to a Prou. 17.15 Deut 25.1 Rom. 8.33.34 c. 5.18 acquite discharge or absolue in Latin so far as that word signifieth the action of a iudge A mā is said therfore to be iustified before God which is accounted iust in Gods Iudgement and accepted before God for his righteousnesse II. A man is sayd to be iustified by his workes when in his life there is founde such puritie and holines which may merite before the throne of God the commendation of iustice or that can with the perfection of his workes answer and satisfie the iudgement and iustice of God III. A man is sayd to be iustified by faith which renouncing the righteousnes of his workes doth apprehend by faith the righteousnes of Christ that is the righteousnesse which is purchased by the death of Christ this mā a Gal. 3.27 Apoc. 7.14 clothed with this robe of Christ doth appeare not as a sinner but as a righteous man in the sight of God IIII. We say with the Apostle a Rom. 3.28 Gal. 2.16 Paule that a man is iustified before God not by works but by faith onely V. Iustification and regeneration go euer a Rom. 6. ◠and 8. together but yet must be distinguished For regeneration in this life onely is b Rom. 7. begun and by degrees increaseth till it be perfected in the life to come but we are not iustified in part but perfectly for this quieteth our consciences c Rom. 5.1 and giueth vs that peace which passeth vnderstanding VI. S. Paule doth well expresse this difference betweene iustification and regeneration For speaking of his inherent righteousnesse or integritie which he had in regeneratiō he crieth out bitterly ô wretched a Rom. 7 2◠man that I am who shall deliuer me from this body of death But turning him selfe to the righteousnesse of Christ imputed vnto him which is grounded vpon the meere mercy of God and giuen vs in our iustification he reioyceth b Rom. 8.33.34.35 c. greatly with full trust and affiance triumpheth ouer life and death reproches and wantes sword and all crosses of this present life VII When we say we are iustified by faith our meaning is that we are pronounced iust in Gods sight for that by faith the Lord doth a Rom. 5.19 impute vnto vs for righteousnesse b Heb. 2.9 the obedience of Christ which he performed for vs vnto his father c Gal. 2.13 Esa 55. in tasting death for vs and so in paying the d Rom. 4.3 c. Gal. 3.6 punishment we did owe for the breach of the law VIII When we say we are iustified by faith onely we do not exclude the a Rom. 3.24 chap. 5.21 Ep. 1.5.6.7.8 grace and mercy of God in our iustification nor the b Rom. 3.25 c. 5.9 and c. 8.33.34 merite of Christes death which is imputed vnto vs for righteousnesse but we exclude c Rom. 3.28 chap. 11.12 ◠32 Gal. 2.18 workes onely IX For assuredly the iustice of faith and workes are so opposite that they can not be coupled together but admit the one ye must necessarily reiecte th other And hence it is that Paule doth account the righteousnesse of the Law and this righteousnesse of faith as contraries a Phil. 3.9 renouncing that righteousnesse by the law and resting in that righteousnesse which is by faith in Iesus Christ or giuen vs of God by faith Againe he sheweth that this was the cause of the b Rom. 10.3 ruine of the Iewes that seeking to stablish their owne righteousnes they wold not submit thēselues to the righteousnesse of God This he teacheth also when he saith that our reioycing can not be c Rom. 3.27 excluded by the law but by faith and againe when the reward is giuen d Rom. 4.4 and 5. for works that is of due debt but that righteousnesse is imputed to faith is of grace X. Againe Paule doth not exclude from iustification those workes only which the vnregenerat work out of grace literally by strength of their own free will for surely Abraham was regenerate when he did those workes for the which he had a Rom. 4.2 praise of men but was not iustified with God XI To be short the Scripture teacheth that our iustification is on this manner first the Lord God of his meer a Tim. 3.5 Ephe. 1.5.6.7 grace and goodnesse doth embrace a sinner finding nothing to moue him to mercy but misery for he seeth him b Ephe. 2.1 destitute void of all good workes he is moued c Ephe. 1.9 of himselfe to do him good and to giue this sinner some tast and feeling d Rom. 5.5 of his goodnesse that e Phil. 3.8 distrusting his owne strength and works he may repose all his trust and hope for saluation in the onely mercy f Ephe. 1.7 of God in Christ Iesus which God hath reuealed in his holy word XII Again that a mā is iustified by faith only is very cleare by other places of the Apostle as where he disputeth that there is a Rom. 4.2.3.4 no righteousnes by faith but that which is by grace where he b Rom. 3.21 and 28. Gal. 2.16 denieth righteousnesse to the workes of the law to workes I say not onely ceremoniall but also morall as may plainly appeare by these sentences which he vseth for confirmation of his purpose as the c Gal. 3.12 man that shall do these things shall liue in them and d Ibid. 10. cursed is euery man that continueth not in all things which are written in the booke of the law to do them and by these conclusions righteousnesse is not by the law for by the law commeth the e Rom. 3.20 knowledge of sinne The law f Rom. 4.15 causeth wrath Ergo not righteousnesse XIII We graunt with Paul that no faith iustifieth but that which worketh by a Gal. 5.6 loue but we vtterly deny that faith hath power to iustifie or that faith and loue do iustifie because faith is effectuall or working by loue XIIII The forme of our iustification is the free remission a Rom. 4.6.7.8 Luke 18.13 and 14. Act. 13.38 and 39. of sinnes for like as the wrath of God is vpon all so long as they continue in sinne so whom the Lord shall receiue to grace them he is sayd to iustifie that is of sinners to make them righteous this he doth by pardoning and discharging them from their sinnes For if we consider them whom God receiued to his grace by their workes they shal be founde b Rom. 9. 1. Iohn 1.8 sinners as yet which notwithstāding are and must be acquited and freed from their sinnes XV. Againe thus the forme of our iustification is this God doth remoue our sins from vs and imputes them vnto Christ and againe imputes the righteousnesse of Christ vnto vs consider this demonstration for thy better
