certain_a sense_n of_o word_n for_o critic_n do_v very_o frequent_o ground_v the_o sense_n of_o word_n upon_o etymology_n or_o the_o derivation_n of_o they_o from_o other_o word_n or_o else_o on_o the_o sense_n in_o which_o some_o few_o learned_a writer_n do_v take_v they_o both_o which_o be_v fallacious_a rule_n to_o know_v their_o sense_n certain_o the_o former_a because_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o word_n be_v impose_v and_o the_o sense_n itself_o of_o those_o word_n be_v many_o time_n different_a notion_n for_o example_n a_o stone_n as_o some_o of_o they_o tell_v we_o be_v in_o latin_a name_v lapis_n a_o laedendâ—_n pedes_fw-la but_o the_o notion_n or_o signification_n of_o that_o word_n be_v the_o very_a substance_n itself_o of_o such_o a_o body_n nor_o be_v the_o latter_a rule_n competent_a to_o give_v we_o the_o true_a meaning_n of_o those_o word_n that_o express_v natural_a notion_n first_o because_o those_o learned_a man_n use_v to_o speak_v learned_o or_o rhetorical_o with_o trope_n and_o figure_n and_o affect_v to_o deliver_v their_o thought_n neat_o and_o fine_o with_o quaint_a phrase_n allusion_n metaphor_n and_o other_o knack_n of_o language_n all_o which_o be_v so_o many_o deviation_n from_o the_o natural_a manner_n of_o expression_n common_a to_o all_o mankind_n and_o consequent_o unsuitable_a to_o our_o natural_a conception_n beside_o that_o a_o few_o author_n suffice_v the_o critic_n to_o build_v their_o observation_n upon_o all_o which_o fall_v infinite_o short_a of_o that_o certainty_n and_o plainness_n which_o the_o common_a and_o constant_a use_n of_o the_o generality_n of_o mankind_n or_o the_o vulgar_a afford_v we_o 8._o equivocal_a word_n be_v either_o simple_o and_o absolute_o such_o which_o we_o call_v equivocal_a by_o chance_n or_o relative_o which_o we_o call_v equivocal_a by_o design_n absolute_o when_o there_o be_v no_o kind_n of_o reason_n or_o ground_n why_o the_o same_o word_n shall_v have_v two_o different_a sense_n as_o when_o far_a in_o english_a signify_v a_o great_a way_n in_o latin_a breadcorn_n or_o any_o word_n in_o one_o language_n happen_v mere_o casual_o to_o have_v a_o different_a signification_n in_o another_o in_o which_o sort_n of_o equivocation_n there_o can_v be_v no_o danger_n to_o science_n those_o two_o sense_n of_o the_o word_n be_v so_o vast_o disparate_a relative_o when_o there_o be_v some_o kind_n of_o ground_n why_o the_o same_o word_n shall_v be_v transfer_v from_o one_o notion_n to_o another_o and_o this_o may_v be_v do_v for_o two_o different_a reason_n one_o when_o it_o be_v refer_v to_o another_o for_o some_o connexion_n with_o they_o as_o cause_n and_o effect_v as_o when_o the_o word_n healthful_a which_o proper_o belong_v to_o a_o animal_n be_v transfer_v to_o meat_n because_o it_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o health_n in_o the_o animal_n and_o to_o urine_n because_o it_o be_v a_o effect_n of_o its_o health_n and_o therefore_o a_o natural_a sign_n of_o it_o or_o as_o when_o we_o say_v there_o be_v much_o art_n in_o such_o a_o picture_n or_o poem_n it_o mean_v the_o effect_n of_o art_n for_o art_n in_o proper_a speech_n be_v to_o be_v find_v only_o in_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o artificer_n the_o other_o reason_n of_o the_o word_n be_v transfer_v from_o one_o to_o another_o and_o consequent_o refer_v back_o to_o it_o again_o be_v when_o this_o be_v do_v for_o some_o proportion_n or_o resemblance_n between_o they_o as_o when_o we_o say_v of_o a_o good_a governor_n that_o he_o be_v the_o pilot_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n to_o steer_v it_o into_o a_o safe_a harbour_n and_o preserve_v it_o from_o split_v upon_o the_o rock_n of_o division_n where_o the_o word_n pilot_n which_o in_o the_o first_o and_o proper_a mean_v signify_v a_o director_n of_o a_o ship_n be_v transfer_v to_o a_o governor_n because_o he_o do_v the_o same_o in_o proportion_n in_o a_o commonwealth_n which_o the_o other_o do_v in_o a_o ship_n thus_o tranquillity_n which_o be_v proper_o say_v of_o the_o sea_n in_o a_o calm_a be_v transfer_v to_o a_o state_n or_o kingdom_n because_o its_o peaceable_a condition_n resemble_v or_o bear_v a_o kind_n of_o proportion_n to_o the_o undisturbed_a quiet_n find_v in_o a_o calm_a sea_n 9_o word_n transfer_v to_o another_o for_o some_o proportion_n or_o resemblance_n between_o they_o be_v call_v metaphor_n or_o metaphorical_a and_o the_o best_a metaphor_n be_v when_o the_o thing_n from_o which_o it_o be_v transfer_v be_v eminent_a under_o that_o notion_n we_o intend_v to_o express_v as_o when_o we_o call_v a_o valiant_a man_n a_o lion_n and_o a_o meek_a man_n a_o lamb_n because_o courage_n and_o mildness_n be_v eminent_a in_o those_o animal_n a_o continue_v metaphor_n be_v call_v a_o allegory_n as_o in_o the_o example_n late_o give_v the_o word_n pilot_n steer_v harbour_n split_v and_o rock_n be_v all_o metaphor_n and_o therefore_o the_o whole_a speech_n be_v allegorical_a 10._o there_o be_v no_o danger_n nor_o detriment_n to_o science_n that_o such_o word_n be_v use_v in_o common_a speech_n or_o loose_v rhetorical_a discourse_n but_o they_o be_v exceed_o pernicious_a to_o it_o when_o we_o be_v treat_v of_o dogmatical_a tenet_n and_o search_v for_o truth_n out_o of_o the_o word_n of_o write_a author_n for_o since_o those_o metaphor_n however_o they_o be_v true_a while_o understand_v to_o be_v mean_v in_o proportion_n and_o resemblance_n only_o yet_o be_v literal_o tal_n and_o in_o deliver_v doctrine_n or_o dogmatical_a tenet_n only_a litteral_n truth_n be_v aim_v at_o and_o if_o the_o reader_n happen_v to_o take_v a_o metaphorical_a expression_n for_o a_o literal_a one_o he_o will_v most_o certain_o embrace_v a_o error_n for_o a_o truth_n or_o if_o he_o take_v a_o word_n literal_o mean_v for_o a_o metaphor_n he_o will_v take_v a_o truth_n for_o a_o error_n hence_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v most_o pernicious_a to_o science_n not_o to_o distinguish_v between_o the_o metaphorical_a and_o literal_a sense_n of_o the_o word_n but_o mistake_v one_o for_o the_o other_o and_o therefore_o unless_o some_o certain_a rule_n be_v establish_v by_o which_o we_o may_v be_v ascertain_v when_o write_a word_n be_v to_o be_v take_v literal_o when_o metaphorical_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o be_v certain_a of_o any_o truth_n mere_o by_o those_o write_a word_n 11._o those_o word_n which_o be_v transfer_v from_o corporeal_a to_o spiritual_a nature_n be_v by_o far_o more_o high_o metaphorical_a than_o can_v be_v any_o transferr'd_n from_o one_o body_n to_o another_o and_o therefore_o the_o misunderstand_a they_o must_v needs_o be_v very_o destructive_a to_o science_n for_o since_o corporeal_a and_o spiritual_a be_v the_o first_o species_n of_o ens_fw-la and_o the_o division_n of_o that_o genus_fw-la into_o those_o species_n be_v make_v by_o the_o contradictory_n difference_n of_o divisible_a and_o indivisible_a it_o follow_v demonstrative_o that_o whatever_o except_o the_o precise_a notion_n of_o ens_fw-la be_v proper_o affirm_v of_o body_n must_v be_v proper_o deny_v of_o spirit_n and_o therefore_o the_o word_n transfer_v from_o body_n to_o spirit_n which_o be_v in_o different_a line_n be_v far_o more_o improper_a than_o those_o which_o be_v tranfer_v from_o one_o body_n to_o another_o they_o be_v in_o the_o same_o line_n and_o so_o less_o disparate_a corol._n ii_o hence_o be_v confirm_v the_o former_a doctrine_n that_o spirit_n be_v not_o in_o place_n nor_o be_v themselves_o or_o their_o spiritual_a action_n subject_a to_o timeâ—r_v â—r_z commensurable_a to_o it_o etc._n etc._n since_o all_o these_o may_v proper_o be_v say_v of_o body_n and_o therefore_o must_v proper_o be_v deny_v of_o spirit_n corol._n iii_o from_o the_o two_o last_o section_n it_o follow_v evident_o that_o no_o dogmatical_a tenet_n can_v be_v â—roved_v from_o book_n that_o treat_v of_o spiritual_a nature_n â—r_o of_o such_o consideration_n as_o belong_v to_o they_o unless_o â—ome_v certain_a rule_n be_v first_o establish_v by_o which_o the_o reader_n may_v know_v when_o the_o word_n be_v to_o be_v take_v literal_o when_o metaphorical_o in_o this_o or_o that_o place_n â—nce_o a_o mistake_n in_o this_o may_v make_v the_o reader_n embrace_v a_o falsehood_n for_o a_o truth_n or_o a_o truth_n for_o a_o falsehood_n in_o matter_n of_o great_a importance_n for_o exâ—mple_n this_o proportion_n god_n be_v move_v by_o our_o prayer_n be_v literal_o false_a for_o to_o be_v move_v be_v to_o be_v change_v and_o god_n be_v essential_o unchangeable_a wherefore_o it_o be_v only_o true_a in_o a_o metaphorical_a â—ence_n and_o the_o word_n move_v be_v a_o metaphor_n of_o the_o last_o sort_n viz._n of_o word_n transfer_v to_o another_o for_o some_o proportion_n or_o resemblance_n between_o they_o and_o so_o the_o true_a sense_n be_v this_o god_n though_o unmoved_a in_o himself_o yet_o act_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n towards_o he_o that_o pray_v to_o he_o as_o
a_o good_a man_n here_o who_o be_v proper_o move_v will_v act_v towards_o one_o that_o petition_n he_o corol._n iu._n hence_o also_o be_v demonstrate_v that_o all_o the_o name_n and_o word_n we_o can_v use_v when_o we_o speak_v of_o the_o divine_a nature_n and_o its_o attribute_n be_v in_o the_o high_a manner_n metaphorical_a and_o improper_a for_o since_o we_o can_v no_o other_o wise_a name_n or_o speak_v of_o a_o thing_n but_o as_o we_o conceive_v it_o and_o all_o our_o conception_n be_v notion_n take_v from_o natural_a object_n and_o only_o say_v of_o they_o with_o propriety_n and_o no_o otherwise_o say_v of_o create_a spirit_n but_o only_o metaphorical_o and_o that_o god_n infinite_a perfection_n do_v far_o more_o excel_v create_v spirit_n than_o those_o spirit_n do_v body_n it_o follow_v that_o all_o the_o name_n and_o word_n we_o can_v make_v use_n of_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o divine_a nature_n and_o its_o attribute_n be_v in_o the_o high_a manner_n metaphorical_a and_o improper_a as_o may_v be_v far_o show_v in_o metaphysic_n 12._o the_o word_n ens_fw-la as_o apply_v to_o substantial_a and_o accidental_a notion_n be_v of_o the_o former_a sort_n of_o equivocal_a word_n and_o analogical_o speak_v of_o they_o that_o be_v first_o and_o proper_o of_o substance_n and_o secondary_o or_o improper_o of_o accident_n for_o since_o as_o be_v show_v above_o ens_fw-la signify_v capable_a of_o be_v and_o none_o of_o the_o accident_n be_v of_o itself_o capable_a of_o be_v but_o only_o come_v to_o have_v some_o title_n to_o existence_n by_o the_o substance_n from_o who_o be_v they_o have_v entire_o all_o the_o be_v they_o have_v and_o that_o its_o be_v it_o follow_v that_o the_o word_n ens_fw-la must_v be_v analogical_o say_v of_o they_o that_o be_v proper_o of_o substance_n and_o improper_o of_o accident_n 13._o since_o it_o appear_v from_o what_o be_v say_v hitherto_o that_o the_o equivocation_n of_o word_n be_v most_o high_o prejudicial_a to_o science_n it_o be_v one_o necessary_a part_n of_o of_o the_o method_n to_o science_n to_o detect_v the_o snare_n it_o lay_v in_o the_o way_n of_o our_o discourse_n that_o we_o may_v avoid_v they_o and_o this_o may_v be_v do_v 14._o first_o by_o observe_v the_o explication_n we_o make_v of_o the_o word_n that_o be_v apply_v to_o different_a notion_n that_o so_o we_o may_v know_v which_o be_v the_o proper_a signification_n of_o it_o for_o by_o do_v this_o we_o shall_v certain_o find_v that_o the_o less_o proper_a notion_n when_o the_o word_n be_v explicate_v will_v still_o include_v the_o notion_n of_o the_o proper_a one_o and_o bear_v up_o to_o it_o as_o if_o we_o will_v explicate_v the_o word_n strong_a as_o it_o be_v speak_v of_o ale_n or_o wine_n we_o shall_v be_v force_v to_o say_v if_o we_o be_v put_v to_o express_v ourselves_o literal_o and_o tell_v what_o it_o mean_v that_o as_o he_o be_v call_v a_o strong_a man_n who_o be_v able_a to_o overthrow_v his_o enemy_n so_o we_o call_v wine_n or_o beer_n strong_a when_o it_o be_v able_a to_o overpower_v our_o brain_n or_o if_o we_o call_v a_o man_n hard-hearted_a it_o will_v be_v explicate_v thus_o that_o his_o humour_n be_v as_o hard_a and_o inflexible_a consider_v the_o temper_n of_o a_o rational_a creature_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v move_v by_o reason_n as_o hard_a thing_n which_o be_v very_o difficult_a to_o bend_v be_v among_o natural_a body_n for_o which_o reason_n they_o sometime_o call_v such_o man_n stonyhearted_n or_o iron-hearted_a in_o both_o which_o we_o see_v that_o strength_n be_v proper_o in_o man_n and_o hardness_n in_o such_o body_n as_o stone_n or_o iron_n and_o improper_o in_o wine_n or_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o same_o may_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o word_n pilot_n apply_v to_o a_o governor_n in_o moved_n apply_v to_o god_n in_o healthful_a to_o meat_n or_o urine_n thus_o the_o word_n religious_a honour_n worship_n or_o respect_n be_v first_o and_o proper_o apprehend_v as_o belong_v or_o due_a to_o god_n the_o sole_a end_n and_o author_n of_o all_o religion_n and_o analogical_o or_o improper_o to_o holy_a person_n either_o on_o earth_n or_o in_o heaven_n as_o his_o servant_n and_o to_o sacred_a book_n picture_n and_o church_n as_o either_o cause_v exciting_a increase_v or_o belong_v to_o the_o religious_a honour_n due_a proper_o to_o he_o alone_o whence_o religious_a honour_n give_v to_o any_o other_o thing_n can_v be_v explicate_v but_o in_o reference_n to_o god_n the_o only_a proper_a object_n of_o religion_n which_o therefore_o will_v be_v find_v include_v in_o the_o explication_n of_o that_o religious_a honour_n which_o be_v give_v to_o any_o thing_n else_o and_o yet_o what_o endless_a squabble_n contest_v and_o animosity_n have_v this_o one_o equivocation_n produce_v while_o passionate_a or_o ignorant_a man_n will_v needs_o take_v the_o word_n religious_a when_o speak_v of_o those_o different_a thing_n to_o be_v vnivocal_a which_o be_v most_o clear_o analogical_a 15._o the_o next_o way_n be_v to_o observe_v the_o notion_n any_o way_n connect_v in_o our_o common_a speech_n with_o that_o word_n who_o equivocalness_n we_o doubt_v of_o that_o be_v to_o consider_v the_o cause_n effect_n antecedent_n consequent_n contrary_n its_o superior_a and_o inferior_a notion_n its_o circumstance_n etc._n etc._n for_o if_o some_o or_o any_o of_o these_o do_v not_o agree_v to_o the_o mean_v of_o any_o word_n when_o speak_v of_o more_o thing_n or_o find_v in_o diverse_a context_n than_o we_o may_v be_v sure_a it_o be_v speak_v in_o diverse_a sense_n and_o be_v equivocal_a and_o then_o by_o the_o forego_n rule_n we_o may_v certain_o come_v to_o know_v its_o proper_a signification_n so_o in_o the_o notion_n of_o religious_a honour_n apply_v to_o god_n as_o proper_o due_a to_o he_o and_o adoration_n of_o he_o the_o chief_a part_n of_o which_o be_v a_o humble_a acknowledgement_n of_o he_o to_o be_v our_o creator_n redeemer_n sanctifier_n the_o supreme_a lord_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n the_o searcher_n of_o heart_n and_o judge_n of_o all_o our_o action_n etc._n etc._n none_o of_o these_o be_v possible_a to_o be_v connect_v or_o agree_v to_o any_o of_o the_o