the Mosaical pedagogy and probably their deferting the Lords day Sabbath and adhering to the Jewish was one special part of their apostacy The first of these is plain to any understanding Christian that shall throughly study the whole scope and drift of the Epistle And I think we may very probably suppose the truth of the latter also What part of the old administration were they more likely to be zealous of than the Seventh day Sabbath in the observation whereof they had formerly been so excessively and rigorously superstitious Mat. 12.2 Mar. 3.2 And therefore it may seem consonant to the Apostles scope as to set forth the vanishing and disappearing of the legal oblations and sacrifices so to speak as here concerning the abrogation of their Sabbath and substitution of the Lords day in the room of it 2 The Holy Ghost speaketh here of a certain day of rest the celebration of a set determinate day and not of the whole season of the gospei indefinitely And what set determinate day is there that may be fitly assigned as the time of a believers rest but the Lords day See v. 7. Again he limiteth a certain day 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Saying in David to day after so long a time as it is said to day if ye will hear his voice hardon not your hearts And then it followeth thereupon v. 9. There remaineth therefore the celebration of a Sabbath 3 This determinate day of rest which the Apostle calleth the Sabbath that is to be kept is clearly to be meant of that day wherein the people of Christ meet together in the worship of God and provoke and quicken one another to hear the word of the Lord. For so it plainly appeareth from the 95. Psalm from which portion of Scripture the Apostles argument is taken and upon which his whole discourse of this matter is built See the whole entrance of the Psalm particularly the sixth and seventh verses O come let us worship and bow down Let us kneel before the Lord our maker For he is our God and we are the people of his pasture and the sheep of his hand To day if ye will hear his voice It is of this day and the rest of it which the text I am opening is to bemeant And what day is that in the times of the gospel but the Christian Sabbath There is not to be met with any other day wherein the Saints can be supposed ordinarily to exhort and quicken each other unto the worship of God The other six dayes are appointed for labour 4 A believers personal rest into which he enters by faith was enjoyed by the Saints in the times of the old Testament For they were saved by the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ even as we But the Apostle treateth here out of the words of David of a rest or Sabbath to be celebrated a long time after even in the daies of the New Testament for that Psalm is a prophesy of evangelical dispensations As it is said in David to day after so long a time By the same reason that the Apostle proveth that this day of rest must not be meant of the Jewish Sabbath because that was instituted from the beginning of the world Heb. 4.3 We may prove it is not meant primarily of a believers personal rest by faith because that was enjoyed by the Saints in all ages of the Church before the dayes of David But here he prophecieth of a priviledg that was to be conferred on the people of Christ a long time after 5 The Apostle is to be understood of the celebration of such a Sabbath as is to be kept upon the like ground in reference to the Lord Christs ceasing from his work as the Seventh dayes Sabbath was in relation to Gods ceasing from his work For so it is in v. 10. which I mentioned For he that is entred into his rest that is the Lord Jesus Christ our Redeemer hath ceased from his work as God did from his own And therefore there remaineth a Sabbath for Christians to cefebrate I know the words are usually understood of a Believers ceasing from the works of sin But let it be well considered that the Holy Ghost speaketh of such a ceasing as Gods was when the creation was finished He rested the seventh day and was refreshed he looked on every thing that he made and beheld it was very good entirely good nothing but Good This is justly attributable unto Christs work of redemption but cannot so fitly be applyed unto the Saints When they cease from sin behold it appeareth unto them exceeding evil and bitter and they are filled thereupon with godly shame and self abhorrence Ezek. 36.26 29 31. Besides the Apostle speaketh afterwards of Christs passing into the heavens as relating to somewhat that had been before delivered And unto what can it refer but unto his entring into his rest which includes his passing into the heavens So it followeth v. 14. Seeing then that we have a great high Priest that is passed into the heavens Jesus the Son of God let us hold fest our profession Mark it is the same person that is said to have passed into the heavens v. 14. that is spoken of as entring into his rest v. 10. For seeing that he is passed into the heavens And he that is entred into his rest is the person that hath ceased from his work as God did from his own And upon this account there remaineth the celebration of a Sabbath unto the people †See Carter on the Covenant with Abraham page 6 7 c. And Cotton on singing of Psalms p. 10 11. From whom I have borrowed much of this matter of God Further yet the Holy Ghost seemeth plainly to distinguish in that 10. v. between the works of redemption which are ascribed to the Son and the works of Creation which are peculiarly attributed to the Father and are therefore called his own works as the Text is to be rendred * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 A believer upon his conversion is delivered indeed from the dominion and power of sin but not wholly freed from all remainders of pollution still there is a Law in his members warring against the Law of his mind and leading him often captive to the performance of his works even to manifold sins through infirmity So that it cannot so fully be said of a Christian whilst in the body that he hath ceased from his works But of our Lord Jesus Christ it is exactly verified who upon his rising from the dead came forth as a victor from the conquest which he made and entred into his state of exaltation 6 The Psalmist treating of this day of rest which the Apostle referreth to doth instance in most of the Solemn parts of worship which are to be discharged on the Sabbath 1. Singing of Psalms Psal 95.1 2. 2. Prayer v. 6.3 Hearing the word which implyeth the Preaching of the word v. 7 8. All to be
