accounted the Tidings of Salvation by the slain Son of God an Old An iquated Story and unfit to be daily preached And what comes in the room thereof is not unknown nor is it worth the mentioning For all things that come in Christ's room and justle him out either of Hearts or Pulpits are alike abominable to a Christian How many Sermons may a man hear and read when printed yea and Books written about the way to Heaven wherein is hardly the Name of Jesus Christ And if he be named it is the Name of Christ as a Judg and Lawgiver rather than that of a Saviour And as little room hath Christ in many mens Prayers except it be in the conclusion When we cannot avoid the observing of those sad things let it be a sharp Spur to us to Preach Christ more to Pray more in his Name and to Live more to his Praise Let us not be deceived with that pretence That Christ may be Preached when he is not Named The Preaching of the Gospel is the Naming of Christ and so call'd Rom. 15.20 And Paul was to bear Christ's Name before the Gentiles and Kings and the Chrildren of Israel Acts 9.15 3. Let us Study hard and Pray much to know the truth and to cleave unto it It is an Old Observation Ante Pelagium securiùs loquebantur Patres Before Pelagius even the Fathers spoke more carelesly meaning well and fearing no Mistakes in their Hearers Now it is not so the more careful should we be in our Doctrine Let us search our own Consciences and see how we our selves are justified before God So Paul argued Gal. 2.15 16. And let us bring forth that Doctrine to our People that we find in our Bibles and have felt the power of upon our own hearts Let us not run into Extreams upon the Right or Left Hand through the heat of Contention but carefully keep the good Old way of the Protestant Doctrine wherein so many thousands of Saints and Martyrs of Jesus have lived holily and died happily who never heard of our New Schemes and Notions And for this end let us take and cleave to the Test of the Assemblies Confession of Faith and Catechisms More we own not our selves more we crave not of our Brethren and because we deal fairly and openly I shall set it down Verbatim Conf. Chap. 11. Of Justification Art 1. Those whom God effectually calleth he also freely Justifieth not by infusing Righteousness into them but by Pardoning their Sins and by accounting and accepting their Persons as Righteous not for any thing wrought in them or done by them but for Christ's sake alone not by imputing Faith it self the Act of Believing or any other Evangelical Obedience as their Righteousness but by imputing the Obedience and Satisfaction of Christ unto them they receiving and resting on him and his Righteousness by Faith which Faith they have not of themselves it is the Gift of God Art 2. Faith thus receiving and resting on Christ and his Righteousness is the alone Instrument of Justification yet is it not alone in the Person Justified but is ever Accompanied with all other saving Graces and is no dead Faith but worketh by Love Art 3. Christ by his Obedience and Death did fully discharge the Debt of all those that are thus Justified and did make a proper real and full satisfaction to his Fathers Justice in their behalf yet in as much as he was given by the Father for them and his Obedience and Satisfaction accepted in their Stead and both freely not for any thing in them Their Justification is only of Free Grace that both the exact Justice and rich Grace of God might be glorified in the Justification of Sinners Art 4. God did from all Eternity Decree to Justifie all the Elect and Christ did in the fulness of time Die for their Sins and Rise again for their Justification Nevertheless they are not Justified until the Holy Spirit doth in due time actually apply Christ unto them Art 5. God doth continue to forgive the sins of those that are Justified And although they can never fall from the state of Justification yet they may by their sins fall under God's Fatherly displeasure and not have the light of his Countenance restor'd unto them until they humble themselves confess their sins beg pardon and renew their Faith and Repentance Art 6. The Justification of Believers under the Old Testament was in all these Respects one and the same with the Justification of Believers under the New Testament This is the whole Chapter exactly Larger Catechism Q. How doth Faith Justifie a sinner in the sight of God Ans Faith Justifieth a sinner in the sight of God not because of those other graces which do always accompany it or of good Works that are the Fruits of it nor as if the grace of Faith or any Act thereof were imputed to him for his Justification but only as it is an Instrument by which he receiveth and applieth Christ and his Righteousness Let these weighty words be but heartily assented to in their plain and Native Sense and we are one in this great point of Justification But can any considering Man think that the new Scheme of a real Change Repentance and Sincere Obedience as necessary to be found in a person that may Lawfully come to Christ for Justification of Faith's Justifying as it is the spring of sincere Obedience of a Man's being Justified by and upon his coming up to the Terms of the new Law of Grace a new word but of an old and ill meaning can any man think that this Scheme and the sound words of the Reverend Assembly do agree Surely if such a Scheme had been offered to that Grave Learned and Orthodox Synod it would have had a more severe Censure past upon it than I am willing to name Do not we find in our particular Dealings with Souls the same Principles I am now Opposing When we deal with the Carnal Secure Careless Sinners and they are a vast Multitude and ask them a Reason of that hope of Heaven they pretend to Is not this their common Answer I live inoffensively I keep God's Law as well as I can and wherein I fail I repent and beg God's Mercy for Christ's sake My Heart is sincere though my Knowledg and Attainments be short of others If we go on to inquire further what acquaintance they have with Jesus Christ what Applications their Souls have made to him what workings of Faith on him what use they have made of his Righteousness for Justification and his Spirit for Sanctification What they know of living by Faith in Jesus Christ We are Barbarians to them and in this sad state many Thousands in England live and die and Perish Eternally Yet so thick is the darkness of the Age that many of them live here and go hence with the Reputation of good Christans and some of them may have their Funeral Sermon and Praises Preached
A VINDICATION OF THE Protestant Doctrine Concerning JUSTIFICATION And of its Preachers and Professors From the unjust charge of ANTINOMIANISM In a LETTER from a Minister in the City to a Minister in the Countrey LONDON Printed for Dorman Newman at the King's-Arms in the Poultrey in the Year 1692. A LETTER FROM A Minister in the City to a Minister in the Countrey about the present Difference concerning JVSTIFICATION YOUR Earnest Desire of Information about some Difference amongst Nonconformists in London whereof you hear so much by flying Reports and profess you know so little of the Truth thereof is the Cause of this Writing You know that not many Months ago there was a fair-like appearance of Vnity betwixt the two most considerable Parties on that Side and their Differences having been rather in practice than principle about Church-Order and Communion seemed easily reconciliable where a Spirit of Love and of a sound Mind was at work But how short was the Calm For quickly arose a greater Storm from another Quarter and a Quarrel began upon higher Points even on no less than the Doctrine of the Grace of God in Jesus Christ and the Justification of a Sinner by Faith alone Some think that the Reprinting of Dr. Crisp's Book gave the first Rise to it But we must look further back for its true Spring It is well known but little considered what a great Progress Arminianism had made in this Nation before the beginning of the Civil War And surely it hath lost little since it ended What can be the Reason why the very Parliaments in the Reign of James I. and Charles I. were so alarmed with Arminiamsm as may be read in History and is remembred by Old Men and that now for a long time there hath been no talk no fear of it as if Arminianism were dead and buried and no man knows where its Grave is Is not the true Reason to be found in its Universal prevailing in the Nation But that which concerneth our Case is That the Middle way betwixt the Arminians and the Orthodox had been espoused and strenuously defended and promoted by some Nonconformists of great Note for Piety and Parts and usually such Men that are for middle ways in points of Doctrine have a greater kindness for that Extream they go half way to than for that which they go half way from And the Notions thereof were imbibed by a great many Students who laboured through the Iniquity of the Times under the great Disadvantage of the want of grave and sound Divines to direct and assist their Studies at Universities and therefore contented themselves with studying such English Authors as had gone in a path untrod both by our Predecessors and by the Protestant Vniversities abroad These Notions have been preach'd and wrote against by several Divines amongst our selves and the different Opinions have been till of late managed with some Moderation to which our being all born down by Persecution did somewhat contribute It is a sad but true Observation That no Contentions are more easily kindled more fiercely pursued and more hardly composed than those of Divines sometimes from their Zeal for Truth and sometimes from worse Principles that may act in them as well as in other Men. The Subject of the Controversie is about the Justifying Grace of God in Jesus Christ Owned it is by both and