brightness of his Fathers Glory the express image of his person as the Apostle speaketh And that in pursuance of an Eternal Covenant he was in the fulness of time â—â—nt into the world not only to work out mans redemption by his Active and passive obedience to the Law But also as the first Minister of the Gospel as the head and Law-giver of the Gospel Church to reveal his Fathers will for the Worship of God in it to this purpose he tells us Matth. 11.27 That all things were delivered him by the Father Accordingly Matth. 26. he instituteth the Lords Supper and in Matth. 28.18 he instituteth the Ministry preaching the Gospel and Baptisme and Matth. 28.20 he authorizeth his Apostles to teach whatsoever he had commanded them And lest we should think that although the alteration of the Acts of Worship were within Christs commission yet the alteration of the solemn time of Worship was not he hath inspired three of the four Evangelists to tell us what he asserted that he was Lord of the Sabbath Matth. 12.8 Mar. 2.28 Luk. 6.5 Texts which I wonder Mr. Titham should fancy to have any thing in them for the old Sabbath For he who reads any of the Evangelists must yield the sense to be this at first sight That he had authority to expound the Law of the Sabbath contrary to the rigid sense of the Doctors of those times so as it should allow a liberty for acts of necessity piety and mercy The words do plainly assert our Saviour an Authority to alter the Sabbath for he is Lord of it Our Brethren by their daily practice yield our Saviour a liberty to alter the Acts of Worship hence they do not offer Sacrifices as the Jews did though by the way observe our Saviour never said to us You shall no longer Sacrifice they allow of Baptisme instead of Circumcision though it be worthy of our Brethrens observation that Mr. Titham and Mr. Pooly fell to Circumcision and consequently to a denyall of Christ and under the terror of that Text If you be circumcised Christ shall profit you nothing Our Brethren also allow the Ordinances of the Lords Supper and Preaching and certainly it is very unreasonable for our Brethren to allow their Lord and Saviour the authority to alter the Acts of Worship and to deny him a power as to the time of Worship Certainly the time is not so considerable as to the glory of God as the Acts of Worship are besides that as I said before to deny our Saviour this Authority is to deny him to be God Equall with his Father and to deny what three of the Evangelists expresly assert with an even and also The Son of Man is Lord even or also of the Sabbath day CHAP. V. That the Lord Jesus Christ in pursuance of his Commission for establishing the Gospel Church did alter the Sabbath from the seventh to the first day of the Week How this appears THis being obtained we have nothing to doe but to prove That our Lord did alter the Sabbath day In order to which proof Sheppard Thes Sab. th 24. what that holy and learned man Mr. Sheppard hath said is to be observed We are not to expect such evidence from Scripture concerning this change as fond and humorous wits sometimes plead for in this controversie Namely that Christ should come with Drum and Trumpet as it were upon Mount Zion and proclaim by word or writing in express words The Jewish Sabbath is abrogated and the first day of the week instituted in its room to be observed of all Christians to the end of the world For it is not the Lords manner to speak so in many things concerning his Kingdom but as it were occasionally or in way of history or Epistle to some particular Church or people c. The Scripture saith that Christ after his resurrection continued upon the Earth forty dayes speaking of things concerning the Kingdom of God Acts 1.3 and St. John chap. 21. tells us that all things which he said were not written for the World would not have held the books Indeed it is not expressely said that in that time he instructed them as to the change of the Sabbath as it is not said he any time spake to them about the ceasing of Circumcision Sacrifices the Paschall Lamb c. nor is it said what in particular he taught them within those forty dayes But certainly a moderate degree of charity will inforce us to believe that what we shall find in Holy Writ the Apostles and primitive Churches exemplarily practising in this thing they learned either by word of mouth or by infallible inspiration from their Lord and Master which is all one to us and we must be very uncharitable to think that those first and greatest Ministers of the Gospel the greatest Light ever set upon the Lords Hill should by word of mouth or practice teach the Primitive Christians so weighty a thing as the change of the Sabbath without any direction or authority from the Lord Jesus Christ The Apostles in what they did were followers of Christ Jesus and upon this account 1. Cor. 11.1 the Apostle calls to the Corinthians to be followers of him and Phil. 4.9 Those things which you have learned and heard and seen in me do ye It is true the Examples of the Apostles are not in all things our rules nor by us to be imitated But in those things which they did not upon some special reason and wherein we can imitate them unquestionably they are to be imitated and that in force of many Scriptures speaking to that purpose And in such things their example unquestionably amounts to a divine Institution What have we more than the example of the Apostolical Churches practice for our use of Water in Baptisme administring the Lords Supper to Women c. So that the business in question will much lye upon these two things Whether we can shew any Institution of Christ or practice of the Apostolical Churches in this case Here we will also freely grant our Brethren That the exercise of holy dutyes on a day will not argue such a day was observed as a Sabbath But if we will prove that the first day of the week was by the Apostolical Church observed as the Christian Sabbath we must prove That Day set apart for Sabbath Services more than any other day in the Week and honoured above any other day for that end To this purpose there have been three more eminent Texts in the New Testament insisted on almost by all Divines who have handled this controversie I shall not pretend to add any thing much considerable to what hath been largely and learnedly said by Dr. Young Mr. Caudry Mr. Sheppard Mr. Warren c. but I shall gather what they have said into fewer words and give it my Brethren in their own tongue and it may be more in their own dialect in a plain and familiar style for I write not
