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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A03885	A summary of controuersies Wherein are briefly treated the cheefe questions of diuinity, now a dayes in dispute betweene Catholikes & protestants: especially out of the holy Scripture. Written in Latin by the R. Father, Iames Gordon Huntley of Scotland, Doctour of Diuinity, of the Society of Iesus. And translated into English by I.L. of the same Society. The I. tome, deuided into two controuersies.; Controversiarum epitomes. English	Gordon, James, 1541-1620.; Wright, William, 1563-1639.	1618 (1618)	STC 13998; ESTC S104309	167,262	458

King Hence it is that God describing by the Prophet Ieremy this Kingdome of Christ speaketh in this sorte of the multitude of men which shal be in the Kingdome of Christ Euen as saith our Lord the stars of Heauen Ierem. 31. v. 32. cannot be numbred and the sands of the sea measured so will I multiply the seed of my seruant Dauid and the Leuits my seruants But such and so great a multitude of men cannot be inuisible 4. In like manner the Prophet Isay describing the said Kingdome of Christ and the Couenant of God with it thus writeth I will make a perpetuall league with Isa 61. v. 8. 9. them and their seed shal be knowne in all Nations and their of spring in the middest of the people all that shall see them shall know them because this is the seed that God hath blessed Where it is manyfestly sayd that all Nations euen the Infidels assoone as they shall behould and see the Church they shall easily know her by the benefits of God bestowed vpon her Caluin himselfe Calu in hae●●erba Isaiae acknowledgeth this to be spoken of the Church and he addeth that this hath not only once been fullfilled but is daily fulfilled 5. Lastly if this Kingdome of Christ were sometymes invisible God himselfe which God forbidde we should say were periured who sweareth that the throne of Christ that is to say his Kingdome Psal 8● vel 89. shal be like the sunne and as a perfect moone and that for euer but the sunne and the perfect or full moone are very visible planets easily to be seene of all men and not inuisible 6. Thirdly the Church of God is that Isa 2. v. ● Mi●h 4. ● 1. Psal 47. vel 48. v. 9. Dan. 2 v. 35. Matt. 5 v. 14 15. Citty which is situated vpon a most high Mountaine yea vpon a Mountayne which is placed vpon the top of mountayn● the which our Lord will strēgthen for euer wherof Christ himselfe speaketh A Citty placed vpon a mōntayne cannot be hidden And agayne You are the light of the world neyther do they light ● candle and put it vnder a bushell but vpon a cadelsticke that it may giue light vnto all which are in the house Christ therefore hath made his S. Aug. Tom. 9. in 1. Ep. Ioan. Tract 2. Church not to hide it but that it might be perspicuous manifest vnto all heerupon S. Augustine VVhat more sayth he shall I say but that they are blind who do not see so great a mountayne who shut their eyes against a candle placed vpon a candlesticke And in S. Aug. Tom. 7. de vnit Ecc. c. 1. another place he saith that those who see not the Church had rather as it were blindfold offend against this mountaine then climbe vp vnto it 7. Fourthly the same is proued by the foresayd offices of the Church for that Church must necessarily be visible which conceyueth and bringeth forth Infidells to Christ by the preaching of the Ghospell for neyther they which do preach are invisible but visible and the preaching also is visible and not inuisible That Church also is visible which nourisheth Christians with her publicke exhortations instructions and ministration of Sacraments and good examples which explicateth and keepeth the Luc. 10. v. 16. Matt. 18. v. 17. Scriptures who gouerneth and prescribeth Lawe and precepts whome therfore we must obey And she is visible vnto whome according to the commaundment of Christ all complaints and causes are to be brought And Lastly she is visible of whome in our aduersities we must demaund help and comfort who publickly confesseth Christ who fighteth with the serpent and getting the victory triumpheth against him and moreouer she exerciseth all those offices which are before alledged Supra c. 1. 