by_o all_o but_o when_o the_o nation_n from_o the_o north_n like_o violent_a tempest_n overflow_v these_o south_n part_n it_o become_v subject_a to_o the_o scot_n for_o under_o the_o emperor_n honorius_n and_o arcadius_n as_o we_o read_v in_o orosius_n it_o be_v inhabit_v as_o well_o as_o ireland_n by_o the_o scottish_a nation_n and_o ninnius_n have_v write_v that_o one_o biule_n a_o scot_n be_v lord_n of_o it_o but_o as_o the_o same_o writer_n record_v the_o scot_n be_v drive_v out_o of_o all_o the_o british_a country_n and_o land_n by_o cuneda_n grandfather_n of_o maglocunus_fw-la who_o gildas_n for_o the_o foul_a work_n that_o he_o make_v in_o these_o land_n term_v the_o dragon_n of_o the_o iles._n after_o this_o edwin_n king_n of_o northumberland_n bring_v this_o island_n like_v as_o the_o foresay_a anglesey_n under_o the_o subjection_n of_o the_o english_a if_o we_o understand_v they_o both_o by_o the_o name_n of_o menaviae_fw-la as_o writer_n persuade_v we_o at_o which_o time_n it_o be_v reckon_v a_o island_n of_o the_o britan_n but_o when_o the_o north_n have_v send_v abroad_o his_o brood_n the_o second_o time_n i_o mean_v the_o norman_n dane_n and_o norwegian_n these_o norwegian_n who_o with_o their_o manifold_a robbery_n and_o rovery_n do_v most_o hurt_v from_o the_o northern_a sea_n take_v up_o their_o haunt_n into_o this_o island_n and_o the_o hebrides_n and_o therein_o erect_v lord_n and_o petty_a king_n who_o brief_a history_n i_o will_v here_o put_v down_o word_n for_o word_n out_o of_o a_o old_a manuscript_n lest_o it_o shall_v be_v utter_o lose_v which_o be_v entitle_v the_o chronicle_n of_o man_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v write_v by_o the_o monk_n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o russin_n which_o be_v the_o principal_a place_n of_o religion_n in_o this_o isle_n a_o chronicle_n of_o the_o king_n of_o man._n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la mlxv_o edward_n of_o bless_a memory_n king_n of_o england_n depart_v this_o life_n after_o who_o succeed_v in_o the_o kingdom_n harald_n the_o son_n of_o godwin_n against_o who_o harald_n harfager_n king_n of_o norway_n come_v into_o the_o field_n and_o fight_v a_o battle_n at_o stainford-bridge_n and_o the_o english_a obtain_v the_o victory_n put_v they_o all_o to_o flight_n out_o of_o which_o chase_n godr_v surname_v crovan_n the_o son_n of_o harald_n the_o black_a of_o iseland_n come_v unto_o godred_a the_o son_n of_o syrric_n who_o then_o reign_v in_o man_n and_o by_o he_o be_v honourable_o receive_v the_o same_o year_n william_n the_o bastard_z conquer_a england_n and_o godr_v the_o son_n of_o syrric_n die_v after_o who_o succeed_v his_o son_n fingal_n mlxvi_o godred_a crovan_n assemble_v a_o great_a fleet_n and_o come_v to_o man_n fight_v with_o the_o people_n of_o the_o land_n but_o be_v overcome_v and_o put_v to_o rout_n a_o second_o time_n he_o rally_v his_o force_n and_o his_o fleet_n sail_v into_o man_n join_v battle_n with_o the_o manksman_n be_v vanquish_v and_o drive_v out_o of_o the_o field_n a_o three_o time_n he_o gather_v a_o great_a multitude_n together_o and_o by_o night_n arrive_v in_o the_o haven_n call_v ramsa_n and_o hide_v three_o hundred_o man_n within_o a_o wood_n which_o stand_v upon_o the_o hang_a hollow_a brow_n of_o a_o hill_n call_v scacafel_n now_o when_o the_o sun_n be_v rise_v the_o manksman_n put_v their_o people_n in_o order_n of_o battle_n and_o with_o a_o violent_a charge_n encounter_v with_o godred_a and_o when_o the_o fight_n be_v hot_a those_o three_o hundred_o man_n start_v out_o of_o the_o ambush_n behind_o their_o back_n begin_v to_o foil_v the_o manksman_n and_o put_v they_o to_o the_o worst_a yea_o and_o force_v they_o to_o fly_v now_o when_o they_o see_v themselves_o discomfit_v and_o no_o place_n for_o they_o of_o refuge_n to_o escape_v for_o the_o sea_n water_n come_v in_o with_o the_o tide_n have_v fill_v the_o channel_n of_o ramsa_n river_n and_o the_o enemy_n on_o the_o other_o side_n follow_v the_o chase_n hard_o they_o that_o then_o remain_v alive_a take_v up_o a_o pitiful_a cry_n and_o beseech_v godr_v to_o save_v their_o life_n and_o he_o move_v with_o compassion_n pity_v their_o woeful_a calamity_n as_o who_o for_o a_o certain_a time_n have_v be_v nurse_v and_o bring_v up_o among_o they_o sound_v the_o retreat_n and_o forbid_v his_o host_n to_o pursue_v they_o any_o long_o gore_v the_o morrow_n after_o propose_v this_o choice_n unto_o his_o own_o army_n whether_o they_o will_v rather_o divide_v man_n among_o themselves_o and_o therein_o dwell_v or_o only_o take_v the_o substance_n and_o pillage_n of_o the_o country_n and_o so_o return_v unto_o their_o own_o home_n but_o they_o choose_v rather_o to_o waste_v and_o spoil_v the_o whole_a island_n and_o with_o the_o good_n thereof_o to_o enrich_v themselves_o and_o so_o return_v home_o but_o godred_a himself_o with_o those_o few_o islander_n that_o remain_v with_o he_o inhabit_v the_o south_n part_n of_o the_o island_n and_o grant_v to_o the_o remain_v of_o the_o manksman_n the_o north_n part_n with_o this_o covenant_n and_o condition_n that_o none_o of_o they_o shall_v at_o any_o time_n venture_v and_o presume_v to_o challenge_v any_o part_n of_o the_o land_n by_o right_a of_o inheritance_n whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o even_o unto_o this_o day_n the_o whole_a isle_n be_v the_o king_n domain_v alone_o and_o all_o the_o revenue_n thereof_o belong_v unto_o the_o crown_n godred_a then_o reduce_v dublin_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o leymistir_n under_o his_o subjection_n as_o for_o the_o western_a scottish_a he_o so_o overawe_v they_o as_o that_o no_o man_n who_o build_v ship_n or_o cog-boat_n dare_v drive_v into_o it_o above_o three_o nail_n now_o he_o reign_v 16._o year_n and_o die_v in_o the_o island_n that_o be_v call_v isle_n he_o leave_v behind_o he_o very_o three_o son_n lagman_n harald_n and_o olave_n lagman_n the_o elder_a take_v upon_o he_o the_o kingdom_n reign_v seven_o year_n and_o harald_n his_o brother_n a_o great_a while_n rebel_v against_o he_o but_o at_o length_n be_v take_v prisoner_n by_o lagman_n he_o have_v his_o member_n of_o generation_n cut_v off_o and_o his_o eye_n pluck_v out_o of_o his_o head_n after_o this_o lagman_n repent_v himself_o that_o he_o have_v pull_v out_o his_o brother_n eye_n give_v over_o the_o kingdom_n of_o his_o own_o accord_n and_o wear_v the_o badge_n of_o the_o lord_n cross_n take_v a_o journey_n to_o jerusalem_n in_o which_o he_o die_v mlxxu._n all_o the_o noble_n and_o lord_n of_o the_o island_n hear_v of_o the_o death_n of_o lagman_n dispatch_v their_o ambassador_n to_o murecard_n o-brien_n king_n of_o ireland_n request_v that_o he_o will_v send_v some_o industrious_a and_o worthy_a man_n of_o the_o blood_n royal_a to_o be_v their_o king_n until_o olave_n godreds_n son_n come_v to_o full_a age_n the_o king_n very_o willing_o yield_v to_o their_o request_n and_o send_v unto_o they_o one_o dopnald_n the_o son_n of_o tade_n warning_n and_o charge_v he_o to_o govern_v the_o kingdom_n which_o by_o right_o belong_v unto_o another_o with_o all_o gentleness_n and_o modesty_n but_o he_o after_o he_o be_v come_v to_o the_o crown_n not_o weigh_v of_o the_o charge_n that_o his_o lord_n and_o m._n give_v he_o abuse_v his_o place_n and_o lord_v with_o great_a tyranny_n and_o so_o commit_v many_o outrage_n and_o villainy_n reign_v cruel_o three_o year_n then_o all_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o land_n agree_v together_o in_o one_o conspiracy_n rise_v up_o against_o he_o and_o expel_v he_o out_o of_o their_o coast_n who_o flee_v into_o ireland_n and_o never_o look_v they_o in_o the_o face_n after_o mlxxvii_o one_o ingemund_n be_v send_v from_o the_o king_n of_o norway_n to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o land_n and_o when_o he_o be_v come_v to_o the_o isle_n leodus_fw-la he_o send_v messenger_n to_o all_o the_o noble_n of_o the_o land_n with_o a_o commandment_n that_o they_o shall_v meet_v together_o and_o ordain_v he_o their_o king_n mean_a while_n himself_o with_o his_o companion_n do_v nothing_o else_o but_o rob_v spoil_n make_v good_a cheer_n and_o banquet_n dishonour_n and_o abuse_v marry_v wife_n deflower_v young_a maiden_n yea_o and_o give_v himself_o over_o to_o filthy_a pleasure_n and_o fleshly_a lust_n but_o when_o tiding_n hereof_o come_v to_o the_o noble_n of_o the_o land_n now_o assemble_v to_o make_v he_o king_n they_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n with_o furious_a wrath_n and_o speed_v themselves_o in_o all_o haste_n towards_o he_o and_o surprise_v he_o in_o the_o night_n burn_v the_o house_n wherein_o he_o be_v and_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n make_v a_o quick_a dispatch_n of_o he_o and_o his_o company_n mxcviii_o the_o abbey_n of_o s._n mary_n at_o cistertium_n or_o cisteaux_n be_v found_v antioch_n be_v win_v by_o the_o christian_n and_o a_o
extensum_fw-la quò_fw-la latiùs_fw-la volat_fw-la britanniae_fw-la nomen_fw-la camdene_n augustior_fw-la tantò_fw-la tibi_fw-la sacro_fw-la adorea_fw-la in_o memoriae_fw-la exstabit_fw-la altari_fw-la tam_fw-la nominis_fw-la cari_fw-la est_fw-la litasse_fw-la regnorum_fw-la famae_fw-la inclytasque_fw-la protulisse_fw-la virtutes_fw-la caspar_n dornavius_fw-la d._n in_o britanniam_fw-la redivivam_fw-la ri._n parker_n caio-gonvil_a carmen_fw-la congratulatorium_fw-la salve_fw-la gratae_fw-la redis_fw-la memorandum_fw-la britannia_fw-la terris_fw-la quam_fw-la juvat_fw-la e_fw-la tenebris_fw-la exiliisse_fw-la tuis_fw-la fallor_fw-la a_o antiquo_fw-la mutatus_fw-la sistor_n in_o orb_n aut_fw-la te_fw-la dum_fw-la relego_fw-la secla_fw-la priora_fw-la lego_fw-la fallor_fw-la a_o arthuros_fw-la egbertos_n cassibelinos_fw-la cerno_fw-la redivivos_fw-la ducere_fw-la castra_fw-la sua_fw-la fallor_fw-la a_o hîc_fw-la acies_fw-la saevae_fw-la certare_fw-la solebant_fw-la hîc_fw-la offa_n hîc_fw-la rigidus_fw-la tendere_fw-la penda_fw-la solet_fw-la festino_n nimium_fw-la quae_fw-la qualia_fw-la quantaque_fw-la cerno_fw-la surgere_fw-la sacra_fw-la deo_fw-la moenia_fw-la templa_fw-la domus_fw-la quêis_fw-la hic_fw-la normannis_fw-la donari_fw-la praedia_fw-la legi_fw-la vnde_fw-la sequens_fw-la soboles_fw-la nomen_fw-la &_o omen_fw-la habet_fw-la sed_fw-la quot_fw-la cerno_fw-la domus_fw-la orbatas_fw-la stirpe_fw-la vetusta_fw-la heu_fw-la quas_fw-la dilapidant_fw-la alea_fw-la vina_fw-la venus_n ut_fw-la vidi_fw-la ut_fw-la dolui_fw-la novus_fw-la ut_fw-la nunc_fw-la sedibus_fw-la hospes_fw-la diceret_fw-la haec_fw-la mea_fw-la sunt_fw-la into_fw-mi coloni_fw-la vetus_fw-la quis_fw-la genius_fw-la talem_fw-la veneranda_fw-la britannia_fw-la nobis_fw-la esse_fw-la velit_fw-la reducem_fw-la quo_fw-la deuce_fw-la tanta_fw-la refer_v scilicet_fw-la hoc_fw-la debes_fw-la camdeno_fw-la agnoscó_n parentem_fw-la et_fw-la genium_fw-la cujus_fw-la te_fw-la tibi_fw-la reddit_fw-la amor_fw-la foelix_fw-la ipse_fw-la svo_fw-la libro_fw-la foelicior_fw-la ipsa_fw-la praeconem_fw-la talem_fw-la laudis_fw-la habere_fw-la tuus_fw-la plus_fw-fr loquar_fw-la a_o sileam_fw-la video_fw-la tantum_fw-la instar_fw-la in_o ipso_fw-la quas_fw-la musas_fw-la vocitem_fw-la sed_fw-la mea_fw-la musa_fw-la sile_z parcus_n amor_fw-la loquor_fw-la major_a stupefactus_fw-la adegit_fw-la mirari_fw-la hoc_fw-la tacitè_fw-fr nec_fw-la scio_fw-la solus_fw-la opus_fw-la in_o britanniam_fw-la à _fw-la guil._n camdene_n illustratam_fw-la f._n aderb_n carmen_fw-la pictus_fw-la atrox_n hebridas_fw-la glacialem_fw-la scotus_n hibernem_fw-la moverat_fw-la attacotus_fw-la vararim_n saxoque_fw-la visurgim_fw-la conjunctis_fw-la armis_fw-la animisque_fw-la excindere_fw-la gentes_fw-la subruere_fw-la eximias_fw-la cumulatis_fw-la cladibus_fw-la urbes_fw-la atque_fw-la britannorum_fw-la nomen_fw-la demergere_fw-la bellis_fw-la ut_fw-la tamen_fw-la emergant_fw-la quae_fw-la sunt_fw-la immersa_fw-la ruinis_fw-la et_fw-la decus_fw-la antiquum_fw-la rediviva_fw-la britannia_fw-la cernat_fw-la ecce_fw-la vetustatem_fw-la camdenius_fw-la eruit_fw-la omnem_fw-la magnarum_fw-la rerum_fw-la scrutatus_fw-la magna_fw-la sepulchra_fw-la submovit_fw-la cineres_fw-la nigrantes_fw-la dispulit_fw-la umbras_fw-la inque_fw-la prius_fw-la retrò_fw-la studiis_fw-la se_fw-la contulit_fw-la aevum_fw-la contulit_fw-la atque_fw-la decus_fw-la patriaeque_fw-la sibique_fw-la labour_v in_o antiquam_fw-la camdeni_n britanniam_fw-la h._n n._n l._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d prisca_n britannorum_fw-la delevit_fw-la nomina_fw-la tempus_fw-la antiquas_fw-la urbes_fw-la exitioque_fw-la dedit_fw-la cuncta_fw-la triumphato_fw-la camdenus_fw-la tempore_fw-la reddit_fw-la ingenio_fw-la priscum_fw-la restituitque_fw-la decus_fw-la ingenio_fw-la cedat_fw-la tempus_fw-la cedatque_fw-la vetustas_fw-la ingenium_fw-la majus_fw-la tempore_fw-la robur_fw-la habet_fw-la ad_fw-la eundem_fw-la errabat_fw-la quaerens_fw-la antiqua_fw-la britannia_fw-la lumen_fw-la at_o camdene_n tuam_fw-la vivit_fw-la ut_fw-la illa_fw-la domum_fw-la invenit_fw-la lumen_fw-la mansit_fw-la cupiensque_fw-la poliri_fw-la hospes_fw-la ait_fw-la mihi_fw-la sis_fw-la qui_fw-la mihi_fw-la lumen_fw-la eris_fw-la i._o w_n in_o praise_n of_o the_o translator_n camden_n unto_o the_o learned_a do_v discover_v what_o holland_n to_o the_o whol-land_n do_v recite_v who_o can_v but_o read_v a_o english_a author_n over_o may_v thereby_o reap_v much_o profit_n with_o delight_n view_v the_o manner_n law_n rite_n situation_n of_o his_o own_o native_a soil_n explain_v so_o well_o with_o all_o can_v be_v desire_v of_o british_a nation_n that_o now_o great_a britain_n have_v no_o parallel_n so_o rich_o deck_v that_o her_o fair_a beauteous_a blaze_n by_o matchless_a art_n