both fear it be abused either by turning it into Wantonness hence the Noise of Antinomianism or by corrupting it with the mixture of Works hence the Fears on the other side of Arminianism Both Parties disown the Name cast upon them The one will not be called Arminians and the other hate both Name and Thing of Antinomianism truly so called Both sometimes say the same Thing and profess their Assent to the Doctrinal Articles of the Church of England to the Confession of Faith and Catechisms composed at Westminster and to the Harmony of the Confessions of all the Reformed Churches in these Doctrines of Grace And if both be Candid in this Profession it is very strange that there should be any Controversie amongst them Let us therefore first take a View of the Parties and then of their Principles As to the Party suspected of Antinomianism and Libertinism in this City it is plain That the Churches wherein they are concerned are more strict and exact in trying of them that offer themselves unto their Communion as to their Faith and Holiness before their admitting them in the Engagements laid on them to a Gospel-walking at their Admission and in their Inspection over them afterwards As to their Conversations they are generally of the more Regular and Exact Frame and the Fruits of Holiness in their Lives to the Praise of God and Honour of the Gospel cannot with modesty be denied Is it not unaccountable to charge a People with Licentiousness when the Chargers cannot deny and some cannot well bear the Strictness of their Walk It is commonly said That it is only their Principles and the tendency of them to loose Walking that they blame But waying that at present it seems not fair to charge a People with Licentious Doctrines when the Professors thereof are approved of for their Godliness and when they do sincerely profess that their Godliness begun with and is promoted by the Faith of their Principles Let it not be mistaken if I here make a Comparison betwixt Papists and Protestants The latter did always profess the Doctrine of Justification by Faith alone This was Blasphemy in the Papists Ears They still did and do cry out against it as a Licentious Doctrine and destructive of Good Works Many sufficient Answers have been given in to this unjust Charge But to my purpose the Wonder was that the Papists were not convinced by the splendid Holiness of the Old Believers and by the Visible Truth of their holy Practice and their professing that as long as they lived in the Blindness and Darkness of Popery they were profane and that as soon as God revealed the Gospel to them and had wrought in them the Faith thereof they were sanctified and led other Lives So witnessed the Noble Lord Cobham who suffered in K. Henry the 5th his Time above an 100 Years before Luther His Words at his Examination before the Archbishop of Canterbury and his Clergy were these As for that Vertuous Man Wickliff for with his Doctrine he was charged whose Judgment ye so highly disdain I shall say of my part both before God and Man that before I knew that Despised Doctrine of his I never abstained from sin but since I learned therein to fear my Lord God it hath otherwise I trust been with me So much Grace could I never find in all your glorious Instructions Fox's Book of Martyrs Vol. 1. p. 640. Col. 2. Edit 1664. And since I am on that excellent Book I intreat you to read Mr. Patrick Hamilton's little Treatise to which Frith doth Preface and Fox doth add some Explication Vol.
2. p. 181. to p. 192 where ye will find the Old plain Protestant Truth about Law and Gospel delivered without any School-Terms To this add in your reading in the same Vol. 2. p. 497. to p. 509. Heresies and Errors falsty charged on Tindal 's Writings Where ye will see the Old Faith of the Saints in its Simplicity and the Old Craft and Cunning of the Antichristian Party in sland ering the Truth I must for my part confess That these plain Declarations of Gospel-Truth have a quite other Savour with me than the Dry Insipid Accounts thereof given by Pretendders to humane Wisdom But passing these things let us look to Principles and that with respect to their Native and Regular Influence on Sanctification And I am willing that that should determine the Matter next to the Consonancy of the Principles themselves to the Word of God It can be no Doctrine of God that is not according to Godliness Some think that if Good Works and Holiness and Repentance be allowed no room in Justification that there is no room left for them in the World and in the practice of Believers So hard seems it to be to some to keep in their Eye the certain fixed bounds betwixt Justification and Sanctification There is no difference betwixt a Justified and a Sanctified Man for he is always the same person that partakes of these Priviledges But Justification and Sanctification differ greatly in many Respects as is commonly known But to come a little closer The Party here suspected of Antinomianism do confidently protest before God Angels and Men That they espouse no New Doctrine about the Grace of God and Justification and the other coincident Points but what the Reformers at home and abroad did teach and all the Protestant Churches do own And that in sum is That a Law-condemned Sinner is freely Justified by God's Grace through the Redemption that is in Jesus Christ that he is Justified only for the Righteousness of Christ imputed to him by God of his free Grace and received by faith alone as an Instrument which faith is the gift of the same Grace For guarding against Licentiousness they constantly teach out of God's Word That without Holiness no man can see God That all that believe truly on Jesus Christ as they are Justified by the sprinkling of his Blood so are they Sanctified by the effusion of his Spirit That all that boast of their Faith in Christ and yet live after their own Lusts and the course of this World have no true Faith at all but do in their profession and contradicting Practice Blaspheme the Name of God and the Doctrine of his Grace and continuing so shall perish with a double Destruction beyond that of the openly Profane that make no Profession And when they find any such in their Communion which is exceeding rarely they cast them out as Dead Branches They teach that as the daily Study of Sanctification is a necessary exercise to all that are in Christ so that the Rule of their Direction therein is the Holy spotless Law of God in Christ's Hand That the Holy Ghost is the Beginner and Advancer of this Work and Faith in Jesus Christ the great Mean thereof That no Man can be Holy till he be in Christ and united to him by Faith and that no Man is truly in Christ but he is thereby Sanctified They Preach the Law to Condemn all Flesh out of Christ and to shew thereby to people the necessity of betaking themselves to him for Salvation See the savory words of blessed Tindal called the Apostle of England in his Letter to John Frith written Jan. 1533. Book of Martyrs Vol. 2. Page 308. Expound the Law truly and open the Vail of Moses to condemn all Flesh and prove all Men sinners and all deeds under the Law before Mercy have taken away the condemnation thereof to be Sin and Damnable and then as a faithful Minister set abroach the Mercy of our Lord Jesus and let the wounded Consciences Drink of the Water of him And then shall your Preaching be with Power and not as the Hypocrites And the Spirit of God shall work with you and all Consciences shall bear record unto you and feel that it is so And all Doctrine that casteth a mist on these two to shadow and hide them I mean the Law of God and Mercy of Christ that resist you with all your power And so do we What is there in all this to be offended with is not this enough to Vindicate our Doctrine from any tendency to Licentiousness I am afraid that there are some things wherein we differ more than they think fit yet to express And I shall guess at them 1. Is about the Imputed Righteousness of Christ This Righteousness of Christ in his Active and Passive Obedience hath been asserted by Protestant Divines to be not only the Procuring and Meritorious Cause of our Justification for this the Papists own But the Matter as the Imputation of it is the Form of our Justification Though I think that our Logical Terms are not so adapted for such Divine Mysteries But whatever Propriety or Impropriety be in such School-Terms the common Protestant Doctrine hath been That a convinced Sinner seeking Justification must have nothing in his Eye but this Righteousness of Christ as God proposeth nothing else to Him And that God in justifying a Sinner accepts him in this Righteousness only when he imputes it to him Now about the Imputed Righteousness of Christ some say That it belongs only to the Person of Christ He was under the Law and bound to keep it for himself that he might be a fit Mediator without Spot or Blemish That it is a Qualification in the Mediator rather than a Benefit acquired by him to be communicated to his People For they will not allow this Personal Righteonsness of Christ to be imputed to us any otherwise than in the Merit of it as purchasing for us a more easie Law of Grace in the Observation whereof they place all our Justifying Righteousness Understanding hereby our own Personal inherent Holiness and nothing else They hold That Christ died to merit this of the Father viz. That we might be Justified upon easier Terms under the Gospel than those of the Law of Innocency Instead of Justification by perfect Obedience we are now to be justified by our own Evangelical Righteousness made up of Faith Repentance and sincere Obedience And if we hold not with them in this they tell the World we are Enemies to Evangelical Holiness slighting the practice of all Good Works and allowing our Hearers to live as they list Thus they slander the Preachers of Free Grace because we do not place Justification in our own inherent Holiness but in Christ's perfect Righteousness imputed to us upon our believing in him Which Faith we teach purifies the heart and always inclines to Holiness of Life Neither do we hold any Faith to be true and saving that
