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A66415 Scripture the rule of faith a sermon preached at St. Martins in the Fields, Febr. 3, 1695/6, being the second of the lecture for this present year, founded by the Honourable Robert Boyle, Esquire / by John Williams ... Williams, John, 1636?-1709. 1696 (1696) Wing W2722; ESTC R38942 12,524 32

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Instances 1. There was at that time a notable Controversy about the Church which was the true This was the Case between the Jews and Samaritans as 't is stated by the Woman of Samaria Joh. 4. 20. Our Fathers saith she to our Saviour Worshipped in this Mountain Gerizim and ye say that Jerusalem is the place where men ought to worship That is ye say Yours is the true Church and we say ours is that true Church And each of these were so violently addicted to their own way that the Jews would have no dealing with the Samaritans nor so much as ask drink of them in their necessity V. 9. And on the other side the Samaritans would not so much as receive the Jews into their Houses Luk. 9. 53. Nay so high did the Contest grow between them that it ingaged them in the fiercest Quarrels even to Assaults and Assassinations where-ever they were out of Canaan as well as in it as their Historian Reports And though that Samaritan Temple was afterward utterly destroyed by Hyrcanus about 130 years before our Saviour yet the Prejudices and Animosities continued till both fell under the common and final Destruction by the Romans 2. Another point in Controversy was about a Future State and the Resurrection to it This was Disputed between the Pharisees and the Sadducees For the Sadducees held that there was no Resurrection nor Angel nor separate Spirit existing out of a Body for that the Jews called a Spirit but the Pharisees confessed both 3. Another material Controversy that then divided the Church was What was the Rule of Faith For the Sadducees would admit the Law of Moses only to be of that Authority and what was not therein contained was among them accounted of no validity and therefore they denied a Future State because as they pretended there was no proof of it from that Law But the Pharisees whatever respect they might give to the Law above the other Books of Scripture yet allowed both to be of the same Authority and so what was contained in any of them to be the Object of Faith Again The Sadducees were for Scripture alone without any Traditions but the Pharisees set their Traditions in the same Rank with the Scriptures and would have both of the same Obligation as has been aforesaid p. 13 and if either was to give way to the other the Scripture was rather to give way to Tradition than Tradition to the Scripture About which Matters there were often great Disputes and Differences between these Two powerful Factions as the Historian relates so that however they were concerned in the Government yet the Flame broke out upon every occasion and which St. Paul made his advantage of who when he perceived that the one part of the Councel were Pharisees and the other Sadducees cried out I am a Pharisee and the Son of a Pharisee of the hope and resurrection of the dead I am called in question By these means they filled the whole Nation with Bandyings and Feuds the Great Men generally siding with the Sadducees and the People with the Pharisees as the same Author saith 4. Another Point in Controversy among them was about the Messias This was a Character much pretended to by several about the time of our Saviour and was the Chief Subject in Dispute between Him and the Ruling-part of the Jews Points surely these were of great Importance Viz. Which is the True Church What is the Rule of Faith Whether there be a Future Life And whether Jesus be the Messias And Points these were that the whole Nation of the Jews was divided about So that in all Appearance there was scarcely ever a greater occasion for a Determining-power to put this Case to an Issue Now if there had been any such Infallible Authority any such Concluding-Power Visible and Known as it was then if ever necessary so no doubt there would have been Appeals to it in these Disputes among themselves and with our Saviour And in reason it may be thought our Saviour would readily have Appeal'd to it because the Judge being Infallible could never have Determined and given it against Him But we read of no such Appeals in Scripture but on the contrary our Saviour puts them upon another way of Enquiry not to Search after a Living and Infallible Judge by whom they were to be finally concluded but to Search the Scriptures as the Infallible Rule by which they were to be Determined And accordingly the Apostles advised their Auditors to the same Course that they should thereby prove all things and hold fast what upon trial they found to be good and true That they should not believe every Spirit every Pretender to Revelation and Infallibility but should try the Spirits whether they were of God and there was good reason it seems for it because saith the Apostle many false Prophets are gone out into the World 1 Joh. 4. 1. that pleaded Inspiration and a Divine Mission and Authority for what they Taught as is manifest from the Epistles of the Apostles And yet the Apostles who themselves had the Spirit of Infallibility and Immediate Revelation referr'd the Jews to the Written Word as the Rule and to their own Reason and Conscience as the Judge If ever any might have required an implicit Faith and an absolute and a blind Obedience to their judgment it was Christ and his Apostles and yet we find that they would have all Try and Examine Weigh and Consider It being an innate Privilege of Mankind not to be led blindfold but to be governed by their Reason a privilege that true Religion doth evermore preserve and what every Man is obliged to defend since every Man must give an account of himself to God And therefore the Bereans are commended by St. Paul as 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 more generous and free-spirited Who Searched the Scriptures daily whether those things were true which that Apostle Taught and compared one with another his Doctrine with that Holy Standard and finding them to accord they received the word with all readiness of mind So manifest is it that in the Apostolical times every Man was to judge for himself and to use the same reason in Religion which he used in the Common Affairs of Life All that those Inspired Writers desired was That Men would Search and search Impartially and then they did not question but as they would be like the Bereans in Temper so they would be alike prevailed with in the conclusion and receive the truth with the like promptitude and readiness of mind toward the finding out of which Searching and Honesty go a great way And whereas it might have been thought however that the times would come when the Apostles should leave the World and Immediate Inspiration should cease with them and so Men would be left to their own Fallible judgment in the Interpretation of the Rule Yet there is no other provision made by our