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word_n proper_a sense_n signification_n 2,806 5 9.7840 5 false
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A66613 Reports of that reverend and learned judge, Sir Humphry Winch Knight sometimes one of the judges of the Court of Common Pleas : containing many choice cases, and excellent matters touching declarations, pleadings, demurrers, judgements, and resolutions in points of law, in the foure last years of the raign of King James, faithfully translated out of an exact french copie, with two alphabetical, and necessary table, the one of the names of the cases, the other of the principal matters contained in this book. England and Wales. Court of Common Pleas.; Winch, Humphrey, Sir, 1555?-1625. 1657 (1657) Wing W2964; ESTC R8405 191,688 144

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arrest_n of_o judgement_n by_o hitcham_n for_o where_o word_n may_v be_v take_v in_o a_o double_a sense_n one_o actionable_a and_o another_o not_o actionable_a they_o shall_v all_o time_n be_v take_v in_o the_o better_a sense_n and_o in_o our_o case_n to_o take_v furze_n may_v be_v felony_n and_o it_o may_v be_v not_o felony_n for_o if_o they_o be_v grow_v they_o be_v not_o felony_n and_o it_o shall_v be_v intend_v that_o they_o be_v grow_v rather_o than_o cut_v down_o and_o no_o man_n will_v presume_v that_o any_o will_v take_v 20._o load_n of_o furze_n with_o a_o fellonius_fw-la intent_n because_o the_o carriage_n of_o they_o be_v visible_a to_o all_o the_o world_n for_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v intend_v that_o he_o carry_v those_o in_o the_o night_n and_o so_o he_o pray_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n may_v be_v bar_v attoe_n sergeant_n contrary_a word_n which_o imply_v a_o double_a signification_n shall_v be_v take_v in_o the_o worse_a sense_n which_o tend_v most_o to_o the_o disgrace_n of_o the_o party_n for_o they_o shall_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v speak_v in_o malice_n and_o so_o with_o a_o purpose_n to_o defame_v the_o party_n and_o he_o cite_v a_o case_n trin._n 2._o jac._n b._n r._n rot._n 663._o kellam_n against_o mone_a thou_o be_v a_o thief_n and_o have_v steal_v my_o corn_n and_o adjudge_v to_o be_v actionable_a hobert_n warberton_n and_o winch_n contrary_a for_o word_n shall_v be_v take_v in_o the_o better_a sense_n and_o not_o in_o a_o strain_a sense_n to_o punish_v the_o party_n which_o speak_v they_o as_o if_o one_o say_v to_o another_o i_o wonder_v you_o will_v eat_v or_o drink_v with_o he_o for_o he_o have_v the_o pox_n now_o every_o one_o that_o hear_v that_o will_v suppose_v that_o he_o mean_v the_o french_a pox_n and_o yet_o in_o
son_n and_o his_o wife_n and_o upon_o a_o demurrer_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o this_o covenant_n do_v raise_v a_o present_a use_n to_o the_o son_n and_o to_o his_o wife_n or_o whether_o this_o only_a rest_n in_o covenant_n and_o harris_n sergeant_n argue_v that_o no_o present_a use_n will_v arise_v by_o this_o covenant_n for_o first_o all_o other_o covenant_n in_o the_o indenture_n be_v in_o the_o future_a for_o the_o word_n be_v that_o the_o land_n shall_v remain_v and_o come_v etc._n etc._n and_o therefore_o till_o the_o death_n of_o the_o covenantor_n the_o fee_n simple_a be_v in_o he_o and_o no_o use_n will_v arise_v for_o it_o shall_v be_v in_o the_o election_n of_o the_o covenantor_n what_o estate_n he_o will_v make_v to_o his_o son_n for_o he_o himself_o shall_v interpret_v his_o intent_n and_o the_o difference_n in_o our_o book_n be_v when_o the_o word_n be_v in_o the_o present_a tense_n and_o when_o in_o the_o future_a and_o for_o this_o he_o cite_v 22._o h._n 7._o by_o justice_n reed_n if_o a_o man_n covenant_n that_o land_n shall_v descend_v remain_v or_o revert_v he_o say_v this_o do_v not_o give_v any_o present_a interest_n because_o the_o worse_a be_v in_o the_o future_a and_o it_o be_v in_o the_o election_n of_o the_o covenantor_n how_o and_o in_o what_o manner_n the_o land_n shall_v pass_v and_o there_o he_o put_v the_o case_n that_o if_o i_o give_v my_o horse_n or_o my_o cow_n to_o i._o s._n there_o the_o donee_n have_v election_n to_o take_v at_o his_o pleasure_n the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o because_o the_o word_n be_v in_o the_o present_a tense_n but_o if_o the_o word_n be_v that_o i_o will_v give_v a_o horse_n or_o a_o cow_n there_o the_o donor_n have_v election_n which_o he_o shall_v have_v because_o the_o word_n be_v in_o the_o future_a the_o lord_n borroughs_n covenant_v 34._o h._n 8._o dyer_n 55._o with_o another_o in_o frank_a marriage_n with_o his_o son_n that_o immediate_o after_o his_o death_n his_o son_n shall_v enjoy_v the_o use_n of_o his_o land_n of_o inheritance_n according_a to_o the_o course_n as_o then_o they_o