doth not shew it self by Good Works without which no man is or can be Justified either in his own Conscience or before Men. But it doth not hence follow that we cannot be justified in the sight of God by Faith only as the Apostle Paul asserts the latter and the Apostle James the former in a good Agreement 2. There appears to be some difference or mis-understanding of one another about the true Notion and Nature of Justifying Faith Divines commonly distinguish betwixt the Direct Act of Faith and the Reflex Act. The Direct Act is properly Justifying and Saving Faith by which a lost sinner comes to Christ and relies upon him for Salvation The Reflex Act is the looking back of the Soul upon a former Act of Faith A Rational Creature can reflect upon his own Acts whether they be Acts of Reason Faith or Unbelief A Direct Act of saving Faith is that by which a lost Sinner goes out of himself to Christ for help relying upon him only for Salvation A Reflex Act ariseth from the sense that Faith gives of its own inward Act upon a serious Review the truth and sincerity of which is further cleared up to the Conscience by the Genuine Fruits of an unfeigned Faith appearing to all men in our good Lives and holy Conversation But for as plain as these things be yet we find we are frequently mistaken by others and we wonder at the Mistake for we dare not ascribe to some Learned and Good Men the Principles of Ignorance or Willfulness from whence mistakes in plain Cases usually proceed When we do press Sinners to come to Christ by a Direct Act of Faith consisting in an humble Reliance upon him for Mercy and Pardon They will understand us whether we will or not of a Reflex Act of Faith by which a Man knows and believes that his sins are pardoned and that Christ is his When they might easily know that we mean no such thing Mr. Walter Marshall in his excellent Book lately Published hath largely opened this and the true Controverly of this day though it be 8 or 9 Years since he died 3. We seem to differ about the Interest and Room and Place that Faith hath in Justification That we are justified by Faith in Jesus Christ is so plainly a New Testament-Truth that no Man pretending never so bately to the Christian Name denies it The Papists own it and the Socinians and Arminians and all own it But how different are their senses of it And indeed you cannot more speedily and certainly judge of the spirit of a Man than by his real inward sense of this phrase if you could reach it a Sinner is justified by Faith in Jesus Christ Some say that Faith in Jesus Christ justifies as it is a Work by the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 credere as if it came in the room of perfect Obedience required by the Law Some that Faith justifies as it is informed and animated by Charity so the Papists who plainly Confound Justification and Sanctification Some say That Faith justifies as it is a fullfilling of the Condition of the New Covenant if thon believest thou shalt be saved Nay they will not hold there but they will have this Faith to Justifie as it hath a Principle and Fitness in it to dispose to sincere Obedience The plain Old Protestant Doctrine is That the place of Faith in Justification is only that of a Hand or Instrument receiving the Righteousness of Christ for which only we are justified So that though great Scholars do often confound themselves and others in their Disputations about Faith's justifying a Sinner every poor plain Believer hath the Marrow of this Mystery feeding his heart and he can readily tell you That to be justified by Faith is to be justified by Christ's Righteousness apprehended by Faith 4. We seem to misunderstand one another about the Two Adams and especially the latter See Rom. 5.12 to the end In that excellent Scripture a Comparison is instituted which if we did duly understand and agree in we should not readily differ in the Main things of the Gospel The Apostle there tells us That the First Adam stood in the Room of all his Natural Posterity He had their Stock in his hand While he stood they stood in him when he fell they fell with him by his Fall he derived Sin and Death to all them that spring from him by Natural Generation This is the sad side But he tells us in opposition thereto and in comparing therewith that Christ the Second Man is the New Head of the Redeemed World He stands in their Room his Obedience is theirs and he communicates to his Spiritual Off-spring the just contrary to what the first sinful Adam doth to his Natural Off-spring Righteousness instead of Guilt and Sin Life instead of Death Justification instead of Condemnation and Eternal Life instead of Hell deserved So that I think the 3 d 4 th and 5 th Chapters of the Epistle to the Romans for the Mystery of Justification and the 6 th 7 th and 8 th for the Mystery of Sanctification deserve our deep Study But what say others about Christ's being the Second Adam We find them unwilling to speak of it and when they do it is quite alien from the Scope of the Apostle in that Chapter Thus to us they seem to say That God as a Rector Ruler Governour hath resolved to save Men by Jesus Christ That the Rule of this Government is the Gospel as a new Law of Grace That Jesus Christ is set at the Head of this Rectoral Government That in that State he sits in Glory ready and able out of his Purchase and Merits to give Justification and Eternal Life to all that can bring good Evidence of their having complied with the Terms and Conditions of the Law of Grace Thus they antedate the Last Day and hold forth Christ as a Judge rather than a Saviour Luther was wont to warn people of this distinction frequently in his Comment on the Epistle to the Galatians And no other Headship to Christ do we find some willing to admit but what belongs to his Kingly Office As for his Suretiship and being the Second Adam and a publick person some treat it with Contempt I have heard that Dr. Tho. Goodwin was in his Youth an Arminian or at least inclining that way but was by the Lord's Grace brought off by Dr. Sibbs his clearing up to him this same Point of Christ's being the Head and Representative of all his People Now though we maintain stedfastly this Headship of Jesus Christ yet we say not That there is an actual partaking of his Fulness of Grace till we be in him by Faith though this Faith is also given us on Christ's behalf Phil. 1.29 and we believe through Grace Acts 18.27 And we know no Grace we can call nothing Grace we care for no Grace but what comes from this Head the Saviour of the Body But so much shall
serve to point forth the main things of difference and Mistakes Is it not a little provoking that some are so captious that no Minister can preach in the hearing of some of the Freedom of God's Grace of the Imputation of Christ's Righteousness of sole and single believing on him for Righteousness and Eternal Life of the Impossibility of a Natural Man's doing any good Work before he be in Christ of the impossibility of the mixing of Man's Righteousness and Works with Christ's Righteousness in the business of Justification and several other Points but he is immediately called or suspected to be an Antinomian If we say that Faith in Jesus Christ is neither Work nor Condition nor Qualification in Justification but is a meer Instrument receiving as an empty Hand receiveth the freely given Alms the Righteousness of Christ and that in its very Act it is a renouncing of all things but the Gift of Grace the fire is kindled So that it is come to that as Mr. Christopher Fowler said That he that will not be Antichristian must be called an Antinomian Is there a Minister in London who did not preach some twenty some thirty years ago according to their standing that same Doctrine now by some called Antinomian Let not Dr. Crisp's Book be looked upon as the Standard of our Doctrine there are many good things in it and also many expressions in it that we generally dislike It 's true that Mr. Burgess and Mr. Rutherford wrote against Antinomianism and against some that were both Antinomians and Arminians And it is no less true that they wrote against the Arminians and did hate the New Scheme of Divinity so much now contended for and to which we owe all our present contentions I am persuaded that if these godly and sound Divines were on the present Stage they would be as ready to draw their Pens against two Books lately printed against Dr. Crisp as ever they were to write against the Doctor 's Book Truth is to be defended by Truth but Error is often and unhappily opposed by Error under Truth 's Name But what shall we do in this case What shall we do for peace with our Brethren Shall we lie still under their undeserved Reproaches and for keeping the peace silently suffer others to beat us unjustly If it were our own personal concern we should bear it If it were only their charging us with ignorance weakness and being unstudied Divines as they have used liberally to call all that have not learned and dare not believe their New Divinity we might easily pass it by or put it up But when we see the pure Gospel of Christ corrupted and an Arminian Gospel new vanmpt and obtruded on people to the certain peril of the souls of such as believe it and our Ministry reflected upon which should be dearer to us than our lives can we be silent As we have a charge from the Lord to deliver to our people what we have received from Him so as he calls and enables we are not to give place by subjection not for an hour to such as creep in not only to spy out but to destroy