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A67549 The chiefest divine vertues epitomized, or, A compendious treatise of the three theological graces, faith, hope, and charity by Richard Ward ... Ward, Richard, 1601 or 2-1684. 1655 (1655) Wing W802; ESTC R12309 115,178 272

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a special gift of working Miracles or a certain perswasion springing from a special revelation and promise of God whereby a man firmly believeth that some extraordinary and miraculous work and contrary to nature shall come to pass by Gods power which he hath foretold or would have to be done in the Name of God and Jesus Christ Fourthly there is a Justifying Faith which is either I. Weak Mat. 6.30.8.26.14.31 Rom. 14.1 or II. Strong Mat. 8.10.9.2.15.28 Acts 6.5.8 Rom. 4.19 20 Heb. 10.22 What this Justifying Faith is is shewed in the next Question These four sorts of Faith differ thus the Miraculous Faith and the Temporary the wicked may have the Historical the Devils have and the Justifying only the Elect and faithful have Answ 2. I might answer That Faith is only twofold False and True I. There is a False Faith which is threefold Temporary Miraculous and Historical of which in the former answer II. There is a True Faith which is twofold Imperfect and Perfect First there is an Imperfect Faith which is either I. In knowledge when a man believing and holding the foundation of the Love of Christ and Religion is ignorant in the rudiments and particular grounds of Religion And II. In certainty when a man hath some probable perswasion and comfortable hope of his good condition but yet dare not certainly conclude of the certainty of his salvation Secondly there is a Perfect Faith and it is either I. Perfectly Perfect viz. when knowledge and assurance being absolutely compleat and perfect begets a hope without any doubting or an assurance never to be shaken by any temptation or tribulation at all or II. Imperfectly Perfect viz. when that confident assurance which a man sometimes hath is at other times shaken by affliction and temptation although never finally or totally destroyed Job 13.14 ●5 Rom. 8.38 2 Tim. 4.8 Note here these three things 1. The Perfectly perfect Faith was never in any save only in Christ 2. The imperfectly perfect Faith hath been and is in many and all true Christians should labour for it 3. The imperfect Faith may be in the Lords younglings and babes who are but newly regenerated Qu. 2. What is Faith or true Justifying and saving Faith Answ 1. For the answer hereof I will lay down these several particulars First Faith or believing follows illumination and the opening of the eyes as Numb 24 16. Ioh. 3.19.9.39 Acts 9. Secondly Faith is a habit or quality wrought by the holy Spirit Rom. 5.5 Eph. 1.13 whereby we are enabled to comprehend Christ Phil. 3.13 that is the Love of Christ Eph. 3. ●8 whence comes the act of confidence and assurance Eph. ● 12 and therefore to those who demand unde from whence Faith is we answer from heaven Joh. 3.27 Jam. 1.17 Thirdly Faith gives a new mind and a new life Gal. 2.20.5 ●8 25. that is I. It makes us acknowledge our duty and service and that we ought to serve God both in body soul and spirit 1 C●r 6.20 II. It makes us hate sin acknowledge our sinfulness and be ashamed of our sins and cohabitation and conjunction with sin and sinners Psal 120.5 Rom 7.24 III. It makes us seek the glory of God in and above all things whence comes a desire after good and unto every good work IV. It makes us ashamed of our childish affections and delights and teacheth us to contemn and despise the world with the vanities thereof V. It makes us to ruminate of heavenly things and to desire to be there Phil. 1.23 ●3 20 It makes us set our affections upon those things which are in heaven and to meditate continually of those joyes Animus ubi amat non ubi animat Aug. Fourthly Faith gives internal peace Rom. 5.1 that is assures us of our reconciliation with God 2 Cor. 5.19 And Fifthly spiritual and solid joy Rom. 8.37 1 Pet. 1.8 Answ 2. The Apostle defines Faith thus It is the substance of things hoped for and the evidence of things not seen Heb. 11.1 whence the Father described it as follows afterwards Fides quod non ●ides Faith is that which thou seest not or more fully Faith is the acquiescing of the heart in God as in the author of life and eternal salvation that is that by him we may be freed from all