iustification is by grace so as a sinner freed from damnation obtaineth righteousnesse and that freely by the pardon of his sinnes as appeareth in the three first sorts of men but also our proceeding therein so as our iustification is euer free and by grace which thing well appeareth in the fourth kinde of men which are both regenerate by Gods spirite and iustified by a liuely faith in Christ And thus God imputed vnto Abraham the father of the faithfull his faith for righteousnesse when as he had a Gene. 15.6 liued for many yeares in great holynesse of life This saith Habacuk also b Habac. 2.4 The iust shall liue by faith and Dauid c Psal 32.1 Blessed are they whose iniquities are forgiuen speaking of the godly which liue a holy vnspotted and blamelesse life before men Againe Paule saith that the d 2. Cor. 5.20 embassage concerning our free reconciliation with God must be continued among the faithfull And Christ is a e 1. Iohn 2.1 continuall mediator reconciling vs with his father and the efficacie or vertue of his death to f Ibid. 2. expiate the sinnes of the faithfull neuer dieth nor waxeth old XXVI And whereas the Schoolemen also say that good workes haue no such vertue in them to be sufficient vnto iustification but that their merite vertue to iustifie is by grace we must learne that there is no grace to worke our iustification but that only which moueth God in Christ to embrace vs and to iustifie vs by the merites of his obedience and satisfaction for vs. XXVII For God accepteth not our workes but so farre as we please him hauing put on by faith the righteousnesse of Christ that is which Christ purchased by his death for vs as is a Aphor. 23. before shewed Neither can works iustifie in part before God for God admitteth no righteousnesse of workes but that b Deut. 27.26 Leuit. 18.5 full and perfect obedience to his law XXVIII When they glory of workes of supererogation whereby they say full satisfaction is made for trespasses and sins committed how can they answer that saying of Christ a Luk. 16.10 VVhen ye haue done all these things which are commanded you say we are vnprofitable seruants we haue done that which was our dutie to do XXIX To be short concerning workes take heed of two things first put no trust in them next ascribe no glory to them XXX The Scriptures driue vs from all confidence in them teaching vs that all our righteousnesse a Esa 64.6 smels in the sight of God as filthie clouts and onely prouoke Gods wrath against vs. Now take away this confidence of workes all glorying must fall to the ground for who will ascribe any commendation of iustice vnto workes if confidence in them cause him to tremble in the sight of God XXXI Moreouer if we consider all the causes of our saluation we shall finde the grace of God to shine bright in euery one of them excluding the righteousnesse of our workes For the authour of our saluation is God the Father Sonne holy Ghost The Father first in that a Tit. 3.5 of his meere b Iohn 3.16 1. Iohn 4.9 and 10. grace free loue he sent his sonne vnto vs to redeeme vs from the dominioÌ„ of the deuill Next the Sonne in that of his free loue c Rom. 5.7.8 1. Iohn 3.26 towards vs he became d Rom. 5.19 Phil 2.8 obedient to his father vnto the death of the crosse and so hath satisfied e Rom. 3.25 1. Iohn 2.2 the iustice of God for vs. Lastly the holy Ghost in that he giueth vs f Ephe. 2.8 chap. 1. â—3 faith whereby we apprehend the iustice which Christ hath purchased for vs by his death The end also the Apostle saith is the g Rom. 3.25 manifestation of Gods iustice and the prayse of his h Ephe. 1.12 goodnesse XXXII And whereas the Saintes commend otherwhiles their innocencie and integrity before God this they doe not to the end to trust in the iustice of their workes in Gods iudgement and to rest their consciences as vpon a good foundation but either to testifie the goodnesse of their a Psal 7 9. Psal 18.21 cause against their aduersaries or to coÌ„fort themselues concerning their adoption b 2. King 20.3 1. Tim. 4.7.8 by the fruites of their faith and calling for that they rest on the onely fauour of God in Iesus Christ XXXIII Againe whereas the Scripture saith that the good workes and obedience of the faithfull doe cause the Lord to raine down many blessings vpon them we must vnderstand that good workes are so farre causes of Gods blessings vpon vs as the Lord by his former graces taketh occasion to giue vs more graces where note that they be not meritorious causes but motiues onely for speciall graces of Gods spirite going before for whom the Lord will glorifie them first he a Ephe. 5.26.27 sanctifieth that their corruption and wickednesse may not hinder their glorification In a word as Augustine hath well spoken God crowneth the workes of his owne hand in vs. XXXIIII Againe that our workes do not merite the grace of God may yet further appeare by these reasons folowing First for