not so much the Gospel Liberty as the Gospel Salvation we have in Christ Jesus and to bring us back under the Yoke of Legal Bondage And indeed the case in that Epistle to the Galatians and ours have a great affinity Is it desired that we should forbear to make a free offer of God's Grace in Christ to the worst of Sinners This cannot be granted by us for this is the Gospel faithful saying and worthy of all acceptation and therefore worthy of all our preaching of it that Jesus Christ came into the world to save inners and the chief of them 1 Tim. 1.15 This was the Apostolick practice according to their Lord's command Mark 16.15 16. Luke 24.47 They began at Jerusalem where the Lord of Life was wickedly slain by them and yet Life in and through his Blood was offered to and accepted and obtained by many of them Every believers experience witnesseth to this That every one that believes on Jesus Christ acts that faith as the Chief of Sinners Every man that seeth himself rightly thinks so of himself and therein thinks not amiss God only knoweth who is truly the greatest Sinner and every humbled Sinner will think that he is the Man Shall we tell men that unless they be holy they must not believe on Jesus Christ That they must not venture on Christ for Salvation till they be qualified and fit to be received and welcomed by him This were to forbear preaching the Gospel at all or to forbid all men to believe on Christ For never was any sinner qualified for Christ He is well qualified for us 1 Cor. 1.30 but a sinner out of Christ hath no qualification for Christ but sin and misery Whence should he have any better but in and from Christ Nay suppose an impossibility that a man were qualified for Christ I boldly assert that such a man would not nor could ever believe on Christ For Faith is a lost helpless condemned sinner's casting himself on Christ for Salvation and the qualified man is no such person Shall we warn people that they should not believe on Christ too soon It is impossible that they should do it too soon Can a man obey the great Gospel Command too soon 1 John 3.23 or do the Great Work of God too soon John 6.28 29. A man may too soon think that he is in Christ and that is when it is not so indeed and this we frequently teach But this is but an idle Dream and not Faith A man may too soon fancy that he hath Faith but I hope he cannot act Faith too soon If any should say a man may be holy too soon how would that saying be reflected upon And yet it is certain that though no man can be too soon holy because he cannot too soon believe on Christ which is the only Spring of true Holiness yet he may and many do set about the study of that he counts holiness too soon that is before the Tree be changed Matth. 12.33 34 35. before he have the new heart Ezek. 36 26 27. and the Spirit of God dwelling in him which is only got by Faith in Christ Gal. 3.14 And therefore all this mans studying of Holiness is not only vain labour but acting of Sin And if this study and these endeavours be managed as commonly they are to obtain Justification before God they are the more wicked Works still And because this point is needful to be known I would give you some Testimonies for it Doctrine of the Church of England in her 39 Articles Art 13. Works done before the Grace of Christ and the inspiration of his Spirit are not pleasant to God forasmuch as they spring not of Faith in Jesus Christ neither do they make men meet to receive Grace or as the School Authors say deserve Grace of Congruity Yea
rather for that they are not done as God hath willed and commanded them to be done we doubt not but they have the Nature of Sin So Confession of Faith Chap. 16. Art 7. Calvin Instit Lib. 3. Cap. 15. Sect. 6. They saith he speaking of the Popish Schoolmen have found out I know not what moral good works whereby men are made acceptable to God before they are engrafted into Christ As if the Scripture lyed when it said They are all in death who have not the Son 1 John 5.12 If they be in death how can they beget matter of life As if it were of no force whatsoever is not of Faith is Sin as if evil trees could bring forth good fruit Read the rest of that Section On the contrary the Council of Trent Sess 6. Cannon 7. say boldly Whosoever shall say That all Works done before Justification howsoever they be done are truly sin and deserve the hatred of God Let him be Anathema And to give you one more bellowing of the Beast wounded by the Light of the Gospel see the same Council Sess 6. Can. 11. Si quis dixerit Gratiam quâ justificamur esse tantùm favorem Dei Anathema sit This is fearful blasphemy saith Dr. Downham Bishop of London-derry in his Orthodox Book of Justification Lib. 3. Cap. 1. Where he saith That the Hebrew words which in the Old Testament signifie the Grace of God do always signifie favour and never grace inherent And above fifty Testimonies may be brought from the New Testament to prove that by God's Grace his favour is still meant But what was good Church of England Doctrine at and after the Reformation cannot now go down with some Arminianizing Nonconformists If then nothing will satisfie our quarrelling Brethren but either Silence as to the Main Points of the Gospel which we believe and live by the faith of and look to be saved in which we have for many years preached with some seals of the Holy Ghost in converting sinners unto God and in building them up in holiness and comfort by the faith and power of them which also we vowed to the Lord to preach to all that will hear us as long as we live in the day when we gave up our selves to serve God with our Spirit in the Gospel of his Son If either this Silence or the swallowing down of Arminian Schemes of the Gospel contrary to the New Testament and unknown to the Reformed Churches in their greatest purity be the only terms of peace with our Brethren we must then maintain our peace with God and our own Consciences in the defence of plain Gospel Truth And our Harmony with the Reformed Churches and in the comfort of these bear their Enmity And though it be usual with them to vilifie and contemn such as differ from them for their fewness weakness and want of Learning yet they might know that the most Learned and Godly in the Christian World have maintained and defended the same Doctrine we stand for for some Ages The Grace of God will never want for it can and will furnish Defenders of it England hath been blessed with a Bradwardine an Archbishop of Canterbury against the Pelagians a Twiss and Ames against the Arminians And though they that contend with us would separate their Cause altogether from that of these two pests of the Church of Christ I mean Pelagius and Arminius yet judicious observers cannot but already perceive a coincidency and do fear more when either the force of Argument shall drive them out of their lurking holes or when they shall think fit to discover their secret sentiments which yet we but guess at Then as we shall know better what they would be at so it is very like that they will then find Enemies in many whom they have seduced by their craft and do yet seem to be in their Camp and will meet with Opposers both at home and abroad that they think not of Our Doctrine of the Justification of a Sinner by the free grace of God in Jesus Christ however it be misrepresented and reflected upon is yet undeniably recommended by four things 1 It is a Doctrine savoury and precious unto all ser ous Godly Persons Dr. Ames his observation holds good as to all the Arminian Divinity that it is contra communem sensum fidelium against the common sense of Believers And though this be an argument of little weight with them that value more the judgment of the Scribes and the Wise and Disputers of this World 1 Cor. 1.18 19 20 21. than of all the Godly Yet the Spirit of God by John gives us this same argument 1 John 4.5 6. They are of the World therefore speak they of the World and the World heareth them We are of God he that knoweth God heareth us he that is not of God heareth not us Hereby know we the Spirit of Truth and the Spirit of Error How evident is it that several who by Education or an unsound Ministry having had their Natural Enmity against the Grace of God strengthned when the Lord by his Spirit hath broke in upon their hearts and hath raised a serious Soul-exercise about their Salvation their turning to God in Christ and their turning from Arminianism have begun together And some of the greatest Champions for the Grace of God have been persons thus dealt with as we might instance And as it is thus with men at their Conversion so is it found afterward that still as it is well with them in their inner man so doth the Doctrine of Grace still appear more precious and savoury On the other part all the ungodly and unrenewed have a dislike and disrelish of this Doctrine and are all for the Doctrine of doing and love to hear it and in their sorry exercise are still for doing their own business in Salvation though they be nothing and can do nothing but Sin and destroy themselves 2. It is that Doctrine only by which a convinced sinner can be dealt with effectually When a man is awakened and brought to that that all must be brought to or to worse What shall I do to be saved Acts 16.30 31. We have the Apostolick answer to it Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ and thou shalt be saved and thy house This Answer is so old that with many it seems out of date But it is still and will ever be fresh and new and savoury and the only Resolution of this grand Case of Conscience as long as Conscience and the World lasts No Wit or Art of Man will ever find a crack or flaw in it or devise another or a better answer nor can any but this alone heal rightly the wound of an awakened Conscience Let us set this man to seek resolution in this case of some Masters in our Israel According to their Principles they must say to him Repent and Mourn for your known Sins and leave and loath them and God will have mercy on