other_o improper_o call_v object_n of_o religious_a worship_n so_o when_o we_o style_v any_o eminent_a person_n for_o learning_n a_o great_a man_n we_o shall_v easy_o find_v it_o be_v equivocal_a and_o improper_a because_o greatness_n mean_v in_o proper_a speech_n much_o of_o quantity_n and_o have_v that_o common_a head_n for_o its_o genus_fw-la whereas_o a_o very_a little_a man_n in_o quantity_n may_v be_v great_a in_o the_o sense_n in_o which_o we_o mean_v it_o 16._o the_o three_o way_n be_v to_o attend_v to_o what_o true_a science_n or_o faith_n teach_v we_o for_o since_o one_o truth_n can_v contradict_v another_o therefore_o we_o may_v be_v assure_v that_o in_o case_n we_o be_v certain_a that_o what_o the_o writer_n mean_v be_v true_a his_o word_n must_v be_v take_v in_o that_o sense_n which_o be_v agreeable_a to_o true_a science_n or_o faith_n hence_o when_o it_o be_v say_v that_o god_n make_v two_o great_a light_n the_o sun_n and_o the_o moon_n it_o be_v evident_a by_o science_n that_o other_o star_n be_v incomparable_o great_a than_o the_o moon_n hence_o the_o word_n great_a light_n in_o that_o place_n can_v be_v mean_v of_o great_a in_o itself_o but_o as_o to_o their_o appearance_n to_o we_o but_o care_n be_v to_o be_v take_v that_o we_o have_v true_a science_n of_o the_o thing_n express_v by_o such_o word_n and_o that_o the_o subject_n be_v not_o such_o as_o exceed_v our_o pitch_n of_o knowledge_n 17._o the_o context_n may_v help_v much_o to_o give_v we_o the_o right_a notion_n of_o the_o word_n especial_o when_o the_o literal_a truth_n be_v aim_v at_o axiom_n and_o evident_a principle_n be_v lay_v and_o the_o discourse_n be_v perfect_o connect_v or_o coherent_a for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o symmetry_n find_v in_o the_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a discourse_n forbid_v any_o word_n to_o be_v take_v in_o a_o wrong_a signification_n as_o we_o experience_n in_o mathematics_n and_o other_o close_a discourse_n 18._o the_o intention_n of_o the_o author_n and_o the_o argument_n and_o scope_n of_o the_o book_n avail_n much_o to_o direct_v we_o to_o the_o right_a sense_n of_o those_o word_n in_o it_o which_o be_v most_o material_a and_o significant_a for_o the_o notion_n mean_v by_o such_o word_n be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o step_n which_o lie_v level_v all_o the_o way_n and_o lead_v to_o the_o end_n at_o which_o the_o author_n aim_v they_o and_o therefore_o can_v easy_o permit_v a_o deviation_n from_o their_o true_a sense_n or_o suffer_v their_o mean_v to_o be_v mistake_v 19_o the_o word_n in_o which_o law_n be_v conceive_v be_v best_a interpret_v by_o the_o common_a practice_n of_o those_o
procedure_n will_v bear_v i_o out_o and_o justify_v i_o for_o the_o same_o inducement_n i_o have_v very_o frequent_o draw_v my_o argument_n from_o metaphysic_n be_v well_o assure_v that_o such_o medium_n do_v make_v the_o discourse_n build_v on_o they_o approach_v near_o to_o self-evidence_n nor_o do_v i_o fear_v it_o shall_v be_v object_v that_o in_o a_o logical_a treatise_n i_o bring_v such_o instance_n and_o corollary_n as_o entrench_v upon_o and_o make_v a_o inroad_n into_o divers_a other_o science_n rather_o i_o must_v profess_v that_o i_o hold_v it_o a_o precise_a duty_n in_o my_o circumstance_n because_o logic_n or_o the_o art_n of_o reason_v be_v a_o common_a instrument_n to_o attain_v all_o science_n i_o be_v to_o show_v how_o it_o be_v upon_o occasion_n to_o be_v apply_v to_o as_o many_o of_o they_o as_o i_o can_v so_o i_o do_v not_o make_v unreasonable_a excursion_n to_o hunt_v for_o they_o in_o foreign_a subject_n but_o that_o they_o light_v natural_o in_o my_o way_n last_o i_o think_v it_o become_v a_o lover_n of_o peace_n and_o union_n among_o christian_n to_o endeavour_v they_o shall_v not_o wrangle_v about_o equivocal_a word_n so_o their_o meaning_n be_v justifiable_a in_o a_o word_n it_o be_v connexion_n of_o term_n which_o i_o only_o esteem_v as_o proper_a to_o advance_v science_n where_o i_o find_v not_o such_o connexion_n and_o the_o discourse_n ground_v on_o self-evident_a principle_n or_o which_o be_v the_o same_o on_o the_o metaphysical_a verity_n of_o the_o subject_a which_o engage_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n i_o neither_o expect_v science_n can_v be_v gain_v nor_o the_o method_n to_o science_n establish_v but_o this_o do_v i_o make_v account_v both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o may_v be_v hope_v for_o how_o well_o i_o have_v behave_v myself_o in_o attempt_v this_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o those_o who_o be_v the_o proper_a umpire_n in_o such_o matter_n i_o mean_v yourselves_o your_o true_a honourer_n and_o humble_a servant_n i._o s._n the_o method_n to_o science_n book_n i._n lesson_n i._o of_o notion_n or_o the_o very_a first_o ground_n on_o which_o all_o science_n be_v build_v 1._o we_o experience_n that_o impression_n be_v make_v upon_o our_o sense_n and_o that_o those_o impression_n be_v different_a according_a to_o the_o different_a nature_n of_o the_o object_n that_o imprint_v they_o 2._o we_o experience_v also_o that_o those_o impression_n do_v not_o stay_v in_o the_o outward_a sense_n but_o reach_v the_o soul_n and_o affect_v it_o 3._o every_o thing_n be_v receive_v according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o subject_a that_o receive_v it_o and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o soul_n be_v a_o capacity_n of_o knowledge_n hence_o those_o impression_n must_v so_o affect_v the_o soul_n as_o to_o cause_v some_o kind_n of_o knowledge_n in_o she_o how_o rude_a and_o imperfect_a soever_o it_o may_v yet_o be_v 4._o the_o impression_n from_o object_n that_o affect_v the_o sense_n and_o by_o they_o the_o soul_n do_v carry_v the_o very_a nature_n of_o those_o object_n along_o with_o they_o and_o imprint_v they_o in_o the_o soul_n which_o print_v or_o as_o it_o be_v stamp_n as_o receive_v in_o the_o understanding_n we_o call_v notion_n 5._o wherefore_o notion_n be_v the_o first_o and_o rude_a draught_n of_o knowledge_n be_v most_o simple_a and_o natural_o wrought_v in_o the_o soul_n by_o the_o stroke_n of_o occur_v object_n without_o any_o industry_n or_o active_a concurrence_n on_o our_o part_n 6._o that_o these_o notion_n be_v the_o very_a nature_n of_o the_o thing_n or_o the_o thing_n itself_o exist_v in_o we_o intellectual_o and_o not_o a_o bare_a idea_n or_o similitude_n of_o it_o appear_v hence_o evident_o that_o when_o we_o say_v interior_o or_o judge_v a_o stone_n be_v hard_a we_o do_v not_o intend_v to_o affirm_v that_o the_o likeness_n or_o idea_n of_o a_o stone_n be_v hard_a but_o the_o very_a stone_n itself_o and_o be_v it_o not_o so_o the_o proposition_n will_v be_v false_a for_o the_o similitude_n of_o a_o stone_n in_o our_o mind_n be_v not_o hard_a whereas_o yet_o we_o be_v well_o assure_v that_o proposition_n be_v true_a 7._o again_o we_o experience_n that_o we_o consider_v judge_n and_o discourse_n of_o the_o very_a thing_n itself_o and_o of_o its_o very_a nature_n which_o these_o be_v interior_a or_o immanent_a act_n breed_v and_o perfect_v within_o our_o soul_n we_o can_v not_o do_v unless_o the_o object_n of_o those_o act_n or_o the_o very_a thing_n themselves_o be_v there_o 8._o last_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o we_o have_v in_o our_o soul_n the_o full_a and_o complete_a sense_n of_o this_o proposition_n and_o notion_n of_o every_o distinct_a part_n of_o it_o viz._n there_o be_v in_o i_o the_o idea_n or_o likeness_n of_o a_o stone_n therefore_o there_o be_v in_o i_o something_o signify_v by_o the_o word_n stone_n not_o only_o distinct_a from_o idea_n and_o likeness_n but_o moreover_o relative_o opposite_a to_o it_o as_o the_o thing_n represent_v be_v to_o that_o which_o represent_v it_o which_o can_v be_v nothing_o but_o the_o very_a stone_n itself_o 9_o nor_o need_v it_o cause_v any_o wonder_n that_o the_o same_o ens_fw-la or_o thing_n may_v have_v diverse_a manner_n of_o exist_v one_o corporeal_a the_o other_o intellectual_a or_o spiritual_a since_o the_o thing_n v._n g._n peter_n 〈…〉_z abstract_n even_o from_o existence_n it_o self_n for_o it_o be_v not_o find_v in_o the_o notion_n or_o mean_v of_o that_o word_n that_o the_o thing_n signify_v by_o it_o exist_v or_o not_o exist_v much_o more_o than_o do_v the_o notion_n of_o thing_n abstract_n from_o that_o be_v be_v indifferent_a to_o all_o manner_n of_o exist_v 10._o the_o word_n notion_n simple_a apprehension_n conception_n and_o mean_v be_v all_o synonymous_a term_n they_o be_v call_v notion_n because_o they_o be_v the_o part_n or_o element_n of_o knowledge_n which_o put_v and_o consider_v together_o make_v cognition_n wâ—ich_a be_v proper_a and_o complete_a knowledge_n they_o be_v call_v simple_a apprehension_n to_o distinguish_v they_o â—rom_o judgement_n which_o be_v compound_v of_o more_o notion_n and_o belong_v to_o the_o second_o operation_n of_o our_o understanding_n or_o rather_o because_o by_o they_o we_o simple_o or_o bare_o apprehend_v that_o be_v say_v hold_v of_o or_o take_v into_o we_o the_o thing_n about_o which_o we_o afterwards_o judge_v or_o discourse_n they_o be_v call_v meaning_n because_o they_o affect_v the_o mind_n which_o only_o can_v mean_v or_o intend_v or_o else_o in_o relation_n to_o the_o word_n who_o meaning_n they_o be_v they_o be_v call_v conception_n in_o order_n to_o the_o power_n which_o impregnate_v by_o the_o object_n conceive_v or_o as_o it_o be_v breed_v they_o as_o the_o embryo_n of_o knowledge_n last_o they_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n because_o as_o be_v show_v they_o be_v such_o essential_o and_o formal_o in_o nothing_o differ_v from_o they_o but_o only_o that_o they_o connotate_v a_o new_a manner_n of_o exist_v which_o 6._o be_v extrinsecal_n to_o the_o thing_n and_o to_o the_o nature_n or_o essence_n of_o it_o the_o word_n idea_n be_v the_o least_o proper_a because_o it_o seem_v to_o signify_v a_o bare_a similitude_n unless_o the_o user_n of_o it_o will_v express_v themselves_o to_o take_v it_o in_o that_o sense_n in_o which_o we_o take_v the_o word_n notion_n here_o or_o as_o we_o use_v to_o understand_v it_o when_o we_o say_v that_o the_o idea_n of_o all_o thing_n be_v in_o the_o divine_a intellect_n before_o they_o be_v create_v that_o be_v their_o very_a essence_n 11._o notion_n be_v call_v simple_a apprehension_n not_o from_o the_o fewness_n of_o the_o word_n that_o express_v they_o nor_o from_o their_o not_o have_v any_o grammatical_a composition_n or_o syntax_n in_o they_o but_o from_o the_o nature_n or_o manner_n of_o this_o operation_n of_o our_o understanding_n for_o since_o as_o be_v say_v they_o be_v call_v simple_a apprehension_n because_o by_o they_o we_o simple_o or_o bare_o apprehend_v or_o lie_v hold_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n intellectual_o it_o matter_n not_o how_o many_o or_o how_o few_o the_o word_n be_v so_o we_o do_v no_o more_o than_o mere_o apprehend_v or_o take_v the_o mean_v of_o the_o word_n or_o the_o notion_n into_o our_o mind_n without_o judge_v or_o discourse_v of_o they_o whence_o we_o may_v have_v a_o simple_a apprehension_n of_o a_o long_a sentence_n nay_o of_o a_o whole_a sermon_n or_o a_o great_a book_n as_o long_o as_o we_o do_v not_o set_v ourselves_o to_o judge_n or_o discourse_n of_o the_o truth_n or_o falsehood_n of_o what_o be_v say_v or_o write_v but_o pure_o to_o apprehend_v the_o sense_n or_o mean_v of_o the_o speaker_n or_o writer_n 12._o notion_n be_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n in_o
proper_a answer_n be_v such_o as_o these_o when_o be_v christ_n bear_v ans._n 1696_o year_n ago_o when_o will_v there_o be_v a_o leap-year_n ans._n this_o year_n when_o do_v mustapha_n the_o turkish_a emperor_n begin_v his_o reign_n ans._n the_o last_o year_n 9_o the_o difference_n of_o quando_fw-la be_v past_n present_a and_o future_a though_o the_o present_n be_v not_o in_o reality_n it_o be_v a_o instant_a and_o indivisible_a yet_o since_o our_o understanding_n can_v comprise_v such_o a_o portion_n of_o time_n into_o one_o notion_n and_o consider_v it_o and_o conceive_v it_o and_o thence_o speak_v of_o it_o by_o a_o participle_n of_o the_o present_a tense_n and_o as_o one_o entire_a part_n of_o time_n and_o say_v it_o be_v run_v till_o as_o much_o as_o we_o have_v frame_v a_o notion_n of_o be_v run_v out_o or_o end_v hence_o we_o can_v true_o say_v something_o be_v do_v this_o present_a age_n year_n month_n day_n and_o hour_n nay_o this_o very_a moment_n take_v moment_n for_o some_o short_a indeterminate_a part_n of_o time_n 10._o the_o difference_n of_o past_a and_o future_a be_v more_o and_o less_o distant_a from_o the_o present_v prefix_v time_n for_o past_a signify_v before_o it_o future_a after_o it_o inferior_a difference_n also_o must_v be_v take_v from_o some_o determinate_a point_n as_o it_o be_v as_o from_o the_o creation_n the_o first_o olympiad_n the_o birth_n of_o our_o saviour_n etc._n etc._n note_v that_o it_o be_v very_o nice_o to_o be_v remark_v that_o when_o question_n be_v ask_v by_o how_o much_o or_o how_o little_a of_o time_n the_o answer_n belong_v to_o the_o predicament_n of_o successive_a quantity_n whence_o a_o age_n a_o year_n a_o month_n etc._n etc._n be_v quantitative_a notion_n divide_v by_o more_o and_o less_o of_o successive_a quantity_n or_o motion_n and_o constitute_v by_o they_o and_o only_o what_o answer_v precise_o to_o when_o belong_v to_o this_o predicament_n of_o quando_fw-la thus_o if_o we_o ask_v how_o long_a time_n it_o be_v since_o the_o invasion_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n the_o answer_n be_v six_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o year_n which_o be_v a_o quantitative_a notion_n consist_v of_o both_o continue_v and_o discrete_a quantity_n but_o if_o you_o ask_v when_o be_v the_o first_o olympiad_n the_o answer_n will_v be_v in_o the_o three_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o twenty_o eight_o year_n from_o the_o creation_n and_o so_o it_o will_v belong_v to_o this_o head_n for_o than_o it_o formal_o signify_v that_o the_o motion_n or_o action_n of_o the_o game_n in_o the_o first_o olympiad_n be_v celebrate_v while_o such_o a_o part_n of_o the_o sun_n motion_n be_v pass_v the_o predicament_n of_o situation_n and_o habit_n be_v of_o little_a use_n therefore_o not_o worth_a the_o dilate_v on_o they_o lesson_n xi_o of_o the_o expression_n of_o our_o notion_n by_o word_n 1._o notion_n be_v as_o be_v say_v the_o meaning_n of_o word_n it_o come_v next_o to_o be_v examine_v what_o advantage_n or_o disadvantage_n may_v accrue_v to_o science_n by_o the_o express_v our_o notion_n by_o word_n either_o distinct_o or_o confuse_o if_o the_o word_n have_v but_o one_o sense_n or_o signification_n either_o take_v alone_o or_o as_o apply_v to_o other_o notion_n it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v vnivocal_a or_o to_o be_v speak_v vnivocal_o of_o they_o because_o vex_v or_o word_n differ_v from_o mere_a sound_n in_o this_o that_o a_o voice_n be_v apt_a to_o express_v our_o inward_a sense_n mind_n or_o notion_n so_o that_o sense_n seem_v to_o be_v the_o form_n or_o soul_n of_o a_o word_n and_o sound_v only_o the_o material_a part_n or_o