we read that thou the same day thou sat'st in the Golden Seat clothed with Purple that thou might'st not seem to have despised the honours which the Senate had with so much diligence designed and with so much duty offered before thou would'st publickly shew thy wish'd-for presence to the people didst spend some time in that religious worship which was shortly to be given to thee and offering a fat Ox which wanted a heart the Southsayer told thee the Omen concern'd thy life and care of thy own preservation Then was that Murther committed by those persons who while they soughâ— to ravish thee from the number of Men translated thee to the number of the Gods FORRAIGN Let us conclude the Domestick Relation of such Prodigies with this Example lest by dilating farther upon those of the Romans I should seem to transfer disagreeing Customs from the Temâ—les of the Gods to private Habitations I shall therefore touch upon Forraign Presidents which being related in Latine as they are of less authority yet they bring with them something of a grateful variety 1. In the Army of Xerxes which he had amassed up against Greece a Mare is said to have brought forth a Hare bâ—fore the Army had yet pass'd the Mountain Athos by which kind of montrous birth the event of such vast preparations was plainly shewed For he that had covered the Sea with his Fleets the Land with his Armies was forc'd like the most â—imorous Animal with shameful flight to recover his own Kingdom Before he had ruin'd Athens while he was advising how to invade Lacedaemon a most wonderful Prodigy hapned while he was at supper For the Wine being poured forth into the Cup more than once twice or thrice nay a fourth time was changed into Blood Whereupon the Magi being consulted advised him to desist from his purpose And had he had the least footstep of Reason in his vain breast he might have prevented his ruine being so often warn'd to take heed of Leouidas and the Spartans 2. While Midas to whose Scepter all Phrygia once was subject was a child a company of Ants laid a heap of Wheat in his mouth as he lay asleep His Parents desiring to know what the meaning of the Prodigy should be the Augurs answered That he should be the richest of all men Nor was the Prediction vain for Midas exceeded all the Princes of his time in plenty of Gold and Silver 3. I should have by right and deservedly preferr'd Plato's Bees before Midas's Emmets for they were onely Prognostications of frail and fading these of solid and eternal Felicity while they brought Honey and laid it upon the lips of the little Infant sleeping in his Cradle Which thing being reported the Interpreters of Prodigies declared That a most singular grace of Vltâ—rance should hereafter drop from his mouth But to me those Bees not bred upon Hymettus cover'd with fragrant flowers of Thyme but on the verdant Hiliconian Hills of the Muses flourishing with all sorts of learning seem'd to distil into his mouth the sweetest nourishment of Eloquence CHAP. VII of Dreams Of the ROMANS 1. Artorious Physician to Augustus 2. Calpurnia 3. P. Decii T. Manlii Consul 4. Of T. Atinius 5. Cicero in Exile 6. C. Sempronius Gracchus 7. Cassius Parmensis 8. Arterius Rufus a Roman Knight FORRAIGN 1. Annibal 2. Alexander 3. Simonides 4. Croesus 5. Cyrus 6. Himera 7. The Mother of Dion Tyrant 8. Amilcar 9. Alcibiades 10. An Arcadian NOw because I have touched upon the Riches of Midas and the Eloquence of Plato I will shew you how the quiet and safety of many men has been shadowed out under several representations 1. And where shall I sooner begin than from the most sacred memory of Divine Augustus His Physician Artorius being asleep the night before the day wherein the Romans fought one against the other in the fields of Philippi the appearance of Minerva admonish'd him to warn Augustus then lying very ill that notwithstanding his sickness he should not abstain from the Battel Which Caesar hearing caus'd himself to be carried in a Litter into the Field where while he laboured above his strength for the Victory his Camp was taken by Brutus What other 〈◊〉 we think then but the Divine Benevolence so ordain'd it that a personage destined to immortality should not be subject to a Fate unworthy his Divinity 2. Nor was it onely the Dream of Artorius that gave warning to Augustus who had a natural perspicacity and vigour to judge of every thing as a fresh and domestick President For he had heard that Calpurnia the Wife of his Parent Iulius the last night that he lived upon earth dream'd that she saw