evil and made partakers of all good Psal 37.5 Isa 10.20 Ier. 17.7 or Iustifying Faith is a most firm and perpetual appropriation of the Love and Mercy of God through the merits of Jesus Christ to every penitent heart and faithful soul Or Faith is a sure and certain perswasion whereby we assent unto every word of God delivered unto us and whereby we are resolved that the Promise of the free grace of God for Christs sake doth belong unto us Or Fait● is a firm and certain knowledge of the good will of God towards us which is founded upon the truth of the free Promise of ●od in Christ which Promise is revealed to our mind and sealed to our heart by the holy Spirit Or Faith may be considered either according to the derivation or signification of the word First Grammatically Fides à fio dicitur fides quia fit it is called Faith because it is made and therefore Faith is twofold I. Active Faciens veritatem and is called Fidelity Hinc fides facta II. P●ssive credens veritati and is called Perswasio● hinc fi●es habita Secondly according to the Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 are taken either I. Actively and thus God is said to be faithful 1 Cor. 1.9 and his word to be faithful ● Tim. 3.1.4.9 and his Ministers to be faithful 1 Cor. 4 2. because God works Faith in his children by the Word and Ministers thereof Or II. Passively and thus they of the Circumcision and Timothie● mother and divers others believe in God Acts 10.45.16.1 2 Cor. 6.15 Now the question here is concerning Passive not Active Faith and it may clearly be thus defined True Faith is a certain perswasion of the Love of God given unto us from the holy Ghost by the word whereby being changed and renewed into new creatures we have Christ dwelling in us and leading us unto every good work 1. Faith is a certain perswasion Rom. 8.38 Heb. 10.22 2. It is given or wrought by the holy-Ghost Rom. 5.5 Eph. 1.18 3. The holy-host works Faith in us by the means and ministry of the word Iohn 17.10 Rom. 10.17 4 The holy-Ghost by the word having wrought Faith in us we become renewed and changed into new creatures Iohn 1.12 13. 2 Cor. 5.17 5. We being renewed and our hearts cleansed Christ vouchsafeth to dwell in and with us 2 Cor. 6.16.13.5 Galat. 2 20. Ephes 3.17 Apoc. 3.20 6. Christ dwelling in and with us our Faith becomes active and operative Gal 5.6 I conclude this Question with a double testimony Quid est fides nisi credere quod non vides August in Iohan. ●ides est voluntaria
fructifies true repentance and conversion is from Love and Love is from faith because it perswades that Christ is ours And II. Knowledge without faith makes us more indocible for an ignorant man is more easily perswaded to that which is good then a worldly wise man who is conceited of his own knowledge and wisdom and therefore III. Knowledge without faith is so far from helping or profiting us that it brings a greater judgement upon us Answ 3. Without Faith no man can gain Christ or the Love of Christ or until we believe in Christ we can neither be assured of his presence with us nor of his love to us nor of any interest in him Habak 2.4 Mark 3.5.6.5 Iohn 1.12 and 3.15 16 18 36. Acts 8.37 Rom. 1.7 c. unto 3.28 Gal. 3.11 4. Without Faith there can be no salvation or except we believe we cannot be saved Anima si credit est ad vitam immortalis si non credit ad poenam indissolubilis August If the soul believe in Christ it shall be preserved for ever in everlasting blessedness But if it be without belief it shall remain for ever in infernal wretchedness Fides religionis catholicae lumen est animae ostium vitae fundamentum salutis aeternae Chrysost in symbol That it is faith only which giveth salvation or that there can be no salvation without faith doth appear I. From these Scriptures Iohn 3.36 6 40 47. Rom. 3.22 25.11 20. 