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A53723 The principles of the doctrine of Christ: unfolded in two short catechismes, wherein those principles of religion are explained, the knowledge whereof is required by the late ordinance of Parliament, before any person bee admitted to the sacrament of the Lords Supper. For the use of the congregation at Fordham, in the county of Essex. By John Owen pastor there. Owen, John, 1616-1683. 1645 (1645) Wing O796; ESTC R214593 28,293 68

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first typifyed by the old sacrifices secondly foretold in the first promise thirdly made lawfull and valid in it selfe first by Gods determination the supreame Law-giver secondly his own voluntary undergoing it thirdly by a relaxation of the Law in regard of the subject punished Fourthly beneficiall to us because united to us as first our head secondly our elder brother thirdly our sponsor or surety fourthly our husband fifthly our God or redeemer c. (3) No change in all these but what necessary follows the change of the persons sustaining (4) The death that Christ underwent was eternall in its own nature tendance not so to him because of his holinesse power and the unity of his person (5) Hee suffered not as God but hee suffered who was God (6) Wee are freed from the anger of God by a perfect 〈…〉 dring to the full 〈◊〉 of what he required from the power of Satan by absolute conquest on our behalfe (7) The new Covenant is Christs legacy in his last Will unto his people the eternall inheritance of glory being conveyed therby (9) All these holy tru●hs are directly denyed by the blasphemous Socinians of the papists with their merits masses penance purgatory by consequent overthrown (8) The death of Christ was satisfactory in respect of the strict justice of God meritorious in respect of the covenant between him and his Father (10) To make Saints our intercessours is ●o renounce Jesus Christ from being a sufficient Saviour (1) Christ differed from all other Prophets first in his sending which was immediately from the bosome of his Father secondly his assistance which was the fulnesse of the Spirit thirdly his manner of teaching with authority (2) To accuse his word of imperfection in Doctrine or Discipline is to deny him a perfect Prophet or to have born witnesse unto all Truth (1) The humiliation of Christ shews us what wee must here doe and suffer his exaltation what wee may hope for (2) The first of these holds forth his mighty love to us the other his mighty power in himself (3) The onely way to heaven is by the cr●sse (1) Christ giveth life to all that world for whom he gave his life (2) None that hee dyed for shall ever dye (3) To say that Christ dyed for every man universally is to affirm that hee did no more for the Elect then the reprobates for them that are saved then for them that are damned which is the Arminian blasphemy (1) The Elect Angels belong to this Church (2) No distance of time or place breaks the unity of this Church heaven earth from the beginning of the wo●ld unto the end are comprized in it (3) No mention in Scripture of any Church in purgatory (4) This is the Catholick Church though that term ●ee not to bee found in the Word in this sense the thing it self is obvious (5) The Pope challenging unto himselfe the title of the head of the Catholick Church is blasphemously rebellious against Jesus Christ 6 This is that Ark out of which whosoever is shall surely perish (1) Of this faith the holy Spirit is the efficient cause the Word the instrumentall the Law indirectly by discovering our m●sery the Gospel immediately by holding forth a Saviour (2) Faith is in the understanding in respect of its beeing subsistence in the will heart in respect of its effectual working (1) Our effectuall calling is the first effect of our everlasting election (2) Wee have no actuall interest in nor right unto Christ untill wee are thus called (3) They who so boast of the strength of free will in the work of our conversion are themselves an example what it is being given up to so vile an errour destitute of the grace of God (1) Legall Evangelicall justification differ first on the part of the persons to bee justifyed the one requiring a person legally and perfectly righteous the other a beleeving sinner secondly on the part of God who in the one is a severe righteous Judge in the other a mercifull reconciled Father thirdly in the sentence which in the one acquitteth as having done nothing amisse the other as having all amisse pardoned (1) Repentance includeth first alteration of the minde into a hatred of sin before loved secondly sorrow of the