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work_n fruit_n good_a justification_n 4,396 5 9.1232 5 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A68951 A reformation of a Catholike deformed: by M. W. Perkins Wherein the chiefe controuersies in religion, are methodically, and learnedly handled. Made by D. B. p. The former part.; Reformation of a Catholike deformed: by M. W. Perkins. Part 1 Bishop, William, 1554?-1624. 1604 (1604) STC 3096; ESTC S120947 193,183 196

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good_a devotion_n of_o the_o soul_n as_o the_o act_n of_o faith_n fear_v hope_v charity_n repentance_n go_v before_o to_o prepare_v as_o it_o be_v the_o way_n and_o to_o make_v it_o more_o sit_v to_o receive_v that_o high_a grace_n of_o justification_n the_o second_o justification_n be_v when_o a_o just_a man_n by_o the_o exercise_n of_o virtue_n be_v make_v more_o just_a as_o a_o child_n new_a bear_v do_v by_o nuriture_n grow_v day_n by_o day_n big_a of_o this_o increase_n of_o grace_n catholic_n hold_v good_a work_n to_o be_v the_o meritorious_a cause_n m._n perkins_n first_o grant_v that_o good_a work_n do_v please_v god_n and_o have_v a_o temporal_a reward_n 2._o that_o they_o be_v necessary_a to_o salvation_n not_o as_o the_o cause_n thereof_o but_o either_o as_o mark_n in_o away_o to_o direct_v we_o towards_o salvation_n or_o as_o fruit_n and_o sign_n of_o righteousness_n to_o declare_v one_o to_o be_v just_a before_o man_n all_o which_o he_o shuffle_v in_o rather_o to_o delude_v 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4._o as_o the_o light_n do_v until_o it_o be_v perfect_a day_n which_o be_v degree_n more_o &_o more_o and_o s._n paul_n teach_v the_o same_o where_o he_o say_v to_o man_n that_o give_v alm_n plentiful_o 9_o 2._o cor._n 9_o that_o god_n will_v multiply_v their_o seed_n and_o augment_v the_o increase_v of_o the_o fruit_n of_o their_o justice_n further_o s._n james_n do_v most_o effectual_o prove_v this_o increase_n of_o righteousness_n and_o the_o second_o justification_n in_o these_o word_n abraham_n our_o father_n be_v he_o not_o justify_v by_o work_n offer_v isaac_n his_o son_n upon_o the_o altar_n 2._o cap._n 2._o that_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o second_o justification_n be_v evident_a for_o abraham_n be_v justify_v before_o isaac_n be_v bear_v as_o it_o be_v most_o manifest_a by_o the_o scripture_n itself_o and_o by_o that_o heroical_a act_n of_o not_o spare_v his_o only_a &_o entire_o belove_a son_n 4._o genes_n 15._o rom._n 4._o his_o justice_n be_v much_o augment_v and_o the_o 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god_n 22._o gen._n 22._o now_o i_o know_v that_o thou_o love_v i_o and_o to_o convince_v all_o obstinate_a cavil_v be_v it_o not_o say_v that_o his_o faith_n do_v in_o this_o very_a fact_n cooperate_v with_o his_o work_n and_o that_o the_o work_n make_v his_o faith_n perfect_a which_o conjunction_n of_o both_o of_o they_o together_o do_v demonstrate_v that_o he_o speak_v of_o his_o justification_n before_o god_n add_v also_o that_o he_o be_v therefore_o call_v the_o friend_n of_o god_n which_o can_v not_o have_v be_v if_o thereby_o he_o have_v be_v only_o declare_v just_a before_o man_n &_o thus_o do_v s._n augustine_n reconcile_v the_o two_o place_n of_o the_o apostle_n s._n paul_n &_o s._n james_n which_o seem_v contrary_a s._n paul_n say_v that_o a_o man_n be_v justify_v by_o faith_n without_o work_n and_o s._n james_n that_o a_o man_n be_v justify_v by_o work_n and_o not_o by_o faith_n only_o that_o s._n paul_n speak_v of_o work_n which_o go_v before_o faith_n such_o as_o we_o of_o our_o own_o force_n without_o the_o help_n of_o grace_n be_v able_a to_o do_v and_o such_o he_o say_v not_o to_o deserve_v our_o first_o justification_n but_o s._n james_n dispute_v of_o work_n which_o follow_v faith_n and_o issue_n out_o of_o our_o soul_n now_o garnish_v with_o grace_n and_o such_o he_o hold_v we_o to_o be_v justify_v by_o that_o be_v make_v more_o and_o more_o just_a see_v the_o place_n he_o say_v direct_o apos_n l._n 83._o quest_n q._n 76._o serm._n 16._o de_fw-fr verb._n apos_n that_o we_o be_v justify_v and_o that_o this_o justice_n do_v increase_v while_o it_o do_v proceed_v and_o profit_v nothing_o then_o be_v more_o certain_a and_o clear_a then_o that_o there_o our_o justification_n may_v daily_a be_v augment_v and_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o that_o this_o also_o be_v grant_v in_o their_o opinion_n for_o they_o hold_v faith_n to_o be_v the_o only_a instrument_n of_o justification_n can_v deny_v but_o that_o there_o be_v many_o degree_n of_o faith_n it_o be_v so_o plain_o teach_v in_o the_o word_n o_o you_o of_o little_a faith_n 19_o math._n 8._o luc._n 19_o and_o then_o a_o little_a after_o i_o have_v not_o find_v so_o great_a faith_n in_o israel_n and_o o_o lord_n increase_v our_o faith_n and_o many_o such_o like_a where_o many_o different_a degree_n of_o faith_n be_v mention_v how_o then_o can_v the_o justification_n which_o depend_v upon_o that_o faith_n not_o be_v correspondent_a unto_o that_o diversity_n of_o faith_n but_o all_o one_o 54._o pag._n 54._o again_o m._n perk_n deliver_v plain_o that_o man_n at_o the_o first_o be_v not_o so_o well_o assure_v of_o their_o salvation_n as_o they_o be_v afterward_o if_o then_o in_o the_o certainty_n of_o their_o salvation_n which_o be_v the_o prime_a effect_n of_o their_o
6._o 1.2_o q._n 109._o art_n 6._o see_v what_o saint_n thomas_n of_o aquine_n one_o of_o her_o principal_a pillar_n have_v write_v of_o this_o point_n in_o his_o most_o learned_a sum_n where_o upon_o these_o word_n of_o our_o saviour_n no_o man_n can_v come_v to_o i_o unless_o my_o father_n draw_v he_o he_o conclude_v it_o to_o be_v manifest_a 6._o joan._n 6._o that_o man_n can_v so_o much_o as_o prepare_v himself_o to_o receive_v the_o light_n of_o grace_n but_o by_o the_o free_a and_o undeserued_a help_n of_o god_n move_v he_o inward_o thereunto_o and_o this_o be_v all_o which_o m._n perkins_n in_o his_o pretend_a dissent_n aver_v here_o and_o go_v about_o to_o prove_v in_o his_o five_o reason_n follow_v the_o which_o i_o will_v omit_v as_o be_v all_o for_o us._n and_o if_o any_o man_n desire_v to_o see_v more_o to_o that_o purpose_n let_v he_o read_v the_o most_o learned_a work_n of_o that_o famous_a cardinal_n and_o right_a reverend_a archbishop_n bellarmine_n now_o the_o very_a point_n controverse_v concern_v free_a will_n m._n perkins_n have_v quite_o omit_v which_o consist_v in_o these_o two_o point_n express_v in_o the_o council_n first_o whether_o we_o do_v free_o assent_v unto_o the_o say_a grace_n when_o it_o be_v offer_v we_o that_o be_v whether_o it_o lie_v in_o our_o power_n to_o refuse_v it_o and_o second_o when_o we_o concur_v and_o work_v with_o it_o whether_o we_o can_v if_o we_o list_v refuse_v to_o work_v with_o it_o in_o both_o which_o point_n we_o hold_v the_o affirmative_a part_n and_o most_o sectary_n of_o this_o time_n the_o negative_a of_o which_o our_o author_n be_v silent_a only_o by_o the_o way_n in_o his_o four_o reason_n touch_v two_o text_n out_o of_o saint_n paul_n which_o be_v common_o allege_v against_o free_a will_n the_o first_o i_o have_v say_v he_o labour_v more_o abundant_o than_o all_o they_o yet_o not_o i_o 15_o 1._o cor._n 15_o but_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n which_o be_v in_o i_o attribute_v the_o whole_a work_n to_o grace_n to_o which_o i_o brief_o answer_v that_o they_o do_v corrupt_v the_o text_n to_o make_v it_o seem_v more_o currant_n for_o they_o the_o greek_a have_v only_a he_o sun_n emoi_fw-fr which_o be_v with_o i_o not_o which_o be_v in_o i_o so_o that_o the_o word_n in_o true_a construction_n make_v much_o more_o for_o we_o then_o against_o we_o saint_n paul_n affirm_v the_o grace_n of_o god_n which_o be_v work_v with_o he_o to_o have_v do_v these_o thing_n and_o so_o saint_n augustine_n who_o they_o pretend_v to_o follow_v most_o in_o this_o matter_n expound_v it_o