8. Fifthly if the visible Church should once perish that article of the Creed were fals I belieue in the Catholik Church the Communion of Saints For that Church which is Catholike or vniuersall cannot be inuisible that Church which is dilated Psal 88. v. 33. or spread abroad throughout the whole world cannot be but very visible and conspicuous and that not in one only place but in many And hence it commeth to passe that the true Church is cōpared to the Sunne and the Moone the which are very visible planets and easily to be seene of all Neyther can there be this belieued cōmunion of Saints vnlesse the said Saints mutually be manifest and 1 Cor. v. 12. 21. 26. visible one vnto another seing that this communication as the Apostle saith consisteth in the continuall help which one member affoardeth vnto another but none can affoard any help to that which is inuisible and vnknowne Moreouer this communication of offices is very sensible and visible That also is visible S. Aug. Tom. 2. Ep. 170. ad Seuer which is a corporall substance and generally in many places Wherefore S. Augustine saith Yt is an easy matter for thee to behold and see that Citty which is situated vpon a mountaine of whome our Lord in the Ghospell saith that it cannot be bidden For she is the Catholike Church whereupon she is called in Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Matt. 5. v. 14. because she is published and spread ouer all the whole world of whome it is not lawfull for any to be ignorant and therfore according to the saying of our Lord Iesus Christ she cannot be hidden Hitherto S. Augustine 9. Sixtly that Church is visible which contayneth in it aswell the good Calu. l. 4. I●stit c. 1. sect 7. as the euill and aswell the predestinate as the reprobate as our Aduersaries themselues acknowledge who will haue the inuisible Church to consist of those only Matt. 1● v. ●8 which are predestinate But that the Church which containeth in it aswell the euill as the good shall continue vnto Calu. l. 4. Instit c. 1. sect 13. in fine Beza c. 5. suae Cons art 7. the end of the world those wordes of Christ suffer both to growe till haruest do euidētly demōstrate vnto vs. Yea euē our Aduersaries themselues doe plainly confesse that the holy Scripture doth declare this by many Parables It may therfore be gathered out of holy Scriptures euen by the iudgemēt of our Aduersaries that there is not only an inuisible but also a visible Church to wit wherein the good are mixed with the bad which shall alwaies continue till the end of the world 10. Seauenthly it is all one to affirme the Church to be inuisible and to affirme that it hath wholy perished and Supra cap. 3. that there is no Church at all the which as we haue declared before is most absurd For this inuisible Church of our Aduersaries can afford no help to any seeing that she is not knowne to any but only vnto God according to that saying of the Apostle God knoweth who are his For our Aduersaries will haue the

consequently cōmend vnto vs Traditions and the vnwritten Word of God seing that therein consisteth the principal part of holy Scripture to wit the true sense of the wordes CHAP. XI Wherein is declared how we may know the Apostolicall Traditions AMONG the other argumentes of our Aduersaries this is one that we cannot know certainly which are the Traditions of the Apostles seing that many Heretikes in times past pretended also that their heresyes were agreing to Apostolicall Traditions Moreouer they obiect that Traditions may easily be corrupted and changed for this cause Scripture was ordayned that the doctrine deliuered by word of mouth might continue the longer without any falsification or corruption But we answere to this their reason that the auncient Heretikes also by supposed and false Scriptures which they attributed falsely to the Apostles did confirme and proue their heresies Aug. de ciu Dei l. 15 23. subfinem Many thinges saith S. Augustine were alleadged by heretikes as though they were the sayings of the Prophets and Apostles But yet for all that they were not iudged to be the most certaine and Canonicall Scriptures 2. But the Traditions of the Apostles may so certainly and easily be known from supposed and false Traditions as the Canonical Scriptures may be knowne from the Apocriphall for they are both knowne by the same meanes and authority that is to say by the authority doctrine and testimony of the Catholike Church which neyther can deceiue any nor be decevued her selfe 3. And albeit speaking of humane matters the Scripture is more certaine thē Tradition alone yet it happeneth otherwise in matters concerning God because in these there is the authority of God and the continuall assistance of the Holy Ghost hath place which doth not suffer the Church to erre and hence it is that the Tradition only of the Church which is not so much written in paper as printed 1. ad Cor. 5. v. 3. 