of_o thy_o industrious_a spirit_n adorn_v the_o world_n like_o phoebus_n golden_a ray_n thou_o and_o thy_o work_n eternal_a fame_n do_v merit_n anagr._fw-la thou_o onli-homland-help_a in_o admiration_n like_o that_o rare_a berklâ—_n phoenix_n cause_n of_o this_o translation_n thomas_n meriell_n master_n of_o arts._n son_n of_o the_o translator_n what_o camden_n write_v for_o profit_n and_o delight_n of_o british_a isle_n of_o blessing_n which_o have_v store_n in_o latian_a language_n for_o each_o learned_a spirit_n to_o reap_v such_o fruit_n as_o pass_v peruvian_n over_o this_o holland_n have_v at_o suit_n of_o learned_a dame_n with_o pain_n transfuse_v into_o our_o vulgar_a speech_n his_o care_n of_o common_a good_a deserve_v that_o fame_n which_o unto_o late_a posterity_n shall_v reach_v wherefore_o all_o worthy_a wight_n which_o do_v take_v pleasure_n to_o know_v the_o story_n of_o their_o country_n sweet_a ought_v kind_o to_o accept_v this_o so_o great_a treasure_n and_o yield_v those_o thanks_n to_o the_o author_n which_o be_v meet_v i_o like_v his_o pen_n and_o judgement_n eke_o no_o less_o for_o make_v choice_n of_o such_o a_o patroness_n henry_n stanford_n master_n of_o arts._n in_o honour_n of_o the_o translator_n the_o pen_n unspoild_v though_o wear_v beyond_o a_o pen_n the_o hand_n unwearied_a though_o with_o toil_n oppress_v the_o head_n disease_v for_o ease_n of_o englishman_n yet_o still_o hold_v out_o in_o motion_n here_o do_v rest_n they_o rest_v in_o motion_n restless_a nest_n be_v that_o yet_o that_o be_v the_o rest_n thy_o pen_n thy_o hand_n thy_o head_n dear_a holland_n have_v which_o all_o untired_a translate_v the_o great_a volume_n great_a brain_n have_v breed_v life_n be_v so_o short_a as_o from_o the_o birth_n to_o beer_n be_v but_o a_o span_n all_o time_n may_v well_o admire_v how_o so_o much_o may_v be_v only_o write_v here_o where_o toil_n make_v that_o short_a life_n more_o soon_o expire_v have_v i_o a_o angel_n tongue_n or_o else_o a_o pen_n make_v of_o his_o pinion_v may_v i_o judge_v of_o thou_o i_o shall_v so_o speak_v and_o write_v that_o god_n and_o man_n shall_v see_v a_o miracle_n of_o thou_o through_o i_o for_o nature_n work_v but_o still_o to_o hold_v her_o state_n and_o for_o that_o work_n alone_o neglect_v all_o but_o thy_o work_n do_v her_o power_n in_o thou_o abate_v for_o other_o good_a that_o be_v supernatural_a so_o thou_o be_v a_o miracle_n of_o man_n for_o man_n yet_o if_o this_o miracle_n be_v think_v untrue_a to_o thy_o good_a heart_n from_o thy_o head_n hand_n and_o pen_n give_v what_o be_v right_a and_o then_o all_o be_v but_o due_a to_o count_v the_o volume_n most_o voluminous_a which_o thou_o translate_a haste_n with_o care_n past_a care_n and_o art_n past_a art_n be_v but_o superfluous_a for_o all_o do_v know_v they_o since_o they_o famous_a be_v natures_fw-fr great_a secretary_n thou_o do_v teach_v to_o speak_v such_o english_a as_o though_o he_o be_v high_a in_o cloudy-matter_n english_a eye_n may_v reach_v his_o high_a pitch_n that_o try_v the_o eagle's_n eye_n the_o roman_a most_o renown_a historian_n trajan_n great_a masterâ—_n moral_n boundless_a book_n smooth_a tranquill_n and_o the_o rugged_a ammian_n thou_o make_v as_o smooth_a to_o speak_v as_o venus_n look_v and_o for_o thy_o last_o but_o so_o it_o can_v be_v if_o life_n do_v last_o for_o still_o thou_o will_v be_v do_v here_o be_v a_o work_n translate_v now_o by_o thou_o for_o which_o we_o long_v the_o learned_a have_v be_v woo_v in_o this_o through_o thou_o we_o see_v as_o in_o a_o glass_n the_o wrinkle_a face_n of_o grave_a antiqvitie_n thy_o pass_a author_n here_o himself_o do_v pass_v over_o who_o thou_o raign'_v while_o he_o do_v subject_a lie_n camden_n who_o fame_n nor_o sea_n nor_o land_n can_v bind_v yet_o they_o best_o know_v he_o far_o from_o our_o ken_n for_o english_a lest_o do_v know_v his_o voice_n sound_v be_v make_v more_o famous_a by_o thy_o famous_a pen_n for_o now_o the_o english_a know_v his_o worthiness_n his_o countryman_n now_o see_v he_o as_o he_o be_v before_o they_o at_o his_o virtue_n can_v but_o guess_v and_o guess_v by_o artless_a aim_n that_o often_o miss_v yet_o man_n of_o art_n behold_v for_o all_o this_o all_o how_o thou_o be_v subject_a that_o deserve_v to_o reign_v in_o all_o man_n love_n to_o hate_v of_o great_a and_o small_a that_o to_o be_v learn_v alone_o take_v envious_a pain_n who_o seek_v for_o knowledge_n only_o to_o be_v know_v for_o who_o know_v most_o be_v know_v still_o most_o of_o all_o they_o deem_v wit_n folly_n that_o to_o all_o be_v show_v and_o goodness_n badness_n hold_v if_o general_a who_o know_v the_o voice_n of_o envy_n they_o do_v know_v for_o envy_n speak_v but_o only_o by_o their_o tongue_n who_o be_v a_o devil_n speak_v she_o care_v not_o
consular_a or_o proconsular_a deputy_n but_o be_v count_v it_o praesidialis_fw-la and_o appropriate_a to_o the_o caesar_n as_o be_v a_o province_n annex_v unto_o the_o roman_a empire_n after_o the_o division_n of_o province_n ordain_v by_o augustus_n and_o have_v propretor_n of_o their_o own_o afterward_o when_o as_o constantinus_n maximus_n have_v set_v down_o a_o new_a form_n of_o commonweal_n under_o a_o perfect_a or_o provost_n of_o praetor_n degree_n of_o gaul_n there_o be_v set_v over_o it_o a_o vicegerent_n and_o together_o with_o he_o in_o matter_n of_o war_n the_o â—5_n count_n or_o earl_n of_o britan_n a_o earl_n or_o count_n of_o the_o saxony_n coast_n by_o britan_n and_o a_o duke_n or_o general_n of_o britan_n beside_o precedent_n auditor_n or_o receiver_n &_o such_o other_o moreover_o out_o of_o those_o 29._o legion_n which_o the_o roman_n have_v appoint_v through_o their_o imperial_a government_n three_o of_o they_o lay_v in_o garrison_n to_o restrain_v that_o province_n to_o wit_n the_o second_o legion_n augusta_n the_o six_o legion_n victrix_fw-la &_o the_o twenty_o victrix_fw-la but_o this_o be_v mean_v of_o the_o time_n of_o severus_n for_o before_o we_o learn_v out_o of_o author_n that_o other_o legion_n there_o be_v and_o more_o in_o number_n and_o although_o strabo_n write_v that_o there_o be_v need_n of_o no_o more_o than_o one_o band_n of_o soldier_n to_o the_o keep_n of_o britain_n in_o subjection_n yet_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o claudius_n there_o be_v place_v here_o the_o second_o legion_n augusta_n the_o nine_o legion_n hispaniensis_n &_o the_o fourteen_o name_v gemina_n martia_n victrix_fw-la yea_o and_o about_o the_o time_n of_o vespasian_n josephus_n show_v that_o four_o legion_n serve_v in_o this_o island_n britain_n say_v he_o be_v compass_v about_o with_o the_o ocean_n and_o almost_o as_o big_a as_o our_o world_n the_o roman_n there_o inhabit_v have_v bring_v it_o under_o their_o dominion_n and_o four_o legion_n do_v keep_v in_o subjection_n a_o island_n people_v with_o so_o great_a a_o multitude_n yoke_n and_o doubtless_o the_o stand_a guard_n and_o camp_n of_o legion_n and_o roman_a soldier_n be_v many_o time_n the_o seminary_n as_o it_o be_v and_o seed-plot_n of_o city_n and_o town_n as_o in_o other_o province_n so_o also_o in_o this_o our_o britan._n thus_o be_v the_o yoke_n of_o subjection_n lay_v upon_o the_o britan_n first_o by_o a_o garrison_n of_o soldier_n which_o always_o with_o terror_n be_v ready_a to_o command_v the_o inhabitant_n afterward_o by_o tribute_n and_o impost_n and_o in_o that_o respect_n force_v they_o be_v to_o have_v publican_n that_o be_v to_o say_v greedy_a cormorant_n and_o horsleeche_n who_o suck_v their_o blood_n confiscate_v their_o good_n and_o exact_v tribute_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o dead_a neither_o be_v they_o permit_v to_o use_v the_o ancient_a law_n of_o their_o country_n but_o magistrate_n be_v send_v from_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n with_o absolute_a power_n and_o commission_n to_o minister_v justice_n even_o in_o capital_a matter_n protribunal_n for_o province_n have_v propretor_n lieutenant_n precedent_n praetor_n and_o proconsul_n every_o city_n also_o and_o state_n have_v their_o municipal_a magistrate_n the_o praetor_n proclaim_v yearly_a solemn_a session_n and_o assize_n at_o which_o he_o determine_v the_o weighty_a cause_n sit_v aloft_o upon_o a_o high_a tribunal_n seat_n and_o guard_v with_o his_o lictor_n about_o he_o proud_o execute_v he_o his_o jurisdiction_n rod_n and_o whip_a cheer_n be_v present_v to_o the_o back_n the_o axe_n and_o head_v to_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o common_a people_n and_o every_o year_n they_o be_v force_v to_o receive_v one_o new_a ruler_n or_o other_o allot_v unto_o they_o neither_o be_v this_o sufficient_a they_o maintain_v discord_n and_o disscention_n among_o they_o some_o also_o they_o favour_v among_o the_o rest_n that_o they_o may_v have_v they_o to_o be_v the_o instrument_n of_o this_o their_o servitude_n this_o yoke_n of_o the_o roman_n although_o it_o be_v grievous_a yet_o comfortable_a it_o prove_v and_o a_o save_a health_n unto_o they_o for_o that_o healthsome_a light_n of_o jesus_n christ_n shine_v withal_o upon_o the_o britan_n whereof_o more_o hereafter_o and_o the_o brightness_n of_o that_o most_o glorious_a empire_n chase_v away_o all_o savage_a barbarism_n from_o the_o britan_n mind_n like_v as_o from_o other_o nation_n who_o it_o have_v subdue_v for_o rome_n as_o say_v rutilius_n legiferis_fw-la mundum_fw-la complexa_fw-la triumphis_fw-la foedere_fw-la communi_fw-la vivere_fw-la cuncta_fw-la facit_fw-la compass_a the_o world_n with_o triumph_n bring_v law_n and_o all_o to_o live_v in_o common_a league_n do_v cause_n and_o in_o another_o place_n speak_v unto_o the_o same_o rome_n most_o true_o and_o in_o right_a elegant_a verse_n fecisti_fw-la patriam_fw-la diversis_fw-la gentibus_fw-la unam_fw-la profuit_fw-la injustis_fw-la te_fw-la dominante_fw-la capi_fw-la dumque_fw-la offer_n victis_fw-la proprii_fw-la consortia_fw-la juris_fw-la urbem_fw-la fecisti_fw-la quod_fw-la prius_fw-la orbis_fw-la erat_fw-la thou_o have_v of_o divers_a nation_n one_o entire_a country_n frame_v happy_a it_o be_v for_o lawless_a folk_n that_o they_o by_o thou_o be_v tame_v for_o offer_v use_n to_o they_o subdue_v of_o thy_o own_o proper_a lore_n one_o civil_a state_n rhou_n make_v of_o that_o which_o be_v wild_a world_n before_o for_o to_o say_v nothing_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o province_n the_o roman_n have_v bring_v over_o colony_n hither_o and_o reduce_v the_o natural_a inhabitant_n of_o the_o island_n unto_o the_o society_n of_o civil_a life_n by_o train_v they_o up_o in_o the_o liberal_a art_n and_o by_o send_v they_o into_o gaul_n for_o to_o learn_v perfect_o the_o law_n of_o the_o roman_n whereupon_o juvenal_n gallia_n causidicos_fw-la docui_fw-la facunda_fw-la britannos_fw-la gaul_n eloquent_a of_o britan_n have_v good_a plead_n lawyer_n make_v govern_v they_o with_o their_o law_n and_o frame_v they_o to_o good_a manner_n and_o behaviour_n so_o as_o in_o their_o diet_n and_o apparel_n they_o be_v not_o inferior_a to_o any_o other_o province_n britain_n they_o furnish_v they_o also_o with_o goodly_a house_n and_o stately_a building_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o the_o relic_n and_o rubbish_n of_o their_o ruin_n do_v cause_n the_o beholder_n now_o exceed_o to_o admire_v the_o same_o and_o the_o common_a sort_n of_o people_n do_v plain_o say_v these_o roman_a work_n be_v make_v by_o giant_n who_o in_o the_o north_n part_n they_o use_v to_o call_v in_o their_o vulgar_a tongue_n eaton_n for_o heathen_n if_o i_o be_v not_o deceive_v or_o ethnic_n roman_n certes_o they_o be_v work_n of_o exceed_v great_a admiration_n and_o sumptuous_a magnificence_n but_o especial_o the_o pict_n wall_n whereof_o i_o will_v write_v more_o in_o due_a place_n and_o those_o causey_n throughout_o the_o whole_a land_n a_o wonderful_a piece_n of_o work_n what_o with_o drain_n and_o dry_v up_o the_o mere_n in_o some_o place_n and_o what_o with_o cast_v up_o bank_n where_o low_a valley_n be_v in_o other_o so_o â—ensed_v and_o pave_v with_o stone_n and_o withal_o of_o that_o breadth_n that_o they_o can_v well_o receive_v and_o with_o room_n enough_o wane_v meet_v one_o the_o other_o now_o what_o manner_n of_o causey_n these_o be_v let_v gallene_n tell_v you_o the_o way_n medend_a quoth_v he_o trajanus_n repair_v by_o pave_v with_o stone_n or_o raise_v with_o bank_n cast_v up_o such_o piece_n of_o they_o as_o be_v moist_a and_o miry_a by_o stocking_n up_o and_o rid_v such_o as_o be_v rough_a and_o overgrow_v with_o bush_n and_o brier_n by_o make_v bridge_n over_o river_n that_o can_v not_o be_v wade_v through_o where_o the_o way_n seem_v long_o than_o need_v by_o cut_v out_o another_o short_a if_o any_o where_o by_o reason_n of_o some_o steep_a hill_n the_o passage_n be_v hard_a and_o uneasy_a by_o turn_v it_o aside_o through_o easy_a place_n now_o in_o case_n it_o be_v haunt_v with_o wild_a beast_n or_o lay_v waist_n and_o desert_n by_o draw_v it_o from_o thence_o thoough_a place_n inhabit_v and_o withal_o by_o lay_v level_n all_o uneven_a and_o rugged_a ground_n but_o now_o adays_o these_o of_o we_o be_v dismember_v as_o it_o be_v and_o cut_v one_o piece_n from_o another_o in_o some_o place_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o country_n people_n dig_v out_o gravel_n from_o thence_o and_o scarce_o to_o be_v see_v yet_o elsewhere_o lead_v through_o pasture_n and_o by-ground_n out_o of_o the_o ride_v way_n the_o bank_n be_v so_o high_a that_o evident_o they_o show_v themselves_o these_o causey_n or_o street-way_n the_o roman_n call_v vias_n consulares_fw-la regias_fw-la praetorias_fw-la militares_fw-la publicas_fw-la cursus_fw-la publicos_fw-la and_o actus_fw-la as_o it_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o ulpian_n and_o julius_n frontinus_n ammianus_n marcellinus_n term_v they_o aggeres_fw-la itinerarios_fw-la &_o publicos_fw-la sidonius_n apollinaris_n aggeres_fw-la and_o tellures_fw-la
