the_o lawfulness_n and_o expediency_n of_o church-music_n assert_v in_o a_o sermon_n preach_v at_o st._n brides-church_n upon_o the_o 22_o d._n of_o november_n 1693._o be_v the_o anniversary_n meet_v of_o gentleman_n lover_n of_o music_n by_o ralph_n battle_n subdean_n of_o their_o majesty_n chapel-royal_a publish_a at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o steward_n london_n print_v by_o j._n heptinstall_n for_o john_n carr_n at_o the_o middle-temple-gate_n in_o fleetstreet_n 1694.5_o imprimatur_fw-la carolus_n alston_n r._n p._n d._n hen._n episc_n lond._n à _fw-la sacris_fw-la jan._n 16._o 1693_o 4._o psalm_n 100_o ver._n 1_o 2._o make_v a_o joyful_a noise_n unto_o the_o lord_n all_o you_o land_n serve_v the_o lord_n with_o gladness_n come_v before_o his_o presence_n with_o sing_v we_o have_v in_o these_o word_n a_o direction_n how_o to_o behave_v ourselves_o in_o the_o public_a worship_n of_o god_n and_o i_o have_v make_v choice_n of_o they_o at_o this_o time_n to_o justify_v the_o practice_n of_o our_o own_o church_n in_o her_o laudable_a use_n of_o music_n both_o vocal_a and_o instrumental_a in_o her_o solemn_a assemble_v which_o these_o two_o expression_n of_o make_v a_o joyful_a noise_n unto_o the_o lord_n and_o come_v before_o his_o presence_n with_o sing_v may_v be_v take_v to_o import_v or_o if_o the_o former_a be_v not_o so_o very_o plain_a here_o for_o instrument_n of_o music_n as_o the_o latter_a be_v for_o sing_v yet_o we_o need_v not_o doubt_n but_o it_o be_v intend_v because_o mention_n be_v make_v of_o they_o in_o so_o many_o other_o psalm_n of_o david_n and_o particular_o in_o the_o last_o psalm_n that_o none_o may_v therefore_o henceforth_o go_v about_o to_o separate_v those_o two_o thing_n which_o agree_v so_o very_o well_o together_o i_o will_v assert_v the_o lawfulness_n yea_o the_o fitness_n and_o great_a expediency_n of_o both_o vocal_a and_o instrumental_a music_n in_o the_o church_n during_o the_o solemn_a worship_n of_o god_n there_o but_o because_o some_o have_v be_v heretofore_o scandalize_v at_o it_o and_o other_o may_v perhaps_o still_o remain_v scrupulous_a about_o it_o i_o will_v first_o speak_v a_o few_o word_n in_o prove_v that_o what_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o holy_a man_n of_o old_a and_o what_o be_v recommend_v to_o we_o by_o the_o sacred_a scripture_n and_o what_o be_v so_o early_o in_o use_n in_o the_o christian_a church_n must_v needs_o be_v lawful_a notwithstanding_o all_o the_o objection_n or_o cavil_n that_o have_v be_v bring_v to_o the_o contrary_n second_o i_o will_v also_o endeavour_v to_o show_v that_o this_o practice_n be_v not_o only_o bare_o lawful_a but_o also_o high_o advantageous_a and_o great_o available_a towards_o the_o more_o magnificent_a and_o solemn_a worship_n of_o god_n that_o music_n have_v in_o it_o a_o natural_a propriety_n to_o excite_v and_o heighten_v devotion_n will_v in_o some_o measure_n appear_v from_o the_o very_a custom_n of_o the_o heathen_a who_o do_v always_o use_v it_o in_o their_o religious_a rite_n now_o even_o these_o have_v some_o light_n together_o with_o their_o darkness_n and_o be_v in_o the_o right_o concern_v a_o religious_a worship_n to_o be_v pay_v somewhere_o though_o in_o the_o wrong_n as_o to_o its_o object_n and_o do_v well_o to_o make_v their_o religious_a intercourse_n appear_v august_a and_o solemn_a though_o they_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o statute_n and_o ordinance_n of_o the_o god_n of_o israel_n now_o homer_n one_o