performed by the united companies of the people of God on that day of rest 7 The Psalmist urgeth to the practise of those duties from the consideration mainly of Gods work of Creation v. 4 5 6 7. Which is the reason given for the institution of a Sabbath To the commemoration whereof the Lords day fitly serveth as being a seventh day as well as to the celebration of the work of Redemption being the Resurrection day the first day of the week 8 The Apostle presseth the Hebrews to the observation of this rest from two special arguments which may seem clearly to relate to the work of the Sabbath 1. Because it would be a special means to prevent Apostasy Heb. 4.11 Lest any man fall And what duty is likely to be more effectual to that end than a conscientious sanctification of the Lords day 2. From the mighty influence and efficacy of the word of God upon mens hearts v. 12. q. d. Be very diligent and heedful to keep this day of rest and to wait upon God in his ordinances and to give attendance upon his word for it is not in vain so to do His word will cleanse your hearts and consciences from dead works for it is quick and powerful and sharper than any two edged sword I might add 3. From the consideration of the omniscience and heart seurching power of God with whom our business lieth in all religious exercises especially See v. 13. But I must forbear Pardon this larg digression or out-leap which yet will not be unuseful if it may but serve to provoke some others of greater abilâ—ties to make a more diligent search into the Scope and drift of this Scripture I will study brevity in that which doth remain 3. To preserve you from infection by the example of the multitude as to the neglect of the Sabbath Be often meditating upon the manifold advantages that will arise from a conscientious sanctification thereof and the blessings entailed thereupon This is the way to attain the most intimate acquaintance with God and to get tasts of the sweetness of the way of holiness There are many persons who complain of a strict course of religion as a tedious and burdensom way Behold what a weariness it is unto their spirits and they never found that sweetness and that spiritual joy and refreshment which believers are wont to speak of Probably the reason may be for want of diligence and faithfulness in sanctification of the Sabbath for thereunto is the promise of divine consolations annexed Finally it hath assurance of the mercies of this life and of that which is to come Be much in studying that pregnant text Isa 58.13 14. If thou turn away thy foot from the sabbath from doing thy pleasure on my holy day and call the Sabbath a delight the holy of the Lord honourable and shalt honour him not doing thine own wayes nor finding thine own pleasure nor speaking thine own words Then shalt thou delight thy self in the Lord and I will cause thee to ride upon the high places of the earth and feed thee with the heritage of Jacob thy father for the mouth of the Lord hath spoken it This is the second thing to be noted as to the time of religion 3. The generality of people will cry unto God and seem tobe much displeased with their sins only in the time of sickness and adversity when the hand of God is upon them and his rod upon their backs But in the dayes of their health and prosperity they forget the Lord and perhaps entertain not so much as a serious thought of him from one end of the day to the other This the Prophet notes as a common evil Isa 26.10 Let favour be shewed to the wicked yet will he not learn righteousness in the land of uprightness will he deal unjustly and will not behold the majesty of the Lord. But let him be reduced into straits and exigencies and bound with fetrers of affliction on the bed of sorrowes then he will at least seemingly lament and mourn and be earnest in seeking unto God For so it followeth v. 16. Lord in trouble have they visited thee they poured out a prayer when thy chastening was upon them This was the temper of the Israelites of old and the multitude take the like course Psal 78.34 35 36 37. When he slew them then they sought him and they returned and inquired early after God And they remembred that God was their rock and the high God their Redeemer Nevertheless they did flatter him with their mouth and lied unto him with their tongues For their heart was not right with him neither were they stedfast in his covenant My brethren you must not herein follow the track of the multitude Labour as to improve afflictions so to spiritualize all your comforts and to serve the Lord with the best of your strength and abilities Do not put him off with your sick-bed devotions and some flittering promises of obedience when you are in distress but manifest the sincerity of your hearts by dedicating your most prosperous dayes and enjoyments unto his glory That is the sure way to lay up in store a good foundation of support and comfort against the day of trouble Else what