artificial_o arch_v over_o head_n for_o they_o be_v the_o lurk_a hole_n of_o whore_n and_o thief_n he_o level_v with_o the_o ground_n the_o ditch_n of_o the_o city_n and_o certain_a den_n into_o which_o malefactor_n flee_v as_o unto_o place_n of_o refuge_n but_o the_o whole_a tile_n and_o stone_n which_o he_o find_v fit_a for_o building_n he_o lay_v aside_o near_o unto_o the_o bank_n they_o do_v light_a upon_o plank_n of_o oak_n with_o nail_n drive_v into_o they_o cement_v with_o stone-pitch_n also_o the_o tackle_n and_o furniture_n of_o ship_n as_o anchor_n half_o eat_v with_o rust_n and_o oar_n of_o fir_n a_o little_a after_o he_o write_v eadmer_n his_o successor_n go_v forward_o with_o the_o work_n that_o ealfred_n begin_v and_o his_o pioner_n overthrow_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o palace_n in_o the_o mid_n of_o the_o old_a city_n and_o in_o the_o hollow_a place_n of_o a_o wall_n as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o little_a closet_n they_o happen_v upon_o book_n cover_v with_o oaken_a board_n and_o silken_a string_n at_o they_o whereof_o one_o contain_v the_o life_n of_o saint_n alban_n write_v in_o the_o british_a tongue_n the_o rest_n the_o ceremony_n of_o the_o heathen_a when_o they_o open_v the_o ground_n deep_o they_o meet_v with_o old_a table_n of_o stone_n with_o tile_n also_o and_o pillar_n likewise_o with_o pitcher_n and_o pot_n of_o earth_n make_v by_o potter_n and_o turner_n work_n vessel_n moreover_o of_o glass_n contain_v the_o ash_n of_o the_o dead_a etc._n etc._n to_o conclude_v out_o of_o these_o remain_v of_o verulam_n eadmer_n build_v a_o new_a monastery_n to_o saint_n alban_n thus_o much_o for_o the_o antiquity_n and_o dignity_n of_o verulam_n now_o have_v also_o with_o you_o for_o a_o overdeale_a in_o the_o commendation_n of_o verulam_n a_o verse_n hexastich_n of_o alexander_n necham_n who_o 400._o year_n since_o be_v there_o bear_v urbs_fw-la infignis_fw-la erat_fw-la verolamia_n plus_fw-la operosae_fw-la arti_fw-la naturae_fw-la debuit_fw-la illa_fw-la minus_fw-la pendragon_n arthuri_fw-la patris_fw-la haec_fw-la obsessa_fw-la laborem_fw-la septennem_fw-la sprevit_fw-la cive_z superba_fw-la svo_fw-la hic_fw-la est_fw-la martyrii_fw-la roseo_fw-la decoratus_fw-la honore_fw-la albanus_n civis_fw-la inclyta_fw-la roma_fw-la tuus_fw-la the_o famous_a town_n whilom_o call_v verolam_n to_o nature_n ought_v less_o than_o to_o painful_a art_n when_o arthur_n sire_n pendragon_n against_o it_o come_v with_o force_n of_o arm_n to_o work_v her_o people_n smart_n his_o seven_o year_n siege_n do_v never_o daunt_v their_o heart_n here_o alban_n gain_v the_o crown_n of_o martyrdom_n thy_o citizen_n sometime_o o_o noble_a rome_n and_o in_o another_o passage_n hic_fw-la locus_fw-la aetatis_fw-la nostrae_fw-la primordia_fw-la novit_fw-la annos_fw-la foelices_fw-la latitiaeque_fw-la dies_fw-la hic_fw-la locus_fw-la ingenuus_fw-la pueriles_fw-la imbuit_fw-la annos_fw-la artibus_fw-la &_o nostrae_fw-la laudis_fw-la origo_fw-la fuit_fw-la hic_fw-la locus_fw-la insignis_fw-la magnósque_fw-la creavit_fw-la alumnos_fw-la foelix_fw-la eximio_fw-la martyr_n gente_fw-la situ_fw-la militat_fw-la hîc_fw-la christo_fw-la noctéque_fw-la dieque_fw-la labori_fw-la invigilans_fw-la sancto_fw-la religiosa_fw-la cohors_fw-la this_o be_v the_o place_n that_o knowledge_n take_v of_o my_o nativity_n my_o happy_a year_n my_o day_n also_o of_o mirth_n and_o jollity_n this_o place_n my_o childhood_n train_v up_o in_o all_o art_n liberal_a and_o lay_v the_o groundwork_n of_o my_o name_n and_o skill_n poetical_a this_o place_n great_a and_o renown_a clerk_n into_o the_o world_n have_v send_v for_o martyr_n blessed_v for_o nation_n for_o site_n all_o excellent_a a_o troop_n here_o of_o religious_a man_n serve_v christ_n both_o night_n and_o day_n in_o holy_a warfare_n take_v pain_n due_o to_o watch_v and_o pray_v alban_n verolamium_n at_o this_o day_n be_v turn_v into_o field_n the_o town_n of_o saint_n alban_n raise_v out_o of_o the_o ruin_n thereof_o flourish_v a_o fair_a town_n and_o a_o large_a and_o the_o church_n of_o that_o monastery_n remain_v yet_o for_o bigness_n beauty_n and_o antiquity_n to_o be_v have_v in_o admiration_n which_o when_o the_o monk_n be_v thrust_v out_o of_o it_o be_v by_o the_o townsman_n redeem_v with_o the_o sum_n of_o 400._o pound_n of_o our_o money_n that_o it_o may_v not_o be_v lay_v even_o with_o the_o ground_n and_o so_o it_o become_v convert_v into_o a_o parish_n church_n and_o have_v in_o it_o a_o very_a goodly_a font_n of_o solid_a brass_n wherein_o the_o king_n child_n of_o scotland_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v baptise_a which_o font_n sir_n richard_n lea_n knight_n master_n of_o the_o pioner_n bring_v as_o a_o spoil_n out_o of_o the_o scottish_a war_n and_o give_v unto_o the_o say_a church_n with_o this_o lofty_a and_o arrogant_a inscription_n cum_fw-la laethia_n oppidum_n apud_fw-la scotos_o non_fw-fr in_o celebre_fw-la et_fw-la edinburgus_n primaria_fw-la apud_fw-la eos_n civitas_n incendio_fw-la conflagrarent_fw-la richardus_fw-la leus_fw-la eques_fw-la auratus_fw-la menander_n flammis_fw-la ereptum_fw-la ad_fw-la anglos_n perduxit_fw-la huius_fw-la ego_fw-la tanti_fw-la beneficii_fw-la memor_n non_fw-fr nisi_fw-la regum_fw-la liberos_fw-la lavare_fw-la solitus_fw-la nunc_fw-la meam_fw-la operam_fw-la etiam_fw-la infimis_fw-la anglorum_fw-la libenter_fw-la condixi_fw-la leus_n victor_n sic_fw-la voluit_fw-la vale_fw-la anno_fw-la domini_fw-la m.d.xliii_o et_fw-la anno_fw-la regni_fw-la henrici_fw-la octavi_fw-la xxxvi_o when_o leeth_n a_o town_n of_o good_a account_n among_o the_o scot_n and_o edinbrough_n their_o chief_a city_n be_v on_o fire_n sir_n richard_n lea_n knight_n save_v i_o from_o burn_a and_o bring_v i_o into_o england_n and_o i_o be_v mindful_a of_o this_o so_o great_a a_o benefit_n whereas_o before_o i_o be_v wont_a to_o serve_v for_o baptise_v of_o none_o but_o king_n child_n have_v now_o willing_o offer_v my_o service_n even_o to_o the_o mean_a of_o the_o english_a nation_n lea_n the_o victor_n will_v have_v it_o so_o farewell_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n m._n d._n xliii_o and_o of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o xxxvi_o but_o to_o the_o matter_n as_o antiquity_n consecrate_v this_o place_n to_o be_v a_o altar_n of_o religion_n so_o mars_n also_o may_v seem_v to_o have_v destine_v it_o for_o the_o very_a plot_n of_o bloody_a battle_n for_o to_o let_v other_o particular_n go_v by_o when_o england_n under_o the_o two_o house_n of_o lancaster_n and_o york_n bereave_v as_o it_o be_v of_o vital_a breath_n be_v ready_a through_o civil_a war_n to_o sink_v down_o and_o fall_v in_o a_o sound_n 1455._o the_o chief_a captain_n of_o both_o side_n join_v battle_n twice_o with_o reciprocal_a variety_n of_o fortune_n in_o the_o very_a town_n first_o richard_n duke_z of_o york_n give_v the_o lancastrian_n here_o a_o sore_a overthrow_n take_v king_n henry_n the_o six_o captive_a and_o slay_v many_o honourable_a personage_n four_o year_n after_o the_o lancastrian_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o queen_n margaret_n win_v here_o the_o field_n put_v the_o house_n of_o york_n to_o flight_n and_o restore_v the_o king_n to_o his_o former_a liberty_n about_o this_o town_n that_o i_o may_v let_v pass_v the_o mount_n or_o fortification_n which_o the_o common_a sort_n use_v to_o call_v oister-hil_n and_o i_o take_v to_o have_v be_v the_o camp_n of_o ostorius_n the_o famous_a lieutenant_n of_o britain_n the_o abbat_n in_o a_o pious_a and_o devout_a intent_n erect_v a_o little_a nunnery_n at_o sopwell_n meadow_n and_o saint_n julian_n hospital_n for_o lepres_n and_o another_o name_v saint_n mary_n de_fw-fr pray_o for_o disease_a woman_n near_o unto_o which_o they_o have_v a_o great_a manor_n name_v gorumbery_a where_o sir_n nicholas_n bacon_n lord_n keeper_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n build_v a_o house_n beseem_v his_o place_n and_o calling_n to_o this_o adjoin_v redborn_n which_o be_v by_o interpretation_n redwater_n and_o yet_o the_o water_n run_v thereby_o from_o mergrate_a sometime_o a_o religious_a house_n now_o a_o seat_n of_o the_o ferrer_n out_o of_o the_o house_n of_o groby_n be_v no_o more_o red_a than_o be_v the_o red-sea_n redborn_n this_o redborne_n in_o time_n past_a be_v a_o place_n renown_a and_o resort_v unto_o in_o regard_n of_o amphibalus_fw-la the_o martyr_n relic_n here_o find_v who_o instruct_v saint_n alban_n in_o the_o christian_a faith_n and_o for_o christ_n sake_n suffer_v death_n under_o dioclesian_n at_o this_o day_n well_o know_v for_o that_o it_o be_v seat_v upon_o that_o common_a and_o military_a highway_n which_o we_o call_v watling-streete_n and_o have_v hard_a by_o wenmer_n call_v also_o womer_n a_o brook_n that_o never_o break_v out_o and_o rise_v but_o it_o foretell_v dearth_n and_o scarcity_n of_o corn_n or_o else_o some_o extremity_n of_o dangerous_a time_n as_o the_o vulgar_a people_n do_v very_o believe_v never_o unto_o this_o redborn_n i_o have_v some_o reason_n to_o think_v that_o the_o station_n duro-co-brive_a stand_v duro-co-brive_a whereof_o antonine_n the_o emperor_n make_v mention_v although_o the_o distance_n of_o
be_v fenny_a and_o therefore_o impassable_a and_o it_o end_v never_o to_o cowlidge_v where_o the_o passage_n by_o reason_n of_o wood_n be_v more_o cumbersome_a and_o it_o be_v the_o limit_n as_o well_o of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o of_o the_o bishopric_n of_o the_o east_n angle_n who_o be_v the_o author_n of_o so_o great_a a_o piece_n of_o work_n it_o be_v uncertain_a some_o late_a writer_n say_v it_o be_v king_n canutus_n the_o dane_n 905._o whereas_o notwithstanding_o the_o say_a abbo_n make_v mention_n of_o it_o who_o die_v before_o that_o canutus_n obtain_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o the_o saxon_a chronicle_n where_o it_o relate_v the_o rebellion_n of_o athelwolph_n against_o king_n edward_n the_o elder_a call_v it_o simple_o dyke_n and_o show_v that_o king_n edward_n lay_v waste_v whatsoever_o lie_v between_o the_o dyke_n and_o the_o river_n ouse_n as_o far_o as_o to_o the_o north_n fen_n also_o that_o aethelwold_n the_o rebel_n and_o eohric_a the_o dane_n be_v at_o that_o time_n slay_v there_o in_o battle_n but_o they_o who_o write_v since_o canutus_n time_n term_v it_o saint_n edmund_n limit_n and_o saint_n edmunds_n dyke_n and_o very_o think_v that_o king_n canutus_n cast_v it_o up_o who_o be_v most_o devote_a to_o saint_n edmund_n the_o martyr_n grant_v unto_o the_o religious_a monk_n of_o saint_n edmunds_n bury_n for_o to_o make_v satisfaction_n for_o the_o wicked_a cruelty_n of_o swan_n his_o father_n wrought_v upon_o they_o very_o great_a immunity_n even_o as_o far_o as_o to_o this_o dyke_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n in_o his_o book_n of_o bishop_n write_v thus_o the_o customer_n and_o toll_n gatherer_n which_o in_o other_o place_n make_v foul_a work_n and_o outrage_n without_o respect_n or_o difference_n of_o right_n and_o wrong_n there_o in_o humble_a manner_n on_o this_o side_n saint_n edmunds_n dike_n surcease_v their_o quarrel_n and_o brawl_n and_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o these_o two_o forefence_n last_o name_v be_v call_v saint_n edmund_n dykes_n for_o matthew_n florilegus_n have_v record_v that_o the_o say_a battle_n against_o aethelwolph_n be_v fight_v between_o the_o two_o dykes_n of_o saint_n edmund_n burwell_n never_o unto_o reach_z stand_v burwel_n a_o castle_n in_o late_a time_n of_o the_o lord_n tiptoft_n which_o in_o those_o most_o troublesome_a time_n of_o king_n stephen_n geffrey_n mandevill_n earl_n of_o essex_n who_o by_o violent_a invasion_n of_o other_o man_n possession_n lose_v much_o honour_n valiant_o assault_v until_o that_o be_v shoot_v through_o the_o head_n with_o a_o arrow_n he_o deliver_v those_o country_n from_o the_o fear_n they_o have_v stand_v in_o a_o long_a time_n scarce_o two_o mile_n off_o lanheath_n stand_v lanheath_n where_o for_o these_o many_o year_n the_o cotton_n right_a worshipful_a gentleman_n of_o knight_n degree_n have_v dwell_v wicken_n from_o which_o wicken_n be_v not_o far_o distant_a *_o which_o come_v to_o the_o family_n of_o the_o peyton_n by_o a_o daughter_n and_o coheir_n of_o the_o gernons_n about_o edward_n the_o three_o time_n peyton_n as_o afterward_o isleham_n descend_v to_o they_o by_o a_o coheir_n of_o bernard_n in_o henry_n the_o sixth_n time_n which_o knightly_a family_n of_o peyton_n flower_v out_o of_o the_o same_o male-stocke_n whence_o the_o vfford_v earl_n of_o suffolk_n descend_v as_o appear_v by_o their_o coat-armour_n albeit_o they_o assume_v the_o surname_n of_o peyton_n according_a to_o the_o use_n of_o that_o age_n from_o their_o manor_n of_o peyton-hall_n in_o boxford_n in_o the_o county_n of_o suffolk_n upon_o the_o same_o dyke_n also_o north._n be_v seat_v kirtling_n call_v likewise_o catlidge_n famous_a in_o these_o day_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o principal_a house_n of_o the_o baron_n north_n since_o queen_n marry_o honour_a sir_n edward_n north_n with_o that_o title_n for_o his_o wisdom_n but_o in_o time_n past_o it_o be_v famous_a for_o a_o synod_n hold_v there_o 977._o what_o time_n as_o the_o clergy_n man_n be_v at_o hot_a strife_n among_o themselves_o about_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o feast_n of_o easter_n the_o high_a and_o northerly_a part_n of_o this_o shire_n be_v whole_o divide_v into_o river_n isle_n ely_n and_o be_v distinguish_v by_o many_o