her Husband lie stabbed and bleeding in her bosom and being affrighted with the strangeness of the Dream was an earnest suiter to him to abstain from going to the Senate the next day but he lest he should have been thought to have been mov'd with a womans dream went the rather to the Senate-house where the Murtherers quickly laid violent hands upon him It is not needful to make any comparison between the Father and the Son both equal in their Divinity for the one had made way for himself to Heaven by his own works the other was to let the world enjoy his Vertues a long time Therefore the Gods were onely willing that the first should know the approaching change which the other was to defer it being enough that one Honour should be given to Heaven and another promised 3. Admirable also was that Dream and famous in the Event which the two Consuls Decius Mus and Monlius Torquatus dream'd when they lay incamped not far from the foot of the Mountain Vesuvius at the time of the Latin War which was very sharp and dangerous For a certain person foretold to both of them that the Manes and Terra Mater claim'd as their due the General of one side and the whole Army on the other But that which Captain soever should assail the forces of the Enemy and devote himself a Victim for the good of his Army should obtain the Victory This the Entrails of the Sacrifices confirmed the next moâ—ning to both Consuls who endeavoured either to expiate the misfortune if it might be averted or else resolv'd to undergo the determination of the Gods Therefore they agreed that which Wing should begin to faint the other should with his own life appease the Fates which while both undauntedly ventâ—red to perform Decius hapned to be the person whom the Gods required 4. The Dream which follows seems to concern publick Religion A certain Master of a Family having caused his Servant to be whipped and brought him to the punishment of the Fork in the Flaminian Circus at the time of the Plebeian Plays a little before the Show was about to begin Iupiter in a Dream commanded Titus Atinius one of the Vulgar to tell the Consuls That he that had done'd before the last Circensian Games did no way please
wise men were loath it should be thought that his Condemnation had bin because his Accuser was so great a person And therefore I believe they reason'd thus amongst themselves We must not admit him that seeks the life of another to bring Triumphs Trophies and Spoils to the seat of Judgment Let him be terrible to his Enemy but let not a Citizen trusting to his high Merits and great Honour prosecute a Citizen 12. Not more eager were those Judges against a most noble Accuser than these were mild toward a Criminal of a far lower degree Callidius of Bononia being taken by night in the Husbands Bed chamber being brought to answer for the Adultery he buoyed himself up among the greatest and most violent waves of Infamy swimming like corn in a Shipwrack laying hold upon a very flight kind of defence For he pleaded that he was carried thither for the Love of a Servant-boy The place was suspected the time suspitious the Mistress of the house was suspected and his Youth suspected But the confession of a more intemperate Lust freed him from the Crime of Adultery 13. The next is an example of more concernment When the two Brothers of Cloelius were brought to answer for Parricide whose Father was kill'd in his bed while the Sons lay asleep in the same Chamber and neither Servant nor Freed-man could be found upon whom to fasten the suspicion of the Murther They were both acquitted only for this reason that it was made appear to the Judges that they were both found fast asleep with the door open Sleep the certain mark of innocent security sav'd the unfortunate For it was adjudg'd impossible that having murthered their Father they could have slept so securely over his wounds and blood PERSONS Condemned 1. Now we will briefly touch upon those to whom things beside the question did more harm than their own Innocency did good L. Scipio after a most noble Triumph over King Antiochus was condemned for taking Money of him Not that I think he was brib'd to remove beyond the Mountain Taurus him that was lately Lord of all Asia and just going to lay his victorious hands upon Europe But being otherwise a man of a most upright lâ—â—e and free far enough from any such suspicion he could nor resist the envy that haunted the two famous Sirnames of the two Brothers 2. Scipio was a person of high splendour But Decianuâ— a person of unspotted