you Alas saith the poor Man My Heart is hard and I cannot repent aright yea I find my heart more hard and vile than when I was secure in sin If you speak to this man of qualifications for Christ he knows nothing of them if of sincere Obedience his answer is native and ready Obedience is the work of a living man and Sincerity is only in a renewed Soul sincere Obedience is therefore as impossible to a dead unrenewed sinner as perfect Obedience is Why should not the right answer be given Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ and you shall be saved Tell him what Christ is what he hath done and suffered to obtain eternal Redemption for sinners and that according to the Will of God and his Father Give him a plain downright Narrative of the Gospel Salvation wrought out by the Son of God tell him the History and Mystery of the Gospel plainly it may be the Holy Ghost will work faith thereby as he did in those first fruits of the Gentiles Acts 10.44 If he ask what warrant he hath to believe on Jesus Christ Tell him that he hath utter indispensible Necessity for it for without believing on him he must perish eternally That he hath God's gracious Offer of Christ and all his Redemption with a promise that upon accepting the Offer by Faith Christ and Salvation with Him is his That he hath God's express commandment 1 John 3.23 to believe on Christ's Name and that he should make conscience of obeying it as well as any command in the Moral Law Tell him of Christs ability and good-will to save that no man was ever rejected by him that cast himself upon him that desperate cases are the glorious Triumphs of his Art of saving Tell him that there is no midst between Faith and Vnbelief that there is no excuse for neglecting the one and continuing in the the other That believing on the Lord Jesus for salvation is more pleasing to God that all obedience to his Law and that unbelief is the most provoking to God and the most damning to man of all sins Against the greatness of his sins the Curse of the Law and the severity of God as Judge there is no relief to be held forth to him but the free and boundless Grace of God in the Merit of Christ's Satisfaction by the sacrifice of himself If he should say What is it to believe on Jesus Christ As to this I find no such question in the Word but that all did some way understand the notion of it The Jews that did not believe on him John 6 28 29 30. the Chief Priests and Pharisees John 7 48 the blind Men John 9.35 When Christ asked him Believest thou on the Son of God He answered Who is he Lord that I may believe on him Immediately when Christ had told him ver 37. he saith not what is it to believe on him but Lord I believe and worshipped him and so both profess'd and acted Faith in him So the Father of the Lunatick Mark 9.23 24. The Eunuch Act 8.37 They all both Christ's Enemies and his Disciples knew that Faith in him was a believing that the Man Jesus of Nazareth was the Son of God the Messiah and Saviour of the World so as to receive and look for Salvation in his Name Acts 4.12 This was the common Report published by Christ and his Apostles and Disciples and known by all that heard it If he yet ask What he is to believe you tell him that he is not called to believe that he is in Christ and that his Sins are pardoned and he a Justified Man but that he is to believe God's Record concerning Christ 1 John 5 10 11 12. And this Record is that God giveth that is offereth to us Eternal Life in his Son Jesus Christ And that all that with the heart believe this Report and rest their Souls on these glad Tidings shall be saved Rom. 10.9 10.11 And thus he is to believe that he may be justified Gal. 2.16 If he still say That this Believing is hard This is a good doubt but easily resolved It bespeaks a Man deeply humbled Any body may see his own Impotence to obey the Law of God fully but few find the Difficulty of believing For his Resolution ask him what it is he finds makes believing difficult to him Is it unwillingness to be justified and saved Is it unwillingness to be so saved by Jesus Christ to the praise of Gods Grace in him and to the voiding of all boasting in himself This he will surely deny Is it a Distrust of the Truth of the Gospel-Record This he dare not own Is it a Doubt of Christ's Ability or Good Will to save This is to contradict the Testimony of God in the Gospel Is it because he doubts of an Interest in Christ and his Redemption You tell him That believing on Christ makes up the Interest in him If he say that he cannot believe on Jesus Christ because of the difficulty of the acting this Faith and that a Divine Power is needful to draw it forth which he finds not You tell him that believing in Jesus Christ is no work but a resting on Jesus Christ And that this pretence is as unreasonable as that if a Man wearied with a Journey and who is not able to go one step further should argue I vm so tired that I am not able to lye down when indeed he can neither stand nor go The poor wearied sinner can never believe on Jesus Christ till he finds he can do nothing for himself and in his first believing doth always apply himself to Christ for Salvation as a man hopeless and helpless in himself And by such reasonings with him from the Gospel the Lord will as he hath often done convey faith and joy and peace by believing 3. This Doctrine of free Justification by Faith alone hath this Advantage That it suits all men's Spirits and Frame in their serious Approaches to God in Worship Men may think and talk boldly of inherent Righteousness and of its worth and value of good Works and Frames and Dispositions but when men present themselves before the Lord and have any discoveries of his Glory all things in themselves will disappear and be looked upon as nothing Zophar though the hottest Speaker of Job's Friends did yet speak rightly to him Job 11.4 5. For thou hast said My Doctrine is pure and I am clean in thine eyes But O that God would speak And so Job found it when God displaid his Glory to him and that only in the works of Creation and Providence Chap. 38 39. He then changed his note Job 40.4 5. and 42.2 6. So was it with Isaiah Chap 6.5 till pardoning Grace was imparted to him No man can stand before this Holy Lord God with any peace and Comfort unless he have God himself to stay upon His Grace and Mercy in Jesus Christ can only preserve a man from being consumed and the
Faith of it from being confounded Hence we see the difference betwixt mens frame in their Disputes and Doctrine about these points and their own sense and pleadings with God in Prayer 4. This Doctrine of Justification by Faith without any mixtures of man however and by what Names and Titles soever they be dignified or distinguished hath this undoubted advantage that it is that which all not judicially hardened and blinded do or would or must betake themselves unto when dying How loath would men be to plead that Cause on a Death-bed which they so stoutly stand up for with Tongue and Pen when at ease and that evil day far away They seem to be jealous least God's Grace and Christ's Righteousness have too much room and Men's Works too little in the the business of Justification But was ever a sensible dying person exercised with this jealousie as to himself Even bloody Stephen Gardiner when a dying could answer Dr. Day Bishop of Chichester who offered comfort to him by this Doctrine What my Lord will you open that Gap now then farewel altogether To me and such other in my case you may speak it but open this Window to the People then farewel altogether Book of Martyrs V. 3. p. 450. In which words he bewrayed a conviction of the fitness of the Doctrine to dying persons and his knowledge that it tended to the destroying the Kingdom of Antichrist As Fox in the same Book of Martyrs Vol. 2. p. 46. gives this as the reason of Luther's success against Popery above all former attempts of preceeding Witnesses But saith he Luther gave the stroke and pluckt down the soundation and all by opening one vein long hid before wherein lieth the touchstone of all Truth and Doctrine as the only Principal Origine of our Salvation which is our free Justification by Faith only in Christ the Son of God Consider how it is with the most holy and eminent Saints when dying Did ye ever see or hear any boasting of their works and performances They may and do own to the praise of his Grace what they have been made to be what they have been helped to do or suffer for Christ's sake But when they draw near to the Awful Tribunal what else is in their Eye and Heart but only Free-Grace Ransoming Blood and a Well-ordered Covenant in Christ the Surety They cannot bear to hear any make mention to them of their Holiness their own Grace and Attainments In a word the Doctrine of Conditions Qualifications and Rectoral Government and the distribution of Rewards and Punishments according to the New Law of Grace will make but an uneasie Bed to a dying Man's Conscience and will leave him in a very bad condition at present and in dread of worse when he is feeling in his last Agonies that the Wages of Sin is Death if he cannot by Faith add but the Gift of God is Eternal Life through Jesus Christ our Lord Rom. 6.23 He is a wise and happy man that anchors his Soul on that Rock at which he can ride out the storm of Death Why should men contend for that in their life that they know they must renounce at their death Or neglect that Truth now that they must betake themselves unto then why should a man build a House which he must leave in a Storm or be buried in its ruines Many Architects have attempted to make a sure House of their own Righteousness but it is without a Foundation