4. in the hartes of Christians is a most certayne and faithfull keeper of all the pointes of our diuine faith 4. Moreouer if euen Christ himself had with his owne hand writtē in brasse all the pointes of our faith they should notwithstanding not haue had so great certainty as now Ecclesiasticall Traditions haue vnlesse the same keeper of the diuine doctrine had byn also present For that which is imprinted in brasse may be rased and blotted out and the brasse it selfe may be consumed by fyre But those thinges which are imprinted in the hartes of Christians by the holy Ghost can neuer perish or be any way changed 5. And what we haue said of knowing the Apostolicall Traditions is to be vnderstood whether the Church assembled in a generall Councel declared it so or it became knowne and manifest by the continuall and generall custome of the whole Church Also whether the question be of Tradition belonging to faith or only belonging to rites and Ceremonyes For of the Tradition belonging to faith that is to say of not baptizing againe those which are baptized once before by heretikes are these wordes of S. Augu●tine Albeit indeed of this thing saith he S. Aug. Tom. 7. contra Cres●on Gram. l. 1. cap. penu t. t●ere can no example be alleadged out of Canonicall Scriptures yet notwithstanding we hould the truth of the same holy Scriptures in t●●s matter when we do that which generally the whole Catholik Church holdeth the which euen the authority of the Scriptures themselues commend vnto vs so as because the holy Scripture cannot erre whosoeuer seareth to be deceaued by the difficulty or obscurity of this question let him go to the same Church for counsell the which the holy Scripture v●ry clearely sheweth and S. Aug. Tom. 7de bapt cōt Donat. l. 4. cap. 14. demonstrateth vnto vs. Hitherto S. Augustine And disputing in another place against the Donatists concerning the baptisme of Infants That saith he which the whole Catholike Church holdeth nor was ordayned by generall Councells but yet alwaies kept and obserued by all is most truly to be belieued to haue byn deliuered vnto vs by Apostolicall authority S. Aug. Tom. 2. Epist 118. ad●anuar c. 5. Calu. l. 4. Instit c. 4. sect vlt. sub fi l. 3. c. ● sect 10. in medio 6. But of the Ecclesiasticall rites and Ceremonies the same S. Augustine speaketh in this māner Yf the Catholike Church through the whole world hold and practise any thing it is a signe of great madnesse to dispute whether it is to be done so or noe By which words of S. Augustine it may easily be vnderstood what was the opinion vniforme doctrine of the whole auncient Church concerning this point For our Aduersaries themselues do say that S. Augustine was a most faithfull witnesse of antiquity Vnto whome I referre the Readers if they desire to know certainly any more of the sense of Antiquity The end of the first Controuersy THE SECOND CONTROVERSY OF THE PROPERTIES OF OF THE TRVE CHVRCH The first Part of the second Controuersy CHAP. I. Of the Properties and Offices of the true Church of Christ in generall IN the disputation of the Church that first of all is to ●e obserued that whereas our Aduersaries haue ●rought in and do hold many erroneous opinions they do all proceed out of ignorance of the true definition and Nature of the Church It is a true saying of the Apostle that they which 1. Tim. v. 6. 7. erre and w●nder from the true faith are conuerted into vaine talke desirous to be Doctours of the Law not vnderstanding neyther what things they speake nor of what they affirme For if our Aduersaries did well vnderstand or could conceyue what is imported by the Name Nature of the Church they would neuer affirme so many absurdityes of the Church of Christ We will therfore first of all declare and explicate what is to be vnderstood properly by the name ●of the Church 2. But this best of all is declared by the Properties of the Church of Christ and by her Offices co●mended vnto vs in the holy Scripture it selfe and those we call Properties which do agree with the Church as she hath relation vnto Christ her chiefe head and Pastour But those we call her Offices which the Church exerciseth towards her Children There are indeed many properties of the Church assigned by holy Scripture but it shall suffice vs to alledge and note these fiue only 3. The first is that the Church is the spouse of Christ I will betroth thee vnto me Osee 2. 19. 20. for euer saith the Prophet Osee and againe I will betroth thee vnto me in saith And Isaias The bridegrome will reioyce in his bride and thy Isa 6● v. 5. God she speaketh vnto the Church shall reioyce in thee Christ also by the Prophet Salomon sayth Come o my spouse from Libanus Cant. 4. v. 8. In the new Testament also the Church is called the spouse of Christ He

