a from_o all_o other_o monarchy_n for_o it_o be_v not_o unlike_o the_o papacy_n in_o christendom_n which_o can_v neither_o be_v call_v a_o new_a nor_o a_o hereditary_a principality_n because_o the_o child_n of_o the_o decease_a prince_n be_v neither_o heir_n to_o his_o estate_n nor_o lord_n of_o his_o empire_n but_o he_o who_o be_v choose_v to_o succeed_v by_o those_o who_o have_v the_o faculty_n of_o election_n which_o custom_n be_v of_o old_a the_o government_n can_v be_v call_v new_a and_o by_o consequence_n be_v not_o subject_a to_o any_o of_o the_o difficulty_n wherewith_o a_o new_a one_o be_v infest_a because_o though_o the_o person_n of_o the_o prince_n be_v new_a and_o perhaps_o the_o title_n yet_o the_o law_n and_o order_n of_o state_n be_v old_a and_o dispose_v to_o receive_v he_o as_o if_o he_o be_v hereditary_a lord._n but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o business_n i_o say_v that_o whoever_o consider_v the_o aforesaid_a discourse_n shall_v find_v either_o hatred_n or_o contempt_n the_o perpetual_a cause_n of_o the_o ruin_n of_o those_o emperor_n and_o be_v able_a to_o judge_v how_o it_o
of_o catolonia_n don_n denis_n reign_v in_o portugal_n a_o person_n eminent_a among_o his_o subject_n for_o magnificent_a building_n and_o in_o great_a veneration_n for_o his_o piety_n and_o justice_n but_o the_o felicity_n of_o his_o reign_n be_v disturb_v by_o domestic_a broil_n which_o he_o have_v with_o his_o son_n the_o infant_n don_n alphonso_n who_o succeed_v he_o in_o the_o crown_n don_n denis_n institute_v the_o order_n of_o christ_n in_o the_o year_n 1320._o the_o more_o ishmael_n first_o of_o that_o name_n have_v the_o monarchy_n of_o granada_n the_o battle_n which_o he_o gain_v 1320._o against_o the_o two_o infanti_fw-la of_o castille_n revive_v the_o affair_n of_o that_o nation_n which_o be_v in_o their_o declension_n before_o and_o give_v new_a alarm_n to_o all_o spain_n the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n of_o england_n be_v both_o govern_v by_o favourite_n at_o that_o time_n edward_n 2._o give_v his_o authority_n and_o confidence_n one_o while_o to_o gaveston_n and_o then_o to_o the_o two_o spencer_n and_o this_o weakness_n and_o imprudence_n of_o his_o create_v so_o many_o discontent_n and_o render_v he_o so_o odious_a to_o the_o people_n that_o after_o much_o trouble_n to_o quit_v himself_o of_o a_o impostor_n who_o pretend_v to_o the_o crown_n he_o be_v force_v to_o go_v through_o a_o cruel_a war_n against_o the_o nobility_n and_o another_o no_o less_o dangerous_a against_o robert_n bruce_n king_n of_o scotland_n these_o great_a stir_n and_o commotion_n can_v not_o but_o give_v some_o jealousy_n to_o france_n which_o see_v the_o province_n that_o the_o english_a have_v on_o that_o side_n the_o sea_n perpetual_o in_o arm_n be_v oblige_v to_o keep_v upon_o so_o strong_a a_o guard_n as_o be_v little_a different_a from_o a_o open_a war._n it_o be_v not_o then_o to_o be_v admire_v the_o affair_n of_o europe_n be_v in_o this_o confusion_n if_o italy_n be_v leave_v in_o prey_n to_o the_o guelf_n and_o the_o ghibilin_n and_o give_v opportunity_n to_o the_o 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one_o self_n up_o to_o the_o same_o and_o same_o quantity_n of_o word_n be_v as_o disingenuous_a and_o servile_a it_o be_v true_a the_o same_o comma_n and_o stop_n be_v by_o no_o mean_n to_o be_v neglect_v be_v all_o treatise_n that_o be_v translate_v like_o the_o fallacious_a answer_n of_o a_o divine_a to_o braccio_n montone_n sovereign_a of_o perusia_n which_o braccio_n be_v a_o ghibilin_n as_o well_o as_o castruccio_n depart_v for_o the_o siege_n of_o aquila_n a_o town_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n and_o be_v impatient_a to_o know_v his_o success_n upon_o application_n to_o a_o astrologer_n he_o receive_v this_o answer_n ibis_n redibis_fw-la non_fw-la morieris_fw-la in_o bello_fw-la which_o if_o punctuate_v thus_o ibis_n redibis_fw-la non_fw-la morieris_fw-la in_o bello_fw-la threaten_v the_o say_v braccio_fw-mi with_o the_o unfortunateness_n of_o his_o expedition_n whereas_o alter_v it_o thus_o ibis_n redibis_fw-la non_fw-la morieris_fw-la in_o bello_fw-la portend_v quite_o 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the_o management_n of_o war_n in_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n in_o the_o enlargement_n and_o propagation_n of_o empire_n there_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v either_o prince_n republic_n great_a captain_n or_o citizen_n which_o repair_v to_o antiquity_n for_o example_n which_o persuade_v i_o it_o proceed_v not_o so_o much_o from_o niceness_n and_o effeminacy_n our_o present_a education_n have_v introduce_v upon_o the_o world_n nor_o from_o the_o mischief_n which_o turbulent_a and_o seditious_a idleness_n have_v bring_v forth_o in_o many_o province_n and_o city_n in_o christendom_n as_o from_o our_o ignorance_n or_o inadvertency_n in_o history_n not_o take_v the_o sense_n of_o what_o we_o read_v or_o not_o mind_v the_o relish_n and_o poinancy_n with_o which_o it_o be_v many_o time_n impregnate_v from_o whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o many_o who_o read_v be_v much_o please_v and_o delight_v with_o the_o variety_n of_o accident_n contain_v in_o history_n but_o never_o 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in_o many_o and_o little_a party_n it_o appear_v their_o habitation_n be_v insecure_a not_o be_v able_a apart_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o distance_n or_o smallness_n of_o their_o number_n to_o resist_v a_o invasion_n if_o any_o enemy_n shall_v fall_v upon_o they_o or_o to_o unite_v sudden_o for_o their_o defence_n without_o leave_v their_o house_n and_o family_n expose_v which_o by_o consequence_n will_v be_v certain_a prey_n to_o the_o enemy_n whereupon_o to_o evade_v those_o danger_n move_v either_o by_o their_o own_o impulse_n or_o the_o suggestion_n of_o some_o person_n among_o they_o of_o more_o than_o ordinary_a authority_n they_o oblige_v themselves_o to_o live_v together_o in_o some_o place_n to_o be_v choose_v by_o they_o for_o convenience_n of_o provision_n and_o easiness_n of_o defence_n of_o this_o sort_n among_o many_o other_o athens_z and_o venice_n be_v two_o the_o first_o that_o build_v under_o the_o authority_n of_o theseus_n upon_o occasion_n of_o the_o like_a 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perchance_o by_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o mountain_n di_fw-mi fiesole_n who_o presume_v upon_o and_o be_v encourage_v by_o the_o long_a peace_n under_o the_o reign_n of_o augustus_n descend_v from_o their_o mountain_n to_o inhabit_v the_o plain_a upon_o the_o river_n arm_n it_o be_v build_v under_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o can_v not_o upon_o those_o principle_n exalt_v itself_o high_a than_o the_o courtesy_n of_o the_o prince_n will_v permit_v the_o founder_n of_o city_n be_v free_a when_o by_o themselves_o or_o the_o command_n of_o their_o sovereign_n they_o be_v constrain_v upon_o occasion_n of_o sickness_n famine_n or_o war_n to_o abandon_v their_o own_o inquest_n of_o new_a country_n and_o these_o do_v either_o possess_v themselves_o of_o such_o town_n as_o they_o find_v ready_a build_v in_o their_o conquest_n as_o moses_n do_v or_o they_o build_v they_o de_fw-fr novo_fw-la as_o aeneas_n in_o this_o case_n the_o power_n of_o the_o builder_n and_o the_o fortune_n of_o the_o building_n be_v conspicuous_a and_o honourable_a according_a as_o the_o cause_n from_o whence_o it_o derive_v its_o original_a be_v more_o or_o less_o eminent_a his_o virtue_n and_o prudence_n be_v discernible_a two_o way_n by_o the_o election_n of_o the_o seat_n and_o institution_n of_o the_o law_n and_o because_o man_n build_v as_o often_o by_o necessity_n as_o choice_n and_o the_o judgement_n and_o wisdom_n of_o the_o builder_n be_v great_a where_o there_o be_v less_o room_n and_o latitude_n for_o his_o election_n it_o be_v worthy_a our_o consideration_n whether_o it_o be_v more_o advantageous_a build_n in_o barren_a and_o unfruitful_a place_n to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o people_n be_v constrain_v to_o be_v industrious_a and_o less_o obnoxious_a to_o idleness_n may_v live_v in_o more_o unity_n the_o poverty_n of_o the_o soil_n give_v they_o less_o opportunity_n of_o dissension_n thus_o it_o fall_v out_o in_o raugia_n and_o several_a other_o city_n build_v in_o such_o place_n and_o that_o kind_a of_o election_n will_v doubtless_o be_v most_o prudent_a and_o profitable_a if_o man_n can_v be_v content_a to_o live_v quiet_o of_o what_o they_o have_v without_o a_o ambitious_a desire_n of_o command_n but_o there_o be_v no_o security_n against_o that_o but_o power_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o avoid_v that_o sterility_n and_o build_v in_o the_o fruitfull_a place_n can_v be_v find_v where_o their_o number_n increase_a by_o the_o plentifulness_n of_o the_o soil_n they_o may_v be_v able_a not_o only_o to_o defend_v themselves_o against_o a_o assault_n but_o repel_v any_o opposition_n shall_v be_v make_v to_o their_o grandeur_n and_o as_o to_o that_o idleness_n to_o which_o the_o richness_n of_o the_o situation_n dispose_v it_o may_v be_v provide_v against_o by_o law_n and_o convenient_a exercise_n enjoin_v according_a to_o the_o example_n of_o several_a wise_a man_n who_o have_v inhabit_v country_n pleasant_a fruitful_a and_o apt_a to_o produce_v such_o lazy_a people_n improper_a for_o service_n
great_a for_o his_o pattern_n who_o by_o this_o practice_n of_o a_o small_a prince_n make_v himself_o monarch_n of_o all_o greece_n of_o who_o it_o be_v say_v that_o he_o remove_v his_o people_n as_o a_o shepherd_n do_v his_o fold_n those_o way_n be_v cruel_a and_o contrary_v not_o only_o to_o all_o civil_a but_o to_o all_o christian_a and_o indeed_o human_a conversation_n for_o which_o reason_n they_o be_v to_o be_v reject_v by_o every_o body_n for_o certain_o it_o be_v better_a to_o remain_v a_o private_a person_n than_o to_o make_v one_o self_n king_n by_o the_o calamity_n and_o destruction_n of_o his_o people_n nevertheless_o he_o who_o neglect_v to_o take_v the_o first_o good_a way_n if_o he_o will_v preserve_v himself_o must_v make_v use_n of_o this_o bad_a for_o though_o many_o prince_n take_v a_o middle_a way_n betwixt_o both_o yet_o they_o find_v it_o extreme_a difficult_a and_o dangerous_a for_o be_v neither_o good_a nor_o bad_a they_o be_v neither_o fear_v nor_o belove_v and_o so_o unlikely_a to_o prosper_v chap._n xxvii_o man_n be_v as_o seldom_o perfect_o bad_a as_o they_o be_v perfect_o good_a in_o the_o year_n 1505._o pope_n julius_n ii_o march_v his_o army_n into_o bologna_n to_o drive_v the_o family_n of_o the_o bentivogli_n out_o of_o that_o state_n where_o they_o have_v command_v with_o supremacy_n a_o hundred_o year_n in_o the_o same_o expedition_n he_o resolve_v to_o remove_v john_n pogolo_n baglione_n out_o of_o perugia_n where_o he_o have_v usurp_v and_o in_o a_o word_n all_o such_o tyrant_n as_o have_v get_v any_o church_n land_n into_o their_o possession_n come_v to_o the_o town_n with_o the_o desire_n and_o resolution_n aforesaid_a he_o attend_v not_o till_o he_o can_v march_v in_o with_o his_o army_n but_o enter_v as_o it_o be_v naked_a and_o disarm_v though_o john_n pagolo_n be_v in_o person_n in_o the_o city_n and_o many_o of_o his_o party_n which_o be_v get_v together_o to_o defend_v he_o so_o that_o transport_v with_o the_o usual_a vehemence_n wherewith_o he_o manage_v all_o his_o affair_n he_o put_v himself_o with_o his_o bare_a guard_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o enemy_n yet_o he_o succeed_v so_o well_o that_o he_o carry_v pagolo_n off_o with_o he_o and_o put_v in_o another_o governor_n in_o behalf_n of_o the_o church_n wise_a man_n who_o be_v then_o about_o his_o holiness_n admire_v the_o temerity_n of_o the_o one_o as_o much_o as_o the_o pusillanimity_n of_o the_o other_o can_v not_o imagine_v how_o it_o shall_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o pagolo_n have_v his_o enemy_n as_o it_o be_v naked_a in_o his_o hand_n and_o by_o consequence_n a_o opportunity_n with_o perpetual_a glory_n to_o himself_o to_o have_v secure_v he_o and_o pillage_v his_o equipage_n for_o all_o the_o cardinal_n be_v then_o with_o he_o with_o the_o most_o precious_a of_o their_o jewel_n shall_v so_o strange_o neglect_v it_o especial_o when_o they_o consider_v that_o it_o be_v neither_o conscience_n nor_o good_a nature_n which_o restrain_v he_o for_o neither_o of_o those_o be_v to_o be_v suppose_v in_o a_o man_n who_o have_v be_v nought_o with_o his_o own_o sister_n and_o murder_v several_a of_o his_o relation_n to_o make_v his_o way_n to_o the_o government_n wherefore_o it_o be_v conclude_v to_o happen_v because_o it_o be_v so_o provide_v by_o providence_n that_o no_o man_n can_v be_v exquisite_o wicked_a no_o more_o than_o good_a in_o perfection_n for_o where_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n great_a and_o magnificent_a in_o a_o mischief_n they_o know_v not_o how_o to_o commit_v it_o so_o john_n pagolo_n who_o make_v no_o bone_n of_o either_o parricide_n or_o incest_n can_v not_o or_o to_o speak_v more_o proper_o dare_v not_o make_v use_n of_o his_o opportunity_n to_o perpetrate_v a_o thing_n which_o will_v have_v fill_v the_o world_n with_o admiration_n of_o his_o courage_n and_o make_v his_o memory_n venerable_a to_o posterity_n for_o he_o will_v have_v be_v the_o first_o who_o have_v give_v his_o cardinal_n to_o understand_v how_o little_a it_o be_v to_o their_o reputation_n to_o lord_n it_o and_o luxuriate_a as_o they_o do_v and_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o fact_n will_v have_v lessen_v the_o scandal_n and_o prevent_v any_o danger_n that_o may_v ensue_v chap._n xxviii_o for_o what_o reason_n the_o roman_n be_v less_o ingrateful_a to_o their_o citizen_n than_o the_o athenian_n whoever_o read_v and_o observe_v the_o passage_n in_o commonwealth_n will_v find_v a_o touch_n of_o ingratitude_n towards_o their_o citizen_n in_o they_o all_o but_o less_o in_o rome_n than_o in_o athens_n and_o perhaps_o in_o any_o other_o