yet_o not_o i_o but_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n with_o i_o that_o be_v not_o i_o alone_o 15._o degra_n &_o lib._n arb_n ca_fw-mi 15._o but_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n with_o i_o and_o by_o this_o neither_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n alone_o neither_o he_o alone_o but_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n with_o he_o thus_o saint_n augustine_n the_o like_a sentence_n be_v in_o the_o book_n of_o wisdom_n send_v that_o wisdom_n from_o thy_o 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and_o have_v free_a will_n in_o natural_a and_o civil_a action_n which_o will_v of_o his_o be_v by_o grace_n fortify_v &_o as_o it_o be_v lift_v up_o unto_o a_o high_a degree_n of_o perfection_n can_v then_o concur_v &_o work_v with_o grace_n to_o faith_n &_o all_o good_a work_v necessary_a to_o life_n everlasting_a as_o for_o example_n a_o crabtree_n stock_n have_v no_o ability_n of_o itself_o to_o bring_v forth_o apple_n &_o therefore_o may_v be_v term_v dead_a in_o that_o kind_n of_o good_a fruit_n yet_o let_v a_o siance_n of_o apple_n be_v graft_v into_o it_o and_o it_o will_v bear_v apple_n even_o so_o albeit_o our_o sour_a corrupt_a nature_n of_o itself_o be_v unable_a to_o fructify_v to_o life_n everlasting_a yet_o have_v receive_v into_o it_o the_o heavenly_a graft_n of_o god_n grace_n it_o be_v enable_v to_o produce_v the_o sweet_a fruit_n of_o good_a work_n 1._o cap._n 1._o to_o which_o allude_v s._n james._n receive_v the_o engraft_a word_n which_o can_v save_v our_o soul_n again_o what_o more_o dead_a than_o the_o earth_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v till_v and_o sow_v do_v bring_v forth_o and_o bear_v goodly_a corn_n now_o the_o word_n and_o grace_n of_o god_n be_v compare_v by_o our_o saviour_n himself_o unto_o seed_n 13._o math._n 13._o and_o our_o heart_n unto_o the_o earth_n that_o receive_v it_o what_o marvel_v then_o if_o we_o otherwise_o dead_a yet_o reviue_v by_o this_o lively_a seed_n do_v yield_v plenty_n of_o please_a fruit_n have_v hitherto_o explicate_v the_o state_n of_o the_o question_n and_o solue_v such_o objection_n as_o may_v be_v gather_v out_o of_o m._n perkins_n against_o it_o before_o i_o come_v to_o his_o solution_n of_o our_o argument_n i_o will_v set_v down_o some_o principal_a place_n both_o out_o of_o the_o scripture_n and_o ancient_a father_n in_o defence_n of_o our_o doctrine_n because_o he_o propose_v but_o few_o for_o we_o &_o misappli_v they_o too_o 4._o genes_n 4._o first_o then_o god_n say_v to_o cain_n if_o thou_o do_v well_o shall_v thou_o not_o receive_v a_o reward_n but_o if_o thou_o do_v evil_a thy_o sin_n will_v present_o be_v at_o the_o gate_n but_o the_o appetit_fw-la of_o it_o shall_v be_v under_o thou_o &_o thou_o shall_v bear_v dominion_n over_o it_o here_o be_v plain_a mention_n make_v of_o the_o power_n which_o that_o evil_a dispose_v man_n cain_n have_v not_o to_o sin_n if_o he_o have_v list_v which_o be_v no_o doubt_n by_o the_o assistance_n of_o god_n grace_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o grace_n do_v not_o infallible_o draw_v he_o to_o good_a but_o leave_v it_o to_o his_o free_a choice_n whether_o he_o will_v follow_v it_o or_o no._n and_o because_o they_o who_o seek_v out_o all_o manner_n of_o start_a hole_n wrest_v these_o word_n of_o rule_v and_o bear_v sway_n as_o speak_v of_o his_o brother_n abel_n and_o not_o of_o sin_n first_o to_o see_v their_o iniquity_n mark_v the_o text_n where_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o abel_n neither_o in_o that_o verse_n nor_o in_o the_o next_o before_o but_o express_a mention_n be_v make_v of_o sin_n in_o the_o next_o word_n before_o therefore_o those_o pronoun_n that_o be_v to_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o word_n next_o before_n must_v needs_o in_o true_a construction_n be_v refer_v to_o sin_n and_o not_o to_o his_o brother_n beside_o this_o plain_a construction_n of_o the_o text_n saint_n augustine_n follow_v 7._o lib._n 15._o the_o civet_n c_o 7._o say_v as_o it_o be_v to_o cain_n hold_v thyself_o content_a for_o the_o conversion_n of_o it_o shall_v be_v to_o thou_o and_o thou_o shall_v rule_v over_o it_o what_o say_v he_o over_o his_o brother_n god_n forbid_v that_o
be_v set_v to_o work_v and_o if_o it_o do_v not_o act_v that_o which_o it_o be_v set_v too_o then_o there_o want_v some_o thing_n requisite_a and_o consequent_o that_o be_v not_o the_o whole_a cause_n of_o that_o work_n now_o to_o the_o second_o proposition_n but_o their_o imagine_a faith_n can_v not_o apply_v to_o themselves_o christ_n righteousness_n without_o the_o presence_n of_o hope_n and_o charity_n for_o else_o he_o may_v be_v justify_v without_o any_o hope_n of_o heaven_n and_o without_o any_o love_n towards_o god_n and_o estimation_n of_o his_o honour_n which_o be_v thing_n most_o absurd_a in_o themselves_o but_o yet_o very_a well_o fit_v the_o protestant_n justification_n which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o plain_a vice_n of_o presumption_n as_o have_v be_v before_o declare_v yet_o to_o avoid_v this_o inconvenience_n which_o be_v so_o great_a m._n pe._n grant_v that_o both_o hope_v and_o charity_n must_v needs_o be_v present_a at_o the_o justification_n but_o do_v nothing_o in_o it_o but_o faith_n do_v all_o as_o the_o head_n be_v present_a to_o the_o eye_n when_o it_o see_v yet_o it_o be_v the_o eye_n alone_o that_o see_v here_o be_v a_o worthy_a piece_n of_o philosophy_n that_o the_o eye_n alone_o do_v see_v whereas_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v but_o the_o instrument_n of_o see_v the_o soul_n be_v the_o principal_a cause_n of_o sight_n as_o it_o be_v of_o all_o other_o action_n of_o life_n sense_n and_o reason_n and_o it_o be_v not_o to_o purpose_v here_o where_o we_o require_v the_o presence_n of_o the_o whole_a cause_n &_o not_o only_o of_o the_o instrumental_a cause_n and_o to_o return_v your_o similitude_n upon_o yourself_o as_o the_o eye_n can_v see_v without_o the_o head_n because_o it_o receive_v influence_n from_o it_o before_o it_o can_v see_v so_o can_v faith_n justify_v without_o charity_n because_o it_o necessary_o receive_v spirit_n of_o life_n from_o it_o before_o it_o can_v do_v any_o thing_n acceptable_a in_o god_n sight_n the_o four_o reason_n if_o faith_n alone_o do_v justify_v than_o faith_n alone_o will_v save_v but_o it_o will_v not_o save_v ergo_fw-la m._n perkins_n first_o deny_v the_o proposition_n and_o say_v that_o it_o may_v justify_v and_o yet_o not_o save_v because_o more_o be_v require_v to_o salvation_n then_o to_o justification_n which_o be_v false_a for_o put_v the_o case_n that_o a_o innocent_a babe_n die_v short_o after_o his_o baptism_n wherein_o he_o be_v justify_v shall_v he_o not_o be_v save_v for_o want_v of_o any_o thing_n i_o hope_v you_o will_v say_v yes_o even_o so_o any_o man_n that_o be_v justify_v if_o he_o depart_v in_o that_o state_n no_o man_n make_v doubt_n of_o his_o salvation_n therefore_o this_o first_o shift_n be_v very_o frivoulous_a which_o m._n perkins_n perceive_v fly_n to_o a_o second_o that_o for_o faith_n alone_o we_o shall_v also_o be_v save_v &_o that_o good_a work_n shall_v not_o be_v regard_v at_o the_o day_n of_o our_o judgement_n then_o must_v those_o word_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n so_o often_o repete_v in_o the_o scripture_n be_v raze_v out_o of_o the_o text_n god_n at_o that_o time_n will_v render_v unto_o every_o man_n according_a to_o his_o work_n but_o of_o this_o more_o ample_o in_o the_o question_n of_o merit_n 5._o reason_n there_o be_v many_o other_o virtue_n unto_o which_o justification_n and_o salvation_n be_v ascribe_v in_o god_n word_n therefore_o faith_n alone_o suffice_v not_o the_o antecedent_n be_v prove_v first_o of_o fear_v it_o be_v say_v he_o that_o be_v without_o fear_n 3._o ecclesias_fw-la 1._o rom._n 8._o luc._n 13._o 1._o joan._n 3._o can_v be_v justify_v we_o be_v save_v by_o hope_n unless_o