Customs of Moses and Circumcision is so called Acts 21.21 He was the first who wrote the Laws about them For any person to adhere to any Iewish custom after Christs death and resurrection is in effect to deny Christ to be come in the flesh Let me in the bowels of Christ beseech our Brethren to be serious in this thing I say again Whatsoever related to the Worship of God and fell not expresly under one of the ten Commandments and that primarily nor is established in the New Testament could be nothing else but a piece of Moses a Mosaical custom which Christ came on purpose to alter and to adhere still to them is to proclaim against Heaven I have no part in the Son of David Hence the Apostle tells the Galathians If they were circumcised Christ profited them nothing that is thinking themselves under an obligation to be circumcised and again he tells them he was afraid of them lest he had bestowed all his labour amongst them in vain preached the Gospel to them in vain why you observe dayes and months and times and years Gal. 4.11 that is Such Religious dayes as the Jews observed according to Moses I know many of our Brethren will tremble at the apprehension of this I believe many of them have said to the Lord Christ Thou at my portion and that their Souls in truth say None but Christ None but Christ and did they know it would not deny the Lord that bought them or by any action interpretatively deny his Authority to alter the customes of Moses I humbly beg of them that in tenderness to the Lord that bought them in love to their own Souls as I trust they fear every sin so they would fear their Souls sinning in this point of Judaizing which the Apostle as to other points layes so much stress upon both in his Epistle to the Romans and Galatians and Colossians and all along in every Epistle And in a further evidence of this let me beseech our Brethren in all seriousness to consider whither the poring upon this notion hath led others and let them who yet stand take heed lest they so fall There have not been many Leaders in this opinion known to the World in this latter Age. The first was John Thrask I never heard that he published any thing in Print in the Pulpit he did A man of so ordinary parts that it was some time before he could pass his examination to be made a Minister after this he preached this new Doctrine and was for it censured in the Star-chamber and recanted it and died obscurely at Lambeth But this is that which I desire may be noted he say our Historians equally preached up the obligation of the other Levitical rites The next was Theophilus Brabourn originally a Trader in Stockins after made a Minister and 1628. he published a book for the Jewish Sabbath a book to give it its due wherein a thousand times more is said for it and to answer arguments against his side than in all Books ever wrote before or since He hath been abundantly answered by divers though on differing Principles he lived till within these few years till he came to assert three Gods and grew to keep no Sabbath for on his seventh day he would ordinarily make Bargains take in interest Money let out more seal Writings c. Mr. Ockford was another what he was where or how he lived what he held more c. I cannot tell The next was Mr. Tilham who at Colchester in Essex made much stir about this point and wrote one or two Books He was reported before to have been a Papist sure I am his Books shew not the learning of an ordinary School-boy With him one Pooly a wild-headed Norfolk Preacher joyned he was a man of a rash giddy head and Principles Both these after went over Seas where I presume our Brethren know upon too good information they both were circumcised and to what else they ran I know not I speak not this God knows to upbraid or mock at our Brethren but by these examples to shew them the tendency of this opinion and practice whither it leadeth poor Christians This Tilhams Book though I think one of the weakest and absurdest ever wrote on the subject is what my Brethren in these parts glory in I know for a Teacher by a lively voice they had a person of much more worth than Brahourn Pooly or Tilham Mr. Rich. Breviter who I perswade my self is at rest with God he was a good Scholler and a person of a sober life and conscientious to his Principles and to whom the Name of Christ I think was truly precious how far he had drank in this opinion and to what degree he was perswaded of it I cannot tell Sure I am never so much as to print any discourse for it But I shall add no more upon this I am sure unpleasing subject 2. If our brethren would avoid this charge the next I am sure they cannot To observe the seventh day sabbath is to non-communion our selves from all Churches that ever were or are in the world I mean Gospel-Churches To say nothing of the time past Christian-Churches alwayes condemning them as Hereticks