Selected quad for the lemma: world_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
world_n	circle_n	north_n	pole_n	1,821	5	11.6207	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A93914	Horometria: or The compleat diallist. Wherein the whole mystery of the art of dialling is plainly taught three several wayes; two of which are performed geometrically by rule and compass onely: and the third instrumentally, by a quadrant fitted for that purpose. With the working of such propositions of the sphere, as are most usefull in astronomy and navigation ... By Thomas Stirrup, philomath. Whereunto is added an appendix, shewing how the parallels of declination; the Jewish, Babylonish, & Italian houres; the azimuths, almicanters, &c. may be easily inscribed on any dial whatsoever, by rule and compasse onely. And to draw a diall on the seeling of a room, by W. Leybourn. Also, Dialling Vniversal, performed by an easie and most speedy way, ... by certain scales set on a small portable ruler, by G.S. practitioner in the mathematicks.	Stirrup, Thomas.; Leybourn, William, 1626-1716. Appendix, shewing how the parallels of declination; the Jewish, Babylonish, & Italian hours; the asimuths, almicanters &c. may be easily inscribed on any dial whatsoever.; Serle, George. Dialling universal.	1658 (1658)	Wing S5689; Thomason E956_2; ESTC R207639	89,665	174

arch E D then this distance being kept set one foot of your compasses in the point E with the other make a mark in the former arch E D as at D still keeping the same distance set one foot in the point D and with the other draw the arch line F over the given point B now laying a ruler upon the two points E and D see where it crosseth the arch line F which will be at F from which point F draw the line F B which shall be a perpendicular line unto the given line B C raised from the end B as was required CHAP. VII To let a Perpendicular fall from a point assigned unto the end of a line given LEt the line D E be given unto which it is required to let a perpendicular fall from the assigned point A unto the end D. First from the assigned point A draw a line unto any part of the given line D E which may be the line ABC then find the middle of the line A C which will be at B place therefore one foot of your compasses in the point B and extend the other unto A or C with which distance draw the Semicircle A D C so shall it cut the given line D E in the point D from which point D draw the line A D which shall be the perpendicular let fall from the assigned point A unto the end D of the given line D E as was required CHAP. VIII Certain Definitions Astronomical meet to be understood of the unlearned before the proceeding in this Art of Dialling IN the former Chapter I have shewed the meaning of some terms of Geometry which be most helpfull unto this Art of Dialling with the drawing of a Parallel line at any distance or by a point assigned so likewise have I shewed the manner either how to raise or let fall a perpendicular either from or unto any part of a line given So likewise now I think it will not be un-necessary for to shew unto the unlearned the meaning of some of the most usefullest terms in Astronomie and most fitting this art of Dialling Definition 1. A Sphere is a certain solid superficies in whose middle is a point from which all lines drawn unto the circumference are equal which point is the Center of the Sphere Definition 2. The Pole is a prick or point imagined in the Heavens whereof are two the North pole being the center to a circ l described by the motion of the North Star or the taile of the little Bear from which point aforesaid is a line imagined to passe through the center of the Sphere and passing directly to the opposite part of the heavens sheweth there to be the South Pole and this line so imagined to passe from one Pole to the other through the Center of the Sphere is called the Axletree of the World because it hath been formerly supposed that the Sun Moon and Stars together with the whole Heavens hath been turned about from East to West once round in 24 houres by a true equal course like much in like time which diurnal revolution is performed about this Axletree of the World and this Axletree is set out unto you in the following figure by the line P A D the Poles whereof are P and D Definition 3. A Sphere accidentally is divided into two parts that is to say into a right Sphere and an oblique Sphere a right Sphere is only unto those that dwell under the Equinoctial to whom neither of the Poles of the World are seen but lie hid in the Horizon An oblique Sphere is unto those hat in habit on either side of the Equinoctial unto whom one of the Poles is ever seen and the other hid under the Horizon Definition 4 The Circles whereof the Sphere is composed are divided into