2 Cor. 1.24 Gal. 2.20 And II. From hence because we are absolved not by defending or pleading that we are just or righteous for if we should so say we should lye 1 Ioh. 1.8 but by proving our pardon and remission 1 Cor. 6.10 Psal 32.1 Tit. 3.3 c. Now neither our merits nor any thing that is ours can prove unto us That our sins are pardoned or procure unto us the remission and pardon of them And III. Christ is to be gained and apprehended Rom. 13.13 Now faith is the hand that apprehends him and the Anchor that lays hold upon him And IV. It is thus further cleared because other vertues graces and gifts are the fruits of faith as hope joy and the like and serve to confirm corroborate and augment faith 2 Cor. 10.15 And V. Because no works done out of faith can avail us unto eternal life A man void of faith may 1. Lament his sins committed as Cain Judas and Ahab did And 2. He may be true in his words and promises though he lose by it And 3. He may be charitable to the poor and rich in charitable works 1 Cor. 13.2 And 4. He may profess the truth and joyn himself to the society of Gods children as did Simon Magus Acts 8 and Saul when he prophesied 1 Sam. And 5. He may reverence the Word of God as Herod did Marke 6.20 All these and much more a man may do and yet not be one whit benefited thereby unto salvation because they may be in a man in his natural condition Qu. 28. How doth faith save us Answ 1. We are saved diversly For I. God the Father saves us primarily And II. God the Son saves us meritoriously And III. The Gospel of Christ saves us declaratively 1 Cor. 1.18 21. And IV. The Ministers of the Gospel save us instrumentally 1 Tim. 4.15 These are generals Answ 2. That saves us which adjoyns us unto Christ and engrafts us into him viz. which reveals Christ unto us Here are two actions viz. I. An immediate action but secondary namely faith whereby we apprehend Christ And II. A mediate action but principal namely the holy Spirit who teacheth us within to believe Rom. 8.16 And therefore we must say That the first cause of salvation is the work of grace in us but this work is neither righteousness nor joy but peace which ariseth from faith shewing unto us our reconciliation unto God Rom. 14.17 Answ 3. For the better understanding of the causality and order of our salvation observe three things I. Faith causeth righteousness as the tree the fruit and joy springs from them both II. This fruit of faith cannot give faith but only confirm it that is it encreaseth faith in him who hath it but doth not give it unto him who hath it not And III. Salvation and grace is wrought in this order at least ordinarily viz. 1. Faith is infused into the heart 2. Then there is a sincere desire to obey God and that in newness of life And 3. Then comes strength of grace which doth so raign that sin cannot domineer within or over us And 4. Then faith comes to be strong and certain and is both the beginning and ending 2 Cor. 10.15 And 5. Then from hence comes joy unspeakable and glorious Rom. 14.17 And therefore we may say that the work of grace in us saves us but I. We must not exclude faith neither say That the work of grace besides faith or over and above faith saves us But II. That grace working by faith saves us and this is consonant to the whole course of Scripture Qu. 29. When or wherein is Faith necessary Answ 1. In prayer or when we pray Mat. 21.22 2. When we hear the word preached Rom. 1.16 Heb. 4.2 3. When we are in any distress danger tribulation or trouble either by reason of enemies or evils Heb. 11. For illos Si fractus illabatur orbis Impavidos ferient ruinae Horac Those who trust in the Lord shall be free from the fear of evil even in evil times and from the malice of foes Suetonius Tranquillus telleth us that Titus the Emperour being advertised that the Consuls would kill him and usurp his Empire answered Even as without the divine will and providence I could never have possessed the Imperial crown so without their permission and sufferance it lieth in no mans power to deprive me of it for to us men it belongeth only to keep the Imperial jurisdiction and to the Gods alone to give and defend it Marcus Antonius would not believe that Avidius Crassus would ever have deposed him and his reason was Because the Gods had greater care of him then to let Crassus wrong him undeservedly Thus David Psal 11.1 I have put my trust in the Lord why say ye then unto my soul Flie as a fowl unto the mountains as if he would say True faith expels fear Qu. 30. How is true faith to be proved tried or approved Answ 1. By Examination 2 Cor. 13.5 2. By affliction Jam. 1.3 1 Pet. 1.7 3. By our Love and affection unto the Word Psal 119 81 97 111 113 131. For I. The word is the object of faith and the means both to beget and nourish it Rom. 10.15 1 Pet. 2.2 And II. Faith covets and desires to be wise unto that which is good and this the word works Psa 119.98 c. For 1. It teacheth us to obey Psal 119.9 105 133. And 2. It leads and brings us to God Christ and to the knowledge of heaven our Countrey 3.