and must fall or be thrown down sorrowfully by the foolish Builder which is the better way It is a great Test of the Truth of Doctrine about the way of Salvation when it is generally approv'd of by sensible dying men And what the Universal Sense of all such in this case is as to the Righteousness of Christ and their own is obvious to any man He was an ingenuous Balaamite who being himself a Papist said to a Protestant Our Religion is best to live in and yours best to die in But notwithstanding of these great advantages and they are but a few of many that this Doctrine is attended with There are not a few disadvantages it labours under which though they are rather to its commendation than reproach yet they do hinder its Welcome and Reception As 1. This Doctrine is a Spiritual Mystery and lyeth not level to a Natural Understanding 1 Cor. 2.10 14. Working for Life a man naturally understands but believing for Life he understands not To mend the Old Man he knows but to put on the New Man by Faith is a Riddle to him The study of Holiness and to endeavour to square his Life according to God's Law he knows a little of though he can never do it but to draw Sanctification from Christ by Faith and to walk holily in and through the force of the Spirit of Christ in the Heart by Faith is meer canting to him A new Life he understands a little but nothing of a New Birth and Regeneration He never saw himself stark dead Nay not only is it unknown to the Natural Man but he is by his Natural State an enemy to it he neither doth nor can know it nor approve of it 1 Cor. 2.14 Wisdom that is Christ's way of saving men revealed in the Gospel is justified of all her Children and of them only Matth. 11.19 Luke 7.29 30 35. This Enmity in Men to the Wisdom of God is the cause not only of this contempt of its Ministry but is a Temptation to many Ministers to patch up and frame a Gospel that is more suited to and taking with and more easily understood by such men than the true Gospel of Christ is this Paul complains of in others and vindicates himself from 1 Cor. 1 17. and 2.2 he warns others against it Col. 2.8 2 Cor. 11.3 4. Gal. 1.6 7 8 9. And it is certain that doing for Life is more suited to corrupt Nature than Believing is 2. Our Opposers in this Doctrine have the Many for them and against us as they of old boasted John 7.48 This they have no ground to glory in though they do not we to be ashamed of the Truth because we cannot vie numbers with them With our Opposers are all these sorts and they make a great number though I do not say or think that all our Opposers are to be ranked in any of these Lists for some both Godly and Learned may mistake us and the Truth in this matter 1. They have all the Ignorant People that know nothing of either Law or Gospel They serve God they say but most fasly and hope that God will be merciful to them and save them To all such both the clear explication of God's Law and the Mysteries of the Gospel are strange things Yet sincere obedience they love to hear of for all of them think there is some sincerity in their hearts and that they can do somewhat But of Faith in Christ they have no knowledge except by faith you
which is always fruitful in good works 2 Pet. 2. and Jude's Epistle The Apostle orders the Churches to cast such out 1 Cor. 5. 2 Tim. 3.5 And to declare to them as Peter did to a Professor Acts 8.20 21. That they have no part nor portion in this matter for their heart is not right in the sight of God though the Doctrine be right that they hypocritically profess But if our Brethren will not forbear their charge of Antinomianism we entreat them that they will give it in justly As 1. On them that say that the sanction of the Holy Law of God is repealed so that no man is now under it either to be condemned for breaking it or to be saved by keeping it which to us is rank Antinomianism and Arminianism both Yea that it doth not now require perfect holiness but indeed what can it require For it is no Law if its Sanction be repealed 2. On them let the charge lye that are ungodly under the name of Christianity And both they and we know where to find such true Antinomians in great abundance who yet are never called by that name And is it not somewhat strange that men who have so much zeal against an Antinomian principle have so much kindness for true Antinomians in practice 3. Let him be called by this ugly name that judgeth not the Holy Law and Word of God written in the Old and New Testament to be a perfect rule of life to all Believers and saith not that all such should study conformity thereunto Rom. 12.2 4. That encourageth himself in Sin and hardneth himself in Impenitence by the Doctrine of the Gospel No man that knows and believes the Gospel can do so What some hypocrites may do is nothing to us who disown all such persons and practices and own no principle that can really encourage the one or influence the other 5. That thinketh holiness is not necessary to all that would be saved We maintain not only that it is necessary to but that it is a great part of Salvation 6. Whoever thinks that when a Believer comes short in obeying God's Law he sins not and that he ought not to mourn because of it as provoking to God and hurtful to the new creation in him and that he needs not renew the exercise of Faith and Repentance for repeated washing and pardoning Lastly That say that a Sinner is actually justfied before he be united to Christ by faith It 's strange that such that are charged with this of all men do most press on Sinners to believe on Jesus Christ and urge the damnation threatned in the Gospel upon all Unbelievers That there is a decreed Justification from Eternity particular and fixed as to all the Elect and a Virtual Perfect Justification of all the Red emed in and by the Death and Resurrection of Jesus Christ Isa 53 11. Rom. 4.25 Heb. 9.26 28. and 10.14 is not yet called in question by any amongst us and more is not craved but that a Sinner for his Actual Justification must lay hold on and plead this Redemption in Christ's blood by Faith But on the other hand we glory in any name of Reproach as the honourable reproach of Christ that is cast upon us for asserting the absolute boundless freedom of the Grace of God which excludes all merit and every thing like it The Absoluteness of the Covenant of Grace for the Covenant of Redemption was plainly and strictly a conditional one and the noblest of all conditions was in it the Son of God's taking on him man's nature and offering it in Sacrifice was the strict condition of all the Glory and Reward promised to Christ and his seed Isa 53.10 11. wherein all things are freely promised and that Faith that is required for sealing a mans Interest in the Covenant is promised in it and wrought by the Grace of it Ephes 2.8 That Faith at first is wrought by and acts upon a full and absolute offer of Christ and of all his fulness an Offer that hath no condition in it but that native one to all Offers acceptance and in the very act of this Acceptance the Accepter doth expresly disclaim all things in himself but Sinfulness and Misery That Faith in Jesus Christ doth justifie although by the way it is to be noted that it is never written in the Word that Faith justifieth actively but always passively that a man is justified by faith and that God justifieth men by and through faith yet admitting the phrase only as a meer instrument receiving that Imputed Righteousness of Christ for which we are justified and that this Faith in the Office of Justification is neither condition nor qualification nor our Gospel-Righteousness but in its very Act is a renouncing of all such pretences We proclaim the Market of Grace to be free Isai 55.1 2 3. It 's Christ's last offer and lowest Rev. 22 17. If there be any price or mony spoke of it is no price no money And where such are the terms and conditions if we be forced to call them so we must say that they look liker a renouncing than a boasting of any Qualifications or Conditions Surely the Terms of the Gospel-Bargain are God's free giving and our free taking and receiving We are not ashamed of teaching the ineffectualness of the Law and all the works of it to give Life either that of Justification or of Regeneration and Sanctification or of Eternal Life That the Law of God can only damn all sinners that it only rebukes and thereby irritates and increaseth sin and can never subdue it till Gospel Grace come with power upon the heart and then when the Law is written in the heart it is copyed out in the life That we call men to believe on the Lord Jesus Christ in that case the first Adam brought them to and left them in in that case that the Law finds and leaves them in guilty filthy condemned out of which case they can only be delivered by Christ and by believing on him That we tell Sinners that Jesus Christ will surely welcome all that come to him and as he will not cast them out for their sinfulness in their Nature and by past Life so neither for their Misery in the want of such Qualifications and Graces that he only can give That we do hold forth the Propitiation in Christ's Blood as the only thing to be in the eye of a man that would believe on Christ unto justification of Life and that by this faith alone a sinner is justified and God is justified in doing so That God justifieth the Vngodly Rom. 4.5 neither by making him godly before he justifie him nor leaving him ungodly after he hath justified him But that the same Grace that justifies him doth immediately sanctifie him If for such Doctrine we be called Antinomians we are bold to say that there is some ignorance of or prejudice at the known Protestant Doctrine in the hearts of the