affections for sin committed thirdly change of the actions arising from both (2) Repentance is either legall servile and terrifying from the spirit of bondage or Evangelicall filiall and comforting from the spirit of free grace and liberty which onely is availeable (3) Every part of popish Repentance viz. contrition confession satisfaction was performed by Judas (4) All Faith profession without this holines is vain and of no effect (5) True Faith can no more be wi●hout true holinesse then true fire without heat (6) Merit of works in unprofitable servants no way able to do their duty is a popish mi●acle (7) In Christ are our persons accepted freely and for him our obedience (8) The best duties of unbeleevers are but white sins (1) By vertue of this union Christ suffereth in our afflictions and wee fill up in our bodies what remaineth as his (2) From Christ as head of the Church wee have spirituall life sense and motion or growth in grace secondly as the husband of the Church love and redemption thirdly as the foundation thereof stability and perseverance (3) This is that great honour dignity of beleevers which exalts them to a despising all earthly thrones (4) Our liberty is our inheritance here below which wee ought to contend for against all opposers (5) Nothing makes men condemn the Law as a rule but hatred of that universall holinesse which it doth require (6) Rule and authority are as necessary for humane society as fire and water for our lives (1) This is one of the greatest mysteries of the Roman Magick and jugling that corporall elements should have a power to forgive sins and confer spirituall grace (1) Not the want but the con●empt of this Sacrament is damnable (2) It is hard to say whether the errour of the Papists requiring Baptisme of absolute indispensable necessity to the salvation of every Infant or that of the Anabaptists debarring them from it altogether bee the most uncharitable (1) Baptisme is the Sacrament of our new birth this of our further growth in Christ (2) No part of Christian Religion was ever so vilely contaminated abused by profane wretches as this pure holy plain action and institution of our Saviour witnesse the Popish horrid monster of transubstantiation and their idolatrous Masse (3) What ever is more then these is of our own (4) Faith in Gods promises which it doth confirm union with Christ whereof it is a seale and obedience to the right use of the Ordinance it self is required of all Receivers (5) There is no● any one action pertaining to the spirituall nature of this Sacrament not any end put upon it by Christ as first the partaking of his body and blood secondly setting forth of his death for us thirdly declaring of our union with him and his but require Faith Grace and holinesse in the Receivers (1) By vertue of this we partake in all the good and evill of the people of God through out the world (1) Every corruption doth not presently unchurch a people (2) Unholines of fellow-worshippers defileth not Gods Ordinances (3) Ministers are the Bishops of the Lord Lord-bishops came from Rome
all this A. Divers as first a internally and effectually by his Spirit writing his Law in our hearts secondly b outwardly and instrumentally by the Word Preached a Jer. 31.32 33. 2 Cor. 3.3 1 Thess. 4.9 Heb. 8.10 b Joh. 20.31 1 Cor. 12.28 Ephes. 4.8 9 10 11 12 13. 2 Pet. 1.21 CHAP. XIV Of the twofold estate of Christ Q. 1. In what estate or condition doth Christ exercise these Offices A. In a twofold estate first of humiliation (1) (2) (3) or abasement secondly of exaltation or glory Phil. 2.8 9 10. Q. 2. Wherein consisteth the state of Christs humiliation A. In three things first a in his incarnation or being born of woman secondly b his obedience or fulfilling the whole Law Morall and Ceremoniall thirdly in his c passion or induring all sorts of miseries even death it self a Luk. 1.35 Ioh. 1.14 Rom. 1.3 Gal. 4.4 Heb. 2.9 14. b Matth. 3.15 5.17 Luk. 2.21 Ioh. 8.46 2 Cor. 5. 21. 1 Pet. 1.19 1 Ioh. 3.5 c Psa. 53.4 5 6. Heb. 2.9 1 Pet. 2.21 Q. 3. Wherein consists his exaltation A. In first his resurrection secondly Ascension thirdly sitting at the right hand of God by all which hee was declared to bee the Son of God with power Mat. 28.18 Rom. 1.4 4 4. Ephes. 4.9 Phil. 2.9 10. 1 Tim. 3.16 CHAP. XV Of the persons to whom the benefits of Christs Offices doe belong Q. 1. Vnto whom doe the saving benefits of what Christ performeth in the execution of his Offices belong A. Onely to his Elect (1) (2) (3) Joh. 17.9 Esa. 63.9 Heb. 3.6 10.21 Q. 2. Dyed hee for no other A. None in respect of his Fathers eternall purpose and his own intention of removing wrath from them procuring grace and glory for them Act. 20.28 Matth. 