Integrity was ruin'd by his own tongue For when he accused P. Furius a man of a lewd life because that in some part of his Declamation he ventured to complain of the Death of Saturninus did not only not condemn the Guilty but suffered the Punishment appointed for him 3. The same case overthrew C. Titius He was innocent and in favour with the People for the Agrarian Law But because he had the statue of Saturninus in his house the whole College of Magistrates with one general consent ruined him 4. We may to these adde Claudâ—a whom though innocent of a crime an impious Imprecaâ—ion ruined For being crowded by the multitude as she returned home from the Playes she wished that her Brother by whom we had the greatest loss of our Naval Forces were alive again that being made often Consul he might by his ill conduct rid the City of the pesterment of the People 5. We may pass to those whom the violence of Condemnation snatched away for flight causes M. Mulvius Cn. Lollius L. Sextilius Triumvirs because they did not come so quickly as they ought to quench a Fire that happend in the Holy way being cited before the People at a prefixed day by the Tribune were condemned 6. Publius Villius also Nocturnal Triumviâ— being accused by Aquilius the Tribune fell by the Sentence of the People because he was negligent in going his watch 7. Very severe was that Sentence of the People when they deeply fin'd M. Aemilius Porcina bâ—ing accused by L. Cassius for having built his House in the Village of Alsium a little too high 8. Nor is that Condemnation to be supprest of one who being over-fond of his little Boy and being by him desir'd to buy him some Chitterlings for Supper because there were none to be got in the Countrey kill'd a Plough-Ox to satisfie the Boys desire For which reason he was brought to publick Trial Innocent had he not lived in the antient times Neither Quitted nor Condemned 1. Now to say something of those that being quâ—stioned for their Lives were neither quitted not condemned There was a Womâ—n brought before Popilius Lenaâ— the Praetor for haviâ—g beaten her Mother to Death with a Club. But he Praetor adjudged nothing agâ—inst her neiâ—her on way nor other For it was plain that she did it to revenge the death of her Children whom the Grand-mother angry with her Daughter had poysonâ—d 2. The same dâ—mur made Dolabella Proconsul of Asia A woman of Smyrna killed her Husband and her Son understanding that they had killed another Son of hers a hopeful young man which she had by a former Husband Dolabella wâ—uâ—d not take cognizance of the Cause but sent it to be determined by the Arâ—opagi at Athens Unwilling to set a woman at liberty defiled with two Murthers nor to punish her whom a just Grief had mov'd to do it Considerately and mildly did the Roman Magistrate nor did the Areopagite act less wisely who examining the cause bound the Accuser and the Criminal to appear an hundred years after upon the same ground as Dolabella acted Only he by transmitting the Trial they by deferring delay'd the difficult Sentence or Condemnation or Acquittal CHAP II. Of remarkable private Iudgments whereby were condemned 1. T. Claud. Centumalus 2. Octacilia Laterensis 3. C. Titinius Minturnensis 4. A certain person for riding a horse farther than hired for TO Publick Judgments I will adde private ones the Equity whereof in the Complainants will more delight than a great number offend the Reader 1. Claudius Centumalus being commanded by the Augurs to pull down some of the height of his House which he had built upon the Caelian Mount because it hindered them from observing their Auguries from the Tower sold it to Calpurnius Lanatius concealing the command of the Augurs By whom Calpurnius being compelled to pluck down his House brought Marcâ— Porcius Cato father of the famous Cato to Claudius as an Arbitrator and the form of Writing Whatever he ought to give him or do in good Equity Cato understanding that Claudius had for the nonce supprest the Augurs Edict presently condemned him to Calpurnius with all the Justice in the world For they that fell according to Conscience and Equity ought neither to enhance the hopes of the Bargain nor conceal the Inconveniencies 2. I have recited a Judgment famous in those times Yet what I am about to relate is not quite buried in silence C. Visellius Varro being taken with a great fit of Sickness suffered a Judgment of three thousand pieces of