cause will there be to suspect that your affliction-eries are but the howling of hypocrites Hos 7.14 How can you with such confidence address your selves to the Lord for succour in the day of tribulation and adversity if you forget him in the time of your prosperity and peace May not you justly fear least he should laugh at your calamity and mock when your fear cometh least he should refuse to answer any of your requests in mercy least he should put you off to the world which you served and to the lusts which you satisfied to fetch your comfort from thence when you are surrounded with sorrows And they would be sure to prove very miserable comforters Instead of asswaging your grief they would increase your anguish and bring further horrour and perplexity into your spirits So he threatned thaâ— sinful people Jer. 2.27 28. They say unto a stock thou art my father and to a stone thou hast brought me forth for they have turned their back unto me and not the face But in the time of their trouble they will say arise and save us But where are thy Gods which thou hast made thee Let them arise if they can save thee in the time of thy trouble q. d. You would have none of me for your master when the Sun of prosperity shone upon your tabernacles and now you are reduced into straits and extremities I will have nothing to do with you except it be in a way of wrath and judgment My brethren if you be guilty of the like impiety how justly may you fear the same dreadful dismission Often read and study that awakening scripture Deut. 28.45 46 47 48. Moreover all these curses shall come upon thee and shall pursue thee
profaning the Sabbath-day God is wont to spare a rebellious people till the measure of their iniquities are filled up and then he sweeps them away with the besom of destruction Gen. 15.16 But you will say when is iniquity like to come to its full Why when one generation goeth on after another to slight the Majesty of the Lord and to trample upon his word Then God will visit upon such a people their own sins and their fathers also He will visit their iniquity to the third and fourth generation Mat. 23.31 32. Ye are the children of them which killed the Prophets Fill ye up then the measure of your fathers And Isa 65.6 7. Behold it is written before me I will not keep silence But will recompense even recompense into their bosom your iniquities and the iniquities of your fathers together saith the Lord which have burnt incense upon the mountains and blasphemed me upon the hills therefore I will measure their former work into their bosom So that I may fitly conclude this point with the instruction of the Prophet Zechariah Chap. 1.4 Be ye not as your fathers unto whom the former Prophets have cryed saying Thus saith the Lord of Hosts Turn ye now from your evil wayes and from your evil doings but they did not hear nor hearken unto me saith the Lord. That 's the first case wherein it concerns us to use abundant circumspection 2. In case of great men and mighty men that are set over us When Magistrates and Rulers turn aside unto vanities the people are ready to comply with them And carnal reason is at hand to prompt arguments for it because this is the way to be countenanced and respected by Governours Here lieth the plain road to preferment And herein sinners think they have something to say for themselves to justifie their compliance Must we not obey authority and shall we not submit our selves to them that are set over us Have not they souls to save as well as we and if they do thus and thus why should we be so precise to scruple at it So that my Brethren there needs special caution to keep our selves pure in this case Prov. 29.12 If a Ruler hearken unto lies all his servants are wicked i. e. They will be sure to suit their carriage in a comportment with his corrupt humour they will seek to ingratiate themselves by being like unto him The mistakes and miscarriages of private men are like a pocket-watch that goeth false that deceives but one or two But the sins of Princes and great men are like the ill-going of a Town-clock that deceives all the neighbourhood Therefore it is said of Jeroboam that he did not only sin himself but he made Israel to sin also 1 King 15.34 How did he make them to sin Well he might force them to suffer but he could not compel them to sin many would not be made to sin by him whose hearts were upright with Jehovah but rather left their possessions and all that they had in Israel The meaning then is this Jeroboam and his Princes and Counsellors led them the way and the people were soon wrought upon to conform to their example Hos 5.11 Ephraim is oppressed and broken in judgment because he willingly walked after the commandment i. e. after the commandment of Jeroboam and his Counsellors whereby the worship of Dan and Bethel was established and set up See how the people plead from the practise of their Princes and their forefathers together Jer. 44.16 17. As for the word that thou hast spoken to us in the name of the Lord we will not hearken unto thee But we will certainly do whatsoever thing goeth forth out of our own mouth to burn incense unto the Queen of heaven and to pour out drink-offerings unto her as we have done we and our Fathers our Kings and our Princes in the Cities of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem q. d. What doth this man tell us so much of the word of the Lord Have any of the Rulers observed such precepts If they have worshipped the queen of heaven why may not we do so likewise Some Interpreters think the Text hath a special eye upon this Thou shalt not follow a multitude 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 magnates the mighty so they render it And the word may well take in both