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A69277 An exposition of the ten commandements of God vvherein the principall and most materiall doctrines are set downe; by Edvvard Elton, bachelor in diuinitie, and preacher of Gods word at Saint Marie Magdalens Barmondsey neare London.; Plaine and easie exposition of sixe of the commandements of God in tables Elton, Edward, d. 1624. 1623 (1623) STC 7620.5; ESTC S113641 75,017 260

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businesse of their ordinary calling is laid on them which could not be done the day before neither can be left vndone till the day after in this kind of necessitie men may labour on the Sabbath these cautions obserued 1 That their labour be with as little hinderance of them from publike holy exercises as possibly may be 2 That in labouring their minds be exercised in holy meditations 3 That they make not their work a work of gaine 1. King 19.8 1. King 20.29 Mat. 12.7 but a work of mercie or tending to a work of mercie 4 That it serue to the immediate preseruation of life health or goods 3 Workes of Christian libertie namely such workes as did belong to the strict rest which the Iewes were commanded to keepe on the Sabbath Mar. 2.27 Mat. 12.1.2.3 Luk. 6.5 and such as they might not do and yet we may do now vnder the new Testament as the dressing of necessarie food making of fiers making of beds which may be done on the Sabbath and not hinder the keeping of an holy rest two rules obserued 1 That they be done without hindering the doers of them at the least ordinarily from the publike holy exercises as when they are done in the time before or after or betweene the publike exercises 2 When the doers of them haue their minds exercised with holy and heauenly meditations 2. Sam. 23.15.16.17 Workes of pleasure which are either lawful in themselues and such as at other times may be vsed or simply in themselues vnlawfull at all times Workes of pleasure lawfull in themselues and such as at other times may be vsed which are 1 Either set solemne feasting and banquetting Isai 5.12 Luk. 21.34.36 as at mariages 2 Or some kinde of recreations and exercises of the body Set and solemne feasting and banquetting at mariages which hinder the keeping of an holy rest on the Sabbath When they are vsed on the Sabbath thereby Cookes and other officers are imployed in their ordinarie workes and are toyled exceedingly and those that do feast and banquet are hindered haue their minds withdrawne from the serious performance of holy duties both publike and priuate Some kinde of recreations and exercises of the body namely such moderate mouings of the body as be honest and carrie with them an honest and delightsome exercise of the minde Exod. 22.6 and serue to the refreshing both of body and minde as shooting c. which hinder the keeping of an holy rest on the Sabbath when they are vsed on the Sabbath especially at the time of diuine Seruice 1 Because labour in a mans lawfull calling which is more necessary and profitable is forbidden on the Sabbath Therefore recreation which is for labour and lesse necessarie though lawfull at other times must then ceasse when labour ceasseth 2 Labour in a mans lawfull calling is forbidden on the Sabbath because it hinders the keeping of an holy rest to God on the Sabbath therefore recreation though lawfull at other times is not to be vsed on the Sabbath it being no lesse but rather more an hinderance to the keeping of an holy rest vnto God on the Sabbath then bodily labour Workes of pleasure simply in themselues vnlawful at all times are either 1. Knowne sinnes as surfetting drunkennesse Isai 56.2 Ezech. 23.38.39 Rom. 13.13 whore dome and such like which hinder the keeping of the holy rest on the Sabbath when they are done on the Sabbath for then to commit any knowne sin is to keepe an holy day to the diuell and not to God 2 Or such as go vnder the name of sports and recreations as namely such delights as haue a manifest defiling of good manners in the doing or in the beholding hauing in them allurement and prouocations The extent of the prohibition It is extended to all men and women of yeares and discretion Deut. 5.14 of what place calling or condition soeuer in the world and to all other things that may be set on worke by them Deut. 22.4 especially the charge is layd on such as be superiours and gouernors whether in priuate or in publike as namely 1 A maister or gouernour of a family is bound to ceasse from doing such things and works as do hinder the