republic_n whatever_o the_o reason_n i_o suppose_v be_v because_o rome_n have_v not_o that_o occasion_n of_o jealousy_n as_o athens_n have_v for_o in_o rome_n from_o the_o expulsion_n of_o the_o king_n to_o the_o time_n of_o silla_n and_o marius_n the_o liberty_n of_o the_o city_n be_v never_o disturb_v by_o any_o man_n within_o it_o so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n to_o apprehend_v there_o be_v no_o reason_n to_o persecute_v in_o athens_n it_o be_v otherwise_o for_o their_o liberty_n be_v invade_v and_o take_v away_o by_o pisistratus_n when_o it_o be_v most_o flourish_a and_o complete_a and_o that_o by_o a_o pretence_n of_o advance_v it_o they_o no_o soon_o recover_v it_o but_o remember_v the_o injury_n which_o they_o have_v receive_v and_o their_o pass_a servitude_n they_o fly_v out_o into_o such_o a_o exorbitancy_n of_o revenge_n that_o they_o punish_v not_o only_o the_o fault_n of_o their_o fellow_n citizen_n but_o the_o least_o umbrage_n and_o appearance_n of_o they_o from_o whence_o follow_v the_o banishment_n and_o execution_n of_o so_o many_o excellent_a person_n hence_o come_v the_o ostracism_n law_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o outrage_n commit_v afterward_o upon_o the_o chief_a of_o their_o city_n for_o as_o you_o writer_n of_o politic_n observe_v very_o well_o the_o people_n be_v more_o cruel_a and_o vindicative_a who_o have_v lose_v and_o recover_v their_o liberty_n than_o they_o who_o have_v preserve_v it_o as_o it_o be_v leave_v they_o by_o their_o father_n he_o therefore_o who_o consider_v what_o be_v say_v will_v neither_o condemn_v athens_n nor_o magnify_v rome_n but_o impute_v all_o to_o necessity_n upon_o the_o diversity_n of_o accident_n which_o happen_v in_o each_o city_n and_o certain_o if_o it_o be_v serious_o consider_v it_o will_v appear_v that_o if_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o roman_n have_v be_v oppress_v as_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o athenian_n be_v rome_n will_v have_v be_v no_o better_a nature_a or_o show_v more_o compassion_n to_o its_o fellow_n citizen_n than_o athens_n do_v and_o this_o may_v be_v infallible_o deduce_v by_o what_o happen_v after_o the_o expulsion_n of_o the_o king_n against_o collatinus_n and_o p._n valâ—rius_n for_o collatinus_n though_o he_o have_v be_v very_o active_a in_o assert_v their_o liberty_n be_v banish_v for_o bear_v only_o the_o name_n of_o tarquin_n and_o the_o other_o have_v like_a to_o have_v run_v the_o same_o destiny_n for_o build_v a_o house_n only_o upon_o the_o top_n of_o mount_n celius_n which_o they_o suspect_v be_v to_o command_v the_o city_n so_o that_o it_o may_v probable_o be_v presume_v by_o its_o suspicion_n and_o severity_n in_o the_o two_o case_n aforesaid_a that_o rome_n will_v have_v exercise_v the_o same_o ingratitude_n have_v it_o be_v injure_v in_o its_o minority_n as_o athens_n have_v be_v and_o that_o i_o may_v have_v no_o occasion_n to_o discourse_v of_o ingratitude_n hereafter_o i_o shall_v speak_v of_o it_o more_o large_o in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n chap._n xxix_o whether_o the_o prince_n or_o the_o people_n be_v most_o subject_a to_o be_v ingrateful_a and_o because_o we_o have_v undertake_v to_o enlarge_v upon_o this_o subject_n i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o examine_v which_o be_v most_o frequent_o guilty_a of_o ingratitude_n the_o prince_n or_o the_o people_n for_o better_a explication_n i_o say_v that_o man_n be_v ingrateful_a either_o out_o of_o suspicion_n or_o avarice_n for_o if_o a_o prince_n or_o republic_n send_v out_o any_o of_o their_o great_a captain_n upon_o some_o important_a expedition_n which_o the_o say_a captain_n achieve_v and_o gain_v honour_n to_o himself_o and_o reputation_n to_o his_o master_n in_o this_o case_n the_o prince_n or_o state_n be_v oblige_v to_o reward_v he_o but_o if_o instead_o of_o reward_v they_o cashier_v or_o disgrace_v he_o or_o out_o of_o a_o covetous_a principle_n deny_v he_o his_o pay_n the_o ingratitude_n be_v inexcusable_a and_o leave_v a_o scandal_n behind_o it_o that_o can_v never_o be_v wear_v out_o and_o yet_o many_o prince_n be_v too_o guilty_a of_o it_o cornelius_n tacitus_n give_v we_o the_o reason_n in_o this_o sentence_n proclivius_fw-la est_fw-la injuriae_fw-la quam_fw-la beneficio_fw-la vicem_fw-la exolvere_fw-la quia_fw-la gratia_fw-la oneri_fw-la
grant_v it_o this_o be_v not_o according_a to_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o roman_n for_o the_o duke_n be_v very_o strong_a and_o the_o florentine_n but_o weak_a it_o have_v be_v more_o for_o their_o honour_n to_o have_v grant_v he_o passage_n when_o they_o can_v not_o obstruct_v it_o that_o what_o they_o can_v not_o resist_v may_v have_v be_v impute_v to_o their_o courtesy_n but_o there_o be_v no_o remedy_n it_o be_v the_o property_n of_o weak_a state_n to_o do_v every_o thing_n amiss_o and_o never_o to_o do_v well_o but_o in_o spite_n of_o their_o tooth_n for_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o prudence_n among_o they_o and_o this_o florence_n have_v verify_v in_o two_o other_o case_n in_o the_o year_n 1500._o when_o lewis_n xii_o have_v repossess_v himself_o of_o milan_n he_o have_v a_o inclination_n to_o restore_v pisa_n to_o the_o florentine_n upon_o the_o payment_n of_o 50000_o florin_n to_o this_o purpose_n he_o send_v thither_o his_o army_n under_o the_o command_n of_o mounsieur_fw-fr de_fw-fr beaumond_n in_o who_o though_o a_o french_a man_n the_o florentine_n have_v great_a confidence_n beaumond_n come_v up_o with_o his_o army_n betwixt_o cassina_n and_o pisa_n and_o lodge_v it_o convenient_o for_o the_o batter_a the_o town_n have_v be_v two_o or_o three_o day_n before_o it_o and_o all_o thing_n ready_a for_o the_o assault_n commissioner_n come_v out_o and_o offer_v to_o surrender_v to_o the_o french_a upon_o condition_n that_o he_o will_v engage_v upon_o the_o honour_n of_o his_o master_n that_o it_o shall_v not_o in_o four_o month_n time_n be_v deliver_v to_o the_o florentine_a to_o which_o the_o florentine_n not_o consent_v the_o commissioner_n return_v the_o cause_n why_o the_o florentine_n refuse_v it_o be_v their_o jealousy_n of_o the_o king_n though_o they_o have_v put_v themselves_o under_o his_o protection_n they_o do_v not_o consider_v that_o the_o king_n can_v better_o have_v put_v the_o town_n into_o their_o hand_n when_o he_o be_v master_n of_o it_o himself_o and_o if_o he_o have_v refuse_v it_o it_o will_v have_v discover_v he_o than_o promise_n to_o do_v it_o when_o he_o be_v not_o in_o possession_n and_o yet_o they_o be_v force_v to_o purchase_v that_o promise_n at_o a_o very_a great_a rate_n two_o year_n after_o arezzo_n revolt_v and_o the_o king_n send_v seigneur_n jubalt_n with_o supply_n to_o the_o florentine_n who_o have_v besiege_v the_o town_n jubalt_n be_v no_o soon_o arrive_v but_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o arezzo_n make_v he_o the_o same_o proffer_n and_o the_o florentine_n can_v not_o be_v bring_v to_o consent_v jubalt_n resent_v it_o and_o know_v it_o to_o be_v a_o great_a fault_n he_o practise_v private_o with_o the_o aretine_n without_o communicate_v with_o the_o florentine_a commissary_n a_o agreement_n be_v clap_v up_o betwixt_o they_o by_o virtue_n of_o which_o jubalt_n enter_v the_o town_n and_o reproach_v the_o florentine_n by_o their_o indiscretion_n as_o people_n whole_o inexperience_v in_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o world_n he_o tell_v they_o if_o they_o desire_v to_o have_v it_o they_o shall_v signify_v it_o to_o the_o king_n who_o will_v be_v better_a able_a to_o gratify_v they_o in_o the_o town_n than_o without_o the_o florentine_n be_v high_o offend_v and_o speak_v very_o hardly_o of_o jubalt_n till_o they_o consider_v that_o of_o beaumond_n have_v do_v the_o same_o at_o pisa_n they_o have_v both_o as_o well_o as_o one_o i_o say_v therefore_o that_o weak_a and_o irresolute_a state_n do_v seldom_o take_v good_a counsel_n unless_o they_o be_v force_v for_o their_o weakness_n suffer_v they_o not_o to_o deliberate_v where_o any_o thing_n be_v doubtful_a and_o if_o that_o doubt_n be_v not_o remove_v by_o a_o violent_a necessity_n they_o never_o come_v to_o a_o resolution_n but_o be_v always_o in_o suspense_n chap._n thirty-nine_o divers_a people_n have_v many_o time_n the_o same_o accident_n whoever_o compare_v past_a thing_n with_o the_o present_a will_v find_v that_o in_o all_o age_n man_n have_v have_v the_o same_o humour_n and_o appetite_n as_o now_o so_o that_o it_o be_v a_o easy_a matter_n by_o consult_v what_o be_v pass_v not_o only_o in_o all_o commonwealth_n to_o see_v what_o will_v follow_v but_o to_o provide_v such_o remedy_n as_o their_o predecessor_n do_v apply_v or_o if_o there_o be_v no_o precedent_n to_o invent_v new_a remedy_n according_a to_o the_o similitude_n of_o the_o accident_n but_o because_o these_o consideration_n be_v neglect_v history_n not_o read_v or_o not_o understand_v at_o least_o by_o he_o who_o govern_v it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o all_o age_n have_v their_o miscarriage_n and_o trouble_n the_o city_n of_o florence_n after_o the_o government_n have_v stand_v 94_o year_n have_v lose_v a_o good_a part_n of_o its_o territory_n as_o pisa_n and_o other_o town_n be_v force_v to_o make_v war_n upon_o those_o who_o possess_v they_o and_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v strong_a and_o unwilling_a to_o restore_v they_o much_o be_v spend_v in_o the_o war_n to_o very_o little_a purpose_n their_o great_a expense_n occasion_v great_a tax_n and_o their_o imposition_n upon_o the_o people_n make_v they_o mutinous_a and_o unquiet_a these_o affair_n be_v administer_v by_o a_o magistracy_n of_o ten_o citizen_n who_o be_v call_v the_o dieci_fw-la della_fw-it guerra_n the_o people_n begin_v to_o repine_v and_o to_o complain_v that_o the_o say_a counsel_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o war_n and_o that_o they_o embezle_v their_o money_n that_o the_o best_a way_n will_v be_v to_o remove_v they_o from_o that_o office_n or_o when_o their_o time_n be_v expire_v to_o choose_v no_o more_o but_o let_v the_o government_n fall_v back_o into_o its_o old_a channel_n again_o these_o grave_a person_n who_o have_v the_o superintendancy_n of_o the_o war_n be_v no_o soon_o discharge_v but_o thing_n grow_v worse_a and_o worse_o and_o instead_o of_o recover_v pisa_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o town_n in_o dispute_n they_o lose_v arezzo_n and_o several_a other_o place_n the_o people_n find_v their_o mistake_n and_o that_o their_o malady_n be_v rather_o from_o the_o fever_n than_o the_o physician_n they_o restore_v the_o ten_o commissary_n which_o before_o they_o have_v cashier_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n have_v the_o same_o fancy_n against_o the_o consul_n and_o will_v not_o believe_v but_o they_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o all_o their_o distraction_n and_o that_o to_o settle_v all_o thing_n and_o preserve_v themselves_o in_o peace_n the_o best_a way_n will_v be_v to_o remove_v they_o entire_o and_o provide_v that_o there_o shall_v never_o be_v any_o more_o or_o else_o to_o restrain_v and_o limit_v their_o authority_n in_o such_o manner_n that_o they_o shall_v have_v no_o power_n over_o they_o either_o within_o the_o city_n or_o without_o they_o believe_v that_o all_o proceed_v from_o the_o ambition_n of_o the_o nobility_n who_o not_o be_v able_a to_o chastise_v the_o people_n in_o the_o city_n because_o they_o be_v protect_v by_o their_o tribune_n contrive_v to_o carry_v they_o out_o of_o town_n under_o the_o command_n of_o their_o consul_n to_o correct_v they_o where_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v capable_a of_o any_o redress_n the_o first_o man_n who_o have_v the_o confidence_n to_o propose_v it_o be_v terentillus_n a_o tribune_n who_o move_v that_o it_o may_v be_v commit_v to_o five_o person_n to_o consider_v the_o power_n of_o the_o consul_n and_o to_o appoint_v limitation_n the_o nobility_n oppose_v it_o and_o it_o be_v probable_a employ_v all_o their_o interest_n against_o it_o for_o it_o be_v no_o less_o than_o to_o debase_v the_o majesty_n of_o the_o government_n and_o leave_v themselves_o no_o dignity_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n nevertheless_o the_o obstinacy_n of_o the_o tribune_n be_v such_o that_o the_o name_n of_o consul_n be_v lay_v aside_o and_o after_o several_a experiment_n the_o people_n choose_v rather_o to_o create_v their_o tribune_n with_o consular_a power_n than_o to_o create_v new_a consul_n again_o show_v thereby_o that_o their_o quarrel_n be_v not_o so_o much_o against_o the_o authority_n as_o name_n but_o they_o find_v their_o error_n at_o length_n and_o restore_v their_o consul_n as_o the_o florentine_n do_v their_o council_n of_o ten_o chap._n xl._o the_o creation_n of_o the_o decemvirate_a in_o rome_n what_o thing_n be_v most_o remarkable_a in_o it_o and_o how_o far_o such_o a_o constitution_n may_v be_v useful_a or_o pernicious_a to_o a_o commonwealth_n before_o we_o discourse_v of_o the_o trouble_n and_o commotion_n which_o happen_v in_o rome_n by_o mean_n of_o the_o decemvirate_a it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o give_v a_o short_a history_n of_o its_o creation_n in_o which_o there_o be_v many_o thing_n well_o worthy_a our_o remark_n as_o well_o for_o the_o preservation_n as_o destruction_n of_o a_o state_n and_o this_o discourse_n will_v remonstrate_v the_o error_n both_o of_o the_o