of_o the_o ancient_a heathen_a writer_n give_v we_o a_o account_n that_o the_o greek_n celebrate_v the_o praise_n of_o their_o god_n and_o hero_n upon_o the_o harp_n other_o tell_v we_o how_o the_o phrygian_n worship_v cybelle_n with_o the_o drum_n and_o the_o egyptian_n isis_n with_o the_o timbrel_n and_o the_o three_o chapter_n of_o daniel_n enform_v we_o that_o the_o cornet_n flute_n harp_n sackbut_n psaltery_a dulcimer_n and_o all_o kind_n of_o music_n be_v use_v among_o those_o eastern_a nation_n in_o the_o worship_n of_o their_o idol_n the_o latin_n have_v also_o their_o tibicines_fw-la or_o player_n upon_o wind-musick_n upon_o who_o they_o set_v a_o great_a value_n and_o grant_v to_o they_o many_o privilege_n because_o they_o be_v assistant_n at_o their_o holy_a rite_n now_o although_o these_o example_n alone_o will_v not_o be_v thorough_o material_a to_o our_o purpose_n yet_o when_o in_o the_o sacred_a scripture_n we_o also_o find_v holy_a man_n in_o the_o church_n of_o god_n recommend_v approve_v and_o practise_v these_o thing_n we_o may_v safe_o from_o thence_o conclude_v that_o even_o these_o custom_n in_o the_o heathen_a be_v not_o any_o corruption_n of_o their_o heart_n or_o delusion_n of_o satan_n but_o a_o remnant_n of_o that_o natural_a light_n and_o natural_a religion_n which_o be_v still_o leave_v in_o they_o and_o teach_v they_o to_o imitate_v what_o by_o divine_a impulse_n and_o inspiration_n be_v at_o first_o teach_v the_o child_n of_o god_n and_o afterward_o by_o the_o ordinance_n of_o his_o prophet_n and_o religious_a king_n be_v continue_v and_o establish_v among_o they_o the_o first_o mention_n that_o be_v make_v of_o this_o thing_n in_o the_o scripture_n upon_o a_o religious_a account_n be_v before_o the_o law_n be_v give_v from_o mount_n sinai_n when_o miriam_n the_o prophetess_n the_o sister_n of_o aaron_n to_o celebrate_v the_o deliverance_n out_o of_o egypt_n take_v a_o timbrel_n in_o her_o hand_n and_o go_v forth_o with_o her_o woman_n with_o timbrel_n to_o accompany_v the_o song_n of_o moses_n exod._n 15._o 20._o after_o that_o we_o read_v in_o 1_o sam._n 10._o 5._o of_o a_o company_n of_o prophet_n who_o be_v meet_v by_o saul_n come_v down_o from_o the_o high_a place_n with_o a_o psaltery_a and_o a_o tabret_n and_o a_o pipe_n and_o a_o harp_n before_o they_o while_o they_o prophesy_v and_o sing_v praise_n to_o god_n in_o conclusion_n we_o read_v in_o 1_o chron._n 15._o 16._o that_o david_n the_o king_n appoint_v singer_n with_o instrument_n of_o music_n to_o welcome_v home_o the_o ark_n at_o its_o return_n from_o the_o philistine_n that_o he_o also_o compose_v a_o psalm_n upon_o that_o occasion_n and_o leave_v there_o before_o the_o ark_n of_o the_o covenant_n of_o the_o lord_n asaph_z and_o his_o brethren_n to_o minister_v before_o the_o ark_n continual_o as_o every_o day_n work_v require_v as_o we_o read_v 1_o chron._n 16._o 37._o and_o this_o be_v the_o first_o establishment_n of_o the_o thing_n that_o we_o read_v of_o this_o custom_n when_o afterward_o in_o the_o reign_v of_o evil_a king_n it_o have_v be_v neglect_v hezekiah_n in_o his_o good_a reign_n restore_v as_o we_o find_v in_o 2_o chron._n 29._o 25._o and_o he_o set_v the_o levite_n in_o the_o house_n of_o the_o lord_n with_o cymbal_n with_o psaltery_n and_o with_o harp_n according_a to_o the_o commandment_n of_o david_n and_o of_o gad_n the_o king_n seer_n and_o nathan_n the_o prophet_n for_o so_o be_v the_o commandment_n of_o the_o lord_n by_o his_o prophet_n to_o proceed_v yet_o on_o