that they are full of a Esa 64.6 corruption next for that they are duties we b Luk. 17.10 owe vnto God thirdly for that they are not ours that is such as come from the streÌ„gth of our free will but the effects c Rom. 8.10 Ephe. 2.10 and fruites of Gods grace in vs. XXXV And whereas good workes please God and haue a a 2. Tim 4.8 reward it is not for any merite but for that Gods b Esa 55.1 goodnesse doth accept of them and reward them of his meere grace and mercy in Iesus Christ XXXVI Surely no Christian doubteth but that we must hold fast the groundes of Christian Religion and this is a fundamentall point or ground of ChristiaÌ„ doctrine that Christ is giuen a 1. Cer. 1.30 and c. 3.11 vs for our righteousnesse or iustification if this doctrine staÌ„d the iustice of our merites and workes being a flat contrary can not stand XXXVII There are two opinioÌ„s of Popery which are most opposite to that great ground of ChristiaÌ„ veritie The first is that there are some moral vertues or works which make men acceptable before God before they be grafted into Christ the second that Christ hath merited for vs the first grace that is an occasioÌ„ of meriting with God that then it is our parts to take the occasion when it is offered XXXVIII To conclude we must very circumspectly see to this that we build wisely vpon on that foundation for that doctrine is sound concerning good workes which is deriued from the doctrine a This is the method which Paule vseth in a maner in all his Epistles as to Rom. Gal. Ephes Phil. Col. c.
of faith folowing the same as the effect doth the cause For to this end are we iustified by faith in Christ that we may shewe our selues thankfull vnto God for so inspeakable a benefite by our continuall endeuour and care to serue God in all good workes and in all holinesse righteousnesse of life CHAP. XIIII Of Christian libertie I. APHORISME BEcause that Christians and the faithfull vnder the Gospell are freed a Rom. 6.14 from the law it foloweth now that we consider how farre this Christian libertie is extended and wherein it consisteth least any do wickedly abuse b Gal. 5.13 the same against the glory of God his owne saluation and the saluation of his brethren II. Christian libertie hath three partes to wit our freedome and discharge from the * Or condēnatiō of the law iustification of the law from the dominion of sinne and from the ceremonies of the law III. The first part of Christiā libertie is this that the consciences of the faithfull are freed and discharged from the a Gal. 3.13 and c. 5.1 iustification of the law that is from the necessitie of perfect obedience to the attaining of the legall iustice so consequently from that care and trembling because of the heauie curse and wrath of God which foloweth the breach of the law IIII. But no man may therefore conclude that the law is not necessary for the faithfull for they are euer a Rom. 7.12 taught admonished and moued therby vnto euery good worke albeit it can not charge their consciences before the tribunall seate of God V. The second part of Christian liberty is that Christians are freed from the kingdome a Iohn 8.34 36. Rom. 6.14 c 7. 22. and chap. 8. 2. 1. Iohn 5.3 and dominion of that sinne corruption which dwelleth in them so that henceforth they do no more hate nor flie from the law of God but are delighted therin because of Gods holy spirit which dwelleth in them VI. This blessed freedome yeelds two benefites the first is a holy trust and affiance in God that their a Malach. 3.17 obediēce hauing many wants yet is acceptable vnto God the second benefit is a chearefulnesse in performing our duties vnto God and this foloweth the former immediatly as the effect the cause these two points are very pertinent to Gods holy worship VII The third part of Christian libertie is that the consciences of the faithfull are discharged freed from the a Gal. 3.25 and c. 5. 13. Eph 2.14.15 Colos 2.14 and 16. ceremonies of the law that is from the necessitie and burden of the obseruation of the legal ceremonies as the eating of certain meats the obseruation of certaine feastes and the like Which things in their owne nature are but things indifferent b Rom. 14. so that it is little pertinent to godlynesse simply whether they be vsed or not vsed I ad simply for that in some respect and for some circūstāce the vse of such things might be profitable as shall after appeare in place conuenient VIII The knowledge of the doctrine of Christian libertie is necessary also for the faithfull as for peace of consciences so to auoyde superstitions IX But here notwithstanding obserue that the free vse of externall and indifferent things is not a Rom. 14. v. 14. and 22. granted them which as yet know not the doctrine nor be assuredly perswaded of the truth thereof but are caried with some superstitious opinion which causeth them to doubt of the vse of them X. The end and vse therefore of this doctrine is that we may vse the blessings of God without any scruple of conscience for that end for the which they are ordained and giuen of God for vs but euer moderating our selues in the vse of these things for the a Rom. 14.13 15.19.20.21 chap. 15. 2 1. Cor. 10.23 edificatiō of our brethren XI Wherefore seeing the a Rom. 24.5 peace of consciences is the true and naturall end of Christian libertie it followeth that they do greatly abuse the same which vse it either to satisfie their owne carnall b 1. Cor. 6.12 lustes or without regard of circumstances of time and place or any way c Rom. 14.3 and 10. in contempt of their weake brethren XII For albeit we must otherwhiles a Gal. 2. v. 3. 