that kept that Sabbath upon which account the Ebionites were condemned I do not think unworthy of our brethrens sad thoughts That this day there is no considerable number of Christians under Heaven any where that keep the Sabbath they keep Our Brethren know that I am no great man for Traditions But certainly the custom and practice of the whole Church in all times and in all places not contradicted by any valuable number of persons of any perswasion is not to be despised by any but such as will arrogate to themselves more knowledge of the mind of God than all the world besides I must confess I doubt whether there be any one universal tradition except this nor is this purely such but my meaning is that there is no one thing as to which the practice of the whole Church in all ages is so on all sides confessed and out of doubt Now the strength of this lies here It is not reasonable to think that God should leave his whole Church in all times to such a mistake as to the solemn time of worship The general sense of the faithful is upon this account justly valuable in most controverted points I spare instances here they are abundantly given by Dr. Young Mr. Caudry and Mr. Warren Where the learned of our brethren may find them I professedly write to my neighbours who I know would be little edified by quotations in Greek and Latin To leave therefore the practice of the former times from the very Apostles times which is very significant at least together with what evidence we have in the holy writ 2. I say there is no present Churches of our brethrens mind or practice So as they plainly cast off communion with all Churches of Christ on
A MODEST PLEA FOR THE LORDS DAY OR RATHER The Summe of the PLEA made by Divines for the Lords Day as the Christian Sabbath AGAINST Those who contend for the Old Sabbath of the Seventh Day in other 〈◊〉 in the Creation By J. C. D. D. Mar. 2.28 The Son of Man is Lord also of the Saâ—â—â—th Acts 6.14 We have heard him say That this Jesus of Nazareth shall destroy this place and shall change the Customs which Moses delivered us Gal. 4 10. You observe DAYES and Moneths and Times and Years 〈◊〉 11. I am afraid of you lest I have bestowed labour in 〈◊〉 LONDON Printed in the Year 1669. To those Christians especially my Neighbours in the County of Norfolk who are zealous for the Observation of the Seventh Day Sabbath Brethren MY heart's desire and prayer to God for you all is that you might be saved For I bear you record that you have a zeal of God only if I make a doubt whether it be according to knowledge or no yea if I tell you I verily believe it is not according to knowledge I am sure your ingeunity is such that you will pardon it to me considering that my own perswasion and practice is differing from you and Charity which alwayes begins at home will not allow me to judge my self to practise upon ignorance though I am also one oâ— them who but know in part yet 〈◊〉 hope I desire to practise according to my knowledge Which if you will bâ— so charitable as to suppose I must judgâ— your zeal not to be according to knowledge And let me tell you as there is no more sacred fire than that of zeaâ— when it hath its due fuel and is exercised in a just and good cause sâ— there is no more dangerous fire when iâ— hath a mistaken object The zealouâ— soul runneth and as the man who runneth if he be in a right way come quicker than another to his journey end but if he be out of his way â— is sooner than another at a further distance from home So it is with thâ— zealous spirit I must profess let 〈◊〉 person be of what perswasion he will I must have a reverence for him if perceive that he differeth from me ouâ— of Conscience because he dareth not tâ— sin against God It is a noble temper to be afraid of sin If a person pretends conscience for a particular opinion and practice and in the mean time be a common drunkard swearer liar blasphemer unclean person one that lives as it were without God in the World making no conscience of reading the Scripture praying bringing up and governing his Family in the nurture and fear of the Lord only pretends conscience as to baptizing of Children keeping the Seventh day Sabbath this man is an hypocrite and dissembles with God and men for there is an uniformity in conscience and it would certainly oblige him to avoid known and confessed sins as much as what he doth fancy is a sin and as much oblige him to all as to any known duty But where I see a Christian walking close with God in the general of his conversation and differing from me in this or that point because he thinks he cannot without sin believe and practise what I do I cannot but love and honour him and be very far from their Religion who think it the best and most Gospel way to cudgel him into my Perswasion A Gaol or a Fire and Faggots never yet cured an erring Conscience Such Brethren though overtaken with a fault are certainly according to the Apostles counsell to be restored in the spirit of meekness and to be dealt with like rational Creatures argued and treated and perswaded out of their mistakes not cudgelled out of them This Brethren hath caused me to send this little Book amongst you so penned as I think you will not judge it to have any thing of bitterness in it and in so small a volume as I cannot despair but that you will bestow the reading of it nor will it ask you long time You will find in it the most of what hath been said by Divines in this case I have contracted their larger Discourses that I might not tire your patience and made what they have said in Latine or in more Scholastick terms plain to you by a free and familiar style The singularity of your dissent doth certainly call to you for the