ditch_n channel_n and_o drain_v with_o a_o pleasant_a green_a hue_n all_o summer_n time_n content_v the_o eye_n of_o the_o beholder_n but_o in_o winter_n whole_o in_o manner_n over-covered_n with_o water_n farther_z every_o way_n than_o a_o man_n be_v able_a to_o ken_v resemble_v in_o some_o sort_n a_o very_a sea_n they_o that_o inhabit_v this_o fennish_a country_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n beside_o which_o from_o the_o edge_n and_o border_n of_o suffolk_n as_o far_o as_o to_o wainflet_n in_o lincolnshire_n contain_v threescore_o and_o eight_o mile_n and_o million_o of_o acre_n lie_v in_o these_o four_o shire_n cambridge_n huntingdon_n north-hampton_a and_o lincoln_n be_v in_o the_o saxon_n time_n call_v girvii_n girviâ—_n that_o be_v as_o some_o interpret_v it_o fen-man_n or_o fen-dweller_n a_o kind_n of_o people_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n where_o they_o dwell_v rude_a uncivil_a and_o envious_a to_o all_o other_o who_o they_o call_v vpland-man_n who_o stalk_v on_o high_a upon_o stilt_n apply_v their_o mind_n to_o graze_v fish_v and_o fowl_v the_o whole_a region_n itself_o which_o in_o winter_n season_n and_o sometime_o most_o part_n of_o the_o year_n be_v overflow_v by_o the_o spread_a water_n of_o the_o river_n ouse_n grant_v nen_n welland_n glene_n and_o witham_n have_v not_o load_n and_o sewer_n large_a enough_o to_o void_v away_o but_o again_o when_o their_o stream_n be_v retire_v within_o their_o own_o channel_n it_o be_v so_o plenteous_a and_o rank_n of_o a_o certain_a fat_a gross_a and_o full_a hey_n which_o they_o call_v lid_n that_o when_o they_o have_v mow_v down_o as_o much_o with_o the_o better_a as_o will_v serve_v their_o turn_n they_o set_v fire_n on_o the_o rest_n and_o burn_v it_o in_o november_n that_o it_o may_v come_v up_o again_o in_o great_a abundance_n at_o which_o time_n a_o man_n may_v see_v this_o fennish_a and_o moist_a tract_n on_o a_o light_a flame_a fire_n all_o over_o every_o way_n and_o wonder_v thereat_o great_a plenty_n it_o have_v beside_o of_o turf_n and_o sedge_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o fire_n of_o reed_n also_o for_o to_o thatch_n their_o house_n yea_o and_o of_o alder_n beside_o other_o watery_a shrub_n but_o chief_o it_o bring_v forth_o exceed_v store_n of_o willow_n both_o natural_o and_o also_o for_o that_o be_v plant_v by_o man_n hand_n they_o have_v serve_v in_o good_a steed_n and_o often_o cut_v down_o with_o their_o manifold_a increase_n and_o infinite_a number_n of_o heir_n to_o use_v pliny_n word_n against_o the_o violent_a force_n of_o the_o water_n rush_v against_o the_o bank_n whereof_o also_o as_o well_o here_o as_o in_o other_o place_n there_o be_v basket_n make_v which_o see_v the_o britain_n call_n bascades_n i_o for_o my_o part_n that_o i_o may_v note_v so_o much_o by_o the_o way_n do_v not_o understand_v the_o poet_n marshal_n in_o that_o distichon_fw-la unless_o he_o mean_v these_o among_o the_o present_v and_o gift_n send_v to_o and_o fro_o barbara_n de_fw-fr pictis_fw-la veni_fw-la bascauda_fw-la britannis_fw-la sed_fw-la i_o jam_fw-la mavult_fw-la dicere_fw-la roma_fw-la svam_fw-la by_o barbarous_a name_n a_o baskaud_n i_o from_o paint_a britan_n come_v but_o now_o rome_n fain_o will_v call_v i_o she_o although_o i_o be_v the_o same_o beside_o all_o this_o the_o herb_n scordium_fw-la scordium_n which_o also_o be_v call_v water_n germander_n grow_v plentiful_o here_o hard_o by_o the_o ditch_n side_n but_o as_o for_o these_o fenny_a land_n foelix_fw-la a_o writer_n of_o good_a antiquity_n have_v depaint_v they_o forth_o in_o these_o word_n there_o be_v a_o fen_n of_o exceed_v great_a largeness_n which_o beginning_n at_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n gront_n arise_v somewhere_o with_o sedge_n plot_n in_o other_o place_n with_o black_a water_n yield_v a_o duskish_a vapour_n with_o wood_n also_o among_o the_o isle_n and_o have_v many_o wind_a turn_n of_o the_o bank_n reach_v out_o in_o a_o very_a long_a tract_n from_o south_n to_o north-east_n as_o far_o as_o to_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o very_a same_o fen_n william_n a_o monk_n of_o crowland_n in_o the_o life_n of_o guthlake_n have_v thus_o describe_v in_o verse_n est_fw-la apud_fw-la angligenas_fw-la à _fw-la grontae_fw-la flumine_fw-la longo_fw-la orb_n per_fw-la anfractus_fw-la stagnoso_n &_o fluviales_fw-la circumfusapalus_fw-la orientalisque_fw-la propanqua_fw-la littoribus_fw-la pelagi_fw-la sese_fw-la distendit_fw-la ab_fw-la austro_n in_o longum_fw-la versus_fw-la aquilonem_fw-la gurgite_fw-la tetro_fw-la morbosos_n pisces_fw-la vegetans_fw-la &_o arundine_fw-la densa_fw-la ventorum_fw-la strepitus_fw-la quasi_fw-la quaedam_fw-la verba_fw-la susurrans_fw-la a_o spacious_a fen_n in_o england_n lie_v from_o
castle_n name_v humel_n before_o time_n hymell_n into_o a_o monastery_n call_v finisheve_v their_o issue_n male_a fail_v about_o two_o hundred_o year_n since_o but_o of_o their_o heir_n the_o elder_a be_v wed_v unto_o sir_n john_n goldington_n the_o second_o to_o sir_n laurence_n pabenham_n and_o the_o three_o to_o sir_n william_n bernak_n all_o right_a worthy_a knight_n apthorpe_n here_o also_o be_v to_o be_v see_v apthorp_n the_o seat_n of_o a_o most_o worthy_a knight_n sir_n anthony_n mildmay_n who_o father_n sir_n walter_n mildmay_n late_o one_o of_o queen_n elizabeth_n privy_a counsel_n for_o his_o virtue_n wisdom_n piety_n and_o bounty_n to_o learning_n and_o learned_a man_n by_o sound_v emanuel_n college_n in_o cambridge_n have_v worthy_o deserve_v to_o be_v register_v among_o the_o best_a man_n in_o this_o our_o age_n thornhaugh_n hard_o by_o stand_v thornhaugh_n sometime_o belong_v to_o the_o family_n de_fw-fr sancto_fw-it medardo_n contract_v into_o semarâ—_n and_o now_o to_o the_o right_n honourable_a sir_n william_n russell_n son_n to_o francis_n earl_n of_o bedford_n descend_v from_o semare_n who_o king_n james_n for_o his_o virtue_n and_o faithful_a service_n in_o ireland_n while_o he_o be_v lord_n deputy_n there_o advance_v to_o the_o dignity_n of_o baron_n russell_n of_o thornhaugh_n welledon_n neither_o be_v the_o town_n welledon_n to_o be_v pass_v over_o in_o silence_n consider_v that_o it_o go_v in_o old_a time_n for_o a_o barony_n which_o by_o mawde_z the_o daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o geffrey_n de_fw-fr ridell_n who_o together_o with_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o his_o son_n be_v drown_v do_v descend_v to_o richard_n basset_n son_n of_o ralph_n basset_n lord_n justice_z of_o england_n in_o who_o race_n it_o continue_v unto_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o his_o day_n for_o then_o by_o the_o female_n it_o accrue_v to_o the_o kneveis_n and_o alesburies_n welland_n be_v past_o haringworth_n go_v to_o visit_v colliweston_n where_o lady_n margaret_n countess_n of_o richmond_n king_n henry_n the_o seven_o his_o mother_n build_v a_o goodly_a fair_a and_o stately_a house_n under_o which_o the_o neighbour_n inhabitant_n use_v to_o dig_v great_a plenty_n of_o sclate_a stone_n for_o their_o building_n slate-stone_n from_o whence_o wittering_n heath_n a_o plain_a run_v out_o far_o into_o the_o east_n wherein_o the_o people_n there_o dwell_v report_n that_o the_o dane_n long_v since_o be_v discomfit_v in_o a_o memorable_a battle_n and_o put_v to_o flight_n burghley_n now_o by_o this_o time_n be_v welland_n come_v to_o burghley_n whereof_o the_o most_o prudent_a and_o right_a honourable_a counsellor_n sir_n william_n cecil_n lord_n high_a treasurer_n of_o england_n yea_o a_o singular_a treasure_n and_o supporter_n of_o the_o same_o receive_v the_o title_n of_o baron_n burghley_n for_o his_o great_a good_a desert_n at_o the_o hand_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n which_o title_n he_o adorn_v with_o the_o lustre_n of_o his_o virtue_n and_o beautify_v this_o place_n with_o magnificent_a sumptuous_a building_n adjoin_v thereto_o a_o large_a park_n encompass_v about_o with_o a_o stone_n wall_n of_o a_o great_a circuit_n beneath_o it_o there_o be_v ancient_a quarry_n of_o stone_n at_o bernack_n out_o of_o which_o the_o abbey_n of_o peterburgh_n and_o of_o ramsey_n be_v build_v for_o here_o to_o write_v the_o very_a word_n out_o of_o the_o history_n of_o ramsey_n the_o toil_a strength_n of_o the_o quarrier_n be_v often_o try_v and_o hold_v to_o work_v yet_o ever_o still_o there_o remain_v work_n for_o they_o behind_o wherein_o they_o be_v refresh_v between_o while_n with_o rest_n may_v be_v exercise_v and_o keep_v in_o ure_n and_o thus_o we_o read_v in_o the_o charter_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n in_o consideration_n of_o four_o thousand_o eel_n in_o lent_n the_o monk_n of_o ramsey_n shall_v have_v out_o of_o the_o territory_n of_o saint_n peter_n so_o much_o square_n astile_a stone_n as_o they_o need_v at_o berneck_n and_o of_o rough_a build_n stone_n for_o wall_n at_o burch_n under_o berneck_n that_o highway_n make_v by_o the_o roman_n which_o the_o neighbour_n inhabitant_n 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o breadth_n that_o it_o carry_v call_v the_o forty_o footway_n from_o caster_n to_o stanford_n cut_v and_o divide_v this_o shire_n and_o be_v to_o be_v see_v with_o a_o high_a causey_n especial_o by_o the_o little_a wood_n of_o bernack_n where_o it_o have_v a_o beacon_n set_v upon_o the_o very_a ridge_n and_o so_o run_v forth_o along_o by_o burghley_n park_n wall_n towards_o stanford_n some_o five_o mile_n hence_o ingulfus_n welland_n run_v down_o by_o maxey_n castle_n belong_v sometime_o to_o the_o noble_a house_n of_o wake_n and_o by_o peag-kirk_a where_o in_o the_o primitive_a church_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n pega_n a_o holy_a woman_n who_o give_v name_n to_o that_o place_n and_o sister_n of_o saint_n guthlak_n with_o other_o nun_n and_o devout_a virgin_n by_o their_o life_n and_o example_n give_v good_a document_n of_o piety_n and_o chastity_n come_v to_o the_o fen_n so_o often_o mention_v and_o for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o bank_n on_o the_o south_n side_n thereof_o be_v in_o many_o place_n neglect_v the_o river_n lie_v sore_o upon_o the_o land_n thereabouts_o with_o great_a detriment_n and_o thus_o be_v put_v out_o of_o his_o own_o channel_n that_o before_o time_n go_v by_o spalding_n he_o enter_v close_o into_o nen_n or_o aufon_n and_o overchargeth_a it_o exceed_o now_o the_o less_o avon_n which_o be_v the_o other_o of_o the_o limit_n as_o i_o say_v of_o this_o shire_n northward_o but_o serve_v for_o a_o limit_n only_o about_o five_o or_o six_o mile_n in_o length_n break_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n at_o avon-well_a by_o naseby_n near_o by_o the_o springhead_n of_o welland_n run_v westward_o by_o suleby_n sometime_o a_o abbey_n of_o black-monke_n stanford_n and_o by_o stanford_n upon_o avon_n cave_n the_o habitation_n of_o the_o caves_n family_n out_o of_o which_o there_o be_v spread_v a_o notable_a offspring_n with_o many_o branch_n in_o all_o that_o tract_n adjoin_v also_o by_o lilborne_n the_o seat_n in_o time_n pass_v of_o the_o canvilles_n which_o that_o it_o have_v be_v in_o old_a time_n a_o mansion_n place_n or_o station_n of_o the_o roman_n i_o be_o induce_v to_o think_v by_o the_o site_n thereof_o hard_o by_o one_o of_o their_o port-way_n by_o the_o ancient_a trench_n there_o and_o a_o little_a pike_a hill_n cast_v up_o into_o which_o when_o of_o late_a day_n some_o dig_v in_o hope_n of_o old_a hide_a treasure_n in_o stead_n of_o gold_n they_o find_v coal_n time_n and_o when_o this_o river_n be_v as_o yet_o but_o small_a be_v once_o go_v under_o dowbridge_n it_o leave_v northamptonshire_n and_o enter_v warwickeshire_n by_o those_o coal_n dig_v forth_o from_o under_o the_o say_a hill_n what_o if_o i_o shall_v conjecture_v that_o this_o hill_n be_v raise_v up_o for_o a_o limit_n or_o bound-marke_a see_v siculus_n flaccus_n write_v that_o either_o ash_n or_o coal_n or_o pot-sherds_a or_o break_a glass_n or_o bone_n half_o burn_v or_o lime_n or_o plaster_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v put_v under_o landmark_n and_o limit_n cap._n and_o s._n augustine_n write_v thus_o of_o coal_n be_v it_o not_o a_o wonderful_a thing_n say_v he_o whereas_o consider_v coal_n be_v so_o brickle_z that_o with_o the_o least_o blow_n they_o break_v with_o the_o least_o crush_a they_o be_v crush_v yet_o no_o time_n be_v it_o never_o so_o long_o conquer_v they_o in_o so_o much_o as_o they_o that_o pitch_v landmark_n and_o limit_n be_v wont_a to_o couch_v they_o underneath_o to_o convince_v any_o litigious_a fellow_n whatsoever_o that_o shall_v come_v never_o so_o long_a time_n after_o and_o avouch_v that_o a_o limit_n be_v not_o there_o pitch_v and_o so_o much_o the_o rather_o incline_v i_o to_o this_o my_o conjecture_n because_o they_o that_o have_v write_v of_o limit_n do_v write_v that_o certain_a hillock_n or_o pile_n of_o earth_n which_o they_o term_v botontine_n buttinâ—â—_n be_v set_v in_o limit_n so_o that_o i_o suppose_v most_o of_o these_o mount_n and_o round_a hill_n which_o we_o every_o where_o see_v and_o call_v burrowes_n be_v for_o this_o purpose_n raise_v and_o that_o ash_n coal_n pot-sherds_a etc._n etc._n may_v be_v find_v under_o they_o if_o they_o be_v dig_v down_o a_o good_a depth_n into_o the_o earth_n the_o first_o earl_n that_o this_o county_n have_v to_o my_o knowledge_n northamp_n be_v waldeof_o son_n of_o that_o warlike_a siward_n who_o be_v also_o earl_n of_o huntingdon_n for_o his_o disloyal_a treachery_n unto_o william_n the_o conqueror_n lose_v his_o head_n leave_v two_o daughter_n only_o behind_o he_o by_o judith_n the_o conqueror_n niece_n by_o a_o sister_n of_o his_o mother_n side_n simon_n de_fw-fr saint_n liz_n waldeof_o be_v scornful_o reject_v by_o judith_n the_o mother_n for_o that_o he_o be_v lame-legged_n marry_v maud_n