stand_v and_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o see_v simple_a be_v present_o out_o of_o the_o covenantor_n and_o the_o opinion_n be_v that_o it_o be_v not_o because_o it_o be_v but_o a_o covenant_n and_o do_v not_o change_v the_o fee_n simple_a and_o so_o be_v dyer_n 96._o sir_n thomas_n seymor_n promise_v and_o covenant_v by_o indenture_n in_o consideration_n that_o the_o covenantee_n have_v grant_v land_n to_o he_o that_o he_o will_v levy_v a_o fine_a to_o wimbish_n and_o pennoy_n of_o other_o land_n which_o fine_a shall_v be_v to_o sir_n thomas_n seymor_n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o covenantee_n in_o tail_n and_o no_o fine_a be_v levy_v and_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o any_o use_n be_v raise_v by_o this_o covenant_n to_o the_o covenantee_n and_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o book_n be_v that_o not_o because_o it_o be_v in_o the_o future_a and_o he_o cite_v the_o 20._o h._n 7._o 10._o the_o duke_n of_o buckingham_n in_o consideration_n that_o the_o lord_n henry_n his_o brother_n be_v to_o marry_v the_o lady_n wiltshire_n he_o covenant_v with_o bray_n and_o with_o other_o that_o the_o manor_n of_o d._n and_o of_o s._n shall_v be_v to_o the_o lady_n and_o to_o her_o heir_n of_o her_o body_n beget_v by_o the_o say_a lord_n and_o after_o the_o duke_n grant_v to_o the_o lord_n henry_n and_o his_o wife_n for_o their_o life_n and_o it_o be_v argue_v whether_o this_o second_o grant_n be_v good_a or_o no_o for_o if_o it_o be_v than_o the_o first_o covenant_n will_v not_o work_v to_o raise_v a_o use_n to_o the_o feme_fw-fr and_o the_o book_n leave_v that_o as_o a_o quere_z and_o if_o it_o be_v than_o he_o argue_v that_o in_o the_o principal_a case_n no_o present_a use_n be_v raise_v but_o that_o this_o rest_v mere_o in_o covenant_n and_o so_o he_o pray_v judgement_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n sergeant_n hendon_n to_o the_o contrary_a for_o he_o think_v this_o will_v raise_v a_o present_a use_n and_o that_o this_o be_v the_o intent_n of_o the_o party_n that_o this_o shall_v raise_v a_o present_a use_n for_o the_o intent_n be_v to_o advance_v they_o first_o during_o their_o life_n with_o the_o rent_n and_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o covenantor_n and_o his_o wife_n with_o the_o land_n itself_o and_o therefore_o of_o necessity_n this_o will_v raise_v a_o present_a use_n for_o a_o bare_a action_n of_o covenant_n may_v not_o be_v any_o advancement_n at_o all_o and_o the_o rather_o here_o because_o they_o who_o take_v benefit_n of_o this_o be_v stranger_n to_o the_o covenant_n and_o not_o preston_n himself_o for_o as_o it_o appear_v by_o 3._o h._n 7._o a_o stranger_n shall_v not_o take_v benefit_n by_o a_o covenant_n and_o therefore_o he_o say_v the_o intention_n of_o the_o party_n be_v to_o raise_v a_o use_n for_o otherwise_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o advancement_n at_o all_o and_o further_o the_o word_n in_o the_o indenture_n be_v covenant_n and_o grant_n and_o if_o no_o use_n be_v raise_v than_o this_o word_n grant_n be_v idle_a and_o every_o word_n shall_v be_v so_o expound_v that_o they_o may_v take_v effect_n and_o the_o word_n covenant_n be_v insufficient_a of_o itself_o to_o pass_v a_o estate_n in_o land_n or_o to_o have_v any_o estate_n in_o signification_n other_o then_o to_o a_o mere_a covenant_n and_o to_o be_v obligatory_a as_o be_v put_v co._n 2._o cromwel_n case_n tirrel_n case_n there_o vouch_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n provide_v and_o it_o be_v covenant_v and_o agree_v there_o the_o covenant_n be_v a_o condition_n and_o also_o a_o covenant_n and_o 8._o ass_n 1._o 12._o it_o be_v agree_v that_o if_o i_o covenant_n that_o a_o other_o shall_v have_v my_o land_n for_o 7._o year_n this_o a_o good_a lease_n of_o the_o land_n itself_o and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v here_o tr._n 2._o jac._n rot._n 1696._o according_o and_o in_o our_o case_n this_o word_n covenant_n and_o grant_n be_v also_o sufficient_a to_o raise_v a_o use_n and_o to_o give_v a_o interest_n in_o the_o land_n itself_o and_o yet_o he_o agree_v that_o if_o there_o be_v a_o other_o act_n to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o covenantor_n or_o the_o covenantee_n that_o then_o no_o use_n will_v arise_v but_o it_o shall_v rest_v only_o in_o covenant_n dyer_n 162._o there_o be_v covenant_n between_o the_o lady_n vere_n and_o sir_n anthony_n wingfield_n her_o son_n that_o the_o say_a lady_n will_v convey_v to_o her_o son_n by_o a_o recovery_n and_o that_o after_o 6._o month_n the_o say_a sir_n anthony_n shall_v make_v a_o estate_n to_o his_o mother_n for_o life_n and_o there_o it_o be_v doubt_v whether_o the_o use_n be_v change_v within_o the_o 6._o month_n and_o it_o be_v hold_v