you_o do_v penance_n you_o shall_v all_o in_o like_a sort_n perish_v we_o be_v translate_v from_o death_n to_o life_n that_o be_v justify_v because_o we_o love_v the_o brethren_n again_o of_o baptism_n unless_o you_o be_v bear_v again_o of_o water_n and_o the_o holy_a ghost_n you_o can_v enter_v into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o heaven_n last_o we_o must_v have_v a_o resolute_a purpose_n to_o amend_v our_o evil_a life_n 6._o rom._n 6._o for_o we_o be_v bury_v together_o with_o christ_n by_o baptism_n into_o death_n that_o as_o christ_n be_v rise_v from_o the_o dead_a etc._n etc._n so_o we_o may_v also_o walk_v in_o news_n of_o life_n to_o all_o these_o and_o many_o such_o like_a place_n of_o holy_a scripture_n it_o please_v m._n perkins_n to_o make_v answer_n in_o that_o one_o 8._o rom._n 8._o you_o be_v save_v by_o hope_n to_o wit_n that_o paul_n meaning_n be_v only_o that_o we_o have_v not_o as_o yet_o salvation_n in_o possession_n but_o must_v wait_v patient_o for_o it_o until_o the_o time_n of_o our_o full_a deliverance_n this_o be_v all_o now_o whether_o that_o patient_a expectation_n which_o be_v not_o hope_n but_o issue_v out_o of_o hope_n of_o eternal_a salvation_n or_o hope_v itself_o be_v any_o cause_n of_o salvation_n he_o say_v neither_o yea_o nor_o nay_o &_o leave_v you_o to_o think_v as_o it_o seem_v best_a unto_o yourself_o s._n paul_n then_o affirm_v it_o to_o be_v a_o cause_n of_o salvation_n it_o be_v best_o to_o believe_v he_o &_o so_o neither_o to_o exclude_v hope_n or_o charity_n or_o any_o of_o the_o foresay_a virtue_n from_o the_o work_n of_o justification_n have_v so_o good_a warrant_n as_o the_o word_n of_o god_n for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o it_o to_o these_o authority_n and_o reason_n take_v out_o of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n let_v we_o join_v here_o some_o testimony_n of_o the_o ancient_a church_n reserve_v the_o rest_n unto_o that_o place_n whereinis_fw-la m._n per._n cit_v some_o for_o he_o the_o most_o ancient_a and_o most_o valiant_a martyr_n s._n ignatius_n of_o our_o justification_n write_v thus_o philip._n epist_n ad_fw-la philip._n the_o beginning_n of_o life_n be_v faith_n but_o the_o end_n of_o it_o be_v charity_n but_o both_o unite_a and_o join_v together_o do_v make_v the_o man_n of_o god_n perfect_a clement_n patriarch_n of_o alexandria_n say_v faith_n go_v before_o storm_n libr._n 2._o storm_n but_o fear_n do_v build_v and_o charity_n bring_v to_o perfection_n saint_n john_n chrysostome_n patriarch_n of_o constantinople_n have_v these_o word_n lest_o the_o faithful_a shall_v trust_v that_o by_o faith_n alone_o they_o may_v be_v save_v mat._n hom._n 70._o in_o mat._n he_o dispute_v of_o the_o punishment_n of_o evil_a man_n and_o so_o do_v he_o both_o exhort_v the_o infidel_n to_o faith_n and_o the_o faithful_a to_o live_v well_o hypognost_n lib._n 3._o hypognost_n s._n augustine_n cry_v out_o as_o it_o be_v to_o our_o protestant_n and_o say_v hear_v o_o foolish_a heretic_n and_o enemy_n to_o the_o true_a faith_n good_a work_n which_o that_o they_o may_v be_v do_v be_v by_o grace_n prepare_v and_o not_o of_o the_o merit_n of_o free_a will_n we_o condemn_v not_o because_o by_o they_o or_o such_o like_a man_n of_o god_n have_v be_v justify_v be_v justify_v and_o shall_v be_v justify_v 14._o de_fw-fr side_n &_o oper_n c._n 14._o and_o now_o let_v we_o see_v that_o which_o be_v to_o be_v shake_v out_o of_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o faithful_a lest_o by_o evil_a security_n they_o lose_v their_o salvation_n if_o they_o shall_v think_v faith_n alone_o to_o be_v sufficient_a to_o obtain_v it_o now_o the_o doctrine_n which_o m._n perkins_n teach_v be_v clean_o contrary_a for_o say_v he_o a_o sinner_n be_v justify_v by_o faith_n alone_o that_o be_v nothing_o that_o man_n can_v do_v by_o nature_n or_o grace_n concur_v thereto_o as_o any_o kind_n of_o cause_n but_o faith_n a_o lone_a farther_o he_o say_v that_o faith_n itself_o be_v no_o principal_a but_o rather_o a_o instrumental_a cause_n whereby_o we_o apprehend_v and_o apply_v christ_n and_o his_o righteousness_n for_o our_o justification_n so_o that_o in_o fine_a we_o have_v that_o faith_n so_o much_o by_o they_o magnify_v and_o call_v the_o only_a and_o whole_a cause_n of_o our_o justification_n be_v in_o the_o end_n become_v no_o true_a cause_n at_o all_o but_o 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general_a that_o hope_n appli_v unto_o i_o in_o particular_a by_o faith_n i_o believe_v christ_n to_o be_v the_o saviour_n of_o all_o mankind_n by_o hope_n i_o trust_v to_o be_v make_v partaker_n of_o that_o salvation_n in_o he_o but_o charity_n do_v yet_o give_v i_o a_o great_a confidence_n of_o salvation_n for_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o true_a charity_n as_o i_o dedicate_v and_o employ_v my_o life_n labour_n and_o all_o that_o i_o have_v to_o the_o service_n of_o god_n so_o all_o that_o god_n have_v be_v make_v i_o so_o far_o forth_o as_o it_o can_v be_v make_v i_o according_a unto_o that_o sacred_a law_n of_o friendship_n amicorum_fw-la omne_fw-la sunt_fw-la communia_fw-la and_o therefore_o in_o true_a reason_n neither_o by_o faith_n nor_o any_o other_o virtue_n we_o take_v such_o hold_n on_o christ_n meritte_n nor_o have_v such_o interest_n in_o his_o inestimable_a treasure_n as_o by_o charity_n which_o s._n augustine_n understand_v well_o when_o he_o make_v it_o the_o model_n and_o measure_n of_o justification_n say_v that_o charity_n beginning_n ult._n de_fw-fr nat_n &_o gra_fw-mi c._n ult._n be_v justice_n beginning_n charity_n increase_v be_v justice_n increase_v great_a charity_n be_v great_a justice_n and_o perfect_a charity_n be_v perfect_a justice_n m._n perkins_n four_o reason_n be_v take_v from_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o ancient_a church_n they_o be_v bless_v to_o who_o without_o any_o labour_n or_o work_v do_v 4._o ambros_n in_o rom._n 4._o iniquity_n be_v remit_v so_o no_o work_n or_o repentance_n be_v require_v of_o they_o but_o only_o that_o they_o believe_v to_o these_o and_o such_o like_a word_n i_o answer_v first_o that_o it_o be_v very_o uncertain_a whether_o these_o commentary_n be_v saint_n ambrose_n second_o that_o that_o author_n exclude_v not_o repentance_n but_o only_o the_o work_n of_o moses_n law_n which_o the_o jew_n hold_v to_o be_v necessary_a as_o circumcision_n and_o such_o like_a see_v the_o place_n and_o confer_v with_o it_o that_o which_o he_o have_v write_v in_o the_o same_o work_n upon_o the_o four_o to_o the_o hebrew_n where_o he_o have_v these_o word_n faith_n be_v a_o great_a thing_n and_o without_o it_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o be_v save_v but_o faith_n alone_o do_v not_o suffice_v but_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o faith_n work_n by_o charity_n and_o converse_v worthy_a of_o god_n m._n perkins_n next_o authority_n be_v gather_v out_o of_o s._n augustine_n 40._o de_fw-fr verb._n ap._n ser_n 40._o there_o be_v one_o propitiation_n for_o all_o sinner_n to_o believe_v in_o christ_n true_a but_o where_o be_v it_o that_o we_o need_v nothing_o else_o but_o to_o believe_v hesichius_n say_v grace_v which_o be_v of_o mercy_n be_v apprehend_v by_o faith_n alone_o 2._o levit._fw-la li._n 1._o cap._n 2._o and_o not_o of_o work_n that_o be_v we_o do_v not_o meritte_v by_o our_o work_n do_v before_o grace_n anything_o at_o god_n hand_n but_o of_o his_o mercy_n receive_v both_o faith_n and_o justification_n 4._o bernard_n have_v whosoever_o thirst_v after_o righteousness_n let_v he_o believe_v in_o thou_o 22._o sup._n cant_fw-la serm_n 22._o that_o be_v justify_v by_o faith_n alone_o he_o way_n have_v peace_n with_o god_n answer_n by_o faith_n alone_o he_o exclude_v all_o other_o mean_n that_o either_o jew_n or_o gentile_a require_v but_o not_o charity_n which_o his_o very_a word_n include_v for_o how_o can_v we_o abhor_v sin_n and_o thirst_n after_o justice_n without_o charity_n