as_o it_o be_v the_o body_n of_o it_o hence_o a_o word_n be_v say_v to_o be_v vnivocal_a when_o it_o have_v but_o one_o sense_n or_o mean_v and_o equivocal_a when_o it_o have_v or_o may_v have_v more_o 2._o since_o as_o 1_o be_v prove_v above_o notion_n be_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n in_o our_o understanding_n and_o so_o can_v have_v no_o falsity_n in_o regard_n they_o have_v their_o metaphysical_a verity_n that_o be_v they_o be_v what_o they_o be_v and_o can_v be_v other_o than_o they_o be_v nor_o can_v they_o have_v formal_a falsity_n for_o this_o consist_v in_o the_o compound_v two_o notion_n together_o by_o affirm_v or_o deny_v neither_o of_o which_o be_v find_v in_o notion_n or_o simple_a apprehension_n which_o be_v not_o thus_o compound_v hence_o no_o error_n can_v possible_o proceed_v from_o the_o notion_n but_o all_o truth_n wherefore_o be_v all_o word_n vnivocal_a and_o have_v but_o one_o notion_n or_o mean_v there_o can_v be_v no_o more_o possibility_n of_o error_n from_o word_n than_o there_o can_v be_v from_o the_o notion_n themselves_o which_o be_v signify_v by_o those_o word_n wherefore_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o word_n be_v equivocal_a that_o be_v ambiguous_a or_o liable_a to_o be_v take_v in_o a_o double_a mean_v or_o which_o be_v the_o same_o to_o signify_v diverse_a notion_n and_o it_o happen_v that_o some_o of_o the_o person_n that_o use_v they_o do_v take_v they_o in_o one_o sense_n other_o in_o another_o they_o must_v necessary_o speak_v and_o discourse_v of_o different_a thing_n and_o so_o fall_v into_o different_a sentiment_n and_o contradict_v one_o another_o 3._o hence_o suppose_v the_o person_n be_v sincere_a and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o fault_n in_o their_o will_n most_o of_o the_o contest_v and_o wrangling_n in_o the_o world_n do_v arise_v from_o the_o equivocal_a mean_v of_o word_n for_o since_o the_o use_v of_o word_n be_v common_a to_o all_o mankind_n and_o most_o single_a word_n be_v equivocal_a and_o the_o contexture_n of_o they_o or_o the_o whole_a clause_n may_v also_o be_v oftentimes_o take_v in_o a_o different_a sense_n hence_o unless_o the_o double_a sense_n of_o the_o word_n be_v clear_v and_o distinguish_v innumerable_a and_o endless_a contest_v must_v necessary_o happen_v from_o the_o equivocal_a mean_v of_o those_o word_n 4._o write_a word_n be_v far_o more_o liable_a to_o those_o inconvenience_n than_o word_n speak_v especial_o if_o the_o author_n of_o those_o write_a word_n be_v dead_a and_o no_o certain_a way_n of_o interpret_n they_o be_v agree_v on_o by_o all_o party_n for_o if_o a_o equivocation_n happen_v in_o word_n speak_v the_o speaker_n if_o alive_a may_v easy_o come_v to_o see_v he_o be_v misunderstand_v and_o by_o a_o pertinent_a distinction_n show_v the_o double_a sense_n of_o the_o word_n and_o in_o which_o of_o the_o sense_n he_o mean_v it_o may_v come_v to_o a_o right_a understanding_n with_o his_o opposite_a which_o be_v impossible_a in_o write_a word_n when_o the_o author_n be_v dead_a and_o there_o be_v no_o certain_a way_n of_o interpret_n those_o word_n agree_v on_o as_o it_o happen_v in_o the_o follower_n of_o aristotle_n or_o any_o other_o dead_a author_n corol._n i._o this_o method_n or_o way_n of_o interpret_n such_o word_n must_v either_o be_v evident_a of_o itself_o or_o make_v evident_a by_o proof_n and_o it_o must_v beside_o be_v agree_v by_o both_o the_o contend_a party_n evident_a because_o it_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o principle_n to_o find_v out_o the_o true_a sense_n of_o the_o author_n and_o it_o must_v be_v agree_v on_o for_o otherwise_o the_o principle_n not_o be_v yield_v to_o all_o contest_v which_o depend_v upon_o that_o principle_n must_v remain_v undecided_a and_o end_n if_o they_o ever_o do_v so_o in_o a_o mere_a logomachy_n or_o word-skirmish_n 5._o for_o the_o same_o reason_n even_o the_o same_o person_n if_o he_o be_v delude_v by_o the_o ambiguous_a sound_n of_o a_o word_n and_o through_o inadvertence_n or_o want_n of_o skill_n to_o keep_v his_o thought_n steady_a happen_v to_o take_v it_o now_o in_o one_o sense_n now_o in_o another_o must_v necessary_o blunder_v in_o his_o discourse_n and_o speak_v incoherent_o for_o since_o the_o true_a notion_n of_o the_o thing_n do_v ground_n all_o our_o knowledge_n of_o it_o and_o all_o our_o discourse_n concern_v it_o it_o follow_v that_o he_o who_o proceed_v now_o upon_o one_o notion_n then_o upon_o another_o must_v needs_o vary_v and_o hobble_v in_o his_o discourse_n and_o talk_v incoherent_o have_v no_o certain_a and_o fix_a notion_n afford_v he_o light_n to_o guide_v his_o step_n to_o the_o same_o end_n or_o take_v the_o right_a way_n to_o it_o 6._o the_o mean_v of_o those_o word_n that_o express_v natural_a notion_n be_v to_o be_v take_v from_o the_o vulgar_a and_o the_o sense_n of_o artificial_a word_n from_o man_n who_o be_v learned_a in_o those_o respective_a art_n for_o the_o signification_n of_o word_n can_v only_o be_v take_v from_o the_o author_n and_o user_n of_o they_o which_o in_o the_o former_a sort_n of_o word_n be_v the_o vulgar_a in_o the_o late_a man_n of_o art_n 7._o hence_o criticism_n general_o speak_v be_v incompetent_a to_o give_v we_o the_o
who_o be_v subject_a to_o those_o law_n for_o since_o those_o law_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o common_a practice_n and_o the_o common_a practice_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o those_o law_n hence_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o law_n be_v demonstrate_v by_o the_o common_a practice_n a_o posteriori_fw-la 20._o but_o the_o very_o best_a and_o most_o assure_a way_n to_o detect_v and_o avoid_v equivocation_n in_o all_o word_n whatever_o be_v to_o observe_v and_o examine_v whether_o the_o same_o definition_n agree_v to_o the_o word_n as_o find_v in_o diverse_a place_n for_o since_o the_o definition_n consist_v of_o a_o determinate_a genus_fw-la and_o its_o intrinsecal_n or_o proper_a difference_n it_o must_v needs_o give_v we_o the_o precise_a notion_n or_o mean_v of_o the_o word_n since_o if_o it_o be_v either_o under_o any_o other_o genus_fw-la or_o constitute_v by_o any_o other_o difference_n the_o essence_n which_o they_o constitute_v must_v needs_o be_v a_o different_a essence_n and_o therefore_o the_o word_n which_o signify_v it_o must_v necessary_o have_v another_o mean_v or_o notion_n corol._n v._o word_n be_v invent_v to_o express_v sense_n or_o mean_v it_o follow_v that_o those_o word_n that_o have_v many_o sense_n and_o all_o of_o they_o true_a and_o coherent_a to_o one_o another_o have_v the_o high_a perfection_n that_o word_n can_v possible_o have_v wherefore_o those_o passage_n in_o holy_a scripture_n that_o bear_v both_o a_o literal_a tropological_a or_o moral_a analogical_a and_o anagogical_a sense_n or_o several_a of_o they_o be_v of_o a_o more_o sublime_a nature_n than_o other_o word_n be_v and_o argue_v that_o they_o be_v indict_v by_o a_o divine_a author_n book_n ii_o of_o the_o second_o operation_n of_o our_o understanding_n or_o judgement_n lesson_n i._o of_o the_o nature_n of_o judgement_n or_o proposition_n in_o common_a of_o their_o part_n of_o the_o ground_n of_o their_o verification_n and_o of_o the_o several_a manner_n of_o predicate_v 1._o have_v treat_v of_o notion_n and_o of_o their_o clear_a distinction_n and_o expression_n to_o that_o degree_n as_o may_v be_v sufficient_a for_o science_n it_o follow_v of_o course_n that_o we_o treat_v next_o of_o cognition_n or_o the_o put_n together_o of_o notion_n and_o this_o not_o join_v they_o together_o on_o any_o fashion_n by_o rote_n as_o it_o be_v in_o our_o memory_n as_o a_o schoolboy_n get_v a_o latin_a sentence_n without_o book_n the_o meaning_n of_o who_o word_n he_o understand_v and_o revolve_v in_o his_o mind_n but_o regard_v not_o whether_o it_o be_v true_a or_o no_o nor_o yet_o the_o put_v they_o together_o according_a to_o grammatical_a congruity_n as_o be_v this_o sentence_n virtue_n and_o vice_n be_v both_o equal_o laudable_a in_o which_o the_o word_n do_v cohere_v indeed_o according_a to_o grammar_n rule_n but_o the_o sense_n be_v false_a and_o incoherent_a but_o as_o the_o word_n cognition_n import_v it_o must_v be_v the_o connect_v or_o join_v they_o together_o 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all_o truth_n be_v take_v from_o the_o thing_n we_o can_v be_v say_v to_o know_v it_o to_o be_v true_a 3._o judge_v in_o proper_a speech_n be_v not_o mere_o and_o precise_o the_o see_v or_o know_v that_o the_o notion_n be_v connect_v but_o the_o say_v interior_o or_o assent_v hearty_o that_o they_o be_v so_o otherwise_o since_o nothing_o can_v be_v know_v to_o be_v so_o but_o what_o be_v so_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o there_o will_v be_v no_o false_a judgement_n wherefore_o judge_v add_v to_o the_o mere_a notion_n of_o knowledge_n that_o it_o be_v the_o subdue_a of_o all_o hesitation_n or_o the_o fixure_n of_o our_o intellective_a faculty_n about_o the_o verity_n or_o falsity_n of_o any_o thing_n whence_o judge_v be_v the_o effect_n immediate_o and_o necessary_o result_v from_o our_o knowledge_n that_o the_o notion_n be_v real_o connect_v when_o it_o be_v a_o true_a judgement_n or_o else_o from_o our_o only_a conceit_v they_o to_o be_v connect_v when_o the_o judgement_n be_v false_a whence_o this_o be_v a_o right_a consequence_n i_o see_v or_o know_v the_o notion_n cohere_v therefore_o i_o judge_v the_o say_v or_o sentence_n that_o signify_v they_o be_v connect_v to_o be_v true_a which_o be_v the_o method_n that_o all_o rational_a or_o judicious_a man_n take_v whereas_o passionate_a or_o ignorant_a man_n who_o be_v blind_o addict_v to_o their_o own_o sentiment_n take_v the_o contrary_a way_n and_o will_v have_v the_o notion_n to_o cohere_v and_o the_o proposition_n to_o be_v true_a because_o they_o have_v prejudge_v it_o so_o upon_o some_o other_o motive_n than_o the_o see_v that_o the_o term_n themselves_o be_v indeed_o connect_v it_o will_v be_v object_v that_o knowledge_n also_o fix_v our_o understanding_n and_o therefore_o know_v be_v judge_v i_o answer_v that_o to_o fix_v the_o understanding_n so_o as_o to_o acquiesce_v to_o what_o it_o see_v be_v to_o make_v it_o judge_n but_o the_o notion_n of_o know_v be_v complete_v in_o the_o bare_a see_v the_o term_n connect_v and_o be_v terminate_v in_o regard_v the_o object_n or_o the_o proposition_n that_o be_v know_v but_o judge_v superadd_n to_o it_o that_o it_o be_v moreover_o the_o yield_a to_o reject_v all_o far_a disquisition_n and_o adhere_v firm_o to_o that_o knowledge_n which_o though_o the_o distinction_n between_o they_o be_v nice_a and_o delicate_a be_v another_o consideration_n superad_v to_o mere_a know_v and_o sink_v and_o rivet_n the_o object_n more_o deep_o and_o unremovable_o in_o the_o soul_n last_o the_o intuitive_a knowledge_n of_o pure_a spirit_n be_v true_a knowledge_n but_o it_o be_v not_o make_v by_o our_o way_n of_o judge_v in_o regard_n they_o neither_o abstract_n nor_o compound_v or_o divide_v notion_n 4._o hence_o be_v see_v that_o to_o make_v judgement_n of_o thing_n out_o of_o true_a knowledge_n be_v the_o great_a natural_a perfection_n our_o soul_n be_v capable_a of_o for_o since_o nothing_o can_v be_v know_v to_o be_v so_o but_o what_o be_v so_o or_o true_a all_o judgement_n result_v from_o true_a knowledge_n not_o only_o fill_v our_o mind_n with_o truth_n but_o be_v moreoever_o a_o firm_a adhesion_n to_o truth_n and_o the_o secure_a possession_n of_o those_o incomparable_a endowment_n which_o be_v the_o best_a perfection_n of_o our_o understanding_n and_o make_v we_o like_o the_o god_n of_o truth_n nor_o end_v the_o advantage_n we_o gain_v by_o truth_n in_o mere_a speculation_n but_o truth_n exclude_v from_o its_o notion_n all_o possible_a error_n it_o make_v it_o impossible_a we_o shall_v ever_o embrace_v any_o error_n while_o we_o thus_o judge_n which_o since_o omnis_fw-la peccans_fw-la ignorat_fw-la and_o that_o every_o sinner_n as_o the_o proverb_n be_v have_v his_o blind_a side_n must_v therefore_o if_o truth_n be_v express_a in_o our_o understanding_n and_o keep_v awake_a there_o preserve_v such_o a_o mind_n from_o sin_n and_o by_o make_v right_a and_o lively_a judgement_n of_o our_o present_a and_o future_a state_n and_o of_o our_o several_a duty_n here_o most_o certain_o bring_v we_o to_o eternal_a happiness_n hereafter_o 5._o that_o speech_n that_o connect_v notion_n in_o order_n to_o knowledge_n or_o express_v a_o judgement_n be_v call_v a_o proposition_n that_o be_v such_o a_o speech_n as_o propose_v the_o notion_n and_o put_v they_o into_o such_o a_o frame_n or_o posture_n of_o connexion_n as_o best_o serve_v for_o we_o to_o judge_n whether_o they_o be_v real_o connect_v or_o no._n whence_o it_o must_v consist_v of_o three_o part_n viz._n that_o which_o be_v affirm_v or_o deny_v of_o another_o which_o in_o a_o artificial_a term_n we_o call_v predicate_v and_o that_o notion_n the_o predicate_a that_o of_o which_o it_o be_v affirm_v or_o deny_v call_v the_o subject_a and_o that_o notion_n which_o signify_v their_o connexion_n call_v the_o copula_fw-la the_o two_o first_o be_v also_o call_v the_o term_n