use of all possible means to finde out what indeed is the Truth of God in this point and there cannot be a greater witness against you of your want of sincerity than an unwillingness to read or hear what hath been or is or shall be said against you For though indeed there be some Articles of Faith some Principles of Religion about which it is a Christians wisdom not to admit disputes yet this is not such 't is no Fundamental in Religion that the seventh Day from the Creation is the Sabbath It is none of those points in which you cannot erre without breaking your union with the Head Christ yet is it no light point for it breaks communion with all Churches and that is no light matter And the Scripture sayes we are members of Christ and members one of another Although an erring Conscience obligeth him that is troubled with it to do nothing against it yet certainly he that hath it or hath reason but to suspect he hath it stands highly obliged to use all means to reform it and although the differing complexion of a Christians Conscience may oblige him for a time to walk divided from his Brethren yet he ought not to do it without many thoughts of heart because of his division and while he walks alone in obedience to his Conscience he ought also to sit alone and to keep silence To sit alone pondering with himself what is said on both sides and without prejudice weighing arguments in the ballance of the Sanctuary comparing spiritual things with spiritual And to keep silence both as to the publishing his singular and novel â—â—â—â—â—â—ns keeping to that excellent 〈◊〉 of the Apostle Rom. 14.22 Hast thou faith have it to thy self before God It is a mad fancy of some who think that every opinion in Religion is worth breaking the Churches peace for and also keeping silence as to inveighing against and reviling others otherwise perswaded and practising For which way went the Spirit of God from the multitudes of their Brethren unto them And besides who knowes not that there is the same distance betwixt their brethren and them and none can usurp such authority but those who will arrogate to themselves infallibility and take away the judgement of discerning which is the very root and basis of the Protestant Religion You know Brethren what Fetters I have upon me as to my publick Ministry If I were free I question whether I by it should have any capacity to serve your souls while you are under this mistake If I may do it with these
first day of the week more than any other Whereas both he and Mr. T. urge that the text only commands that every one should lay by himself not that he should give it to the Deacons Whence Mr. Tilham cavils that if this day had been their sabbath the Apostle would not have directed a survey of their estates how God had prospered them I have shewed before the Apostle commands this survey and a laying by themselves 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 against the first day of the week We ask why against that day more than another but that it was a day when the Church used to meet and they might have an excellent opportunity to bring it in and have their hearts warmed by the duties of that day into a due chearfulness becoming them who give unto the Lord. But M. T. will not acknowledge a collection a Lords day or a sabbath duty For then he thinks the Apostle would not have added that there be no gatherings when I come Verily the mans ignorance is to be pitied Works of piety mercy and necessity are doubtless sabbath duties or our Saviour would never have healed lame persons on that day The Apostles meaning therefore doubtless is That there be no gatherings for these Brethren-strangers when I come But suppose it be yet Mr. T. tells us that a survey of their estates which the Apostle doth implicitly command that they may see how God had prospered them was no sabbath work But there is no need as I have said we should so translate it nor do I think it the sense that the laying aside should be on the first day of the week but against the first day of the week Here 's no survey of estates directed on that day In short say what we will our brethren so fond of this notion will make us believe that the strength of our argument from this text lies that we think that the Apostle here directed a collection on the first day of the week whereas we tell them that if it were so plain as if written with a Sun beam we do not think that would prove it a collection for the saints was a pious and charitable work but might be done or directed on any day But this is that we urge from the text It is plain from holy writ that the Apostles gave a peculiar honour to this day more than to any other day of the week Though on the seventh day the Apostles so long as the Jewish rites were indulged or so long as they had any hopes to convince the Jews when they came where the Jews had Synagogues went in and heard with them yea and preached to them Yet 1. They never met in a perfect Congregation of Christians on that day that we read of but on the Lords day they did Act. 20.7 2. The Apostle ordains their gospel sacrifice their collection for the poor Saints at Hierusalem rather against this day than any other But possibly we may find that as the Apostles unquestionably by direction from their Lord gave more honour to this day than to any other So our Lord himself also did so 1. This was the day on which he rose again from the dead This I am sure they will not deny and verily this is not inconsiderable Let us but here weigh two or three things 1. The Resurrection of Christ was the Lord Christs great work by which he shewed himself to be Lord and Christ and so confirmed the whole gospel and whatsoever he instituted in his