and_o in_o the_o same_o work_n 24._o serm._n 24._o he_o declare_v plain_o that_o he_o comprehend_v always_o charity_n when_o he_o speak_v of_o a_o justify_v faith_n say_v a_o right_a faith_n do_v not_o make_v a_o man_n righteous_a if_o it_o work_v not_o by_o charity_n and_o again_o neither_o work_n without_o faith_n nor_o faith_n without_o work_n be_v sufficient_a to_o make_v the_o soul_n righteous_a 3._o gal._n 3._o 5._o chrysostome_n they_o say_v he_o who_o rest_v on_o faith_n alone_o be_v accurse_v but_o paul_n show_v that_o he_o be_v bless_v who_o rest_v on_o faith_n alone_o answer_n he_o speak_v of_o the_o jew_n who_o hold_v christian_n accurse_v because_o rest_v on_o the_o faith_n in_o christ_n will_v not_o observe_v withal_o moses_n law_n the_o apostle_n contrary_a wise_n denounce_v they_o accurse_v 5._o gal._n 5._o who_o will_v join_v the_o ceremony_n of_o moses_n law_n with_o christian_a religion_n and_o so_o faith_n alone_a there_o exclude_v only_o the_o old_a law_n not_o the_o work_n of_o charity_n so_o he_o mangle_v pitiful_o a_o sentence_n of_o s._n basils_n say_v humil_n de_fw-fr humil_n let_v man_n acknowledge_v himself_o to_o want_v true_a justice_n and_o that_o he_o be_v justify_v only_o by_o faith_n in_o christ_n if_o a_o man_n know_v himself_o justify_v by_o faith_n in_o christ_n how_o can_v he_o acknowledge_v that_o he_o want_v true_a justice_n his_o word_n true_o repete_v be_v these_o let_v man_n acknowledge_v that_o he_o be_v unworthy_a of_o true_a justice_n and_o that_o his_o justification_n come_v not_o of_o his_o desert_n but_o of_o the_o mere_a mercy_n of_o god_n through_o christ._n so_o that_o by_o faith_n alone_o s._n basill_n treat_v of_o humility_n exclude_v all_o merit_n of_o our_o own_o but_o no_o necessary_a good_a disposition_n as_o you_o may_v see_v in_o his_o sermon_n de_fw-fr fide_fw-la where_o he_o prove_v by_o many_o text_n of_o holy_a scripture_n that_o charity_n be_v as_o necessary_a as_o faith_n 3._o rom._n 3._o m._n perkins_n last_o testimony_n be_v out_o of_o origen_n who_o prove_v as_o m._n per._n say_v that_o only_o believe_v without_o work_n justifi_v by_o the_o example_n of_o the_o thief_n on_o the_o cross_n of_o who_o good_a work_n there_o be_v no_o mention_n answer_n origen_n exclude_v no_o good_a disposition_n in_o we_o to_o justification_n but_o say_v that_o a_o man_n may_v be_v save_v without_o do_v outward_o any_o good_a work_n if_o he_o want_v time_n and_o place_n as_o the_o thief_n do_v who_o present_o upon_o his_o conversion_n be_v put_v to_o death_n which_o be_v good_a catholic_a doctrine_n but_o that_o you_o may_v perceive_v how_o necessary_a the_o good_a disposition_n before_o mention_v be_v to_o justification_n you_o shall_v find_v if_o you_o consider_v well_o all_o circumstance_n not_o one_o of_o they_o to_o have_v be_v want_v in_o that_o good_a thief_n conversion_n first_o that_o he_o stand_v in_o fear_n of_o god_n just_a judgement_n appear_v by_o these_o his_o word_n to_o his_o fellow_n do_v thou_o not_o fear_v god_n etc._n etc._n he_o have_v hope_n to_o be_v save_v by_o christ_n out_o of_o which_o he_o say_v o_o lord_n remember_v i_o when_o thou_o come_v into_o thy_o kingdom_n by_o both_o which_o speech_n be_v show_v also_o his_o faith_n both_o in_o god_n that_o he_o be_v the_o gowernour_n and_o just_a judge_n of_o the_o world_n and_o in_o christ_n that_o he_o be_v the_o redeemer_n of_o mankind_n his_o repentance_n and_o confession_n of_o his_o fault_n be_v lay_v down_o in_o this_o and_o we_o true_o suffer_v worthy_o his_o charity_n towards_o god_n and_o his_o neighbour_n in_o reprehend_v his_o fellow_n blasphemy_n in_o defend_v christ_n innocency_n and_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o great_a disgrace_n and_o rage_a enemy_n to_o confess_v he_o to_o be_v king_n of_o the_o world_n to_o come_v out_o of_o all_o which_o we_o may_v gather_v also_o that_o he_o have_v a_o full_a purpose_n to_o amend_v his_o life_n and_o to_o have_v take_v such_o order_n for_o his_o recovery_n as_o it_o shall_v please_v christ_n his_o saviour_n to_o appoint_v so_o that_o the_o lack_v not_o any_o one_o of_o those_o disposition_n which_o the_o catholic_a church_n require_v to_o justification_n now_o that_o that_o great_a doctor_n origen_n mean_v not_o to_o exclude_v any_o of_o these_o good_a quality_n out_o of_o the_o company_n of_o faith_n be_v apparent_a by_o that_o which_o he_o have_v write_v on_o the_o next_o chapter_n where_o he_o say_v 4._o rom._n 4._o that_o faith_n can_v be_v impute_v to_o justice_n to_o such_o as_o believe_v in_o christ_n unless_o they_o do_v withal_o put_v of_o the_o old_a man_n and_o a_o little_a before_o more_o plain_o say_v i_o think_v that_o faith_n be_v the_o first_o beginning_n of_o salvation_n hope_n be_v proceed_v in_o the_o build_n but_o the_o top_n and_o perfection_n of_o the_o whole_a work_n be_v charity_n the_o three_o difference_n about_o justification_n how_o far_o forth_o good_a work_n be_v require_v thereto_o master_z perkins_n say_v 91._o pag._n 91._o that_o after_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n there_o be_v two_o kind_n of_o justification_n the_o first_o when_o of_o a_o sinner_n one_o be_v make_v just_a the_o which_o be_v of_o the_o mere_a mercy_n of_o god_n through_o christ_n without_o any_o merit_n of_o man_n only_o some_o certain_a
luke_n 7.47_o many_o sin_n be_v forgive_v she_o because_o she_o have_v love_v much_o whence_o they_o gather_v that_o the_o woman_n there_o speak_v of_o have_v pardon_n of_o her_o sin_n and_o be_v justify_v by_o love_n answer_n in_o this_o text_n love_n be_v not_o make_v a_o impulsive_a cause_n to_o move_v god_n to_o pardon_v her_o sin_n but_o only_o a_o sign_n to_o show_v that_o god_n have_v already_o pardon_v they_o reply_n observe_v first_o that_o catholic_n do_v not_o teach_v that_o she_o be_v pardon_v for_o love_n alone_o for_o they_o use_v not_o as_o protestant_n do_v when_o they_o find_v one_o cause_n of_o justification_n to_o exclude_v all_o or_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n but_o consider_v that_o in_o sundry_a place_n of_o holy_a write_v justification_n be_v ascribe_v unto_o many_o several_a virtue_n affirm_v that_o not_o faith_n alone_o but_o diverse_a other_o divine_a quality_n concur_v unto_o justification_n and_o as_o mention_v here_o make_v of_o love_n exclude_v not_o faith_n hope_n repentance_n and_o such_o like_a so_o in_o other_o place_n where_o faith_n be_v only_o speak_v of_o there_o hope_v charity_n and_o the_o rest_n must_v not_o also_o be_v exclude_v this_o sinner_n have_v assure_v belief_n in_o christ_n power_n to_o remit_v sin_n and_o great_a hope_n in_o his_o mercy_n that_o he_o will_v forgive_v they_o great_a sorrow_n and_o detestation_n of_o her_o sin_n also_o she_o have_v that_o in_o such_o a_o assembly_n do_v so_o humble_o prostrate_v herself_o at_o christ_n foot_n to_o wash_v they_o with_o her_o tear_n and_o to_o wipe_v they_o with_o the_o hair_n of_o her_o head_n and_o as_o she_o have_v true_a repentance_n of_o her_o former_a life_n so_o no_o doubt_n but_o she_o have_v also_o a_o firm_a purpose_n to_o lead_v a_o new_a life_n so_o that_o in_o her_o conversion_n all_o those_o virtue_n meet_v together_o which_o we_o hold_v to_o concur_v to_o justification_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n the_o pre-eminence_n worthy_o be_v give_v to_o love_n as_o to_o the_o principal_a disposition_n she_o love_v our_o saviour_n as_o the_o fountain_n of_o all_o mercy_n and_o goodness_n and_o therefore_o account_v her_o precious_a oyntement_n best_o bestow_v on_o he_o yea_o and_o the_o humble_a service_n and_o most_o affectionate_a she_o can_v offer_v he_o to_o be_v all_o too_o little_a and_o nothing_o answerable_a to_o the_o inward_a burn_a charity_n which_o she_o bear_v he_o which_o noble_a affection_n of_o she_o towards_o her_o divine_a redeemer_n no_o question_n be_v most_o acceptable_a unto_o he_o as_o by_o his_o own_o word_n be_v most_o manifest_a for_o he_o say_v that_o many_o sin_n be_v