proposition_n be_v direct_o opposite_a to_o contradiction_n since_o man_n wit_n can_v invent_v a_o proposition_n direct_o opposite_a to_o what_o run_v run_v not_o but_z what_o run_v run_v which_o be_v perfect_o identical_a add_v that_o all_o fault_n consist_v in_o this_o that_o it_o be_v a_o privation_n of_o the_o opposite_a good_a contradiction_n will_v not_o be_v at_o all_o faulty_a but_o that_o they_o violate_v the_o truth_n of_o identical_a proposition_n as_o have_v be_v now_o prove_v since_o there_o be_v no_o other_o truth_n which_o they_o direct_o and_o formal_o oppose_v or_o destroy_v 12._o again_o as_o will_v be_v see_v hereafter_o to_o conclude_v be_v to_o show_v the_o term_n of_o the_o conclusion_n to_o be_v connect_v by_o their_o be_v connect_v with_o a_o three_o or_o middle_a term_n in_o the_o premise_n but_o how_o can_v we_o show_v that_o middle_a term_n be_v real_o connect_v with_o those_o two_o other_o term_n in_o the_o premise_n by_o find_v still_o another_o middle_a term_n to_o be_v connect_v with_o the_o term_n of_o the_o proposition_n to_o be_v prove_v and_o how_o far_o must_v this_o go_v on_o endless_o or_o no_o if_o endless_o it_o be_v impossible_a any_o thing_n shall_v ever_o come_v to_o be_v prove_v if_o not_o than_o we_o must_v come_v to_o some_o proposition_n who_o term_n be_v so_o connect_v that_o no_o middle_a term_n can_v come_v between_o they_o that_o be_v such_o as_o can_v be_v connect_v by_o mean_n of_o another_o that_o be_v which_o can_v be_v prove_v or_o make_v evident_a that_o be_v which_o be_v self-connected_n or_o self-evident_a that_o be_v which_o be_v formal_o identical_a to_o enforce_v this_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o the_o more_o remote_a the_o term_n of_o a_o proposition_n be_v from_o formal_a identity_n the_o less_o evident_a they_o be_v and_o the_o more_o prooâ—_n they_o require_v as_o also_o that_o they_o grow_v still_o near_o to_o evidence_n according_a to_o the_o degree_n of_o their_o approach_v to_o be_v formal_o the_o same_o wherefore_o since_o all_o approach_n of_o distant_a thing_n end_n in_o their_o conjoin_v and_o centre_v in_o the_o same_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o all_o approach_v of_o distant_a notion_n end_n in_o their_o be_v the_o same_o in_o notion_n or_o in_o a_o proposition_n formal_o identical_a as_o in_o a_o first_o and_o self-evident_a principle_n 13._o beside_o all_o causality_n or_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o nature_n be_v final_o refund_v into_o this_o self-evident_a principle_n that_o thing_n be_v such_o as_o they_o be_v that_o be_v be_v what_o they_o be_v for_o since_o a_o effect_n be_v a_o participation_n of_o something_o that_o be_v in_o the_o cause_n and_o the_o cause_n as_o such_o be_v that_o which_o impart_v or_o communicate_v something_a it_o have_v to_o the_o matter_n on_o which_o it_o work_v its_o effect_n again_o since_o the_o effect_n be_v such_o as_o the_o cause_n be_v as_o to_o that_o which_o be_v impart_v to_o it_o and_o if_o the_o cause_n be_v of_o another_o sort_n the_o effect_n still_o vary_v according_o there_o can_v be_v no_o doubt_n but_o that_o causality_n be_v the_o imprint_v the_o existence_n of_o that_o essence_n or_o thing_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n upon_o the_o matter_n whence_o follow_v evident_o that_o the_o very_a notion_n of_o natural_a causality_n and_o the_o whole_a efficacy_n of_o it_o consist_v in_o the_o cause_n exist_v that_o be_v be_v what_o it_o be_v only_o motion_n be_v add_v as_o a_o common_a requisite_a to_o apply_v that_o exi_a cause_n better_o or_o worse_o which_o be_v refund_v into_o a_o nature_n superior_a to_o body_n as_o will_v be_v show_v 7_o hereafter_o 14._o last_o god_n himself_o have_v express_v his_o own_o supreme_a essence_n by_o this_o identical_a proposition_n ego_fw-la sum_n qui_fw-la sum_n that_o be_v i_o exist_v or_o be_o existence_n which_o be_v the_o same_o in_o a_o manner_n with_o self_n existence_n be_v self-existence_n which_o therefore_o be_v the_o first_o increated_a truth_n as_o it_o be_v the_o first_o create_v one_o that_o what_o be_v be_v or_o a_o thing_n be_v what_o it_o be_v which_o be_v therefore_o true_a because_o god_n be_v what_o he_o be_v or_o because_o self-existence_n be_v self-existence_n from_o which_o divine_a and_o sovereign_a verity_n all_o our_o create_a first_o principle_n derive_v their_o truth_n for_o be_v not_o this_o true_a all_o our_o identical_a proposition_n and_o first_o principle_n will_v all_o be_v false_a in_o regard_n they_o have_v their_o verity_n from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o of_o our_o understanding_n neither_o of_o which_o can_v have_v their_o metaphysical_a verity_n nor_o consequent_o can_v they_o ground_n or_o be_v capable_a of_o any_o truth_n at_o all_o if_o self-existence_n their_o cause_n be_v not_o self-existence_n and_o thence_o unlimited_a in_o power_n wisdom_n and_o goodness_n to_o create_v and_o conserve_v those_o being_n which_o be_v the_o foundation_n of_o all_o the_o truth_n we_o have_v or_o can_v have_v the_o reader_n be_v desire_v to_o refer_v this_o section_n to_o the_o three_o corollary_n and_o to_o consider_v they_o well_o together_o because_o they_o mutual_o give_v light_n to_o one_o another_o and_o if_o we_o right_o consider_v it_o as_o the_o proposition_n homo_fw-la est_fw-la homo_fw-la be_v only_o the_o reduce_v the_o metaphysical_a verity_n of_o homo_fw-la into_o a_o formal_a truth_n so_o self_n existence_n be_v self-existence_n be_v the_o same_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o sovereign_n metaphysical_a verity_n of_o the_o divine_a nature_n corol._n iu._n hence_o be_v see_v that_o a_o atheist_n can_v have_v no_o perfect_o certain_a knowledge_n or_o evidence_n of_o any_o thing_n but_o that_o by_o deny_v his_o maker_n he_o deserve_o come_v to_o lose_v the_o best_a perfection_n of_o his_o own_o nature_n for_o if_o a_o sceptic_a shall_v put_v he_o to_o prove_v that_o thing_n have_v any_o metaphysical_a verity_n in_o they_o ground_v our_o first_o principle_n and_o consequent_o all_o our_o knowledge_n and_o object_n that_o for_o any_o thing_n he_o know_v thing_n be_v chimerical_a and_o so_o contrive_v as_o to_o beget_v in_o we_o false_a judgement_n he_o be_v utter_o at_o a_o loss_n through_o his_o deny_v a_o first_o cause_n who_o unchangeable_a and_o essential_a truth_n and_o goodness_n have_v establish_v their_o nature_n to_o be_v unalterable_o what_o they_o be_v whence_o only_o any_o certain_a and_o evident_a knowledge_n of_o they_o be_v possible_a to_o be_v attain_v 15._o definition_n though_o very_o useful_a to_o science_n be_v not_o self_n evident_a nor_o be_v those_o proposition_n that_o predicate_v the_o definition_n of_o the_o notion_n define_v first_o principle_n for_o self-evident_a principle_n by_o force_n of_o their_o very_a term_n do_v oblige_v the_o understanding_n to_o assent_v which_o such_o proposition_n do_v not_o again_o art_n be_v requisite_a to_o make_v such_o definition_n as_o be_v proper_a and_o adjust_v to_o the_o thing_n define_v whereas_o first_o principle_n must_v antecede_v all_o art_n and_o be_v know_v by_o the_o natural_a light_n of_o our_o understanding_n beside_o the_o possibility_n of_o be_v define_v go_v before_o the_o definition_n which_o possibility_n the_o thing_n have_v from_o its_o metaphysical_a verity_n determine_v it_o to_o be_v this_o and_o no_o other_o for_o if_o the_o thing_n be_v not_o true_o what_o it_o be_v it_o can_v not_o be_v exexplaind_v to_o be_v what_o it_o be_v be_v it_o not_o one_o that_o be_v undivided_a in_o its_o self_n and_o divide_v from_o all_o other_o it_o can_v not_o be_v comprise_v in_o one_o definition_n and_o if_o it_o be_v not_o determinate_o of_o this_o or_o that_o nature_n it_o be_v certain_a bound_n and_o limit_n can_v not_o be_v draw_v which_o be_v do_v by_o the_o definition_n whence_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o that_o proposition_n which_o affirm_v that_o a_o thing_n be_v what_o it_o be_v be_v the_o first_o principle_n and_o ground_n to_o all_o definition_n and_o therefore_o definition_n themselves_o be_v not_o first_a principle_n 16._o this_o be_v further_a evince_v because_o word_n be_v liable_a to_o equivocalness_n where_o there_o be_v more_o word_n as_o there_o be_v in_o definition_n there_o be_v more_o room_n for_o equivocation_n which_o inconvenience_n appear_v no_o where_o more_o than_o in_o the_o know_a definition_n of_o man_n for_o there_o want_v not_o many_o witty_a or_o rather_o half-witted_a discourser_n who_o distinguish_v that_o be_v make_v ambiguous_a the_o word_n rational_a and_o do_v not_o stick_v to_o maintain_v that_o man_n be_v rational_a or_o conclude_v being_n the_o proper_a act_n of_o reason_n can_v conclude_v evident_o in_o line_n and_o number_n but_o not_o in_o logic_n physics_n ethic_n or_o metaphysic_n much_o less_o in_o theology_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o cramp_v the_o definition_n to_o less_o than_o half_a the_o sense_n the_o word_n contain_v there_o be_v other_o
now_o may_v walk_v hereafter_o a_o example_n of_o the_o late_a may_v be_v this_o two_o and_o three_o be_v even_o and_o odd._n five_o be_v two_o and_o three_o therefore_o five_o be_v even_o and_o odd._n where_o the_o major_n be_v false_a unless_o two_o and_o three_o be_v take_v divisive_o whereas_o in_o the_o minor_a they_o be_v take_v conjoint_o or_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o five_o be_v 6._o not_o two_o and_o three_o formal_o but_o only_o material_o in_o which_o sense_n aristotle_n say_v that_o bis_n tria_fw-la non_fw-la sunt_fw-la sex_n 16._o the_o seven_o fallacy_n be_v when_o the_o opponent_n argue_v à _fw-la dicto_fw-la secundum_fw-la quid_fw-la ad_fw-la dictum_fw-la simpliciter_fw-la which_o kind_n of_o fallacy_n be_v the_o erroneous_a principle_n that_o beget_v the_o vice_n of_o pride_n and_o therefore_o be_v peculiar_a to_o all_o proud_a people_n for_o the_o sin_n of_o pride_n do_v not_o consist_v in_o know_v what_o endowment_n any_o one_o true_o have_v or_o esteem_v himself_o as_o have_v such_o endowment_n for_o this_o be_v a_o truth_n and_o do_v he_o not_o know_v it_o and_o what_o degree_n of_o perfection_n it_o add_v to_o he_o he_o will_v neither_o strive_v to_o perfect_v himself_o nor_o know_v how_o much_o he_o be_v particular_o bind_v to_o love_n and_o thank_v god_n who_o bestow_v on_o he_o those_o accomplishment_n or_o advantage_n above_o other_o but_o pride_n as_o all_o other_o vice_n have_v have_v a_o lie_n for_o its_o principle_n and_o consist_v in_o this_o that_o a_o proud_a person_n over_o value_v himself_o and_o prefer_v himself_o absolute_o before_o all_o other_o that_o be_v conclude_v himself_o to_o be_v the_o very_o best_a or_o better_o than_o other_o and_o to_o deserve_v more_o esteem_n than_o they_o because_o he_o be_v good_a or_o estimable_a secundum_fw-la quid_fw-la or_o in_o some_o particular_a which_o be_v far_o short_a of_o render_v he_o so_o high_o estimable_a thus_o some_o self-conceited_a lady_n esteem_v or_o conclude_v herself_o to_o be_v the_o best_a woman_n in_o all_o the_o country_n because_o she_o have_v a_o new-fashioned_a gown_n or_o be_v fine_a handsome_a or_o rich_a than_o other_o thus_o a_o king_n or_o lord_n prefer_v himself_o absolute_o before_o all_o other_o because_o he_o have_v more_o power_n or_o can_v reckon_v up_o more_o title_n than_o other_o can_v thus_o a_o great_a scholar_n who_o be_v proud_a value_v himself_o absolute_o to_o be_v better_o than_o those_o who_o be_v unlearned_a whereas_o a_o poor_a ignorant_a ragged_a beggar_n who_o have_v more_o virtue_n or_o love_n of_o god_n in_o he_o have_v more_o intrinsic_a worth_n in_o he_o and_o be_v absolute_o speak_v more_o valuable_a than_o any_o or_o all_o of_o they_o notwithstanding_o their_o gayness_n beauty_n riches_n knowledge_n honour_n and_o power_n all_o the_o rest_n be_v but_o only_o good_a secundum_fw-la quid_fw-la and_o he_o be_v for_o his_o sanctity_n good_a and_o valuable_a simpliciter_fw-la 17._o thus_o much_o concern_v those_o fallacy_n that_o be_v worth_a note_n if_o indeed_o any_o of_o they_o do_v much_o deserve_v it_o for_o i_o can_v discern_v but_o that_o if_o the_o rule_n for_o distinguish_v our_o notion_n of_o predicate_v one_o of_o they_o of_o another_o and_o last_o the_o right_a method_n of_o argue_v both_o as_o to_o the_o matter_n and_o form_n of_o syllogism_n be_v observe_v exact_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o they_o that_o can_v require_v the_o treat_v of_o they_o so_o elaborate_o or_o make_v such_o a_o pother_n about_o they_o as_o author_n do_v the_o agree_v with_o our_o adversary_n about_o the_o mean_v of_o the_o word_n in_o which_o the_o question_n be_v conceive_v forestall_v those_o fallacy_n of_o ignoratio_fw-la elenchi_fw-la and_o that_o of_o beg_v the_o question_n last_o the_o doctrine_n give_v above_o how_o to_o detect_v the_o equivocation_n of_o single_a word_n will_v prevent_v any_o advantage_n that_o can_v be_v take_v from_o the_o ambiguity_n of_o the_o term_n and_o the_o rule_n of_o predicate_v by_o show_v how_o a_o word_n that_o be_v univocal_a take_v single_a may_v become_v equivocal_a by_o be_v join_v to_o different_a subject_n will_v defeat_v all_o stratagem_n that_o lurk_v secret_o in_o such_o proposition_n 15._o as_o be_v see_v in_o the_o first_o fallacy_n §_o 9_o the_o doctrine_n of_o use_v only_o such_o middle_a term_n as_o be_v either_o essential_a or_o proper_a cause_n and_o effect_n render_v ineffectual_a the_o fallacy_n ex_fw-la accidenti_fw-la as_o also_o those_o of_o non_fw-la causa_fw-la pro_fw-la causâ_fw-la and_o à _fw-la dicto_fw-la secundum_fw-la quid_fw-la ad_fw-la dictum_fw-la simpliciter_fw-la the_o common_a doctrine_n concern_v division_n viz._n that_o its_o member_n be_v adequate_a to_o the_o notion_n divide_v make_v void_a and_o insignificant_a that_o fallacy_n call_v mala_fw-la enumeratio_fw-la partium_fw-la in_o a_o word_n let_v but_o the_o rule_v give_v here_o be_v wary_o observe_v and_o it_o will_v scarce_o be_v possible_a the_o defender_n of_o truth_n shall_v be_v circumvent_v by_o any_o fallacious_a manner_n of_o argue_v but_o it_o will_v either_o be_v see_v that_o the_o term_n be_v ambiguous_a or_o which_o general_o happen_v it_o will_v be_v find_v that_o the_o syllogism_n have_v four_o term_n and_o so_o be_v no_o legitimate_a syllogism_n the_o subtle_a of_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o first_o for_o the_o single_a word_n animal_n seem_v to_o be_v take_v in_o the_o same_o sense_n both_o in_o the_o major_n and_o minor_a and_o have_v the_o same_o definition_n in_o both_o place_n and_o yet_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o different_a subject_n it_o be_v not_o predicate_v in_o the_o same_o sense_n but_o according_a to_o different_a part_n of_o its_o entire_a notion_n or_o signification_n whence_o the_o syllogism_n have_v four_o term_n in_o sense_n that_o be_v in_o reality_n or_o in_o our_o mind_n where_o syllogism_n be_v only_o proper_o and_o formal_o however_o the_o word_n animal_n be_v the_o same_o material_o 18._o the_o syllogism_n which_o be_v imply_v in_o every_o practical_a judgement_n of_o a_o sinner_n have_v four_o term_n or_o else_o one_o of_o the_o premise_n which_o he_o grant_v to_o himself_o be_v false_a and_o therefore_o both_o it_o and_o the_o action_n that_o proceed_v from_o it_o be_v a_o deviation_n from_o right_a reason_n and_o a_o perversion_n of_o human_a nature_n v_o g._n justice_n be_v to_o be_v do_v that_o satisfaction_n be_v take_v of_o my_o enemy_n who_o injure_v i_o be_v justice_n therefore_o that_o satisfaction_n be_v to_o be_v take_v by_o myself_o of_o my_o enemy_n be_v to_o be_v do_v or_o i_o may_v revenge_v myself_o where_o the_o major_n be_v true_a so_o be_v the_o minor_a but_o when_o the_o injure_a person_n come_v to_o conclude_v instead_o of_o the_o true_a conclusion_n therefore_o that_o satisfaction_n be_v take_v of_o he_o that_o injure_v i_o be_v to_o be_v do_v which_o abstract_n from_o who_o be_v to_o take_v that_o satisfaction_n or_o revenge_n whether_o himself_o or_o the_o magistrate_n who_o be_v the_o overseer_n of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o proper_a revenger_n of_o injury_n his_o passion_n and_o not_o right_a reason_n cog_v in_o a_o four_o term_n not_o find_v in_o the_o premise_n viz._n satisfaction_n be_v to_o be_v take_v by_o myself_o and_o the_o same_o may_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o practical_a judgement_n of_o any_o other_o sinner_n whether_o their_o sin_n be_v theft_n incontinency_n rebellion_n etc._n etc._n corol._n iii_o hence_o all_o right_n reason_v which_o cause_v science_n and_o truth_n be_v also_o of_o its_o own_o nature_n the_o parent_n of_o virtue_n and_o can_v dictate_v nothing_o but_o what_o tend_v to_o true_a morality_n as_o on_o the_o contrary_a all_o false_a reason_v do_v natural_o and_o necessary_o beget_v error_n and_o by_o mean_n of_o error_n lead_v to_o vice_n appendix_n the_o grand_a controversy_n concern_v formal_a mutation_n decide_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o peripatetic_a school_n common_a 1._o the_o main_n hinge_v on_o which_o the_o great_a contest_v between_o the_o peripatetic_n and_o antiperipatetick_n turn_v be_v whether_o or_o no_o there_o be_v that_o composition_n and_o division_n in_o natural_a body_n call_v formal_a and_o consequent_o formal_a mutation_n the_o corpuscularian_a philosopher_n and_o atomist_n deny_v there_o be_v any_o mutation_n in_o the_o thing_n itself_o either_o in_o the_o whole_a or_o any_o part_n of_o it_o and_o they_o affirm_v that_o there_o be_v only_o a_o extrinsecal_n application_n of_o particle_n figure_v move_v and_o place_v in_o various_a manner_n and_o consequent_o that_o the_o whole_a contexture_n of_o natural_a body_n be_v a_o mere_a mechanism_n on_o the_o contrary_a the_o peripatetic_n by_o which_o word_n i_o do_v not_o mean_v the_o common_a schoolman_n but_o those_o who_o take_v pain_n to_o understand_v aristotle_n either_o by_o his_o own_o book_n or_o by_o his_o first_o interpreter_n do_v grant_v some_o kind_n of_o particle_n and_o minima_fw-la