worship It was that work of his which gave evidence to the vertue both of his life and death To this end saith the Apostle Christ both died and ROSE again that he might be Lord both of the dead and of the living By this he was declared to be the Son of God with power Rom. 1.4 Hence is our justification Rom. 4.25 Hence our peace of conscience Rom. 8.34 Hence our lively hope and the answer of a good conscience 1 Pet. 1.3 It was our great Lords first holy-day as I may say Of the day of Christs suffering he saith THIS IS YOUR DAY and the power of darkness a day in which God hath given leave to the Devil and his instruments to play their pranks But this was His day This was the Lord Christs rest The day in which he rested from the work of Redemption As his Father had done on the seventh day from the work of Creation 2. May we not soberly think that our great Lord should and did choose to lie in his grave on the sabbath day on purpose to let us know that that sabbath died with him and to rise the next day that he might point out unto us the new sabbath which he had made for the new heaven and new earth which he had now created on purpose to rise upon the first day that his Father by the change of the day might have no loss as to the time consecrated by the fourth commandment Our Lord could have ordered his death so as he might have died and risen again on the 2 3 4 or 5 days he chooseth so to dye that he shall be buried during the whole Jewish sabbath and early in the next morning he ariseth Leâ— us in the next place consider what he did when he was risen The Evangelists record not so full a communion of our Lord with the world nor with his disciples after the resurrection for forty dayâ— he was seen of them In that time counting the day on which he rose were seveâ— Christian sabbaths or first days of the week We read only of our Saviours appearing the two first of them 1. On the day of his resurrection he appeareth to Mary Magdalene looking in the grave for him and to some disciples goiâ—â— to Emaus Luk. 24.13 and to the Eleveâ— met at Hierusalem Luk. 24.36 Joh. 20 1â— and again 2. After eight days saith St. Joh. 20.26 We read but of two apparitions more thâ— one at the Sea of Tiberias Joh. 21. Thâ— other in Galilee which St. Matthew littâ— more than barely mentions Mat. 28.16 17 We do not think Christs appearing made sabbath but Christs owning his disciple meetings on these dayes by appearing theâ— to them speaks not a little in the case especially if it be observed that nothing of any worldly discourse is mentioned as passing at these times but our saviour at the Sea of Tiberias talks with them in their art freely But say our brethren zealous for the old sabbath 1. If the disciples of our Saviour had kept that day as a sabbath he or they would not have gone such a journey as 60 furlongs almost eight miles 1. Beza saith either Josephus is mistaken or some error is crept into the copy for he it is but 30 furlongs 2. The length of their furlongs we know not For our Saviour it was now no laâ—our to him to move Certain it is the way was so short as Luk. 24.33 in that 〈◊〉 hour they could return
Christs Nativity but it will pose them to prove that it was then known or so early taken notice of For those that dream of Easter-day above an hundred years after this this was in dispute when it should be kept Mr. Tilham and Mr. Brabourn both think and they do but think so that it was the seventh day but why should that be called the Lords day because he that day lay in the Grave think we God indeed in the Old Testament called it his Sabbath but was it ever so called in relation to Christ did Christ ever institute that Now why the first day of the week should be called the Lords day reason offers it self plentifully 1. In opposition to his suffering day of which he saith to his Persecutors This is your day and the power of darkness 2. It was the Day when he triumphed over Sin Death and Hell 3. It was the Day when he was with power manifested to be the Son of God Rom. 1.4 4. In all probability it was the day he instituted for the Christian Sabbath and therefore called the Lords day as the Sacrament is called the Lords Supper because he instituted it 5. Finally take all the Ancients from Ignatius who lived nearest the Apostle downward they all understood by the Lords day the first day of the week and accordingly kept it holy unto the Lord. Now let all these be laid together and I beseech our Brethren laying aside alâ— partiality prejudice and saction seriously to consider whether they will not amounâ— to as good a proof as we have for many other things that the Lord Christ hath instituted the Lords day for the Christian Sabbath though it be not in the Gospel proclaimed in so many words And in good earnest I think those of our Brethren who will not judge it sufficient if their Consciences weigh all Gospel Truths in the same ballance will be in no small danger of being warped in other and those very weighty Truths of the Gospel from a perversion in which the good Lord keep them and us all for his mercy sake CHAP. VI. That the Seventh Day is repealed I Suppose I have said enough to justifie the discharge of the Old Sabbath The â—cense which the fourth Commandment gives us to labour six dayes in the week â—vinceth us under no Obligation to keep more than one Sabbath Now if the first day of the week as we have proved be the Sabbath to be sanctified reason tells us the Jewish Sabbath is discharged Though the Scripture no where saith to us you shall not keep the Passeover nor you shall not circumcise yet we understand our selves discharged of both by the substitution of two other Gospel Sacraments It is the Lord will according to