take_v away_o without_o manifest_a danger_n it_o be_v but_o equitable_a therefore_o that_o the_o people_n shall_v be_v capable_a of_o the_o consulship_n that_o be_v nourish_v a_o while_n with_o only_a the_o hope_n they_o may_v at_o length_n be_v so_o happy_a as_o to_o have_v it_o in_o effect_n a_o city_n that_o employ_v not_o its_o people_n in_o any_o great_a affair_n may_v order_v they_o as_o it_o please_v but_o if_o it_o design_n to_o extend_v its_o empire_n and_o do_v as_o the_o roman_n do_v there_o must_v be_v no_o distinction_n and_o that_o no_o regard_n ought_v to_o be_v have_v of_o any_o man_n age_n appear_v by_o this_o that_o in_o the_o election_n of_o a_o young_a man_n to_o a_o degree_n in_o which_o the_o wisdom_n of_o a_o old_a man_n be_v requisite_a the_o multitude_n be_v to_o elect_v it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o young_a man_n be_v recommend_v by_o some_o extraordinary_a exploit_n and_o when_o a_o young_a man_n be_v so_o happy_a as_o to_o have_v make_v himself_o conspicuous_a in_o the_o city_n by_o some_o honourable_a achievement_n it_o be_v not_o only_o hard_a but_o inconvenient_a if_o the_o say_a city_n may_v not_o receive_v the_o benefit_n of_o his_o virtue_n immediate_o but_o be_v force_v to_o attend_v till_o his_o mind_n as_o well_o as_o body_n be_v super-annuated_n and_o all_o that_o vigour_n and_o promptitude_n lose_v which_o at_o that_o time_n may_v have_v be_v so_o serviceable_a to_o his_o country_n at_o which_o age_n valerius_n corvinus_n scipio_n pompey_n and_o many_o other_o do_v great_a thing_n and_o be_v permit_v to_o triumph_v for_o their_o pain_n the_o discourse_n of_o nicholas_n machiavelli_n citizen_z and_o secretary_z of_o florence_n upon_o the_o first_o decade_n of_o livy_n to_o zanobi_n bvondelmonti_n and_o cosimo_n rucellai_n libre_fw-la ii_o the_o preface_n it_o be_v the_o common_a practice_n of_o mankind_n to_o commend_v the_o ancient_a and_o condemn_v the_o present_a time_n but_o in_o my_o judgement_n not_o always_o with_o reason_n for_o so_o studious_o be_v they_o devote_v to_o thing_n of_o antiquity_n that_o they_o do_v not_o only_o admire_v what_o be_v transmit_v by_o old_a author_n but_o applaud_v and_o cry_v up_o when_o they_o be_v old_a the_o passage_n and_o occurrence_n in_o their_o youth_n but_o my_o opinion_n be_v this_o their_o way_n of_o computation_n be_v many_o time_n false_a and_o that_o upon_o several_a account_n first_o because_o of_o such_o very_a ancient_a thing_n we_o can_v have_v no_o absolute_a knowledge_n for_o most_o common_o in_o the_o narrative_a of_o affair_n what_o be_v infamous_a or_o ill_o do_v be_v pretermit_v in_o silence_n whilst_o what_o be_v well_o do_v and_o honourable_a be_v relate_v with_o all_o the_o art_n and_o amplification_n of_o rhetoric_n for_o so_o much_o be_v historian_n accustom_v to_o attribute_n to_o the_o fortune_n of_o the_o conqueror_n that_o to_o increase_v his_o praise_n they_o do_v not_o only_o exspatiate_v upon_o his_o conduct_n and_o exploit_n but_o they_o do_v likewise_o so_o magnify_v and_o illustrate_v the_o very_a action_n of_o the_o enemy_n that_o they_o who_o come_v after_o behold_v thing_n at_o a_o great_a distance_n have_v reason_n to_o admire_v those_o time_n and_o those_o man_n and_o by_o consequence_n to_o love_v they_o beside_o it_o be_v envy_n or_o fear_v which_o dispose_v people_n to_o hatred_n neither_o of_o those_o passion_n extend_v to_o what_o can_v possible_o hurt_v they_o two_o great_a cause_n be_v want_v of_o find_v fault_n with_o antiquity_n for_o as_o thing_n so_o long_o pass_v can_v any_o way_n prejudice_n so_o they_o can_v provoke_v to_o envy_v or_o discontent_n but_o present_a thing_n which_o be_v obvious_a to_o our_o own_o sense_n be_v universal_o know_v and_o no_o circumstance_n that_o pass_v whether_o good_a or_o bad_a that_o can_v be_v total_o conceal_v from_o whence_o it_o proceed_v that_o observe_v with_o the_o excellence_n and_o virtue_n of_o our_o present_a affair_n whatever_o be_v concomitant_a of_o imprudence_n or_o vice_n we_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n compel_v to_o postpone_v they_o to_o thing_n of_o antiquity_n where_o the_o good_a only_o be_v display_v and_o the_o bad_a pass_v by_o though_o perhaps_o the_o present_a thing_n be_v more_o worthy_o glorious_a i_o do_v not_o intend_v any_o thing_n hereby_o of_o the_o art_n and_o science_n of_o our_o predecessor_n so_o high_o improve_v and_o illustrate_v that_o it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o time_n either_o to_o add_v any_o thing_n or_o subtract_v i_o only_o speak_v of_o the_o manner_n and_o civil_a conversation_n of_o man_n in_o which_o indeed_o we_o have_v not_o so_o many_o virtuous_a example_n as_o be_v to_o be_v find_v among_o our_o ancestor_n so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o altogether_o unjust_o if_o antiquity_n be_v prefer_v yet_o be_v not_o our_o present_a transaction_n to_o be_v always_o condemn_v as_o worse_a than_o the_o former_a as_o if_o antiquity_n have_v no_o error_n at_o all_o humane_a affair_n be_v in_o perpetual_a fluctuation_n and_o have_v their_o time_n of_o decrease_n as_o well_o as_o advancement_n a_o city_n or_o province_n found_v by_o some_o excellent_a person_n upon_o good_a principle_n and_o law_n not_o only_o stand_v but_o flourish_n and_o increase_v a_o long_a time_n in_o honour_n authority_n and_o wealth_n and_o those_o person_n who_o happiness_n it_o be_v to_o be_v bear_v under_o those_o government_n whilst_o they_o be_v glorious_a and_o powerful_a be_v apt_a to_o prefer_v their_o old_a custom_n to_o the_o disparagement_n of_o the_o new_a yet_o they_o be_v in_o a_o error_n and_o for_o the_o reason_n abovesaid_a but_o those_o who_o be_v bear_v when_o the_o state_n be_v in_o its_o declension_n do_v not_o so_o much_o transgress_v when_o they_o commend_v what_o be_v pass_v and_o decry_v what_o be_v present_a which_o thing_n have_v serious_o consider_v with_o myself_o i_o conceive_v to_o be_v cause_v because_o the_o world_n have_v be_v always_o the_o same_o and_o make_v up_o promiscuous_o of_o good_a thing_n and_o bad_a yet_o these_o good_a and_o bad_a thing_n have_v vary_v sometime_o and_o as_o it_o be_v transmigrate_v from_o one_o city_n and_o one_o province_n to_o another_o so_o that_o in_o those_o place_n where_o virtue_n have_v be_v a_o long_a time_n predominant_a vice_n have_v steal_v in_o by_o degree_n and_o supplant_v it_o which_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o revolution_n of_o kingdom_n and_o empire_n where_o virtue_n and_o justice_n have_v have_v its_o time_n and_o be_v transfuse_v afterward_o into_o other_o country_n however_o the_o world_n be_v the_o same_o though_o its_o virtue_n and_o magnanimity_n be_v unstable_a remove_v and_o shift_v from_o the_o assyrian_n first_o to_o the_o mede_n from_o the_o mede_n to_o the_o persian_n and_o from_o they_o to_o the_o roman_n and_o if_o after_o the_o roman_a empire_n there_o have_v be_v no_o government_n so_o great_a as_o to_o comprehend_v and_o engross_v the_o virtue_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n yet_o the_o same_o virtue_n that_o be_v of_o old_a among_o the_o roman_n be_v not_o extinct_a but_o disperse_v and_o branch_v out_o into_o several_a kingdom_n and_o province_n as_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o turk_n the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o sultan_n the_o empire_n of_o the_o german_n and_o the_o sect_n of_o the_o saracin_n which_o conquer_v so_o many_o province_n and_o commit_v such_o devastation_n as_o be_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o east_n in_o these_o kingdom_n rend_v and_o divide_v from_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o roman_n the_o old_a roman_a virtue_n be_v diffuse_v and_o retain_v still_o something_o of_o its_o pristine_a lustre_n so_o that_o it_o may_v without_o injustice_n be_v admire_v in_o some_o place_n which_o be_v so_o he_o who_o be_v bear_v in_o those_o province_n where_o the_o roman_a virtue_n and_o discipline_n be_v still_o in_o be_v but_o decline_a if_o he_o applaud_v his_o old_a countryman_n and_o blame_v his_o contemporary_n his_o error_n be_v not_o great_a but_o he_o that_o be_v bear_v in_o italy_n and_o be_v not_o in_o his_o heart_n a_o tramontan_n or_o in_o greece_n and_o be_v not_o a_o turk_n must_v needs_o bewail_v his_o own_o time_n and_o cry_v up_o his_o predecessor_n in_o which_o he_o will_v find_v many_o thing_n well_o worthy_a his_o admiration_n whereas_o in_o these_o there_o be_v nothing_o but_o wickedness_n and_o obloquy_n no_o religion_n no_o law_n no_o discipline_n but_o all_o thing_n impure_a and_o brutish_a and_o they_o be_v the_o more_o detestable_a and_o deplorable_a by_o how_o much_o the_o same_o person_n who_o will_v be_v imitate_v and_o be_v set_v aloft_o to_o command_v all_o and_o correct_v those_o that_o be_v vicious_a be_v most_o dissolute_a and_o most_o vicious_a themselves_o but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o discourse_n i_o say_v that_o though_o humane_a judgement_n be_v frail_a
and_o may_v be_v mistake_v in_o its_o character_n of_o such_o thing_n as_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o antiquity_n can_v fall_v so_o perfect_o under_o one_o cognizance_n yet_o that_o will_v not_o excuse_v old_a man_n for_o prefer_v the_o transaction_n in_o their_o youth_n because_o both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o be_v equal_o liable_a to_o their_o knowledge_n nor_o will_v they_o be_v of_o that_o opinion_n if_o man_n have_v the_o same_o sentiment_n and_o appetite_n as_o long_o as_o they_o live_v but_o our_o affection_n alter_v and_o our_o rational_a soul_n be_v otherwise_o dispose_v than_o former_o we_o judge_v otherwise_o of_o thing_n though_o the_o time_n be_v the_o same_o for_o how_o be_v it_o possible_a the_o same_o thing_n shall_v please_v in_o our_o youth_n and_o old_a age_n when_o their_o study_n and_o delight_n be_v so_o different_a and_o remote_a for_o to_o say_v no_o more_o as_o the_o quickness_n and_o vigour_n of_o the_o body_n decrease_v in_o old_a man_n so_o their_o judgement_n and_o prudence_n increase_v proportionable_o and_o thence_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o same_o thing_n which_o seem_v tolerable_a in_o their_o youth_n grow_v insupportable_a when_o they_o be_v old_a so_o that_o the_o fault_n be_v more_o in_o their_o judgement_n than_o the_o age_n for_o suppose_v those_o thing_n to_o be_v good_a which_o be_v wise_a by_o experience_n they_o find_v to_o be_v otherwise_o to_o which_o it_o may_v be_v add_v that_o the_o desire_n of_o mankind_n be_v immense_a and_o unsatiable_a that_o natural_o we_o be_v covetous_a of_o every_o thing_n whereas_o fortune_n allow_v we_o but_o little_o that_o from_o thence_o it_o happen_v that_o no_o â—an_v be_v content_v every_o man_n despise_v what_o he_o be_v already_o possess_v of_o commend_v what_o be_v pass_v condemn_v what_o be_v present_a and_o belong_v for_o what_o be_v to_o come_v though_o induce_v by_o no_o reasonable_a occasion_n thing_n be_v thus_o i_o can_v resolve_v myself_o whether_o ever_o i_o may_v not_o be_v of_o that_o number_n who_o in_o these_o my_o discourse_n have_v so_o high_o magnify_v the_o old_a time_n and_o exploit_n of_o the_o roman_n to_o the_o diminution_n of_o our_o own_o and_o true_o be_v not_o the_o virtue_n of_o that_o age_n as_o clear_a as_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o wickedness_n of_o we_o as_o manifest_v as_o that_o i_o shall_v have_v be_v more_o moderate_a and_o fear_v to_o have_v run_v into_o the_o same_o error_n which_o i_o have_v condemn_v in_o other_o people_n but_o thing_n be_v so_o evident_a i_o may_v with_o boldness_n deliver_v my_o opinion_n of_o both_o time_n to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o mind_n of_o such_o young_a person_n as_o shall_v peruse_v my_o conception_n may_v be_v admonish_v to_o avoid_v those_o vice_n which_o be_v so_o prevalent_a now_o and_o prepare_v to_o imitate_v the_o virtue_n of_o our_o ancestor_n whenever_o occasion_n shall_v be_v offer_v for_o it_o be_v the_o office_n of_o a_o good_a man_n to_o recommend_v that_o to_o other_o people_n which_o he_o think_v for_o the_o interest_n and_o honour_n of_o his_o country_n though_o perhaps_o the_o adversity_n of_o his_o fortune_n and_o the_o malignity_n of_o the_o time_n will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o practice_v it_o himself_o that_o by_o his_o instruction_n so_o many_o at_o least_o some_o one_o may_v be_v so_o fortunate_a as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o follow_v he_o wherefore_o have_v in_o may_o first_o book_n do_v with_o what_o i_o propose_v about_o the_o original_a institution_n of_o government_n and_o what_o be_v in_o my_o judgement_n necessary_a to_o preserve_v they_o i_o shall_v now_o in_o this_o second_o discourse_n of_o what_o the_o roman_n do_v abroad_o for_o the_o enlargement_n and_o augmentation_n of_o their_o empire_n chap._n i._n whether_o the_o virtue_n or_o fortune_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v the_o occasion_n of_o the_o greatness_n of_o their_o empire_n many_o have_v think_v and_o plutarch_n a_o grave_a author_n among_o the_o rest_n that_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n where_o more_o behold_v to_o their_o fortune_n than_o virtue_n in_o the_o acquisition_n of_o their_o empire_n and_o among_o other_o reason_n he_o infer_v it_o from_o their_o own_o silent_a confession_n in_o have_v erect_v more_o temple_n to_o fortune_n than_o to_o any_o of_o their_o go_n livy_n seem_v to_o be_v likewise_o of_o the_o same_o opinion_n for_o he_o seldom_o introduce_v a_o roman_a speak_v any_o thing_n of_o virtue_n but_o immediate_o it_o be_v follow_v with_o fortune_n with_o which_o nevertheless_o i_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n comply_v nor_o believe_v it_o will_v hold_v water_n for_o though_o no_o commonwealth_n be_v to_o be_v find_v that_o have_v make_v such_o progress_n as_o the_o roman_a why_o shall_v it_o be_v rather_o impute_v to_o their_o good_a fortune_n than_o the_o solid_a constitution_n of_o their_o law_n the_o courage_n of_o their_o army_n and_o the_o excellent_a conduct_n of_o their_o emperor_n extend_v their_o empire_n and_o then_o their_o own_o just_a measure_n and_o the_o wise_a institution_n of_o their_o first_o legislator_n preserve_v what_o they_o get_v as_o we_o shall_v hereafter_o more_o large_o discover_v it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o roman_n be_v never_o at_o one_o time_n involve_v in_o two_o considerable_a war_n which_o be_v impute_v rather_o to_o their_o fortune_n than_o wisdom_n for_o they_o have_v no_o quarrel_n with_o the_o latin_n till_o they_o have_v subdue_v the_o samnite_n and_o be_v force_v to_o make_v war_n in_o their_o defence_n they_o