that_o here_o be_v most_o manifest_o a_o divisibility_n between_o the_o nature_n of_o essence_n of_o those_o thing_n and_o these_o intrinsical_a accident_n or_o accidental_a form_n and_o the_o subject_n be_v evident_o change_v by_o natural_a cause_n according_a to_o these_o and_o not_o according_a to_o its_o essence_n or_o nature_n that_o be_v the_o subject_n undergo_v so_o many_o formal_a mutation_n that_o be_v accidental_a and_o let_v they_o explicate_v these_o term_n as_o they_o please_v after_o their_o own_o odd_a manner_n they_o shall_v never_o avoid_v the_o conclusion_n if_o they_o do_v put_v the_o subject_a or_o body_n to_o be_v true_o a_o ens_fw-la and_o that_o it_o may_v be_v otherwise_o than_o it_o be_v and_o yet_o not_o immediate_o cease_v to_o be_v that_o ens_fw-la either_o of_o which_o to_o deny_v be_v to_o bid_v defiance_n to_o mankind_n and_o to_o common_a sense_n 28._o i_o know_v it_o will_v be_v reply_v that_o all_o natural_a body_n be_v compound_v entity_n or_o make_v up_o of_o many_o little_a particle_n which_o put_v together_o move_v and_o place_v commodious_o do_v enable_v they_o to_o perform_v those_o several_a operation_n peculiar_a to_o each_o and_o that_o these_o do_v occasion_n our_o say_n in_o our_o common_a speech_n it_o be_v such_o a_o ens._n and_o that_o therefore_o all_o our_o discourse_n concern_v formal_a mutation_n fall_v to_o the_o ground_n since_o all_o may_v be_v explicate_v by_o the_o take_v away_o add_v order_v and_o move_a those_o particle_n after_o such_o or_o such_o a_o manner_n but_o this_o come_v not_o up_o to_o the_o point_n nor_o can_v serve_v they_o to_o escape_v our_o argument_n but_o rather_o plunge_v they_o into_o a_o more_o manifest_a and_o direct_a contradiction_n for_o admit_v that_o each_o compound_v ens_fw-la as_o they_o be_v please_v to_o call_v those_o many_o entity_n or_o at_o least_o a_o great_a part_n of_o it_o be_v make_v up_o of_o those_o little_a particle_n i_o be_o still_o to_o ask_v they_o whether_o those_o particle_n do_v real_o conspire_v to_o make_v it_o one_o thing_n or_o no_o after_o the_o composition_n that_o be_v whether_o after_o the_o composition_n there_o remain_v only_o one_o actual_a thing_n or_o many_o actual_a thing_n or_o entity_n if_o the_o first_o than_o our_o discourse_n proceed_v with_o the_o same_o force_n for_o then_o since_o this_o one_o ens_fw-la or_o body_n be_v dissolvable_a or_o corruptible_a it_o must_v as_o be_v prove_v above_o have_v somewhat_o in_o it_o that_o remain_v in_o the_o compound_v w_z ch_z be_v to_o be_v make_v out_o of_o it_o which_o we_o call_v matter_n and_o somewhat_o which_o formal_o constitute_v the_o former_a body_n to_o be_v what_o it_o be_v and_o consequent_o which_o do_v not_o remain_v in_o the_o new_a one_o which_o be_v what_o we_o call_v the_o form_n and_o because_o it_o do_v not_o cease_v to_o be_v or_o be_v corrupt_v in_o a_o instant_a the_o former_a subject_n or_o body_n admit_v of_o alteration_n first_o and_o consequent_o there_o be_v mutation_n in_o it_o both_o according_a to_o those_o substantial_a and_o those_o accidental_a form_n but_o if_o they_o say_v as_o i_o fear_v they_o will_v because_o they_o must_v that_o after_o composition_n there_o be_v no_o ens_fw-la which_o be_v true_o one_o but_o many_o or_o if_o they_o say_v that_o after_o composition_n there_o be_v one_o and_o many_o which_o be_v proper_o and_o formal_o entity_n then_o they_o must_v say_v that_o the_o same_o thing_n be_v both_o one_o according_a to_o the_o notion_n of_o ens_fw-la and_o yet_o not_o one_o according_a to_o the_o notion_n of_o ens_fw-la which_o be_v a_o plain_a contradiction_n for_o it_o affirm_v and_o deny_v contradictory_n of_o the_o thing_n according_a to_o the_o same_o respect_n whereas_o in_o the_o aristotelian_a doctrine_n there_o be_v but_o one_o ens_fw-la actual_o though_o make_v up_o of_o potential_a part_n which_o have_v a_o formal_a divisibility_n between_o they_o or_o which_o be_v the_o same_o one_o thing_n apt_a to_o verify_v different_a conception_n and_o notion_n which_o as_o be_v say_v above_o partly_o because_o we_o can_v comprehend_v it_o all_o at_o once_o partly_o because_o natural_a cause_n do_v change_v it_o according_a to_o one_o respect_n and_o not_o according_a to_o another_o we_o be_v natural_o force_v to_o make_v of_o it_o now_o to_o make_v the_o subject_n consist_v of_o potential_a part_n destroy_v not_o the_o unity_n of_o the_o compound_v ens_fw-la but_o establish_v it_o for_o to_o say_v it_o be_v potential_o many_o be_v the_o same_o as_o to_o say_v it_o be_v actual_o one_o and_o to_o compound_v a_o ens_fw-la of_o potential_a part_n proper_a to_o the_o notion_n of_o ens_fw-la neither_o of_o which_o be_v one_o actual_a part_n before_o be_v to_o make_v that_o ens_fw-la true_o one_o though_o it_o have_v no_o other_o title_n to_o be_v one_o of_o its_o own_o nature_n for_o to_o compound_v a_o ens_fw-la of_o entitatine_a part_n neither_o of_o which_o be_v of_o its_o self_n a_o ens_fw-la be_v as_o plain_o to_o make_v one_o ens_fw-la as_o word_n can_v express_v 29._o but_o to_o put_v they_o past_o this_o evasion_n and_o all_o hope_n of_o elude_v the_o force_n of_o our_o discourse_n by_o allege_v that_o natural_a body_n be_v compound_n i_o have_v purposely_o draw_v my_o chief_a argument_n from_o the_o atom_n or_o molicellae_fw-la as_o gassendus_fw-la call_v they_o of_o epicurus_n and_o from_o that_o original_a mass_n of_o matter_n of_o which_o the_o cartesian_o affirm_v their_o element_n be_v make_v which_o the_o antiperipatetick_n must_v be_v force_v to_o confess_v be_v perfect_o uncompounded_a and_o i_o far_o allege_v that_o as_o many_o quantum_n can_v compound_v one_o quantum_fw-la unless_o they_o be_v unite_v quantitative_o so_o neither_o can_v many_o entity_n such_o those_o distinct_a atom_n and_o particle_n must_v be_v compound_v one_o ens_fw-la unless_o they_o be_v unite_v entitave_o wherefore_o those_o part_n can_v be_v only_o potential_o in_o the_o compound_v as_o our_o matter_n and_o its_o essential_a and_o accidental_a form_n be_v for_o be_v they_o actual_o there_o they_o will_v be_v entitative_o many_o whence_o the_o ens_fw-la make_v up_o of_o those_o many_o actual_a entity_n can_v not_o be_v entitative_o vnum_fw-la or_o one_o ens_fw-la but_o it_o will_v be_v a_o vnum_fw-la which_o be_v divisum_fw-la in_o se_fw-la and_o which_o be_v worst_a to_o complete_a the_o nonsense_n and_o make_v it_o a_o perfect_a contradiction_n it_o will_v be_v in_o the_o same_o respect_n divisum_fw-la in_o se_fw-la in_o which_o it_o be_v vnum_fw-la or_o indivisum_fw-la in_o se_fw-la viz._n in_o ratione_fw-la entis_fw-la which_o be_v to_o be_v perfect_o chimerical_a 30._o thus_o they_o come_v off_o and_o so_o must_v every_o one_o who_o guide_v himself_o by_o the_o sound_n of_o word_n without_o look_v attentive_o into_o their_o sense_n for_o the_o word_n compound_v be_v in_o reality_n a_o kind_n of_o transcendent_a and_o therefore_o in_o the_o high_a manner_n equivocal_a whence_o while_o out_o of_o slightness_n of_o reason_v and_o not_o hee_v where_o the_o question_n pinch_v they_o take_v the_o word_n in_o a_o vnivocal_a signification_n they_o come_v to_o apprehend_v that_o the_o compound_v many_o entity_n together_o according_a to_o some_o extrinsical_a respect_n such_o as_o be_v situation_n motion_n joynt-action_n and_o such_o like_a be_v the_o same_o as_o to_o compound_v they_o according_a to_o that_o most_o intrinsical_a respect_v call_v substance_n and_o be_v sufficient_a to_o make_v they_o one_o entitative_o or_o one_o ens._n 31._o and_o let_v it_o be_v note_v that_o this_o discourse_n equal_o confute_v their_o position_n of_o the_o soul_n be_v be_v a_o distinct_a thing_n from_o the_o body_n which_o lead_v they_o into_o innumerable_a error_n and_o the_o absurdity_n in_o make_v these_o two_o to_o be_v one_o compound_v thing_n be_v far_o great_a than_o to_o make_v one_o body_n compound_v of_o those_o particle_n in_o regard_n the_o range_v of_o particle_n may_v at_o least_o make_v one_o artificial_a compound_v v._n g._n a_o house_n though_o not_o a_o natural_a one_o whereas_o a_o spirit_n and_o a_o body_n be_v forbid_v by_o their_o nature_n to_o have_v any_o such_o artificial_a or_o mechanical_a contexture_n but_o must_v unavoidable_o when_o the_o asserter_n of_o this_o tenet_n have_v shift_v and_o explicate_v all_o they_o can_v remain_z two_o actual_a thing_n and_o moreover_o such_o two_o as_o be_v toto_fw-la genere_fw-la distinct_a nor_o consequent_o can_v they_o either_o by_o the_o natural_a or_o artificial_a name_n use_v by_o mankind_n be_v signify_v by_o one_o word_n or_o be_v call_v a_o man_n as_o the_o former_a compound_n can_v be_v call_v a_o house_n or_o a_o clock_n and_o i_o defy_v all_o the_o wit_n of_o man_n to_o invent_v any_o way_n how_o two_o such_o actual_a thing_n can_v have_v any_o coalition_n into_o one_o natural_a thing_n or_o
sublunary_a motion_n must_v bear_v a_o proportion_n to_o it_o and_o be_v measure_v by_o it_o be_v perform_v while_o such_o a_o proportionable_a part_n of_o it_o be_v flow_v and_o mankind_n be_v force_v to_o need_n and_o make_v use_n of_o such_o a_o measure_n to_o adjust_a proportion_n and_o design_v all_o their_o motion_n or_o action_n by_o and_o to_o know_v the_o determinate_a distance_n of_o they_o from_o know_v and_o notorious_a period_n hence_o there_o must_v be_v a_o common_a head_n of_o the_o time_n when_o those_o motion_n be_v perform_v which_o we_o call_v quando_fw-la if_o the_o extrinsical_a application_n be_v conceive_v to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o subject_a or_o thing_n in_o rest_n then_o either_o that_o extrinsical_a thing_n be_v conceive_v to_o be_v bare_o apply_v to_o the_o whole_a that_o be_v to_o be_v immediate_a to_o it_o or_o mere_o to_o contain_v it_o which_o ground_n the_o notion_n and_o answer_n to_o the_o question_n where_o or_o ubi_fw-la or_o it_o denote_v some_o certain_a determinate_a manner_n how_o it_o be_v apply_v to_o the_o whole_a or_o to_o some_o part_n of_o it_o and_o then_o either_o the_o whole_a or_o at_o least_o some_o part_n of_o the_o subject_a or_o thing_n must_v be_v conceive_v to_o be_v ply_v and_o accommodate_v to_o the_o part_n of_o the_o extrinsecal_n thing_n and_o it_o be_v call_v its_o site_n or_o situation_n or_o else_o the_o extrinsical_a thing_n or_o its_o part_n be_v conceive_v to_o be_v fit_v ply_v or_o accommodate_v to_o the_o subject_a or_o thing_n and_o then_o it_o be_v call_v habit._n 20._o these_o ten_o common_a head_n be_v call_v predicament_n that_o be_v common_a receptacle_n which_o contain_v and_o whence_o we_o may_v draw_v all_o our_o predicate_v for_o the_o common_a subject_n thing_n which_o we_o may_v brief_o exemplify_v thus_o peter_n 1_o though_o but_o a_o yard2_n and_o half_a high_a yet_o a_o ualiant3_n subject4_n fought5_n and_o be_v wounded6_n yesterday7_n in8_n the_o field_n standing9_n upon_o his_o guard_n armed10_n 21._o all_o these_o notion_n under_o whatever_o head_n if_o they_o be_v corporeal_a one_o be_v natural_a and_o common_a to_o all_o mankind_n for_o since_o they_o be_v make_v by_o impression_n on_o the_o sense_n which_o be_v common_a to_o all_o mankind_n it_o follow_v that_o the_o notion_n which_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o those_o impression_n must_v be_v such_o also_o since_o the_o same_o cause_n upon_o the_o same-natured_a subject_n must_v work_v the_o same_o effect_n 22._o our_o soul_n have_v in_o it_o a_o power_n of_o compound_v those_o several_a notion_n together_o of_o consider_v they_o diverse_a way_n of_o reflect_v on_o its_o own_o thought_n and_o affection_n and_o last_o of_o join_v a_o negative_a to_o its_o natural_a notion_n if_o there_o be_v occasion_n such_o as_o be_v the_o notion_n of_o indivisible_a immaterial_a incorruptible_a unactive_a insignificant_a etc._n etc._n which_o particular_o happen_v when_o we_o will_v strive_v to_o frame_v notion_n of_o spiritual_a thing_n all_o which_o be_v manifest_a by_o plain_a experience_n if_o we_o reflect_v never_o so_o little_a on_o what_o pass_v in_o our_o own_o interior_a 23._o no_o notion_n can_v be_v imagine_v that_o do_v not_o arise_v from_o one_o of_o these_o head_n for_o corporeal_a notion_n be_v imprint_v direct_o spiritual_a notion_n by_o reflection_n on_o our_o mind_n and_o on_o its_o operation_n or_o affection_n or_o else_o by_o join_v a_o negative_a to_o our_o positive_a natural_a notion_n and_o mix_v or_o compound_v notion_n be_v frame_v by_o join_v our_o former_a simple_a notion_n wherefore_o since_o there_o can_v be_v nothing_o imagine_v which_o be_v not_o either_o corporeal_a spiritual_a or_o mix_v or_o compound_v of_o former_a notion_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o all_o the_o notion_n we_o have_v or_o can_v have_v do_v arise_v from_o one_o of_o those_o head_n 24._o wherefore_o it_o be_v hence_o far_o show_v that_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n at_o all_o of_o make_v some_o notion_n to_o be_v innate_a and_o consequent_o that_o conceit_n of_o the_o cartesian_o be_v groundless_a who_o affirm_v that_o by_o a_o motion_n make_v on_o the_o sense_n the_o soul_n by_o a_o unknown_a virtue_n peculiar_a to_o its_o self_n excite_v or_o awaken_v such_o and_o such_o a_o innate_a idea_n which_o till_o then_o lie_v dormant_a in_o it_o because_o they_o find_v that_o that_o notion_n be_v nothing_o like_o to_o the_o idea_n it_o excite_v for_o first_o how_o do_v they_o prove_v that_o only_a motion_n be_v communicate_v to_o the_o brain_n from_o the_o object_n or_o that_o that_o motion_n do_v not_o carry_v along_o with_o it_o different-natured_a particle_n or_o effluvium_n of_o these_o several_a body_n which_o be_v as_o it_o be_v little_a model_n of_o their_o nature_n it_o be_v certain_a this_o pass_v thus_o in_o the_o grosser_n sense_n and_o no_o more_o be_v requisite_a to_o do_v it_o in_o the_o subtle_a but_o that_o the_o particle_n emit_v be_v more_o subtle_a which_o can_v shock_v the_o fancy_n or_o reason_n of_o a_o natural_a philosopher_n who_o know_v well_o into_o what_o almost-infinite_a smallness_n body_n be_v divisible_a and_o of_o all_o man_n in_o the_o world_n the_o cartesian_o shall_v not_o be_v startle_v at_o it_o who_o principle_n do_v allow_v lesser_a particle_n than_o those_o effluvium_n and_o to_o pass_v through_o far_o lesser_a pore_n than_o those_o within_o the_o nerve_n or_o even_o than_o such_o as_o be_v in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o nerve_n themselves_o