the fourth Commandment we should not be under an obligation to keep two dayes in each week and it is the Lords will as we have proved wâ— should keep the first day of the week whaâ— need we any further witness But yet it be needfull I think it is not hard tâ— evince it 1. The Jewish Sabbath as I have already proved was never primarily requireâ— in the Morall Law but only by thoâ— ceremonial or temporary Laws given to thâ— Jews which all acknowledge determine by the death of Christ and the extinction of the Jewish Polity and fell of couâ— when that fell The Ordinance for tâ—â— particular day of the week was but an Oâ—dinance given to hold untill the time Reformation but to add yet a little morâ— it hath been told our Brethren and I heartly wish they would deliberate upon it Thâ— the Apostle Rom. 14.5 blameth the â—mans that amongst them One man esteemâ— one day above another Gal. 4.10 he blamâ— them that they observed dayes and month and times and years That the Apostle â—al 2.16 cautioneth the Christians That â— man should judge them as to meat or drink â— in respect of an Holy-day or a New-moon â— the Sabbath-day That these Texts are â— to be understood of the Lords day is â—dent 1. Because as we have proved the Apoâ—es themselves and the Christian Churches â—en observed it 2. Because the fourth Commandment â—d perpetually established 1. A Day 2. A â—venth Day to be sanctified Now the â—postles words must be interpreted so as â—t to lose us one of the ten Commandâ—ents 3. Because to interpret those Texts of all other Jewish Holy-dayes with an exâ—tion only to the weekly Sabbath seemâ— both an unreasonable interpretation too short for the terms of the Texts Vnreasonable it is an usual rule Vbi lex â— distinguit non est distinguendum we â—e no reason to distinguish where the rule â—es no distinction nor can any pretence reason be for limiting the sense in that â—â—oner but to reconcile the Apostles Preâ—t with the fourth Commandment which may quickly be without such a restriction according to what we have proved thâ— sense of it A Sabbath may remain though that Sabbath be abolished 2. It seems also too short The Apostle to the Galatians useth four terms Dayes Months Times Years Suppose by the years be meant thâ— yearly Feast of Atonement or the years â— Jubile by Moneths the New Moons bâ— Times their Feasts of the Passeover Pentecost c. still we want an interpretation for thâ— term Dayes which certainly must be understood of the Jewish seventh Dayes or Sabbaths returning every week 4. What Mr. Warren observes is also very considerable that all these Epistles werâ— wrote to Churches much leven'd with Judaism and under great temptations to it so that undoubtedly it was the Apostles intention by that term to declare the Christians freedom from the old Sabbath which also as it is plain from Deut. 5.15 haâ— something of a Type annexed unto it Buâ— enough hath been said to prove the olâ— Sabbath out of doors if not by repeal yeâ— by expiration as being a temporary Ordâ—nance and by the appointing of anothâ— Sabbath in the stead of it CHAP. VII To insist upon the old Sabbath is to Judaize and non-communion our selves to all Christian Churches in the World both in this and former Ages FRom what hath been said must needs follow that for us now to insist upon the old Sabbath hath a double guilt attending upon it 1. The first is Judaizing 2. The second is declining communion with all the Churches of Christ that are or ever were in the world Judaizing signifies a tenacious adhering to the Jewish Rites and Customs after that Christ hath established a New Heaven and a new Earth This was the Jews great sin It was one piece of our Lords errand into the world To change the customs which Moses delivered A Truth asserted by the first Christian Martyr and for it he was accused Acts 6.14 That this was one of those customs is plain if it were not commanded in the fourth Commandment which we have proved it was not Nor doth it hinder that it begun before Moses so did Sacrifices and Circumcision yet they were the
Printed Papers it will be no small satisfaction to me if not yâ— my work is with the Lord anâ— my judgement is with my God I think scarce any of you think I have any prejudice against you many of you may believe I have a great kindness for you The good Lord bring us all in this point to think and speak the same thing and to walk in the same Way Your Friend and Servant in the Gospel of our Lord Iesus John Collenges CHAP. I. The occasion of the Discourse and what moved the Author to it IF in the following Discourse I had designed to have advantaged my Name in a printed Book I had certainly made choice of another Subject or handled this in another manner than I have I know nothing left for an Author on this subject it hath been so variously and learnedly handled by eminent Authors Nothing is to be added to what Mr. Ley hath said to justifie the application of the Name Sabbath to the Lords day Nor to what Dr. Twiss Mr. Sheppard Mr. Caudry and Mr. Warren have said for the Morality of it for the repeal or expiration of the Jewish Sabbath for the change of it to the first day of the Week Mr. Sheppard and Mr. Caudry have not lefâ— Ocâ—foâ—d or Brabourn nor Mr. Warren left Mr. Tilham a rag to cover the nakedness of their faireyes nor is ought to be added to whaâ— Dr. Young hath said to the primitive observation of it For the practical sanctification of it all the Authors aforesaid have spokeâ— fully to which may be added Dr. Bound Mr. Bernard and lately Mr. Wells To say nothing of the controversial part handled by the aforesaid Authors against Heylin Primrose Ironside and all of that party who would make our Sabbath but an ordinary