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A41236 Festa Anglo-Romana, or, The feasts of the English and Roman church, with their fasts and vigils being an exact and concise accompt of their various etymologies and appellations, with the reasons and grounds of their celebration : together with a succinct discourse of several other grand days in the universities, Inns of courts, and the collar and offering days at White-Hall, tending, to the instruction of all persons in all capacities, and the dilucidation of several seeming difficulties in the ancient, as well as modern English and Roman calendar / by a true son of the Church of England. True son of the Church of England. 1678 (1678) Wing F821; ESTC R7435 34,996 146

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and furnish the Tables in the Inns of Court with good Chear In the Colledges at the Universities they are usually call'd Gawdy in the Inns of Court Grand-Days and at His Majestie 's Court White-Hall Collar-Days for on these Days at Court the King Knights of the Garter and Judges wear their Collars of S.S. It is also one of His Majestie 's Offering-days St. Matthias On February the 24th but in Leap-year the 25th is Celebrated the Feast of St. Matthias who was one of the 70 Disciples and elected Apostle by lot in the room of that Arch Traytor Judas after the Ascension of our Blessed Lord He Preached the Holy Gospel in Macedonia and after Travelled into Judaea where he was first cruelly stoned by the Jews and then Beheaded according to the Roman Custom Anno Dom. 51. and it is also one of His Majesties Collar-Days without Offering here we may properly come in with our Discourse concerning Bissextile or Leap-year 'T is term'd Bissextilis because the 6th of the Calends of March are twice reckon'd viz. on the 24th and 25th of February so that Leap-year has a supernumerary day more than other years according to that old Rhythm Thirty Days hath November April June and September February hath Eight and twenty alone And all the rest have thirty and one But when of Leap-year cometh the time Then Days hath February Twenty and nine Observe also this Latin Distich tho in old Monkish Rhythm regardless of true Quantity Bissextum Sextae Martis tenuere Calendae Posteriore die celebrantur Festa Mathiae This Leap-year is observed every fourth year and was first invented by Julius Caesar the Perpetual Dictator of Rome to accommodate and even the year with the Course of the Sun and takes the name of Julian Account from him who before the Incarnation of Christ the space of 44 years observing the erroneousness of the Account then in use ordered the year to consist of 365 days and six hours which six hours in four years time made 24 hours or a Civil Day and were added to the end of February and upon this account every fourth year contained 366 days and was call'd Annus Bissextilis for the reason premention'd and the thing it self Intercalatio an Interlacing or puting any odd thing between even ones meaning the odd day in Leap-year in which account for many years there was no sensible Error discovered yet in process of time it was found not to be so exactly agreeable with the Sun 's natural Motion for the Julian exceeded the true Solar year by 10 Minutes and 48 seconds and caused the Aequinoxes and Solstices yearly to alter and change their places and recede or fly back so many Minutes and seconds in consideration whereof Pope Gregory the 13th of that Name by the advice ●nd assistance of Antonius Lilius ●is Brothers and other Eminent Mathematicians did in the year of our Lord 1582. correct the Roman Calendar appointing the year to contain 365 days 5 hours 49 Minutes and 12 seconds and that the Vernal Aequinox which was then on the 11th of March might be reduced to the 21th as it was at the time of the first Council of Nicaea he commanded that 10 days in October should be totally omitted viz. from the 4th to the 14th so that the 4th day of the Month was counted the 14th Hence it is that the New Foreign Gregorian or Lilian is 10 days before the old or our Julian account Here it is also observable that every Leap-year to prevent all Ambiguities that may arise at Law it is provided by the Statute de Anno Bissextili 21 H. 3. that the 24th and 25th of February in Suits at Law shall be accounted for one day only Britton f. 209. Dyer 17 Eliz. 345. but for keeping of Fairs it is ordered that those which use to be on the 24th of February shall be kept on the 25th because the Feast of St. Mathias is not till the 25th of February in the Leap-year It is call'd Leap-year from the Dutch Loop-iare qu. Leap-year because it exceeds the bounds of other years by a day Sunday As for Sunday or the Lords-Day it is the weekly Feast of the Refurrection of Christ not Instituted by him or God himself but by his own Apostles in the place of the rejected Sabbath of the Jews for these ensuing Reasons 1. That Christians should not be obliged to the observance of Judaical Ceremonies but testifie the Abrogation of their Feasts and the liberty receiv'd by the coming of Christ 2. That as the Jewish Sabbath did continually put them in mind of the former World finished by the Creation so the lord's-Lord's-Day ought to keep us in the constant Remembrance of a far better world begun by our Saviour who came to restore all things and make Heaven and Earth new therefore for this Reason did they Honour the Last day we the First in every seven annually 3. In regard that the Lord rose from the Dead on this day and perfected the great and wonderful Work of Man's Redemption 4. We cannot more congruously apprehend the Majesty of the Super-eminent and Puissant Jesus by any other Creature than by the most resplendent and glorious Light of the Sun the Ruler of this day for it is written Et in sole posuit Tabernaculum suum exiit de Tribu Judae cujus Signum Leo est Solare Animal The Lord's-Day when any happens between Candlemas and Twelfth-Day hath no certain Name but is call'd the first or second Sunday on which it falls after Christmas but those that succeed the Epiphanie are denoted according to the Numeral order as the first Sunday after it is styl'd the first Sunday after Epiphanie the next the second c. whereof there are five this present year sometimes only four but more or fewer according to the greater quantity of the Intervallum majus tho the Sunday immediately preceding Septuagesima is ever counted the last Sunday after Epiphanie Valentine's-Day Valentine's-Day is on the 14th of February so call'd from Valentine Powerful Lat. a Roman Bishop whose Feast is kept this day about this time the Birds make choice of their Mates for the ensuing year and we among us of our Valentines that is Men and Women chosen for special Loving Friends it signifies also Saints chosen for special Patrons for the year The next 4 Sundays are known by the Name of Septuagesima Seragesima Quinquagesima and Quadragesima The three first have their Names from the Order in which they precede the 4th Quadragesima and so of the rest Septuagesima was Instituted as 't is generally believ'd for these three Reasons 1. For Suppletion i.e. making up what is wanting for because some did not use to fast on the Friday and therefore Sexagesima was Instituted as you shall understand by and by neither upon the Saturday in regard that our Saviour on that day rested in his Grave to denote our future Rest and 't is observ'd by St. Augustin that the