forgive_v she_o because_o she_o love_v much_o but_o m._n perkins_n say_v that_o her_o love_n be_v no_o cause_n that_o move_v christ_n to_o pardon_v she_o but_o only_o a_o sign_n of_o pardon_n give_v before_o which_o be_v so_o contrary_a to_o the_o text_n that_o a_o man_n not_o past_o all_o shame_n will_v blush_v once_o to_o affirm_v it_o first_o christ_n say_v express_o that_o it_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o pardon_n because_o she_o have_v love_v much_o second_o that_o her_o love_n go_v before_o be_v as_o plain_o declare_v both_o by_o mention_n of_o the_o time_n past_a because_o she_o have_v love_v and_o by_o the_o evidence_n of_o her_o fact_n of_o wash_v wipe_v and_o anoint_v his_o foot_n for_o the_o which_o say_v our_o saviour_n than_o already_o perform_v many_o sin_n be_v forgive_v she_o so_o that_o here_o can_v be_v no_o impediment_n of_o believe_v the_o catholic_a doctrine_n so_o clear_o deliver_v by_o the_o holy_a ghost_n unless_o one_o will_v be_v so_o blind_o lead_v by_o our_o new_a master_n that_o he_o will_v believe_v no_o word_n of_o christ_n be_v they_o never_o so_o plain_a otherwise_o than_o it_o please_v the_o minister_n to_o expound_v they_o and_o this_o much_o of_o the_o first_o of_o those_o reason_n which_o m._n perkins_n say_v be_v of_o no_o moment_n 2._o reason_n neither_o circumcision_n nor_o prepuce_fw-la avayl_v any_o thing_n 5.6_o gal._n 5.6_o but_o faith_n that_o work_v by_o charity_n hence_o catholic_n gather_v that_o when_o the_o apostle_n attribute_v justification_n to_o say_v he_o mean_v not_o faith_n alone_o but_o as_o it_o be_v join_v with_o charity_n and_o other_o like_a virtue_n as_o be_v requisite_a to_o prepare_v the_o soul_n of_o man_n to_o receive_v that_o complete_a grace_n of_o justification_n m._n perkins_n answer_v that_o they_o be_v join_v together_o but_o it_o be_v faith_n alone_o that_o apprehend_v christ_n righteousness_n and_o make_v it_o we_o it_o use_v charity_n as_o a_o instrument_n to_o perform_v the_o duty_n of_o the_o first_o and_o second_o table_n but_o it_o have_v no_o part_n with_o faith_n in_o the_o matter_n of_o our_o justification_n reply_n that_o it_o have_v the_o chief_a part_n and_o that_o faith_n be_v rather_o the_o instrument_n and_o hand_n maid_n of_o charity_n my_o proof_n shall_v be_v out_o of_o the_o very_a text_n allege_v where_o life_n and_o motion_n be_v give_v to_o faith_n by_o charity_n as_o the_o greek_a word_n energoumene_n be_v passive_a do_v plain_o show_v that_o faith_n be_v move_v lead_v and_o guide_v by_o charity_n which_o s._n james_n do_v demonstrat_fw-la most_o manifest_a say_v that_o even_o as_o the_o body_n be_v dead_a without_o the_o soul_n so_o be_v faith_n without_o charity_n make_v charity_n to_o be_v the_o life_n and_o as_o it_o be_v the_o soul_n of_o faith_n now_o no_o man_n be_v ignorant_a but_o it_o be_v the_o soul_n that_o use_v the_o body_n as_o a_o instrument_n even_o so_o than_o it_o be_v charity_n that_o use_v faith_n as_o her_o instrument_n and_o inferior_a and_o not_o contrariwise_o which_o s._n paul_n confirm_v at_o large_a in_o a_o whole_a chapter_n prove_v charity_n to_o be_v a_o more_o excellent_a gift_n than_o faith_n or_o any_o other_o conclude_v with_o these_o word_n now_o there_o remain_v faith_n hope_n and_o charity_n 13._o 1._o cor._n 13._o these_o three_o but_o the_o great_a of_o these_o be_v charity_n whereupon_o s._n augustine_n resolve_v thus_o nothing_o but_o charity_n make_v faith_n itself_o avaylable_a 18._o li._n de_fw-fr trinit_fw-la cap._n 18._o for_o faith_n say_v he_o may_v be_v without_o charity_n but_o it_o can_v not_o be_v avaylable_a without_o it_o so_o that_o first_o you_o see_v that_o charity_n be_v the_o mover_n and_o commander_n and_o faith_n as_o her_o instrument_n and_o hand_n maid_n now_o that_o in_o the_o work_n of_o justification_n it_o have_v the_o chief_a place_n may_v be_v thus_o prove_v i_o demand_v whether_o that_o work_n of_o justification_n by_o faith_n be_v do_v for_o the_o love_n of_o god_n and_o to_o his_o honour_n or_o no_o if_o not_o as_o it_o be_v void_a of_o charity_n so_o it_o be_v a_o wicked_a and_o sinful_a act_n no_o justification_n but_o infection_n our_o own_o interest_n be_v the_o principal_a end_n of_o it_o now_o if_o it_o comprehend_v &_o conclude_v god_n glory_n and_o service_n in_o it_o that_o be_v if_o 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that_o faith_n may_v be_v without_o charity_n as_o it_o be_v in_o all_o sinful_a catholic_n we_o then_o form_v the_o reason_n thus_o if_o faith_n alone_o be_v the_o whole_a cause_n of_o justification_n then_o if_o both_o hope_v and_o charity_n be_v remove_v from_o faith_n at_o least_o by_o thought_n and_o in_o conceit_n faith_n will_v nevertheless_o justify_v but_o faith_n consider_v without_o hope_n &_o charity_n will_v not_o justify_v ergo_fw-la it_o be_v not_o the_o whole_a cause_n of_o justification_n the_o first_o proposition_n can_v not_o be_v deny_v of_o they_o who_o know_v the_o nature_n and_o propriety_n of_o cause_n for_o the_o entire_a and_o total_a cause_n of_o any_o thing_n be_v as_o the_o philosopher_n say_v in_o act_n the_o effect_n must_v needs_o follow_v and_o very_a sense_n teach_v the_o simple_a that_o if_o any_o thing_n
he_o but_o what_o be_v this_o to_o justification_n by_o only_a faith_n marry_o m._n perkins_n draw_v it_o in_o after_o this_o fashion_n as_o nothing_o be_v require_v of_o they_o who_o be_v strong_a by_o serpent_n but_o that_o they_o shall_v look_v upon_o the_o brazen_a serpent_n so_o nothing_o be_v require_v of_o a_o sinner_n to_o deliver_v he_o from_o sin_n but_o that_o he_o cast_v his_o eye_n of_o faith_n upon_o christ_n righteousness_n and_o apply_v that_o to_o himself_o in_o particular_a but_o this_o application_n of_o the_o similitude_n be_v only_a man_n foolish_a invention_n without_o any_o ground_n in_o the_o text_n similttude_n be_v not_o in_o all_o point_n alike_o neither_o must_v be_v streatched_a beyond_o the_o very_a point_n wherein_o the_o similitude_n lie_v which_o in_o this_o matter_n be_v that_o like_o as_o the_o israelite_n in_o the_o wilderness_n stoung_n with_o serpent_n be_v cure_v by_o look_v upon_o the_o brazen_a serpent_n so_o man_n infect_v with_o sin_n have_v no_o other_o remedy_n then_o to_o embrace_v the_o faith_n of_o christ_n jesus_n all_o this_o we_o confess_v but_o to_o say_v that_o nothing_o else_o be_v necessary_a that_o be_v quite_o beside_o the_o text_n and_o as_o easy_o reject_v by_o we_o as_o it_o be_v by_o he_o obtrude_v without_o any_o authority_n or_o probability_n his_o 2._o reason_n be_v collect_v of_o exclusive_a speech_n as_o he_o speak_v use_v in_o scripture_n 2.16_o gal_n 2.16_o as_o we_o be_v justify_v free_o not_o of_o the_o law_n not_o by_o the_o law_n not_o of_o work_n not_o of_o ourselves_o not_o of_o the_o work_n of_o the_o law_n but_o by_o faith_n all_o boast_v exclude_v 8.50_o luke_n 8.50_o only_o believe_v these_o distinction_n whereby_o work_n &_o the_o law_n be_v exclude_v in_o the_o work_n of_o justification_n include_v thus_o much_o that_o faith_n alone_o do_v justify_v it_o do_v not_o so_o for_o these_o exclusive_a speech_n do_v not_o exclude_v fear_n hope_v and_o charity_n more_o than_o they_o exclude_v 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work_n and_o a_o work_n of_o the_o law_n as_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v of_o grace_n as_o well_o as_o faith_n and_o as_o far_o from_o boast_v of_o as_o faith_n itself_o now_o that_o out_o of_o s_o luke_n believe_v only_o be_v nothing_o to_o the_o purpose_n for_o he_o be_v bid_v believe_v the_o raise_n of_o his_o daughter_n to_o life_n and_o not_o that_o christ_n righteousness_n be_v he_o and_o faith_n alone_o may_v be_v a_o sufficient_a disposition_n to_o obtain_v a_o miracle_n but_o not_o to_o obtain_v justification_n of_o which_o the_o question_n only_o be_v consider_v now_o good_a reader_n whether_o of_o our_o interpretation_n agree_v better_a with_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o text_n