vnsowred with this and so be * saved Fourthly if they all held this heresie many there were that helde it no doubt but only in a generall forme of words which a favourable interpretation might expound in a sense differing farre enough from the poysoned conceipt of heresie As for example did they holde that wee cannot bee saved with Christ without good works We our selues do I thinke al say as much with this construction salvation being taken as in that sentence Corde creditur ad iustitiam ore fit confessio ad salutem except infants and men cut off vpon the point of their conversion of the rest none shall see God but such as seeke peace and holines though not a cause of their salvation yet as a way which they must walke which will be saved Did they that hold without works that we are not iustified take iustification so as it may also imply sanctificatiō And S. Iames doth say as much For except there be an ambiguitie in the same tearme S. Paul and S. Iames do contradict each the other which can not be Now there is no ambiguity in the name either of faith or of workes being meant by them both in one and the same sense Finding therefore that iustification is spoken of by S. Paul without implying sanctification when he proveth that a man is iustified by faith without workes finding likewise that iustificatiō doth some time imply sanctification also with it I suppose nothing to be more sound then so to interpret S. Iames speaking not in that sense but in this 21 Wee haue already shewed that there bee two kindes of Christian righteousnes the one without vs which we haue by imputation th' other in vs which cōsisteth of faith hope and charitie and other Christian vertues And S. Iames doth proue that Abraham had not only the one because the thing beleeved was imputed vnto him for righteousnes but also the other because he offered vp his son God giveth vs both the one iustice and the other the one by accepting vs for righteous in Christ th' other by working christian righteousnes in vs. The proper and most immediate efficient cause in vs of this later is the spirit of adoptiō we haue received into our hearts That whereof it consisteth where of it is really and formally made are those infused vertues proper and particular vnto Saints which the spirit in the very moment when first it is given of of God bringeth with it the effects whereof are such actions as the Apostle doth call the fruits of works the operations of the spirit The difference of the which operations from the root whereof they spring maketh it needfull to put two kinds likewise of sanctifying righteousnes Habituall and Actuall Habituall that holinesse wherewith our soules are inwardly indued the same instant when first we begin to be the temples of the Holy Ghost Actuall that holynesse which afterwards beautifieth all the parts and actions of our life the holynes for the which Enoch Iob Zacharie Elizabeth other Saints are in the Scriptures so highly commended If here it be demanded which of these we do first receiue I answere that the spirit the vertues of the spirit the habituall iustice which is ingrafted the externall iustice of Iesus Christ which is imputed these wee receiue all at one and the same time whensoever we haue any of these we haue all they goe together Yet sith no man is iustified except he beleeue and no man beleeueth except he haue faith and no man except he haue received the spirit of adoption hath faith for asmuch as they doe necessarily inferre iustification and iustification doth of necessity presuppose them we must needs hold that imputed righteousnes in dignitie being the chiefest is notwithstanding in order the last of all these but actuall righteousnesse which is the righteousnes of good workes succeedeth all followeth after al both in order and time Which being attentiuely marked sheweth plainely how the faith of true beleevers cannot bee divorced from hope and loue how faith is a part of sanctification and yet vnto iustification necessarie howe faith is perfected by good workes and no worke of ours without faith finally how our fathers might hold that we are iustified by faith alone and yet hold truely that without works we are not iustified Did they think that men doe merit rewards in heaven by the workes they performe on earth The ancient vse meriting for obtaining and in that sense they of Wittenberg haue it in their confession We teach that good workes commaunded of God are necessarily to be done and by the free kindnes of God they merit their certaine rewards Therefore speaking as our fathers did and we taking their speech in a sound meaning as we may take our fathers and might for asmuch as their meaning is doubtfull and charity doth alwaies interprete doubtfull things favourably what should iuduce vs to thinke that rather the dammage of the worst construction did light vpon them all thē that the blessing of the better was granted vnto thousands Fiftly if in the worst construction that may bee made they had generally al imbraced it living might not many of them dying vtterly renounce it Howsoever men when they sit at ease do vainely tickle their hearts with the wanton conceipt of I knowe not what proportionable correspondence betweene their merits their rewards which in the trance of their high speculations they dreame that God hath measured weighed laid vp as it were in bundles for them notwithstanding we see by dayly experience in a number even of them that when the houre of death approcheth when they secretly heare themselues summoned forthwith to appeare and stand at the barre of that Iudge whose brightnesse causeth the eies of the Angels themselues to dazle all these idle imaginations doe then begin to hide their faces to name merits is then to lay their soules vpon the racke the memorie of their own deeds is lothsome vnto them they forsake all things wherein they haue put any trust or confidence no staffe to leane vpon no ease no rest no comfort then but only in Iesus Christ. 22 Wherefore if this proposition were true To hold in such wise as the Church of Rome doth that we cannot be saved by Christ alone without workes is directly to denie the foundation of faith I say that if this proposition were true nevertheles so many waies I haue shewed where by we may hope that thousandes of our fathers which lived in popish superstition might be saved But what if it be true what if neither that of the Galatians concerning circumcision nor this of the church of Rome by works be any direct denial of the foūdatiō as it is affirmed that both are I neede not wade so farre as to discusse this controversie the matter which first was brought into question being so cleere as I hope it is Howbeit because I desire that the truth even in that also should receiue