that_o it_o be_v not_o c.p._n mich._n 20._o jac._n c.p._n for_o than_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o the_o covenant_n shall_v be_v perform_v and_o in_o that_o case_n it_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o covenantor_n to_o make_v a_o act_n that_o the_o covenant_n shall_v not_o be_v perform_v and_o therefore_o covenant_n will_v not_o raise_v a_o use_n but_o in_o our_o case_n no_o act_n of_o the_o covenantor_n may_v hinder_v that_o this_o use_n shall_v arise_v and_o therefore_o good_a and_o for_o that_o the_o difference_n be_v dyer_n 296._o which_o be_v enter_v 11._o eliz._n the_o roll_n of_o which_o i_o have_v see_v the_o father_n upon_o the_o marriage_n of_o his_o son_n promise_v to_o the_o friend_n of_o his_o wife_n that_o after_o his_o death_n his_o son_n shall_v have_v his_o land_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n and_o the_o book_n be_v rule_v that_o this_o do_v not_o change_v the_o use_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v this_o covenant_n be_v by_o word_n and_o not_o in_o writing_n but_o it_o be_v not_o doubt_v if_o this_o covenant_n have_v be_v by_o writing_n but_o that_o the_o covenant_n will_v raise_v a_o use_n which_o be_v all_o one_o with_o our_o case_n and_o so_o be_v callard_n and_o callards_n case_n 37._o eliz._n stand_v forth_o eustace_n reserve_v to_o my_o wife_n and_o myself_o i_o give_v to_o thou_o and_o thy_o heir_n and_o there_o it_o be_v doubt_v whether_o any_o use_n will_v arise_v to_o the_o son_n and_o rule_v that_o not_o because_o this_o be_v by_o word_n only_o but_o it_o be_v also_o agree_v that_o if_o these_o word_n have_v be_v by_o writing_n they_o have_v be_v sufficient_a to_o raise_v a_o use_n to_o the_o son_n and_o he_o cite_v dyer_n 232._o before_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 27._o h._n 8._o a_o covenant_v and_o agree_v with_o b._n that_o upon_o the_o marriage_n of_o his_o son_n with_o the_o daughter_n of_o the_o other_o that_o he_o will_v retain_v his_o land_n for_o life_n and_o that_o
that_o then_o his_o two_o son_n shall_v pay_v they_o and_o if_o it_o happen_v that_o either_o of_o they_o die_v before_o his_o debt_n and_o legacy_n pay_v or_o before_o either_o of_o they_o do_v enter_v into_o his_o part_n that_o thou_o the_o other_o shall_v have_v all_o the_o land_n in_o fee_n and_o after_o the_o devisor_n die_v and_o in_o the_o life_n of_o the_o mother_n the_o elder_a son_n release_v to_o the_o young_a all_n his_o right_n title_n claim_v and_o demand_v to_o the_o land_n which_o be_v devise_v to_o he_o by_o his_o father_n and_o after_o the_o wife_n die_v and_o two_o point_n come_v in_o question_n in_o this_o case_n first_o whether_o this_o limitation_n be_v good_a second_o whether_o the_o release_n be_v good_a and_o it_o be_v argue_v by_o richardson_n sergeant_n that_o this_o limitation_n of_o the_o statute_n by_o way_n of_o devisee_fw-mi be_v good_a and_o he_o vouch_v dyer_n 330._o clark_n case_n and_o 4._o eliz._n goldley_n and_o buckleys_n case_n a_o man_n devise_v to_o his_o son_n and_o his_o heir_n provide_v that_o if_o his_o personal_a estate_n do_v not_o suffice_v to_o pay_v his_o debt_n and_o legacy_n that_o then_o his_o land_n shall_v be_v to_o another_o and_o he_o vouch_v brown_a and_o pells_n case_n which_o be_v adjudge_v in_o banco_n regis_fw-la the_o case_n be_v that_o a_o man_n have_v two_o son_n william_n the_o elder_a and_o thomas_n the_o young_a and_o he_o devise_v his_o land_n to_o thomas_n his_o son_n and_o his_o heir_n provide_v that_o if_o thomas_n die_v without_o issue_n live_v that_o then_o william_n shall_v have_v the_o land_n and_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o this_o be_v good_a to_o william_n by_o way_n of_o executory_a devise_n and_o in_o that_o case_n doubt_n be_v move_v whether_o if_o thomas_n suffer_v a_o recovery_n whether_o this_o shall_v take_v away_o the_o estate_n of_o william_n and_o it_o be_v hold_v by_o all_o the_o court_n except_o doderidg_n that_o it_o shall_v not_o but_o all_o agree_v that_o this_o devise_n upon_o the_o future_a contingency_n be_v good_a and_o so_o he_o conclude_v that_o if_o the_o young_a son_n die_v in_o the_o life_n of_o the_o mother_n and_o before_o the_o legacy_n be_v pay_v the_o land_n shall_v remain_v to_o the_o plaintiff_n according_a to_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o devisor_n but_o the_o other_o doubt_n be_v when_o the_o plaintiff_n do_v release_v all_o his_o right_n and_o claim_v to_o the_o other_o whether_o this_o release_n will_v extinguish_v this_o future_a possibility_n and_o he_o hold_v that_o it_o will_v not_o and_o he_o say_v that_o he_o have_v see_v the_o case_n of_o lampet_n coo._n 10._o and_o there_o the_o release_n of_o a_o possibility_n be_v pen_v as_o in_o our_o case_n and_o if_o any_o word_n discharge_v this_o possibility_n