have_v no_o controversy_n with_o the_o tuscan_n till_o they_o have_v beat_v the_o latin_n and_o with_o their_o frequent_a victory_n almost_o extinguish_v the_o sabine_n whereas_o if_o two_o of_o these_o state_n have_v confederated_a and_o join_v their_o powerful_a army_n against_o they_o no_o doubt_n but_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o roman_n will_v have_v be_v in_o very_o great_a danger_n but_o be_v it_o as_o it_o will_v this_o be_v most_o certain_a they_o never_o have_v two_o great_a war_n upon_o their_o hand_n at_o a_o time_n but_o they_o begin_v one_o when_o they_o end_v the_o other_o or_o the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o be_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o second_o and_o this_o may_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o series_n of_o their_o war_n for_o to_o pass_v by_o their_o quarrel_n before_o rome_n be_v take_v by_o the_o french_a whilst_o the_o aequi_n and_o volsci_n be_v powerful_a and_o strong_a they_o have_v no_o enemy_n but_o they_o when_o they_o be_v conquer_v their_o war_n break_v out_o with_o the_o samnite_n and_o though_o before_o that_o be_v perfect_o conclude_v the_o latin_n rebel_v yet_o before_o it_o can_v be_v bring_v to_o a_o war_n the_o samnite_n have_v make_v their_o peace_n and_o join_v their_o army_n with_o the_o roman_n to_o reduce_v the_o latini_n that_o war_n be_v finish_v the_o war_n with_o the_o samnite_n revive_v and_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o much_o mischief_n to_o the_o samnite_n after_o which_o the_o roman_n begin_v with_o the_o tuscan_n and_o that_o be_v compose_v the_o samnite_n break_v out_o again_o upon_o the_o passage_n of_o pyrrhus_n into_o italy_n who_o be_v repulse_v into_o greece_n they_o have_v opportunity_n for_o their_o war_n with_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o their_o first_o war_n with_o that_o state_n be_v no_o soon_o determine_v but_o the_o french_a and_o the_o inhabitant_n on_o this_o and_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o alps_o conspire_v so_o effectual_o against_o they_o that_o betwixt_o popolonia_n and_o pisa_n where_o the_o tower_n of_o st._n vincent_n be_v at_o this_o day_n to_o be_v see_v the_o confederate_n be_v rout_v with_o a_o very_a great_a slaughter_n this_o war_n be_v conclude_v for_o twenty_o year_n together_o they_o have_v no_o considerable_a war_n for_o they_o have_v no_o body_n to_o fight_v with_o but_o the_o ligures_n and_o the_o resict_v of_o those_o french_a who_o be_v remain_v in_o lombardy_n in_o this_o posture_n they_o continue_v till_o the_o second_o punic_a war_n which_o last_v 16_o year_n and_o perplex_v they_o exceed_o that_o war_n be_v end_v with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o honour_n their_o next_o enterprise_n be_v against_o the_o macedonian_n after_o which_o their_o war_n happen_v with_o antiochus_n in_o asia_n and_o when_o he_o be_v overcome_v there_o be_v not_o a_o prince_n or_o state_n in_o the_o whole_a world_n which_o by_o itself_o or_o conjunction_n with_o the_o rest_n be_v able_a to_o contend_v with_o the_o roman_n but_o before_o this_o last_o victory_n whoever_o consider_v the_o method_n of_o their_o war_n and_o their_o manner_n of_o proceed_v shall_v find_v great_a virtue_n and_o wisdom_n intermix_v with_o their_o good_a fortune_n so_o that_o the_o reason_n of_o their_o good_a fortune_n be_v easy_o discover_v for_o this_o be_v most_o certain_a when_o a_o prince_n or_o commonwealth_n arrive_v at_o that_o height_n of_o
reputation_n that_o no_o neighbour-prince_n or_o people_n dare_v venture_v to_o invade_v he_o unless_o compel_v by_o indispensible_a necessity_n he_o may_v do_v what_o he_o please_v it_o be_v in_o his_o election_n with_o who_o he_o will_v make_v war_n and_o with_o who_o he_o will_v be_v at_o peace_n for_o his_o neighbour_n be_v afraid_a of_o his_o power_n be_v glad_a to_o be_v his_o friend_n and_o those_o potentate_n who_o be_v far_a off_o and_o have_v no_o commerce_n with_o they_o look_v on_o as_o unconcern_v as_o if_o the_o consequence_n can_v have_v no_o reflection_n on_o they_o and_o in_o this_o error_n they_o do_v many_o time_n continue_v till_o the_o calamity_n be_v bring_v home_o to_o their_o own_o door_n and_o then_o when_o it_o be_v too_o late_a they_o have_v nothing_o but_o their_o own_o private_a force_n to_o oppose_v which_o be_v too_o weak_a when_o the_o enemy_n be_v grow_v so_o strong_a i_o will_v not_o enlarge_v upon_o the_o samnite_n nor_o recount_v how_o they_o stand_v still_o and_o look_v on_o while_o the_o roman_n conquer_v the_o aequi_n and_o the_o volsci_n but_o to_o avoid_v prolixity_n i_o shall_v pass_v to_o the_o carthaginian_n who_o be_v of_o great_a power_n and_o authority_n when_o the_o roman_n be_v at_o war_n both_o with_o the_o somnite_n and_o tuscan_n they_o have_v the_o command_n of_o all_o africa_a and_o be_v supreme_a in_o sicily_n sardinia_n and_o great_a part_n of_o spain_n blind_v with_o their_o power_n and_o as_o they_o think_v secure_a in_o their_o distance_n it_o never_o come_v into_o their_o head_n to_o invade_v they_o at_o that_o time_n or_o to_o give_v any_o assistance_n to_o the_o samnite_n or_o tuscan_n but_o according_a to_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o world_n with_o thing_n that_o be_v new_a and_o increase_a they_o rather_o side_v with_o they_o and_o desire_v their_o friendship_n not_o so_o much_o as_o perceive_v their_o error_n till_o the_o roman_n have_v conquer_v all_o the_o intermediate_v state_n and_o begin_v to_o contend_v with_o they_o for_o the_o empire_n of_o sicily_n and_o spain_n and_o what_o happen_v to_o the_o carthaginian_n happen_v likewise_o to_o the_o french_a to_z philip_z of_o macedon_n and_o to_o antiochus_n each_o of_o they_o believe_v whilst_o the_o roman_n be_v employ_v in_o their_o war_n with_o other_o people_n that_o they_o will_v either_o be_v overcome_v or_o that_o they_o themselves_o shall_v have_v time_n enough_o to_o make_v peace_n or_o war_n with_o they_o as_o they_o see_v it_o most_o for_o their_o advantage_n so_o that_o consider_v what_o be_v good_a i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o the_o same_o fortune_n and_o prosperity_n may_v be_v expect_v by_o any_o prince_n or_o state_n which_o exercise_v the_o same_o virtue_n and_o industry_n as_o the_o roman_n have_v do_v before_o they_o and_o here_o we_o may_v very_o proper_o discourse_v of_o the_o roman_a method_n in_o the_o invasion_n of_o other_o province_n but_o we_o have_v do_v that_o at_o large_a in_o our_o treatise_n call_v the_o prince_n yet_o this_o i_o shall_v say_v in_o short_a that_o the_o roman_n make_v always_o sure_a of_o some_o friend_n or_o other_o in_o the_o province_n against_o which_o they_o design_v that_o may_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o admit_v they_o and_o give_v they_o entrance_n and_o help_v afterward_o to_o keep_v what_o they_o have_v be_v instrumental_a in_o get_v so_o by_o intelligence_n with_o the_o capuan_n they_o invade_v samnium_n by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o camertine_n they_o get_v into_o tuscany_n by_o the_o mamertine_n into_o sicily_n by_o the_o saguntines_n into_o spain_n massinissa_n give_v they_o entrance_n into_o africa_n the_o etoli_n into_o greece_n eumenes_n and_o other_o prince_n into_o asia_n and_o the_o massilienses_n and_o hedai_n into_o france_n and_o as_o by_o their_o correspondence_n they_o conquer_v most_o of_o those_o country_n so_o by_o their_o interest_n they_o preserve_v they_o which_o way_n if_o diligent_o observe_v by_o other_o people_n it_o will_v be_v find_v that_o their_o prosperity_n depend_v less_o upon_o fortune_n than_o those_o state_n who_o observe_v not_o that_o course_n but_o to_o illustrate_v what_o we_o have_v say_v and_o make_v it_o so_o plain_a and_o perspicuous_a that_o every_o one_o may_v see_v how_o much_o more_o their_o virtue_n than_o their_o fortune_n contribute_v to_o their_o empire_n in_o our_o next_o chapter_n we_o will_v consider_v what_o those_o people_n be_v who_o the_o roman_n subdue_v and_o with_o what_o obstinacy_n they_o defend_v their_o liberty_n chap._n ii_o with_o what_o nation_n the_o roman_n contend_v and_o with_o what_o obstinancy_n those_o nation_n resist_v nothing_o make_v it_o so_o difficult_a for_o the_o roman_n to_o conquer_v their_o neighbour_n and_o some_o other_o remote_a province_n as_o the_o love_n which_o the_o people_n of_o those_o time_n do_v bear_v to_o their_o liberty_n for_o in_o defence_n of_o that_o they_o be_v so_o indefatigable_o studious_a that_o nothing_o but_o singular_a and_o extraordinary_a virtue_n can_v have_v subdue_v they_o and_o this_o be_v demonstrable_a by_o the_o many_o and_o great_a danger_n to_o which_o they_o expose_v themselves_o sometime_o to_o preserve_v and_o sometime_o to_o recover_v it_o as_o also_o by_o the_o severity_n of_o their_o revenge_n upon_o those_o who_o have_v usurp_v it_o it_o be_v evident_a likewise_o in_o history_n what_o detriment_n the_o people_n and_o city_n have_v suffer_v whilst_o they_o be_v in_o servitude_n and_o subjection_n and_o whereas_o now_o a-days_o there_o be_v but_o one_o province_n which_o can_v boast_v of_o free_a city_n in_o ancient_a time_n there_o be_v not_o one_o province_n but_o have_v plenty_n in_o italy_n from_o the_o alps_o which_o divide_v tuscany_n and_o lombardy_n to_o the_o extreme_a part_n of_o that_o country_n there_o be_v many_o free_a state_n as_o the_o tuscan_n the_o roman_n the_o samnite_n and_o other_o nor_o be_v there_o mention_n of_o any_o king_n but_o what_o reign_v in_o rome_n beside_o porsena_n king_n of_o tuscany_n the_o extinction_n of_o who_o line_n though_o not_o set_v down_o in_o history_n yet_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o tuscany_n be_v free_a at_o the_o time_n when_o the_o roman_n encamp_v before_o veii_n so_o well_o satisfy_v with_o their_o liberty_n and_o so_o abhor_v from_o the_o very_a name_n of_o a_o king_n that_o the_o veientes_n have_v for_o their_o better_a defence_n create_v one_o in_o their_o own_o town_n and_o send_v to_o the_o tuscan_n to_o implore_v their_o assistance_n against_o the_o roman_n after_o a_o grave_n and_o solemn_a debate_n it_o be_v resolve_v no_o assistance_n shall_v be_v send_v whilst_o they_o be_v under_o the_o dominion_n of_o a_o king_n as_o think_v it_o unfit_a to_o engage_v in_o the_o defence_n of_o a_o country_n that_o have_v betray_v itself_o and_o prostitute_v to_o the_o dominion_n of_o a_o single_a person_n nor_o be_v this_o universal_a affection_n to_o liberty_n so_o wonderful_a in_o the_o people_n experience_n tell_v we_o that_o no_o city_n have_v augment_v their_o revenue_n or_o enlarge_v their_o territory_n but_o whilst_o they_o be_v free_a and_o at_o liberty_n and_o certain_o it_o be_v a_o prodigious_a thing_n to_o consider_v to_o what_o height_n and_o grandeur_n in_o a_o hundred_o year_n time_n the_o city_n of_o athens_n arrive_v after_o it_o have_v free_v itself_o from_o the_o tyranny_n of_o pisistrate_n but_o much_o more_o to_o consider_v the_o greatness_n of_o rome_n upon_o the_o expulsion_n of_o her_o king_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o all_o be_v because_o in_o commonwealth_n private_a wealth_n and_o emolument_fw-fr be_v not_o so_o much_o aim_v at_o as_o the_o improvement_n of_o the_o public_a nor_o be_v there_o any_o where_o so_o much_o care_n of_o the_o public_a as_o in_o free_a state_n where_o whatever_o be_v equitable_a and_o for_o the_o common_a advantage_n be_v decree_v and_o execute_v without_o respect_n to_o particular_a person_n who_o may_v perhaps_o be_v sufferer_n thereby_o whereas_o in_o city_n that_o be_v govern_v by_o a_o prince_n it_o fall_v out_o quite_o contrary_a for_o there_o what_o make_v common_o for_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o prince_n be_v prejudice_n to_o the_o public_a so_o that_o when_o a_o free-state_n degenerate_v into_o a_o tyranny_n the_o least_o mischief_n that_o it_o can_v expect_v be_v to_o make_v no_o further_o advancement_n in_o its_o empire_n and_o no_o far_o increase_v either_o in_o riches_n or_o power_n but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n it_o go_v backward_o and_o decline_v and_o if_o it_o shall_v so_o happen_v that_o the_o tyrant_n shall_v be_v a_o virtuous_a man_n and_o one_o who_o by_o his_o courage_n and_o military_a discipline_n shall_v enlarge_v his_o dominion_n yet_o whatever_o he_o take_v will_v be_v convert_v to_o his_o own_o private_a use_n without_o any_o benefit_n to_o the_o public_a for_o he_o dare_v not_o advance_v any_o of_o those_o citizen_n