were rigorous of things not vtterly to be neglected and left vndone washings and tithings c. As they were in these so must we be in iudgement and the loue of God Christ in workes ceremoniall giueth more liberty in morall much lesse then they did Workes of righteousnesse therefore are not so repugnantlie added in the one pro position as in the other circumcision is 31 But we say our salvation is by Christ alone therefore howsoever or whatsoever wee adde vnto Christ in the matter of salvation we overthrow Christ. Our case were very hard if this argument so vniversally meant as it is proposed were sound and good We our selues doe not teach Christ alone excluding our owne faith vnto iustificatiō Christ alone excluding our own works vnto sanctification Christ alone excluding the one or the other vnnecessarie vnto salvation It is a childish cavill wherewith in the matter of iustification our adversaries do so greatly please themselues exclaiming that we tread all Christian vertues vnder our feet and require nothing in Christians but faith because wee teach that faith alone iustifieth whereas by this speech we never meant to exclude either hope or charitie frō being alwaies ioined as inseparable mates with faith in the man that is iustified or workes from being added as necessarie duties required at the hands of every iustified man but to shew that faith is the only hand which putteth on Christ vnto iustification and Christ the only garment which being so put on covereth the shame of our defiled natures hideth the imperfections of our workes preserveth vs blameles in the sight of God before whom otherwise the weaknesse of our faith were cause sufficiēt to make vs culpable yea to shut vs frō the kingdome of heaven where nothing that is not absolute can enter That our dealing with them bee not as childish as theirs with vs when wee heare of salvation by Christ alone considering that alone as an exclusiue particle we are to note what it doth exclude where If I say such a iudge only ought to determine such a case all things incident to the determination thereof besides the person of the Iudge as lawes dispositions evidences c. are not hereby excluded persons are not excluded from witnessing herein or assisting but onely from determining and giving sentence How then is our salvation wrought by Christ alone It is not our meaning that nothing is requisite to mans salvatiō but Christ to saue and he to be saved quietly without anie more adooe As we haue received so we teach that besides the bare and naked worke wherein Christ without anie other associate finished all the partes of our redemption purchased salvation himselfe alone for conveiance of this eminent blessing vnto vs manie things are of necessitie required as to bee knowne and chosen of God before the foundation of the world in the world to called iustified sanctified after wee haue left the world to be receiued vnto glorie Christ in everie of these hath somwhat which he worketh alone Through him according to the eternall purpose of God before the foundation of the world borne crucified buried raised c. wee were in a gratious acceptiō knowne vnto God long before we were seene of men God knew vs loved vs was kinde to vs in Jesus Christ in him we were elected to be heires of life Thus farre God through Christ hath wrought in such sort alone that our selues are meere patients working no more then dead senselesse matter wood or stone or yron doth in the artificers hands no more then the clay whē the potter appointeth it to be framed for an honourable vse nay not so much for the matter wherevpon the craftsman worketh he chooseth being moved by the fitnesse which is in it to serue his turne in vs no such thing Touching the rest which is laid for the foundation of our faith importeth farther that by him we are called that we haue redēptiō remissiō of sins through his blood health by his stripes iustice by him that he doth sanctifie his Church make it glorious to himself that h entrance into ioie shal be givē vs by him yea all things by him alone Howbeit not so by him alone as if in vs to i our vocatiō the hearing of the Gospell to our iustification faith to our sanctification the fruits of the spirit to our entrance into rest perseverance in hope in faith in holinesse were not necessarie 32 Then what is the fault of the Church of Rome Not that shee requireth workes at their handes which will be saved but that shee attributeth vnto workes a power of satisfying God for sin yea a vertue to merite both grace here and in heaven glorie That this overthroweth the foundation of faith I graunt willingly that it is a direct denying thereof I vtterlie deny what it is to hold and what directly to deny the foundation of faith I haue already opened Apply it particularly to this cause and there needs no more adooe The thing which is handled if the forme vnder which it is handled be added therevnto it sheweth the foundation of any doctrine whatsoever Christ is the matter whereof the doctrine of the Gospell treateth and it treateth of Christ as of a Saviour Salvation therefore by Christ is the foundation of Christianitie as for works they are a thing subordinate no otherwise then because our sanctification cannot be accomplished without them the doctrine concerning them is a thing builded vpon the foundation therefore the doctrine which addeth vnto them the power of satisfying or of meriting addeth vnto a thing subordinated builded vpon the foundation not to the verie foundation it selfe yet is the foundation by this addition consequently overthrowne for as much as out out of this addion it may be negatiuely concluded He which maketh any worke good and acceptable in the sight of God to proceede from the naturall freedome of our will he which giveth vnto any good workes of ours the force of satisfying the wrath of God for sin the power of meriting either earthly or heavenly rewards he which holdeth works going before our vocation in congruity to merite our vocation works following our first to merite our second iustification and by condignitie our last reward in the kingdome of heaven pulleth vp the doctrin of faith by the roots for out of every of these the plain direct deniall thereof may bee necessarilie concluded Not this only but what other heresie is there that doth not raze the very foundation of faith by consequent How be it we make a difference of heresies accoūting in the next degree to infidelitie which directly denie any one thing to be which is expreslie acknoweledged in the articles of our beliefe for out of any one article so denied the deniall of the very foundation it selfe is streightway inferd As for example if a man should saie There is no Catholicke Church it
followeth immediatlie therevpon that this Jesus whom wee call the Saviour is not the Saviour of the world because all the Prophets beare witnesse that the true Messias should shew light vnto the Gentiles that is to say gather such a Church as is Catholicke not restrained any longer vnto one circumcised nation In the second rancke we place them out of whose positions the deniall of any the foresaid articles may be with like facilitie concluded such as are they which haue denyed either the Divinitie of Christ with Hebion or with Martion his Humanitie an example whereof may be that of Cassianus defending the incarnation of the sonne of God against Nestorius Bishop of Antioch which held that the Virgin when shee brought forth Christ did not bring forth the sonne of God but sole and a mere man out of which heresie the deniall of the articles of the Christian faith he deduceth thus If thou dost denie our Lord Iesus Christ in denying the sonne thou canst not choose but denie the father for according to the voice of the father himselfe He that hath not the sonne hath not the father Wherefore denying him which is begotten thou deniest him which doth beget Againe denying the sonne of God to haue beene borne in the flesh how canst thou beleeue him to haue suffred beleeving not his passion what remaineth but that thou deny his resurrection For we beleeue him not raised except wee first beleeue him dead neither can the reason of his rising from the dead stand without the faith of his death going being before The deniall of his