way to his Knowledge and Profession 2. Athens glories in its Arsenal not without cause For it is a work worthy to be seen for its cost and Elegance The Architect whereof Philo is said to have given so eloquent an account in the Theater of his purpose that the most eloquent of people were sway'd as much by his Eloquence as by his Art 3. Wonderfully was it done by that Artist who suffered himself to be corrected by a Cobler as to the Shoes and the Latchets But when he began to talk of the Thigh forbid him to go beyond the Foot CHAP. XIII Of Memorable Old Age. In ROMANS 1. M. Valerius Corvus 2. L. Metellus the High-Priest 3. Q. Fabius Maximus 4. Perpenna the Censor 5. Appius Claudius the blind 6. Women Livia Terentia and Clodia Strangers 1. Hiero King of Sicily Massanissa King of Numidia 2. Gorgias Leontinus 3. Xenophilus of Chalcis 4. Argantinus King of the Gaditans 5. Aethiopians Indians and Epimenides the Cnossian 6. The Epii a people of Aetolia 7. Dantho and two Kings of the Lachnii LEt Old Age prolonged to the utmost have a place in this work among the Examples of Industry but with a particular Title and Chapter That we may not seem to have forgotten those to whom the Gods were principally indulgent Insisting upon which every one may make himself more happy in respect of his antient felicity and may affirm the happiness of our age than which none was ever more happy by prolonging the safety of a wise and great Prince to the longest bounds of humane life 1. M. Vâ—lerius Corvus liv'd out his hundredth year between whose first and sixth Consulship were forty six years compleat Nor did his full strength of body not only not fail him in the highest employments of the Commonwealth but also for the manuring his Land a desireable Example of a Commonwealths man and a Master of a Family 2. Which space of years Metellus equall'd And the fourth year after his Consular Government being created Pontifex Maximus when he was very old he govern'd the Ceremonies of Religion two and twenty years his tongue never tripping in pronouncing the Votes not his hand trembling in preparing the Sacrifices 3. Q. Fabius Maximus threescore and two years held the Priesthood of the Augurship having obtain'd it when he was a strong man Which two times being added together will easily compleat the age of an hundred years 4. What shall I say of M. Perpenna Who out-liv'd all those that he call'd over in the Senate when he was Consul and only saw seven remaining of the Conscript Fathers whom as Censor with Lu. Philippus he had chosen more durable than the greatest Order in the world 5. I might conclude the life of Appius with his misfortune because he lived long after he was blind but that he had five Sons and five Daughters and a multitude of Clients in his Protection and in that condition most stouâ—ly govern'd the Commonwealth At length weary with living he caus'd himself to be carried into the Senate-house in a Litteâ— to hinder peace from beâ—ng made with Pyrthus upon dishonourable Conditions Can this man be thought blinde by whom his Countrey purely discerning that which was honourable was compell'd to open its eyes 6. Several Women have been no less eminent for long Life whom it shall suffice only to name For Livia the wife of Rutilius number'd fourscore and seven Terentia the wife of Cicero a hundred and three and Clodia the wife of Aufilius having outlived fifteen Children an hundred and fifteen years STRANGERS 1. I will adde to these two Kings whose long life was very advantageous to the People of Rome The King of Sicily Hiero numbred ninety years Massanissa King of Numidia reigning threescore years was superior to all men in vigour of age Cicero in his Book of Old Age reports of him that no shower or â—old could compel him to cover his head He was wont also to keep his station for several hours and would never stir from hard labour till he had tired the young men And if it were requisite for him to do any thing sitting he would off-times for a whole day sit in the same posture without moving his bodâ— for ease either one way or other When he led his Army a Horseback by day he never alighted that night omitting none of those labours which youth is wont to endure when he was of that extream age And so vigorous he was in reference to Women that he begâ—t his Son Methymnaius when he was fourscore and six years of age The Countrey also which he sound untill'd by perpetual culture he left very fruitful 2. Gorgiâ—s also of Leoâ—tiuâ—â— the Master of Isocrates â—nd several other great men by his own saying was most happy For when he had lived an hundred and seven years being asked why he would live 〈◊〉 long