Church-holiday so that indeed there is not room left for a new Author to croud in bringing any thing new in this case Nor shall this discourse pretend to any thing of that nature I look upon it as our great disadvantage in reference to most of our brethren who contend for the Jewish Sabbath to be still in force that what is already said in the case which is abundantlâ— enough is either spoken so learnedly as they cannot understand it or else hidden in large volumes of considerable price which either ordinary people want money to buy or time toâ—â—ad or judgement to finde out All therefore I shall pretend to is in a plain familiar Discourse to present our brethren with the summe of what hath been far more fully and learnedly discoursed by others To which that which hath been the next occasion is my present leisure and the Providence of God casting me in a place where I observe very many and those whose hearts I would charitably think God had touched with a sense of Religion and who I trust truely fear God and love the Lord Jesus have received impressions leading them to a great zeal for the old Sabbath The consequents of which opinion I look upon as very sad these Christians breaking communion with all Christian Churches in the World and depriving themselves of the advantage they might have from communion with us on the Lords day For though I have known some of that opinion who yet on the Lords day would come to hear the Word preached and joyn in Prayer with other Congregations yet I perceive another spirit in many of my present Neighbours And besides if being possessed of that opinion they did come it would not be with such preparation nor in such a Conscience of what they did as were requisite for such as expect a blessing from or in such dutyes God hath pleased at present to call me to sit down in silence as to my publick Ministry that I might in something serve my generation and be usefull to the Souls of others I have put my pen to Paper in this cause nor have I had any other motive whatsoever but if it might be to do good to some Soul or other or if I cannot cure yet at least through the strength of God to stop the spreading of this disease amongst Christians CHAP. II. The first Consideration That God hath no more glory nor the Souls of Christians any more reall advantage from the observation of the Seventh day from the Creation than from the observation of the Lords Day as the Christian Sabbath nor can be any pretence of this nature but that of stricter Obedience to the Commandment I Take it to be an excellent notion of that holy and eminent Servant of God Mr. Thomas Sheppard that the thing which makes a Law morall is a goodness in the thing commanded precedent to the command yet caused by the eternal will of God Ceremonial Laws were therefore good because commanded but the matter of every Moral Law must have some goodness that is some equity some suitableness in it to the nature and to the Concernment of men and women preceding the command especially if we rightly consider man as he stands related to God and to his Neighbour as he is made up of Body and Soul both ordained to an eternal existence The light of nature shewing us that there is a God and but one God he our Creator Preserver Governour an Essence of glorious Majesty purity and holiness c. If we had never heard of the first second or third Commandements Nature would have told us it was fit we should give the highest homage of our Souls to him alone worship him according to his will not blaspheme his Name nor use any thing related to him irreverently which is the substance of the three first Commandments The same will be yielded as to the 5 6 7 8 9 and 10. The very light of Nature would have shewed us a fitness and sutableness in the things there commanded to humane Society if we never had heard of the Commandment The same light of Nature also would have shewn us that some time must be spent in the service of God That it was reasonable some due proportion of time should be so sanctified Indeed that this should be a seventh part rather than a sixth Nature would not have shewn us that is morall positive but being directed Nature will presently allow it equal holy just and good This Original goodness in the observation of a seventh part of our time as holy to the Lord must lye either in this That from such a Religious Observation our Creator will reap some glory Or this That from it Man as to Soul or Body will reap some considerable advantage Both which are most undoubtedly true both as to some proportion of time and as to a seventh rather than a lesser part of our time The honour we bring to God by Acts of Worship being only in the publishing of his Name and Works The more frequently we do exalt his Name and publish his Works the more Glory we bring him Again Ordinances being the way through which our Lord Jesus useth to pass