Amos and Micheas moreouer in the time of Ieremy there liued ●he good King Iosias and the good prophets Ezechiel Daniel and Sophonias Therfore those things which Isay and Hiere●y do say cannot be vnderstood of all v●iuersally 5. The other places which our Aduersaries S. Aug. Tom. 2. Epist 48. ad V incentium alleadge do proue that there a●● at sometymes but a few in the Church ● but they do not proue that the say● Church was inuisible Yea as S. Aug●stine disputing against the Donatists we● obserueth when the Church of God ● most vexed with the persecutions of th● wicked and seemeth to be almost oppre● see therewith then is she most diuine i● such her members as are renewed for co●rage and constancy for fayth and obedience Mat. 1. v. ●8 towards God was more eminent i● one Noë or Abraham then in ten thousand others 6. Lastly this our disputatiō is not properly of the auncient Church which w● Eusebius in Cron. Orosi●● in hist Gen●b in sua Cono. Sand. de visib Monar ch l. 7. in prin Coc●iu● Tom. 1. lib 8. Art 2. before Christs time but of that whi● ensued the promulgation of the Gospe● till this our present age whereof Chri● sayth Vpon this rocke I will build my Church ● the gates of hell shall not preuaile against it F● albeit the Church hath beene alwayes v●sible euen frō the beginning of the wor● till the cōming of Christ as Paulus Orosi● Eus●bius haue out of the holy Scriptur● in euery age declared in this our age al● Genebrard Sanders and Coccius haue brief● demonstrated the same Yet notwithstanding before the comming of Christ t● whole Church of God was in a manner Psal 75. v. 2. Psal 147. v. vlt. concluded into greater straits of persons and places according to those words of the Prophe● Dauid God was knowne in Iury againe He hath not done thus to euery Nation and he hath not manifested or made knowne his iudgment vnto them But amongst the Gentils there were but few who acknowledged and rightly worshipped God Wherefore the true Church was often reduced vnto a few persons in number but S. Aug. Tom. 2. Epist 84. ad V incent notwithstāding euer visible those very eminent in sanctity and holynesse as is declared by S Augustins words already alledged But the state and condition of the Church of Christ is farre differēt after the Genes 22. v. 18. promulgatiō of the Ghospel frō that other for now that blessed seed of Abrahā is come wherin all the Natiōs of the earth were to be Blessed now those prophesies of Christs inheritance and Kingdomes are fullfilled Psal 2. v. 8. Aske of me I wil giue thee all Nations for thy inheritaunce and the bounds of the whole earth for thy Psal 71. v. 8. ●●ssession Also He shall gouerne and raigne from sea to sea and from the ●yuer to the end of the whole world And againe All the Kings of the earth ●●all adore him and all Nations shall serue him Moreouer Our Lord hath prepared his holy arme Ibid. v. 1● Isa 52. v. 10. ●● the eyes of all Nations and all the limits of the ●rth shall see the saluation of our Lord and God When S. Augustine had alledged this place among others against the Donatists admiring their great madnesse and ignorance who affirme the Church to be eyther inuisible or to lye lurking in some od place only brake forth into these most true S. Aug. To● 7. de vnit Eccles c. 7. words worthy of so great a Doctor VVho is sayth he so deafe who is so mad and who so foolish to contradict these so cleare euident testimonies but he which knoweth not what he speaketh And truly that the Church of God was farre more knowen and spread ouer the whole world after the promulgation of the Ghospell euen in the Apostles tyme then it euer was in the tyme of the law those words of the Apostle do sufficiently declare But Rom. 10. v. 18. I say haue they not heard And ●●●tes into all earth hath the sound of them gone forth and vnto the Rom 1. v. ●8 ends of the whole world the wordes of them And againe speaking vnto the Romā Church he sayth I giue thankes to my God through Iesus Christ for all of you because your sayth is renewed in the whole world 7. Moreouer from the Apostle● tyme till this our present age the Church of Christ hath bin not only visible but also