Because said he I ayle nothing to accuse my Old Agâ— What could be longer or more happy than such a tract of Life For being entered into the second Century of years be neither found any cause of complaint in it nor left any behinde him of it 3. Xenophilus of Chalcis wanted two of his years yet not inferior in enjoyment of health For as Aristoxenus the Musician saies of him Free from all the inconveniencies of old Age he died in the full splendour of consummate Learning 4. Arganthonius the Gaditane reigned so long as would have sufficed another to live For he govern'd his Kingdom fourscore years being forty years of age before he came to the Throne For which there are most certain and credible Authors Asinius Pollio not the least part of Roman Eloquence in the third Book of his History relates him to have lived an hundred and twenty years No mean example of sinewy vigour 5. The Ethiopians render the long life of this King less admirable whom Herodotus writes to have exceeded an hundred and twenty years and the Indians of whom Cresius delivers the same And Epimenides the Gnossian whom Theopompus reports to have lived an hundred fifty and seven years 6. Hellanicus also avers that certain of the Epii who were a people of Aetolia lived two hundred years with whom Damasthes agrees adding this moreover that one Litorius among them of an exceeding great strength and stature compleated three hundred years 7. Alexander in his Volume of the Illyrian Tract affirms that one Dantho lived full out five hundred years without the least complaint of Age. But much more liberal is Xenophon who gives to the King of the Lachnii eight hundred years of Life And that his Father might not take it ill he allows him six hundred CHAP. XIV Of the Desire of Honour Among the Romans 1. P. Africanus the Greater 2. D. Brutus Gallaicus 3. Cn. Pompey the Great 4. Sulla the Happy 5. A certain Knight 6. C. Fabius Pictor STRANGERS 1. Themistocles of Athens 2. Alexander the Great 3. Aristotle the Stagyrite 4. Pausanias of Macedon 5.
Herostratus HOnour whence it arises or of whatsoever it may be the Habit or how it ought to be purchas'd and whether it may not be neglected by vertue as unnecessary let them take care that employ their Contemplations upon these things and who are able eloquently to express what they have prudently observed I in this work being content to finde out Authors for deeds and deeds for Authors shall endeavour to finde out by proper Examples how great the desâ—â—e of it is wont to be 1. The Elder Africanus would have the Effigies of Ennius placed among the Monuments of the Cornâ—liaâ— Family because he thought his Acts illustrated by his Wit Not ignorant that as long as the Roman Empire might flourish and Africa lay captive at the feet of Italy and that the Capitol possess'd the Pillar of the whole World their Remembrance could not be extinguished especially enlightned by the Beams of Learning A man more worthy of Homer's than a rude and unpolish'd Eulogy 2. The same was the honorable minde of D. Brutus a famous Captain in his time toward Accius the Poet With whose familiar Courtship and acute applauses being mainly delighted he adorn'd the Entries of the Temples which he had consecrated out of his Spoils with his Verses 3. Neither was Pompey averse from this affectation of Glory who bestowed upon Theophanes the Mytelenian a Writer of his Acts a whole City in a Harangue before the Souldiers Prosecuting the Grandeur of his Gift with an accurate and approved Oration 4. L. Sulla though he minded no Writer yet he so vehemently assum'd to himself the honour of Iugurth's being brought to Marius by King Bocchus that he wore that Delivery in his Seal Ring Afterwards how great an admirer of Honour the slightest footstep whereof he ador'd 5. And that I may adde to Generals the noble minde of a Souldier When Scipio was dividing the Military gifts to those that had done bravely T. Labienus putting him iâ— minde of giving a Golden Bracelet to an eminent and stout Knâ—ght which the General resufing to do that the honour of the field might not be â—solated in him who hâ—d serv'd but a little before he gave the Knight Gold himself out of the Gallie plunder Neither did Scipio put it up silently For said he to the Knight thou hast the Gift of a rich man Which when he had taken casting the Gold at Labienus feet he held down his Countenance But when Scipio said to him The General gives thee Silver Bracelets he went away with a chearful Countenance So that there is no Humility so great which is not