it_o be_v this_o word_n right_a but_o if_o the_o resolution_n of_o that_o book_n have_v not_o be_v against_o he_o he_o will_v have_v argue_v that_o this_o right_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o extinguish_v this_o future_a possibility_n but_o that_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o more_o apt_a and_o proper_a word_n but_o he_o say_v he_o will_v not_o argue_v against_o book_n but_o he_o say_v that_o which_o he_o will_v insist_v upon_o be_v the_o distinguish_n of_o possibility_n for_o there_o be_v two_o manner_n of_o possibility_n the_o one_o be_v common_a and_o ordinary_a the_o other_o be_v more_o remote_a and_o foreign_a and_o first_o there_o be_v a_o possibility_n which_o be_v common_a and_o necessary_a and_o this_o depend_v upon_o a_o ordinary_a casualty_n as_o a_o lease_n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o i._o s._n for_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o i._o s._n may_v take_v by_o this_o and_o such_o a_o possibility_n may_v be_v release_v and_o a_o possibility_n which_o be_v remote_a and_o foreign_a be_v as_o if_o a_o lease_n be_v make_v for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o another_o during_o the_o life_n of_o the_o lessee_n for_o life_n or_o a_o lease_n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o corporation_n of_o b._n those_o remainder_n be_v void_a but_o yet_o by_o possibility_n they_o may_v be_v good_a for_o in_o the_o first_o case_n the_o tenant_n for_o life_n may_v enter_v into_o religion_n and_o in_o the_o latter_a case_n the_o king_n may_v make_v corporation_n and_o yet_o because_o such_o possibility_n be_v not_o usual_a the_o remainder_n be_v void_a see_v coo._n 2._o chamleys_n case_n where_o such_o a_o remote_a possibility_n may_v not_o be_v release_v if_o a_o man_n give_v land_n to_o one_o which_o be_v marry_v and_o to_o another_o woman_n which_o be_v marry_v and_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o their_o two_o body_n engender_v this_o be_v a_o good_a estate_n tail_n for_o there_o be_v a_o common_a possibility_n that_o they_o may_v intermarry_v but_o if_o the_o gift_n be_v to_o a_o man_n and_o to_o two_o woman_n who_o be_v marry_v and_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o their_o body_n engender_v they_o shall_v not_o have_v a_o estate_n tail_n execute_v for_o it_o be_v a_o remote_a and_o foreign_a possibility_n and_o a_o imbrodery_n of_o estate_n which_o the_o law_n will_v not_o allow_v nor_o respect_n see_v the_o rector_n of_o chedingtons_n case_n that_o such_o a_o possibility_n as_o in_o our_o case_n may_v not_o be_v release_v for_o first_o here_o the_o mother_n ought_v to_o be_v dead_a before_o the_o plaintiff_n shall_v have_v land_n second_o legacy_n ought_v to_o be_v pay_v three_o thomas_n ought_v to_o be_v dead_a and_o till_o all_o these_o possibility_n hap_n the_o plaintiff_n shall_v have_v nothing_o in_o the_o land_n and_o for_o that_o it_o be_v a_o remote_a possibility_n which_o be_v not_o go_v by_o the_o release_n for_o as_o it_o be_v say_v when_o a_o possibility_n shall_v be_v go_v by_o a_o release_n there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o good_a foundation_n upon_o which_o the_o release_n may_v operate_v second_o the_o possibility_n which_o be_v release_v aught_o to_o be_v necessary_a and_o common_a but_o in_o our_o case_n it_o be_v not_o necessary_a that_o the_o son_n shall_v enjoy_v it_o in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o mother_n and_o also_o the_o mother_n may_v in_o a_o short_a time_n pay_v the_o legacy_n and_o then_o neither_o of_o the_o son_n shall_v have_v the_o land_n by_o which_o circumstance_n it_o be_v apparent_a that_o this_o be_v not_o a_o common_a or_o a_o ordinary_a possibility_n but_o be_v a_o remote_a and_o foreign_a expectance_n which_o shall_v not_o be_v go_v by_o this_o release_n and_o this_o differ_v from_o lampets_n case_n for_o there_o be_v a_o possibility_n of_o a_o chattel_n which_o as_o it_o may_v easy_o be_v create_v so_o it_o may_v easy_o be_v destroy_v but_o in_o our_o case_n it_o be_v a_o franktenement_n which_o as_o that_o require_v a_o great_a ceremony_n in_o the_o creation_n and_o for_o that_o it_o will_v require_v a_o great_a matter_n to_o destroy_v and_o to_o extinguish_v that_o and_o it_o be_v say_v in_o wood_n case_v cite_v in_o shelley_n case_n coo._n 1._o that_o if_o a_o man_n covenant_n with_o a._n that_o if_o i._o s._n enfeoff_v he_o of_o the_o manor_n of_o d._n that_o then_o he_o will_v stand_v seize_v to_o the_o use_n of_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o b._n and_o the_o covenantee_n die_v and_o the_o say_v i._o s._n enfeoff_v the_o covenantor_n in_o such_o case_n the_o heir_n shall_v be_v inward_a and_o yet_o it_o be_v only_o a_o possibility_n which_o descend_v which_o possibility_n of_o a_o