death and passion inferreth the deniall of his rising from the depth Wherevpon it followeth that thou also denie his ascension into heaven The Apostle affirmeth that he which ascended did first descend so that as much as lyeth in thee our Lord Iesus Christ hath neither risen from the depth nor is ascended into heaven nor sitteth at the right hand God the father neither shall he come at the day of finall account which is looked for nor shall iudge the quicke and dead And darest thou yet set foot in the church Canst thou thinke they selfe a Bishop when thou hast denyed all those things whereby thou dost obtaine a Bishoply calling Nestorius confessed all the articles of the Creed but his opiniō did imply the denial of every part of his cōfessiō Heresies there are of the third sort such as the Church of Rome maintaineth which be removed by a greater distance frō the foundation although indeed they over throw it Yet because of that weakenes which the Philosopher noteth in mens capacities when he saith that the common sort cannot see things which followe in reason when they follow as it were a farre of by manie deductions therefore the repugnancie of such heresie and the foundation is not so quickly or so easily found but that an hereticke of this sooner then of the former kinde may directly graunt and consequently neverthelesse denie the foundation of faith 33 If reason be suspected triall will shew that the Church of Rome doeth no otherwise by teaching the doctrine she doth teach concerning good works offer them the verie fundamentall words and what man is there that will refuse to subscribe vnto them Can they directly graunt and directly deny one and the very self-same thing Our own proceedings in disputing against their works satisfactorie meritorious do shew not onely that they hold but that we acknowledge them to hold the foundation notwithstanding their opiniō For are not these our arguments against them Christ alone hath satisfied and appeased his fathers wrath Christ hath merited salvation alone We should doe fondly to vse such disputes neither could we thinke to prevaile by them if that wherevpon wee ground were a thing which we know they do not hold which wee are assured they will not graunt Their very answers to all such reasons as are in this controversie brought against thē will not permit vs to doubt whether they hold the foūdation or no. Can any man that hath read their books concerning this matter be ignorant how they draw all their answers vnto these heads That the remission of all our sinnes the pardon of all whatsoever punishments thereby deserved the rewards which God hath laid vp in heaven are by the blood of our Lord Iesus Christ purchased and obtained sufficiently for all men but for no man effectually for his benefit in particular except the blood of Christ bee applied particularly vnto him by such meanes as God hath appointed that to worke by That those meanes of themselues being but dead things only the blood of Christ is that which putteth life force and ifficacie in them to worke and to be availeable each in his kind to our salvation Finally that grace being purchased for vs by the blood of Christ freely without any merit or desert at the first bestowed vpon vs the good things which we doe after grace receiued be thereby made satisfactorie and meritorious Some of their sentences to this effect I must alleage for mine owne war rant If we desire to heare forraine iudgements we find in one this confession He that could reckon how many the vertues and merits of our Saviour Christ haue beene might likewise vnderstand how many the benefits haue beene that are to come to vs by him for so much as men are made partakers of them all by meanes of his passion by him is given vnto vs remission of our sinnes grace glorie libertie praise salvation redemption iustification iustice satisfaction sacraments merits and all other things which we had were behouefull for our salvation In another wee haue these oppositions and answers made vnto them All grace is given by Christ Iesus True but not except Christ Iesus be applied He is the propitiation for our sinnes by his stripes we are healed he hath offered himselfe vp for vs all this is true but apply it we put all satisfactiō in the blood of Iesus Christ but we hold that the meanes which Christ hath appointed for vs in this case to apply it are our penall workes Our Countrimen in Rhemes make the like answere that they seeke salvation no other way then by the blood of Christ that humbly they doe vse prayers fastings almes faith charitie sacrifice sacraments priests onely as the meanes appointed by Christ to apply the benefit of his holy blood vnto them touching our good workes that in their owne natures they are not meritorious nor answerable to the ioyes of heaven it commeth by the grace of Christ not of the work it selfe that we haue by well doing a right to heaven and deserue it worthily If any man thinke that I seeke to varnish their opiniōs to set the better foot of a lame cause foremost let him know that since I began throughly to vnderstand their meaning I haue found their halting greater then perhaps it seemeth to them which knowe not the deepnesse of
of the medicine whereby Christ cureth our disease about the manner of applying it about the number and the power of meanes which God requireth in vs for the effectuall applying thereof to our soules comfort When they are required to shew what the righteousnes is whereby a Christian man is iustified they answere that it is a divine spirituall quality which qualitie receaued into the soul doth first make it to be one of them who are borne of God and secondly indue it with power to bring forth such workes as they doe that are borne of him even as the soule of man being ioined to his body doth first make him to be of the number of reasonable creatures and secondly inable him to performe the naturall functions which are proper to his kind that it maketh the soule amiable and gratious in the sight of God in regard whereof it is tearmed grace that it purgeth purifyeth and washeth out all the staines and pollutions of sinne that by it through the merite we are delivered as from sinne so from eternall death and condemnation the reward of sinne This grace they will haue to be applied by infusion to the end that as the body is warm by the heate which is in the body so the soule might be righteous by the inherent grace which grace they make capable of increase as the body may be more and more warme so the soule more and more iustified according as grace shall be augmented the augmentation whereof is merited by good workes as good works are made meritorious by it Wherefore the first receipt of grace in their divinity is the first iustification the increase thereof the secōd iustification As grace may be increased by the merit of good workes so it may be diminished by the demerit of sinnes veniall it may be lost by mortall sinne In asmuch therefore as it is needfull in the one case to repaire in the other to recover the losse which is made the infusion of grace hath her sundry after meales for the which cause they make many waies to apply the infusion of grace It is applied to infants through baptisme without either faith or works and in them really it taketh away originall sinne the punishment due vnto it it is applied to Infidels and wicked men in the first iustification through baptisme without works yet not without faith and it taketh away both sinnes actuall and originall together