improved to a severe height by some on purpose to shelter Arminianism in its growth and to advance it further amongst us which we pray and hope the Lord will prevent Yours N. N. POSTSCRIPT THis Paper presented to thee was in its first design intended as a private Letter to a particular Brother as the Title bears How it comes to be published I shall not trouble the World with an account of I think that Dr. Owen's Excellent Book of Justification and Mr. Marshal's Book of the Mystery of Sanctification by Faith in Jesus Christ are such Vindications and Confirmations of the Protestant Doctrine against which I fear no effectual Opposition Dr. Owen's Name is so savoury and famous his soundness in the Faith and ability in Learning for its defence so justly reputed that no sober man will attempt him Mr. Marshal was a holy retired Person and is only known to the most of us by his Book published lately The Book is a deep practical well-jointed Discourse and requires a more than ordinary attention in the reading of it with profit And if it be singly used I look upon it as one of the most useful Books the World hath seen for many years Its excellency is that it leads the serious Reader directly to Jesus Christ and cuts the sinews and overturns the foundation of the New Divinity by the same argument of Gospel-Holiness by which many attempt to overturn the Old And as it hath already the seal of high approbation by many judicious Ministers and Christians that have read it so I fear not but it will stand firm as a Rock against all Opposition and will prove good Seed and Food and Light and Life to many hereafter All my design in publishing this is plainly and briefly to give some Information to ordinary plain people who either want Time or Judgement to peruse large and learned Tractates about this point of Justification wherein every one is equally concerned The Theme of Justification hath suffered greatly by this That many have imployed their Heads and Pens who never had their Hearts and Consciences exercised about it And they must be frigid and dreaming speculations that all such are taken up with whose Consciences are not enlivened with their personal concern in it These things are undoubted 1. That as it is a point of highest concern to every man so it is to the whole-Doctrine of Christianity All the great Fundamentals of Christian Truth center in this of Justification The Trinity of persons in the Godhead The Incarnation of the only Begotten of the Father The Satisfaction paid to the Law and Justice of God for the sins of the World by his Obedience and Sacrifice of Himself in that flesh he assumed and the Divine Authority of the Scriptures which reveal all this Are all straight lines of Truth that center in this Doctrine of the Justification of a Sinner by the Imputation and Application of that Satisfaction No Justification without a Righteousness No Righteousness can be but what answers fully and perfectly the Holy Law of God No such Righteousness can be performed but by a Divine Person No benefit can accrue to a Sinner by it unless it be someway his and applied to him No application can be made of this but by Faith in Jesus Christ And as the connexion with and dependance of this Truth upon the other great Mysteries of Divine Truth is evident in the plain proposal of it So the same hath sadly been manifest in this that the forsaking of the Doctrine of Justification by Faith in Christ's Righteousness hath been the first step of Apostasie in many who have not stop'd till they revolted from Christianity it self Hence so many Arminians and their chief Leaders too turned Socinians from denying Justification by Christs Righteousness they proceeded to the denying of his Satisfaction from the denial of his proper Satisfaction they went on to the denying of the Divinity of his Person And that man's Charity is excessive that will allow to such Blasphemers of the Son of God the Name of Christians Let not then the Zeal of any for so fundamental a point of Truth as that is of the Justification of a Sinner by Faith in Christ be charged with folly It is good to be always zealously affected in a good thing and this is the best of things 2. It is undoubted That there is a Mystery in this Matter of Justification As it is God's act it is an act of Free-Grace and Deep Wisdom Herein Justice and Mercy kiss one another in saving the Sinner Here appears God Man with the Righteousness of God and this applied and imputed to sinful men Here mans Sin and Misery are the field in which the Riches of God's Grace in Christ are display'd Here the Sinner is made Righteous by the Righteousness of another and obtains Justification through this Righteousness though he pays and gives nothing for it God declares him righteous or justifies him freely and yet he is well paid for it by the Redemption that is in Christ Jesus Rom. 3.24 25 26. It is an act of Justice and Mercy both when God justifies a Believer on Jesus Christ And must there not then be a great Mystery in it Is not every Believer daily admiring the depth of this way of God This Mystery is usually rather darkned than illustrated by Logical Terms used in the handling of it The only defence that good and learned men have for the use of them is and it hath great weight that the craft of Adversaries doth constrain them to use such Terms to find them out or hedge them in It 's certain that this Mystery is as plainly revealed in the Word as the Holy Ghost thought fit to do in teaching the Heirs of this Grace and it were well if men did contain themselves within these bounds 3. It is certain That this Doctrine of Justification proposed in the Word hath been very differently understood and expressed by men that profess that God's Word is the only Rule of their thoughts and words about the things of the Spirit of God It hath been and will be still a Stone of Stumbling as our Lord Jesus Christ himself was and is Rom. 9.32 33. 1 Pet. 2.7 8. 4. That whatever Variety and Differences there be in Men's Notions and Opinions and there is a great deal about Justification They are all certainly reducible to two one of which is every mans opinion And they are That the Justification of a sinner before God is either on the account of a Righteousness in and of our selves or on the account of a Righteousness in another even Jesus Christ who is Jehovah our Righteousness Law and Gospel Faith and Works Christs Righteousness and our own Grace and Debt do equally divide all in this matter Crafty Men may endeavour to bend and mix these things together in Justification but it is a vain attempt Is it not only most expresly rejected in the Gospel which peremptorily determines the
Contrariety Inconsistency and Incompatibility betwixt these two But the Nature of the things in themselves and the sense and conscience of every serious person doth witness to the same that our own Righteousness and Christs Righteousness do comprehend all the pleas of men to Justification one or other of them every man in the world stands upon and that they are inconsistent with and destructive one of another in justification if a man trust to his own Righteousness he rejects Christs if he trusts to Christs Righteousness he rejects his Own If he will not reject his own Righteousness as too good to be renounced if he will not venture on Christs Righteousness as not sufficient alone to bear him out and bring him safe off at God's Bar he is in both a convicted Unbeliever And if he endeavour to patch up a Righteousness before God made up of both he is still under the Law and a despiser of Gospel-Grace Gal. 2.21 That Righteousness that justifies a Sinner consists in aliquo indivisibili and this every man finds when the case is his own and he serious about it 5. These different Sentiments about Justification have been at all times managed with a special Acrimony They that are for the Righteousness of God by Faith in Jesus Christ look upon it as the only foundation of all their hopes for eternity and therefore cannot but be zealous for it And the contrary side are as hot for their own Righteousness the most admired and adored Diana of proud Mankind as if it were an Image fallen down from Jupiter when it is indeed the Idol that was cast out of Heaven with the Devil and which he hath ever since been so diligent to set up before sinful men to be worship'd that he might bring them into the same condemnation with himself And by true Sin and false Righteousness he hath deceived the whole world Rev. 12.9 6. As the Holy Ghost speaking in the Scriptures is the Supreme and Infallible Judge and Determiner of all Truth So where he doth particularly and on purpose deliver any Truth there we are specially to attend and learn And tho in most points of Truth he usually teacheth us by a bare Authoritative Narration yet in some Points which his Infinite Wisdom foresaw special Opposition to he doth not only declare but debate and determine the Truth And the Instances are two especially One is about the Divinity of Christ's Person and Dignity of his Priesthood reasoned argued and determined in the Epistle to the Hebrews The other is about Justification by Faith exactly handled in the Epistles to the Romans and to the Galatians In the former of these two the Doctrine of free Justification is taught us most formally and accurately And tho we find no Charge against that Church in Paul's time or in his Epistle for their departing from the Truth in this Point yet the Wisdom of the Holy Ghost is remarkable in this That this Doctrine should be so plainly asserted and strongly proved in an Epistle to that Church the pretonded Successors whereof have Apostatized from that Faith and proved the main Asserters of that damnable Error of Justification by Works That to the Galatians is plainly written to cure a begun and obviate a full Apostasy from the purity of the Gospel in the point of Justification by Faith without the Works of the Law And from these two Epistles if we be wise we must learn the