isaiah_n a_o inspire_a man_n and_o a_o prophet_n sing_v to_o his_o well_o belove_a a_o song_n of_o his_o belove_a touch_v his_o vineyard_n isaiah_n 5._o 1._o the_o three_o child_n sing_v a_o hymn_n of_o praise_n when_o they_o be_v cast_v into_o the_o fiery_a furnace_n and_o have_v that_o great_a miracle_n wrought_v for_o their_o deliverance_n the_o prophet_n habakkuk_n in_o lofty_a strain_n compose_v in_o just_a measure_n and_o fit_v for_o the_o skill_n of_o music_n assuage_v the_o public_a grief_n foretell_v the_o acceptable_a day_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o the_o complete_a triumph_n of_o christ_n passion_n yea_o all_o the_o prophet_n say_v st._n ambrose_n cantaverunt_fw-la spiritualibus_fw-la modulis_fw-la etc._n etc._n they_o sing_v forth_o the_o oracle_n of_o divine_a redemption_n in_o spiritual_a hymn_n and_o in_o melancholy_a dirge_n lament_v the_o hardheartedness_n of_o their_o own_o countryman_n the_o jew_n in_o the_o new_a testament_n we_o read_v that_o our_o saviour_n sing_v a_o hymn_n with_o his_o disciple_n a_o little_a before_o his_o passion_n matth._n 26._o 30._o and_o even_o in_o his_o high_a agony_n upon_o the_o cross_n he_o recite_v a_o part_n of_o one_o of_o the_o psalm_n of_o david_n psal_n 22._o 1._o my_o god_n my_o god_n why_o have_v thou_o forsake_v i_o paul_n and_o silas_n sing_v in_o prison_n at_o midnight_n act_v 16._o 25._o and_o the_o vision_n of_o s._n john_n do_v represent_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o church_n and_o even_o in_o heaven_n they_o sing_v the_o song_n of_o moses_n and_o of_o the_o lamb_n rev._n 15._o 3._o all_o antiquity_n do_v agree_v in_o this_o matter_n acquaint_v we_o that_o this_o be_v the_o constant_a practice_n of_o the_o primitive_a christian_n profane_a author_n together_o with_o sacred_a joint_o attest_v it_o of_o the_o first_o kind_n we_o have_v pliny_n the_o young_a who_o when_o he_o have_v inquire_v into_o
the_o error_n of_o the_o christian_n as_o he_o call_v it_o he_o take_v notice_n of_o no_o other_o prayer_n that_o they_o have_v but_o a_o verse_n or_o hymn_n to_o christ_n direct_v as_o to_o god_n the_o author_n of_o philopatridis_n also_o observe_v that_o the_o christian_n sing_v hymn_n etiam_fw-la tota_fw-la nocte_fw-la even_o all_o night_n long_o among_o the_o ancient_a father_n of_o the_o church_n we_o have_v justin_n martyr_n mention_v their_o hymn_n and_o clemens_n alexandrinus_n call_v they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d their_o daily_a liturgy_n and_o a_o cloud_n of_o witness_n may_v be_v bring_v for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o this_o thing_n the_o cathemerina_n of_o prudentius_n the_o ode_n of_o nazianzen_n the_o psalm_n of_o athanasius_n and_o apollinarius_n and_o the_o hymn_n of_o synesius_n all_o yet_o extant_a be_v so_o many_o stand_a proof_n of_o this_o matter_n and_o do_v sufficient_o declare_v how_o much_o the_o devotion_n of_o the_o ancient_a christian_n do_v consist_v in_o harmony_n they_o sing_v together_o in_o the_o church_n and_o they_o sing_v there_o also_o alternate_o for_o so_o philo_n mention_n they_o sing_v with_o a_o preceptor_n and_o the_o people_n answer_v the_o extreme_n or_o end_n and_o pliny_n also_o join_v with_o he_o to_o this_o effect_n they_o sing_v at_o home_n in_o the_o family_n and_o abroad_o in_o the_o field_n at_o their_o daily_a labour_n they_o sing_v in_o prison_n and_o under_o persecution_n yea_o and_o many_o time_n move_v with_o the_o spirit_n of_o god_n they_o sing_v forth_o hymn_n