use_n may_v not_o be_v discharge_v or_o release_v and_o yet_o in_o that_o case_n there_o be_v a_o possibility_n which_o be_v more_o common_a and_o ordinary_a then_o in_o our_o case_n for_o there_o be_v a_o possibility_n that_o i._o s._n shall_v make_v the_o feoffment_n and_o so_o say_v a_o good_a foundation_n upon_o which_o the_o release_n may_v operate_v and_o he_o put_v the_o case_n that_o i._o shall_v let_v for_o so_o many_o year_n as_o i._o s._n shall_v name_v if_o i._n s._n name_n it_o be_v good_a and_o yet_o he_o hold_v if_o i._n s._n release_v before_o the_o nomination_n that_o this_o release_n be_v mere_o void_a because_o he_o have_v only_o a_o possibility_n and_o as_o to_o dig_v case_n coo._n 1._o there_o a_o power_n of_o revocation_n may_v be_v release_v and_o good_a reason_n for_o the_o covenantor_n who_o release_v have_v the_o bird_n in_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o for_o that_o it_o be_v no_o remote_a possibility_n but_o there_o it_o be_v say_v that_o if_o the_o power_n be_v limit_v to_o a_o estranger_fw-fr there_o the_o stranger_n may_v not_o release_v and_o he_o also_o agree_v albany_n case_n for_o there_o the_o power_n to_o release_v be_v upon_o the_o death_n of_o a_o man_n only_o but_o in_o our_o case_n it_o be_v upon_o death_n and_o other_o
covenantor_n shall_v have_v a_o estate_n for_o life_n and_o so_o the_o law_n make_v in_o that_o case_n fraction_n of_o estate_n as_o the_o case_n of_o the_o lord_n seymor_n dyer_n 96._o seem_v to_o accord_v with_o this_o and_o beside_o those_o two_o book_n he_o say_v he_o can_v not_o find_v any_o book_n which_o will_v warrant_v that_o and_o for_o that_o reason_n he_o hold_v those_o two_o book_n to_o be_v no_o law_n for_o if_o i_o covenant_n that_o my_o son_n shall_v have_v my_o land_n after_o my_o death_n this_o will_v not_o raise_v a_o estate_n to_o i_o by_o implication_n for_o life_n and_o a_o estate_n to_o my_o son_n and_o so_o by_o such_o mean_n to_o change_v my_o estate_n in_o fee_n for_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n without_o more_o word_n for_o the_o word_n covenant_n in_o his_o proper_a and_o native_a signification_n be_v only_a obligatorie_n and_o yet_o it_o have_v be_v always_o conceive_v sufficient_a to_o raise_v a_o use_n to_o he_o who_o be_v not_o party_n to_o that_o as_o if_o i_o covenant_n with_o a_o stranger_n that_o i_o will_v stand_v seize_v of_o my_o land_n to_o the_o use_n of_o my_o son_n this_o will_v raise_v a_o use_n to_o my_o son_n and_o yet_o neither_o my_o son_n nor_o the_o covenantee_n may_v have_v a_o action_n of_o covenant_n but_o a_o use_n will_v very_o well_o arise_v to_o my_o son_n as_o if_o a_o man_n bargain_n and_o sell_v his_o land_n in_o consideration_n of_o 100_o l._n pay_v by_o i._o s._n though_o in_o this_o case_n the_o consideration_n arise_v from_o a_o strong_a yet_o that_o will_v pass_v the_o use_n to_o the_o bargainee_n and_o in_o case_n of_o covenant_n it_o be_v not_o this_o word_n covenant_n only_o which_o create_v the_o use_n but_o it_o be_v rather_o the_o agreement_n of_o the_o party_n which_o be_v testify_v by_o the_o covenant_n for_o if_o sufficient_a agreement_n appear_v there_o will_v not_o need_v this_o word_n covenant_n as_o if_o i_o will_v agree_v and_o declare_v to_o stand_v seize_v to_o the_o use_n of_o my_o son_n by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o word_n covenant_n be_v only_o declarative_a of_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o party_n and_o then_o in_o the_o principal_a case_n the_o covenant_n be_v not_o that_o the_o son_n shall_v have_v the_o land_n but_o that_o the_o land_n shall_v come_v remain_z and_o be_v to_o he_o and_o those_o word_n be_v incertain_a as_o 21._o h._n 7._o redert_fw-ge come_v or_o descent_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n it_o be_v all_o one_o with_o the_o law_n of_o the_o same_o case_n and_o then_o void_a to_o raise_v any_o use_n for_o the_o incertain_o and_o then_o when_o andrew_n buckley_n covenant_n that_o his_o son_n shall_v have_v his_o land_n and_o no_o word_n to_o enforce_v his_o intention_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n the_o intention_n shall_v be_v liable_a to_o a_o action_n of_o covenant_n and_o not_o to_o change_v his_o estate_n which_o he_o have_v in_o fee_n for_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n by_o this_o covenant_n but_o if_o he_o have_v express_o covenant_v that_o in_o consideration_n of_o marriage_n of_o his_o son_n that_o he_o will_v hold_v his_o land_n for_o life_n and_o after_o this_o shall_v be_v to_o his_o son_n this_o will_v change_v the_o estate_n which_o be_v in_o fee_n for_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n but_o in_o our_o case_n the_o covenant_n be_v general_a and_o left_a to_o the_o indifferent_a construction_n of_o the_o law_n the_o word_n