the_o elder_a daughter_n and_o he_o build_v saint_n andrew_n church_n and_o the_o castle_n at_o northampton_n after_o he_o succeed_v his_o son_n simon_n the_o second_o who_o a_o long_a time_n be_v in_o suit_n about_o his_o mother_n possession_n with_o david_n king_n of_o scot_n his_o mother_n second_o husband_n and_o have_v side_v with_o king_n stephen_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1152._o depart_v this_o life_n with_o this_o testimonial_a that_o go_v of_o he_o a_o youth_n full_o fraught_v with_o all_o unlawful_a wickedness_n and_o as_o full_a of_o all_o unseemly_a lewdness_n his_o son_n simon_n the_o three_o have_v go_v to_o law_n with_o the_o scot_n for_o his_o right_n to_o the_o earldom_n of_o huntingdon_n waste_v all_o his_o estate_n and_o through_o the_o gracious_a goodness_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o marry_v the_o daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o gilbert_n de_fw-fr gaunt_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n and_o in_o the_o end_n have_v recover_v the_o earldom_n of_o huntingdon_n and_o disseize_v the_o scot_n die_v childless_a in_o the_o year_n 1185._o whereas_o some_o have_v late_o set_v down_o sir_n richard_n gobion_n to_o have_v be_v earl_n of_o northampton_n afterward_o i_o find_v no_o warrant_n thereof_o either_o in_o record_n or_o history_n only_o i_o find_v that_o sir_n hugh_n gobion_n be_v a_o ringleader_n in_o that_o rebellious_a rabble_n which_o hold_v northampton_n against_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o and_o that_o the_o inheritance_n of_o his_o house_n come_v short_o after_o by_o marriage_n to_o butler_n of_o woodhall_n and_o turpin_n etc._n etc._n but_o this_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o create_v william_n de_fw-fr bohun_n a_o man_n of_o approve_a valour_n earl_n of_o northampton_n and_o when_o his_o elder_a brother_n humphrey_n de_fw-fr bohun_n earl_n of_o hereford_n and_o of_o essex_n high_z constable_z also_o of_o england_n be_v not_o sufficient_a in_o that_o warlike_a age_n to_o bear_v that_o charge_n of_o the_o constable_n he_o make_v he_o also_o high_a constable_n of_o england_n after_o he_o his_o son_n humphrey_n succeed_v in_o the_o earldom_n of_o northampton_n as_o also_o in_o the_o earldom_n of_o hereford_n and_o of_o essex_n for_o that_o his_o uncle_n die_v with_o issue_n beget_v two_o daughter_n the_o one_o bestow_v in_o marriage_n upon_o thomas_n of_o woodstock_n the_o young_a son_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o the_o other_o upon_o henry_n of_o lancaster_n duke_n of_o hereford_n who_o afterward_o attain_v to_o the_o crown_n by_o the_o name_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o the_o daughter_n of_o the_o say_v thomas_n of_o woodstock_n bring_v by_o her_o marriage_n this_o title_n of_o northampton_n with_o other_o into_o the_o family_n of_o the_o staffords_z but_o when_o they_o afterward_o have_v lose_v their_o honour_n and_o dignity_n king_n edward_n the_o six_o honour_a sir_n william_n parr_n earl_n of_o essex_n a_o most_o accomplish_a courtier_n with_o the_o title_n of_o marquesse_n of_o northampton_n who_o within_o our_o remembrance_n end_v this_o life_n issueless_a and_o while_o i_o be_v write_v and_o peruse_v this_o work_n our_o most_o sacred_a sovereign_a king_n james_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o salvation_n 1603._o upon_o one_o and_o the_o same_o day_n advance_v lord_n henry_n howard_n brother_n to_o the_o last_o duke_n of_o norfolk_n a_o man_n of_o rare_a and_o excellent_a wit_n and_o sweet_a fluent_a eloquence_n singular_o adorn_v also_o with_o the_o best_a science_n prudent_a in_o counsel_n and_o provident_a withal_o to_o the_o state_n of_o baron_n howard_n of_o marnehill_n and_o the_o right_n honourable_a name_n title_n stile_n and_o dignity_n of_o earl_n of_o northampton_n there_o belong_v unto_o this_o shire_n parish_n 326._o lecestriae_fw-la comitatus_n sive_fw-la leicestershyre_n pars_fw-la olim_fw-la coritanorum_n leicester-shire_n on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o northamptonshire_n bound_v leicester-shire_n call_v in_o that_o book_n wherein_o william_n the_o conqueror_n set_v down_o his_o survey_n of_o england_n ledecester-shire_n a_o champain_n country_n likewise_o throughout_o bear_v corn_n in_o great_a plenty_n but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n without_o wood_n it_o have_v border_v upon_o it_o on_o the_o east_n side_n both_o rutland-shire_n and_o lincolnshire_n on_o the_o north_n nottingham_n and_o derby-shire_n and_o warwickeshire_n on_o the_o west_n for_o the_o high_a road_n way_n make_v by_o the_o roman_n call_v watling-streat_n direct_o run_v along_o the_o west_n skirt_n separate_v it_o from_o warwickeshire_n and_o on_o the_o south_n side_n as_o i_o note_v even_o now_o lie_v northamptonshire_n through_o the_o middle_a part_n thereof_o pass_v the_o river_n soar_n take_v his_o way_n towards_o the_o trent_n but_o over_o the_o east-part_n a_o little_a river_n call_v wreak_v gentle_o wander_v which_o at_o length_n find_v his_o way_n into_o the_o foresay_a soar_n on_o the_o south_n side_n where_o it_o be_v divide_v on_o the_o one_o hand_n with_o the_o river_n avon_n the_o less_o and_o on_o the_o other_o with_o the_o river_n welland_n we_o meet_v with_o nothing_o worth_a relation_n unless_o it_o be_v on_o wellands_n bank_n while_o he_o be_v yet_o but_o small_a and_o new_o come_v from_o his_o head_n with_o haverburgh_n common_o call_v harborrow_n a_o town_n most_o celebrate_v hereabout_o for_o a_o fair_a of_o cat-tail_n there_o keep_v and_o as_o for_o carleton_n as_o one_o will_v say_v the_o husband-mens_n town_n that_o be_v not_o far_o from_o it_o wherein_o i_o wot_v not_o whether_o it_o be_v worth_a the_o relate_n all_o in_o manner_n that_o be_v bear_v whether_o it_o be_v by_o a_o peculiar_a property_n of_o the_o soil_n or_o the_o water_n or_o else_o by_o some_o other_o secret_a operation_n of_o nature_n have_v a_o ill_o favour_v untuneable_a and_o harsh_a manner_n of_o speech_n fetch_v their_o word_n with_o very_a much_o ado_n deep_a from_o out_o of_o the_o throat_n with_o a_o certain_a kind_n of_o wharling_n that_o roman_a street_n way_n aforesaid_a street_n the_o causey_n whereof_o be_v in_o some_o other_o place_n quite_o wear_v and_o eat_v away_o here_o most_o evident_o show_v itself_o pass_v on_o direct_o as_o it_o be_v by_o a_o straight_a line_n northward_o through_o the_o west_n side_n of_o this_o province_n the_o very_a tract_n of_o which_o street_n i_o myself_o diligent_o trace_v and_o follow_v even_o from_o the_o tamis_n to_o wales_n purposely_o to_o seek_v out_o town_n of_o ancient_a memory_n laugh_v you_o will_v perhaps_o at_o this_o my_o painful_a and_o expenseful_a diligence_n as_o vain_o curious_a neither_o can_v i_o repose_v my_o trust_n upon_o a_o more_o faithful_a guide_n for_o the_o find_v out_o of_o those_o say_a town_n which_o antonine_n the_o emperor_n specifi_v in_o his_o itinerary_n this_o street-way_n be_v past_o dowbridge_n where_o it_o leave_v northamptonshire_n behind_o it_o be_v interrupt_v first_o with_o the_o river_n swift_n that_o be_v indeed_o but_o slow_a although_o the_o name_n import_v swiftness_n which_o it_o make_v good_a only_o in_o the_o winter_n month_n the_o bridge_n over_o it_o now_o call_v bransford_n and_o bensford_n bridge_n which_o here_o conjoin_v in_o time_n past_o this_o way_n have_v be_v of_o long_a time_n break_v down_o have_v be_v the_o cause_n that_o so_o famous_a a_o way_n for_o a_o great_a while_n be_v the_o less_o frequent_v but_o now_o at_o the_o common_a charge_n of_o the_o country_n cester-ove_a it_o be_v repair_v upon_o this_o way_n lie_v of_o the_o one_o side_n westward_o cester-ove_a but_o it_o be_v in_o warwickeshire_n a_o place_n worth_a the_o name_n be_v it_o but_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o lord_n thereof_o sir_n foulke_n grevill_n a_o right_a worshipful_a and_o worthy_a knight_n although_o the_o very_a name_n itself_o may_v witness_v the_o antiquity_n for_o our_o ancestor_n add_v this_o word_n cester_n to_o no_o other_o place_n but_o only_a city_n cester_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o way_n eastward_o hard_o by_o water_n swift_n which_o spring_v near_o knaptoft_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o turpins_n a_o knightly_a house_n descend_v from_o a_o heir_n of_o the_o gobion_n lie_v misterton_n belong_v to_o the_o ancient_a family_n of_o the_o poulteneis_n who_o take_v that_o name_n of_o poulteney_n a_o place_n now_o decay_v within_o the_o say_a lordship_n lutterworth_n near_o to_o it_o be_v lutterworth_n a_o mercate_z town_n the_o possession_n in_o time_n pass_v of_o the_o verdon_n which_o only_o show_v a_o fair_a church_n which_o have_v be_v increase_v by_o the_o felding_n of_o knight_n degree_n and_o ancient_a gentry_n in_o this_o shire_n that_o famous_a john_n wickliff_n be_v sometime_o parson_n of_o this_o church_n 1387._o a_o man_n of_o a_o singular_a polite_a and_o well_o wrought_v wit_n most_o conversant_a also_o in_o the_o holy_a scripture_n who_o for_o that_o he_o have_v sharpen_v the_o neb_n of_o his_o pen_n against_o the_o pope_n authority_n the_o church_n
last_o baron_n of_o this_o race_n make_v it_o over_o as_o i_o have_v say_v already_o to_o isabella_n queen_n of_o england_n wife_n to_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o howbeit_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o castle_n be_v transfer_v afterward_o to_o the_o stanleys_n now_o earl_n of_o derby_n through_o the_o south_n part_n of_o this_o shire_n lie_v beneath_o these_o place_n above_o name_v wander_v aleâ—_n a_o little_a river_n near_o unto_o which_o in_o a_o hill_n hard_a by_o kilken_a a_o small_a village_n there_o be_v a_o well_o the_o water_n whereof_o at_o certain_a set_v time_n rise_v and_o fall_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o sea-tide_n castle_n upon_o this_o alen_n stand_v hope_n castle_n in_o welsh_a caer-gurle_a in_o which_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o retire_v himself_o when_o the_o welshman_n have_v upon_o the_o sudden_a set_v upon_o his_o soldier_n be_v out_o of_o array_n and_o where_o good_a millstone_n be_v wrought_v out_o of_o the_o rock_n mold_n also_o mold_n in_o welsh_a guide_n cruc_n a_o castle_n belong_v in_o ancient_a time_n to_o the_o baron_n of_o monthault_n both_o which_o place_n show_v many_o token_n of_o antiquity_n near_o unto_o hope_n a_o certain_a gardiner_n when_o i_o be_v first_o write_v this_o work_n dig_v somewhat_o deep_a into_o the_o ground_n happen_v upon_o a_o very_a ancient_a piece_n of_o work_n concern_v which_o there_o grow_v many_o divers_a opinion_n of_o sundry_a man_n but_o he_o that_o will_v with_o any_o diligence_n read_v m._n vitruvius_n pollio_n shall_v very_o well_o perceive_v it_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o stouph_n or_o hot_a house_n begin_v by_o the_o roman_n who_o as_o their_o riotous_a excess_n grow_v together_o with_o their_o wealth_n water_n use_v bath_n exceed_v much_o in_o length_n it_o be_v five_o eln_n in_o breadth_n four_o and_o about_o half_a a_o eln_n deep_a enclose_v with_o wall_n of_o hard_a stone_n the_o pave_v lay_v with_o brick_n parget_v with_o lime_n mortar_n the_o arch_a roof_n over_o it_o support_v with_o small_a pillar_n make_v of_o brick_n which_o roof_n be_v of_o tile_n parget_v over_o likewise_o very_o smooth_a have_v hole_n here_o and_o there_o through_o it_o wherein_o be_v place_v certain_a earthen_a pipe_n of_o potter_n work_n by_o which_o the_o heat_n be_v convey_v and_o so_o as_o he_o say_v volvebant_fw-la hypocausta_fw-la vaporem_fw-la that_o be_v the_o stuple_n do_v send_v away_o a_o waulming_a hot_a vapour_n and_o who_o will_v not_o think_v this_o be_v one_o of_o these_o kind_n of_o work_n which_o giraldus_n wonder_v at_o especial_o in_o isca_n write_n thus_o as_o he_o do_v of_o the_o roman_n work_n that_o say_v he_o which_o a_o man_n will_v judge_v among_o other_o thing_n notable_a there_o may_v you_o see_v on_o every_o side_n stouph_v make_v with_o marvellous_a great_a skill_n breathe_v out_o heat_n close_o at_o certain_a hole_n in_o the_o side_n and_o narrow_a tunnel_n who_o work_n this_o be_v the_o tile_n there_o do_v declare_v be_v imprint_v with_o these_o word_n legio_n xx._n that_o be_v the_o twenty_o legion_n which_o as_o i_o have_v show_v already_o before_o abode_n at_o chester_n scarce_o six_o mile_n a_o side_n from_o hence_o near_o unto_o this_o river_n alen_n in_o a_o certain_a straight_o set_v about_o with_o wood_n stand_v coleshull_a coleshul_a giraldus_n term_v it_o carbonarium_fw-la collem_fw-la that_o be_v coal_n hill_n where_o when_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o have_v make_v preparation_n with_o as_o great_a care_n as_o ever_o any_o do_v to_o give_v battle_n unto_o the_o welsh_a the_o english_a by_o reason_n of_o their_o disorder_a multitude_n draw_v out_o their_o battalion_n in_o their_o rank_n and_o not_o range_v close_o in_o good_a array_n lose_v the_o field_n and_o be_v defeat_v yea_o and_o the_o very_a king_n standard_n be_v forsake_v by_o henry_n of_o essex_n who_o in_o right_n of_o inheritance_n be_v standerdbearer_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n for_o which_o cause_n he_o be_v afterward_o charge_v with_o treason_n and_o by_o his_o challenger_n overcome_v in_o combat_n have_v his_o good_n confiscate_v and_o seize_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n and_o he_o displease_v with_o himself_o for_o his_o cowardice_n put_v on_o a_o cowl_n and_o become_v a_o monk_n another_o little_a parcel_n