interpretations To quicken you therefore to caution in this respect consider 1. That God is the chief governour of the world who hath an absolute dominion and supremacy over all people and nations and the greatest princes and men in highest places upon earth are but his deputies and substitutes and under Officers they are but our fellow-servants in relation to the most-High So that in the first place we must have regard to the voice of the Lord and respect the examples of great men no further than they are correspondent to his good pleasure and will Let me clear it up to you by a familiar instance If a King command me upon a certain day to appear at such a Town and a Justice of peace require me at the same time to be at another place far distant from it whom must I herein obey You will all conclude that undoubtedly I must obey the King because he is the Supreme and the Justice is but his Substitute and so the commands of the King do supersede the others injunctions Why Sirs This is the very case God is a great King the King of Kings and Lord of Lords and Magistrates and Rulers have their authority by deputation from him they are his delegates and act under him So that first I must give obedience to the word of the Lord who is the Sovereign For the Kingdom is the Lords and he is the Governour the supreme Governour the alone absolute and unaccountable Governour among the Nations Psal 22.28 All others are accountable for the exercise of their power unto God This is a point so clear that the Apostles durst appeal to their very judges and adversaries concerning it Act. 4.19 Whether it be right in the sight of God to hearken unto you more than unto God judge ye 2. Though Rulers and great men may give thee countenance and preferment upon the earth yet they cannot save thee from the wrath of an incensed God So that do not provoke God to anger to pleasure the mightiest man in the world for he cannot uphold thee in the day of the Lords indignation When persons would employ us in any dangerous service we are wont to say Will you bear me out and stand by me and see that I shall sustain no damage by it Pray think of it Sirs To sin against the Lord is very dangerous service and when thou art venturing upon it to humour and comply with great men consider whether they are able to bear thee out in it and can maintain thy cause when the Lord ariseth to execute vengeance whether they can keep thee from being called unto an account
maketh over himself unto you That you do not walk as others walk a Cor. 6.17 18. Wherefore come out from amongst them and be ye separate saith the Lord and touch not the unclean thing and I will receive you And I will be a father to you and ye shall be my sons and daughters saith the Lord Almighty That is the second argument for demonstration of the doctrine 3. A third reason that may be pressed against following a multitude in evil is taken from the duties that are incumbent on us in relation unto them when they sin against the Lord and do that which is displeasing in his sight There are such duties required at our hands as are not only inconsistent with confederating with them and walking after their example but diametrally opposite and contrary thereunto as light is to darkness I might insist upon many but shall content my self to instance in these four only 1. It is our duty to pity them and mourn over them and to take up a lamentation on their account To make it the grief of our spirits to see the name of God dishonoured and his statutes contemned and the bloud of the Lord jesus despised and poor souls running headlong to destruction This hath been the carriage of the Saints of God in times of corruption and wickedness Psal 119.136 Rivers of waters run down mine eyes because they keep not thy law As David was humbled for his own transgressions so it was an heart-breaking to him to see others transgress And see how the prophet Jeremy was affected with the sin and misery of the disobedient Jer. 13.17 But if not will not hear it my soul shall weep in secret places for your pride and mine eye shall weep sore and run down with tears because the Lords flock is carried away captive Now these compassionate workings and godly sorrow are a frame of spirit at a great distance from complyance with the ungodly And this is one particular that will render us conformable unto our Lord and master As he loved his own unto the end with an insuperable everlasting and unparallell'd love so his bowels were moved with pity and compassion towards his very enemies that set against him because of their folly and the wretched estate into which they had plunged themselves Luk. 19.41 42. And when he was come near he beheld the City and wept over it saying if thou hadst known even thou at least in this thy day the things which belong unto thy peace but now they are hid from thine eyes Mark the speech of Christ here how it is made up of a kind of abrupt expressions as proceeding from a spirit full of affection and tenderness and seeking as it were to ease it self in a passionate lamentation If thou hadst known q.d. Alas poor Jerusalem thy desolation is approaching because thou hadst not known the things that belong unto thy peace Well had it been for thee if thou hadst but known them Would to God thou hadst been so wise as to have taken them into thy knowledg and consideration that so thy calamities might have been averted and prevented O what a grief is it to my heart that thou bost not known them So that here is our duty if God hath cast our lot amongst many wicked that commit abominations in his sight we should be so far from joyning in a combination with them that it should stir up an holy mourning in our souls to see them trampling upon the word of God and