4 5. defend our libertie in the vse of things indifferent before men to represse the malice of some froward aduersaries yet we must haue a speciall care of weake b Rom. 14.1 13. and 20 and 21. Act. 16.3 Rom. 15.1.2 1. Cor. 8.9 13. c. 9. 22. brethren that we giue no offence to them XIII For the right vse of Christian libertie is to giue place to the ignorance and infirmitie of weake brethren and not to any a Gal. 2. v. 3.4.5 Mat. 1.5.14 Pharisaicall sowrenesse or rudenesse of hypocrites XIIII We must here take heed of that hypocrisie wherein a great nūber in this liberty regarde not the edification of brethrē but prouide onely for their a Gal. 2 1◠c. owne peace XV. And here keepe this rule Do not offend God for thy neighbours sake Vnder this generall rule are contained two speciall the first is this looke what we are bounde to doe that is what God hath commanded we must not leaue a Mat. 15.10 c. Iohn 6.51 c. Act. 5.28.29 vndone for feare of any offence or daunger that may ensue the same The second is this we must neither b Rom. 3.8 Gene. 12.10 chap. 26.7 Exod. 1.19 Ios 2.4.5.6 1. Sam. 21.24 purpose nor do any thing which God doth not permit XVI There is also another generall rule that loue towardes man giue place to the puritie of faith as if a man be bound to do any thing against his conscience or else the brother will be offended let the brother be a Luk. 14.26 offended rather then do any thing against conscience for as this libertie is vnder charitie so charitie vnder faith XVII Againe another consequent of this libertie is this the consciences of the faithfull are exempt and freed frō the a 1. Cor. 3.21 chap. 7.23 dominion and power of all men and this is that Christ may not leese that prayse and thankes giuing which is due to his bountifulnesse and goodnesse and that our consciences may not be depriued of the fruite of his liberalitie XVIII Neither must we deeme this libertie of cōsciēces in not being subiect vnto mā to be but a matter of small moment for that it cost a Ibid. and 1. Pet. 1.18 and 19. Gal. 5.1 Christ so great a price euen the price of his owne most pretious bloud XIX The better to vnderstand this doctrine we must note the difference betweene the spirituall and ciuill gouernement of men for by that spirituall regiment the conscience is instructed to serue and worship God but by the ciuill
vnderstanding God imputing vnto Christ the 1. Guiltinesse Of the beleeuer cause of his death 2. Disobedience 3. Corruption God imputing vnto the beleeuer the benefits of the 1. Passion Of Christ cause of his life 2. Righteousnes 3. Holynesse XVI The cause which moueth Gods mercy in our iustification is the a Rom. 3.24 25. Ephe. 1.7 1. Iohn 2.1 and 2. satisfaction and merite of Christ that is his b Rom. 5.19 Phil. 2.8 obedience vnto his father in his c Heb. 2.9 death for vs this obedience is d Rom. 4.6 imputed vnto vs for righteousnesse that is is accounted ours as if we had performed the same our selues XVII And to the end that this obedience and righteousnesse of Christ might be imputed vnto vs it was necessarie first that he should yeeld perfect obedience to the law of God himselfe liuing thereafter in all holynesse of life And to performe this it was necessarie also that he should be sanctified without sin from his beginning first conceptioÌ„ in his mothers wombe for if he had not bene a holy a Heb. 7.26 Priest and a b 1. Pet. 1.19 holy sacrificer he could not haue pleased God and so could not haue pacified him for vs. And yet further I ad that this our high Priest and mediator must be very c Act. 20.28 1. Iohn 1.7 God that the obedience of his death might be of price sufficient for our sinnes and meet to giue vs an euerlasting righteousnesse XVIII The doctrine of our free iustification shall then be comfortable and pleasant vnto vs when we shall present our selues as guiltie before the heauenly iudge and shall prostrate our selues and strip our selues as naked in his presence full of feare and care to be discharged from our sins considering the a Esa 33.14 perfection of Gods iustice and the b Iob. 4.17.18.19 imperfection of our righteousnesse yea the huge c Psal 19.13 Iob. 15.16 number and greatnes of our sinnes For thus come we at the last well prepared and ready to receiue the grace of Christ when we shal be truly cast down humbled with the liuely touch and feeling of our miserie and wants But contrarily such as either d Luk. 18.11 12.13.14 swell in the conceite of their owne righteousnesse or be drunke in the delights of their owne sins they liue in a secure contempt of Gods iudgement and shut vp against themselues the gates of Gods mercy XIX Furthermore if we admit not this doctrine of free iustification we shall rob God of his full a Rom. 3.19 and 25. 