withall whatsoever punishment eternall or temporall thereby deserved Vnto such as haue attained the first iustification that is to say the first receipt of grace it is applyed farther by good workes to the increase of former grace which is the second iustification If they worke more and more grace doth more and more increase and they are more and more iustified To such as diminished it by veniall sinnes it is applyed by holy water Ave maries crossings papall salutations such like which serue for reparations of grace decayed To such as haue lost it through mortall sinne it is applyed by the sacrament as they terme it of Pennance which sacrament hath force to conferre grace anew yet in such sort that being so conferred it hath not altogither so much power as at the first For it only cleanseth out the staine or guilt of sinne committed and changeth the punishment eternall into a temporall satisfactory punishment here if time do serue if not hereafter to be indured except it be lightened by masses workes of charity pilgrimages fasts and such like or else shortened by pardon for terme or by plenary pardon quite removed and taken away This is the mistery of the mā of sinne This maze the Church of Rome doth cause her followers to treade when they aske her the way to iustification I cannot stand now to vnrip this building and to sift it piece by piece only I will passe by it in few words that that may befall Babilon in the presence of that which God hath builded as happened vnto Dagon before the arke 6 Doubtlesse saith the Apostle I haue counted all things losse and iudge them to be dounge that I may winne Christ and to be found in him not having my owne righteousnes but that which is through the faith of Christ the righteousnes which is of God through faith Whether they speake of the first or second iustification they make it the essence of a divine quality inherent they make it righteousnesse which is in vs. If it be in vs then is it ours as our souls are ours though we haue them from God and can hold them no longer then pleaseth him for if he withdraw the breath of our nostrils we fall to dust but the righteousnesse wherein we must be found if we wil be iustified is not our owne therefore we cannot be iustified by any inherent quality Christ hath me rited righteousnesse for as many as are found in him In him God findeth vs if we be faithfull for by faith we are incorporated into Christ. Then although in our selues we be altogither sinnefull and vnrighteous yet even the man which is impious in him selfe full of iniquitie full of sin him being found in Christ through faith and having his sin remitted through repentance him God vpholdeth with a gracious eie putteth away his sinne by not imputing taketh quite away the punishment due therevnto by pardoning it and accepteth him in Iesus Christ as perfectly righteous as if he had fulfilled all that was commanded him in the lawe shall I say more perfectly righteous then if him selfe had fulfilled the whole law I must take heed what I say but the Apostle saith* God made him to bee sinne for vs who knew no sinne that we might be made the righteousnes of God in him Such wee are in the sight of God the father as is the very sonne of God him selfe Let it bee counted folly or frensie or furie whatsoever it is our comfort and our wisdome we care for no knowledge in the world but this that man hath sinned and God hath suffered that God hath made himselfe the sonne of man and that men are made the righteousnesse of God You see therefore that the Church of Rome in teaching iustification by inherent grace doth pervert the truth of Christ and that by the handes of the Apostles wee haue received otherwise then shee teacheth Now concerning the righteousnesse of sanctification we deny it not to be inherent wee graunt that vnlesse we worke we haue it not only we distinguish it a thing different in nature from the righteousnesse of iustification we are righteous the one way by the faith of Abraham the other way except wee doe the workes of Abraham we are not righteous Of the one S. Paule To him that worketh not but beleeueth faith is counted for righteousnesse Of the other S. Iohn Quifacit iustitiam iustus est He is righteous which worketh righteousnes Of the one S. Paul doth proue by Abrahams example that we haue it of
faith without workes Of the other S. Iames by Abrahams example that by workes wee haue it and not only by faith S. Paul doth plainely sever these two parts of Christian righteousnes one frō the other For in the 6. to the Rom. thus hee writeth Being freed from sinne and made servants to God yee haue your fruite in holinesse and the end everlasting life Yee are made free from sinne and made servants vnto God this is the righteousnesse of iustification yee haue your fruite in holinesse this is the righteousnesse of sanctification By the one we are intressed in the right of inheriting by the other we are brought to the actuall possession of eternall blisse and so the end of both is everlasting life 7 The Prophet Abak doth here tearme the Iewes righteous men not only because being iustified by faith they were free from sinne but also because they hadde their measure of fruits in holines According to whose example of charitable iudgement which leaueth it to God to discerne what we are and speaketh of them according to that which they doe professe themselues to be although they be not holy men whom men doe thinke but whom God doth know indeed to bee such yet let every Christian man knowe that in Christian equitie he standeth bound for to thinke and speake of his brethren as of men that haue measure in the fruite of holinesse and a right vnto the titles wherewith God in token of speciall favour and mercy vouchsafeth to honour his chosen servants So we see the Apostles of our Saviour Christ do evse every where the name of Saints so the Prophet the name of righteous But let vs all be such as we desire to be tearmed Reatus impij est pium nomen saith Salvianus Godly names doe not iustifie godlesse men Wee are but vpbraided when we are honored with names titles wherevnto our liues manners are not sutable If indeed we haue our fruit in holinesse notwithstanding wee must note that the more we abound therein the more neede wee haue to craue that we may be strengthned and supported Our very vertues may be snares vnto vs. The enimie that waiteth for all occasions to worke our ruine hath foūd it harder to overthrow an humble sinner then a proud Saint There is no mans case so dangerous as his whom Sathan hath perswaded that his owne righteousnesse shall present him pure and blamelesse in the sight of God If we could say we were not guilty of any thing at all in our consciences we know our selues far from this innocencie we cannot say we knowe nothing by our selues but if we could should we therefore pleade not guiltie before the prefence of our iudge that sees further into our hearts then we ourselues can doe If our handes did never offer violence to our brethren a bloody thought doth proue vs murderers before him if we had never opened our mouth to vtter any scandalous offensiue or hurtfull word the cry of our secret cogitations is heard in the eares of God If we doe not commit the sinnes which dayly and hourely either in deed word or thoughts wee doe commit yet in the good things which we do how many defects are there intermingled God in that which is done respecteth the mind intention of the doer Cut of then all these things wherein wee haue regarded