lightly esteeming the rock of our salvation And these are the persons whom in times of publick judgments the Lord is pleased to set a mark upon namely such as do not only cry out of their own sins but are filled with sorrow for the abominations of the multitude See it in Ezekiels vision Ezek. 9.4 And the Lord said unto him Go thorow the midst of the City thorow the midst of Jerusalem and set a mark upon the foreheads of the men that sigh and that cry for all the abominations that be done in the midst thereof Set a mark upon them i. e. a mark of special and gracious observation here are the people that are beloved of the Lord unto such as these he will have respect and secondly a mark for sure deliverance and preservation when others fall at their right hand and at their left the evil determined shall not come near unto them as it is v. 6. Come not near any man upon whom is the mark You know the Angel could do nothing as to the overthrowing of Sodom till Lot was secured What was he above other men See 2 Pet. 2.7 8. And he delivered just Lot vexed with the filthy conversation of the wicked For that righteous man dwelling amongst them in seeing and hearing vexed his righteous soul from day to day with their unlawful deeds 2. When others sin it is our duty to reprove them as we have occasion and opportunity and that plainly and faithfully with christian prudence and discretion And this is utterly inconsistent with following their example * Turpe est doctori cum culpa redarguit ipsum For thou art altogether inexcusable O man whosoever thou art that judgest them that do evil and doest the same for wherein thou judgest another thou condemnest thy self He that would do good by reproving another must be sure to look warily to himself that he be not involved in the same guilt lest his words recoyle into his own face and be retorted unto his own shame and confusion That is an excellent saying of the vulgar latine and the original text will well bear the translation * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Prov. 18.17 Justus primus est accusator sui venit amicus ejus investigabit eum A just man before he meddle in the reproof of others will diligently search his own Soul and see to the cleansing and reforming of his wayes So that the duty of reproving the ungodly doth suppose we ought to keep free from the taint of their ungodliness This is the Apostle Paul's way of argumentation Eph. 5.11 Have no fellowship with the unfruitful works of darkness but rather reprove them 3. Our duty in relation unto sinners is what in us lieth to convert them and win them over to the truth To endeavour that of ignorant they may become verst in the wayes of God and of wicked and sinful they may become serious and holy and of enemies of religion they may be sure friends and assertours of it And this is far from imitation of them For if you comply with them in sin that will harden them exceedingly and make them more bold and venturous and obstinate in their evil wayes They will argue after this sort well may we take this course for such professours of religion joyn with us and such as are accounted godly are men of our confederacy It is charged upon the prophets of Jerusalem that they committed adultery and walked in lies and
whence we may conclude that these words of our Saviour are meant not of the Jewish but of the Christian sabbath wherein his own people were concerned Indeed sometimes we meet in the Acts of the Apostles with mention made of the seventh day sabbath The Apostles taking the advantage of that day to preach to the Jews in their Synagogues but we never find it mentioned after that meeting at Troas Act. 20.7 So that long before the time of their flight they wholly withdrew from the Jewes and kept their assemblies separated by themselves on the Lords day 3 It was an ordinary thing with our Saviour before his death and passion to instruct his disciples in many divine truths which they did not rightly understand till after his resurrection or ascension When the Holy Ghost was sent to that end to bring his words to their remembrance and to teach them the right meaning of the same See Jo. 2.20 21 22. Jo. 12.16 Luk. 9.44 45. Luk. 24.44 45 46. Act. 11.15 16. This if well observed will take off the force of their objection who plead that Christs words must needs be meant of the Jewish Sabbath because say they his disciples undoubtedly so understood them This I acknowledg as probable that they took his speech as meant of the Jewish when yet our Saviour intended it of the Christian Sabbath It being usual with him to deliver many things unto them which they did not rightly understand till he was risen from the dead Probably this very business of the alteration of the Sabbath was one of the things which he had to say unto them but they could not then bear them Jo. 16.12 And one of those many things touching the kingdom of God which he taught them between his resurrection and ascension Acts 1.3 See the words of Bishop Andrews concerning this text in his Pattern of Catechistical doctrine upon the fourth commandment All ceremonies were ended in Christ but so was not the Sabbath for Mat. 24.20 Christ bids his disciples pray that their visitation be not on the Sabbath day So that there must needs be a Sabbath after Christs death Mr. Fennor in his treatise called the Spiritual mans Directory bringeth this in as a special argument for a Sabbath now in the dayes of the Gospel because as he expresseth it Christ speaking of those dayes when all the ceremonial law was dead and buried sheweth the Sabbath to stand still quoting for it this text Take the concurrent testimony of A. B. Usher Our Saviour Christ willing his followers that should live about 40. years after his