1. Cor. 1.30 and 31. Ephe. 1.12 14. chap. 2 v. 8.8.9 glory and our poore consciences of sounde peace b Rom 5.1 c. 8.35 Ephe. 3.12 and rest before his tribunall seate of iustice both which notwithstanding must be had granted XX. And we must further note that the whole course of our iustification is by grace and for our better vnderstanding in this point consider of foure sortes of men The first is of them which are neither inwardly nor outwardly called the secoÌ„d sort is of those contemners whom they commonly call Epicures which haue an outward but not an inward calling the third sorte is of hypocrites which desire some commendation of iustice by some shew of externall workes but specially by the ceremonies which appertaine to Gods worship these also haue their outward but not their inward calling the fourth sort of men are they which haue both an outward and inward calling whom Gods spirite doth regenerate by the Gospell and like these are none of the three former kindes XXI That the first kinde haue no righteousnesse but be meer vniust and impious before God hauing also no strength to do that which is good and to beleeue the promise of grace is very manifest euery where in Scripture as when al the sonnes of Adam are described in these wordes that they haue a Iere. 17.9 wicked rebellious harts that all the b Gene. 6.3 chap. 8.21 imaginations of their hart are only euill coÌ„tinually that their c Psal 94.11 thoughts are vaine that they haue no d Psal 36.1 feare of God before their eyes that not one of them doth e Psal 14.2 vnderstand or seeke after God Againe that when God doth enlighten vs with his knowledge he raiseth vs from f Iohn 5.25 death to life makes vs new g Ephe. 2.10 creatures that we be deadly and h Rom. 5.6.7.8 professed enemies vnto God before he receiue vs to grace in our iustification that we haue not loued i 1. Ioh. 4.10 him before he loued vs that we be not purged from our vncleanesse by the bloud of Christ till the k 1. Cor. 6.11 holy Ghost worke our inward sanctification that then we begin to passe from death to life when through Christ we receiue l Phil. 1.29 grace to beleeue XXII Now for the second and third kinde that they haue no iustice to stand before God may appeare also manifestly for that the vncleanesse of their owne consciences is proofe sufficient that they be not as yet regenerate by the holy Ghost and this also bewrayeth their want of faith Whereby it appeareth that they be not as yet reconciled vnto God nor iustified before him for that this grace none can attaine vnto but by faith XXIII The hypocrites chalenge some iustice because of their glorious workes and obedience to the ceremonies but they are so farre from pleasing God herein that they highly displease him because with vncleane harts they prophane his holy worship For workes can not a Hag. 2.12.13.14.15 Esa 1.11.12.13.14.15 Prou. 15.8 purchase grace with God for any person but contrarily workes please God after that the person first hath founde fauour and grace with God And for this cause Moses writeth that the Lord respected b Gene. 4.4 Abell and his ofâ—fring in which wordes he teacheth that Abels oblation did therefore please God because Abels person pleased him and that pleased him by faith without which 〈◊〉 it is imopssible to please God c Heb. 11.6 for that therby mens harts are d Act. 15.9 purified For which cause also Paule saith to the Hebrues that Abel e Heb. 11.4 offred vnto God a better sacrifice then Cain for that Cain was an hypocrite and so without faith XXIIII Lastly for the fourth kinde albeit man regenerate by Gods grace haue some a 1. Cor. 4 4. righteousnesse of workes yet the same is not such nor so perfect as that it can staÌ„d before the iudgement seate of God because all their good works are b Rom 7.14 c. Phil. 3.13.14 imperfect and c Esa 64 6. polluted with corruptions and their sinnes following do d Eze. 18.24 bury all the remembrance of their former righteousnesse and good life XXV By the premisses we now see that not onely the beginning of our
by sealing it perswades the truth of the promise and so confirmes faith V. Yet they do performe neither of both themselues by any vertue in them but in that the holy a Ephe. 1.13 14. chap. 4. v. 30. spirit worketh by them and his working is free b Iohn 3.8 so that he worketh where he will when he will and in what measure it pleaseth him VI. The Sacramentes some are of the old Testament some of the new VII The Sacraments of the old Testament were a Gene. 17. Leuit. 12. Circumcision b Leuit. 14. purifications and c Leu. 1.3.4.6 c. sacrifices of these the d Exod. 12. 2. Paral. 35. passeouer was a speciall Sacrament VIII Circūcisiō did illustrate the promise of grace vnder the type of cutting off of the foreskin of the flesh for by the circumcising of the foreskin was signified that the sins of the faithful were done away by forgiuenes of sins or free a Rom. 4.11 iustification Circumcision did also seale the promise of grace by applying the same to euery person so that the couenant of God was as it were sealed in euery mans c Gen. 17.13 flesh IX The purifications did illustrate the promise of grace vnder the type of washing for by them was signified that the sinnes of the faithfull were purged by the bloud a Leu. 14.7.8 of Christ and dayly are washed away by the holy Ghost X. The sacrifices did illustrate the promise of grace as being types of our a Leuit. 1.4 4.20 16.27.30 expiatorie sacrifice for by them was signified that Christ should b Heb. 9.26 28. c. 10.11.12.14 be slaine for an expiatorie sacrifice that is to satisfie for all the sinnes of all the elect XII The pascall lambe be not onely shadowed this as a sacrifice generally but also foreshewed some peculiar thing of Christes sacrifice to wit that his a Iohn 19.36 bones should not be broken and it signified that the soules of the faithfull did banquet and feed b 1. Cor. 5.7 and 8. vpō Christ as it were spiritually in a sacrifice that is they receiued hereby some feeling of Gods grace loue purchased for them by the sacrifice of Christ Againe it represented the holinesse of Christes sacrifice for it was commanded to be an c Exod. 12.5 vnspotted lambe XII But besides this shadowing of Christes sacrifice in respect whereof that ceremonie of eating the lambe was a Sacrament it was also ordained to a Exo. 12.27 prayse God for deliuerance out of the bondage of Egipt XIII And thus much of the Sacraments