keeping of an holy rest to God on the Sabbath not onely in his owne person but in all that be vnder him he is to looke to all others that be vnder his charge yea euen to strangers and guests that on the Sabbath be within his libertie and power 2 A gouernor in publike a Magistrate is bound to ceasse from doing such things and works as do hinder the keeping of an holy rest to God on the Sabbath not onely in his owne person but in all that be vnder his gouernment he must looke to all others yea to strangers that be within his libertie and iurisdiction on the Sabbath that they also ceasse c. And maisters and Magistrates must restraine such as be vnder them or strangers being within their libertie on the Sabbath from works of profite and works of pleasure by Commandement admonition reproof if these will serue the turne if not by correction and punishment 3 A child also of yeares and discretion Exod. 35.2 Ezech. 20.20.21 and a seruant is bound on the Sabbath to ceasse from workes of pleasure altogether and from workes of profite also altogether both in respect of his owne profite or the profite of his parents or gouernours vnlesse it be in a case of present necessity coming by the immediate hand and prouidence of God for then the child or seruant may worke the cautions before named being obserued Here added Psal 92.2 that the Sabbath containes twentie-foure houres as well as any other naturall day And that the Sabbath begins at midnight on Saturday and endeth at midnight next following Reasons annexed to the fourth Commandment perswading to the obedience of it are foure 1 From the Lords liberall allowance of sixe dayes for our owne workes and businesses Exod. 20.9 that in equitie we are bound to ceasse from our owne workes on the Sabbath because the Lord so largely imparteth sixe dayes of the seuen to vs and reserueth but one to himselfe 2 From the Lords owne right that the seuenth day is his day Exod. 20.10 and not ours and that he hath set it apart to himselfe and to his owne seruice 3 From the Lords owne example and practise Exod. 20.11 that he himselfe on the seuenth day rested from his worke of creation 4 From the hope of blessing that the Lord hath set apart the Sabbath Exod. 20.11 not only as a day of seruice to himselfe but also as a time and meanes of blessing to all that carefully and conscionably obserue it The end of the fourth Commandement The fift Commandment The affirmatiue part The fift Commandement containes a precept Honour thy father and thy mother And a confirmation of it by a promise
to the keeping of that holy rest we are to prepare our selues by thinking on the Sabbath before it come Luke 23.54 and so disposing of our selues and affaires that we may freely and duly attend on the duties of it when it is come and by rising early in the morning on the Sabbath fitting our selues for the performance of publike duties by taking account of our harts liues And the keeping of that holy rest vnto God standeth in doing the duties of the Sabbath with reuerence Isai 58.13 Deut. 33.3 as before the Lord of heauen and earth and with cheerefulnesse and delight both in publike and in priuate and the publike duties are either workes of pietie or workes of mercy Workes of pietie namely such spirituall workes as tend to the solemne publike worship of God which are 1 Nehem. 8.3.8 Luke 4.16 to 22. Act. 13.14.15.16 Act. 20.7 Act. 2.42 Act. 16.13 Psal 92. in titulo 1. Cor. 14.15.16 Coloss 3.16 A reuerent and attentiue hearing of the word of God purely and faithfully preached or read in the publike assembly 2 A ioyning with the Minister and congregation publikely assembled with assent of minde and feruent affection of heart in publike prayer and calling on the name of the Lord and in thankesgiuing and singing of Psalmes 3 A reuerent and frequent and often communicating in the Sacraments Act. 20.7 1. Cor. 11.20 publikely administred by the Ministers of the Church lawfully called Works of mercy which are these Collection is to be made for the poore 1. Cor. 16.1.2 Rom. 15.26 2. Cor. 8.3.4 and almes is to be giuen for the reliefe of the poore whether they be such as dwell among vs or those that be captiues and strangers The priuate duties to be done on the Sabbath are also either workes of pietie or works of mercie 1 Workes of pietie namely such as tend to the further edifying and building vp of our selues and others in knowledge and in grace holinesse and they are 1 Psal 119.11.97 Luke 2.51 A due and serious meditation on the word of God which we