ascension to pray that their flight might not be on the Sabbath day to the end they might not be hindred in the service of God doth thereby sufficiently declare that he held not this commandment in the account of a ceremony And lastly which may abundantly shew that it is not any novel interpretation Mr. Palmer and Mr. Cawdrey give this paraphrase upon the words As if Christ said unto his disciples the Jews have charged me as a breaker of the Sabbath but whatever disputes and reasonings you have heard betwixt me and them concerning that subject I would not have you to think that I am an enemy to the Sabbath or that I mean to put an end to that commandment For I tell you there shall still remain a Sabbath day to be observed to God for his worship In token whereof I admonish you to pray that your flight be not on that day The Second text I would touch upon is that prophecy of the Psalmist concerning the resurrection of Christ Psal 118.22 23 24. The stone which the builders refused is become the head stone of the corner This is the Lords doing it is marvellous in our eyes This is the day which the Lord hath made We will rejoyce and be glad in it From which words as I remember I have met with this close and formal argument The day wherein the stone which the builders refused became the head stone of the corner that is the day which in the times of the gospel the Lord hath made i. e. which he hath appointed and set apart solemnly to be observed in religious duties one of which special evangelical duties viz. praise and thanksgiving joy and gladness in the Lord is instanced in But the first day of the week or the day of the resurrection of Jesus Christ is that day wherein the stone which the builders refused became the head stone of the corner Therefore the first day of the week or the day of the resurrection of Jesus Christ is the day which in the times of the Gospel the Lord hath made i. e. which he hath consecrated and set apart for the solemn attendance upon religious duties The major proposition lieth fair and clear in the text And the minor is bottomed upon the Apostle Peters comment upon the text which comment he * Acts 4.10 11. made by the inspiration of the Holy Ghost who speaketh of this Scripture as meant of the day of our Saviours resurrection from the dead I leave therefore the conclusion to be considered Wherein I have learned Dr. Ames his concurrent apprehensions Neque facile rejiciendum est quod ab antiquis quibusdam urgetur pro die Dominicâ ex Psal 118.24 Haec est dies quam fecit Jehova Eo enim loco agitur de resurrectione Christi Christo ipso interprete Mat. 21.41 The last Scripture I will name on this account is that of the Apostle to the Hebrews cap. 4.9 10. There remaineth therefore the keeping of a Sabbath 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 unto the people of God for he that is entered into his rest he also hath ceased from his works as God did from his own As if the Apostle had said will you fall off from attendance upon gospel ordinances and question the celebration of the Christian Sabbath that you may return to Judaism again Why let me tell you the Lords-day-sabbath which now remaineth when the other is abolished is of Gods own appointment and institution David prophecied concerning it for this is the day of rest which he spake of in the 95. Psalm And besides it is bottomed on a very equitable foundation For as when God had ended the work of creation which was peculiarly his work he ordained the seventh day Sabbath in commemoration thereof So hath Christ the mediatour finished the work of redemption and is entred into his rest as God entered into his and therefore hath appointed the Christian Sabbath for celebration of the work of mans redemption I must not dwell upon all the particulars that might be insisted for the clearing and vindication of this sense of the words from the manifold exceptions that are likely to be made against it Only let these few things be seriously weighed 1 That the Hebrews unto whom the Apostle writes this Epistle and with whom he dealeth in this place were declining apace from gospel administrations and ready to embrace again
also What made Caleb remain upright with Jehovah when the other Spies turned aside unto vanity and lying Because he was a man of another spirit Num. 14.24 But my servant Caleb because he had another spirit with him and followed me fully If you will follow the Lord fully when the whole world wondereth after the beast as the apostacy of the latter times is expressed Rev. 13.3 you must be otherwise spirited than the world is Common graces and indowments will never be productive of a singular conversation Dir. 4. If you will not be led aside into sin by the multitudes's practise Take heed of entertaining their principles but indeavour to erect and to set up principles of holiness in the stead of them For Mark it my brethren as your minds are affected with right or corrupt notions touching the matters of religion so will your conversations be regularly or corruptly ordered If your judgments be distempered with rotten principles they will certainly transmit answerable defilement into your lives Therefore you shall find that it is one of the special works of God in the day of conversion to eradicate and pluck up these false pinciples out of mens spirits as being the strong holds of the devil whereby he keeps possession of their hearts and some of the principal engines where by he hurrieth them on to works of darkness 2 Cor. 10.4 5. For the weapons of our warfare are not carnal but mighty through God to the pulling down of strong holds Casting down imaginations and every high thing that exalteth it self against the knowledg of God and bringeth into captivity every thought