of the old Testament The Sacramentes of the new are two Baptisme and the Lords Supper XIIII Baptisme that a Col. 2.11.12 succeeded in place of Circumcision doth illustrate the promise of grace vnder the type of b Act. 22.16 washing for as by water the c 1. Pet. 3.21 filthinesse of the body is done away so by the bloud d 1. Iohn 1.7 of Christ shed on the Crosse and by faith sprinckled on our harts our soules are purged from sinne But Baptisme sealeth vnto vs the promise of grace in that euery one is washed in that water which is the Sacramēt of the bloud of Christ shed on the crosse XV. The Supper of the Lord which came a Luk. 22.15 c. in place of the passeouer doth illustrate the promise of grace partly by representing the passion b Luk. 22.19 1. Cor. 11.24 of Christ by the breaking of the bread by pouring forth the wine the c Luk. 22.20 shedding of his bloud and partly by declaring the efficacie of Christes death by this ioyfull d 1. Cor. 5.8 bāquet for that the soules of the faithfull sweetely banquet be cōforted in tasting of Gods fauour grace purchased by the death of Christ But it sealeth vnto vs the promise of grace in that the bread which is giuen to euery one of vs to be eaten is the Sacrament of Christes body crucified for vs and in that euery one of vs doth drinke of the cup which is the Sacrament of the bloud of Christ shed vpon the crosse for vs. XVI And the Supper of the Lord hath the nature not onely of a Sacrament but also of a sacrifice to wit of thankes-giuing as also the lambe which had this place before it For as that lambe was appointed to prayse God for their deliuerie from the bōdage of Pharao so the holy Supper was ordained to a 1. Cor. 11.26 prayse the Lord for our redemption from the power of the deuill by the death of Christ XVII But as the Sacramentes in respect of God are signes of grace towards his people so in respect of vs they be a Mat. 23.15 Act. 2.41 chap. 8.36.37.38 markes of our profession whereby we openly professe that we desire to be counted among the people of God and will worship onely the true God who hath manifested him self to his people as by the most sure word and doctrine of the Prophetes and Apostles so also by these Sacraments XVIII Of all these Sacraments the Scripture vsually speaketh a Gen. 17.10 and 11. Exod. 12.11 and 27. Act. 22.16 Mat. 26.26 and 28. Mar. 14.22 and 24. Luke 22.19 and 20. 1. Cor. 10.4.16 1. Cor. 11.24 and 25. metonymically that is attributing the names or properties of the things signified to the signes themselues which thing is done partly to teach vs the relation which is betweene those signes and things signified partly to signifie the truth certaintie of the working of those holy Sacramentes that the beleeuers should not doubt but that the things signified set before vs are as truly by the working of the holy spirit cōmunicated vnto them as they certainly feele that these diuine signes and seales which are named Sacraments are by the Minister of the Church giuen them XIX The difference of the old and new Sacramēts is not in the things signified for they in both are a 1. Cor. 10.2.3 4. the same but partly in the manner of signification and partly in the euidence of demonstration for the old signified and figured Christ to come but the new signifie and shew that he is come Again the new are more manifest thē the old because they represent a thing done and clearely preached by the Gospell XX. They erre that any way bind the things signified to the signes XXI As also they that attribute to the signes power to conferre grace which they onely seale and testifie XXII But the Papistes erre most shamefully in that they transforme the Lords Supper into the Masse teaching that by consecration that is by the muttering of the fiue wordes Hoc enim est corpus meum for this is my body ouer the bread the same is transubstantiated into or turned into the substance of the body of Christ as they say and by the offring vp of Christ thus created
assumption is false for b Psal 51.7 Dauid confesseth that he was conceiued in sinne and for that the infants of the faithfull are members c 1. Cor. 7.14 of the Church i◠followeth that they also are purged by the bloud of Christ and therefore we must graunt them the seale thereof which is Baptisme XI Lastly where they say that none in the Apostles time was baptized but he that made profession of his faith before that is true onely of such as were a Act. 2.41 Act. 8.12 Ibid. v. 37.38 of yeares but that the infants of such as professed the faith and were baptized were also baptized in like manner we haue before plainly proued in the 7. Aphorisme CHAP. XXVI Of the Lordes Supper I. APHORISME THe Supper of the Lord is the second Sacrament of the a Mat. 26.28 Mar. 14.24 Luke 22.20 1. Cor. 11.25 new Testament or couenant of grace wherein by the b Mat. 26.26 Mar. 14 22. Luke 22.19 1. Cor. 11.24 breaking of bread and powring of the wine into to the cup the passion shedding of the bloud of Christ is figured represented as it were set before our eyes and next by giuing taking eating and drinking of these elementes the c Mat. 26.28 promise of the d Iohn 6.51.53.54.58 remission of sinnes and life euerlasting purchased by the passion of Christ and by his bloud shed in a word by that his precious death the promise of their cōmunion e 1. Cor. 10.16.17 and c. 12. vers 13. as members with their head Christ Iesus is sealed to all the beleeuing worthy receiuers wherby it cōmeth to passe that the faithful sweetly rest in the fauor of God obtained for them by his sons death and so feed with f 1. Cor. 3.7.8 him spiritually