covenant_n shall_v be_v take_v in_o his_o proper_a and_o native_a signification_n and_o this_o be_v obligatorie_n and_o so_o he_o conclude_v that_o this_o covenant_n be_v at_o the_o first_o to_o grant_v a_o rent_n and_o be_v executory_a and_o the_o last_o part_n of_o that_o be_v executory_a for_o assurance_n and_o the_o limitation_n of_o the_o estate_n to_o the_o son_n be_v entangle_v between_o these_o two_o covenant_n this_o shall_v be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n and_o by_o consequence_n the_o covenant_n be_v obligatorie_n only_o and_o will_v raise_v no_o use_n to_o the_o son_n and_o so_o he_o conclude_v that_o judgement_n shall_v be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o it_o be_v command_v to_o be_v enter_v according_o sparrow_n against_o sowgate_n in_o debt_n by_o sparrow_n against_o sowgate_n who_o declare_v that_o the_o defendant_n become_v bail_v for_o one_o richard_n sowgate_n in_o banco_n regis_fw-la against_o who_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v bring_v a_o bill_n of_o debt_n of_o 77._o l._n and_o now_o the_o defendant_n bind_v himself_o in_o a_o recognizance_n of_o 77._o l._n upon_o which_o the_o action_n be_v now_o bring_v that_o in_o case_n judgement_n shall_v be_v give_v against_o the_o say_a richard_n sowgate_n that_o he_o shall_v satisfy_v the_o say_a judgement_n or_o render_v his_o body_n to_o prison_n for_o in_o this_o case_n no_o part_n be_v impossible_a for_o after_o the_o judgement_n the_o principal_n may_v render_v himself_o in_o b._n r._n to_o the_o marshal_n for_o the_o redemption_n of_o his_o surety_n and_o that_o be_v the_o common_a course_n there_o as_o he_o say_v but_o he_o agree_v the_o case_n to_o be_v otherwise_o if_o a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la issue_n out_o of_o the_o king_n bench_n against_o the_o bail_n for_o there_o the_o death_n of_o the_o principal_n be_v a_o good_a plea_n for_o a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la do_v not_o lie_v there_o till_o default_n be_v assign_v in_o the_o principal_a in_o his_o not_o come_v upon_o the_o capias_fw-la ad_fw-la satisfaciendum_fw-la which_o may_v not_o be_v when_o he_o be_v dead_a note_v that_o but_o yet_o before_o any_o capias_fw-la it_o be_v clear_a he_o may_v have_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n sir_n robert_n hitcham_n sergeant_n of_o the_o king_n to_o the_o contrary_a and_o he_o allege_v this_o to_o be_v the_o constant_a course_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n that_o the_o bail_n be_v never_o chargeable_a till_o there_o be_v default_n assign_v in_o the_o principal_a upon_o the_o recorn_n of_o the_o capias_fw-la ad_fw-la satisfaciendum_fw-la which_o may_v not_o be_v here_o for_o the_o principal_n be_v dead_a and_o he_o agree_v the_o case_n of_o the_o other_o side_n that_o when_o a_o man_n be_v to_o do_v two_o thing_n though_o the_o one_o be_v become_v impossible_a yet_o he_o ought_v to_o perform_v the_o other_o but_o when_o it_o be_v in_o the_o election_n of_o one_o to_o make_v either_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o than_o it_o be_v otherwise_o see_v dyer_n 262._o and_o so_o he_o conclude_v for_o the_o defendant_n hobert_n chief_a justice_n say_v that_o it_o be_v inconvenient_a that_o the_o plaintiff_n shall_v be_v force_v to_o sue_v his_o capias_fw-la ad_fw-la satisfaciendum_fw-la against_o the_o party_n before_o he_o have_v execution_n against_o the_o bail_n for_o perchance_o he_o will_v sue_v a_o fieri_fw-la facias_fw-la or_o a_o elegit_fw-la against_o he_o and_o that_o the_o corpse_n of_o the_o party_n will_v not_o satisfy_v he_o and_o browlow_a prothonotary_n say_v that_o it_o have_v be_v adjudge_v in_o this_o court_n that_o such_o plea_n be_v not_o good_a winch_n the_o course_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n be_v that_o default_n shall_v be_v assign_v upon_o the_o retorn_a of_o the_o principal_a before_o the_o bail_n shall_v be_v charge_v and_o though_o the_o plaintiff_n refuse_v to_o take_v his_o body_n after_o he_o have_v make_v his_o election_n to_o take_v his_o fieri_fw-la facias_fw-la or_o elegit_fw-la he_o shall_v never_o more_o resort_v to_o the_o bail_n which_o be_v grant_v by_o hobert_n and_o hutton_n as_o to_o that_o last_o point_n and_o it_o be_v hold_v by_o all_o the_o court_n that_o if_o the_o principal_n render_v his_o body_n though_o the_o plaintiff_n refuse_v to_o take_v that_o yet_o that_o be_v a_o discharge_n of_o the_o bail_n and_o also_o it_o be_v agree_v by_o hutton_n hobert_n and_o by_o winch_n that_o if_o the_o course_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n be_v such_o that_o the_o bail_n shall_v not_o be_v forfeit_a till_o there_o be_v a_o default_n assign_v in_o the_o principal_a the_o same_o course_n also_o shall_v be_v follow_v here_o and_o per_fw-la