to the obedience of Christ So that you must beg instantly of God that he would please to throw down these towring thoughts and make your hearts sound in his statutes as is the prayer of David Ps 119.80 It would be an endless task to pass over all the rotten principles that are in the hearts of the multitude I will only mention the principal and for methods sake reduce them to seven heads 1. The first principle of the multitude concerns the nature of God and it is this That God is not so severe and exact in the observing mens wayes and actions as some precise ministers would bear them in hand he is Surely think they the Lord doth not make any such great matter whether we be holy or not he doth not so much stand upon strictness and circumspection in our carriage nor will he be so rigorous as to require it of us Only these puritan preachers tell us stories of that nature and they must say something to fill up the time Thus they reason themselves into wickedness and the wicked one strikes in to promote these reasonings Psal 10.11 He hath said in his heart God hath for gotten it he hideth his face he will never see it Again v. 13. Wherefore doth the wicked contemn God He hath said in his-heart thou wilt not require it Ezek. 8.12 Then said â—e unto me Son of man hast thou seen what the ancients of the house of Israel do in the dark every man in the chambers of his imagery For they say the Lord seeth us not the Lord hath forsaken the earth Mark it they went on in sin and idolatry being acted by the influence of this cursed principle Now therefore this principle must be demolished and thrown down For men will never venture through the oppositions and reproaches of the multitude that they may be accepted of God unless they be fully convinced that God mindeth their wayes and that holiness is pleasing in his sight Gen. 17.1 Walk before me and be thus perfect Job 31.4 Doth not he see my wayes and count all my steps Prov. 5.20 21. Why wilt thou my Son he ravished with a strang woman and embrace the bosom of a stranger For the wayes of man are before the eyes of the Lord and he pondereth all his goings In the room and place of this first rotten principle let these scripture principles be erected 1. That the conscience of a man is Gods deputy and substitute set up in the soul to this purpose that it may judg the sinner for his wickedness and bind him over to appear before the judgment seat of Christ Rom. 2.15 16. Jo. 8.9 Let me therefore ask thee this one question Doth not thy conscience sometimes smite thee for thy profaness and hypocrisy Doth not that give thee many a secret gripe at thy heart and lye as a worm gnawing within thy entrals Doâ—h it not step in now and then in the times of thy jovialty and merriment and spoil all thy sport and warn thee of coming before a greater judg Why O vain man doth conscience observe which God hath planted in thy breast and doth not God observe more exactly by whom it was planted For if our heart condemn us God is greater than our heart and knoweth all things 1 Jo. 3.20 Understand O ye brutish among the people and ye fools when will ye be wise He that planted the ear shall not he hear He that formed the eye this internal reflective eye of the soul shall not he see He that chastizeth the heathen shall not he correct He that teacheth man knowledg shall not he know The Lord knoweth the thoughts of man that they are vanity Psal 94.8 9 10 11. 2. Settle this principle also in the place of the other that all the dispensations of God towards the children of men have a direct and natural tendency to lead them to repentance and to quicken them to walk in wayes of holiness To this end he gave his word to instruct them and his spirit to strive with them and hath appointed his ordinances to be attended upon by them Upon this account he doth wait in the exercise of his long suffering towards some and sends his ministers to treat with them in his name To this end he executeth sore judgments upon others and maketh them to tast the bitterness of sin in the fruits of it This is the proper end of all exhortations and counsels of all comminations on the one hand and promises on the other hand of all mercies and afflictions and providences of every sort And can you be so sottish as to imagine that the infinitely wise God would be at such cost and pains to drive men out of their sins and to draw them to godliness and yet not regard whether they are holy or not You will not impute such folly to a considerate sober man that he would be at a vast expence in order to accomplish a design and then not care whether it be accomplished or no And darest thou to charg this folly upon God whose wisdom is incomprehensible and of whose understanding there is no searching out Consider O man what expence the Lord hath been at upon thy soul Sometimes he hath watered thee with his blessings from heaven and again exercised thee under sharp corrections Now he hath indulged thee the use of spiritual