and dayly grow vp in a holy communiō with Christ II. And that the holy Supper is a Sacramēt of the new couenant it may appeare by the very words of the institution which the Lord pronounced of the cup saying This cup is the new Testament or couenant in my bloud that is a Sacrament of the new couenant III. We call the Lordes Supper the second Sacrament of the new Testament in respect of Baptisme which is the first For like as in the old Testament there were two principall Sacramēts Circumcisiō the Passeouer so there are two in the new Baptisme and the Lordes Supper which directly answer them succeede in their places And as none was admitted to the Passeouer but the a Exo. 12.48 Circumcised so none must be receiued to the Supper but the Baptized IIII. The commandement of Christ contained in the institution is in these wordes Take ye and eate ye Take ye and drinke ye and do this in remembrance of me V. Againe it is manifest by the wordes of the institution that Christ vsed bread and wine in this Sacrament VI. In the breaking of bread in the Lordes Supper we follow both the Lordes a Mat. 26.26 Mar. 14.22 Luke 22.19 1. Cor. 11.24 cōmaundement and his b Ibid. example for the Lord did not onely breake the bread and so by breaking it did consecrate the same a Sacrament of his body but also commāded this bread so blessed so broken to be receiued and eaten as the liuely symbole and Sacrament of his precious body broken that is crucified for vs. And the c 1. Cor. 11.23 Apostle saith that he receiued of the Lord which he deliuered to the Corinthians concerning the administration of this Sacrament and this d 1. Cor. 10.16 breaking of bread he both commaunded commended vnto them To be short then the breaking of bread is an essentiall ceremonie in the Lordes Supper for that this is the principall end thereof to represent seale and set before vs the passion and breaking of e 1. Cor. 11.24 the body of Christ The same reason is of the powring forth of the wine if we cōpare it with the shedding of the bloud of Christ VII The passion of Christ is set before vs in this Sacrament in a liuely manner as by a Gal. 3.1 preaching of the Gospell VIII We receiue Iesus Christ and his holy spirite most comfortably by the word for it is Gods holy ordinance and instrument to cōuay his graces into our minds harts and consciences and that mighty power to confer and giue vs the spirite of grace the spirite of faith the spirite of adoption the spirit of sanctificatiō of wisedome c. IX But there is difference betweene the participation of Christ by the one and by the other for the Lord first by his word confers grace but grace and faith once giuen are strengthned and increase dayly by the Sacraments X. Againe the Lord by the word workes onely by one sense in vs namely the sense of hearing whereby comes knowledge so faith Rom. 10.14.15 And this sense in deede is now since the corruption of our nature the sense of learning and vnderstanding and so the principall to breed beget faith in vs but before the fall of Adam the sight I take it was the principall sense to receiue and learne wisedome and vnderstanding in the vewe and consideratiō of the workes of God See Bradfords Sermō of the Supper The Lord therfore in the Sacrament hath respect to the sight and all other senses for in and by the Sacrament the soule doth not onely heare Christ as in the word but also see Christ touch Christ smell tast and so feed vpō Christ and all his benefites XI The principall parts of this Sacrament are to seale and ratifie that promise of Christ wherin he assureth vs that his flesh is a Iohn 6.55 meate indeed and his bloud is drinke indeede to feed vs vnto life euerlasting and in that he saith he is the b Ibid. v. 51. bread of life whereof who so eateth shall liue for euer it is ordained I say to seale that promise and to this effect to send vs vnto the crosse of Christ where that promise was performed and fulfilled in euery respect For the flesh of Christ was made vnto vs the bread of life or that meate which quickeneth vs in that it was c Ibid. crucified for vs. XII This meate we can not eate but by a Iohn 6.35 faith and this drinke we can not b Ibidem drinke but by faith XIII Againe to eate the flesh of Christ by faith and to drinke his bloud by faith is to receiue by faith the promise of God which testifieth that the flesh of Christ was crucified for vs that his bloud was shed for vs that is for the remission of our sinnes XIIII The fruite which followeth this spirituall meate and drinke is a spirituall a Iohn 6.57 1. Cor. 5.8 ioy in God and the increase of our b 1. Cor. 10.17 communion with Christ for this dependeth vpon the confirmation of our faith XV. Againe
be without this holy Sacrament they be vnworthy of this holy communion for they be not in communion with God and his people 2 All vncleane beasts doggs swine I meane all in the Church of an vncleane beastly life such as the Apostle assureth vs cā not enter into the kingdome of heauen 1. Cor. 6.9 fornicators idolaters adulterers wantōs buggerers theeues couetous drunckards raylers extortioners a watch-word is added be not deceiued These be vnworthy our priuate feastes how much more to meet with vs our Lord and Sauiour Iesus Christ in this holy banquet Ignorant in the great grounds of Religion Heb. 6.1.2.3.4 5. 