of_o praise_n even_o at_o the_o stake_n and_o amid_o the_o flame_n of_o martyrdom_n so_o that_o for_o the_o first_o of_o these_o vocal_a music_n i_o suppose_v there_o can_v be_v no_o objection_n raise_v against_o it_o or_o any_o doubt_n but_o that_o it_o be_v ever_o use_v in_o the_o christian_n as_o well_o as_o the_o jewish_a church_n but_o there_o lie_v a_o exception_n which_o some_o have_v frame_v against_o instrumental_a music_n 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mother_n to_o the_o church_n if_o it_o be_v so_o for_o a_o season_n we_o may_v and_o aught_o to_o look_v upon_o it_o as_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o first_o christian_n rather_o than_o their_o choice_n and_o that_o they_o have_v not_o wherewithal_o to_o be_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o these_o aid_n and_o ornament_n to_o their_o religious_a worship_n rather_o than_o that_o they_o withhold_v the_o expense_n because_o they_o think_v it_o unlawful_a or_o unbecoming_a their_o assembly_n for_o no_o soon_o do_v the_o church_n begin_v to_o flourish_v but_o they_o grow_v into_o use_n and_o esteem_v and_o we_o read_v of_o st._n ambrose_n who_o live_v about_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o four_o century_n soon_o after_o the_o time_n of_o constantine_n and_o who_o it_o be_v also_o say_v compose_v the_o te_fw-la deum_fw-la the_o same_o hymn_n of_o praise_n which_o we_o still_o retain_v in_o our_o liturgy_n direct_v to_o the_o glorious_a trinity_n that_o he_o join_v instrument_n of_o music_n with_o the_o public_a service_n in_o the_o cathedral_n church_n of_o milan_n where_o he_o be_v then_o bishop_n which_o example_n of_o his_o be_v so_o well_o approve_v of_o that_o by_o degree_n it_o become_v the_o general_a practice_n of_o other_o church_n thereabouts_o and_o have_v since_o obtain_v in_o almost_o all_o the_o christian_a world_n beside_o second_o other_o have_v refer_v this_o to_o another_o cause_n namely_o that_o as_o inspiration_n in_o sing_v psalm_n which_o be_v doubtless_o a_o extraordinary_a gift_n common_a to_o the_o primitive_a christian_n begin_v to_o cease_v instrument_n and_o skill_n be_v bring_v in_o in_o its_o room_n even_o as_o learning_n and_o ordinary_a mean_n take_v place_n instead_o of_o extraordinary_a gift_n and_o this_o also_o may_v be_v another_o reason_n why_o instrumental_a music_n be_v not_o so_o much_o in_o use_n at_o first_o as_o it_o be_v afterward_o now_o both_o these_o thing_n together_o if_o one_o of_o they_o alone_o be_v not_o sufficient_a i_o hope_v may_v pass_v for_o a_o good_a answer_n to_o that_o exception_n that_o have_v be_v take_v by_o some_o from_o that_o passage_n in_o justin_n or_o any_o other_o of_o a_o like_a kind_n if_o any_o such_o be_v find_v in_o the_o most_o ancient_a father_n to_o this_o i_o may_v add_v far_o that_o the_o new_a testament_n be_v not_o without_o some_o text_n which_o seem_v to_o point_v out_o this_o thing_n as_o in_o rev._n 14._o 2._o where_o the_o voice_n of_o harper_n harp_v with_o their_o harp_n be_v mention_v which_o place_n be_v ordinary_o expound_v of_o public_a worship_n in_o the_o church_n and_o again_o in_o the_o epistle_n of_o st._n paul_n to_o the_o eph._n 5._o 19_o the_o apostle_n there_o speak_v of_o psalm_n and_o hymn_n and_o spiritual_a song_n add_v in_o the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o verse_n the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o as_o the_o former_a word_n signify_v only_o sing_v so_o this_o latter_a do_v proper_o