at the Judgment-seat of Christ and save thee from everlasting burnings Alas they are not able to save themselves For he accepteth not the persons of princes nor regardeth the rich more than the poor for they are all the work of his hands Job 34.19 He shall break in pieces mighty men without number and set others in their stead v. 24 He shall cut off the spirit of princes he is terrible to the kings of the earth Ps 76.12 So that I will shut up this point with that passage of Solomon Prov. 29.26 Many seek the Rulers favour but every mans judgment cometh from the Lord. Men may think it is a point of wisdom and policy to please Rulers and to keep in with them though to the defiling of conscience and robbing the Lord of his glory But in the end it will appear to be gross folly and sottishness For it is upon the God of heaven we have our constant dependance both for this life and eternity And if God adjudge thee to hell for thy sinful compliance who can reverse the sentence or can be able to deliver thee out of his hands That is the second case wherein special caution is required 3. In case of neer relations and kindred and intimate friends and acquaintance Their practise hath a more than ordinary attractive influence This is a snare of the devil wherein many have been taken captive an engine whereby Satan hath drawn abundance to destruction Persons are apt to plead for themselves that they must carry it fairly and courteously towards their relations and friends and hold a familiar correspondency with them so that if their relations be vain themselves must be so too and if they be wicked how should they help it but that they must sometimes partake with them in their wickedness What would you have us to do will they say Would you have us cast off our dearest friends and to separate from our nearest relations This is given as the reason of the wickedness of Jehoram His relations were sinners and he joyned with them He had contracted affinity with a wicked family and so drank of the cup of their abominations 2 Chron. 21.6 He Jehoram walked in the way of the Kings of Israel like as did the house of Ahab for he had the daughter of Ahab to wife and he wrought that which was evil in the eyes of the Lord. And this was one of the reasons why God did so frequently and severely charge his ancient people that they should not make a league nor joyn themselves in affinity with Idolaters Because he knew it would be a strong incentive to carry them into the like courses and woful experience proved it to be a truth Deut. 7.2 3 4. Thou shalt make no covenant with them nor shew mercy unto thm Neither shalt thou make marriages with them thy daughter thou shalt not give unto his son nor his daughter shalt thou take unto thy son For they will turn away thy son from following me that they may serve other gods so will the anger of the Lord be kindled against you and destroy thee suddenly As godly relations and acquaintance that follow after holiness may be a means to turn a man unto the Lord or at least a great restraint to with-hold from open profaneness and professed rebellion against the Lord so it is upon the other hand When most of a mans relations and kindred and acquaintance are evil it proveth a strong temptation to lead him unto evil with them and to make him such as they are Now therefore to fortifie your spirits for the vanquishing of this temptation let these following truths sink deep into your hearts 1. That the best love you can manifest and the most signal kindness you can shew to your dear friends and relations is to endeavour to turn them from their sins and so to be a means of promoting their deliverance from the infernal pit of perdition And if you will walk humbly and seriously as in the sight of God and thereby adorn the doctrine of the gospel and put a lustre upon religion to the practical condemnation of their evil deeds who knoweth what effect it may have to their conviction and consequently to their conversion and the salvation of their souls So that here is the question Dost thou love thy relations indeed Hast thou an affectionate desire of the welfare of thy friends Why here is the way to do them the greatest office of love by endeavouring to ingage them in the way that leadeth to eternal life If thou dost comply with them in sin that will but further harden them and help them forward to hell whereas if thou art perfect and upright with the Lord Peradventure thy counsels and example may win them over to the wayes of holiness As the Apostle speaks in the case of conjugal relation 1 Cor. 7.16 What knowest thou O wife whether thou shalt save thine husband Or how knowest thou O man whether thou shalt save thy wife The like may I press upon you as to all kinds of relations How knowest thou but thou mayest be a means to convert thy friends and acquaintance Or how canst thou tell but thou mayest save the souls of thy relations at least of some of them As thy self art a servant of God so thou mayest possibly bring them into the same covenant with the Lord. 2. It is no point of incivility and discourteousness however persons may call it for a man to stop his friends or acquaintance in a course of ungodliness and to pull them as firebrands out of the burning This I adde to obviate the vain objections and to prevent the carnal excuses that sinners commonly insist upon to shift off their duty in this respect Alas will they say would not you have us to be courteous towards them and to deal civily with them Why man it is the greatest incivility imaginable for thee to see thy friend or thy brother or some of thy near relations to be in danger every day of being everlastingly undone and dropping down into hell and for thee to look on and let them perish without speaking a word in order to the prevention and not to make use of any means for their deliverance but rather to hasten their eternal ruine and destruction Put the case that one of your dearest friends or nearest relations were distracted and mad and you should see him take up a sword into his hand that he might fall upon it and destroy himself Would you let him alone and say I am loath to disturb him He is my dear friend and I would not deal uncivily with him Or would not you rather make hast and snatch the weapon away to prevent his killing This is parallel to the case that we are upon For Sirs all impenitent sinners are mad and besides themselves they have lost the right use of their reason Eccl. 9.3 The heart of the sons of men is full of evil and madness is in