now_o this_o be_v grant_v the_o whole_a contexture_n of_o this_o doctrine_n of_o we_o have_v a_o clear_a coherence_n for_o such_o particle_n bear_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n along_o with_o they_o be_v apt_a when_o they_o be_v carry_v to_o the_o seat_n of_o knowledge_n to_o breed_v in_o the_o mind_n or_o convey_v into_o it_o the_o nature_n or_o a_o intellectual_a notion_n of_o the_o thing_n itself_o to_o do_v which_o there_o can_v need_v no_o more_o than_o that_o every_o thing_n according_a to_o the_o maxim_n be_v receive_v according_a to_o the_o nature_n or_o manner_n of_o the_o receiver_n viz._n that_o those_o effluvium_n by_o affect_v the_o body_n corporeal_o do_v affect_v the_o soul_n intellectual_o second_o how_o be_v it_o conceivable_a or_o any_o way_n explicable_a that_o a_o motion_n which_o they_o confess_v be_v utter_o unlike_o the_o idea_n in_o the_o mind_n shall_v be_v the_o proper_a exciter_n of_o such_o a_o idea_n indeed_o be_v those_o motion_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o our_o sign_n that_o be_v voluntary_o agree_v on_o and_o fore-known_a to_o the_o user_n of_o they_o they_o may_v have_v a_o power_n to_o make_v such_o a_o peculiar_a excitation_n of_o those_o idea_n as_o our_o word_n do_v now_o or_o as_o any_o odd_a and_o disagree_a thing_n be_v make_v use_n of_o by_o we_o when_o we_o practise_v the_o art_n of_o memory_n but_o here_o thing_n be_v quite_o otherwise_o for_o we_o have_v no_o foreknowledge_n either_o by_o agreement_n nor_o by_o our_o voluntary_a designation_n that_o such_o motion_n shall_v excite_v such_o idea_n or_o notion_n nor_o as_o be_v confess_v be_v they_o natural_o alike_o wherefore_o it_o be_v altogether_o inexplicable_a how_o they_o shall_v ever_o come_v to_o excite_v such_o particular_a idea_n add_v that_o this_o hide_a virtue_n in_o the_o soul_n to_o make_v such_o a_o particular_a idea_n start_v up_o as_o soon_o as_o that_o motion_n be_v make_v in_o the_o nerve_n be_v both_o say_v gratis_o and_o be_v as_o obscure_a as_o a_o occult_a quality_n and_o so_o far_o from_o explicable_a that_o even_o themselves_o as_o far_o as_o i_o can_v learn_v have_v not_o so_o much_o as_o attempt_v to_o explain_v it_o but_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v in_o part_n take_v up_o gratis_o to_o make_v good_a their_o doctrine_n of_o innate_a idea_n as_o the_o tenet_n of_o such_o idea_n be_v to_o prove_v the_o soul_n be_v a_o distinct_a thing_n from_o the_o body_n last_o their_o argument_n draw_v from_o experience_n that_o the_o idea_n in_o the_o mind_n be_v quite_o different_a from_o that_o impression_n in_o the_o sense_n or_o any_o bodily_a faculty_n be_v show_v to_o be_v inconclusive_a by_o allege_v as_o be_v say_v late_o that_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o object_n find_v in_o those_o emit_v particle_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o it_o find_v in_o the_o soul_n intellectual_o or_o as_o stand_v under_o notion_n be_v the_o selfsame_a and_o not_o so_o unlike_a as_o they_o imagine_v add_v that_o their_o argument_n falter_v in_o this_o too_o that_o the_o maker_n of_o it_o do_v not_o due_o reflect_v when_o they_o advance_v it_o on_o that_o '_o foresay_a axiom_n quicquid_fw-la recipitur_fw-la recipitur_fw-la ad_fw-la modum_fw-la recipientis_fw-la for_o have_v they_o do_v this_o they_o can_v not_o have_v wonder_v that_o a_o affection_n of_o the_o body_n which_o be_v imprint_v direct_o and_o a_o
from_o one_o another_o by_o their_o own_o common_a notion_n whence_o the_o word_n that_o signify_v they_o whether_o vnum_fw-la verum_fw-la bonum_fw-la idem_fw-la diversum_fw-la or_o what_o ever_o they_o be_v be_v the_o most_o equivocal_a of_o any_o that_o can_v be_v imagine_v and_o have_v a_o vast_o different_a signification_n as_o apply_v to_o the_o notion_n in_o each_o of_o those_o head_n 15._o no_o part_n of_o a_o ens_fw-la can_v belong_v to_o any_o predicament_n for_o a_o part_n of_o a_o ens_fw-la be_v no_o more_o a_o ens_fw-la than_o a_o part_n of_o a_o apple_n be_v a_o apple_n nor_o can_v part_n have_v intrinsical_v difference_n in_o the_o line_n of_o substance_n for_o such_o difference_n will_v with_o the_o genus_fw-la make_v the_o part_n to_o be_v a_o totum_fw-la in_o that_o line_n corollary_n hence_o by_o the_o way_n we_o may_v frame_v a_o logical_a demonstration_n against_o actual_a part_n in_o a_o compound_v for_o be_v they_o actual_o distinct_a they_o must_v have_v each_o of_o they_o matter_n and_o form_n of_o its_o own_o which_o be_v the_o proper_a constituent_n of_o such_o a_o ens_fw-la each_o of_o they_o will_v be_v such_o a_o ens_fw-la or_o a_o body_n and_o so_o they_o will_v have_v each_o of_o they_o a_o title_n to_o existence_n which_o be_v the_o proper_a notion_n of_o a_o complete_a ens_fw-la and_o by_o consequence_n each_o part_n will_v be_v a_o whole_a 16._o the_o notion_n of_o genus_fw-la speciâ—s_n and_o the_o term_n of_o art_n frame_v by_o the_o reflection_n of_o our_o understanding_n be_v not_o thing_n distinct_a from_o the_o notion_n of_o ens_fw-la corpus_fw-la vivens_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o logician_n call_v by_o those_o name_n nor_o be_v they_o in_o any_o of_o those_o common_a head_n for_o first_o 18._o as_o wilâ—_n appear_v these_o notion_n be_v but_o part_n of_o the_o individuum_fw-la which_o be_v the_o whole_a ens._n next_o term_n of_o art_n be_v make_v by_o man_n of_o art_n who_o be_v reflecter_n and_o not_o direct_o imprint_v by_o nature_n or_o common_a to_o all_o mankind_n for_o which_o reason_n we_o must_v learn_v the_o mean_v of_o those_o word_n and_o consequent_o those_o notion_n themselves_o from_o learned_a man_n and_o not_o from_o the_o generality_n 17._o notwithstanding_o it_o must_v be_v grant_v that_o nature_n give_v our_o understanding_n hint_n or_o ground_n to_o frame_v such_o artificial_a conception_n without_o which_o they_o will_v be_v fictitious_a and_o chimerical_a for_o example_n by_o observe_v that_o all_o the_o man_n we_o ever_o know_v do_v proceed_v to_o action_n upon_o some_o reason_n or_o other_o hence_o we_o frame_v a_o common_a notion_n of_o a_o species_n or_o kind_a call_v a_o rational_a thing_n and_o observing_z farther_z that_o beast_n as_o well_o as_o man_n have_v sense_n and_o be_v excite_v and_o move_v by_o mean_n of_o they_o hence_o we_o frame_v a_o high_a notion_n common_a to_o both_o the_o kind_n of_o man_n and_o beast_n and_o call_v it_o a_o genus_fw-la and_o so_o still_o 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those_o notion_n thus_o abstract_o consider_v be_v according_a to_o the_o condition_n they_o have_v in_o our_o understanding_n large_a than_o the_o inferior_a notion_n and_o comprehend_v all_o under_o they_o be_v therefore_o certain_a kind_n of_o whole_n as_o thus_o consider_v on_o the_o other_o side_n since_o only_a individuum_n be_v true_o the_o complete_a and_o whole_a entia_fw-la as_o be_v only_o capable_a of_o exist_v and_o the_o notion_n of_o ens_fw-la corpus_fw-la vivens_fw-la animal_n homo_fw-la be_v but_o partial_a and_o inadequate_a notion_n of_o the_o individuum_fw-la it_o follow_v that_o the_o individuum_fw-la do_v in_o reality_n comprehend_v what_o answer_v to_o the_o notion_n of_o each_o or_o all_o of_o they_o wherefore_o thus_o consider_v that_o be_v as_o they_o stand_v in_o nature_n they_o be_v but_o part_n and_o the_o individuum_fw-la be_v the_o whole_a lesson_n v._o of_o the_o common_a head_n call_v quantity_n 1._o quantity_n may_v either_o be_v consider_v mathematical_o as_o abstract_v from_o motion_n and_o mere_o extend_v the_o body_n as_o it_o be_v in_o rest_n or_o physical_o as_o affect_v body_n its_o subject_a in_o order_n to_o motion_n that_o be_v as_o to_o natural_a action_n and_o passion_n this_o need_v no_o proof_n since_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o quantity_n may_v be_v consider_v both_o these_o way_n and_o we_o experience_n that_o we_o can_v both_o these_o way_n consider_v it_o 2._o the_o essential_a notion_n of_o quantity_n be_v divisibility_n into_o part_n and_o such_o a_o divisibility_n as_o that_o each_o of_o its_o part_n after_o division_n become_v a_o whole_a for_o since_o the_o essential_a notion_n of_o it_o can_v consist_v in_o its_o have_a matter_n and_o form_n which_o make_v it_o a_o ens_fw-la and_o so_o fit_a it_o for_o existence_n as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o divisible_a substance_n or_o 5._o body_n the_o essence_n of_o it_o such_o as_o it_o be_v must_v be_v take_v from_o some_o consideration_n belong_v to_o its_o own_o 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rosa_n and_o animal_n and_o then_o since_o abstract_a nature_n or_o universals_z do_v as_o such_o no_o where_o exist_v but_o in_o the_o understanding_n they_o have_v their_o actual_a existence_n where_o they_o ought_v to_o have_v it_o and_o the_o copula_fw-la est_fw-la signify_v they_o have_v their_o existence_n there_o and_o so_o the_o proposition_n be_v true_a and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v far_o note_v that_o they_o can_v not_o have_v be_v even_o there_o unless_o there_o have_v actual_o be_v diverse_a individual_n from_o which_o they_o may_v be_v abstract_v but_o now_o in_o our_o case_n it_o be_v quite_o otherwise_o for_o self-existence_n be_v the_o simple_a notion_n that_o can_v be_v conceive_v nay_o more_o actual_a than_o any_o notion_n of_o existence_n find_v in_o creature_n it_o be_v impossible_a there_o shall_v be_v any_o abstract_a notion_n of_o it_o both_o because_o that_o abstract_a notion_n will_v have_v potentiality_n in_o it_o which_o will_v destroy_v that_o notion_n and_o 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and_o so_o it_o mean_v that_o such_o a_o possible_a thing_n be_v a_o ens_fw-la and_o than_o it_o may_v be_v true_a can_v we_o frame_v such_o a_o proposition_n of_o a_o thing_n mere_o possible_a which_o be_v impossible_a for_o if_o the_o thing_n be_v only_o possible_a to_o be_v it_o never_o be_v and_o so_o all_o our_o notion_n be_v take_v from_o the_o thing_n we_o can_v have_v no_o notion_n of_o it_o and_o therefore_o the_o proposition_n will_v be_v none_o since_o we_o want_v that_o notion_n that_o make_v the_o subject_a the_o proposition_n such_o a_o thing_n be_v future_a be_v in_o rigour_n false_a for_o that_o which_o be_v not_o at_o all_o can_v have_v nothing_o predicate_v of_o it_o and_o it_o can_v only_o be_v true_a as_o it_o signify_v that_o there_o be_v determinate_a cause_n lay_v to_o produce_v it_o which_o be_v to_o say_v those_o cause_n be_v and_o so_o the_o copula_fw-la est_fw-la still_o signify_v existence_n 11._o to_o settle_v this_o main_a point_n that_o first_o principle_n must_v be_v such_o proposition_n as_o be_v most_o formal_o identical_a in_o the_o manner_n declare_v above_o many_o other_o proof_n may_v be_v allege_v as_o that_o contradiction_n be_v the_o first_o of_o falsehood_n therefore_o those_o proposition_n that_o be_v direct_o opposite_a to_o they_o must_v be_v the_o first_o truth_n or_o first_o principle_n but_o only_a proposition_n thus_o perfect_o identical_a be_v direct_o opposite_a to_o contradiction_n therefore_o these_o only_o be_v the_o first_o truth_n or_o first_o principle_n to_o prove_v the_o minor_a we_o shall_v find_v by_o reflection_n that_o the_o two_o contradictory_n proposition_n be_v comprizable_a into_o one_o which_o be_v equivalent_a to_o both_o as_o to_z peter_n here_o and_o now_o run_v peter_z here_o and_o now_o run_v not_o be_v equivalent_a what_o here_o and_o now_o run_v do_v not_o here_o and_o now_o run_v whence_o be_v see_v clear_o that_o only_o such_o identical_a
express_o or_o by_o consequence_n include_v in_o some_o part_n of_o the_o definition_n the_o formality_n of_o one_o be_v in_o some_o part_n the_o formality_n of_o the_o other_o as_o the_o notion_n of_o ens_fw-la corpus_fw-la mixtum_fw-la vivens_fw-la sensituum_fw-la be_v find_v in_o part_n to_o be_v formal_o in_o the_o entire_a notion_n of_o homo_fw-la the_o art_n of_o divide_v right_n be_v requisite_a to_o make_v exact_a definition_n because_o the_o genus_fw-la and_o one_o of_o the_o proper_a difference_n that_o divide_v that_o common_a notion_n do_v constitute_v and_o integrate_a the_o definition_n note_v that_o the_o genus_fw-la must_v be_v immediate_a because_o otherwise_o it_o confound_v the_o intermemediate_v notion_n with_o the_o species_n and_o so_o give_v a_o less-distinct_a conception_n of_o the_o notion_n to_o be_v define_v hence_o ens_fw-la or_o vivens_fw-la rationale_n be_v not_o a_o good_a definition_n of_o homo_fw-la because_o ens_fw-la and_o vivens_fw-la do_v but_o confuse_o or_o in_o part_n speak_v the_o notion_n or_o nature_n of_o animal_n nor_o be_v rationale_n the_o proper_a and_o immediate_a difference_n of_o ens_fw-la and_o vivens_fw-la 12._o hence_o dichotomy_n or_o a_o division_n make_v by_o two_o member_n be_v the_o best_a for_o in_o such_o a_o division_n the_o part_n if_o right_o express_v may_v be_v most_o easy_o see_v to_o be_v equivalent_a to_o the_o whole_a that_o dichotomy_n in_o which_o the_o member_n be_v contradictory_n be_v the_o very_o best_a division_n that_o can_v be_v imagine_v as_o that_o of_o ens_fw-la into_o divisible_a and_o indivisible_a that_o be_v not-divisible_a of_o animal_n into_o rational_a and_o irrational_a that_o be_v not-rational_a of_o number_n into_o odd_a and_o even_o or_o not-odd_a for_o since_o there_o can_v be_v no_o middle_a between_o contradictory_n it_o be_v evident_a there_o can_v be_v no_o more_o member_n than_o two_o and_o consequent_o that_o those_o two_o part_n be_v equivalent_a to_o the_o whole_a 13._o the_o whole_a definition_n and_o all_o the_o member_n of_o a_o division_n that_o be_v right_o make_v if_o take_v together_o may_v be_v a_o proper_a medium_fw-la for_o a_o demonstration_n for_o both_o of_o these_o take_v together_o be_v equivalent_a to_o the_o whole_a notion_n define_v and_o divide_v and_o may_v as_o well_o be_v a_o middle_a term_n as_o that_o whole_a notion_n express_v by_o one_o word_n as_o by_o man._n animal_n etc._n etc._n v_o g._n every_o rational_a animal_n be_v capable_a of_o science_n every_o clown_n be_v a_o rational_a animal_n therefore_o every_o clown_n be_v capable_a of_o science_n whatever_o be_v either_o even_o or_o odd_a be_v capable_a of_o proportion_n all_o number_n be_v either_o even_o or_o odd_a therefore_o all_o number_n be_v capable_a of_o proportion_n 14._o out_o of_o what_o have_v be_v prove_v it_o be_v see_v that_o definition_n be_v one_o of_o the_o best_a instrument_n or_o best_a mean_n to_o attain_v science_n for_o since_o all_o knowledge_n be_v take_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o therefore_o all_o distinct_a and_o clear_a knowledge_n such_o as_o science_n ought_v to_o be_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n distinct_o and_o clear_o represent_v and_o this_o as_o have_v be_v show_v be_v do_v by_o definition_n it_o follow_v that_o definition_n be_v one_o of_o the_o best_a instrument_n or_o best_a mean_n to_o attain_v to_o science_n 15._o another_o use_n to_o be_v make_v of_o definition_n in_o order_n to_o demonstration_n be_v this_o when_o two_o notion_n by_o be_v remote_a seem_v in_o a_o manner_n disparate_a and_o so_o the_o proposition_n be_v obscure_a we_o be_v to_o pursue_v