how_o worthy_a and_o honest_a soever_o leave_v he_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o suspect_v they_o afterward_o nor_o can_v he_o make_v those_o city_n which_o he_o subdue_v dependent_a or_o tributary_n to_o that_o where_o he_o be_v absolute_a for_o it_o be_v not_o the_o interest_n of_o a_o tyrant_n to_o make_v his_o subject_n powerful_a or_o unite_a but_o to_o keep_v they_o low_o and_o divide_v that_o every_o town_n every_o province_n may_v depend_v whole_o upon_o himself_o so_o that_o the_o conquest_n of_o a_o usurper_n may_v turn_v to_o his_o own_o profit_n but_o never_o to_o the_o public_a to_o which_o purpose_n many_o thing_n be_v very_o handsome_o write_v by_o xenophon_n in_o his_o treatise_n of_o tyranny_n and_o thing_n be_v thus_o no_o body_n be_v to_o admire_v if_o our_o ancestor_n have_v so_o great_a a_o zeal_n for_o their_o liberty_n and_o the_o very_a name_n of_o a_o tyrant_n be_v so_o odious_a to_o they_o that_o when_o long_o since_o news_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o army_n of_o the_o assassination_n of_o hieronymo_n the_o nephew_n of_o hiero_n of_o syracuse_n and_o the_o whole_a camp_n be_v in_o a_o uproar_n against_o the_o conspirator_n yet_o when_o it_o be_v tell_v they_o that_o they_o have_v proclaim_v liberty_n and_o a_o free_a government_n they_o lay_v by_o their_o indignation_n against_o the_o tyrannicid_n and_o be_v pacify_v with_o the_o very_a name_n of_o liberty_n fall_v into_o consultation_n how_o it_o be_v to_o be_v preserve_v nor_o be_v it_o to_o be_v wonder_v at_o then_o if_o their_o revenge_n be_v so_o violent_a and_o extraordinary_a upon_o those_o who_o will_v violate_v it_o of_o which_o though_o there_o be_v many_o example_n i_o shall_v instance_n only_o in_o one_o but_o that_o most_o remarkable_a and_o horrid_a and_o happen_v in_o corcirca_n a_o city_n in_o greece_n for_o all_o greece_n be_v divide_v and_o consist_v of_o two_o faction_n one_o of_o they_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o athenian_n and_o the_o other_o of_o the_o spartan_n and_o in_o corcirca_n the_o nobility_n prevail_v and_o have_v usurp_v upon_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n it_o happen_v that_o the_o people_n be_v reinforce_v by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o athenian_n overpowr_v the_o nobility_n and_o conquer_v they_o again_o have_v restore_v their_o liberty_n and_o shake_v off_o their_o servitude_n they_o clap_v up_o all_o the_o nobility_n in_o a_o large_a prison_n and_o bring_v they_o forth_o by_o ten_o at_o a_o time_n as_o if_o they_o be_v to_o be_v banish_v they_o put_v they_o to_o death_n with_o most_o exquisite_a torment_n which_o severity_n come_v by_o degree_n to_o the_o ear_n of_o the_o remainder_n they_o resolve_v to_o do_v what_o be_v possible_a to_o defend_v themselves_o against_o it_o upon_o which_o they_o stand_v upon_o their_o guard_n and_o will_v suffer_v none_o of_o the_o officer_n to_o come_v in_o whereupon_o in_o a_o great_a fury_n the_o people_n run_v thither_o pull_v off_o the_o cover_n of_o the_o house_n where_o they_o be_v and_o throw_v down_o the_o wall_n bury_v they_o all_o in_o the_o ruin_n and_o of_o this_o sort_n of_o cruelty_n there_o be_v many_o other_o example_n in_o that_o province_n for_o the_o people_n be_v usual_o more_o impetuous_a in_o revenge_v the_o loss_n of_o their_o liberty_n than_o in_o defend_v it_o but_o it_o may_v not_o unfit_o be_v admire_v in_o this_o place_n what_o shall_v be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o ancient_n shall_v be_v more_o zealous_a for_o public_a liberty_n than_o we_o in_o our_o day_n if_o my_o opinion_n may_v pass_v i_o think_v it_o be_v for_o the_o same_o reason_n that_o in_o those_o time_n man_n be_v more_o robu_v and_o strong_a than_o now_o which_o proceed_v much_o from_o the_o diversity_n betwixt_o their_o education_n their_o religion_n and_o we_o for_o whereas_o our_o religion_n give_v we_o a_o just_a prospect_n and_o contemplation_n of_o thing_n and_o teach_v we_o to_o despise_v the_o magnificence_n and_o pomp_n of_o the_o world_n the_o ethnic_n value_v they_o so_o high_o and_o believe_v they_o their_o chief_a happiness_n it_o make_v they_o more_o fierce_a and_o busy_a to_o defend_v they_o and_o this_o may_v be_v collect_v from_o several_a of_o their_o custom_n for_o if_o the_o sacrifice_n in_o their_o day_n be_v compare_v with_o the_o sacrifice_n in_o we_o they_o will_v be_v find_v magnificent_a and_o horrid_a we_o delicate_a and_o neat_a but_o neither_o so_o magnificent_a nor_o cruel_a they_o want_v not_o pomp_n nor_o formality_n in_o those_o ceremony_n and_o yet_o to_o make_v they_o the_o more_o venerable_a and_o solemn_a they_o add_v blood_n and_o slaughter_n to_o they_o offer_v up_o infinite_a number_n of_o beast_n which_o be_v slay_v before_o the_o people_n make_v they_o more_o hard-hearted_a and_o cruel_a moreover_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o gentile_n do_v not_o place_v their_o beatitude_n any_o where_o but_o upon_o such_o as_o be_v full_a of_o worldly_a glory_n and_o have_v do_v some_o great_a action_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o their_o country_n in_o our_o religion_n the_o meek_a and_o humble_a and_o such_o as_o devote_v themselves_o to_o the_o contemplation_n of_o divine_a thing_n be_v esteem_v more_o happy_a than_o the_o great_a tyrant_n and_o the_o great_a conqueror_n upon_o earth_n and_o the_o summum_fw-la bonum_fw-la which_o the_o other_o place_v in_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o mind_n the_o strength_n of_o the_o body_n and_o whatever_o else_o contribute_v to_o make_v man_n active_a we_o have_v determine_v to_o consist_v in_o humility_n abjection_n and_o contempt_n of_o the_o world_n and_o if_o our_o religion_n require_v any_o fortitude_n it_o be_v rather_o to_o enable_v we_o to_o suffer_v than_o to_o act_n so_o that_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o this_o way_n of_o live_v so_o contrary_a to_o the_o ancient_n have_v render_v the_o christian_n more_o weak_a and_o effeminate_a and_o leave_v they_o as_o a_o prey_n to_o those_o who_o be_v more_o wicked_a and_o may_v order_v they_o as_o they_o please_v the_o most_o part_n of_o they_o think_v more_o of_o paradise_n than_o preferment_n and_o of_o endure_v than_o revenge_v of_o injury_n as_o if_o heaven_n be_v to_o be_v win_v rather_o by_o idleness_n than_o arm_n but_o that_o explication_n of_o our_o religion_n be_v erroneous_a and_o they_o who_o make_v it_o be_v poor_a and_o pusillanimous_a and_o more_o give_v to_o their_o case_n than_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v great_a for_o if_o the_o christian_a religion_n allow_v we_o to_o defend_v and_o exalt_v our_o country_n it_o allow_v we_o certain_o to_o love_v it_o and_o honour_v it_o and_o prepare_v ourselves_o so_o as_o we_o may_v be_v able_a to_o defend_v it_o but_o that_o lazy_a and_o unactive_a way_n of_o education_n and_o interpret_n thing_n false_o have_v be_v the_o cause_n that_o there_o be_v not_o so_o many_o commonwealth_n as_o former_o in_o the_o world_n nor_o so_o many_o lover_n and_o champion_n for_o their_o liberty_n and_o yet_o i_o believe_v the_o greatness_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n contribute_v something_o by_o reduce_v all_o the_o free_a state_n and_o republic_n under_o their_o dominion_n nevertheless_o when_o that_o great_a empire_n be_v break_v and_o dissolve_v very_o few_o of_o those_o poor_a state_n can_v recover_v their_o liberty_n but_o when_o it_o begin_v first_o to_o increase_v and_o extend_v itself_o no_o country_n be_v without_o they_o and_o wherever_o the_o roman_n carry_v their_o arm_n they_o find_v little_a commonwealth_n band_v and_o confederate_v against_o they_o and_o defend_v their_o liberty_n with_o all_o imaginable_a constancy_n which_o show_v that_o the_o roman_n be_v a_o people_n of_o more_o than_o ordinary_a courage_n or_o they_o can_v never_o have_v subdue_v they_o the_o samnite_n alone_o will_v be_v example_n sufficient_a who_o as_o livy_n report_v be_v so_o powerful_a and_o so_o hearty_a defender_n of_o their_o liberty_n that_o for_o 46_o year_n together_o they_o maintain_v war_n with_o the_o roman_n and_o though_o they_o have_v receive_v many_o loss_n and_o such_o devastation_n have_v be_v commit_v in_o their_o country_n yet_o they_o can_v never_o be_v whole_o reduce_v before_o the_o consulship_n of_o papyrius_n cursor_n the_o son_n of_o the_o first_o papyrius_n but_o it_o be_v a_o spectacle_n worthy_a of_o any_o man_n pity_n to_o see_v a_o country_n so_o full_a former_o of_o brave_a city_n and_o brave_a man_n and_o all_o of_o they_o free_a now_o desolate_a and_o uninhabited_a and_o scarce_o any_o body_n leave_v to_o which_o condition_n it_o can_v have_v never_o be_v reduce_v but_o by_o the_o discipline_n and_o diligence_n and_o courage_n of_o the_o roman_n but_o all_o this_o proceed_v from_o diversity_n of_o constitution_n for_o all_o city_n and_o free_a state_n whatsoever_o increase_v not_o only_o in_o riches_n and_o authority_n but_o in_o the_o number_n of_o their_o man_n for_o who_o be_v
most_o to_o be_v admire_v for_o there_o be_v no_o example_n of_o any_o body_n that_o make_v use_v of_o it_o before_o they_o nor_o have_v any_o body_n imitate_v they_o since_o and_o as_o to_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o tuscan_n and_o aetolian_n in_o their_o confederation_n there_o be_v no_o body_n follow_v it_o now_o a_o day_n but_o the_o swisser_n and_o the_o suevian_o which_o be_v so_o and_o so_o many_o brave_a thing_n perform_v by_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n as_o well_o for_o the_o conservation_n as_o the_o augmentation_n of_o their_o empire_n it_o be_v not_o strange_a our_o affair_n succeed_v no_o better_a and_o that_o we_o have_v be_v a_o prey_n to_o whoever_o will_v invade_v we_o for_o to_o say_v nothing_o of_o the_o rest_n it_o have_v doubtless_o become_v the_o tuscan_n if_o they_o can_v not_o have_v imitate_v the_o roman_a discipline_n nor_o follow_v their_o measure_n in_o extend_v their_o empire_n at_o least_o to_o have_v follow_v the_o example_n of_o their_o own_o ancestor_n 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may_v be_v object_v to_o those_o philosopher_n who_o hold_v the_o world_n to_o be_v eternal_a that_o if_o so_o long_o a_o course_n of_o antiquity_n be_v true_a it_o will_v be_v but_o reasonable_a that_o the_o memory_n of_o some_o of_o their_o affair_n shall_v have_v last_v above_o five_o thousand_o year_n yet_o there_o may_v be_v some_o reason_n give_v for_o that_o oblivion_n of_o thing_n and_o they_o seem_v twofold_a partly_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n and_o partly_o from_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o heaven_n the_o memory_n of_o great_a thing_n be_v abolish_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n by_o the_o variation_n of_o their_o religion_n or_o language_n for_o when_o a_o new_a religion_n be_v introduce_v the_o first_o care_n of_o he_o that_o will_v propagate_v it_o be_v to_o explode_v and_o extinguish_v whatever_o be_v memorable_a in_o the_o old_a to_o give_v the_o great_a credit_n to_o his_o new_a innovation_n and_o if_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o the_o introducer_n of_o this_o new_a sect_n be_v of_o a_o different_a language_n all_o go_v to_o wreck_n and_o whatever_o be_v before_o be_v easy_o forget_v and_o that_o this_o be_v so_o appear_v by_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n who_o first_o establisher_n do_v principal_o intend_v the_o cancel_v and_o extirpation_n of_o all_o old_a ethnic_a custom_n ceremony_n and_o theology_n and_o if_o there_o remain_v any_o memory_n of_o their_o affair_n it_o be_v because_o there_o be_v no_o new_a language_n introduce_v with_o it_o the_o christian_n be_v constrain_v to_o explain_v themselves_o in_o latin_a whereas_o can_v they_o have_v do_v it_o in_o a_o new_a tongue_n consider_v their_o other_o persecution_n we_o may_v conclude_v there_o will_v have_v be_v no_o memory_n leave_v of_o their_o religion_n or_o worship_n for_o so_o diligent_a and_o zealous_a be_v saint_n gregory_n and_o other_o moderator_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n in_o abolish_n the_o superstition_n of_o the_o gentile_n that_o they_o cause_v the_o work_n of_o all_o the_o poet_n and_o historian_n to_o be_v burn_v which_o make_v any_o mention_n of_o they_o they_o throw_v down_o their_o image_n and_o idol_n and_o destroy_v all_o that_o may_v afford_v the_o least_o memory_n of_o paganism_n to_o which_o diligence_n of_o they_o if_o a_o new_a language_n have_v be_v add_v in_o a_o short_a time_n all_o will_v have_v be_v utter_o forgotton_v what_o therefore_o be_v do_v by_o the_o christian_n for_o the_o extirpation_n of_o gentilism_n it_o be_v not_o improbable_a but_o the_o gentile_n may_v have_v do_v of_o old_a for_o the_o extirpation_n of_o the_o religion_n before_o and_o because_o in_o five_o or_o six_o thousand_o year_n religion_n may_v be_v twice_o or_o thrice_o change_v no_o wonder_n if_o what_o be_v before_o be_v so_o entire_o lose_v that_o if_o there_o remain_v any_o thing_n of_o it_o it_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o fabulous_a and_o incredible_a as_o it_o happen_v to_o the_o history_n of_o diodorus_n siculus_n which_o give_v a_o account_n of_o 40_o or_o 50000_o year_n and_o be_v not_o unworthy_o account_v false_a as_o to_o the_o celestial_a cause_n from_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o heaven_n they_o be_v such_o as_o destroy_v mankind_n in_o general_n or_o reduce_v it_o to_o a_o very_a small_a number_n as_o great_a mortality_n famine_n and_o inundation_n of_o water_n but_o especial_o the_o last_o because_o the_o mischief_n be_v more_o universal_a and_o if_o any_o be_v save_v it_o be_v only_o the_o mountaineer_n which_o be_v common_o barbarous_a have_v no_o knowledge_n of_o antiquity_n and_o by_o consequence_n can_v convey_v nothing_o of_o it_o to_o their_o posterity_n and_o if_o it_o so_o happen_v that_o among_o they_o which_o be_v preserve_v some_o one_o man_n may_v be_v more_o learned_a than_o ordinary_a and_o have_v some_o knowledge_n of_o affair_n to_o give_v himself_o a_o name_n and_o reputation_n afterward_o he_o conceal_v prevert_v and_o transmits_n they_o as_o he_o please_v so_o that_o there_o remain_v to_o posterity_n no_o more_o than_o he_o think_v fit_a to_o communicate_v nor_o do_v i_o believe_v it_o be_v doubt_v but_o these_o accident_n happen_v and_o famine_n and_o pestilence_n do_v sometime_o rage_v in_o the_o world_n see_v all_o history_n mention_v they_o and_o this_o oblivion_n of_o thing_n be_v a_o certain_a effect_n of_o they_o nor_o be_v it_o unreasonable_a to_o think_v that_o the_o great_a universe_n have_v its_o way_n of_o evacuation_n as_o well_o as_o the_o microcosm_n for_o as_o in_o that_o when_o the_o humour_n be_v redundant_fw-la and_o the_o body_n unable_a to_o digest_v they_o nature_n exert_n and_o find_v out_o some_o way_n to_o throw_v they_o off_o without_o which_o the_o person_n must_v certain_o miscarry_v so_o it_o be_v in_o the_o other_o when_o all_o country_n be_v replete_a and_o no_o room_n leave_v for_o those_o that_o be_v to_o come_v when_o the_o cunning_a and_o malignity_n of_o mankind_n be_v at_o the_o height_n there_o be_v a_o necessity_n the_o world_n shall_v be_v purge_v by_o some_o of_o those_o three_o way_n that_o man_n be_v reduce_v in_o their_o number_n and_o humble_v under_o the_o consideration_n of_o their_o mortality_n may_v if_o possible_a become_v better_o which_o be_v so_o no_o wonder_n if_o the_o tuscan_n former_o so_o famous_a for_o their_o administration_n both_o in_o war_n and_o in_o peace_n so_o eminent_a for_o their_o courage_n and_o so_o venerable_a for_o their_o religion_n shall_v be_v oppress_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o so_o total_o abolish_v that_o as_o be_v say_v before_o there_o remain_v nothing_o of_o they_o but_o the_o name_n chap._n vi_o how_o the_o roman_n proceed_v in_o make_v of_o war._n we_o have_v already_o discourse_v of_o the_o way_n of_o the_o roman_n in_o extend_v their_o empire_n we_o shall_v now_o speak_v of_o their_o custom_n in_o the_o management_n of_o their_o war_n by_o which_o it_o will_v appear_v with_o what_o wisdom_n they_o deviate_v from_o the_o common_a way_n of_o the_o world_n and_o by_o what_o easy_a method_n they_o arrive_v at_o that_o supremacy_n and_o grandeur_n he_o who_o make_v war_n at_o his_o own_o choice_n and_o be_v under_o no_o constraint_n or_o else_o by_o ambition_n have_v doubtless_o this_o end_n to_o get_v what_o he_o be_v able_a and_o to_o keep_v it_o whilst_o he_o can_v and_o rather_o to_o enrich_v than_o impoverish_v his_o own_o country_n for_o such_o a_o one_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o have_v regard_n to_o his_o charge_n and_o to_o see_v that_o neither_o the_o conquer_a nor_o maintain_v be_v more_o expensive_a to_o he_o than_o will_v consist_v with_o his_o revenue_n this_o the_o roman_n observe_v very_o strict_o by_o come_v strong_a and_o sudden_o into_o the_o field_n for_o by_o that_o one_o practice_n all_o their_o war_n with_o the_o latini_n samnite_n and_o tuscan_n be_v