there_o be_v of_o this_o shire_n on_o this_o side_n the_o river_n dee_fw-mi dismember_v as_o it_o be_v from_o this_o mailor_n which_o the_o english_a call_n english_a mailor_n of_o this_o i_o treat_v in_o the_o county_n of_o chester_n while_o i_o speak_v of_o bangor_n and_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n to_o iterate_v the_o same_o here_o which_o have_v be_v already_o speak_v of_o before_o neither_o do_v it_o afford_v any_o thing_n in_o it_o worth_a the_o report_n ha-meere_a unless_o it_o be_v han-meere_a by_o ae_z mere_n side_n whereof_o a_o right_a ancient_a and_o worshipful_a family_n there_o dwell_v take_v their_o surname_n the_o earl_n of_o chester_n as_o they_o skirmish_v by_o occasion_n chester_n and_o advantage_n of_o opportunity_n with_o the_o welsh_a be_v the_o first_o norman_n that_o bring_v this_o country_n under_o their_o subjection_n whereupon_o we_o read_v in_o ancient_a record_n the_o county_n of_o flint_n appertain_v to_o the_o dignity_n of_o the_o sword_n of_o chester_n and_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o k.k._n of_o england_n be_v in_o old_a time_n style_v by_o the_o title_n of_o earl_n of_o chester_n and_o of_o flint_n but_o notwithstanding_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o suppose_v it_o will_v be_v very_o commodious_a both_o for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o his_o own_o power_n and_o also_o to_o keep_v under_o the_o welsh_a hold_v in_o his_o own_o hand_n both_o this_o and_o all_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o wales_n as_o for_o the_o inland_n country_n he_o give_v they_o to_o his_o noble_n as_o he_o think_v good_a follow_v herein_o the_o policy_n of_o the_o emperor_n augustus_n first_o who_o undertake_v himself_o to_o govern_v the_o province_n that_o be_v strong_a and_o lay_v outmost_a but_o permit_v proconsul_n by_o lot_n to_o rule_v the_o rest_n which_o he_o do_v in_o show_n to_o defend_v the_o empire_n but_o in_o very_a deed_n to_o have_v all_o the_o arm_n and_o martial_a man_n under_o his_o own_o command_n in_o this_o county_n of_o flint_n there_o be_v parish_n in_o all_o 28._o princes_z of_o wales_n as_o concern_v the_o prince_n of_o wales_n of_o british_a blood_n in_o ancient_a time_n you_o may_v read_v in_o the_o history_n of_o wales_n publish_v in_o print_n for_o my_o part_n i_o think_v it_o requisite_a and_o pertinent_a to_o my_o intend_a purpose_n to_o set_v down_o summary_o those_o of_o latter_a day_n descend_v from_o the_o royal_a line_n of_o england_n king_n edward_n the_o first_o unto_o who_o his_o father_n king_n henry_n the_o three_o have_v grant_v the_o principality_n of_o wales_n when_o he_o have_v obtain_v the_o crown_n and_o lhewellin_n ap._n gryffith_n the_o last_o prince_n of_o the_o british_a race_n be_v slay_v and_o thereby_o the_o sinew_n as_o it_o be_v of_o the_o principality_n be_v cut_v in_o the_o twelve_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n unite_v the_o same_o unto_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n 114_o and_o the_o whole_a province_n swear_v fealty_n and_o allegiance_n unto_o edward_n of_o caernarvon_n his_o son_n who_o he_o make_v prince_n of_o wales_n but_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o confer_v not_o upon_o his_o son_n edward_n the_o title_n of_o prince_n of_o wales_n but_o only_o the_o name_n of_o earl_n of_o chester_n and_o of_o flint_n so_o far_o as_o i_o ever_o can_v learn_v out_o of_o the_o record_n and_o by_o that_o title_n summon_v he_o to_o parliament_n be_v then_o nine_o year_n old_a king_n edward_z the_o third_z first_o create_v his_o elder_a son_n edward_n surname_v the_o black_a prince_n the_o mirour_n of_o chivalry_n be_v then_o duke_n of_o cornwall_n and_o earl_n of_o chester_n prince_n of_o wales_n by_o solemn_a investure_n 164_o with_o a_o cap_n of_o estate_n and_o coronet_n set_v on_o his_o head_n use_v a_o gold_n ring_v put_v upon_o his_o finger_n and_o a_o silver_n verge_n deliver_v into_o his_o hand_n with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o parliament_n who_o in_o the_o very_a flower_n of_o his_o martial_a glory_n be_v take_v away_o by_o untimely_a death_n too_o too_o soon_o to_o the_o universal_a grief_n of_o all_o england_n afterward_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o invest_v with_o the_o say_a honour_n richard_n of_o bordeaux_n the_o say_v prince_n son_n as_o heir_n apparent_a to_o the_o crown_n who_o be_v depose_v from_o his_o kingdom_n by_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o and_o have_v no_o issue_n be_v cruel_o dispatch_v by_o violent_a death_n the_o say_a king_n henry_n the_o four_o at_o the_o formal_a request_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o bestow_v this_o principality_n with_o the_o title_n of_o chester_n and_o flint_n with_o
do_v cast_v a_o ditch_n or_o trench_n cross_v over_o the_o island_n from_o sea_n to_o sea_n within_o it_o also_o he_o build_v a_o wall_n with_o turret_n and_o bulwark_n which_o afterward_o he_o call_v fossam_fw-la severiam_fw-la that_o be_v sever_v fossae_n or_o ditch_n like_a as_o we_o read_v in_o the_o most_o ancient_a annal_n of_o the_o english-saxons_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v severus_n foregirded_a and_o fence_a britain_n with_o a_o ditch_n from_o sea_n to_o sea_n and_o other_o late_a writer_n in_o this_o wise_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v severus_n in_o britain_n make_v and_o finish_v a_o wall_n of_o turf_n or_o a_o rampire_n from_o sea_n to_o sea_n william_n of_o malmesburie_n likewise_o name_v it_o a_o famous_a and_o most_o notorious_a trench_n in_o which_o very_a place_n two_o hundred_o year_n after_o or_o much_o thereabouts_o a_o wall_n of_o stone_n be_v set_v up_o whereof_o i_o be_o to_o speak_v anon_o whereas_o eutropius_n have_v set_v down_o the_o length_n of_o it_o to_o be_v 35._o mile_n victor_n 32._o and_o other_o author_n 132._o i_o suppose_v some_o fault_n have_v creep_v into_o the_o number_n for_o the_o island_n be_v not_o so_o broad_a in_o that_o place_n although_o a_o man_n shall_v take_v the_o measure_n of_o the_o wall_n as_o it_o stand_v wind_v in_o and_o out_o rising_z also_o and_o fall_v here_o and_o there_o nay_o if_o one_o shall_v reduce_v it_o into_o italian_a mile_n he_o shall_v find_v little_a above_o fourscore_o as_o spartianus_n have_v true_o reckon_v they_o some_o few_o year_n after_o this_o munition_n as_o it_o seem_v be_v forlet_a howbeit_o march_n when_o alexander_n severus_n the_o emperor_n as_o we_o read_v in_o lampridius_n have_v once_o give_v unto_o the_o captain_n and_o soldier_n of_o the_o march_n those_o ground_n and_o land_n which_o be_v win_v from_o the_o enemy_n so_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v their_o propriety_n if_o their_o heir_n serve_v as_o soldier_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v never_o return_v to_o any_o private_a man_n suppose_v they_o will_v go_v to_o the_o war_n more_o willing_o and_o take_v the_o better_a care_n if_o they_o shall_v defend_v their_o own_o peculiar_a possession_n note_v these_o word_n well_o i_o pray_v you_o for_o hence_o may_v be_v deduce_v either_o a_o kind_n of_o feudum_n or_o the_o begin_n of_o feud_n after_o this_o the_o roman_n march_v beyond_o the_o wall_n and_o build_v themselves_o station_n within_o the_o out-land_n and_o barbarian_a soil_n fortify_v also_o and_o furnish_v they_o according_o enlarge_v the_o limit_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n again_o as_o far_o as_o to_o edinburgh_n frith_n nevertheless_o the_o savage_a and_o barbarous_a people_n never_o cease_v to_o assail_v they_o upon_o advantage_n drive_v they_o back_o now_o and_o then_o as_o far_o as_o to_o severus_n trench_n dioclesian_n the_o emperor_n have_v a_o provident_a eye_n to_o these_o limit_n under_o who_o when_o as_o the_o whole_a command_n in_o britain_n be_v commit_v unto_o carausius_n for_o that_o he_o be_v repute_v the_o fit_a man_n to_o war_n against_o these_o warlike_a nation_n he_o do_v set_v up_o again_o the_o forefense_a between_o dunbritton_n frith_n and_o edinburgh_n frith_n as_o i_o will_v show_v in_o place_n convenient_a the_o first_o that_o ever_o have_v blame_v for_o neglect_v these_o limit_n be_v constantine_n the_o great_a for_o thus_o write_v zosimus_n whereas_o the_o roman_a empire_n by_o the_o providence_n of_o dioclesian_n be_v in_o the_o utmost_a march_n thereof_o every_o where_o sure_o fence_a with_o town_n castle_n and_o burgh_n and_o all_o their_o military_a company_n make_v their_o abode_n in_o they_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o barbarous_a nation_n to_o pass_v in_o but_o they_o be_v so_o meet_v withal_o at_o every_o turn_n by_o force_n there_o set_v to_o repel_v they_o back_o constantine_n abolish_n this_o munition_n of_o garrison_n place_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o soldier_n who_o he_o have_v remove_v from_o out_o of_o the_o march_n in_o town_n that_o have_v no_o need_n of_o garrison_n and_o defence_n so_o he_o leave_v the_o march_n open_v to_o the_o inroad_n of_o barbarous_a nation_n without_o garrison_n and_o pester_v the_o city_n that_o be_v at_o peace_n and_o quiet_a with_o a_o sort_n of_o soldier_n whereby_o most_o of_o they_o be_v now_o already_o become_v desolate_a and_o the_o soldier_n themselves_o addict_v to_o theatrical_a sport_n and_o pleasure_n grow_v by_o his_o mean_n debauch_v to_o conclude_v and_o simple_o to_o speak_v in_o one_o word_n he_o it_o be_v that_o give_v the_o first_o cause_n and_o beginning_n that_o the_o state_n of_o the_o empire_n run_v to_o wreck_n and_o ruin_n 367._o the_o country_n that_o lie_v between_o these_o enclosure_n or_o forefenses_a teodosius_fw-la father_n unto_o theodosius_n the_o emperor_n recover_v he_o re-edify_v and_o repair_v the_o city_n strengthen_v the_o garrison_n castle_n and_o the_o limit_n with_o such_o watch_n and_o ward_n and_o fortication_n yea_o and_o when_o he_o have_v recover_v the_o province_n restore_v it_o to_o the_o ancient_a estate_n in_o such_o wise_a as_o that_o it_o have_v a_o lawful_a governor_n by_o itself_o and_o be_v afterward_o in_o honour_n of_o valentinian_n the_o emperor_n call_v valentia_n theodosius_n also_o his_o son_n have_v now_o by_o his_o own_o virtue_n attain_v unto_o the_o imperial_a majesty_n have_v a_o provident_a care_n of_o these_o limit_n and_o give_v commandment_n that_o the_o offâ—ciorum_fw-la master_n of_o the_o office_n shall_v year_n by_o year_n give_v advice_n and_o advertisement_n unto_o the_o emperor_n how_o all_o thing_n go_v with_o the_o soldier_n and_o in_o what_o sort_n the_o charge_n of_o castle_n hold_n and_o forefenses_a be_v perform_v but_o when_o the_o roman_a empire_n begin_v once_o to_o decay_v apparent_o and_o the_o pict_n together_o with_o the_o scot_n break_v through_o the_o wall_n of_o turf_n by_o edenborrow-frith_n cruel_o waste_v and_o overranne_a these_o part_n the_o roman_a legion_n send_v to_o aid_v the_o britan_n under_o the_o lead_n of_o gallio_n of_o ravenna_n after_o they_o have_v drive_v away_o and_o quite_o remove_v the_o barbarian_n be_v now_o call_v back_o again_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o france_n exhort_v the_o britan_n these_o be_v the_o very_a word_n of_o gildas_n and_o bede_n to_o make_v a_o wall_n overthwart_o the_o island_n between_o the_o two_o sea_n frith_n which_o may_v serve_v for_o a_o defence_n to_o keep_v off_o the_o enemy_n and_o so_o return_v home_o with_o great_a triumph_n but_o the_o islander_n fall_v to_o build_v of_o a_o wall_n as_o they_o be_v will_v not_o so_o much_o with_o stone_n as_o with_o turf_n consider_v they_o have_v no_o workman_n to_o bring_v up_o so_o great_a a_o piece_n of_o work_n and_o so_o they_o do_v set_v up_o one_o good_a for_o nothing_o which_o as_o gildas_n say_v be_v make_v by_o the_o rude_a and_o unskilful_a common_a multitude_n without_o any_o one_o to_o give_v direction_n not_o so_o much_o of_o stone_n as_o of_o turf_n serve_v they_o in_o no_o stead_n as_o touch_v the_o place_n where_o this_o wall_n be_v make_v bede_n proceed_v to_o write_v in_o this_o manner_n they_o raise_v it_o between_o the_o two_o frith_n or_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n for_o the_o space_n of_o many_o mile_n that_o where_o the_o fence_n of_o water_n fail_v there_o by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o rampire_n they_o may_v defend_v the_o border_n from_o the_o invasion_n of_o enemy_n and_o such_o a_o forefense_a reach_v a_o great_a length_n secure_v assyria_n from_o the_o inroad_n of_o foreign_a nation_n as_o ammianus_n marcellinus_n write_v and_o the_o seres_z at_o this_o day_n as_o we_o read_v in_o osorius_n fortify_v their_o vale_n and_o plain_a champion_n with_o wall_n that_o they_o may_v thereby_o shelter_v and_o defend_v themselves_o from_o the_o violent_a incursion_n of_o the_o scythian_n of_o which_o work_n there_o make_v say_v bede_n that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o a_o most_o broad_a and_o high_a rampire_n a_o man_n may_v see_v the_o express_a and_o certain_a remain_v to_o this_o day_n which_o begin_v almost_o two_o mile_n from_o a_o monastery_n call_v abercurve_v eastward_o at_o a_o place_n name_v in_o the_o pict_n language_n penvahel_n in_o the_o english_a tongue_n penveltun_n and_o reach_v westward_o end_v near_o the_o city_n alcluid_n but_o the_o former_a enemy_n no_o soon_o perceive_v that_o the_o roman_a soldier_n be_v return_v but_o present_o sail_v thither_o by_o water_n break_v through_o the_o bound_n into_o the_o march_n kill_v and_o slay_v all_o before_o they_o and_o whatever_o stand_v in_o their_o way_n they_o go_v down_o with_o it_o under_o foot_n they_o over-trample_a it_o as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v stand_v corn_n ready_a for_o harvest_n whereupon_o ambassador_n be_v dispatch_v again_o to_o rome_n make_v piteous_a moan_n and_o with_o