touched wiâ—h a desire of Glory 6. It is also sought sometimes out of the lowest things For what meant C. Fabius that most noble Commonwealths man For when he painted the walls of the Temple of Safety which C. Iunius Bubulcus had consecrated he inscribed his Name upon them For that only Ornament was wanting to a Family most famous for Consulships Priesthoods and Triumphâ— And though he stoopt to a mercenary Art yet he would not have his labours obliterated how mean soever they were following the example of Phidias who included his own face upon the Shield of Minerva in such manner that if it were pull'd away the whole work would be quite spoiled STRANGERS 1. But better had he done to have imitated Themistocles had he bin taken with forraign Examples who is reported to have bin so prick'd with the sting of Honour that he could not sleep a nights and being ask'd what he did abroad at that time of the night made answer That he could not sleep for the Trophies of Miltiades For Marathon rous'd up his noble Minde to ennoble Artemisium and Salamis with Naval Glory The same person going to the Theater and being ask'd whose voice was most pleasing to his ears made answer His that shall sing my acts â—he best and loudest He added as it were an honourable sweetness to Honour it self 2. The Breast of Alexander was insatiable of Applause who when Anaxarchus his Companion by the authority of Democritus affirm'd that there were innumerable worlds How miserable then said he am I that have not conquered one Man thought his Honour too much confin'd that had not all that which suffices for the Habitation of the Gods 3. I will adde the thirst of Aristotle after Honour as great as that of a King and a young man For he had given certain Books of Oratory to Theodectes his Disciple to put forth in his own name and being afterwards vex'd that he had let go the Title to another insisting upon some things in his own Volume he addes that he had discoursed more plainly of them in the Books of Theodectes Did not the Modesty of so great and so diffusive a Science withhold me I would say he was a Philosopher whose great parts ought to have been delivered to a Philosopher of a nobler Soul But Honour is not contemn'd by thosâ— that desire to introduce the Contempt of it For to those very Volumes they diligently set their Names that what they take away by Profession they may attain by Usurpation of Memory But this dissimulation of theirs whatever it be is more to be endur'd than the purpose of those who while they labour for eternal Memories strive to become famous by wickedness 4. Among which I know not whether Pausanias may not be first mentioned for when he had ask'd Hermocrates how he might suddenly become famous and that the other had answered By killing some great person presently went and slew Philip. And indeed what he covered he had for he render'd himself as infamously famous for the Murther as Philip was eminent for his Vertue to Posterity 5. But this desire of Glory was sacrilegious For there was one sound out who would set on fire the Temple of Diana at Ephesus tâ—at by the destruction of that lovely Pile his name might be known to the whole world Which fury of his minde he discovered upon the Rack Yet the Ephesians had taken care by a Decree to abolish the memory of the worst of men had not the eloquent Wit of Theopompus comprehended the fact in his History CHAP. XV. What Magnificent things befel to every one To ROMANS 1. P. Africanus the Greater 2. M. Cato the Censor 3. P. Scipio Nasica 4. P. Scipio Aemilianus 5. M. Valerius Corvus 6. Q. Mutius Scaevola 7. C. Marius 8. Cn. Pompey the Great 9. Q. Lutatius Catulus 10. Cato of Utica 11. L. Marcius a Roman Knight 12. Sulpitia Ser. daughter of Q. Flaccus STRANGERS 1. Pythagoras Samian 2. Gorgias the Leontine 3. Amphiaraus the Prophet 4. Pherenica a Gâ—ecian Woman WHat Magnificent things have deservedly beâ—aln every one being put to publick view will afford delight to ingenious minds because the value and force of the Rewards and the contemplaâ—ion of Honours is equally to be considered Nature affording us a kind of pleasure when we see Honour industriously coveted and gratefully â—epaid But though the