home_o the_o definition_n of_o each_o of_o the_o term_n till_o something_o that_o be_v formal_o identical_a appear_v in_o both_o of_o they_o which_o do_v all_o far_a disquisition_n cease_v and_o the_o point_n be_v demonstrate_v for_o example_n if_o we_o will_v prove_v that_o virtue_n be_v laudable_a we_o shall_v find_v that_o the_o word_n laudable_a signify_v deserve_v to_o be_v speak_v well_o of_o and_o practical_a self-evidence_n as_o well_o as_o reason_n tell_v we_o that_o our_o speech_n be_v nothing_o but_o sign_n agree_v on_o by_o mankind_n to_o express_v their_o thought_n that_o thing_n deserve_v to_o be_v speak_v well_o of_o which_o deserve_v to_o be_v think_v well_o of_o and_o that_o what_o be_v according_a to_o the_o true_a nature_n of_o he_o that_o speak_v or_o think_v or_o to_o true_a reason_n deserve_v to_o be_v judge_v by_o he_o right_o and_o good_a that_o be_v think_v well_o of_o to_o which_o add_v that_o virtue_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o disposition_n to_o act_n according_a to_o true_a reason_n it_o come_v to_o appear_v that_o virtuo_fw-la and_o laudable_a have_v something_o couch_v in_o their_o notion_n that_o be_v formal_o identical_a and_o that_o this_o proposition_n virtue_n be_v laudable_a be_v full_a as_o certain_a as_o that_o what_o be_v according_a to_o right_a reason_n be_v according_a to_o right_a reason_n or_o what_o be_v laudable_a be_v laudable_a which_o see_v perfect_a knowledge_n be_v have_v of_o the_o truth_n of_o virtue_n be_v laudable_a that_o be_v it_o be_v the_o proposition_n evident_o conclude_v or_o demonstrate_v note_v hence_o that_o in_o resolve_v truth_n thus_o into_o first_o principle_n rigorous_a definition_n do_v not_o always_o need_v but_o explication_n of_o the_o two_o notion_n or_o of_o the_o mean_v of_o the_o word_n that_o express_v the_o two_o term_n may_v serve_v so_o they_o be_v true_a and_o solid_a since_o no_o more_o be_v necessary_a in_o this_o case_n but_o to_o resolve_v the_o inferior_a truth_n and_o the_o notion_n that_o compound_v they_o into_o superior_a one_o for_o which_o reason_n also_o practical_a self-evidence_n or_o a_o knowledge_n agree_v on_o by_o all_o mankind_n in_o their_o natural_a thought_n through_o converse_n with_o those_o natural_a object_n be_v sufficient_a for_o this_o be_v a_o solid_a knowledge_n though_o it_o be_v not_o lick_v into_o artificial_a shape_n whence_o it_o may_v suffice_v oftentimes_o without_o frame_v the_o demonstration_n couch_v in_o these_o discourse_n into_o a_o syllogistick_a method_n unless_o the_o form_n of_o the_o discourse_n be_v deny_v 16._o hence_o follow_v that_o all_o truth_n have_v at_o the_o bottom_n identical_a proposition_n and_o be_v ground_v on_o they_o for_o since_o all_o truth_n be_v therefore_o such_o because_o they_o be_v conformable_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n or_o to_o its_o be_v what_o it_o be_v which_o be_v express_v by_o a_o identical_a proposition_n it_o follow_v that_o all_o truth_n have_v at_o the_o bottom_n identical_a proposition_n and_o be_v ground_v on_o they_o 17._o hence_o every_o error_n have_v at_o the_o bottom_n a_o fect_a contradiction_n and_o be_v ground_v on_o it_o for_o since_o all_o truth_n as_o be_v conformable_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n be_v ground_v on_o the_o thing_n be_v what_o it_o be_v and_o so_o have_v a_o identical_a proposition_n for_o their_o base_n therefore_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n every_o error_n be_v a_o dis-conformity_n to_o the_o thing_n or_o a_o deviation_n from_o its_o be_v what_o it_o be_v must_v be_v ground_v on_o this_o as_o its_o first_o principle_n that_o the_o thing_n be_v not_o what_o it_o be_v which_o be_v a_o perfect_a contradiction_n 18._o hence_o follow_v necessary_o that_o if_o art_n and_o industry_n be_v not_o want_v every_o truth_n be_v reducible_a to_o a_o self_n evident_a or_o a_o identical_a proposition_n and_o every_o error_n to_o a_o contradiction_n for_o since_o these_o as_o have_v be_v prove_v be_v the_o basâ—s_n or_o bottom-principle_n of_o all_o truth_n and_o falsehood_n and_o all_o inferior_a proposition_n derìve_v all_o their_o truth_n or_o falsehood_n from_o the_o first_o truth_n or_o falsehood_n that_o be_v from_o identical_a proposition_n or_o contradiction_n it_o follow_v that_o either_o no_o truth_n or_o falsehood_n can_v be_v final_o know_v or_o be_v knowable_a or_o provable_a to_o be_v such_o or_o else_o they_o must_v be_v reducible_a either_o to_o identical_a proposition_n or_o to_o contradiction_n as_o the_o test_n of_o their_o truth_n or_o falsity_n corol._n i._n hence_o follow_v that_o all_o learning_n be_v knowledge_n those_o man_n only_o ought_v to_o be_v account_v absolute_o speak_v true_a scholar_n or_o perfect_o learned_a who_o can_v thus_o settle_v truth_n and_o confute_v error_n that_o be_v thus_o demonstrate_v the_o conformity_n of_o the_o position_n he_o maintain_v to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n or_o the_o disconformity_n of_o his_o adversary_n thesis_n to_o the_o essence_n of_o the_o subject_a under_o dispute_n by_o which_o it_o will_v appear_v how_o unjust_o many_o man_n be_v esteem_v learned_a by_o the_o generality_n mere_o for_o their_o have_v read_v a_o multitude_n of_o author_n since_o the_o former_a know_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o thing_n or_o of_o the_o subject_n discourse_v of_o
casual_o upon_o something_o in_o the_o dark_a or_o run_v against_o it_o though_o we_o neither_o see_v or_o know_v what_o that_o thing_n be_v or_o when_o we_o see_v a_o thing_n a_o far_o off_o we_o know_v that_o that_o thing_n be_v though_o as_o yet_o we_o know_v not_o what_o it_o be_v the_o course_n of_o nature_n be_v carry_v on_o by_o efficient_a cauâ—es_n and_o effect_n for_o since_o a_o first_o cause_n be_v suppose_v who_o be_v infinite_o wise_a he_o administâ—rs_v his_o workmanship_n the_o world_n after_o the_o wise_a and_o best_a manner_n which_o be_v that_o the_o contexture_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v not_o loose_a and_o slack_a but_o perfect_o coherent_a nor_o can_v this_o be_v do_v among_o a_o infinite_a variety_n of_o body_n by_o any_o other_o mean_n so_o as_o to_o make_v up_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n but_o by_o make_v effect_n necessary_o follow_v from_o their_o cause_n since_o if_o that_o be_v not_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n will_v be_v at_o a_o stand_n and_o need_v the_o artificer_n hand_n at_o every_o turn_n to_o make_v it_o go_v on_o which_o argue_v a_o imperfection_n in_o the_o workmanship_n itself_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n must_v be_v carry_v on_o by_o efficient_a cause_n and_o effect_n 4._o the_o course_n of_o nature_n must_v be_v câ—â—ryed_v on_o by_o such_o efficient_a cause_n and_o effect_n as_o 〈◊〉_d â—roper_a to_o one_o another_o for_o be_v â—ot_n â—â—ese_v cause_n and_o effect_n proper_a to_o one_o another_o any_o 〈◊〉_d may_v do_v any_o thing_n or_o suffer_v from_o any_o thing_n v_o g._n fire_n may_v both_o heat_n and_o cool_v and_o moisten_v and_o water_n may_v be_v as_o combustible_a as_o dry_a wood_n and_o so_o of_o all_o the_o rest_n in_o whiâ—h_a case_n no_o man_n can_v tell_v how_o to_o order_n his_o action_n or_o what_o efficient_a cause_n or_o what_o matter_n rather_o than_o another_o he_o be_v to_o make_v use_n of_o to_o produce_v any_o effect_n nor_o consequent_o sinâ—e_o â—uch_o essence_n be_v ordain_v for_o such_o and_o such_o end_n can_v the_o essence_n or_o nature_n of_o thing_n be_v know_v or_o distinguish_v more_o than_o in_o outward_a appearance_n 5._o hence_o follow_v immediate_o that_o every_o such_o proper_a efficient_a cause_n put_v to_o be_v actual_o cause_v must_v most_o necessary_o produce_v 〈◊〉_d proper_a effect_n for_o since_o to_o causâ—_n be_v 〈◊〉_d do_v and_o to_o do_v nothing_o be_v not_o to_o do_v what_o 〈◊〉_d actual_o cause_v must_v cause_v something_o or_o produce_v some_o effect_n anâ—_n this_o effect_n must_v be_v a_o proper_a one_o as_o have_v be_v prove_v §_o 4._o 6._o all_o the_o efficient_a cause_n in_o nature_n be_v actual_o cause_v for_o since_o the_o virtue_n or_o power_n of_o work_v be_v in_o the_o efficient_a cause_n itself_o as_o be_v nothing_o but_o its_o existence_n and_o the_o matter_n to_o be_v wrought_v upon_o be_v quantitative_a that_o be_v of_o it_o be_v own_o nature_n either_o perfect_o or_o imperfect_o divisible_a and_o variable_a innumerable_a manner_n of_o way_n according_a to_o its_o quality_n nor_o can_v it_o have_v a_o infinite_a power_n of_o resist_v the_o efficiency_n of_o the_o least_o cause_n hence_o it_o be_v apt_a to_o have_v a_o impression_n make_v upon_o it_o to_o some_o degree_n by_o any_o quantitative_a agent_n provide_v there_o be_v but_o immediate_a application_n of_o the_o agent_n to_o the_o patient_n and_o that_o it_o be_v prâ—st_v upon_o it_o but_o there_o be_v no_o vacuum_n immediate_a application_n of_o one_o natural_a body_n to_o another_o must_v needs_o be_v throughout_o all_o nature_n and_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n consist_v in_o moâ—ion_n one_o body_n must_v necessary_o press_v upon_o that_o which_o be_v next_o it_o from_o all_o which_o it_o follow_v evident_o that_o all_o the_o efficient_a cause_n in_o nature_n be_v actual_o cause_v 7._o from_o these_o discourse_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o we_o can_v demonstrate_v proper_a effect_n from_o proper_a efficient_a cause_n which_o we_o call_v demonstrate_v â_fw-la priori_fw-la and_o proper_a efficient_a cause_n from_o proper_a effect_n which_o be_v call_v demonstrate_v à _fw-fr posteriori_fw-la for_o since_o a_o cause_n and_o a_o reason_n do_v only_o differ_v in_o this_o that_o the_o word_n cause_n speak_v the_o thing_n as_o it_o be_v in_o nature_n and_o reason_n the_o same_o thing_n as_o it_o be_v in_o our_o understanding_n and_o proper_a cause_n and_o effect_n in_o nature_n be_v necessary_o connect_v to_o one_o another_o and_o consequent_o do_v infer_v one_o another_o natural_o it_o follow_v that_o those_o cause_n and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n effect_n as_o they_o be_v in_o our_o understanding_n must_v be_v the_o reason_n why_o one_o infer_v the_o other_o in_o our_o understanding_n whence_o follow_v that_o thoâ—e_a cause_n and_o effect_n can_v be_v use_v as_o proper_a middle_a term_n to_o infer_v or_o conclude_v one_o another_o and_o that_o proof_n make_v by_o such_o medium_n be_v demonstrative_a be_v clear_a for_o no_o proof_n can_v be_v more_o clear_a than_o that_o which_o be_v ground_v on_o those_o notion_n or_o nature_n be_v connect_v natural_o and_o so_o connect_v that_o it_o be_v impossible_a it_o shall_v be_v otherwise_o as_o it_o be_v show_v these_o be_v §_o §_o 5._o and_o 6._o 8._o this_o be_v far_o confirm_v because_o two_o body_n that_o be_v immediate_a do_v act_n and_o re-act_n or_o be_v in_o some_o respect_n mutual_o cause_n and_o effect_n to_o one_o another_o for_o since_o their_o existence_n which_o be_v their_o power_n of_o act_v be_v immediate_o apply_v and_o by_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n consist_v in_o motion_n press_v upon_o one_o another_o and_o no_o natural_a agent_n be_v of_o infinite_a power_n nor_o consequent_o can_v it_o subdue_v all_o the_o resistance_n of_o the_o patient_n in_o a_o instant_a it_o follow_v that_o till_o one_o of_o they_o be_v by_o degree_n total_o subdue_v the_o resist_a body_n must_v necessary_o for_o the_o reason_n give_v re-act_n upon_o it_o whence_o they_o will_v be_v to_o some_o degree_n or_o in_o some_o respect_n mutual_a cause_n and_o effect_n in_o regard_n of_o each_o other_o corol._n i._o the_o carry_v on_o this_o connected_a course_n of_o natural_a cause_n be_v call_v providence_n and_o as_o join_v with_o a_o course_n of_o supernatural_a one_o interior_a and_o exterior_a perfect_v and_o strengthen_v the_o will_v all_o along_o to_o the_o very_a end_n and_o ripen_a soul_n for_o bliss_n which_o we_o call_v grace_n be_v that_o which_o be_v true_o mean_v by_o predestination_n which_o sound_v so_o terrible_o and_o be_v such_o â—â—ugbeaâ—_n to_o those_o that_o mis-understand_a it_o corâ—â—_n â—i_fw-la every_o step_n of_o this_o order_n of_o cause_n have_v entity_n or_o goodness_n in_o it_o for_o it_o be_v manifest_o the_o cause_v of_o something_o by_o something_o corol._n â—â—i_n therefore_o it_o be_v direct_o against_o the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o â—â—e_z first_o cause_n to_o cause_n or_o lay_v any_o 〈◊〉_d for_o sin_n for_o sin_n formal_o as_o such_o have_v no_o kind_n of_o entity_n or_o goodness_n in_o it_o either_o metaphysical_a physical_a or_o moral_a but_o be_v formal_o a_o mere_a privation_n of_o some_o entity_n or_o goodness_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v in_o a_o intelligent_a creature_n whence_o it_o come_v that_o by_o falling-short_a here_o in_o use_v the_o mean_n that_o creature_n fall_v short_a hereafter_o of_o attain_v the_o end_n which_o be_v only_o attainable_a by_o such_o mean_n to_o explicate_v which_o high_a point_n full_o be_v leave_v to_o solid_a divine_n i_o mean_v such_o as_o do_v not_o guide_v themselves_o by_o mere_a word_n but_o by_o reason_n and_o good_a sense_n corol._n iu._n hence_o follow_v also_o that_o be_v all_o the_o efficient_a cause_n that_o produce_v any_o effect_n know_v to_o we_o we_o can_v have_v no_o accidental_a predication_n nor_o consequent_o any_o opinion_n but_o the_o effect_n will_v still_o be_v equal_o demonstrable_a from_o the_o complexion_n of_o those_o cause_n as_o it_o be_v now_o from_o some_o one_o single_a efficient_a as_o be_v hint_v former_o corol._n v._o hence_o to_o one_o that_o comprehend_v the_o complexion_n of_o all_o cause_n there_o can_v be_v no_o chance_n nor_o can_v such_o a_o man_n have_v any_o ground_n for_o such_o a_o notion_n for_o chance_v as_o the_o common_a use_n of_o the_o word_n tell_v we_o signify_v a_o unseen_a or_o vnforeseen_a cause_n whereas_o no_o cause_n be_v unseen_a to_o he_o who_o see_v demonstrative_o how_o all_o natural_a effect_n follow_v all_o along_o from_o the_o cause_n and_o that_o they_o can_v but_o follow_v from_o such_o cause_n corol._n vi_o hence_o though_o we_o know_v not_o particular_o the_o quid_fw-la est_fw-la of_o this_o exact_a order_n of_o the_o world_n or_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n because_o we_o comprehend_v not_o all_o cause_n nor_o know_v what_o cause_n or_o cause_n do_v