our owne glory those things which men doe to please men and to satisfie our owne liking those things which we doe by any respect not sincerely purely for the loue of God and a smal score wil serue for the number of our righteous deeds Let the holiest and best thing we doe bee considered we are never better affected vnto God then when we pray yet when we pray how are our affections many times distracted How little reverence do we shew vnto the grand maiestie of God vnto whom wee speake How little remorse of our owne miseries How little taste of the sweet influence of his tender mercies doe we feele Are we not as vnwilling many times to begin and as glad to make an end as if in saying call vpon me he had set vs a very burdensome taske It may seeme somewhat extreame which I will speake therefore let every one iudge of it even as his owne heart shall tell him and no otherwise I will but onely make a demaund If God should yeeld vnto vs not as vnto Abraham if fiftie fortie thirtie twentie yea or if ten good persons coulde bee found in a citty for their sakes that citty should not be destroyed but an if hee should make vs an offer thus large Search all the generations of men sithence the fall of our father Adam finde one man that hath done one action which hath past from him pure without any staine or blemish at al and for that one mans one only action nether man nor Angell shall feele the torments which are prepared for both doe you thinke that this ransome to deliver men and Angels could be found to be among the sonnes of men The best things which we doe haue somewhat in them to be pardoned How then can wee doe any thing meritorious or worthy to be rewarded Indeed God doth liberally promise whatsoever appertained to a blessed life to as many as sincerely keepe his lawe though he be not exactly able to keepe it Wherefore we acknowledge a dutifull necessity of doing well but the meritorious dignity of doing well wee vtterly renounce We see how far we are from the perfect righteousnesse of the law the little fruite which wee haue in holinesse it is God knoweth corrupt and vnsound we put no confidence at all in it we challenge nothing in the world for it we dare not call God to reckning as if we had him in our debt bookes our continuall suite to him is and must be to beare with our infirmities and pardon our offences 8 But the people of whom the prophet speaketh were they all or were the most part of thē such as had care to walke vprightly Did they thirst after righteousnesse Did they wish did they long with the righteous Prophet O that our waies were made so direct that wee might keepe thy statutes Did they lament with the righteous Apostle O miserable men the good which we wish and purpose and striue to do we cannot No the words of the other Prophet concerning this people do shew the contrary How grievously doth Esay mourne over thē O sinfull nation laden with iniquity wicked seed corrupt children All which notwithstanding so wide are the bowels of his compassion inlarged that hee denyeth vs not no not when we were laden with iniquity leaue to commune familiarly with him liberty to craue and intreate that what plagues soever we haue deserved wee may not be in worse case then vnbeleevers that wee may not be hemmed in by Pagans and infidels Ierusalem is a sinfull polluted Cittie but Ierusalem compared with Babilon is righteous And shall the righteous
are not of the heresie of the Church of Rome The people following the conduct of their guides and observing as they did exactly that which was prescribed thought they did God good service when indeed they did dishonor him This was their error but the heresie of the church of Rome their dogmatical positions opposite vnto Christian truth what one man amongst ten thousand did ever vnderstand Of them which vnderstand Romane heresies and allow them all are not alike partakers in the action of allowing Some allow them as the first founders and establishers of them which crime toucheth none but their Popes and Councels the people are cleare free from this Of them which maintain popish heresies not as authors but receivers of them from others all mainetaine them not as masters In this are not the people partakers neither but only the predicauts and schoolemen Of them which haue beene partakers in this sinne of teaching Popish heresie there is also a difference for they haue not all beene teachers of all Popish heresies Put a difference saith S. Iude haue compassion vpon some Shall wee lay vp all in one condition Shall we cast them all headlong Shall we plunge them all into that infernall and everlasting flaming lake Them that haue beene partakers of the errors of Babylon together with them which are in the heresie Them which haue beene the authors of heresie with them that by terror and violence haue beene forced to receiue it Them who haue taught it with them whose simplicitie hath by sleights and conveiances of false teachers beene seduced to belieue it Them which haue beene partakers in one with them which haue bin partakers in many Them which in many with them which in all 13 Notwithstanding I graunt that although the condemnation of them bee more tollerable then of these yet from the man that laboureth at the plough to him that sitteth in the Vatican to all partakers in the sinnes of Babylon to our Fathers though they did but erroneously practise that which the guides heretically taught to all without exception plagues were due The pit is ordinarily the end aswel of the guid as of the guided in blindnesse But wo worth the houre wherein we were borne except wee might promise our selues better things things which accompany mans solvatiō even where we knowe that worse and such as accompany condemnation are due Then must we shew some way how possibly they might escape What way is there that sinners can finde to escape the iudgement of God but onely by appealing to the seate of his saving mercy Which mercy with Origen wee doe not extende to divells and damned spirites God hath mercy vpon thousandes but there bee thousands also which he hardeneth Christ hath therefore sette the bounds he hath fixed the limittes of his saving mercy within the compasse of these tearmes God sent not his owne sonne to condēne the world but that the world through him might be saved In the third of S. Iohns Gospel mercy is restrained to beleevers He that beleeveth shall not be condemned he that beleeueth not is condemned already because he heleeued not in the Sonne of God In the 2. of the Revelation mercy is restrained to the penitent For of Iesabell and her sectaries thus he speaketh I gaue her space to repent and she repented not Behold I wil cast her into a bed and them that commit fornication with her into a great affliction except they repent them of their workes I will kill her children with death Our hope therefore of the Fathers is if they were not altogether faithlesse impenitent 14 They are not all faithlesse that are weake in assenting to the truth or stiffe in maintaining things any way opposit to the truth of Christian doctrine But as many as hold the foundatiō which is pretious though they hold it but weakely and as it were with a slender thread although they frame many base and vnsutable things vpon it things that cannot abide the tryall of the fire yet shall they passe the fierie triall and be saved which indeed haue builded themselues vpon the rocke which is the foundation of the Church If then our Fathers did not hold the foundation of faith there is