two sorts that is to say into greater Circles and lesser The greater Circles are those that divide the Sphere into two equal parts and they are in number six vix the Equinoctial the Ecliptique line the two Colures the Meridian and the Horizon The lesser Circles are such as divide the Sphere into two parts unequally and they are foure in number as the Tropick of Cancer the Tropick of Capricorn the Circle Artique and the Circle Antartique CHAP. IX Of the six greater Circles Definition 5. THe Equinoctial is a circle that crosseth the Poles of the World at right Angles and divideth the Sphere into two equal parts and is called the Equinoctial because when the Sun commeth unto it which is twice in the year viz. at the Suns entrance into Aries and Libra it maketh the dayes and nights of equal length throughout the whole World and in the figure following is described by the line S A N. Definition 6. The Meridian is a great Circle passing through the Poles of the World and the Poles of the Horizon or Zenith point right over our heads and is so called because that in any time of the year or in any place of the World when the Sun by the motion of the Heavens commeth unto that circle it is then Noon or 12 of the clock and it is to be understood that all Towns and Places that lie East and West one of another have every one a several Meridian but all places that lie North and South one of another have one and the same Meridian this circle is declared in the figure following by the circle E B W C. Definition 7. The Horizon is a Circle dividing the superior Hemisphere from the inferiour whereupon it is called Horizon that is to say the bounds of sight or the farthest distance that the eye can see and is set forth unto you by the line C A B in the following figure Definition 8. Colures are two great circles passing through both the Poles of the World crossing one the other in the said Poles at right Angles and dividing the Equinoctial and the Zodiaque into four equal parts making thereby the four Seasons of the year the one Colure passing through the two Tropical points of Cancer and Capricorn shewing the beginning of Summer and also of Winter at which times the dayes and nights are longest and shortest The other Colure passing through the Equinoctial points Aries and Libra shewing the beginning of the Spring time and Autumne at which two times the dayes and nights are of equal length throughout the whole World Definition 9. The Ecliptique is a great Circle also dividing the Equinoctial into two equal parts by the head of Aries and Libra the one halfe thereof doth decline unto the Northward and the other towards the South the greatest declination thereof according to the observation of that late famous Mathematician Master Edward Wright is 23 degrees 31 minutes 30 seconds Note also that the Circle is divided into 12 equal parts which parts are attributed unto the 12 Signes Aries Taurus Gemini Cancer Leo Virgo Libra Scorpio Sagittarius Capricornus Aquarius and Pisces Out of this line

doth the Sun never move but the Moon and other Planets are sometimes on the one side and somtimes on the other side thereof this line may be represented in the following figure by that line whereon the characters of the 12 Signes standeth CHAP. X. Of the four lesser Circles Definition 10. THe Sun having ascended unto his highest Solsticial point doth describe a Circle which is the neerest that he can approach unto the North Pole whereupon it is called the Circle of the Summer Solstice or the Tropick of Cancer and is noted in the figure following by the line ♋ F G. Definition 11. The Sun also approaching unto the first scuple of Capricorn or the Winter Solstice describeth another Circle which is the utmost bounds that the Sun can depart from the Equinoctial line towards the Antartique Pole whereupon it is called the Circle of the Winter Solstice or the Tropick of Capricorn and is described in the figure following by the line H I ♑ Definition 12. So much as the Ecliptique declineth from the Equinoctial so much doth the Poles of the Ecliptique decline from the Poles of the World whereupon the Pole of the Ecliptique which is by the North Pole of the World describeth a Circle as it passeth about the Pole of the World being just so far from the Pole as the Tropick of Cancer is from the Equator and it is called the Circle Artick or the Circle of the North Pole it is described in the following Diagram by the line T O where the letter O doth stand for the Pole of the Ecliptique and the line T O for the Circle which the point O doth describe about P the Pole of the World Definition 13. The fourth and last of the lesser Circles is described in like manner by the other Pole of the Ecliptique about the South Pole of the World and therefore called the Antartique