3 All ignorant people howsoeuer they may seeme harmelesse c. which cā not discerne the Lordes body 1. Cor. 11. v. 29. nor yet desire to discerne and know it No knowledge no faith no faith no loue no loue no affiance or trust in God no trust no feare no feare no humiliation want these graces or any of them no worship no accesse to God Heb. 11.6 Therefore these be vnworthy receiuers 4 Such as lightly account of the couenant whatsoeuer loue and zeale they pretend to the Sacramentes Such as despise the one are and must be prophane contemners of the other Psal 50.16 5 Some foolish wits pretend loue and great zeale to the word and yet neglect and contemne the holy Sacraments their contempt appeareth in the breach of the Lordes ordinance they seldome come to the Lordes Supper as they are bound to preach and celebrate with vs the blessed cōmemoration of the Lordes death vntill his comming againe 1. Cor. 11.24.25.26 6 All such as do not hunger for Christ Psal 32.5 Ephe. 1.15 Rom. 8.14.15 for they can not feed on Christ no knowledge of sinne no feeling of sinne no feeling of sinne no sorow for sinne no sorow for sinne no confession of sinne no confession of sinne no desire of grace no desire of grace no spirite of faith to receiue Christ no spirite of faith no spirite of adoption sanctification c. 7 All contentious brethren for this is a Sacrament of our vnitie badge of loue and a band of vnion and communion with Christ all his holy members 1. Cor. 10.2.16 Iohn 1.12 8 All vnbeleeuers for all such as want the precious faith haue no hand to receiue Christ they receiue onely as Augustin speaketh and as Iudas did panem Dominū the bread of the Lord not panem Domini the bread of life the Lord Christ 9 The faithfull also in regard of their frailtie weaknesse corruptions and manifold wants if they haue not duly truly and wisely examined humbled and so prepared thēselues to meet Iesus Christ they be vnworthy and so they cause many plagues many afflictions and euils in this life vpō their bodies soules that being iudged chastened here they may escape the condēnation of the world in the life to come 1. Cor. 11.28.30.31 And thus farre of vnworthy receiuers XXXIX That forme of administration of the Lords Supper is best which cometh nearest the simplicitie of the first institution is furthest from superstition wherin albeit there be some things indifferent yet the breaking of bread for the a Aphoris 6. causes before alledged may not be counted an indifferent thing XL. And albeit the Lord hath not appointed any certaine times for the celebration of the Lordes Supper yet reason so requireth that Christians haue it in often vse that they may oftē remember the passion of Christ by this commemoration confirme their faith and stir vp themselues to prayse magnifie the goodnes of God in the worke of their redemptiō finally to increase the mutuall loue to testifie the same one to another cōsidering the band thereof in the vnitie of the bodie of our Lord and Sauiour Iesus Christ CHAP. XXVII Of the Popish Masse I. APHORISME THe Papists faine that the Masse is a worke wherein the Masse-priest doth create or make his Christ of bread by buzzing or mumbling of these fiue words Hoc est enim corpus meum for this is my bodie And then offereth him to the Father as a sacrifice to expiate the sins of all quicke and dead for whom that Masse is celebrated II. This opinion of prophane Papistes is impious and blasphemous For first this reproch and disgrace is offered thereby vnto Christ that he is not the only a Heb. 5.6 and 7.24 Priest of the new Testament III. Againe this doctrine ouerthroweth the merite of Christs death as if the sins of all the faithfull were not perfectly expiate by that one a Heb. 9.12 and 10.12.14 sacrifice of Christes death IIII. Thirdly the Papistes by this assertion as much as lyeth in them do againe crucifie Christ in that they promise the remission of sinnes by the Masse and so set vp a new Testament and in that they say they offer vp Christ as an host or sacrifice vnto God For where there is a Testamēt there must needs be the a Heb. 9.16 death of a testator where an host is it must be slaine V. Fourthly this opinion or assertion doth depriue vs of the benefit of Christs death that is the remission of sinnes for if sinnes be pardoned by the merite of the Masse then surely are they not pardoned by the merite of the a Mat. 26.28 death of Christ VI. Fiftly the Masse doth vtterly euert and take away the Lords Supper for it cannot stand with it For in the Supper the Lords purpose is to giue a blessing a Ioh. 6.32 vnto vs but in the Masse men purpose to offer vp satisfaction vnto God Againe in the Supper the Lord testifieth vnto vs that we are must be daily b Ioh. 6.57 quickened by the onely sacrifice of Christ but in the Masse they faine that Christs sacrifice cannot profite vs if it be not iterated euerie day Thirdly the Supper is celebrated by the c 1. Cor. 11.18 10.17 Mat. 26.27 whole congregation but the Masse is celebrated by the Priest onely VII Moreouer the arguments which Papists vse for the defence of the Masse are of no waight as these following Christ sayd in the institution of the Supper Do this therefore he commaunded his Apostles and their successours to offer vp or sacrifice his bodie vnto God For so this word facere to do it say they is vsed euerie where in holy a Exod 29. Num. 28. Scripture and so it is found also with b Apud Vergil eclog. 3. prophane writers But I say it is no good consequent that because that word is elsewhere so taken that therfore it is also so vsed in this place Next that it must haue here another significatiō it is euident both by the coherence osentēces by the Apostle c 1. Cor. 11.26 Paules expossition that nothing else is signified but this Eate this bread and drinke ye of this cup. Againe those words were not spoken to the Apostles onely as Ministers of