Truth of this Doctrine and expound all other Scriptures in a harmony with what is there so setly determined as in Foro contradictorio Lastly It is not to be denied nor concealed That on each side some have run into Extreams which the generality do not own but are usually loaden with The Papists run high for Justification by Works yet even some of them in the Council of Trent discoursed very favourably of Justification by Faith The Arminians have qualified a little the grossness of the Popish Doctrine in this Article And some since have essayed to qualifie that of the Arminians and to plead the same cause more finely Again some have run into the other extream as appeared in Germany a little after the Reformation and some such there have been always and in all places where the Gospel hath shined and these were called Antinomians But how unjustly this hateful Name is charged upon the Orthodox Preachers and sincere Believers of the Protestant Doctrine of Justification by Faith only who keep the Gospel-midst betwixt these two Rocks is the design of this Paper to discover What we plead for is in summ That Jesus Christ our Saviour is the fountain opened in the House of David for Sin and for Vncleanness wherein only men can be washed in Justification and Sanctification And that there is no other fountain of mans devising nor of God's declaring for washing a Sinner first so as to make him fit and meet to come to this to wash and to be clean As for In herent Holiness Is it not sufficiently secured by the Spirit of Christ received by Faith the certain Spring and Cause of it By the Word of God the plain and perfect Rule of it By the declared necessity of it to all them that look to be saved and to justifie the sincerity of a mans Faith Unless we bring it in to Justification and thereby make our own pitiful Holiness sit on the Throne of Judgement with the precious blood of the Lamb of God Though I expect that a more able hand will undertake an Examination of the New Divinity yet to fill up a little room I would speak somewhat to their Achillaean Argument that is so much boasted of and so frequently insisted on by them as their Shield and Spear Their Argument is this That Christ's Righteousness is our Legal Righteousness but our own is our Evangelical Righteouness that is when a Sinner is charged with Sin against the Law of God he may oppose Christ's Righteousness as his Legal Defence But against the Charge of the Gospel especially for Unbelief he must produce his Faith as his Defence or Righteousness against that charge With a great deference to such Worthy Divines as have look'd on this as an argument of weight I shall in a few words effay to manifest that this is either a saying the same in other odd words that is commonly taught by us or a Sophism or a departing from the Protestant Doctrine about Justification 1. This Argument concerns not at all the Justification of a Sinner before God For this end no more is needful than to consider what this charge is against whom it is given and by whom The charge is said to be given in by God and a charge of Unbelief or disobeying the Gospel But against whom Is it against a Believer or Unbeliever And these two divide all mankind If it be against a Believer it is a false charge and can never be given in by the God of Truth For the Believer is justified already
understand a dream of being saved by Jesus Christ though they know nothing of him or of his way of saving men nor of the way of being saved by him 2. All Formalists are on their side People that place their Religion in Trifles because they are strangers to the substance thereof 3. All proud secure sinners are against us that go about with the Jews to establish their own Righteousness Rom. 10.3 The secure are whole and see no need of the Physician the proud have physick at home and despise that that came down from Heaven 4. All the zealous devout people in a Natural Religion are utter enemies to the Gospel By a Natural Religion I mean that that is the product of the remnants of God's image in fallen man a little improved by the Light of God's Word All such cannot endure to hear that God's Law must be perfectly fulfilled in every tittle of it or no man can be saved by doing That they must all perish for ever that have not the Righteousness of a man that never sinned who is also God over all blessed for ever to shelter and cover them from a holy God's anger and to render them accepted of him That this Righteousness is put on by the Grace of God and a man must betake himself to it and receive as a naked blushing sinner That no man can do any thing that is good till Gospel Grace renew him and make him first a good man This they will never receive but do still think that a man may grow good by doing good 3. Natural Reason is very fertile in its Objections and Cavils against the Doctrine of the Grace of God And especially when this corrupt Reason is polished by learning and strong natural parts When there are many to broach such Doctrines and many so disposed to receive it is it any wonder that the Gospel Truth makes little progress in the World Nay were it not for the Divine Power that supports it and the promises of its preservation its enemies are so many and strong and true friends so few and feeble we might fear its perishing from the earth But we know it is impossible And if the Lord have a design of mercy to these Nations and hath a vein of his Election to dig up amongst us we make no doubt but the Glory of Christ as a crucified Saviour shall yet be displaid in the midst of us to the joy of all that love his salvation and to the shame of others Isa 66.5 4. I might add the great Declension of some of the Reformed Churches from the purity and simplicity of that Doctrine they were first planted in The new Methodists about the Grace of God had too great an increase in the French Churches And which was very strange this Declension advanced amongst them at the same time when Jansonism was spreading amongst many of the Church of Rome So that a man might have seen Papists growing better in their Doctrine and Protestants growing worse See Mr. Gale's Idea of Jansenism with Dr. Owen's Preface What there is of this amongst us in England I leave the Reader to Mr. Jenkyn's Coleusma and to the Naked Truth Part 4. And if there be any warping toward Arminian Doctrine by some on our side in order to ingratiate themselves with that Church that hath the secular advantages to dispense and to make way for some accommodation with them I had rather wait in fear till a further discovery of it than offer to guess at Lastly It is no small disadvantage this Doctrine lies under from the Spirit of this Day we live in A light frothy trifling temper prevails generally Doctrines of the greatest weight are talked of and treated about with a vain unconcerned frame of Spirit as if men contended rather about Opinions and School-points than about the Oracles of God and matters of Faith But if mens hearts were seen by themselves if Sin were felt if mens Consciences were enlivened if God's Holy Law were known in its exactness and severity and the Glory and Majesty of the Law-giver shining before mens eyes if men were living as leaving Time and launching forth into Eternity the Gospel Salvation by Jesus Christ would be more regarded Object 1. Is there not a great decay amongst Professors in real practical Godliness Are we like the Old Protestants or the Old Puritans I answer That the Decay and Degeneracy is great and heavily to be bewailed But what is the cause and what will be its cure Is it because the Doctrine of Morality and Vertue and Good Works is not enough preached This cannot be For there hath been for many years a publick Ministry in the Nation that make these their constant themes Yet the Land is become as Sodom for all lewdness and the Tree of Prophaneness is so grown that the Sword of the Magistrate hath not yet been able to lop off any of its Branches Is it because men have too much Faith in Christ or too little or none at all Would not faith in Christ increase Holiness did it not always so and will it not still do it Was not the holiness of the first Protestants eminent and shining And yet they generally put assurance in the definition of their faith We cannot say that Gospel Holiness hath prospered much by the correction or mittigation of that harsh-like definition The certain spring of this prevailing Wickedness in the Land is peoples ignorance and unbelief of the Gospel of Christ and that grows by many Prophets that speak lies to them in the Name of the Lord. Object 2. But do not some abuse the Grace of the Gospel and turn it into Wantonness Answer Yes Some do ever did and still will do so But it is only the ill-understood and not-believed Doctrine of Grace that they abuse the Grace it self no man can abuse for its power prevents its abuse Let us see how Paul that blessed Herald of this Grace as he was an eminent instance of it dealeth with this Objection Rom. 6.1 c. What doth he to prevent this abuse Is it by extenuating what he had said Chap. 5.20 that Grace abounds much more where Sin had abounded Is it by mincing Grace smaller that men may not choke upon it or surfeit by it Is it by mixing somthing of the Law with it to make it more wholesome No But only by plain asserting the power and influence of this Grace wherever it really is as at length in that Chapter This Grace is all treasured up in Christ Jesus offered to all men in the Gospel poured forth by our Lord in the Working of Faith and drunk in by the Elect in the exercise of Faith and becomes in them a living spring which will and must break out and spring up in all holy conversation He exhorts them to drink in more and more of this Grace by Faith And as for such as pretend to Grace and live ungodly the Spirit of God declares they are void of Grace