curiam_fw-la if_o the_o course_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n be_v such_o that_o such_o capias_fw-la be_v necessary_a to_o be_v award_v that_o then_o a_o convenient_a time_n shall_v be_v allow_v for_o the_o principal_a to_o render_v his_o body_n gratis_o and_o if_o the_o principal_a do_v die_v before_o such_o time_n the_o bail_n be_v discharge_v but_o it_o be_v say_v by_o winch_n if_o he_o die_v before_o convenient_a time_n and_o the_o capias_fw-la be_v award_v that_o such_o death_n shall_v not_o discharge_v the_o bail_n note_v that_o jones_n justice_n say_v that_o he_o think_v in_o this_o case_n that_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o principal_n render_v himself_o gratis_o for_o when_o he_o be_v let_v to_o bail_v the_o law_n suppose_v he_o to_o be_v always_o in_o custody_n
mean_a time_n the_o second_o point_n be_v whether_o the_o heir_n of_o robert_n foin_n may_v pay_v that_o or_o be_v bind_v to_o perform_v that_o then_o the_o law_n dispense_v with_o that_o for_o it_o be_v limit_v if_o robert_n do_v not_o pay_v and_o so_o it_o be_v personal_a to_o he_o like_v to_o the_o case_n in_o plowden_n when_o a_o thing_n be_v reserve_v to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o person_n of_o a_o man_n no_o other_o man_n may_v perform_v that_o neither_o the_o heir_n nor_o yet_o the_o executor_n as_o in_o dyer_n 66._o 8._o h._n 4._o 19_o 21._o ed._n 3._o 29._o where_o the_o heir_n be_v not_o name_v he_o be_v not_o charge_v and_o 10._o ed._n 4_o 12._o 11._o ed._n 3._o 16._o and_o so_o in_o this_o case_n because_o it_o be_v personal_o limit_v to_o robert_n foyn_v and_o ergo_fw-la if_o he_o do_v die_v there_o the_o law_n will_v not_o compel_v the_o heir_n and_o that_o be_v the_o reason_n of_o littleton_n case_n fol._n 76._o for_o there_o though_o the_o father_n mortgage_v and_o the_o son_n be_v not_o name_v in_o the_o condition_n yet_o because_o he_o have_v a_o interest_n in_o the_o condition_n he_o may_v perform_v that_o and_o so_o the_o case_n fol._n 77._o the_o feoffee_n of_o the_o feoffee_n may_v perform_v that_o though_o it_o be_v annex_v to_o the_o first_o feoffee_n only_o and_o this_o be_v for_o the_o salvation_n and_o safety_n of_o his_o estate_n and_o in_o the_o first_o case_n be_v in_o a._n mortgage_n the_o law_n say_v that_o the_o heir_n shall_v not_o be_v prejudice_v but_o when_o it_o be_v a_o voluntary_a act_n and_o in_o point_n of_o discretion_n to_o the_o father_n there_o the_o son_n may_v not_o perform_v that_o and_o here_o the_o law_n have_v prevent_v the_o father_n in_o the_o point_n of_o election_n ergo_fw-la it_o be_v discharge_v and_o it_o be_v like_a to_o the_o case_n of_o the_o countess_n of_o arundel_n where_o a_o thing_n be_v annex_v to_o the_o person_n of_o a_o man_n no_o other_o may_v perform_v it_o and_o so_o here_o the_o heir_n may_v not_o perform_v that_o for_o it_o be_v discharge_v by_o the_o death_n of_o robert_n three_o admit_v that_o he_o may_v perform_v that_o than_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o default_n of_o notice_n may_v not_o excuse_v and_o here_o the_o lady_n be_v a_o party_n to_o this_o condition_n in_o the_o indenture_n and_o here_o the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o fact_n may_v excuse_v and_o when_o the_o law_n do_v put_v a_o man_n upon_o a_o necessity_n there_o it_o will_v excuse_v he_o as_o 44._o ed._n 3._o 61._o and_o 50._o ed._n 3._o 39_o and_o so_o the_o law_n will_v not_o impose_v a_o necessity_n of_o notice_n upon_o he_o the_o residue_n of_o the_o case_n of_o cooper_n and_o edgar_n by_o sergeant_n crook_n but_o crook_n say_v that_o he_o be_v heir_n be_v bind_v to_o take_v notice_n but_o for_o answer_v to_o that_o i_o will_v cite_v you_o one_o express_v case_n francis_z case_n cook_n 8._o for_o there_o the_o heir_n be_v not_o bind_v to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o proviso_n in_o the_o feoffment_n without_o notice_n give_v to_o he_o of_o it_o winch_n that_o case_n direct_o comply_v with_o our_o case_n and_o so_o farmer_n case_n cook_n 3._o lessee_n for_o year_n in_o possession_n levy_v a_o fine_a that_o do_v not_o bar_v the_o reversioner_n because_o he_o continue_v in_o possession_n at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o he_o have_v not_o notice_n of_o that_o and_o here_o if_o the_o ancestor_n have_v not_o die_v seize_v there_o have_v be_v some_o colour_n that_o he_o may_v have_v have_v notice_n and_o this_o differ_v from_o littleton_n case_n where_o the_o heir_n may_v pay_v the_o mortgage_n that_o in_o that_o case_n he_o ought_v to_o take_v notice_n at_o his_o peril_n because_o he_o do_v not_o die_v seize_v case_n corbet_n case_n and_o see_v 4._o coo._n 8._o where_o land_n be_v give_v to_o executor_n to_o take_v the_o profit_n there_o resolve_v that_o default_n of_o notice_n do_v not_o hurt_v they_o