while he bewail'd others to deplore his own condition Happy rather in the multitude of his Riches than in the deep Reflexion of his thoughts For who but meanly prudent would bewail that he was born mortal 2. I will relate others now who having others in suspicion sought to have a more exquisite care of themselves Nor will I begin from the most misserable but one that was accompted the most happy among a few Massinissâ— the King reposing but little faith in Men secur'd himself with a guard of Dogs What meant so large an Empire What so great a number of Children What the Roman Friendship so strictly allied to him If to secure all these he thought nothing more powerful than the barking and biting of Dogs 3. Alexander was more unhappy than this King whose minde on the one side Love on the other Fear tormented For being infinitely enamour'd of his Wife Thebe going to her from a Banquet into her Chamber he caus'd a Barbarian Fugitive to go before him with his Sword drawn Nor did he put himself to bed till he was diligently search'd by those about him A mix'd Punishment through the anger of the Gods that he could neitheâ— command his Lust noâ— his Fear Of Whose Fear the cause and end was the same For Thebe slew Alexander provoked by his Adultery 4. Dionysius Tyrant of Syracuse how long a story might he make of this fear Who prolonged a Tyranny of two and forty years in this manner He removed his Friends and substituted in their places men brought from the most fierce of Nations and stout Servants pick'd out of wealthy Families for his Guard and out of fear of a Barber taught his Daughters to shave into whose hands when they came to ripe Age not daring to commit Iron he order'd his Beard and Hair to be burnt off with the flame of the skins of Walnuts Nor was he a more secure Husband than he was a Father For having married at the same â—ime Aristomache of Syracuse and Cloris of Locris he never lay with either till they were searched And he entrench'd his Bed like a Camp into which he went over a wooden Bridge leaving the outward Chamber-door open to his Guards and carefully locking the inner himself CHAP. XIV Of Similitude of Form ROMANS 1. Cn. Pompey the Great with Vibius and Publicius 2. Cn. Pompey Strabo with Menogenes the Cook 3. P. Scipio Nasica with Serapius 4. P. Lentulus and Qu. Metellus Consuls with Spinther and Pamphilus the Players 5. M. Mâ—ssila and C. Curio with Menoges and Bubulâ—ius Scenics FORREIGNERS 1. Antiochus King of Syria with Artemon 2. Hybras the Orator with a Servant of the Cymaeaus 3. A Sicilian Fisher with a Roman Praetor COncerning the likeness of Countenance and Proportion the more Learned dispute subâ—ily And some are of opinion that it answers to the original and composition of the blood Nor do they draw a mean Argument from other Creatures which are like those that beget them Others deny this to be the Constitution of Nature but an Accidental Chance of Conception And therefore many times the beautiful bring forth deformed the strong produce weak Children But because the Question is doubtful let us produce a few Examples of noted Likeness 1. Vibius of a good Family and Publicius the Freed-man were so like Pompey the Grâ—at that changing their condition they might have been saluted for him and he for them Certainly wherever Vibius or Publicius came all mens eyes were upon them every one remarking the form of a mighty Citizen iâ— persons of mean degree Which kind of Mockery became almost hereditary to him 2. For his Father also was so exceeding like Menâ—genes his Cook that a man fierce in Courage and potent in Arms could not avoid that sordid name upon himself 3. Cornelâ—us Scipio a young man illustrious for his Nobility abounding in many â—amous Sirnames of his Family could not scape the servile Appellation of Serâ—pio being so like a Killer of the Sacrifices who was of that Name Nor could the Probity of his Life nor the Antiquity of his Family any way prevail against the Scandal 4. A most generous Colleagueship was that of Lentulus and Metellus Yet both were look'd upon as Players so like they were to two Histâ—io's upon the Stage For the one got the sirname of Spinthâ—r an Actor of the Second Parts and if the other had not had the sirname of Nepos â—rom his Anceâ—tors he had had the sirname of Pamphilus an Actor of Third Parts whom he so much resembled 5. But M. Messala of Consular Dignity was forced to receive the sirname of Menogenes and Curio abounding in wealth that of Barbuleius the one by reason of the likeness of their Faces the other because of the likeness of their Gate FORREIGNERS 1. These are enough for Domesticks because they are particularly remarkable in reference to the persons and not obscure in relation to common knowlâ—dge There was one Artemon by name and related to the Royal Family who was affirm'd to be very like to King Antiochus Whom Laodice having