Circle or the Circle of the South Pole and is demonstrated in the following figure by the line L R. Definition 14. The Zenith is an imaginary point in the Heavens over our heads making right angles with the Horizon as the Equinoctial maketh with the Pole Definition 15. The Nadir is a point in the Heavens under our feet making right Angles with the Horizon under the earth as the Zenith doth above and therefore is opposite unto the Zenith both these may be represented in the figure by the line E W where the letter E standeth for the Zenith and W for the Nadir Definition 16. The Declination of the Sun is the arch of a Circle contained betwixt the Ecliptique and the Equinoctial making right Angles with the Equinoctial and may be set forth unto you by the arch S ♋ But the Declination of a Star is the arch of a Circle let fall from the Center of a Star perpendicular unto the Equinoctial This Declination may be counted either Northward or Southward according to the scituation of the Sun or Star whether it be neerer unto the North or South Pole of the World Definition 17. The Latitude of a Star is the arch of a circle contained betwixt the center of any Star and the Ecliptique line making right angles with the Ecliptique and counted either Northward or Southward according to the situation of the Star whether it be neerer unto the North or South Poles of the Ecliptique And here note that the Sun hath no Latitude but alwayes keepeth in the Ecliptique line Definition 18. The Latitude of a Town or Countrey is the height of the Pole above the Horizon or the distance betwixt the Zenith and the Equinoctial and may be represented in this figure by the arch of the Meridian B P where the North Pole P is elevated above the Horizontal line C A B according to the Angle BAP which here is 52 degr 25 min. the Latitude of Thurning Definition 19. The Longitude of a Star is that part of the Ecliptique which is contained betwixt the Stars place in the Ecliptique and the beginning of Aries counting them from Aries according to the order or succession of the Signes Definition 20. The Longitude of a Town or Countrey are the number of degrees which are contained in the Equinoctial betwixt the Meridian that passeth over the Isles of Azores from whence the beginning of Longitude is accounted Eastwards and the Meridian that passeth over the Town or Countrey desired Definition 21. The Altitude of the Sun or Star is the arch of a circle contained betwixt the center of the Sun or any Star and the Horizon As for example in the former figure suppose the Sun to be in the Meridian at S then the angle of altitude will be the angle SAC the measure whereof will be the arch C S contained betwixt the Sun at S the Horizon C which here will be found to be 37 deg and 35 min. the height of the Sun at noon when it is in the Equinoctial circle S A N. Definition 22. Azimuths are Circles which meet together in the Zenith and crosse the horizon at right angles and serve to finde the point of the Compasse which the Sun is upon at any houre of the day or the Azimuth of the Sun or Star is a part of the Horizon contained betwixt the true East or West point and that Azimuth which passeth by the center of the same Star to the Horizon and may be represented in the former figure by the arch line E V W. Definition 23. Ascension is the rising of any Star or of any part or portion of the Ecliptique above the Horizon Definition 24. Right Ascension is the number of degrees and minutes of the Equinoctial counted from the beginning of Aries which commeth to the Meridian with the Sun Moon Stars or any portion of the Ecliptique Definition 25. Oblique Ascension is a part of the Equinoctial contained betwixt the beginning of Aries and that part of the Equinoctial that riseth with the center of a Star or any portion of the Ecliptique in an Oblique Sphere Definition 26. The Ascensional difference is the difference betwixt the right oblique ascension or it is the number of degrees contained betwixt that place of the Equinoctial that riseth with the center of a Star and that place of the Equinoctional that commeth to the Meridian with the center of the same Star Definition 27. Almicanters are circles drawn parallel unto the Horizon one over another untill they come unto the Zenith these are circles that doe measure the elevation of the Pole or height of the Sun Moon or Stars above the Horizon which is called the Almicanter of the Sun Moon or Stars the arch of the Sun or Stars Almicanter is a portion of an Azimuth coutained betwixt that Almicanter which passeth through the center of the Star and the Horizon Thus having set forth unto the view of the unlearned for whose sake this Treatise was intended the meaning of some of the usefullest terms of Geometry which be most attendant unto this Art of