no doubt but they were faithlesse If many of them held it then is therein no impediment but many of thē might be saved Then let vs see what the foundation of faith is and whether we may thinke that thousands of our fathers being in Popish superstitions did notwithstanding hold the foundation 15 If the foundation of faith doe import the generall ground wherevpon we rest when wee doe belieue the writings of the Evangelists and the Apostles are the foundation of the Christian faith Credimus quia legimus saith S. Ierom o that the Church of Rome did as soundly interpret these fundamentall writings wherevpon we build our faith as shee doth willingly hold and imbrace them 16 But if the name of foundation do note the principall thing which is believed then is that the foundation of our faith which S. Paul hath to Timothy God minifested in the flesh iustified in the spirit c. that of Nathaniel Thou art the sonne of the living God thou art the king of Israel that of the inhabitants of Samaria This is Christ the Saviour of the world he that directly denieth this doth vtterly rase the very foundation of our faith I haue proved heretofore that although the Church of Rome hath played the harlot worse then ever did Israel yet are they not as now the Synagogue of the Iewes which plainely deny Christ Iesus quite and cleane excluded from the new covenant But as Samaria compared with Hierusalem is tearmed Aholath a Church or Tabernacle of her owne contrariwise Ierusalem Aholibath the resting place of the Lord so whatsoever we tearme the Church of Rome when we compare her with reformed Churches still we put a difference as then betweene Babylon and Samaria so now betweene Rome and the heathenish assemblies which opinion I must and will recall I must graunt will that the Church of Rome together with all her children is cleane excluded There is no difference in the world betweene our fathers Saracens Turks Paynims if they did directly deny Christ crucified for the salvation of the world 17 But how many millions of them were known so to haue ended their mortall liues that the drawing of their breath hath ceased with the vttering of this faith Christ my Saviour my redeemer Iesus Answere is made that this they might vnfainedly confesse and yet be farre enough from salvation For behold saith the Apostle I Paul say vnto you that if you bee circumcised Christ shall profit you nothing Christ in the worke of mans salvation is alone the Galathians were cast away by ioining Circumcision and the other rites of the law with Christ the Church of Rome doth teach her children to ioine other things likewise with him
therefore their faith their beliefe doth not profitte them anye thing at all It is true that they doe indeed ioine other things with Christ but how Not in the worke of redemption it selfe which they graunt that Christ alone hath perfourmed sufficiently for the salvation of the whole world but in the application of this inestimable treasure that it may bee effectual to their salvation how demurely so ever they confesse that they seeke remission of sinnes no other wise then by the blood of Christ vsing humbly the meanes appointed by him to apply the benefite of holy blood they teach indeed so many things pernicious in Christian faith in setting downe the meanes whereof they speake that the very foundation of faith which they hold is thereby plainely overthrowne and the force of the blood of Iesus Christ extinguished Wee may therefore dispute with them vrge them even with as dangerous sequels as the Apostle doth the Galatians But I demand if some of those Galatians hartily imbracing the gospell of Christ sincere and sound in faith this one only errour excepted had ended their liues before they were ever taught how perilous an opinion they held shall we thinke that the damage of this error did so overway the benefit of their faith that the mercy of God might not saue them I graunt they overthrew the very foundatiō of faith by cōsequent doth not that so likewise which the Lutheran Churches doe at this day so stifly and so firmely mainetaine For mine own part I dare not here deny the possibility of their salvation which haue beene the chiefest instruments of ours albeit they caryed to their graue a perswasion so greatly repugnant to the truth Forasmuch therefore as it may be said of the Church of Rome shee hath yet a little strength shee doth not directly denie the foundatiō of Christianity I may I trust without offence perswade my selfe that thousands of our fathers in former times living and dying within her wals haue founde mercy at the hands of God 18 What although they repented not of their errours God forbid that I should open my mouth to gainsay that which Christ himselfe hath spoken Except yee repent yee shall all perish And if they did not repent they perished But withall note that wee haue the benefit of a double repentance the least sinne which wee commit in deed thought or word is death without repentance Yet how manie things do escape vs in everie of these which we do not know how many which we do not obserue to be sins And without the knowledge without the observation of sin there is no actuall repētance It cannot then be chosen but that for as many as hold the foundation and haue all holden sins errors in hatred the blessing of repentance for vnknowne sins and errors is obtained at the hands of God through the gracious mediation of Iesus Christ for such suiters as cry with the Prophet David Purge me O Lord from my secret sinnes 19 But we wash a wall of lome we labor in vaine all this is nothing it doth not proue it cannot iustifie that which we go about to mainetaine Infidels and heathen men are not so godlesse but that they may no doubt cry God mercie and desire in generall to haue their sinnes forgiven them To such as deny the foundation of faith there can be no salvation according to the ordinary course which God doth vse in saving mē without a particular repentance of that error The Galatians thinking that vnlesse they were circūcised they could not be saved overthrew the foundations of faith directly therefore if any of them did die so perswaded whether before or after they told of their errour their end is dreadfull there is no way with them but one death and condemnation For the Apostle speaketh nothing of men departed but saith generally of all If you be circumcised Christ shall profit you nothing You are abolished from Christ whosoever are iustified by the law ye are fallen from grace Gal. 5. Of them in the Church of Rome the reason is the same For whom Antichrist hath seduced concerning them did not S. Paul speake long before that they received not the word of truth they might not bee saved therefore God would send them strong delusions to belieue lyes that all they might be damned which beleeved not the truth but had pleasure in vnrighteousnes And S. Iohn All that dwell vpon the earth shall worship him whose names are not written in the booke of life Apoc. 13. Indeed many in former times as their bookes and writings do yet shew held the foundation to weet salvation by Christ alone therefore might be saved God hath alwaies had a church amongst them which firmly kept his saving truth As for such as hold with the church of Rome that we cannot bee saved by Christ alone without workes they doe not onely by a circle of consequence but directly deny the foundation of faith they hold it not no not so much as by a threed 20 This to my remembraunce being all that hath beene opposed with