big_a and_o large_a as_o that_o it_o may_v seem_v to_o match_v with_o a_o city_n vicina_fw-la neither_o go_v it_o for_o any_o other_o but_o a_o castle_n when_o king_n william_n rufus_n have_v raise_v over_o against_o it_o a_o tower_n call_v mal-voisin_a give_v assault_v continual_o to_o mowbray_n while_o he_o rebel_v and_o lurk_v there_o who_o at_o length_n privy_o steal_v away_o &_o escape_v by_o flight_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o beauty_n thereof_o be_v lose_v long_a time_n after_o in_o the_o civil_a war_n when_o bressie_n the_o norman_a redoubt_a soldier_n who_o side_v with_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n exercise_v his_o rage_n against_o it_o very_o outrageous_o since_o than_o it_o have_v be_v sore_o beat_v with_o time_n and_o the_o wind_n together_o which_o have_v blow_v by_o drift_n a_o incredible_a deal_n of_o sand_n of_o the_o sea_n into_o the_o fortress_n viscount_n hereto_o adjoin_v emildon_n sometime_o the_o barony_n of_o john_n le_fw-fr viscont_n but_o rametta_n the_o heir_n of_o that_o house_n sell_v away_o the_o possession_n to_o simon_n de_fw-fr montfort_n earl_n of_o leicester_n 1300._o in_o this_o be_v bear_v john_n duns_n call_v scotus_n because_o he_o be_v descend_v of_o scotish_n blood_n who_o be_v bring_v up_o in_o merton_n college_n at_o oxford_n become_v wonderful_a well_o learned_a in_o logic_n and_o in_o that_o crabbed_a and_o intricate_a divinity_n of_o those_o day_n yet_o as_o one_o still_o doubtful_a and_o unresolved_a he_o do_v overcast_v the_o truth_n of_o religion_n with_o mist_n of_o obscurity_n and_o with_o so_o profound_a and_o admirable_a subtlety_n in_o a_o dark_a and_o rude_a stile_n he_o write_v many_o work_n that_o he_o deserve_v the_o title_n of_o the_o subtle_a doctor_n and_o after_o his_o own_o name_n erect_v a_o new_a sect_n of_o the_o scotist_n but_o he_o die_v pitiful_o be_v take_v with_o a_o apoplexy_n and_o overhasty_o bury_v for_o dead_a while_o upon_o return_n of_o life_n nature_n though_o too_o late_o be_v about_o to_o discuss_v the_o violence_n of_o the_o disease_n and_o he_o make_v mean_n in_o vain_a by_o a_o lamentable_a noise_n to_o call_v for_o help_v after_o he_o have_v a_o long_a time_n knock_v his_o head_n against_o the_o grave_a stone_n dash_v out_o his_o own_o brain_n and_o at_o last_o yield_v up_o his_o vital_a breath_n whereupon_o a_o certain_a italian_a write_v thus_o of_o he_o doctorum_fw-la quaecunque_fw-la humani_fw-la fuerant_fw-la jurisque_fw-la sacrati_fw-la in_o dubium_fw-la veniunt_fw-la cuncta_fw-la vocante_fw-la scoto_n quid_fw-la quod_fw-la &_o in_fw-la dubium_fw-la illius_fw-la sit_fw-la vita_fw-la vocata_fw-la morte_fw-la illum_fw-la simili_fw-la ludificante_fw-la strophâ_fw-la quum_fw-la non_fw-la ante_fw-la virum_fw-la vitâ_fw-la jugularit_fw-la ademptâ_fw-la quam_fw-la vivus_fw-la tumulo_fw-la conditus_fw-la ille_fw-la foret_fw-la all_o learning_n teach_v in_o humane_a book_n and_o couch_v in_o holy_a writ_n dan_o scotus_n dark_a and_o doubtful_a make_v by_o subtlety_n of_o wit_n no_o marvel_v that_o to_o doubtful_a term_n of_o life_n himself_o be_v bring_v while_o with_o like_a wile_n and_o subtle_a trick_n death_n on_o his_o body_n wrought_v when_o as_o her_o stroke_n to_o kill_v outright_o she_o will_v not_o he_o vouchsafe_v until_o the_o man_n a_o piteous_a case_n be_v bury_v quick_a in_o grave_n that_o he_o be_v bear_v here_o in_o england_n i_o avouch_v it_o out_o of_o his_o own_o manuscript_n work_v in_o the_o library_n of_o merton_n college_n in_o oxford_n and_o upon_o their_o faithful_a testimony_n which_o conclude_v in_o this_o manner_n explicit_fw-la lectura_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o be_v thus_o end_v the_o lecture_n of_o the_o subtle_a doctor_n in_o the_o university_n of_o paris_n john_n duns_n bear_v in_o a_o certain_a little_a village_n or_o hamlet_n within_o the_o parish_n of_o emildon_n call_v dunston_n in_o the_o county_n of_o northumberland_n pertain_v to_o the_o house_n of_o the_o scholar_n of_o merton_n hall_n in_o oxford_n on_o this_o shore_n forward_o there_o be_v nothing_o to_o be_v see_v worth_a relation_n but_o the_o holy_a island_n whereof_o i_o will_v write_v in_o due_a place_n until_o a_o man_n come_v to_o the_o mouth_n of_o twede_n which_o part_v england_n and_o scotland_n a_o great_a way_n asunder_o twede_o and_o be_v call_v the_o east_n limit_n and_o thereupon_o our_o necham_n thus_o write_v insinuate_v that_o the_o hither_o part_n of_o scotland_n be_v call_v pict-land_n anglos_n à _fw-la pictis_fw-la sejungit_fw-la limit_fw-la certo_fw-la flumen_n quod_fw-la tuedam_fw-la pristina_fw-la lingua_fw-la vocat_fw-la the_o river_n twede_o a_o certain_a bind_v divide_v *_o pict-land_n from_o english_a ground_n this_o river_n break_v forth_o at_o a_o number_n of_o spring_n out_o of_o the_o mountain_n of_o scotland_n wander_v a_o great_a while_n with_o many_o a_o crooked_a wind_a in_o and_o out_o among_o the_o ranke-rider_n and_o borderer_n to_o give_v they_o no_o worse_o term_n who_o manner_n be_v as_o one_o say_v to_o try_v their_o right_n by_o the_o sword_n point_n but_o when_o he_o be_v come_v hard_o to_o a_o village_n call_v carram_n carram_n wax_v a_o great_a deal_n big_a by_o reason_n of_o many_o water_n fall_v unto_o he_o he_o begin_v to_o distinguish_v the_o confine_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o when_o he_o have_v water_v werke_n werk_n a_o castle_n often_o assault_v by_o the_o scottish_a belong_v in_o time_n pass_v to_o the_o ross_n and_o now_o to_o the_o gray_n who_o by_o feat_n of_o arm_n have_v win_v much_o honour_n he_o be_v increase_v more_o with_o the_o stream_n of_o till_n a_o river_n that_o have_v two_o name_n for_o at_o the_o head_n bramish_a which_o be_v in_o the_o innermore_o part_n of_o this_o country_n it_o be_v call_v bramish_a and_o upon_o it_o stand_v bramton_n a_o little_a village_n very_o obscure_a and_o almost_o of_o no_o reckon_n from_o whence_o it_o go_v northward_o by_o bengeley_n bramton_n which_o together_o with_o brampton_n itself_o with_o broundum_fw-la rodam_n which_o have_v give_v name_n to_o a_o stock_n in_o this_o tract_n of_o good_a note_n edelingham_n etc._n etc._n be_v in_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o his_o time_n the_o barony_n of_o patrick_n earl_n of_o dunbar_n who_o also_o as_o we_o read_v in_o the_o book_n of_o inquisition_n be_v inborow_n and_o outborow_n between_o england_n and_o scotland_n signify_v that_o be_v to_o say_v if_o i_o mistake_v it_o not_o he_o be_v to_o allow_v and_o observe_v in_o this_o part_n the_o ingress_n and_o egress_n of_o those_o that_o travail_v too_o and_o fro_o between_o both_o realm_n for_o englishman_n in_o ancient_a time_n call_v in_o their_o language_n a_o entry_n and_o before_o court_n or_o gatehouse_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d high_a somewhat_o stand_v chevelingham_n now_o call_v chillingham_n hard_o by_o the_o river_n which_o like_a as_o horton_n not_o far_o distant_a from_o it_o have_v their_o castle_n belong_v to_o the_o grey_n ever_o since_o that_o those_o two_o family_n of_o the_o grey_n be_v conjoin_v in_o one_o by_o marriage_n there_o lie_v near_o unto_o it_o wollover_n wollover_n a_o barony_n which_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o give_v to_o robert_n 14._o muschampe_n who_o bear_v azure_a three_o butterfly_n or_o papilion_n argent_fw-fr of_o who_o race_n descend_v robert_n who_o in_o henry_n the_o three_o his_o reign_n be_v repute_v the_o mighty_a baron_n in_o these_o north_n part_n but_o the_o inheritance_n be_v quick_o dismember_v and_o part_v among_o the_o female_n one_o of_o who_o be_v marry_v unto_o the_o earl_n of_o stratherne_n in_o scotland_n a_o second_o to_o sir_n william_n de_fw-fr huntercombe_n and_o a_o three_o to_o odonell_n ford._n then_o the_o river_n of_o glen_n from_o out_o of_o the_o west_n augment_v till_o with_o his_o water_n and_o name_v the_o vale_n that_o he_o run_v through_o glendale_n touch_v this_o little_a river_n bede_n write_v thus_o paulinus_n come_v with_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n into_o a_o manor_n or_o house_n of_o the_o king_n call_v ad-gebrin_a at_o this_o day_n yeverin_n abide_v with_o they_o 36._o day_n there_o employ_v whole_o in_o the_o catechise_n and_o baptise_v during_o all_o which_o time_n he_o do_v nothing_o from_o morning_n but_o instruct_v the_o people_n resort_v to_o he_o in_o the_o save_a word_n of_o christ_n and_o be_v thus_o instruct_v he_o baptize_v they_o to_o the_o forgiveness_n of_o their_o sin_n in_o the_o river_n of_o glen_n which_o be_v hard_o by_o this_o house_n be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o succeed_a king_n neglect_v and_o another_o make_v for_o it_o in_o a_o place_n call_v melmin_n melfeld_n but_o at_o this_o day_n melfeld_n here_o within_o a_o little_a of_o brum-ridge_n brunford_n by_o brumeford_n k._n athelstan_n fight_v a_o pitch_a field_n with_o aulase_n the_o dane_n constantine_n k._n of_o scot_n and_o eugenius_n or_o owein_n prince_n of_o cumberland_n with_o so_o fortunate_a success_n that_o this_o battle_n be_v most_o famous_a far_o
constans_n &_o constantius_n break_v out_o into_o this_o exclamation_n in_o winter_n time_n a_o thing_n that_o never_o be_v do_v before_o nor_o ever_o will_v be_v do_v again_o you_o trample_v under_o your_o oar_n the_o swell_a and_o rage_a billow_n of_o the_o british_a ocean_n the_o wave_n of_o the_o sea_n unknown_a in_o a_o manner_n before_o time_n unto_o we_o than_o tremble_v and_o quake_v and_o the_o britan_n be_v terrify_v at_o the_o sudden_a presence_n of_o the_o emperor_n what_o will_v you_o more_o the_o very_a element_n yield_v themselves_o as_o conquer_v unto_o your_o valorous_a virtue_n the_o famous_a learned_a man_n julius_n scaliger_n in_o his_o poeticall_n affirm_v that_o caurus_n the_o northwest_n wind_n arise_v and_o blow_v out_o of_o this_o british_a sea_n caurus_n and_o that_o against_o the_o opinion_n of_o lucan_n who_o write_v thus_o primus_fw-la ab_fw-la oceano_fw-la caput_fw-la exeris_fw-la atlantaeo_n caure_n movens_fw-la aestus_fw-la from_o ocean_n call_v atlantic_a caur_n thou_o first_o thy_o head_n do_v show_v make_v sea_n fall_v and_o curse_v certes_o in_o ireland_n he_o keep_v foul_a work_n and_o play_v the_o tyrant_n and_o caesar_n write_v that_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o year_n he_o stand_v in_o this_o coast_n but_o whereas_o some_o write_v that_o in_o this_o our_o sea_n ship_n be_v first_o devise_v &_o use_v i_o be_o not_o dispose_v to_o believe_v they_o but_o pliny_n witness_v that_o the_o britan_n use_v small_a wicker_n vessel_n britan_n cover_v over_o with_o hide_n which_o at_o this_o day_n they_o term_v corraghs_n and_o with_o pliny_n accord_v lucan_n who_o versifi_v in_o this_o wise_a primùm_fw-la cana_fw-la salix_fw-la madefacto_fw-la vimine_fw-la parvam_fw-la texitur_fw-la in_o puppim_fw-la caesóque_fw-la induta_fw-la juvenco_fw-la vectoris_fw-la patience_n tumidum_fw-la super_fw-la emicat_fw-la amnem_fw-la sic_fw-la venetus_n stagnante_fw-la pado_n fusoque_fw-la britannus_n navigate_fw-la oceano_fw-la at_o first_o wet_a twig_n of_o willow_n grey_a that_o long_o in_o soak_v have_v lie_v and_o cover_v over_o close_o with_o hide_n of_o ox_n or_o bullock_n slay_v but_o wrought_v before_o unto_o the_o form_n of_o little_a bark_n or_o boat_n use_v to_o carry_v passenger_n the_o swell_a stream_n afloat_o thus_o over_o po_n that_o river_n large_a sail_v the_o venetian_a and_o thus_o the_o britain_n make_v way_n upon_o the_o spacious_a ocean_n semblable_o solinus_n polyhistor_n in_o the_o sea_n between_o britain_n and_o ireland_n they_o sail_v in_o wicker_n bottom_n which_o they_o cover_v round_o about_o with_o ox_n hide_v and_o how_o long_o soever_o as_o the_o course_n hold_v so_o long_o the_o sailor_n forbear_v food_n as_o for_o the_o commodity_n which_o this_o sea_n afford_v the_o warmth_n whereby_o it_o comfort_v and_o cherish_v the_o earth_n the_o vapour_n wherewith_o it_o nourish_v the_o air_n and_o bedew_v the_o field_n touch_v also_o the_o great_a variety_n of_o fish_n that_o it_o breed_v as_o salmon_n which_o bede_n call_v isicios_fw-la as_o pliny_n esox_n plaice_n punger_n cod_n haddock_n whiting_n herring_n basse_fw-fr maccarell_n mullet_n turbit_n seal_n or_o sea-calve_n rochet_n sole_n pilchard_n raifish_n or_o scale_n thornback_n oyster_n lobster_n crabfish_n and_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o other_o whereof_o it_o maintain_v and_o feed_v innumerable_a skull_n and_o bed_n it_o be_v not_o material_a to_o speak_v pearl_n they_o be_v so_o well_o know_v yet_o the_o pearl_n be_v not_o to_o be_v overpass_v in_o silence_n which_o king_n jubas_fw-la report_v to_o be_v shape_v round_o and_o to_o swim_v in_o the_o british_a sea_n by_o flock_n or_o swarm_n in_o manner_n of_o bee_n follow_v their_o captain_n and_o leader_n and_o marcellinus_n when_o he_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o persian_a and_o indian_a pearl_n which_o kind_n of_o gem_n say_v he_o we_o be_v not_o ignorant_a to_o be_v engender_v and_o gather_v in_o the_o creek_n of_o the_o british_a sea_n although_o they_o be_v not_o of_o that_o beauty_n and_o worth_a which_o although_o they_o be_v account_v by_o pliny_n small_a one_o and_o ill_o colour_v yet_o suetonius_n write_v that_o caesar_n make_v his_o voyage_n into_o britain_n in_o hope_n of_o they_o and_o that_o they_o be_v of_o such_o bigness_n as_o he_o take_v the_o poise_n of_o some_o of_o they_o by_o hand_n and_o dedicate_v a_o breastplate_n make_v of_o they_o unto_o venus_n genitrix_n which_o he_o also_o witness_v by_o a_o subscription_n origen_n