denote_v the_o use_n of_o the_o psaltery_a but_o notwithstanding_o all_o these_o thing_n we_o find_v the_o annotation_n which_o in_o the_o geneva_n bibles_n be_v affix_v to_o the_o three_o verse_n of_o the_o 150._o psalm_n run_v thus_o david_n make_v mention_n of_o those_o instrument_n which_o by_o god_n commandment_n be_v appoint_v in_o the_o old_a law_n but_o under_o christ_n the_o use_n thereof_o be_v abolish_v in_o the_o church_n now_o this_o indeed_o be_v very_o peremptory_o say_v but_o without_o offer_v we_o any_o proof_n of_o the_o thing_n however_o i_o will_v examine_v a_o objection_n which_o be_v most_o common_o bring_v by_o those_o man_n who_o side_n with_o the_o man_n of_o geneva_n in_o this_o matter_n and_o endeavour_v to_o show_v you_o its_o defect_n now_o the_o objection_n be_v that_o instrumental_a music_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o ceremonial_a law_n of_o moses_n which_o vanish_v with_o christ_n but_o it_o be_v a_o great_a mistake_n in_o any_o who_o look_v upon_o this_o as_o a_o thing_n of_o this_o nature_n for_o have_v it_o real_o be_v such_o it_o will_v either_o have_v be_v a_o type_n of_o christ_n or_o at_o least_o it_o will_v have_v be_v of_o moses_n his_o institution_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v neither_o the_o one_o nor_o the_o other_o not_o a_o type_n because_o its_o representation_n can_v be_v set_v forth_o not_o of_o moses_n his_o institution_n because_o in_o his_o time_n it_o bear_v no_o part_n in_o the_o sanctuary_n we_o read_v indeed_o of_o trumpet_n upon_o mount_n sinai_n which_o be_v to_o assemble_v the_o people_n together_o and_o for_o the_o like_a use_n they_o be_v appoint_v unto_o moses_n as_o we_o read_v numb_a 10._o 2._o for_o the_o call_n of_o the_o assembly_n and_o the_o journey_v of_o the_o camp_n but_o they_o go_v no_o far_o in_o his_o day_n so_o that_o this_o objection_n if_o it_o be_v of_o any_o force_n shall_v rather_o be_v against_o our_o bell_n that_o call_v we_o to_o church_n than_o our_o organ_n or_o other_o instrument_n that_o accompany_v our_o psalm_n and_o anthem_n when_o we_o be_v there_o and_o yet_o i_o have_v not_o hear_v that_o any_o be_v offend_v with_o the_o former_a and_o i_o hope_v there_o be_v as_o little_a cause_n why_o they_o shall_v be_v so_o with_o the_o latter_a for_o in_o short_a it_o be_v not_o moses_n but_o david_n who_o first_o apply_v instrument_n of_o music_n to_o religious_a purpose_n as_o i_o have_v before_o show_v and_o this_o he_o may_v do_v partly_o out_o of_o a_o sense_n of_o natural_a religion_n and_o also_o far_o as_o we_o may_v pious_o believe_v he_o be_v a_o inspire_a man_n and_o a_o prophet_n by_o the_o spirit_n of_o god_n and_o his_o example_n be_v the_o first_o of_o the_o kind_n which_o our_o own_o church_n do_v follow_v and_o which_o we_o look_v upon_o as_o authentic_a in_o
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but_o what_o may_v be_v say_v against_o tune_n and_o melody_n of_o voice_n and_o whereas_o some_o say_v that_o they_o find_v it_o to_o do_v they_o harm_n yet_o all_o wise_a man_n say_v they_o find_v it_o to_o do_v they_o good_a and_o why_o shall_v the_o experience_n of_o some_o prejudice_v self-conceited_a person_n or_o of_o a_o half_a man_n that_o know_v not_o what_o melody_n be_v be_v set_v against_o the_o experience_n of_o all_o other_o and_o deprive_v they_o of_o such_o help_n and_o mercy_n as_o these_o people_n say_v they_o find_v no_o benefit_n by_o thus_o far_o and_o more_o to_o this_o effect_n be_v say_v by_o he_o upon_o