french_a at_o the_o siege_n of_o novarra_n where_o they_o be_v attach_v and_o beat_v by_o the_o swisser_n chap._n xi_o one_o person_n that_o have_v many_o enemy_n upon_o his_o hand_n though_o he_o be_v inferior_a to_o they_o yet_o if_o he_o can_v sustain_v their_o first_o impression_n carry_v common_o the_o victory_n the_o power_n of_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n be_v great_a and_o necessary_a in_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n to_o correct_v the_o ambition_n of_o the_o nobility_n who_o otherwise_o will_v have_v debauch_v the_o say_a city_n much_o soon_o than_o they_o do_v but_o as_o it_o happen_v in_o other_o thing_n so_o it_o happen_v in_o this_o in_o the_o best_a and_o most_o beneficial_a thing_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n there_o be_v a_o occult_a and_o remote_a evil_n that_o lie_v snug_a which_o require_v new_a law_n and_o new_a method_n to_o suppress_v for_o the_o insolence_n of_o the_o tribunitial_a authority_n grow_v so_o great_a that_o it_o become_v terrible_a both_o to_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n and_o have_v doubtless_o produce_v some_o great_a mischief_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n have_v not_o appius_n claudius_n by_o his_o great_a wisdom_n find_v out_o a_o way_n to_o temper_n and_o balance_v their_o fury_n by_o the_o intercession_n of_o their_o colleague_n and_o the_o way_n be_v by_o choose_v out_o some_o person_n among_o the_o tribune_n who_o either_o out_o of_o fear_n or_o corruption_n or_o love_n to_o his_o country_n they_o can_v dispose_v to_o withstand_v the_o design_n of_o his_o brethren_n and_o oppose_v himself_o against_o they_o whenever_o their_o resolution_n be_v tend_v to_o the_o diminution_n of_o the_o nobility_n or_o prejudice_n of_o the_o state_n which_o way_n of_o restrain_v the_o petulancy_n of_o the_o tribune_n be_v for_o a_o long_a time_n of_o great_a advantage_n to_o the_o roman_n and_o may_v give_v we_o occasion_n to_o consider_v whether_o a_o combination_n of_o several_a great_a person_n against_o one_o less_o powerful_a than_o they_o whilst_o unite_v be_v like_a to_o be_v successful_a against_o he_o that_o be_v alone_o or_o whether_o the_o single_a person_n have_v the_o advantage_n against_o the_o confederacy_n i_o answer_v that_o those_o who_o force_n be_v unite_v be_v many_o time_n strong_a but_o their_o performance_n be_v seldom_o so_o great_a as_o the_o single_a person_n though_o he_o be_v nothing_o so_o strong_a for_o commit_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o other_o thing_n in_o which_o the_o single_a person_n have_v the_o advantage_n he_o will_v be_v able_a with_o a_o little_a industry_n to_o break_v and_o divide_v and_o enfeeble_v they_o to_o this_o purpose_n there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o go_v to_o antiquity_n for_o example_n where_o there_o be_v plenty_n enough_o the_o passage_n of_o our_o own_o time_n will_v furnish_v we_o sufficient_o in_o the_o year_n 1484_o all_o italy_n confederate_v against_o the_o venetian_a who_o when_o they_o be_v so_o overpower_v and_o distress_v that_o they_o be_v unable_a to_o keep_v the_o field_n find_v a_o way_n to_o work_v off_o count_n lodavic_n governor_n of_o milan_n from_o their_o league_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o not_o only_o obtain_v a_o peace_n and_o restitution_n of_o what_o they_o have_v lose_v but_o they_o get_v a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o ferrara_n so_o that_o they_o who_o force_n be_v too_o weak_a to_o appear_v before_o the_o enemy_n when_o they_o come_v to_o treat_v be_v the_o great_a gainer_n by_o the_o war._n not_o many_o year_n since_o the_o whole_a christian_a world_n seem_v to_o conspire_v against_o france_n yet_o before_o the_o end_n of_o the_o war_n the_o spaniard_n fall_v off_o from_o the_o league_n make_v his_o peace_n with_o the_o french_a and_o force_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o confederate_n one_o after_o one_o to_o do_v the_o same_o and_o from_o hence_o we_o may_v easy_o collect_v that_o as_o often_o as_o many_o prince_n or_o state_n be_v confederated_a together_o against_o any_o single_a prince_n or_o commonwealth_n if_o the_o single_a prince_n and_o commonwealth_n be_v strong_a enough_o to_o withstand_v their_o first_o impression_n and_o spin_v out_o the_o war_n he_o will_v certain_o prevail_v but_o if_o his_o force_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o do_v that_o he_o be_v in_o extraordinary_a danger_n as_o it_o happen_v to_o the_o venetian_n for_o have_v they_o be_v able_a to_o have_v sustain_v their_o first_o shock_n and_o protract_v the_o war_n till_o they_o have_v debauch_v some_o of_o the_o confederate_n the_o french_a have_v never_o do_v they_o so_o much_o mischief_n and_o they_o have_v preserve_v themselves_o from_o ruin_n but_o their_o army_n be_v too_o weak_a to_o confront_v they_o and_o their_o time_n too_o little_a to_o divide_v they_o they_o be_v undo_v and_o this_o be_v evident_a by_o what_o happen_v afterward_o for_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o pope_n have_v recover_v what_o he_o have_v lose_v he_o reconcile_v himself_o and_o become_v their_o friend_n the_o spaniard_n do_v the_o same_o and_o both_o of_o they_o will_v have_v be_v glad_a to_o have_v continue_v lombardy_n to_o the_o venetian_n rather_o than_o the_o french_a shall_v have_v get_v it_o and_o make_v himself_o so_o considerable_a in_o italy_n the_o venetian_n at_o that_o time_n may_v have_v prevent_v a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o calamity_n have_v they_o give_v some_o small_a part_n of_o their_o territory_n to_o the_o enemy_n and_o thereby_o have_v secure_v the_o rest_n but_o then_o they_o must_v have_v give_v it_o in_o time_n and_o so_o as_o it_o may_v not_o have_v appear_v to_o have_v be_v do_v by_o necessity_n as_o they_o may_v well_o have_v do_v before_o the_o war_n be_v commence_v when_o that_o be_v begin_v it_o will_v have_v be_v dishonourable_a and_o perhaps_o ineffectual_a but_o before_o those_o trouble_n there_o be_v few_o of_o the_o venetian_a citizen_n that_o can_v foresee_v a_o danger_n few_o that_o can_v remedy_v it_o and_o none_o at_o all_o that_o can_v advise_v to_o conclude_v therefore_o this_o chapter_n i_o do_v pronounce_v that_o as_o the_o roman_a remedy_n against_o the_o ambition_n of_o their_o tribune_n be_v the_o multitude_n of_o they_o out_o of_o which_o they_o always_o find_v some_o or_o other_o that_o they_o can_v make_v for_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o public_a so_o it_o be_v a_o ready_a remedy_n for_o any_o prince_n that_o be_v engage_v against_o a_o confederate_a enemy_n when_o he_o can_v break_v their_o league_n and_o work_v any_o of_o the_o confederate_n to_o a_o separation_n chap._n xii_o a_o wise_a general_n be_v to_o put_v a_o necessity_n of_o fight_v upon_o his_o own_o army_n but_o to_o prevent_v it_o to_o his_o enemy_n we_o have_v former_o discourse_v of_o what_o use_n and_o importance_n necessity_n be_v in_o humane_a exploit_n and_o show_v how_o many_o man_n compel_v by_o necessity_n have_v do_v glorious_a thing_n and_o make_v their_o memory_n immortal_a moral_a philosopher_n have_v tell_v we_o that_o the_o tongue_n and_o the_o hand_n be_v noble_a instrument_n of_o themselves_o yet_o they_o have_v never_o bring_v thing_n to_o that_o exactness_n and_o perfection_n have_v not_o necessity_n impel_v they_o the_o general_n therefore_o of_o old_a understand_v well_o the_o virtue_n of_o this_o necessity_n and_o how_o much_o more_o desperate_a and_o obstinate_a their_o soldier_n be_v render_v thereby_o make_v it_o their_o care_n to_o bring_v their_o soldier_n into_o a_o necessity_n of_o fight_v and_o to_o keep_v it_o from_o their_o enemy_n to_o which_o end_n they_o many_o time_n open_v a_o passage_n for_o the_o enemy_n army_n which_o they_o may_v easy_o have_v obstruct_v and_o preclude_v it_o to_o their_o own_o when_o they_o may_v as_o easy_o have_v pass_v whoever_o therefore_o desire_v to_o make_v his_o garrison_n stout_a and_o courageous_a and_o obstinate_a for_o the_o defence_n of_o a_o town_n or_o to_o render_v his_o army_n pertinacious_a in_o the_o field_n be_v above_o all_o thing_n to_o reduce_v they_o into_o such_o a_o necessity_n or_o at_o least_o to_o make_v they_o believe_v it_o so_o that_o a_o wise_a general_n who_o design_n the_o besiege_n of_o a_o town_n judge_n of_o the_o easiness_n or_o difficulty_n of_o the_o expugnation_n from_o the_o necessity_n which_o lie_v upon_o the_o citizen_n to_o defend_v themselves_o if_o the_o necessity_n of_o their_o defence_n be_v great_a his_o enterprise_n be_v the_o more_o difficult_a because_o the_o courage_n and_o obstinacy_n of_o the_o besiege_a be_v like_a to_o be_v the_o great_a but_o where_o there_o be_v no_o such_o necessity_n there_o be_v no_o such_o danger_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o revolt_a town_n be_v much_o hard_a to_o be_v recover_v than_o they_o be_v to_o be_v take_v at_o first_o for_o at_o first_o have_v commit_v no_o fault_n they_o be_v in_o fear_n of_o no_o punishment_n and_o therefore_o surrender_v more_o easy_o but_o in_o the_o other_o case_n
more_o convenient_a place_n i_o shall_v speak_v here_o only_o of_o the_o danger_n to_o which_o such_o citizen_n or_o other_o person_n be_v subject_a who_o advise_v a_o prince_n to_o make_v himself_o head_n of_o any_o important_a design_n and_o do_v it_o with_o that_o eagerness_n and_o impetuosity_n that_o the_o whole_a enterprise_n may_v be_v impute_v to_o he_o the_o first_o thing_n i_o will_v recommend_v to_o their_o observation_n be_v that_o counsel_n be_v common_o judge_v by_o their_o success_n if_o their_o success_n be_v unfortunate_a the_o whole_a scandal_n of_o the_o miscarriage_n fall_v upon_o the_o author_n if_o it_o prosper_v and_o the_o event_n be_v good_a he_o be_v commend_v but_o at_o a_o distance_n and_o his_o reward_n be_v not_o commensurate_a with_o the_o danger_n the_o present_a emperor_n of_o the_o turk_n sultan_n selimus_n as_o it_o be_v report_v by_o some_o that_o come_v late_o out_o of_o that_o country_n have_v make_v great_a preparation_n for_o a_o expedition_n into_o syria_n and_o egypt_n change_v his_o design_n upon_o the_o persuasion_n of_o one_o of_o his_o bassa_n and_o with_o a_o vast_a army_n march_v against_o the_o sophy_n of_o persia._n arrive_v in_o a_o open_a and_o â—rge_a country_n but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n desert_n and_o dry_a and_o no_o river_n to_o supply_v they_o many_o disease_n be_v contract_v in_o his_o army_n insomuch_o as_o with_o hunger_n and_o sickness_n it_o dwindle_v away_o as_o many_o of_o the_o roman_n have_v do_v in_o that_o country_n before_o till_o at_o last_o though_o he_o have_v the_o better_a of_o the_o war_n he_o have_v lose_v most_o of_o his_o man_n upon_o which_o the_o emperor_n be_v high_o enrage_v cause_v the_o bassa_n who_o have_v counsel_v he_o thither_o to_o be_v slay_v we_o read_v likewise_o of_o several_a citizen_n advise_v and_o enterprise_n upon_o the_o miscarriage_n of_o which_o they_o be_v all_o of_o they_o banish_v at_o rome_n certain_a citizen_n propose_v and_o promote_v very_o earnest_o the_o make_v one_o of_o the_o consul_n out_o of_o the_o people_n and_o have_v prevail_v the_o first_o of_o they_o which_o go_v out_o with_o their_o army_n be_v beat_v and_o overthrow_v the_o author_n will_v doubtless_o have_v find_v the_o inconvenience_n of_o their_o counsel_n have_v not_o the_o people_n in_o who_o favour_n it_o be_v give_v appear_v in_o their_o protection_n so_o that_o this_o be_v most_o certain_a all_o counsellor_n of_o this_o kind_n whether_o to_o prince_n or_o commonwealth_n be_v betwixt_o those_o two_o rock_n if_o they_o do_v not_o advise_v what_o in_o their_o judgement_n they_o think_v profitable_a for_o their_o master_n and_o that_o frank_o and_o without_o respect_n they_o fail_v in_o their_o duty_n and_o be_v defective_a that_o way_n again_o if_o they_o do_v counsel_n free_o they_o bring_v their_o life_n and_o fortune_n in_o danger_n because_o such_o be_v the_o natural_a blindness_n of_o mankind_n they_o can_v judge_v of_o the_o goodness_n or_o badness_n of_o any_o thing_n but_o by_o the_o success_n and_o consider_v with_o myself_o what_o way_n be_v most_o likely_a to_o avoid_v this_o infamy_n or_o danger_n i_o can_v find_v no_o better_o than_o to_o take_v all_o thing_n moderate_o to_o assume_v and_o impropriate_a no_o enterprise_n to_o deliver_v your_o opinion_n frank_o but_o without_o passion_n and_o to_o defend_v it_o so_o modest_o that_o if_o it_o be_v follow_v by_o your_o prince_n or_o commonwealth_n it_o may_v appear_v to_o be_v their_o voluntary_a act_n and_o not_o do_v upon_o your_o importunity_n in_o that_o case_n it_o will_v not_o be_v