it should be in the performance of his more direct and solemn worship 2. As to the effect or fruit of worship that is the impression of it which it leaves or the soul for I shall here speak nothing as to our pleasing God by the acts of homage which we perform which is the effect of i◠in reference to God We are commanded to desire the sincere milk of the word that we may grow thereby and certainly there is no serious Christian that goes out to hear a Sermon but doth propound to himself the increase of the knowledge of God the increase of faith in God the increase of the fear o◠God the increase of love to God and other graces None goes to a Sacrament but propounds to himself for his end the meeting of God in the Ordinance and receiving som◠blessing from him either as to spiritual life comfort or strength Now I appeal to th◠reason of Christians whether in order 〈◊〉 this end they had not need spend all the Sabbath time after the performance of their solemn acts of worship meditating of what they have heard in the word what they have seen and heard and done in a Sacrament you know the parable of the sower The thorns which our Saviour expounds the cares of the world choaked the word The fowls of the air pickt up the seed which fell by the way side worldly thoughts worldly discourses worldly business immediately after hearing immediately after a Sacrament are like thorns choaking the word or Birds of the air picking up the seed So as if we had no other argument than this yet it were in this case not inconsiderable But Fifthly methinks it should something prevail with us to consider how much stress God laies upon it How many times doth he inculcate the precept with how many additional precepts doth he hedge it how severely doth he punish the violators how often is it mentioned as the very head of Religion yea as the whole of it I say first how often doth God inculcate it Exod. 16.23 which text argueth it given before the law promulged in Sinai Exod. 20. Exod. 31.14 Lev. 23.3 Deut. 5.14 Lev. 19.3 and in abundance of other texts With how many additional precepts did God hedge it which though some of them but temporary yet argued Gods eye on the observation of his Sabbath such as those for not stirring out of doors to gather Manna Not kindling the artificers fire How sharply did God himself order the punishment of that poor wretch that gathered sticks on that day in pursuance of which the writers of the Jewish antiquities tell us Sabbath-breakers were wont to be stoned to death as Idolaters Blasphemers false Prophets c. incestuous Persons Sodomites Buggerers burners of their children in sacrifice to Molech Witches cursers of Parents and such as were rebelious against Parents We read of none else stoned to death For I count inticers to idolatry accessaries to these under their principals The righteous God appointed the same punishment to the Sabbath-breaker as to the vilest and worst of men which letteth us see what magnitude this sin of the violation of the Sabbath hath in the Lords eye And if we look considerately we shall find that the sanctification of the Sabbath is by God looked upon as a duty of the first and highest sort It is made one of his moral and perpetual precepts it is ushered in with a word of remark◠Remember to keep holy the Sabbath day The observation of it in the Precept is more particularly directed Thou shalt do no manner of work thou nor thy Son nor thy Daughter nor thy man-servant nor thy maid-servant nor the Cattle within thy Gates It is joyned with the most natural necessary and momentous duties Lev. 19.3 Fear every man his Father and keep my Sabbaths It is mentioned in Scripture as the head of all Religion and therefore chosen out by God to express all Religion by and where the violation of all Religion is taxed it is ordinarily taxed under this notion of not keeping or profaning the Lords Sabbath Ezek. 20.13 16 21 24. ch 23.38 and supposing the Promises made to the strict observation of the Sabbath to be Synechdochicall and to be understood of such as keep close to and are strict in all pieces of instituted Worship yet Gods choosing of this part of Worship to express the whole by it is sufficient to let us know how much God ever laid upon the strict observation of the Sabbath as much as if God had told us that without it we do nothing in Religion It is worth the observing how cross men are to God in this thing tything mine and annis and cummin and making light of this far more weighty thing We read indeed under the Jewish Poedagogy of musick and singing and garments used in the worldly Sanctuary as the Apostle calls it but we no where read of any Promises made to these more external rites and little observances of bowing c. we see many men zealous for these things but oh how careless in this great thing not only violating the Precept but of so debaucht consciences as to teach men so to do which saith our Saviour is to make men least in the Kingdom of God Math. 5. But certainly Christians we should look as God doth and lay the stress of our practice where he layes it The Precept of the fourth Commandment is one thing the Argument is another who so saith the Precept or any thing in that is ceremonial leaves us but nine Commandments contrary to the faith of all the people of God from the very beginning of the world and they who will argue the Precept temporary because the argument had but a temporary obligation make a fair way to blot out the first Commandment because the Argument in the letter of it only concerned the Jews who were the only people God brought out of the land of Egypt out of the house of bondage I say in the letter of it I know we are also by Christ brought out of a spiritual Egypt out of a spiritual bondage and if we can thus blot out the first Commandment and the fourth and the Papists blot out the second which they do and interpret the third only to prohibit false swearing as some others have done we have fairly quitted the first Table and have nothing to get quit of but the second and we leave the whole world as a generation of Belial without any yoke at all 6. After this it may not be amiss for us to consider the Promises made to those that keep the Lords Sabbaths and the threatnings against the violaters of them The first I shall instance in shall be that Jerem. 17. from the 20. to the 24. v. their not observing the Sabbath according to the Command is made their great crime from the 24. v. is a Promise made to the better observation of it v. 27. a threatning denounced in case of neglect