and_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o ancient_a father_n the_o text_n see_v thou_o in_o the_o testament_n take_v for_o a_o taste_n of_o the_o father_n judgement_n s._n augustine_n exposition_n of_o those_o place_n of_o s._n paul_n of_o one_o of_o the_o chief_a of_o which_o thus_o he_o speak_v man_n not_o understand_v that_o which_o the_o apostle_n say_v we_o esteem_v a_o man_n to_o be_v justify_v without_o the_o law_n 7._o de_fw-fr gra_fw-mi &_o lib._n a●b_n c_o 7._o think_v he_o to_o say_v that_o faith_n suffice_v a_o man_n although_o he_o live_v evil_a and_o have_v no_o good_a work_n which_o god_n forbid_v that_o the_o vessel_n of_o election_n shall_v think_v and_o again_o 7._o de_fw-fr prede_v sanct_n c_o 7._o therefore_o the_o apostle_n say_v that_o a_o man_n be_v justify_v by_o faith_n and_o not_o of_o work_n because_o say_v be_v first_o give_v and_o by_o it_o the_o rest_n which_o be_v proper_o call_v work_n and_o in_o which_o we_o live_v just_o be_v by_o petition_n obtain_v by_o which_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o s._n paul_n exclude_v the_o work_n of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o work_v do_v by_o our_o own_o only_a force_n do_v not_o mean_a to_o exclude_v good_a work_n which_o proceed_v from_o the_o help_n of_o god_n grace_n that_o faith_n only_a do_v not_o justify_v master_z perkins_n three_o argument_n very_o reason_n may_v teach_v we_o thus_o much_o that_o no_o gift_n in_o man_n be_v apt_a as_o a_o spiritual_a hand_n to_o receive_v and_o apply_v christ_n and_o his_o righteousness_n unto_o a_o sinner_n save_v faith_n love_n hope_v fear_v repentance_n have_v their_o several_a use_n but_o none_o of_o they_o serve_v for_o this_o end_n of_o apprehend_v but_o faith_n only_o amswere_v man_n reason_n be_v but_o a_o blind_a mistress_n in_o matter_n of_o faith_n and_o he_o that_o have_v no_o better_a a_o instructor_n in_o such_o high_a mystery_n must_v needs_o know_v little_a but_o what_o if_o that_o also_o fail_v you_o in_o this_o point_n then_o every_o man_n can_v but_o see_v how_o naked_a you_o be_v of_o all_o kind_n of_o probability_n i_o say_v then_o that_o reason_n rather_o teach_v the_o contrary_a for_o in_o common_a sense_n no_o man_n apprehend_v and_o enter_v into_o the_o possession_n of_o any_o thing_n by_o believe_v that_o he_o have_v it_o for_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v believe_v that_o he_o be_v rich_a of_o honour_n wise_a or_o virtuous_a do_v he_o thereby_o become_v present_o such_o a_o one_o nothing_o less_o his_o faith_n and_o persuasion_n be_v no_o fit_n instrument_n to_o apply_v and_o draw_v these_o thing_n to_o himself_o as_o all_o the_o world_n see_v how_o then_o do_v reason_n teach_v i_o that_o by_o believe_v christ_n righteousness_n to_o be_v my_o own_o i_o lay_v hand_n on_o it_o and_o make_v it_o i_o again_o christ_n righteousness_n according_a to_o their_o own_o opinion_n be_v not_o receive_v into_o we_o at_o all_o but_o be_v we_o only_o by_o god_n imputation_n what_o need_v we_o then_o faith_n as_o a_o spiritual_a hand_n to_o receive_v it_o if_o they_o say_v as_o m._n perkins_n do_v that_o faith_n be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o condition_n require_v in_o we_o which_o when_o god_n see_v in_o we_o he_o present_o impute_v christ_n righteousness_n to_o we_o and_o make_v it_o we_o then_o will_v i_o be_v bold_a to_o say_v that_o any_o other_o virtue_n be_v as_o proper_a as_o faith_n to_o have_v christ_n apply_v unto_o we_o there_o be_v no_o other_o aptness_n requisite_a in_o the_o condition_n itself_o but_o only_o the_o will_n and_o ordinance_n of_o god_n then_o every_o thing_n that_o it_o shall_v please_v he_o to_o appoint_v be_v alike_o apt_a and_o so_o m._n perkins_n have_v small_a reason_n to_o say_v that_o faith_n be_v the_o only_a apt_a instrument_n to_o apply_v to_o we_o christ_n righteousness_n moreover_o true_a divine_a reason_n teach_v i_o that_o both_o hope_n and_o charity_n do_v much_o more_o apply_v unto_o christian_n all_o christ_n merit_n and_o make_v they_o do_v then_o faith_n for_o what_o faith_n assure_v i_o of_o in_o
for_o the_o mastery_n 2._o 2._o tim._n 2._o be_v not_o crown_v unless_o he_o strive_v lawful_o it_o be_v also_o resemble_v unto_o place_n of_o honour_n 3._o math._n 25._o joh._n 14._o mat._n 13._o 1._o joh._n 3._o i_o will_v place_v thou_o over_o much_o and_o i_o go_v to_o provide_v you_o place_n grace_n be_v also_o in_o many_o place_n of_o scripture_n compare_v to_o seed_n for_o the_o seed_n of_o god_n tarry_v in_o he_o but_o a_o little_a seed_n cast_v into_o good_a ground_n and_o well_o manure_v bring_v forth_o abundance_n of_o corn_n brief_o than_o such_o equality_n as_o there_o be_v between_o the_o well_o deserve_a subject_n and_o the_o office_n between_o he_o that_o strive_v lawful_o and_o the_o crown_n between_o the_o seed_n and_o the_o corn_n be_v between_o the_o reward_n of_o heaven_n and_o the_o merit_n of_o a_o true_a servant_n of_o god_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o m._n perkins_n first_o argument_n more_o indeed_o to_o explicate_v the_o nature_n and_o condition_n of_o merit_n then_o that_o his_o reason_n naked_o propose_v do_v require_v it_o 20._o exod_n 20._o his_o second_o testimony_n be_v god_n will_v show_v mercy_n upon_o thousand_o in_o they_o that_o love_v he_o and_o keep_v his_o commandment_n hence_o he_o reason_v thus_o where_o reward_n be_v give_v upon_o mercy_n there_o be_v no_o merit_n but_o reward_n be_v give_v upon_o mercy_n as_o the_o text_n prove_v ergo_fw-la answer_n that_o in_o that_o text_n be_v nothing_o touch_v the_o reward_n of_o heaven_n which_o be_v now_o in_o question_n god_n do_v for_o his_o love_a servant_n sake_n show_v mercy_n unto_o their_o child_n or_o friend_n either_o in_o temporal_a thing_n or_o in_o call_v they_o to_o repentance_n and_o such_o like_a but_o do_v never_o for_o one_o man_n sake_n bestow_v the_o kingdom_n upon_o another_o unless_o the_o party_n himself_o be_v first_o make_v worthy_a of_o it_o that_o confirmation_n of_o he_o that_o adam_n by_o his_o continual_a and_o perfect_a obedience_n can_v not_o have_v procure_v a_o further_a increase_n of_o god_n favour_n be_v both_o beside_o the_o purpose_n and_o most_o false_a for_o as_o well_o he_o as_o every_o good_a man_n sithence_o by_o good_a use_n of_o god_n gift_n may_v day_n by_o day_n increase_v they_o and_o that_o no_o man_n think_v that_o in_o paradise_n it_o shall_v have_v be_v otherwise_o s._n augustine_n say_v express_o that_o in_o the_o felicity_n of_o paradise_n righteousness_n preserve_v shall_v have_v ascend_v into_o better_a 25._o in_o inchir_n cap._n 25._o and_o adam_n final_o and_o all_o his_o posterity_n if_o he_o have_v not_o fall_v shall_v have_v be_v from_o paradise_n translate_v alive_a into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o heaven_n this_o by_o the_o way_n now_o to_o the_o third_o argument_n 6._o rom._n 6._o scripture_n condemn_v merit_n of_o work_n the_o wage_n of_o sin_n be_v death_n true_a but_o we_o speak_v of_o good_a work_n and_o not_o of_o bad_a which_o the_o apostle_n call_v sin_n where_o be_v the_o man_n wit_n but_o it_o follow_v there_o that_o eternal_a life_n be_v the_o grace_n or_o gift_n of_o god_n this_o be_v to_o purpose_n but_o answer_v 1200._o year_n past_a by_o that_o famous_a father_n s._n augustine_n in_o diverse_a place_n of_o his_o most_o learned_a work_n i_o will_v note_v one_o or_o two_o of_o they_o first_o thus_o here_o arise_v no_o small_a doubt_n 8._o de_fw-fr gra_fw-mi &_o li._n arb_n c._n 8._o which_o by_o god_n help_n i_o will_v now_o discuss_v for_o if_o eternal_a life_n be_v render_v unto_o good_a work_n as_o the_o holy_a scripture_n do_v most_o clear_o teach_v note_n how_o then_o can_v it_o be_v call_v grace_n when_o grace_n be_v give_v free_o and_o not_o repay_v for_o work_n and_o so_o pursue_v the_o point_n of_o difficulty_n at_o large_a in_o the_o end_n resolve_v that_o eternal_a life_n be_v most_o true_o render_v unto_o good_a work_n