reasonable_a to_o complain_v of_o your_o counsel_n when_o execute_v by_o the_o concurrence_n of_o the_o rest_n for_o if_o there_o be_v any_o danger_n it_o be_v where_o thing_n be_v do_v in_o contradiction_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o counsel_n who_o upon_o any_o miscarriage_n will_v be_v sure_a to_o combine_v against_o you_o and_o procure_v your_o destruction_n and_o though_o perhaps_o in_o this_o case_n there_o may_v want_v something_o of_o that_o glory_n which_o accrue_v to_o a_o single_a person_n who_o carry_v a_o design_n against_o the_o opposition_n of_o the_o rest_n especial_o if_o it_o succeed_v yet_o there_o be_v two_o advantage_n on_o your_o side_n for_o first_o you_o will_v not_o run_v so_o great_a a_o hazard_n in_o the_o miscarriage_n and_o then_o if_o you_o advise_v a_o thing_n modest_o which_o by_o the_o obstinacy_n and_o contradiction_n of_o the_o rest_n be_v carry_v against_o you_o the_o miscarriage_n of_o their_o counsel_n will_v make_v much_o more_o to_o your_o reputation_n and_o although_o a_o good_a citizen_n be_v not_o to_o desire_v to_o raise_v his_o credit_n upon_o the_o misfortune_n of_o his_o country_n nor_o indeed_o to_o rejoice_v in_o what_o happen_v of_o itself_o yet_o when_o a_o thing_n be_v do_v it_o be_v more_o satisfaction_n to_o have_v your_o counsel_n applaud_v than_o to_o be_v in_o danger_n of_o be_v punish_v wherefore_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n in_o these_o doubtful_a and_o difficult_a case_n there_o can_v be_v no_o better_a way_n for_o the_o counsel_n either_o of_o a_o prince_n or_o state_n than_o to_o deliver_v themselves_o modest_o and_o free_o for_o to_o be_v sullen_a and_o say_v nothing_o will_v not_o only_o betray_v your_o country_n but_o expose_v yourself_o because_o in_o time_n you_o will_v become_v suspect_v and_o perhaps_o it_o may_v befall_v they_o as_o it_o do_v to_o one_o of_o the_o counsel_n of_o perseus_n king_n of_o macedon_n who_o be_v defeat_v by_o emilius_n paulius_fw-la and_o escape_v with_o some_o few_o of_o his_o friend_n one_o of_o they_o in_o discourse_n of_o his_o master_n misfortune_n begin_v to_o find_v fault_n and_o blame_v several_a passage_n in_o his_o conduct_n which_o as_o he_o pretend_v may_v have_v be_v manage_v much_o better_o at_o which_o the_o king_n be_v enrage_v turn_v to_o he_o tell_v he_o and_o do_v you_o like_o a_o traitor_n as_o you_o be_v tell_v i_o of_o it_o now_o when_o it_o be_v past_a remedy_n and_o kill_v he_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n so_o that_o he_o pay_v dear_a for_o be_v silent_a when_o it_o be_v his_o duty_n to_o have_v speak_v and_o for_o speak_v when_o it_o be_v discretion_n to_o have_v be_v silent_a nor_o do_v his_o forbear_n to_o give_v his_o advice_n secure_v he_o from_o danger_n so_o that_o i_o be_o confirm_v in_o my_o opinion_n that_o the_o best_a way_n be_v to_o observe_v the_o direction_n above_o say_v chap._n xxxiv_o the_o reason_n why_o at_o the_o first_o charge_n the_o french_a have_v be_v and_o still_o be_v account_v more_o than_o man_n but_o afterward_o less_o than_o woman_n the_o arrogance_n of_o that_o french_a man_n who_o challenge_v the_o stout_a of_o the_o roman_n to_o fight_v with_o he_o upon_o the_o bridge_n of_o the_o arrien_n and_o be_v afterward_o kill_v by_o t._n manlius_n torquatus_n put_v i_o in_o mind_n of_o what_o livy_n say_v in_o many_o place_n of_o the_o french_a that_o in_o their_o first_o attack_v they_o be_v more_o fierce_a and_o dare_a than_o man_n but_o afterward_o more_o fearful_a and_o pusillanimous_a than_o woman_n and_o many_o people_n inquire_v into_o the_o cause_n do_v attribute_n it_o to_o the_o peculiarity_n of_o their_o temperature_n and_o nature_n i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o there_o be_v much_o of_o that_o in_o it_o yet_o i_o can_v think_v but_o that_o nature_n which_o make_v they_o so_o furious_a at_o first_o may_v be_v so_o invigorate_v and_o improve_v by_o art_n as_o to_o continue_v their_o courage_n to_o the_o last_o to_o prove_v my_o opinion_n i_o do_v affirm_v there_o be_v three_o sort_n of_o army_n in_o the_o first_o there_o be_v courage_n and_o fury_n join_v with_o order_n and_o discipline_n and_o indeed_o their_o courage_n and_o fury_n proceed_v from_o their_o discipline_n and_o of_o this_o sort_n be_v the_o army_n of_o the_o roman_n for_o all_o history_n do_v agree_v that_o there_o be_v always_o good_a order_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o long_a discipline_n and_o experience_n nothing_o be_v do_v in_o their_o army_n but_o with_o great_a regularity_n and_o express_v order_n from_o their_o general_n they_o neither_o eat_v nor_o sleep_v nor_o buy_v nor_o sell_v nor_o do_v any_o other_o action_n either_o military_a or_o civil_a but_o by_o permission_n of_o the_o consul_n and_o therefore_o these_o roman_a army_n who_o by_o their_o discipline_n and_o courage_n subdue_v the_o whole_a world_n be_v the_o best_a example_n we_o can_v follow_v they_o who_o do_v otherwise_o do_v ill_a and_o though_o perhaps_o they_o may_v do_v something_o extraordinary_a sometime_o yet_o it_o be_v more_o by_o accident_n than_o judgement_n but_o where_o well_o order_v courage_n meet_v with_o good_a discipline_n and_o be_v accommodate_v to_o the_o circumstance_n of_o manner_n and_o time_n nothing_o dismay_v they_o nothing_o withstand_v they_o for_o
of_o they_o do_v their_o office_n according_a to_o the_o intent_n of_o their_o establishment_n first_o your_o capidieci_fw-la or_o file-leader_n if_o they_o answer_v the_o end_n for_o which_o they_o be_v establish_v be_v to_o have_v their_o man_n apart_o lodge_v with_o they_o charge_v with_o they_o and_o be_v always_o in_o the_o same_o file_n with_o they_o for_o be_v keep_v to_o their_o due_a place_n the_o file-leader_n be_v a_o rule_n and_o temper_n to_o the_o rest_n keep_v they_o firm_a and_o straight_o in_o their_o file_n so_o as_o it_o be_v impossible_a almost_o that_o they_o be_v disorder_v and_o if_o they_o be_v they_o be_v quick_o reduce_v but_o in_o our_o day_n we_o make_v no_o otherwise_o of_o they_o but_o to_o give_v they_o great_a pay_n and_o enable_v they_o to_o make_v particular_a faction_n it_o be_v the_o same_o with_o our_o ensign_n for_o they_o be_v use_v more_o for_o pomp_n and_o parade_n than_o any_o military_a service_n whereas_o former_o the_o captain_n employ_v they_o as_o guide_v and_o direction_n in_o case_n of_o disorder_n for_o every_o man_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o ensign_n be_v fix_v know_v his_o place_n immediate_o and_o immediate_o return_v to_o it_o they_o know_v likewise_o thereby_o how_o they_o be_v to_o move_v or_o to_o halt_v it_o be_v necessary_a therefore_o in_o a_o army_n that_o there_o be_v several_a of_o these_o small_a body_n that_o every_o body_n have_v its_o colour_n and_o ensign_n and_o guide_n for_o where_o there_o be_v many_o body_n there_o ought_v to_o be_v many_o arm_n and_o many_o officer_n the_o soldier_n then_o be_v to_o follow_v the_o motion_n of_o their_o colour_n and_o their_o colour_n the_o direction_n of_o their_o drum_n which_o be_v well_o order_v command_v the_o army_n and_o advertize_n how_o they_o be_v to_o march_v with_o a_o motion_n suitable_a to_o the_o time_n which_o it_o beat_v which_o be_v a_o great_a preservation_n to_o their_o order_n for_o this_o cause_n the_o ancient_n have_v their_o flute_n and_o pipe_n which_o make_v a_o excellent_a harmony_n and_o as_o he_o that_o dance_v keep_v himself_o exact_o to_o the_o time_n of_o the_o music_n and_o whilst_o he_o do_v so_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o err_v so_o a_o army_n that_o in_o its_o motion_n observe_v the_o beat_n and_o direction_n of_o its_o drum_n can_v be_v easy_o disorder_v for_o this_o reason_n they_o vary_v their_o sound_n when_o they_o will_v excite_v or_o assuage_v or_o continue_v the_o courage_n of_o their_o man_n and_o as_o their_o way_n of_o beat_v be_v various_a so_o they_o give_v they_o several_a name_n the_o doric_a way_n provoke_v to_o constancy_n and_o firmness_n the_o phrygian_a inflame_v the_o soldier_n into_o a_o martial_a fury_n and_o violence_n it_o be_v report_v that_o alexander_n be_v one_o day_n at_o dinner_n and_o hear_v a_o drum_n beat_v sudden_o the_o phrygian_a way_n be_v transport_v with_o so_o great_a a_o vehemence_n and_o commotion_n that_o he_o clap_v his_o hand_n upon_o his_o sword_n and_o draw_v it_o as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v go_v to_o fight_v so_o that_o in_o my_o judgement_n it_o will_v be_v very_o convenient_a to_o revive_v the_o ancient_a dialect_n of_o the_o drum_n and_o practice_n of_o our_o ancestor_n and_o if_o that_o shall_v prove_v too_o difficult_a yet_o those_o person_n shall_v not_o be_v despise_v and_o lay_v aside_o who_o will_v teach_v and_o instruct_v the_o soldier_n how_o to_o obey_v they_o yet_o those_o way_n may_v be_v change_v and_o vary_v as_o every_o man_n please_v provide_v he_o ensure_v his_o soldier_n ear_n to_o understand_v the_o variety_n but_o now_o a-days_o the_o great_a use_n of_o the_o drum_n be_v to_o make_v a_o great_a noise_n cosimo_n i_o will_v fain_o know_v of_o you_o if_o you_o have_v ever_o consider_v it_o with_o yourself_o how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o such_o military_a exercise_n be_v in_o our_o time_n grow_v so_o low_a and_o contemptible_a fabr._n i_o shall_v tell_v you_o free_o what_o i_o think_v may_v be_v the_o cause_n chap._n xiii_o a_o discourse_n of_o the_o author_n about_o military_a virtue_n and_o how_o it_o be_v become_v so_o despicable_a in_o our_o day_n fabr._n you_o know_v europe_n according_a to_o the_o testimony_n of_o several_a author_n have_v afford_v many_o excellent_a captain_n africa_n have_v have_v some_o and_o asia_n few_o and_o the_o reason_n as_o i_o conceive_v be_v because_o those_o two_o quarter_n of_o the_o world_n have_v have_v but_o one_o or_o two_o monarchy_n among_o they_o and_o very_o few_o commonwealth_n but_o europe_n have_v have_v several_a kingdom_n and_o more_o commonwealth_n and_o man_n be_v industrious_a and_o by_o consequence_n excellent_a as_o they_o be_v employ_v and_o prefer_v by_o their_o prince_n or_o their_o state_n where_o therefore_o there_o be_v many_o prince_n there_o be_v many_o brave_a man_n where_o there_o be_v but_o few_o of_o the_o first_o there_o be_v few_o of_o the_o other_o we_o find_v in_o asia_n there_o be_v ninus_n cyrus_n artaxerxes_n mithridates_n and_o some_o few_o other_o of_o that_o rank_n in_o africa_n beside_o the_o egyptian_a antiquity_n there_o be_v massinissa_n jugurtha_n and_o those_o great_a captain_n which_o be_v train_v up_o in_o the_o carthaginian_a war_n which_o notwithstanding_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o number_n which_o have_v be_v produce_v in_o europe_n be_v very_o few_o for_o in_o europe_n their_o brave_a general_n be_v innumerable_a in_o history_n or_o at_o least_o they_o will_v have_v be_v have_v the_o historian_n with_o those_o they_o have_v already_o record_v make_v mention_n of_o such_o as_o be_v now_o forget_v by_o the_o malignity_n of_o time_n for_o there_o people_n be_v more_o virtuous_a where_o there_o have_v be_v frequent_a revolution_n of_o state_n and_o where_o the_o government_n have_v favour_v virtue_n either_o out_o of_o necessity_n or_o compassion_n as_o for_o asia_n it_o have_v not_o produce_v many_o extraordinary_a man_n because_o that_o province_n be_v whole_o under_o a_o monarchy_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o greatness_n the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o be_v always_o at_o peace_n can_v not_o produce_v such_o excellent_a man_n as_o where_o there_o be_v action_n and_o war_n in_o africa_n it_o be_v the_o same_o yet_o there_o they_o be_v more_o numerous_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a republic_n for_o commonwealth_n do_v furnish_v the_o world_n with_o more_o brave_a man_n than_o kingdom_n because_o in_o state_n virtue_n be_v many_o time_n honour_v and_o advance_v in_o monarchy_n and_o kingdom_n it_o be_v suspect_v from_o whence_o it_o proceed_v that_o in_o the_o one_o it_o be_v encourage_v in_o the_o other_o explode_v he_o then_o who_o shall_v consider_v europe_n shall_v find_v it_o full_a of_o commonwealth_n and_o principality_n which_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o jealousy_n and_o animosity_n betwixt_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o keep_v up_o the_o old_a military_a discipline_n and_o advance_v those_o who_o in_o it_o be_v any_o way_n eminent_a for_o in_o greece_n beside_o the_o macedonian_n there_o be_v manay_v republic_n and_o in_o each_o of_o they_o several_a excellent_a man_n the_o roman_n the_o samnite_n the_o tuscan_n cisalpine_a gaul_n france_n and_o germany_n be_v full_a of_o republic_n and_o principality_n and_o spain_n be_v the_o same_o and_o though_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o roman_n the_o number_n which_o be_v mention_v of_o they_o in_o history_n be_v but_o small_a that_o proceed_v from_o the_o emulation_n and_o partiality_n of_o the_o historian_n who_o follow_v fortune_n content_v themselves_o with_o commend_v the_o conqueror_n but_o '_o its_o unreasonable_a to_o imagine_v that_o among_o the_o samnite_n and_o tuscan_n who_o wage_v war_n with_o the_o roman_n 150_o year_n together_o before_o they_o be_v total_o subdue_v there_o be_v not_o many_o brave_a man_n and_o so_o in_o france_n and_o in_o spain_n but_o the_o virtue_n which_o author_n do_v not_o celebrate_v in_o particular_a man_n they_o impute_v general_o to_o the_o whole_a people_n who_o they_o exalt_v to_o the_o sky_n for_o their_o constancy_n and_o adherence_n to_o their_o liberty_n it_o be_v true_a then_o that_o where_o there_o be_v most_o principality_n and_o government_n there_o be_v more_o excellent_a man_n it_o follow_v that_o when_o those_o government_n and_o principality_n extinguish_v their_o brave_a man_n and_o virtue_n extinguish_v with_o they_o there_o be_v loss_n occasion_n to_o exert_v it_o after_o the_o roman_a empire_n have_v dilate_v in_o self_n so_o strange_o and_o subvert_v all_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o principality_n in_o europe_n and_o africa_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o those_o in_o asia_n virtue_n decline_v in_o all_o place_n but_o in_o rome_n whereupon_o virtuous_a man_n begin_v to_o grow_v thin_a in_o europe_n and_o asia_n and_o by_o degree_n come_v afterward_o to_o a_o total_a declination_n for_o the_o virtue_n of_o