likewise_o as_o touch_v these_o pearl_n write_v thus_o sea-pearle_n such_o as_o be_v most_o notable_a be_v find_v among_o the_o indian_n but_o the_o best_a be_v breed_v in_o the_o red_a sea_n in_o the_o next_o place_n be_v those_o pearl_n which_o be_v take_v in_o the_o british_a ocean_n but_o of_o a_o three_o sort_n and_o inferior_a in_o goodness_n not_o to_o those_o first_o only_o but_o also_o to_o these_o of_o the_o second_o degree_n be_v they_o that_o be_v find_v in_o bosphorus_n near_o scythia_n and_o after_o a_o few_o line_n but_o that_o kind_a which_o they_o say_v be_v get_v in_o britain_n for_o the_o superficial_a colour_n very_o somewhat_o resemble_v a_o golden_a hue_n but_o cloudy_a it_o be_v and_o trouble_v and_o for_o the_o lustre_n with_o the_o dim_a furthermore_n our_o venerable_a bede_n write_v of_o the_o shell-fish_n of_o this_o our_o sea_n among_o they_o say_v he_o there_o be_v musculae_fw-la muscle_n wherein_o they_o find_v enclose_v oftentimes_o the_o best_a pearl_n of_o all_o colour_n of_o purple_a violet_n and_o green_a but_o especial_o of_o bright_a white_a there_o be_v cochles_a also_o in_o exceed_v great_a abundance_n wherewith_o they_o die_v a_o scarlet_a colour_n the_o most_o beautiful_a red_a hue_n whereof_o no_o heat_n of_o sun_n nor_o injury_n of_o rain_n be_v ever_o able_a to_o make_v pale_a but_o the_o venustior_fw-la old_a it_o be_v the_o fair_a it_o show_v and_o tertullian_n reprove_v the_o lavish_a expense_n and_o superfluity_n in_o his_o time_n if_o ambitious_a pride_n say_v he_o may_v be_v maintain_v from_o the_o british_a or_o indian_a sea_n there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o shellfish_n more_o pleasant_a in_o taste_n i_o say_v not_o than_o the_o purple_a fish_n or_o oyster_n but_o than_o the_o very_a scallop_n itself_o this_o sea_n which_o general_o be_v call_v mare_fw-la britannicum_fw-la and_o oceanus_n caledonius_fw-la according_a to_o the_o divers_a situation_n of_o place_n have_v sundry_a and_o distinct_a name_n eastward_o where_o it_o have_v germany_n opposite_a unto_o it_o they_o call_v it_o the_o german_a sea_n northward_o it_o be_v term_v the_o hyberborean_a sea_n which_o ancient_a writer_n report_v untrue_o to_o be_v dead_a dull_a and_o heavy_a for_o the_o oar_n and_o in_o that_o respect_n not_o raise_v with_o wind_n and_o tacitus_n believe_v it_o be_v so_o belike_o because_o as_o he_o write_v the_o land_n and_o mountain_n be_v rare_a which_o minister_n cause_n and_o matter_n of_o tempest_n and_o for_o that_o a_o deep_a mass_n of_o continuat_fw-la sea_n be_v more_o slow_o stir_v to_o work_v and_o rage_n on_o the_o west_n side_n it_o be_v name_v oceanus_n deucaledonius_n and_o vergivius_n both_o south_n and_o west_n from_o ireland_n but_o all_o the_o way_n that_o it_o run_v between_o britain_n and_o ireland_n the_o hibernicus_n that_o be_v solinus_z irish_a sea_n and_o by_o seaman_n at_o this_o day_n s._n george_n channel_n and_o ancient_a writer_n have_v record_v that_o it_o rage_v all_o the_o year_n long_o with_o surge_a billow_n and_o counter_a sea_n and_o never_o be_v at_o rest_n nor_o navigable_a unless_o it_o be_v in_o some_o few_o summer_n day_n but_o southward_o where_o it_o interflow_v france_n and_o britain_n it_o be_v proper_o call_v the_o british_a sea_n and_o by_o the_o common_a mariner_n the_o channel_n by_o english_a sailor_n the_o sleeve_n and_o in_o the_o same_o sense_n le_fw-fr manche_n in_o french_a because_o it_o grow_v narrow_a in_o manner_n of_o a_o sleeve_n and_o this_o name_n of_o the_o british_a sea_n extend_v as_o far_o as_o to_o spain_n as_o write_v pomponius_n mela_n 4._o be_v himself_o also_o a_o spaniard_n where_o he_o report_v that_o the_o pyrene_n mountain_n run_v forth_o into_o the_o british_a ocean_n moreover_o there_o be_v certain_a land_n which_o as_o it_o be_v for_o a_o show_n nature_n have_v be_v sprinkle_v along_o these_o sea_n few_o towards_o the_o east_n and_o south_n part_n but_o westward_o and_o northward_o more_o in_o number_n for_o there_o by_o their_o thick_a stand_v together_o they_o do_v after_o a_o sort_n garnish_v the_o sea_n yea_o and_o depaint_v it_o as_o it_o be_v with_o their_o colour_n in_o most_o pleasant_a sort_n but_o for_o as_o much_o as_o ireland_n far_o excel_v all_o the_o rest_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o greatness_n thereof_o and_o frequency_n of_o resort_n thereto_o it_o require_v by_o due_a right_n that_o it_o shall_v first_o be_v treat_v of_o hibernia_n ireland_n in_o the_o vergivian_n sea_n vergivian_n
to_o embrace_v other_o man_n riches_n riches_n who_o for_o christ_n sake_n have_v forsake_v their_o own_o and_o the_o bishop_n of_o britain_n seem_v no_o less_o to_o have_v despise_v riches_n see_v they_o be_v so_o poor_a that_o they_o have_v nothing_o of_o their_o own_o for_o as_o we_o read_v in_o sulpitius_n severus_n three_o bishop_n of_o britain_n in_o the_o council_n hold_v at_o rimine_n for_o want_v of_o their_o own_o live_v of_o the_o public_a charge_n the_o english_a saxon_n also_o in_o that_o age_n conflow_v and_o resort_v from_o all_o part_n into_o ireland_n as_o it_o be_v to_o the_o mart_n of_o good_a learning_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o we_o read_v so_o often_o in_o our_o writer_n concern_v holy_a man_n thus_o such_o a_o one_o be_v send_v over_o into_o ireland_n for_o to_o be_v train_v up_o in_o learning_n and_o in_o the_o life_n of_o sulgen_n who_o flourish_v 600._o year_n ago_o exemplo_fw-la patrum_fw-la commotus_fw-la amore_fw-la legendi_fw-la ivit_fw-la ad_fw-la hibernos_fw-la sophiâ_fw-la mirabile_fw-la claros_fw-la the_o father_n old_a he_o follow_v for_o love_v to_o read_v good_a work_n go_v unto_o irish_a man_n who_o be_v o_o wonder_n famous_a clerk_n irish._n and_o from_o thence_o it_o may_v seem_v our_o forefather_n the_o ancient_a english_a learn_v the_o manner_n of_o frame_v their_o letter_n and_o of_o writing_n consider_v that_o they_o use_v the_o self_n same_o character_n which_o the_o irish_a common_o use_v at_o this_o day_n and_o no_o cause_n have_v we_o to_o marvel_v that_o ireland_n which_o now_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v rude_a half_o barbarous_a and_o altogether_o void_a of_o any_o polite_a and_o exquisite_a literature_n be_v full_a of_o so_o devout_a godly_a &_o good_a wit_n in_o that_o age_n wherein_o good_a letter_n throughout_o all_o christendom_n lie_v neglect_v and_o half_o bury_v see_v that_o the_o divine_a providence_n of_o that_o most_o gracious_a and_o almighty_a ruler_n of_o the_o world_n sow_v the_o seed_n and_o bring_v forth_o the_o plant_n of_o sanctity_n and_o good_a art_n age_n one_o while_o in_o one_o nation_n and_o other_o while_n in_o another_o as_o it_o be_v in_o garden_n bed_n and_o border_n and_o that_o in_o sundry_a age_n which_o be_v remove_v and_o translate_v hither_o and_o thither_o may_v by_o a_o new_a growth_n come_v up_o one_o under_o another_o prosper_v and_o be_v preserve_v to_o his_o own_o glory_n and_o the_o good_a of_o mankind_n but_o the_o outrage_n of_o war_n by_o little_a and_o little_o quench_v these_o hot_a affection_n and_o study_n of_o holiness_n and_o good_a literature_n for_o in_o the_o year_n 644._o after_o christ_n nativity_n egfrid_n king_n of_o northumberland_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n make_v spoil_v and_o havoc_n of_o ireland_n a_o nation_n most_o friendly_a unto_o england_n for_o which_o cause_n bede_n charge_v he_o after_o a_o sort_n in_o most_o grave_a and_o important_a term_n afterwards_o the_o norwegian_n under_o the_o lead_n of_o turgese_n their_o captain_n spoil_v and_o waste_v the_o country_n in_o most_o lamentable_a manner_n for_o the_o space_n of_o 30._o year_n but_o when_o he_o be_v once_o slay_v by_o a_o train_n and_o ambush_n lay_v for_o he_o the_o inhabitant_n fall_v upon_o the_o norwegian_n and_o make_v such_o a_o bloody_a massacre_n of_o they_o that_o scarce_o any_o one_o survive_v to_o be_v a_o messenger_n of_o so_o great_a a_o slaughter_n these_o norwegian_n be_v no_o doubt_n those_o norman_n who_o as_o rhegino_n say_v in_o the_o time_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a set_v upon_o ireland_n a_o isle_n of_o the_o scot_n be_v by_o the_o scot_n put_v to_o flight_n aisti_fw-la after_o this_o the_o oustman_n as_o one_o will_v say_v esterling_n or_o eastmen_n come_v out_o of_o the_o seacoast_n of_o germany_n into_o ireland_n who_o have_v enter_v into_o certain_a city_n under_o the_o pretence_n of_o great_a traffic_n in_o a_o short_a space_n raise_v a_o most_o dangerous_a war_n about_o the_o very_a same_o time_n in_o manner_n eadgar_n that_o most_o puissant_a king_n of_o england_n conquer_v also_o a_o great_a part_n of_o ireland_n for_o thus_o we_o read_v in_o a_o certain_a charter_n of_o he_o unto_o who_o god_n of_o his_o gracious_a favour_n have_v grant_v together_o with_o the_o empire_n of_o england_n dominion_n over_o all_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o isle_n lie_v in_o the_o ocean_n with_o their_o most_o stout_a and_o fierce_a king_n even_o as_o far_o as_o to_o norway_n yea_o and_o to_o subdue_v under_o the_o english_a empire_n the_o great_a part_n of_o ireland_n with_o her_o most_o noble_a city_n dublin_n after_o these_o tempestuous_a foreign_a war_n be_v allay_v there_o follow_v a_o most_o grievous_a storm_n of_o civil_a dissension_n at_o home_n which_o make_v way_n for_o the_o english_a to_o conquer_v ireland_n for_o henry_n the_o second_o king_n of_o england_n take_v occasion_n and_o opportunity_n by_o the_o privy_a dislike_n heartburning_n and_o malicious_a emulation_n among_o the_o irish_a prince_n grow_v into_o a_o serious_a deliberation_n with_o the_o noble_n of_o england_n in_o the_o year_n of_o salvation_n 1155._o about_o the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n for_o the_o behoof_n of_o his_o brother_n william_n of_o anjou_n but_o through_o the_o counsel_n of_o his_o mother_n maude_n the_o empress_n this_o project_n be_v reject_v unto_o another_o time_n howbeit_o not_o many_o year_n between_o dermicius_fw-la morrog_n the_o son_n of_o murchard_n dermot_n mac_n morrog_n they_o call_v he_o who_o reign_v over_o the_o east_n part_n of_o ireland_n which_o in_o latin_a be_v call_v lagenia_fw-la and_o common_o leinster_n be_v for_o his_o tyranny_n and_o lustful_a lewdness_n thrust_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n for_o he_o have_v ravish_v the_o wife_n of_o o_o rorke_n a_o petty_a king_n of_o meth_n obtain_v aid_n and_o force_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o king_n of_o england_n to_o be_v restore_v into_o his_o kingdom_n again_o and_o make_v a_o covenant_n with_o richard_n earl_n of_o pembroch_o strongbow_n surname_v strongbow_n of_o the_o house_n of_o clare_n that_o he_o for_o his_o part_n shall_v aid_v he_o in_o the_o recover_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o that_o himself_o will_v assure_v unto_o the_o earl_n together_o with_o his_o daughter_n eva_n the_o say_a kingdom_n in_o succession_n after_o he_o hereupon_o the_o say_a earl_n have_v forthwith_o muster_v up_o and_o raise_v a_o army_n of_o welsh_a and_o english_a together_o and_o join_v unto_o he_o to_o accompany_v he_o in_o the_o war_n the_o fitz-giralds_a fitz-stephans_a and_o other_o gentleman_n out_o of_o england_n and_o wales_n restore_v his_o father_n in_o law_n dermot_n into_o his_o former_a kingdom_n again_o and_o within_o few_o year_n get_v by_o conquest_n so_o great_a a_o part_n of_o ireland_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n that_o his_o power_n become_v now_o suspect_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n who_o by_o proclamation_n and_o that_o with_o grievous_a menace_n recall_v home_o the_o say_a earl_n and_o his_o follower_n out_o of_o ireland_n and_o unless_o they_o obey_v without_o delay_n pronounce_v they_o traitor_n and_o their_o good_n confiscate_v whereupon_o the_o earl_n grant_v unto_o the_o king_n by_o covenant_n and_o writing_n whatsoever_o he_o either_o inherit_v in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n or_o win_v with_o his_o sword_n and_o as_o his_o tenant_n in_o vassalage_n receive_v from_o he_o the_o earldom_n of_o weisford_n ireland_n ossorie_n caterlogh_n and_o kildare_n with_o certain_a castle_n then_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o have_v gather_v a_o power_n together_o in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1172._o sail_v over_o into_o ireland_n and_o obtain_v the_o princely_a title_n of_o sovereign_a rule_n of_o the_o island_n for_o the_o state_n of_o ireland_n pass_v over_o unto_o he_o all_o their_o rule_n and_o power_n houth_n namely_o rothericke_n o_o conor_fw-la dun_n that_o be_v the_o brown_a monarch_n of_o ireland_n dermot_n mac_n carti_fw-la king_n of_o cork_n donald_n o_o burn_v king_n of_o limiâ—icke_n o_o carell_n king_n of_o uriel_n macshaglin_n king_n of_o ophaly_n o_o rorke_v king_n of_o meth_n o_o neale_n king_n of_o ulster_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o noble_n and_o their_o people_n and_o the_o same_o under_o their_o charter_n subscribe_v sign_v deliver_v and_o transmit_v to_o rome_n which_o be_v ratify_v and_o confirm_v moreover_o by_o a_o patent_n of_o pope_n hadrian_n by_o a_o ring_n deliver_v unto_o he_o in_o token_n of_o his_o investiture_n and_o also_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o certain_a provincial_n synod_n this_o king_n henry_n afterward_o deliver_v up_o the_o signiory_n of_o ireland_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o son_n john_n which_o conveyance_n pope_n urban_n confirm_v by_o his_o bull_n and_o in_o testimony_n of_o his_o confirmation_n send_v he_o a_o coronet_n of_o peacock_n feather_n braid_a and_o embroider_v with_o gold_n who_o after_o he_o be_v once_o establish_v in_o