as_o the_o due_a reward_n of_o they_o but_o because_o those_o good_a work_n can_v not_o have_v be_v do_v unless_o god_n have_v before_o free_o through_o christ_n bestow_v his_o grace_n upon_o we_o therefore_o the_o same_o eternal_a life_n be_v also_o true_o call_v grace_n because_o the_o first_o root_n of_o it_o be_v god_n free_a gift_n the_o very_a same_o answer_n do_v he_o give_v where_o he_o have_v these_o word_n 106._o epist_n 106._o eternal_a life_n be_v call_v grace_n not_o because_o it_o be_v not_o render_v unto_o meritte_n but_o for_o that_o those_o meritte_n to_o which_o it_o be_v render_v be_v give_v in_o which_o place_n he_o cross_v m._n perkins_n proportion_n most_o direct_o affirm_v that_o s._n paul_n may_v have_v say_v true_o eternal_a life_n be_v the_o pay_n or_o wage_n of_o good_a work_n but_o to_o hold_v we_o in_o humility_n partly_o and_o partly_o to_o put_v a_o difference_n between_o our_o salvation_n and_o damnation_n choose_v rather_o to_o say_v that_o the_o gift_n of_o god_n be_v life_n eternal_a because_o of_o our_o damnation_n we_o be_v the_o whole_a and_o only_a cause_n but_o not_o of_o our_o 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his_o will_n and_o ordinance_n god_n do_v in_o baptism_n for_o christ_n sake_n pardon_v both_o all_o sin_n and_o take_v full_o away_o all_o pain_n due_a to_o sin_n so_o that_o he_o who_o die_v in_o that_o state_n go_v present_o to_o heaven_n but_o if_o we_o do_v afterward_o ungrateful_o forsake_v god_n and_o contrary_a to_o our_o promise_n transgress_v against_o his_o commandment_n then_o lo_o the_o order_n of_o his_o divine_a justice_n require_v that_o we_o be_v not_o so_o easy_o receive_v again_o into_o his_o favour_n but_o he_o upon_o our_o repentance_n pardon_v the_o sin_n and_o the_o eternal_a punishment_n due_a unto_o it_o through_o christ_n do_v exact_a of_o every_o man_n a_o temporal_a satisfaction_n answerable_a unto_o the_o fault_n commit_v not_o to_o supply_v christ_n satisfaction_n which_o be_v of_o infinite_a value_n and_o may_v more_o easy_o have_v take_v away_o this_o temporal_a punishment_n than_o it_o do_v the_o eternal_a but_o that_o by_o the_o smart_n and_o grief_n 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endue_v with_o grace_n may_v satisfy_v for_o the_o measure_n of_o stripe_n must_v not_o exceed_v the_o rate_n of_o the_o fault_n the_o punishment_n then_o rest_v unsatisfied_a be_v limit_v a_o creature_n may_v pay_v it_o and_o that_o the_o reader_n may_v better_o perceive_v what_o we_o mean_v by_o the_o temporal_a pain_n let_v he_o consider_v that_o in_o sin_n be_v two_o thing_n the_o one_o be_v the_o turn_v away_o from_o god_n who_o we_o offend_v the_o other_o be_v the_o turn_n unto_o the_o thing_n for_o the_o love_n of_o which_o we_o offend_v as_o for_o glory_n lust_n lucre_n or_o such_o like_a the_o sinner_n transgress_v now_o when_o he_o be_v by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n convert_v his_o turn_n away_o from_o god_n both_o the_o sin_n and_o the_o eternal_a pain_n due_a unto_o it_o be_v free_o through_o christ_n pardon_v but_o for_o the_o pleasure_n which_o he_o take_v in_o the_o sin_n the_o man_n himself_o be_v to_o satisfy_v and_o so_o according_a unto_o the_o greatness_n of_o that_o his_o pleasure_n he_o be_v to_o do_v penance_n but_o christ_n say_v master_n perkins_n say_v on_o the_o cross_n it_o be_v finish_v wherefore_o all_o satisfaction_n be_v at_o christ_n death_n end_v as_o well_o temporal_a as_o eternal_a answer_n that_o those_o word_n have_v a_o far_o different_a sense_n to_o wit_n that_o christ_n have_v then_o end_v his_o course_n and_o fulfil_v all_o prophecy_n and_o endure_v all_o such_o torment_n as_o he_o please_v god_n to_o impose_v upon_o he_o for_o the_o redemption_n of_o mankind_n of_o satisfaction_n temporal_a there_o be_v no_o mention_n neither_o can_v any_o thing_n be_v draw_v thence_o against_o it_o no_o more_o can_v be_v out_o of_o this_o other_o christ_n make_v sin_n for_o we_o that_o be_v 5._o 2._o cor._n 5._o the_o punishment_n of_o sin_n as_o master_n perkins_n glose_v it_o but_o the_o learned_a say_v a_o host_n or_o sacrifice_n for_o sin_n but_o we_o grant_v that_o he_o suffer_v the_o punishment_n for_o our_o sin_n and_o say_v 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of_o scripture_n we_o be_v say_v to_o be_v redeem_v justify_v and_o save_v free_o but_o this_o word_n free_o import_v that_o we_o be_v save_v without_o do_v any_o thing_n ourselves_o in_o that_o matter_n of_o salvation_n answer_n not_o so_o good_a sir_n for_o even_o in_o your_o own_o doctrine_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o you_o believe_v and_o bring_v forth_o the_o fruit_n of_o repentance_n and_o that_o now_o and_o then_o you_o make_v some_o short_a prayer_n and_o receive_v the_o communion_n and_o do_v many_o other_o odd_a thing_n in_o that_o matter_n of_o salvation_n wherefore_o the_o word_n free_o do_v not_o exclude_v all_o our_o work_n and_o suffer_v in_o that_o matter_n m._n perkins_n three_o reason_n we_o pray_v daily_o forgive_v we_o our_o sin_n now_o to_o plead_v pardon_n and_o to_o satisfy_v for_o our_o sin_n be_v clean_o contrary_a answer_n if_o our_o sin_n be_v mortal_a we_o crave_v pardon_n both_o of_o the_o sin_n and_o the_o eternal_a punishment_n annex_v and_o do_v 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even_o as_o we_o will_v look_v to_o be_v pardon_v again_o if_o there_o be_v only_o a_o plea_n of_o pardon_n it_o will_v not_o serve_v m._n perkins_n purpose_n for_o who_o will_v say_v that_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o the_o pater_fw-la noster_fw-la all_o thing_n necessary_a to_o salvation_n be_v contain_v beside_o prayer_n be_v one_o part_n of_o satisfaction_n as_o shall_v be_v prove_v hereafter_o and_o so_o by_o oft_o pray_v for_o pardon_n we_o may_v well_o satisfy_v for_o much_o temporal_a punishment_n m._n perkins_n four_o argument_n be_v take_v out_o of_o certain_a odd_a fragment_n of_o ancient_a writer_n bapt_n turtul_n de_fw-fr bapt_n guiltiness_n be_v take_v away_o the_o punishment_n be_v also_o take_v away_o true_a he_o that_o be_v guilty_a of_o nothing_o can_v just_o be_v punish_v for_o guiltiness_n be_v a_o bind_v up_o to_o punishment_n as_o m._n perkins_n define_v then_o if_o the_o band_n to_o punishment_n be_v cancel_v 28._o pag._n 28._o the_o party_n be_v free_v but_o all_o this_o be_v nothing_o to_o the_o purpose_n for_o guiltiness_n of_o temporal_a punishment_n do_v remain_v after_o the_o sin_n and_o guilt_n of_o eternal_a be_v release_v 70._o de_fw-fr verb._n apost_n ser_fw-mi 37._o in_o enchir._n cap._n 70._o augustine_n say_v christ_n by_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o punishment_n and_o not_o the_o fault_n have_v do_v away_o both_o fault_n and_o punishment_n just_o the_o eternal_a punishment_n which_o be_v due_a to_o that_o fault_n not_o the_o temporal_a as_o s._n augustine_n himself_o declare_v god_n of_o compassion_n do_v blot_v out_o our_o sin_n commit_v if_o convenient_a satisfaction_n be_v not_o on_o our_o part_n neglect_v 5._o tom._n 10._o hom._n 5._o to_o that_o other_o sentence_n out_o of_o he_o when_o we_o be_v go_v out_o of_o this_o