thing_n wide_a they_o disorder_n themselves_o and_o if_o they_o run_v on_o in_o a_o huddle_n it_o will_v be_v no_o hard_a matter_n for_o the_o enemy_n to_o break_v they_o and_o therefore_o i_o order_v my_o battle_n so_o that_o it_o may_v do_v both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o for_o have_v place_v 1000_o of_o the_o velite_n in_o the_o wing_n i_o command_v that_o as_o soon_o as_o our_o artillery_n have_v fire_v they_o shall_v advance_v with_o the_o light_a horse_n to_o seize_v upon_o their_o cannon_n for_o which_o reason_n our_o artillery_n be_v shoot_v off_o but_o once_o and_o that_o the_o enemy_n may_v not_o have_v time_n to_o charge_v the_o second_o time_n and_o fire_n upon_o we_o again_o for_o we_o can_v not_o take_v so_o much_o time_n ourselves_o but_o they_o will_v have_v have_v as_o much_o to_o do_v the_o same_o wherefore_o the_o reason_n why_o i_o fire_v not_o my_o cannon_n the_o second_o time_n be_v that_o if_o the_o enemy_n fire_v once_o they_o may_v not_o have_v leisure_n to_o fire_v any_o more_o to_o render_v therefore_o the_o enemy_n artillery_n unserviceable_a the_o best_a remedy_n be_v to_o attack_v it_o with_o all_o possible_a speed_n for_o if_o the_o enemy_n desert_n it_o it_o be_v your_o own_o if_o he_o undertake_v to_o defend_v it_o he_o must_v advance_v before_o it_o and_o then_o be_v betwixt_o it_o and_o we_o they_o can_v fire_v but_o upon_o their_o own_o man_n i_o shall_v think_v these_o reason_n sufficient_a without_o far_a example_n yet_o have_v plenty_n of_o they_o from_o the_o ancient_n i_o will_v afford_v you_o some_o of_o they_o ventidius_n be_v to_o fight_v the_o parthian_n who_o strength_n consist_v principal_o in_o their_o bow_n and_o arrow_n be_v so_o subtle_a as_o to_o let_v they_o come_v up_o close_o to_o his_o camp_n before_o he_o will_v draw_v out_o his_o army_n which_o he_o do_v that_o he_o may_v charge_v they_o on_o a_o sudden_a before_o they_o have_v leisure_n to_o shoot_v their_o arrow_n caesar_n tell_v we_o that_o when_o he_o be_v in_o france_n be_v to_o engage_v with_o the_o enemy_n he_o be_v charge_v so_o brisk_o and_o so_o sudden_o by_o they_o that_o his_o man_n have_v not_o time_n to_o deliver_v their_o dart_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o roman_n you_o see_v therefore_o that_o to_o frustrate_v a_o thing_n in_o the_o field_n which_o be_v to_o be_v discharge_v at_o a_o distance_n and_o to_o prevent_v its_o do_v you_o any_o hurt_n there_o be_v no_o better_a way_n than_o to_o march_v up_o to_o it_o with_o all_o speed_n and_o possess_v it_o if_o you_o can_v another_o reason_n move_v i_o likewise_o to_o fire_v my_o artillery_n no_o more_o which_o may_v seem_v trivial_a to_o you_o yet_o to_o i_o it_o be_v not_o so_o contemptible_a there_o be_v nothing_o obstruct_v a_o army_n and_o put_v it_o into_o great_a confusion_n than_o to_o take_v away_o or_o hinder_v their_o sight_n for_o several_a great_a army_n have_v be_v break_v and_o defeat_v by_o have_v their_o sight_n obstruct_v either_o with_o the_o dust_n or_o the_o sun_n now_o there_o be_v nothing_o that_o cause_v great_a obscurity_n or_o be_v a_o great_a impediment_n to_o the_o sight_n than_o the_o smoke_n of_o artillery_n and_o therefore_o i_o think_v it_o more_o wisdom_n to_o let_v the_o enemy_n be_v blind_a by_o himself_o than_o for_o you_o to_o be_v blind_a too_o and_o endeavour_v to_o find_v he_o these_o thing_n consider_v i_o will_v either_o not_o fire_v my_o artillery_n at_o all_o or_o else_o because_o that_o perhaps_o will_v not_o be_v approve_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o reputation_n which_o those_o great_a gun_n have_v obtain_v in_o the_o world_n i_o will_v place_v they_o in_o the_o wing_n of_o my_o army_n that_o when_o they_o fire_n the_o smoke_n may_v not_o fly_v in_o the_o face_n of_o my_o front_n which_o be_v the_o flower_n and_o hope_n of_o my_o army_n and_o to_o prove_v that_o to_o trouble_v the_o sight_n of_o a_o enemy_n be_v a_o thing_n of_o more_o than_o ordinary_a advantage_n i_o need_v bring_v no_o more_o than_o the_o example_n of_o epaminondas_n who_o to_o blind_v the_o eye_n of_o his_o enemy_n before_o he_o advance_v to_o charge_v they_o cause_v his_o light_a horse_n to_o gallop_v up_o and_o down_o before_o their_o front_n to_o raise_v the_o dust_n and_o hinder_v their_o sight_n which_o be_v do_v so_o effectual_o that_o he_o get_v the_o victory_n thereby_o as_o to_o your_o opinion_n that_o i_o place_v the_o enemy_n cannon_n and_o direct_v their_o bullet_n as_o i_o please_v cause_v they_o to_o pass_v over_o the_o head_n of_o my_o foot_n i_o answer_v that_o great_a gun_n do_v without_o comparison_n often_o miss_v the_o infantry_n than_o hit_v they_o because_o the_o foot_n be_v so_o low_a and_o the_o artillery_n so_o hard_o to_o be_v point_v that_o if_o they_o be_v place_v never_o so_o little_a too_o high_a they_o shoot_v over_o and_o never_o so_o little_a too_o low_a they_o graze_v and_o never_o come_v near_o they_o the_o inequality_n of_o the_o ground_n do_v likewise_o preserve_v the_o foot_n very_o much_o for_o every_o little_a hill_n or_o bank_n betwixt_o the_o artillery_n and_o they_o shelter_n they_o exceed_o as_o to_o the_o horse_n especial_o the_o man_n at_o arm_n because_o their_o order_n be_v close_a than_o the_o order_n of_o the_o light_a horse_n and_o they_o be_v to_o keep_v firm_a in_o a_o body_n they_o be_v more_o obnoxious_a to_o the_o cannon_n and_o be_v therefore_o to_o be_v keep_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o army_n till_o the_o enemy_n have_v fire_v 〈…〉_z this_o be_v most_o certain_a your_o small_a field-piece_n and_o your_o small_a shot_n do_v more_o execution_n than_o your_o great_a piece_n against_o which_o the_o best_a remedy_n be_v to_o come_v to_o 〈◊〉_d blow_n as_o soon_o as_o you_o can_v and_o though_o in_o the_o first_o some_o man_n fall_v as_o be_v sure_a there_o always_o will_v yet_o a_o good_a general_n and_o a_o good_a army_n be_v not_o to_o consider_v a_o particular_a loss_n so_o much_o as_o a_o general_n but_o rather_o be_v to_o imitate_v the_o swisser_n who_o never_o refuse_v a_o battle_n for_o fear_n of_o great_a gun_n but_o punish_v they_o with_o capital_a punishment_n who_o for_o fear_n of_o they_o forsake_v their_o rank_n or_o give_v any_o other_o sign_n or_o expression_n of_o fear_n i_o cause_v my_o artillery_n to_o be_v draw_v off_o as_o soon_o as_o i_o have_v fire_v they_o that_o they_o may_v leave_v the_o field_n clear_a for_o my_o battalion_n to_o advance_v and_o i_o make_v no_o mention_n of_o they_o afterward_o as_o be_v quite_o useless_a when_o the_o army_n be_v join_v you_o have_v say_v likewise_o that_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o violence_n and_o impetuosity_n of_o those_o gun_n many_o do_v judge_v the_o arm_n and_o the_o order_n of_o the_o ancient_n to_o be_v altogether_o useless_a and_o it_o seem_v by_o that_o that_o the_o people_n of_o late_o have_v find_v out_o arm_n and_o order_n which_o be_v sufficient_a to_o secure_v they_o if_o you_o know_v any_o such_o thing_n you_o will_v oblige_v i_o to_o impart_v it_o for_o as_o yet_o i_o know_v none_o nor_o can_v i_o believe_v that_o there_o be_v any_o to_o be_v find_v so_o that_o i_o will_v know_v of_o they_o why_o the_o infantry_n of_o our_o time_n do_v carry_v corslet_n of_o iron_n upon_o their_o breast_n and_o the_o horse_n be_v arm_v cap_n a_o pied_a for_o see_v they_o condemn_v the_o ancient_a way_n of_o arm_v as_o useless_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o artillery_n they_o may_v as_o well_o condemn_v what_o be_v practise_v nowadays_o i_o will_v understand_v likewise_o why_o the_o swisser_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o ancient_n make_v their_o battalion_n to_o consist_v of_o six_o or_o eight_o thousand_o foot_n and_o why_o other_o nation_n have_v imitate_v they_o see_v that_o order_n be_v expose_v to_o the_o same_o danger_n upon_o account_n of_o the_o artillery_n as_o other_o be_v i_o think_v it_o can_v easy_o be_v answer_v yet_o if_o you_o shall_v propose_v it_o to_o soldier_n of_o any_o judgement_n and_o experience_n they_o will_v tell_v you_o first_o that_o they_o go_v so_o arm_v because_o though_o their_o arm_n will_v not_o defend_v they_o against_o great_a gun_n yet_o they_o will_v secure_v they_o against_o small_a shot_n and_o pike_n and_o sword_n and_o stone_n and_o all_o such_o thing_n they_o will_v tell_v you_o likewise_o that_o they_o keep_v that_o close_a order_n like_o the_o swiss_n that_o they_o may_v more_o easy_o engage_v the_o enemy_n foot_n that_o they_o may_v better_o sustain_v their_o horse_n and_o put_v fair_a to_o break_v they_o so_o that_o we_o see_v soldier_n be_v afraid_a of_o many_o thing_n beside_o artillery_n against_o which_o they_o be_v to_o provide_v by_o their_o arm_n
the_o whole_a world_n be_v as_o it_o be_v enclose_v in_o the_o wall_n of_o rome_n when_o it_o grow_v deprave_v and_o corrupt_v there_o the_o whole_a world_n become_v corrupt_v and_o the_o scythian_n be_v encourage_v to_o make_v their_o inroad_n and_o depredation_n upon_o the_o empire_n which_o have_v be_v able_a to_o consume_v and_o extinguish_v the_o virtue_n of_o all_o other_o place_n but_o be_v not_o able_a to_o preserve_v it_o at_o home_n and_o though_o afterward_o by_o the_o inundation_n of_o those_o barbarian_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o several_a canton_n yet_o for_o two_o reason_n their_o virtue_n be_v never_o restore_v one_o be_v because_o when_o law_n and_o order_n be_v once_o neglect_v and_o disuse_v it_o be_v with_o no_o little_a pain_n that_o they_o be_v reassume_v the_o other_o our_o way_n of_o live_v in_o these_o time_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n impose_v not_o that_o necessity_n of_o defend_v ourselves_o as_o ancient_o it_o do_v for_o then_o those_o who_o be_v overcome_v in_o war_n either_o kill_v themselves_o or_o remain_v in_o perpetual_a slavery_n in_o which_o they_o live_v afterward_o in_o continual_a misery_n the_o town_n that_o be_v take_v be_v either_o total_o demolish_v or_o the_o inhabitant_n banish_v their_o good_n plunder_v their_o estate_n sequester_v and_o themselves_o disperse_v all_o over_o the_o world_n so_o that_o he_o who_o be_v overcome_v suffer_v such_o misery_n as_o be_v not_o to_o be_v express_v people_n be_v terrify_v by_o these_o insupportable_a cruelty_n keep_v up_o the_o reputation_n of_o military_a discipline_n and_o advance_v all_o those_o who_o be_v excellent_a therein_o but_o at_o present_a we_o be_v under_o no_o such_o apprehension_n no_o man_n kill_v himself_o for_o be_v conquer_v no_o man_n be_v keep_v long_o a_o prisoner_n because_o it_o be_v more_o easy_a to_o set_v he_o at_o liberty_n if_o a_o city_n rebel_v twenty_o time_n it_o be_v not_o immediate_o raze_v and_o demolish_v the_o citizen_n be_v continue_v in_o their_o estate_n and_o the_o great_a punishment_n they_o fear_v be_v a_o mulct_n or_o a_o tax_n so_o that_o man_n will_v not_o now_o submit_v to_o military_a order_n nor_o apply_v themselves_o to_o those_o labour_n to_o avoid_v a_o peril_n which_o they_o do_v not_o apprehend_v beside_o the_o province_n of_o europe_n be_v under_o few_o head_n in_o comparison_n of_o what_o they_o be_v ancient_o for_o all_o france_n be_v under_o one_o king_n all_o spain_n under_o another_o italy_n be_v divide_v into_o four_o party_n so_o that_o the_o weak_a city_n that_o be_v unable_a to_o maintain_v war_n of_o themselves_o defend_v themselves_o by_o alliance_n with_o the_o conqueror_n and_o those_o who_o be_v strong_a for_o the_o reason_n abovesaid_a be_v in_o no_o fear_n of_o ruin_n cos._n and_o yet_o within_o these_o five_o and_o twenty_o year_n several_a city_n have_v be_v sack_v and_o several_a kingdom_n subvert_v which_o example_n shall_v teach_v other_o to_o reassume_v and_o live_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o our_o ancestor_n fabr._n it_o be_v true_a as_o you_o say_v yet_o if_o you_o observe_v what_o those_o town_n be_v which_o have_v suffer_v in_o that_o nature_n you_o will_v find_v that_o they_o be_v no_o capital_a city_n but_o subordinate_a and_o depend_v so_o we_o see_v though_o tortona_n be_v demolish_v milan_n be_v not_o though_o capua_n be_v destroy_v naples_n be_v not_o brescia_n be_v sack_v but_o venice_n be_v not_o ravenna_n be_v pillage_v but_o rome_n be_v not_o these_o example_n do_v not_o make_v he_o who_o govern_v recede_v from_o his_o design_n but_o make_v he_o rather_o more_o refractory_a and_o obstinate_a and_o pursue_v they_o with_o more_o vehemence_n to_o recompense_v himself_o with_o tax_n and_o new_a imposition_n this_o it_o be_v that_o make_v man_n unwilling_a to_o expose_v themselves_o to_o the_o trouble_n of_o military_a exercise_n â—â—oking_v upon_o it_o partly_o as_o unnecessary_a and_o partly_o as_o a_o thing_n which_o they_o do_v â—ot_n understand_v those_o who_o be_v subject_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v affright_v with_o such_o example_n of_o servituâ—e_n â—â—ve_v not_o power_n to_o help_v themselves_o and_o those_o who_o be_v prince_n have_v lose_v their_o dominion_n be_v unable_a as_o have_v neither_o time_n nor_o convenience_n whilst_o those_o who_o be_v able_a either_o can_v or_o will_v not_o choose_v rather_o to_o run_v along_o with_o fortune_n without_o any_o disquiet_n than_o to_o trouble_v themselves_o to_o be_v virtuous_a for_o believe_v that_o all_o thing_n be_v govern_v by_o fortune_n they_o have_v rather_o follow_v her_o swing_n than_o contend_v with_o she_o for_o mastery_n and_o that_o you_o may_v believe_v what_o i_o have_v say_v to_o be_v real_o true_a consider_v the_o country_n of_o germany_n where_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o several_a principality_n and_o state_n their_o discipline_n be_v good_a and_o depend_v upon_o the_o example_n of_o those_o people_n who_o be_v jealous_a of_o their_o 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