spread abroad knowne and most famous throughout diuers Kingdomes of the world as many historiographers aswell Ecclesiasticall as prophane doe testify and the worthy Cardinall C●sar Bar●●ius hath euidently declared and that not only throughout all ages but also euery S. Aug. Tom. 7. de vnit Ecc. cap. 7. yeare in so much that those who do not consent and agree heereunto are not only to be accounted Infidels but as S. Augustine speaketh very fitly and truely men out of their wittes CHAP. VI. Diuers other Arguments of our Aduersaries against the visible Church are confuted THE third argument of our Aduersaries wherby they impugne the visible Church is this The Holy Scripture compareth the Church to the Moone but the Moone doth often tymes not appeare as it hapneth in the new moone and in the Eclips I answere that we must not seeke for a similitude or likenesse in all thinges betwixt the Church and the moone for otherwise the Church of Christ should neyther see not vnderstand nor belieue and it should be altogeather without life as the Moone is But in this matter that similitude or liknesse betwixt the Church and the moone is only to be sought out in which the Scripture compareth the Church to the moone but the Scripture doth not compare the Church to the Moone as she is a mutable planet but as she is beautifull in her selfe Beautifull saith Cant. 6. v. 9. Salomon is the moone but in mutuability the Scriptur compareth a foole to the moone but not the Church A foole saith the Eccl. 27. v. 12. Wiseman is changed as the moone Moreouer the Church of Christ is not compared to euery moone but only to the moone Isa 60. v. 26. when she is in her fulnesse perfection yea to the moone which is neuer diminished nor fayleth hēce are those wordes of the Prophet Isay which Caluin acknowledgeth Cal. in illa verba are to be vnderstood of the Church Thy sunne shall neuermore be set and thy moone shall not be diminished or as Caluin translateth it shall not be hidden Lastly S. Iohn saith that the moone is vnder the feete of the Church that therby we may vnderstād that the Church of Christ by the vertue of the sunne to wit Christ himselfe where withall she is wholy inuested and Apo. 12. v. 1. adorned is free from all mutability in matters of faith 2. The fourth argument These thinges which we

a little after he reduceth the principall Cal. eodē c. 7. sect 4. infine sect 5. and chiefest certaynty of Scriptures and of our whole fayth to the particuler and priuate spirit of euery beleeuer The late Caluinists do put two grounds or rules of fayth to wit the Scripture and this priuate spirit But Catholikes do teach that neyther the Scripture alone is sufficient nor this priuate spirit togeather with the Scripture but moreouer the spirit and authority of the whole visible Church is necessary And this is the true state of of this question 8. We will therfore explicate foure things that this whole controuersy may more clearly be defined First what are the properties and conditions of the ground of fayth for by these the ground it selfe wil easily be knowne For euen as by the properties of a man it may be be knowen who is a true man and by the propirties of any other thing the thing it selfe many be knowne so by the properties of the ground of sayth the ground it selfe wil be knowne Secondly it shal be proued that the Scripture alone is not a sufficient ground or rule of fayth Thirdly that neyther any priuate spirit will suffice Fourthly that the authority of the Catholike Church is the most true ground and rule of fayth CHAP. II. The properties of the ground and rule of our fayth are alledged THERE are ten properties of the ground or rule of fayth and they are so manifest and certayne that none can doubt thereof The first is the continuall and neuer interrupted duration therof to the end of the world For euen as fayth and the Church do alwayes endure continue so must also the ground of fayth seing that nothing can consist without his foundation and ground 2. The second propertie is the most certayne and vndoubted truth therof in so much that it neyther can deceyue any nor be deceyued in any thing appertayning necessarily to saluation for otherwise it should be vncertaine and doubtfull yea also the fayth it selfe should be false and hurtfull vnto vs. 3. The third propertie is the certainty therof on our part For it is necessary that the true fayth be not only certayne in it selfe but also to vs. Because error and vncertaynty is ingendred in vs if the thing be