this_o subject_a which_o now_o lead_v i_o to_o the_o second_o thing_n i_o propose_v viz._n the_o advantage_n that_o do_v redound_v from_o hence_o and_o how_o it_o be_v high_o conduce_v towards_o the_o more_o magnificent_a and_o solemn_a worship_n of_o god_n musical_a harmony_n whether_o by_o voice_n or_o instrument_n but_o especial_o by_o both_o together_o be_v so_o please_a and_o agreeable_a to_o that_o part_n of_o man_n which_o be_v most_o divine_a that_o some_o philosopher_n have_v call_v the_o soul_n harmony_n all_o have_v agree_v it_o to_o have_v a_o complete_a share_n of_o harmony_n in_o it_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o melody_n be_v a_o thing_n which_o delight_v all_o age_n and_o become_v all_o state_n of_o life_n it_o be_v as_o seasonable_a in_o sorrow_n as_o in_o joy_n as_o suitable_a a_o attendant_n on_o public_a action_n as_o divert_v in_o private_a recreation_n as_o capable_a to_o raise_v devotion_n as_o to_o procure_v delight_n and_o as_o subservient_fw-fr to_o the_o end_n of_o religion_n as_o conducive_a to_o the_o pleasure_n of_o society_n the_o reason_n hereof_o according_a to_o the_o judicious_a mr._n hooker_n be_v a_o admirable_a faculty_n which_o be_v in_o music_n to_o express_v and_o represent_v to_o the_o mind_n more_o inward_o than_o any_o other_o sensible_a thing_n the_o rise_n and_o fall_v the_o turn_v and_o variety_n of_o all_o passion_n whereunto_o the_o soul_n be_v subject_a yea_o and_o so_o to_o imitate_v they_o that_o whether_o it_o resemble_v the_o same_o state_n we_o be_v in_o or_o a_o contrary_a we_o be_v not_o more_o content_o confirm_v by_o the_o one_o than_o change_v and_o lead_v away_o by_o the_o other_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o some_o sort_n of_o harmony_n be_v apt_a to_o move_v and_o stir_v our_o affection_n other_o to_o draw_v we_o to_o a_o grave_n and_o sober_a mediocrity_n and_o there_o be_v that_o will_v carry_v we_o into_o ecstasy_n fill_v the_o mind_n with_o a_o heavenly_a joy_n so_o that_o although_o we_o shall_v lay_v aside_o the_o subject-matter_n of_o the_o psalm_n or_o hymn_n yet_o even_o the_o very_a harmony_n of_o sound_n be_v carry_v from_o the_o ear_n to_o the_o spiritual_a faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n be_v by_o a_o native_a power_n great_o available_a to_o bring_v to_o a_o perfect_a temper_n whatsoever_o be_v there_o trouble_v apt_a as_o well_o to_o quicken_v the_o 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ancient_a father_n of_o the_o church_n who_o find_v the_o benefit_n of_o it_o in_o their_o religious_a exercise_n and_o have_v thus_o commend_v it_o to_o we_o first_o justin_n martyr_n say_v of_o the_o single_a or_o plain_a song_n which_o only_o be_v in_o use_n in_o his_o time_n that_o it_o stir_v up_o the_o mind_n with_o a_o certain_a pleasure_n unto_o a_o ardent_a desire_n of_o that_o which_o be_v celebrate_v in_o the_o song_n that_o it_o allay_v the_o desire_n and_o affection_n of_o the_o flesh_n that_o it_o drive_v away_o evil_a thought_n and_o make_v the_o mind_n pregnant_a and_o apt_a to_o bring_v forth_o holy_a and_o divine_a fruit_n that_o it_o make_v the_o generous_a contender_n in_o piety_n valiant_a and_o strong_a in_o adversity_n and_o bring_v a_o medicine_n and_o remedy_n to_o all_o the_o evil_a accident_n of_o our_o life_n he_o also_o add_v that_o st._n paul_n in_o his_o spiritual_a armoury_n call_v this_o the_o sword_n of_o the_o spirit_n for_o it_o be_v all_o of_o it_o 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