the_o fault_n the_o party_n be_v satisfy_v in_o justice_n and_o when_o he_o that_o have_v offend_v do_v abide_v such_o punishment_n as_o the_o grievousnes_n of_o his_o offence_n do_v require_v there_o be_v both_o due_a correction_n of_o the_o offendor_n and_o due_a satisfaction_n unto_o the_o party_n offend_v m._n perkins_n final_o fly_v unto_o his_o old_a shift_n of_o imputative_a satisfaction_n that_o forsooth_o our_o suffering_n do_v not_o satisfy_v but_o the_o party_n punish_v by_o faith_n lay_v hold_v on_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o messiah_n and_o testify_v the_o same_o by_o their_o humiliation_n and_o repentance_n reply_n as_o we_o first_o grant_v that_o all_o satisfaction_n have_v his_o virtue_n from_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n dwell_v in_o we_o which_o be_v give_v we_o for_o christ_n sake_n so_o to_o say_v that_o christ_n satisfaction_n take_v away_o all_o other_o satisfaction_n be_v just_a to_o beg_v the_o principal_a point_n in_o question_n and_o therefore_o a_o old_a trivant_n trick_n to_o give_v that_o a_o final_a answer_n which_o be_v set_v in_o the_o beginning_n to_o be_v debate_v look_v upon_o the_o forename_a example_n of_o the_o ninivites_fw-la of_o who_o it_o be_v not_o certain_a that_o they_o have_v any_o express_a knowledge_n of_o the_o messiah_n and_o therefore_o be_v far_o enough_o off_o from_o lay_v hold_n on_o his_o satisfaction_n but_o most_o certain_a and_o evident_a it_o be_v in_o the_o text_n that_o god_n upon_o the_o contemplation_n of_o their_o work_n of_o penance_n take_v compassion_n on_o they_o and_o be_v satisfy_v as_o by_o turn_v away_o the_o threaten_a subvertion_n be_v most_o manifest_a our_o five_o reason_n daniel_n give_v this_o counsel_n to_o nabuchodonosor_n 4._o daniel_n 4._o redeem_v thy_o sin_n with_o alm_n and_o thy_o offence_n with_o mercy_n on_o the_o poor_a if_o by_o such_o good_a deed_n our_o sin_n may_v be_v redeem_v as_o holy_a write_v do_v testify_v than_o it_o follow_v that_o such_o work_n yield_v a_o sufficient_a satisfaction_n for_o they_o for_o redemption_n signify_v a_o full_a contentment_n of_o the_o party_n offend_v as_o well_o as_o satisfaction_n m._n perkins_n answer_v the_o skilful_a in_o the_o caldey_n teach_v that_o the_o word_n import_v rather_o a_o break_n off_o then_o redeem_v reply_n to_o author_n in_o the_o air_n without_o any_o press_n of_o the_o propriety_n of_o the_o word_n no_o answer_n can_v be_v give_v but_o let_v we_o admit_v that_o it_o be_v break_v off_o ●i●_n sin_v not_o be_v covetuousnes_n but_o pride_n and_o lack_n of_o acknowledge_v all_o kingdom_n to_o depend_v upon_o god_n as_o the_o text_n itself_o do_v specify_v to_o break_v off_o this_o sin_n by_o alm_n and_o compassion_n of_o the_o poor_a be_v nothing_o else_o but_o by_o such_o work_n of_o charity_n in_o some_o sort_n to_o satisfy_v god_n justice_n there_o to_o move_v he_o to_o take_v compassion_n of_o he_o and_o that_o by_o alm_n deed_n we_o be_v cleanse_v from_o our_o sin_n our_o saviour_n himself_o do_v teach_v say_v 11._o luc._n 11._o give_v alm_n and_o behold_v all_o thing_n be_v clean_o unto_o you_o our_o sixth_o bring_v forth_o the_o worthy_a fruit_n of_o penance_n 3_o math._n 3._o luc_n 3_o that_o be_v do_v such_o work_n as_o become_v they_o who_o be_v penitent_a which_o as_o saint_n chrysostome_n expound_v be_v he_o that_o have_v steal_v away_o another_o man_n good_n math._n hom._n 10._o in_o math._n let_v he_o now_o give_v of_o his_o own_o he_o that_o have_v commit_v fornication_n let_v he_o abstain_v from_o the_o lawful_a company_n of_o his_o own_o wife_n and_o so_o forth_o recompense_v the_o work_n of_o sin_n with_o the_o contrary_a work_n of_o virtue_n 4._o hom._n 10_o in_o euang._n in_o psal_n 4._o the_o same_o exposition_n give_v saint_n gregory_n and_o to_o omit_v all_o other_o venerable_a bede_n interprete_v they_o thus_o mortify_v your_o sin_n by_o do_v the_o worthy_a fruit_n of_o penance_n to_o wit_n by_o afflict_v yourselves_o so_o much_o for_o every_o offence_n as_o worthy_a penance_n do_v require_v which_o will_v be_v a_o sacrifice_n of_o justice_n that_o be_v a_o most_o just_a sacrifice_n to_o this_o m._n perkins_n answer_v that_o this_o text_n be_v absurd_a for_o the_o word_n repent_v signify_v only_o change_v your_o mind_n from_o sin_n to_o god_n and_o testify_v it_o by_o good_a work_n reply_n his_o answer_n be_v most_o absurd_a for_o we_o argue_v out_o of_o these_o word_n worthy_a fruit_n of_o penance_n and_o he_o answer_v to_o the_o word_n go_v before_o repent_v which_o we_o use_v not_o against_o they_o and_o for_o his_o gloze_n or_o testify_v our_o repentance_n be_v sufficient_o confute_v by_o the_o father_n before_o allege_v and_o s._n john_n express_o make_v they_o the_o mean_n to_o escape_v the_o wrath_n of_o god_n say_v that_o the_o axe_n be_v set_v to_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tree_n and_o unless_o by_o worthy_a fruit_n of_o penance_n they_o appease_v god_n they_o shall_v be_v cut_v up_o and_o cast_v into_o hell_n fire_n and_o seem_v to_o confute_v the_o lay_n hold_v on_o christ_n satisfaction_n by_o faith_n say_v it_o will_v not_o help_v you_o to_o say_v that_o you_o be_v the_o son_n of_o abraham_n who_o be_v father_n of_o all_o true_a believer_n as_o much_o as_o if_o he_o have_v say_v trust_v not_o to_o your_o faith_n hand_n off_o you_o generation_n of_o viper_n for_o notwithstanding_o you_o be_v the_o son_n of_o the_o faithful_a unless_o you_o amend_v your_o life_n and_o for_o the_o evil_a work_n which_o you_o have_v do_v heretofore_o make_v recompense_n and_o satisfy_v the_o justice_n of_o god_n with_o good_a you_o shall_v be_v cast_v into_o hell_n fire_n 7.10_o 2_o cor._n 7.10_o the_o 7._o objection_n with_o m._n perkins_n paul_n set_v down_o sundry_a fruit_n of_o repentance_n whereof_o one_o be_v revenge_n whereby_o repentant_a person_n punish_v themselves_o to_o satisfy_v god_n justice_n for_o the_o temporal_a punishment_n of_o their_o sin_n m._n perkins_n answer_v a_o repentant_a sinner_n must_v take_v vengeance_n of_o himself_o and_o that_o be_v to_o use_v all_o mean_n to_o subdue_v the_o corruption_n of_o nature_n and_o to_o bridle_v carnal_a affection_n which_o kind_n of_o action_n be_v restraynement_n proper_o but_o no_o punishment_n direct_v against_o the_o sin_n but_o not_o against_o the_o person_n reply_n i_o never_o see_v any_o writer_n so_o contradict_v himself_o and_o so_o dull_a that_o he_o do_v not_o understand_v his_o own_o word_n if_o this_o subdue_n of_o our_o corrupt_a nature_n be_v restraynement_n only_o from_o sin_n hereafter_o and_o not_o also_o punishment_n of_o sin_n past_a how_o then_o do_v the_o repentant_a sinner_n take_v vengeance_n of_o himself_o which_o you_o affirm_v that_o he_o must_v do_v revenge_n as_o every_o simple_a body_n know_v be_v the_o requital_n of_o evil_a past_a we_o grant_v that_o all_o satisfaction_n be_v direct_v against_o sin_n and_o not_o against_o the_o person_n but_o for_o the_o great_a good_a of_o the_o man_n albeit_o that_o for_o a_o season_n it_o may_v afflict_v both_o his_o body_n and_o mind_n too_o as_o saint_z paul_n former_a epistle_n do_v the_o corinthian_n but_o this_o sorrow_n be_v according_a unto_o god_n do_v much_o benefit_n the_o person_n as_o the_o apostle_n declare_v for_o beside_o this_o revenge_n take_v on_o himself_o to_o appease_v god_n wrath_n it_o breed_v as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o text_n follow_v in_o our_o corrupt_a nature_n that_o love_v not_o such_o chastisement_n a_o fear_n to_o return_v to_o sin_n lest_o it_o be_v again_o punish_v for_o where_o there_o be_v no_o fear_n of_o pain_n and_o much_o pleasure_n thither_o our_o corruption_n will_v run_v headlong_o it_o stur_v up_o also_o in_o we_o indignation_n against_o sin_n and_o all_o the_o wicked_a instrument_n of_o it_o a_o defence_n and_o clear_n of_o ourselves_o with_o the_o honest_a sort_n and_o a_o emulation_n and_o desire_v to_o fly_v as_o far_o from_o sin_n as_o other_o our_o equal_n and_o consequent_o a_o love_n of_o virtue_n and_o honest_a life_n which_o free_v we_o from_o that_o sorrow_n and_o all_o other_o troublesome_a passion_n all_o which_o be_v playnelie_o gather_v out_o of_o the_o same_o text_n of_o saint_n paul_n last_o say_v m._n perkins_n they_o make_v three_o work_n of_o satisfaction_n prayer_n fast_v and_o almesdeede_n for_o the_o first_o it_o be_v mere_a foolishness_n to_o think_v that_o a_o man_n by_o prayer_n can_v satisfy_v for_o his_o sin_n it_o be_v all_o one_o as_o if_o you_o have_v say_v that_o a_o beggar_n by_o ask_v a_o alm_n can_v deserve_v the_o alm_n or_o a_o debtor_n by_o request_v his_o creditor_n to_o pardon_v his_o debt_n shall_v thereby_o pay_v his_o debt_n that_o prayer_n do_v appease_v god_n justice_n and_o obtain_v pardon_n god_n himself_o be_v witness_n say_v call_v upon_o i_o in_o the_o