ambiguously and obscurely proposed how certayne soeuer it be in it selfe 4. The fourth property is the strength immutability therof so that this ground can by no meanes be depraued changed or corrupted For otherwise truth will sometymes perish there will arise some error against fayth 5. The fifth property is the fullnesse sufficiency of those things which are to be belieued that is to say it must conteine all things appertayning to the Catholike fayth seeing that nothing can consist without his ground or foundation 6. The sixt property is the necessity therof that is to say it must necessarily be receaued of all who haue the true fayth and because without it true fayth cannot consist euen as the building cannot continue without the foundation 7. The seauenth property is that it is a manifest signe and token wherby Christians are distinguished from Infidells For he which wanteth the ground and rule of fayth is an Infidell but he who retayneth it is a true beleeuer 8. The eight property is that in euery article and conclusion of fayth this principle and ground is virtually conteyned seing that out of it all things are to be deduced they receiue their certaynty from it 9. The n●nth property is that it not only mooue Christians to belieue but that it also conuince the infidells For otherwise the way to faith and eternall saluation should not be knowne or open to Infidels 10. The tenth property is that it be conteyned expresly in the Apostles Creed wherein all the first groundes of our fayth are conteined for the Apostles after they had receiued the holy Ghost were not so forgetfull that in the Creed or Summary of fayth which they set downe to be belieued of all they would let passe the first and chiefest ground of fayth And thus much of the properties of the ground of fayth CHAP. III. That the Scripturealone is not the ground or rule of fayth THAT the Scripture alone is not the groūd of our fayth we haue already declared by the properties of the ground of fayth before alledged For of those ten properties the Scripture hath ōly one to wit Truth but al the other properties are wāting vnto it The which we clearly demōstrate in this sort First of all a perpetuall duration and continuance is wanting For the holy Scripture began first vnder the old Law in Moyses tyme wheras two thousand yeares before there were both true beleeuers and a Church In like manner in the new law the Apostles began to write some yeares after they had receiued the holy Ghost 2. Secondly the certaynty on our part Supr cōtro 1. c. 5. infra haccōt 6. cap. 15. is wanting seeing that we know not which is the Canonicall Scripture by the Scripture it selfe but by the authority of the Church as we haue proued before and will also more at large declare heereafter 3. Thirdly the foresaid strength immutability is wanting for euery part of the holy Scripture considered in it owne nature is subiect to many alterations and falsifications For it may be destroyed Supra Controu 1. cap. 4. it may be corrupted it may be wrested to contrary senses wherof we haue spoken before 4. Fourthly that fulnesse and sufficiency is wanting because all thinges necessary to saluation are not expressy cōtained Supr Cōtrouers 1. c. 26. sequ●nt in holy Scripture as we haue also declared before 5. Fiftly the foresaid necessity is wanting For without the holy Scripture there were in the law of Nature for the space of two thousand yeares many true belieuers And also long after Christ yea euen till the tyme of S. Irenaeus that is to say almost two hundred yeares there were many Nations who sincerely belieued Iren. lib. 3. cap. 4. in Christ without any holy Scripture as S. Irenaeus himselfe testifieth Lastly albeit Infidels should burne all the Bibles yet the faith of Christians should not therfore perish or be wholy ouerthrowne Therfore our faith doth not necessarily depend of the Scripture 6. Sixtly the seauenth property is also wanting for by the holy Scriptures the true Christians are not distinguished from Infidels because almost all Heretikes do both now receyue the holy Scriptures and in times past also receyued them 7. Seauenthly the eight propertie is wanting for there are many pointes of faith which rely vpon the Traditions of Supra Contr. 1. c. 26. 27. the Church only without any expresse Scripture at all as we haue declared before 8. Eightly the ninth property is wanting For Turkes and other Gentills who are only lead by naturall reason are very seldome or neuer conuerted by Scriptures only but we