20.28 26.28 Heb. 9.28 Joh. 11.51 52. Esa. 53.12 Ioh. 3.16 10 11 12 13 15. Ephes. 5.25 Rom. 8.32.34 Gal. 3.13 Ioh. 6.37.39 Rom. 4.25 2 Cor. 5.19 20. Q. 3. What shall become of them for whom Christ dyed not A. Everlasting torments for their sinnes their portion in their owne place Mark 16.16 Ioh. 3.36 Matth. 25.41 Act. 1.25 Q. 4. For whom doth he make intercession A. Onely for those who from eternity were given him by his Father Ioh. 17. Heb 7.24 25. CHAP. XVI Of the Church Q. 1. How are the Elect called in respect of their obedience unto Christ and union with him A. His Church Act. 20.28 Ephes. 5.32 Q. 2. What is the Church of Christ A. The whole company of Gods (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Elect a called b of God c by the Word and Spirit d out of their naturall condition to the dignity of his children and e united unto Christ their Head by faith in the bond of the Spirit a Act. 2.47 1 Tim. 5.21 Heb. 12.22 23 24. b Rom. 1.5 6. Rom. 9 11.24 1 Cor. 4.15 2 Tim. 1.9 c Act. 16.14 Ioh. 3.8 1 Cor. 4.15 1 Pet. 1.23 Heb. 8.10 d Ephes. 2.11 12 13. Col. 1.13 Heb. 2.14 15. 1 Pet. 2.9 e Ioh. 17.21 Ephes. 2.18 19 20 21 22. Q. 3. Is this whole Church alwayes in the same state A. No one part of it is Militant the other Triumphant Q. 4. What is the Church Militant A. That portion of Gods Elect which in their generation cleaveth unto Christ by Faith and fighteth against the world flesh and devill Ephes. 6.11 12. Heb. 11.13 14. 12.1.4 Q. 5. What is the Church Triumphant A. That portion of Gods people who having fought their fight and kept the Faith are now in heaven resting from their labours 6 Ephes. 5.27 Revel. 3.21 ch. 14.13 Q. 6. Are not the Church of the Jews before the birth of Christ and the Church of the Christians since two Churches A. No essentially they are but one differing onely in some outward administrations Ephes. 2.12 13 14 15 16. 1 Cor. 10.3 Gal. 4.26 27. Heb. 11.15.26.40 Q. 7. Can this Church bee wholly overthrown on the earth A. No unlesse the Decree of God may bee changed and the promise of Christ faile Matth. 16.18 28.20 Ioh. 14.16 Ioh. 17. 1 Tim. 3.15 2 Tim. 2.19 CHAP. XVII Of Faith Q. 1. By what meanes doe wee become actuall members of this Church of God A. By a lively justifying Faith (1) whereby wee are united unto Christ the head thereof Act. 2.47 13.48 Heb. 11.6 12.22 23. 4.2 Rom. 5.1 2. Ephes. 2.13 14. Q. 2. What is a justifying Faith A. A a gracious resting upon (2) the free promises of God in Jesus Christ for mercy b with a firm perswasion of heart that God is a reconciled Father unto us in the Son of his love a 1 Tim. 1.16 Ioh 13.15 19.25 Rom. 4.5 b Heb. 4.16 Rom. 8.38 39. Gal. 2.20 2 Cor. 5.20 21. Q. 3. Have all this Faith A. None but the Elect of God Tit. 1.1 Ioh. 10.26 Matth. 13.11 Act. 13.48 Rom. 8.30 Q. Doe not then others beleeve that make profession A. Yes with first historicall Faith or a perswasion that the things writen in the Word are true James 2.9 secondly temporary Faith which hath some joy of the affections upon unspirituall grounds in the things beleeved Matth. 13.20 Mark 6.20 Joh. 2.23 24. Act. 8.13 CHAP. XVIII Of our Vocation or Gods calling us Q. 1. How come wee to have this saving Faith A. It is freely bestowed upon us and wrought in us by the Spirit of God in our vocation or calling Ioh. 6.29.44 Ephes. 2.8 9. Phil. 1.29 2 Thess. 1.11 Q. 2. What is our vocation or this calling of God A. The free gracious (1) (2) act of Almighty God whereby in Jesus Christ hee calleth and translateth us from the state of Nature sinne wrath and corruption into the state of grace and union with Christ by the mighty effectuall working of his Spirit in the preaching of the Word Col. 1.12 13. 2 Tim. 1.9 Deut. 30.6 Ezek. 36.26 Matth. 11.25 26. Joh. 1.13 3.3.8 Ephes. 1.19 Col. 2.12 1 Cor. 4.7 Jam. 1.18 2 Pet. 2.20 Act. 16.14 Q. 3. What doe wee our selves perform in this change or work of our conversion A. Nothing at all being meerly (3) wrought upon by the free grace and Spirit of God when in our selves wee have no ability to any thing that is spiritually good Matth. 7.18 10.20 Joh. 1.13 15.5 1 Cor. 12.3 1 Cor. 2.5 2 Cor. 3.5 Ephes. 2.1.8 Rom. 8.26 Phil. 1.6 Q. 4. Doth God thus call all and every one A. All within the ●pale of the Church are outwardly called by the Word none effectually but the Elect Mat. 22.14 Rom. 8.30 CHAP. XIX Of Justification Q. 1. Are wee accounted righteous and saved for our Faith when wee are thus freely called A. No but meerely by the imputation of the righteousnesse of Christ apprehended and applyed by Faith for which alone the Lord accepts us as holy and righteous Esa. 43.25 Rom.