haue heard in publike labouring to apply it in euery part of it particularly to our selues 2 Examination and holy conference Act. 17.11 Mar. 4.33.34 Deut. 6.7 that we call to mind and examine things deliuered in the publike ministery of the word and conferre of them with our families and others 3 Iohn 17.17 1. Cor. 3.6.7 Iam. 1.5 Priuate prayer that we priuatly pray to the Lord and craue a blessing on his ordinances we haue bene made partakers of and giue him thankes for the good we haue receiued by them Act. 16.16 4 Deu. 17.19 Ioh 5.39 Reuel 1.3 Priuate reading of the Scriptures 5 Isai 58.13 Exod. 15.12 Iam. 5.13 Singing of Psalmes to the praise of God and to the stirring vp of spirituall ioy and chearefulnesse in our hearts 6 Psal 92.4.5.6 Meditation and due consideration of the workes of God especially his workes of mercie 2 Workes of mercie namely such duties of loue as concerne either 1 The good of the soules of our brethren as that we within compasse of our callings and according to the measure of grace and gifts 1. Pet. 4.10 1. Thess 5.11.14 do instruct exhort admonish reproue and comfort those that be about vs and others as iust occasion is offered 2 The good of the bodies of our brethren Nehem. 8.12 Mar. 3.3.4.5 Luke 13.10 to 18. Ioh. 5.8.9 9.14 as that we visite the sicke and do them what good we can releeue the poore and needy and such as be in prison or in any other miserie according to our abilitie 3 Or such as concerne the outward peace of our brethren as that we endeuour to preserue the good name of our brethren Mat. 5.9 1. Cor. 6.5.6 and labour to reconcile such as be at variance and discord among themselues The Negatiue part containes a prohibition and the extent of the prohibition A prohibition which forbids the doing of such things or workes as do any way hinder the keeping of an holy rest vnto God on the Sabbath Ierem. 17.24 and those workes are either workes of profite or works of pleasure Workes of profite namely the common labours of our ordinarie sallings and course of life and those are 1 Either such as are vsuall in the sixe dayes of the weeke 2 Or such as are vsuall at certaine peciall times in the yeare or moneth Such as are vsuall in the sixe dayes of the weeke which hinder the keeping of an holy rest vnto God on the Sabbath three wayes 1 When vpon the Sabbath our minds and hearts are taken vp with thoughts and cares about our ordinarie worldly works and businesses Isai 58.13 Luke 8.14 we are thinking of them plotting and casting how c. 2 When on the Sabbath Isai 58.13 Amos 8.4.5 we are talking and speaking of our ordinary worldly works and businesses in making bargaines reckening with seruants with labourers and workemen c. 3 When on the Sabbath we do our ordinarie worldly workes and businesses Exod. 16.28.29 Exod. 31.14 Nehem. 13.15.17 Ierem. 17.22 Mar. 16.1 in whole or in part be it neuer so little a part of them as setting forward any of our worldly workes against the day following Exception Yet some workes may be done on the Sabbath and not hinder the keeping of an holy rest vnto God on that day namely these 1 Workes that concerne the practise performance of the publike duties on the Sabbath Act. 1. ●2 2. King 4.23 Mat. 12.5 as namely such as are necessarily to be done in and about the publike worship of God and the actions of piety belonging to that day as 1 The Sabbath dayes iourney to heare or to Preach the word of God 2 The sounding of trumpets or bells and such like for the gathering of the people together at a certaine time 2 Workes of present necessitie Act. 20.9.10 namely such workes as concerne the immediate preseruation of the temporall life or liuelihood of man or beast or that serue to the good estate of either of them and that either in ordinarie cases or in such as fall out extraordinarily And present necessitie is twofold 1 That which men contract and draw on themselues as namely when men out of a couetous minde take on them more businesse in their calling then they can dispatch in the sixe dayes of the weeke or for want of wise and well ordering their busines it being such as if they would might be done the day before or the day following or when through negligence or forgetfulnesse they bring on themselues some ordinary businesse in this kinde of necessity men ought not to labour on the Sabbath 2 That which is layd on them by the immediate hand and prouidence of God as namely when not through any neglect ouersight or other corruption of their owne but by the immediat prouidence of God some