murder'd her Husband to conceal the fact laid in her Husbands Bed to counterfeit the King as sick And by his Countenance and Voice deceived all people that were admitted to see him and believed that Laodice and her Children were recommended by dying Antiochus to their care 2. Hybreas of Mylasa an Oratour of a smart and copious Eloquence was so like a Servant of the Cymeanâ— that swept the Wrastling-School that all the eyes of Asia took him for his own Brother so like he was in all the Lineaments of Face and Members 3. But he that was â—n Sicily so like the Praetor was of a petulant disposition For the Proconsul saying That he wonder'd how he should come to be so like him when his Father had never been in that Countrey But mine answered the other went frequently to Rome Revenging by that means the injury done to his Mothers Chastity by a Suspition thrown upon the Mother of the Proconsul yet more boldly than become a man that was under the Lash and Axe of Authority CHAP. XV. Of those who by lying have thrust themselves into Families which they never belong'd â—o 1. L. Equitius Firmanus 2. Erophilus the Farrier 3. The false son of Octavia Augustus's Sister 4. The false son of Sertorius 5. Trebellius Calca 6. C. Asinius Dio false FORREIGNERS 1. Rubria of Millain false 2. Ariarathes the false King of Cappadocia THe former was a tolerable piece of Impudence and â—nly dangerous to himself Thaâ— which follows is no way to be endur'd and not only privately but publickly dangerous 1. For that I my not omit Equitiâ— a Monster out of Firmum in Piceni whose manifest lye in counterfeiting himself the Son of T. Gracchus by the turbulent mistake of the Vulgar was defended by the power of the Tribune 2. Herophilus the Farrier by claiming Marius seven times Consul for his Grandfather so set himself-forth that most of the Colonies of the Veterane Souldiers and noble free Towns â—dopted him for their Patâ—on Nay when Caesar having overcome young Pompey in Spain had admitted the people into his Garden he was saluted in the next space between the Pillars by the Multitude And had not Caesar prudently prevented the storm the Commonwealth had suffer'd as much by him as by Equitius But being banished out of Italy by him after he was taken into Heavâ—â— the other return'd into the City and durst aâ—â—â—â—pt to plot the killing of â—he Senate For which reâ—son being by the command of the Fathers put to Death iâ— Prison he had the late reward of a quick intention to do mischief 3. Neither was the Deity of the World Augustus himself ruling the world exempt from this kinde of Imposture There being a certain person that durst to affirm himself born of the womb of his most dear Sister Octaviâ— saying that for the infirmity of his body he was put out to the person that bred him and his Son taken in it his stead Thus at the same time endeavouring to dâ—prive a most sacred Family of the Memory of their â—rue Blood and to contaminate it with the contagion of a Lye But while he soar'd to the utmost degree of boldness he was by Caesar condemn'd to the Gallies 4. There was also one who affirm'd himself to be the Son of Q. Sertorius whose Wife would by no means be compell'd to acknowledge him 5. Tubellius Calâ—s how stedsâ—stly did he justifie himself to be Clodius And while he contended for his Estate was so favourably receiv'd by the Court of Judicature that the tumult oâ— the people would hardly give way for a just and legal Sentence However the Constancy of the judges would not give way either to the Calumnies of the Claimer nor the fury of the People 6. Much more stoutly was that done by him who when L. Sylla rul'd in chief brâ—ke into the house of Asiuius Dio and expell'd his Son out of doors clamouring that it was he that was Dio's Son But when Caesar's Equity had freed the Commonwealth from Sylla's Tyranny a juster Prince steering the helm of Government the Impostor died in Jail FORREIGNERS 1. While the same Prince governed the Rashness of a Woman was punish'd at Milan upon account of the same Imposture For attesting herself to be one Rubria and claiming by that means an Estate that belong'd not to her though she wanted neither favour nor Witnesses yet the invincible Constancy of Caesar disappointed heâ— of her hopes 2. The same person compell'd to just punishment a Barbâ—rian affecting the Kingdom of Cappadocia and affirming himself to be Ariarathes who was certainly known to have been slain by Mark Antony thâ—ugh at the same time he had deluded most of the Cities and People of the East FINIS