but_o they_o shall_v hold_v against_o the_o heir_n now_o for_o that_o last_o point_n whether_o the_o estate_n for_o life_n be_v save_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 27._o h._n 8._o or_o whether_o it_o be_v go_v by_o the_o acceptance_n of_o the_o fine_a and_o i_o think_v it_o be_v go_v and_o yet_o i_o agree_v if_o it_o have_v be_v lessee_n for_o year_n it_o have_v be_v within_o the_o save_n of_o the_o statute_n because_o he_o be_v but_o a_o conduit_n pipe_n to_o convey_v that_o but_o in_o our_o case_n when_o it_o be_v by_o limitation_n of_o the_o use_n than_o it_o will_v not_o be_v save_v because_o that_o it_o be_v by_o she_o own_o provision_n that_o the_o use_n be_v so_o limit_v to_o she_o and_o so_o the_o law_n will_v not_o aid_v that_o and_o by_o the_o common_a law_n it_o be_v a_o express_a determination_n of_o the_o estate_n 1._o h._n 7._o also_o the_o case_n of_o tenant_n for_o year_n be_v within_o the_o save_n of_o the_o statute_n do_v in_o no_o sort_n help_v this_o case_n for_o it_o may_v well_o stand_v with_o the_o estate_n but_o out_o of_o the_o freehold_n the_o use_n do_v arise_v and_o beside_o the_o law_n will_v not_o provide_v for_o he_o who_o have_v not_o provide_v for_o himself_o as_o 5._o h._n 7._o 7._o if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o gift_n entail_v render_v rend_v the_o law_n will_v not_o raise_v any_o other_o tenure_n and_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o law_n that_o a_o man_n shall_v not_o take_v a_o estate_n by_o implication_n where_o he_o have_v express_o limit_v a_o estate_n to_o himself_o and_o to_o that_o purpose_n there_o be_v a_o good_a case_n hill_n 13._o eliz._n between_o richmond_n and_o bowcher_n where_o a_o lease_n be_v make_v render_v rend_v to_o the_o lessor_n his_o executor_n and_o his_o assign_v and_o there_o the_o lessor_n die_v and_o it_o be_v rule_v in_o that_o case_n that_o the_o executor_n nor_o the_o assign_n shall_v not_o have_v that_o nor_o the_o heir_n for_o it_o be_v not_o reserve_v to_o he_o and_o in_o 16._o jac._n one_o farmer_n case_n where_o such_o a_o lessee_n for_o year_n take_v a_o feoffment_n with_o a_o intent_n to_o suffer_v a_o recovery_n but_o he_o continue_v in_o possession_n two_o term_n after_o before_o he_o suffer_v the_o recovery_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v adjudge_v the_o term_n for_o year_n be_v save_v but_o here_o he_o be_v tenant_n of_o the_o freehold_n this_o may_v not_o stand_v with_o the_o limitation_n of_o the_o use_n and_o so_o i_o pray_v judgement_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n the_o argument_n of_o davenport_n serjeant_n davenport_n to_o the_o contrary_a after_o a_o recital_n of_o the_o case_n say_v that_o he_o think_v this_o to_o be_v a_o subsequent_a condition_n for_o here_o be_v two_o use_n limit_v and_o so_o there_o be_v two_o condition_n for_o the_o first_o if_o if_o he_o do_v not_o pay_v this_o be_v subsequent_a and_o the_o estate_n do_v proceed_v but_o the_o other_o be_v precedent_n and_o the_o estate_n be_v subsequent_a and_o the_o sole_a difference_n when_o if_o makes_z a_o precedent_n and_o when_o a_o subsequent_a condition_n be_v upon_o the_o word_n for_o in_o this_o case_n word_n make_v the_o case_n and_o if_o the_o estate_n be_v limit_v first_o and_o then_o the_o condition_n seem_v annex_v in_o word_n to_o determine_v that_o in_o that_o case_n it_o be_v a_o subsequent_a but_o if_o the_o act_n be_v first_o appoint_v to_o be_v make_v and_o then_o the_o estate_n be_v limit_v by_o express_a word_n there_o the_o estate_n will_v not_o begin_v till_o the_o tunc_fw-la be_v perform_v and_o so_o be_v the_o very_a difference_n 14._o h._n 8._o 22._o and_o there_o the_o principal_a case_n be_v adjudge_v to_o be_v subsequent_a and_o upon_o that_o difference_n be_v 15._o h._n 7._o and_o coo._n 7._o where_o the_o estate_n be_v first_o limit_v and_o then_o the_o condition_n be_v after_o that_o and_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o party_n be_v that_o the_o lady_n shall_v have_v the_o fee_n if_o the_o other_o will_v not_o redeem_v that_o and_o i_o desire_v to_o be_v try_v by_o no_o other_o case_n than_o those_o which_o my_o brother_n crook_n have_v cite_v mary_a portingtons_n case_n si_fw-la be_v a_o proper_a word_n to_o determine_v a_o estate_n and_o then_o the_o estate_n ought_v to_o be_v before_o and_o for_o the_o difference_n between_o thing_n execute_v and_o thing_n executory_a under_o favour_n that_o be_v no_o difference_n but_o that_o be_v as_o the_o word_n be_v place_v and_o i_o deny_v the_o case_n of_o executor_n put_v by_o my_o brother_n crook_n and_o so_o i_o say_v it_o be_v a_o present_a estate_n but_o it_o be_v defeasable_a after_o by_o payment_n but_o now_o for_o the_o second_o point_n whether_o it_o be_v discharge_v by_o the_o death_n of_o robert_n or_o whether_o