any countenance or shew of reason I hope if this be answered the cause in question is at an end Concerning generall repentance therefore what a murtherer a blasphemer an vncleane person a Turke a Jew any sinner to escape the wrath of God by a generall repentance God forgiue me Truely it never came within mine hart that a generall repentance doth serue for all sinnes it serveth only for the common oversights of our sinfull life and for the faults which either we do not marke or doe not know that they are faults Our fathers were actually penitent for sins wherein they knew they displeased God or else they fal not within the compasse of my first speech Againe that otherwise they could not be saved then holding the foundation of Christian faith we haue not only affirmed but proved Why is it not then confessed that thousands of our fathers which liued in Popish superstitions might yet by the mercy of God be saved First if they had directly denied the very foūdations of christianity without repenting them particularlie of that sin he which saith there could be no salvation for them according to the ordinary course which God doth vse in saving men granteth plainly or at the least closely insinuateth that an extraordinary priviledge of mercie might deliver their soules from hell which is more thē I required Secondly if the foundation be denied it is denied for feare of some heresie which the church of Rome maintaineth But how many were there amōgst our fathers who being seduced by the common errour of that Church never knew the meaning of her heresies So that although all popish heretiques did perish thousands of them which lived in popish superstitions might bee saved Thirdly seeing all that held popish heresies did not hold all the heresies of the Pope why might not thousands which were infected with other leven liue and die
away the vse of reason doth notwithstanding proue them reasonable creatures which haue it because none can be franticke but they so Antichristianitie being the baine and plaine overthrow of Christianitie may neverthelesse argue the Church wherein Antichrist sitteth to be Christian. Nether haue I ever hitherto heard or read any one worde alleadged of force to warrant that God doth otherwise then so as in the two next questions before hath beene declared bind himselfe to keepe his elect from worshipping the Beast and from receiving his marke in their foreheads but he hath preserved and will preserue them from receiuing any deadly wound at the hands of the man of sinne whose deceit hath prevailed over none vnto death but only vnto such as never loved the truth such as took a pleasure in vnrighteousnesse they in all ages whose hearts haue delighted in the principall truth and whose soules haue thirsted after righteousnesse if they received the marke of error the mercy of God even erring and dangerously erring might saue them if they received the mark of heresie the same mercy did I doubt not convert them HOW far Romish heresies may prevaile over Gods elect how many God hath kept falling into them how many haue bin converted from them is not the question now in haÌ„d for if heaven had not received any one of that coate for these thousand yeares it may still be true that the doctrine which this day they do professe doth not directly denie the foundation and so proue them simplie to be no Christian Church One I haue alleaged whose words in my eares sound that waie shall I adde another whose speech is plaine I deny her not the name of a Church saith another no more then to a man the name of a man as long as he liveth what sicknesse soever he hath His reason is this Salvation in Iesus Christ which is the marke which ioineth the head with the bodie Iesus Christ with the Church is so cut off by many merits by the merits of Saints by the Popes pardons and such other wickednesse that the life of the Church holdeth by a very thread yet still the life of the Church holdeth A third hath these words I acknowledge the Church of Rome eveÌ„ at this present day for a Church of Christ such a Church as Israel did Ieroboam yet a Church His reasoÌ„ is this Every maÌ„ seeth except he willingly hoodwinke himselfe that as alwaies so now the Church of Rome holdeth firmely and stedfastly the doctrine of truth concerning Christ and baptizeth in the name of the father the sonne and the Holy Ghost confesseth and avowcheth Christ for the only redeemer of the world the iudge that shall sit vpon quicke and dead recieving true beleevers into endlesse ioy faithlesse and godlesse men being cast with Satan and his angels into flames inquenchable 28 I may will reine the questioÌ„ shorter theÌ„ they do Let the Pope take downe his top and captivate no more mens soules by his Papall iurisdiction let him no longer count himselfe Lord Paramount over the Princes of the world no longer hold kings as his servants paravaile let his stately Senate submit their necks to the yoke of Christ cease to dye their garment like Edom in blood let them from the highest to the lowest hate and forsake their idolatry abiure all their errors and heresies wherewith they haue any waie perverted the truth let them strippe their Churches till they leaue no polluted ragge but only this one about hir By Christ alone without workes we cannot be saved it is enough for me if I shew that the holding of this one thing doeth not proue the foundatioÌ„ of faith directly denied in the Church of Rome 29 Workes are an addition be it so what then the foundation is not subverted by everie kind of addition simplie to adde vnto those fundamentall words is not to mingle wine with water heaven with earth things polluted with the sanctified blood of Christ of which crime indict them which attribute those operations in whole or in part to any creature which in the wâ—â— of our salvation wholy are peculiar vnto Christ and 〈◊〉 open my mouth to speake in their defence if I holde my peace and pleade not against them as long as breath is within my body let me be guiltie of al the dishonor that ever hath been done to the Sonne of God But a dreadful thing it is to denie salvation by Christ alone the more slow and fearefull I am except it be too manifest to lay a thing so grievous to anie maÌ„s charge Let vs beware least if we make too manie waies of denying Christ wee scarse leaue any way for our selues truely and soundly to confesse him Salvation onely by Christ is the true foundation wherevpon indeed Christianitie standeth But what if I say you cannot be saved only by Christ without this addition Christ beleeved in hart confessed with mouth obeied in life and conversation Because I adde doe I therefore deny that which I did directlie affirme There may be an additament of explication which overthroweth not but proveth concludeth the proposition wherevnto it is annexed He which saith Peter was a chiefe Apostle doth proue that Peter was an Apostle hee which saith Our salvation is of the Lord through sanctification of the spirit and faith of the truth proveth that our salvation is of the Lord. But if that which is added be such a privation as taketh away the verie essence of that wherevnto it is added then by the sequell it overthroweth He which saith Iudas is a dead man though in word he granteth Iudas to be a man yet in effect he proveth him by that very speech no man because death depriveth him of being In like sort he that should saie our election is of grace for our workes sake should grant in souÌ„d of words but indeed by consequent deny that our election is of grace for the grace which electeth vs is no grace if it elect vs for our sake 30 Now whereas the Church of Rome addeth works we must note farther that the adding of works is not like the adding of circumcision vnto Christ. Christ came not to abrogat put away good workes he did to change circumcision for we see that in place thereof he hath substituted holy baptisme To say yee cannot be saved by Christ except yee be circumcised is to adde a thing excluded a thing not only not necessarie to be kept but necessarie not to be kept by theÌ„ that will be saved On th' other side to saie yee cannot be saved by Christ without workes is to adde things not only not excluded but commaÌ„ded as being in their place and in their kind necessarie and therefore subordinated vnto Christ by Christ himselfe by whom the webbe of salvation is spun a except your righteousnesse exceed the righteousnesse of the Scribes and Pharises yee shall not enter into the kingdome of heaven They
Satan as the blessed divine speaketh For although this be proofe sufficient that they doe not directly deny the foundation of faith yet if there were no other leaven in the whole lumpe of their doctrine but this this were sufficient to proue that their doctrine is not agreeable vnto the foundati-of Christiā faith The Pelagians being over great friends vnto nature made themselues enimies vnto grace for all their confessing that men haue their soules and all the faculties thereof their wils and all the abilitie of their wils from God And is not the Church of Rome still an adversarie vnto Christs merits because of her acknowledging that we haue received the power of meriting by the blood of Christ St Thomas More setteth downe the oddes betweene vs and he Church of Rome in the matter of works thus Like as wee graunt them that no good worke of man is rewardable in heaven of his owne nature but through the meere goodnesse of God that list to set so high a price vpon so poore a thing and that this price God setteth through Christs passion and for that also they bee his owne workes with vs for good workes to God-ward worketh no man without God worke in him and as we grant thē also that no man may be proud of his works for his imperfect working and for that in all that man may doe he can doe God no good but is a servant improfitable doth but his bare dutie as we I say graunt vnto them these things so this one thing or twaine do they grant vs againe that men are bound to worke good workes if they haue time and power and that who so worketh in true faith mōst shall be most rewarded but then set they thereto that all his rewards shall be given him for his faith alone nothing for his workes at all because his faith is the thing they say that forceth him to work well I see by this of St Thomas More how easie it is for men of the greatest capacitie to mistake things written or spoken as well on the one side as on the other Their doctrine as hee thought maketh the worke of man rewardable in the world to come through the goodnesse of God whom it pleaseth to set so high a price vpon so poore a thing and ours that a man doth receiue that eternall and high reward not for his workes but for his faiths sake by which he worketh whereas in truth our doctrine is no other then that we haue learned at the feet of Christ namely that God doth iustifie the beleeving man yet not for the worthinesse of his beleife but for the worthines of him which is beleeved God rewardeth abundantly every one which worketh yet not for any meritorious dignity which is or can be in the worke but through his meere mercy by whose commandement hee worketh Contrariwise their doctrine is that as pure water of it selfe hath no savour but if it passe throug a sweet pipe it taketh a pleasant smell of the pipe through which it passeth so although before grace received our works do neither satisfie nor merit yet after they do both the one and the other Every vertuous action hath then power in such to satisfie that if we our selues commit no mortall sinne no hainous crime wherevpon to spend this treasure of satisfaction in our owne behalfe it turneth to the benefit of other mens release on whō it shall please the steward of the house of God to bestow it so that we may satisfie for ourselues others but merit only for our selues In meriting our actions doe worke with two hands with one they get their morning stipend the increase of grace with the other their evening hire the everlasting crowne of glorie Indeed they teach that our good workes doe not these things as they come from vs but as they come from grace in vs which grace in vs is another thing in their divinitie then is the meere goodnesse of Gods mercy towards vs in Christ Iesus 34 I fit were not a strong deluding spirit which hath possession of their harts were it possible but that they should see how plainely they do herein gaine-saie the very ground of Apostolique faith Is this that salvation by grace whereof so plentifull mention is made in the scriptures of God Was this their meaning which first taught the worlde to looke for salvation onely by Christ By grace the Apostle saith and by grace in such sort as a gift a thing that commeth not of our selues not of our workes lest anie man should boast say I haue wrought out my own salvatiō By grace they cōfesse but by grace in such sort that as many as weare the diademe of blisse they wear nothing but what they haue wonne The Apostle as if he had foreseene how the church of Rome would abuse the world in time by ambiguous termes to declare in what sense the name of grace must be taken when we make it the cause of our salvation saith He saved vs according to his mercie which mercie although it exclude not the washing of our new birth the renuing of our harts by the holy Ghost the meanes the vertues the duties which God requireth of their hands which shall be saved yet is it so repugnant vnto merits that to say wee are saved for the worthines of anie thing which is ours is to denie wee are saved by grace Grace bestoweth freely and therefore iustlie requireth the glorie of that which is bestowed We denie the grace of our Lord Iesus Christ we abuse disanull and annihilate the benefit of his bitter passion if we rest in these proud imaginations that life is deservedly ours that we merit it and that we are worthy of it 35 How be it considering how many vertuous iust men how many Saints how many Martyres how manie of the ancient fathers of the church haue had their sundry perilous opinions and amongst sundrie of their opinions this that they hoped to make good some part of amends for their sins by the voluntarie punishments which they laid vpon themselues because by a consequent it may follow herevpon that they were iniurious vnto Christ shall we therefore make such dead lie epitaphes and set them vpon their graues They denied the foundation of faith directly they are damned there is no salvation for them S. Austin saith of himselfe Errare possum haereticus essemolo And except we put a difference betweene them that erre and them that obstinatlie perfist in error how is it possible that ever any man should hope to be saved Surely in this case I haue no respect of any person aliue or dead Giue me a man of what state or condition soever yea a Cardinall or a Pope whom in the extreame point of his life affliction hath made to know himselfe whose hart God hath touched with true sorrow for all his sinnes and filled with loue towards the Gospell of Christ whose eies are opened to