erroneous_a or_o false_a but_o what_o be_v true_a can_v be_v false_a therefore_o a_o fallible_a testimony_n can_v be_v a_o ground_n or_o reason_n to_o prove_v a_o thing_n no_o better_o attest_v to_o be_v true_a note_v that_o this_o proposition_n what_o be_v true_a can_v be_v false_a do_v hold_n in_o all_o truth_n but_o those_o which_o be_v in_o materia_fw-la contingenti_fw-la as_o when_o we_o say_v to_o day_n it_n rains_n this_o proposition_n may_v be_v false_a to_o morrow_n when_o it_o be_v fair_a because_o the_o matter_n or_o subject_n viz._n the_o temper_n of_o the_o air_n on_o which_o it_o be_v build_v be_v alter_v but_o this_o exception_n have_v no_o place_n in_o speculative_a truth_n which_o abstract_v from_o such_o contingency_n and_o be_v ground_v on_o our_o natural_a notion_n or_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n and_o their_o metaphysical_a verity_n which_o can_v alter_v 22._o therefore_o no_o fallible_a testimony_n can_v deserve_v assent_n to_o what_o it_o atte_v or_o say_v for_o since_o a_o fallible_a testimony_n may_v attest_v a_o falsehood_n and_o falsehood_n do_v deprave_v the_o understanding_n and_o to_o assent_v to_o a_o falsehood_n be_v a_o certain_a and_o actual_a depravation_n of_o it_o and_o therefore_o to_o assent_v to_o a_o thing_n that_o may_v be_v false_a be_v to_o hazard_v to_o deprave_v it_o and_o none_o ought_v to_o hazard_v such_o a_o injury_n to_o his_o soul_n especial_o when_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n of_o do_v himself_o that_o harm_n or_o of_o assent_v in_o such_o a_o case_n both_o because_o god_n and_o nature_n have_v furnish_v we_o with_o a_o faculty_n of_o suspending_a till_o we_o have_v evidence_n as_o also_o because_o no_o outward_a force_n can_v impel_v we_o to_o assent_v nor_o any_o interior_a force_n but_o that_o of_o clear_a evidence_n and_o a_o motive_n that_o may_v be_v false_a as_o fallible_a testimony_n may_v can_v lay_v claim_n to_o clear_a evidence_n either_o of_o its_o self_n or_o of_o its_o ground_n it_o follow_v that_o such_o a_o testimony_n can_v deserve_v our_o hazard_n to_o embrace_v a_o error_n nor_o consequent_o to_o make_v we_o assent_v upon_o its_o attestation_n lesson_n x._o of_o disputation_n and_o paralogism_n disputation_n must_v be_v fit_v to_o the_o occasion_n and_o to_o the_o end_n we_o aim_v at_o which_o may_v be_v either_o to_o clear_a truth_n by_o combat_v our_o adversary_n with_o downright_a reason_n or_o only_o to_o gain_v a_o victory_n over_o the_o defendant_n by_o stratagem_n the_o manner_n of_o dispute_v may_v be_v show_v by_o put_v four_o case_n or_o circumstance_n which_o vary_v the_o method_n of_o it_o 1._o when_o the_o defendant_n hold_v a_o false_a thesis_n the_o way_n to_o convince_v he_o will_v not_o be_v difficult_a if_o the_o doctrine_n deliver_v above_o be_v well_o consider_v and_o dexterous_o make_v use_n of_o for_o if_o a_o fit_a middle_a term_n be_v take_v and_o right_o place_v the_o conclusion_n will_v necessary_o follow_v against_o he_o so_o that_o he_o will_v be_v certain_o overthrow_v and_o his_o cause_n lose_v but_o if_o the_o disputant_n be_v so_o skilful_a as_o to_o reduce_v his_o discourse_n to_o identical_a proposition_n he_o will_v not_o have_v the_o face_n to_o own_o his_o position_n any_o long_o the_o first_o light_n of_o nature_n stand_v so_o evident_o against_o he_o 2._o to_o know_v in_o what_o mood_n we_o be_v to_o frame_v our_o syllogism_n we_o must_v take_v the_o proposition_n which_o be_v contradictory_n to_o the_o defendant_n tenet_n and_o by_o the_o certain_a rule_n give_v as_o 2._o above_o it_o will_v be_v easy_a to_o know_v in_o which_o of_o the_o four_o mood_n such_o a_o conclusion_n be_v to_o be_v prove_v for_o example_n suppose_v the_o defendant_n hold_v that_o some_o body_n be_v unchangeable_a you_o must_v take_v and_o prove_v the_o contradictory_n to_o it_o viz._n no_o body_n be_v unchangeable_a which_o be_v a_o universal_a negative_a and_o withal_o the_o proposition_n which_o be_v to_o be_v the_o conclusion_n 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quantitative_a thing_n be_v divisible_a but_o every_o body_n be_v a_o quantitative_a thing_n therefore_o every_o body_n be_v divisible_a 4._o beside_o the_o have_v a_o middle_a term_n and_o know_v in_o what_o form_n to_o argue_v some_o other_o rule_n must_v be_v observe_v 1._o get_v a_o exact_a notion_n of_o the_o term_n of_o the_o proposition_n under_o debate_n that_o be_v consider_v well_o in_o what_o common_a head_n they_o be_v and_o how_o define_v which_o be_v the_o same_o as_o to_o look_v attentive_o into_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n for_o this_o will_v best_o furnish_v you_o with_o proper_a medium_n 2._o agree_v beforehand_o with_o the_o defendant_n about_o the_o mean_v of_o the_o word_n which_o express_v those_o term_n which_o be_v the_o most_o solid_a way_n of_o state_v the_o question_n and_o of_o avoid_v wordish_a distinction_n 3._o see_v the_o medium_n be_v proper_a or_o immediate_a otherwise_o not_o be_v well_o connect_v they_o can_v conclude_v certain_o although_o the_o form_n be_v right_a 4._o take_v heed_n of_o equivocation_n of_o word_n for_o otherwise_o you_o will_v hazard_v to_o be_v carry_v aside_o from_o the_o true_a state_n of_o the_o question_n and_o lose_v sight_n of_o the_o true_a nature_n of_o the_o thing_n by_o mistake_v one_o notion_n for_o another_o and_o so_o you_o will_v be_v certain_o nonplus_v and_o the_o long_a you_o dispute_v the_o far_a still_o you_o will_v err_v 5._o observe_v well_o the_o doctrine_n of_o divide_v right_a and_o be_v sure_a that_o each_o member_n of_o the_o distinction_n he_o bring_v have_v in_o it_o the_o true_a notion_n of_o the_o term_n divide_v or_o distinguish_v otherwise_o he_o will_v baffle_v and_o confound_v you_o with_o impertinent_a distinction_n introduce_v a_o new_a question_n and_o put_v you_o beside_o your_o argument_n for_o example_n if_o he_o distinguish_v space_n into_o real_a and_o imaginary_a and_o obtain_v of_o you_o to_o admit_v imaginary_a space_n for_o one_o kind_n of_o space_n which_o be_v in_o reality_n nothing_o he_o will_v defeat_v your_o argument_n and_o put_v you_o to_o fight_v against_o the_o air_n while_n by_o get_v you_o to_o admit_v non_fw-fr ens_fw-la for_o ens_fw-la he_o may_v answer_v or_o say_v any_o thing_n you_o have_v lose_v all_o your_o strength_n when_o you_o forego_v nature_n and_o suffer_v your_o natural_a notion_n to_o be_v pervert_v the_o same_o may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o distinction_n of_o ens_fw-la into_o positivum_fw-la and_o negativum_fw-la which_o be_v plain_o to_o distinguish_v ens_fw-la into_o ens_fw-la and_o non_fw-la ens._n 6._o when_o the_o defendant_n grant_v any_o thing_n then_o to_o lay_v up_o in_o careful_a memory_n his_o own_o concession_n and_o make_v use_n of_o they_o against_o he_o to_o force_v he_o to_o admit_v truth_n or_o retract_v for_o otherwise_o he_o may_v perhaps_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o dispute_n yield_v candid_o to_o diverse_a thing_n which_o afterward_o when_o he_o find_v himself_o pinch_v and_o reduce_v to_o straits_n he_o will_v flat_o deny_v 7._o to_o be_v true_a to_o your_o cause_n and_o to_o seek_v the_o victory_n of_o truth_n over_o error_n rather_o than_o your_o own_o over_o your_o adversary_n that_o be_v to_o hold_v he_o still_o to_o the_o point_n and_o to_o pursue_v the_o eviction_n of_o that_o and_o not_o leave_v that_o pursuit_n to_o catch_v the_o adversary_n at_o advantage_n and_o follow_v on_o that_o game_n to_o show_v he_o weak_a and_o self-contradictory_a though_o it_o be_v not_o amiss_o to_o hint_n and_o then_o wave_v it_o as_o be_v the_o less-laudable_a way_n of_o those_o who_o fall_v to_o argue_v ad_fw-la hominem_fw-la yet_o if_o the_o repute_n of_o the_o person_n happen_v to_o weigh_v more_o with_o his_o follower_n than_o the_o strength_n of_o his_o reason_n and_o that_o he_o be_v hold_v obstinate_a and_o to_o want_v candour_n it_o may_v be_v a_o duty_n to_o truth_n and_o
nor_o in_o what_o their_o more_o than_o adamantin_n hardness_n consist_v nor_o how_o the_o potential_a part_n of_o these_o atom_n do_v come_v to_o have_v such_o a_o insuperably-firm_a coherence_n nor_o yet_o do_v cartesius_n explicate_v to_o we_o of_o what_o nature_n his_o first_o mass_n of_o matter_n be_v what_o degree_n of_o consistency_n or_o density_n it_o have_v and_o if_o any_o as_o it_o must_v have_v some_o or_o oâ—her_o why_o it_o be_v to_o be_v of_o that_o density_n or_o in_o what_o that_o density_n consist_v which_o show_v that_o neither_o of_o they_o regard_v or_o mind_v the_o intrinsecal_n nature_n of_o their_o first_o matter_n though_o this_o must_v needs_o have_v have_v great_a influence_n on_o the_o oeconomy_n of_o the_o world_n and_o have_v afford_v we_o much_o light_n to_o know_v the_o constitution_n and_o temper_n of_o natural_a body_n and_o consequent_o of_o their_o proper_a cause_n and_o effect_n as_o also_o of_o many_o intrinsical_a modification_n of_o they_o high_o conduce_v to_o give_v account_n of_o and_o explicate_v the_o operation_n of_o natural_a agent_n the_o only_a thing_n they_o seem_v to_o have_v regard_v be_v the_o extension_n of_o their_o first_o matter_n and_o the_o motion_n figure_n and_o situation_n of_o its_o part_n which_o be_v extrinsical_a or_o common_a consideration_n but_o to_o give_v any_o account_n of_o what_o intrinsical_a or_o essential_a nature_n that_o matter_n be_v they_o be_v perfect_o silent_a they_o suppose_v it_o to_o be_v but_o they_o do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o suppose_v it_o to_o be_v of_o such_o or_o such_o a_o intrinsical_a nature_n which_o yet_o they_o must_v be_v bind_v to_o do_v since_o all_o extrinsical_a respect_n come_v by_o motion_n which_o be_v not_o yet_o begin_v or_o if_o epicurus_n do_v by_o make_v his_o atom_n infractil_o it_o be_v both_o say_v gratis_o and_o beside_o he_o give_v we_o no_o account_n in_o what_o that_o quality_n of_o indissoluble_a hardness_n consist_v or_o how_o it_o be_v to_o be_v explicate_v 11._o hence_o the_o peripatetic_n allege_v that_o however_o the_o author_n of_o those_o sect_n be_v man_n of_o great_a wit_n and_o strong_a brain_n for_o it_o be_v not_o a_o task_n for_o ordinary_a capacity_n to_o undertake_v a_o design_n that_o fathom_n and_o comprehend_v all_o nature_n yet_o they_o can_v never_o begin_v with_o evident_a categorical_a proposition_n and_o first_o principle_n or_o carry_v on_o their_o discourse_n so_o as_o to_o bear_v the_o test_n of_o true_a logic_n but_o either_o their_o principle_n must_v be_v far_o from_o self-evident_a and_o must_v need_v proof_n which_o be_v against_o the_o nature_n of_o first_o principle_n or_o else_o their_o consequence_n must_v be_v loose_a and_o slack_a and_o the_o only_a way_n to_o refute_v this_o objection_n be_v for_o some_o of_o their_o school_n to_o put_v it_o to_o the_o trial_n by_o lay_v their_o principle_n and_o proceed_v forward_o to_o draw_v all_o along_o evident_a conclusion_n without_o intermingle_v their_o own_o supposition_n but_o the_o peripatetic_n be_v very_o confident_a they_o neither_o can_v do_v this_o nor_o will_v ever_o attempt_v it_o i_o mean_v so_o as_o to_o carry_v it_o along_o with_o connexion_n and_o evidence_n in_o which_o spinoza_n though_o perhaps_o the_o best_a writer_n of_o the_o cartesian_a school_n fall_v very_o short_a and_o piece_n out_o his_o discourse_n with_o many_o unproved_a supposition_n as_o be_v hint_v above_o in_o my_o preface_n 12._o and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o corpuscularian_o be_v force_v by_o their_o cause_n to_o decline_v such_o a_o severe_a method_n antiperipatetick_n strive_v to_o avail_v themselves_o and_o uphold_v their_o cause_n by_o witty_a discourse_n smooth_a language_n clear_a expression_n apt_a similitude_n ingenious_a experiment_n that_o bear_v a_o semblance_n of_o agree_v with_o their_o doctrine_n and_o such_o like_a stratagem_n to_o make_v a_o plausible_a show_n of_o science_n but_o their_o chief_a reliance_n be_v on_o the_o facile_a and_o familiar_a appearance_n to_o fancy_n with_o which_o they_o court_v that_o delusive_a and_o easy_o delude_v faculty_n and_o to_o this_o end_n they_o gratify_v it_o with_o such_o proposal_n as_o be_v apt_a to_o sink_v into_o it_o most_o pleas_o such_o as_o be_v particle_n of_o matter_n who_o variety_n of_o imaginary_a figure_n and_o the_o diverse_a position_n of_o they_o they_o without_o study_n quick_o apprehend_v and_o conceit_v that_o all_o be_v do_v when_o they_o have_v thus_o fancy_v or_o apprehend_v they_o they_o argue_v thus_o if_o these_o pore_n and_o part_n will_v do_v the_o business_n what_o need_n be_v there_o of_o those_o abstruse_a and_o metaphysical_a speculation_n of_o formal_a composition_n and_o mutation_n and_o those_o many_o intrinsical_a change_n of_o which_o fancy_n can_v frame_v no_o idea_n or_o shape_v and_o indeed_o such_o high_a point_n seem_v to_o that_o superficial_a faculty_n mysterious_a whimsy_n they_o disgust_v it_o with_o the_o laboriousness_n of_o comprehend_v they_o and_o persuade_v man_n of_o fancy_n it_o be_v impossible_a to_o explicate_v nature_n by_o such_o principle_n because_o they_o be_v raise_v beyond_o its_o reach_n and_o indeed_o if_o nature_n can_v be_v solid_o explicate_v by_o a_o kind_n of_o contessellation_n of_o particle_n fancy_n will_v have_v as_o it_o never_o have_v some_o reason_n but_o if_o upon_o examination_n we_o come_v to_o find_v that_o such_o scheme_n go_v no_o deep_a than_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o essence_n of_o thing_n that_o they_o can_v never_o reach_v to_o the_o bottom-principle_n of_o nature_n nor_o give_v solid_a satisfaction_n of_o the_o true_a intrinsical_a nature_n of_o any_o thing_n to_o the_o judgement_n attend_v to_o maxim_n of_o evident_a reason_n and_o to_o true_a logic_n then_o we_o must_v be_v force_v to_o follow_v the_o aristotelian_a doctrine_n and_o have_v recourse_n to_o intrinsical_a and_o formal_a mutation_n especial_o if_o the_o necessity_n of_o allow_v it_o shall_v happen_v to_o be_v demonstate_v 13._o to_o do_v which_o be_v our_o present_a work_n we_o will_v begin_v with_o epicurus_n doctrine_n a_o scholar_n of_o the_o first_o class_n in_o the_o school_n of_o democritus_n this_o philosopher_n if_o we_o may_v call_v he_o so_o put_v innumerable_a atom_n or_o rather_o contrary_a to_o a_o clear_a demonstration_n a_o actual_o infinite_a number_n of_o they_o and_o of_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o figure_n descend_v in_o a_o infinite_a imaginary_a space_n or_o vacuity_n some_o of_o they_o downward_o some_o of_o they_o overthwart_o according_a as_o his_o hypothesis_n have_v occasion_n that_o so_o they_o may_v overtake_v their_o fellow-atome_n with_o which_o cling_v together_o by_o virtue_n of_o their_o mere_a figure_n they_o compound_v several_a world_n and_o every_o particular_a body_n in_o each_o of_o those_o world_n that_o natural_a body_n become_v rare_a or_o dense_n according_a as_o they_o have_v in_o they_o more_o or_o few_o of_o those_o atom_n or_o as_o they_o call_v it_o plenum_fw-la in_o proportion_n to_o the_o vacuum_n thus_o much_o in_o common_a of_o his_o hypothesis_n which_o be_v the_o circumstance_n proper_a it_o be_v easy_a to_o show_v beside_o it_o be_v vnprove_v be_v a_o hotchpotch_n of_o the_o most_o refine_a nonsense_n in_o every_o particular_a sentence_n and_o almost_o in_o every_o word_n notwithstanding_o the_o explication_n and_o patronage_n which_o gassendus_fw-la lucretius_n and_o our_o dr._n charleton_n have_v lend_v he_o while_o i_o be_o speak_v of_o his_o tenet_n i_o note_v here_o by_o the_o way_n that_o by_o the_o indivisibility_n of_o his_o atom_n he_o mean_v insuperable_a hardness_n or_o absolute_a infractilness_n and_o not_o that_o they_o consist_v in_o a_o point_n or_o want_n extension_n as_o he_o be_v understand_v by_o mr._n le_fw-fr grand_fw-fr in_o his_o entire_a body_n of_o philosophy_n part_v 4._o c._n 4._o §_o 6._o for_o to_o think_v that_o since_o he_o make_v they_o of_o several_a figure_n there_o shall_v want_v room_n or_o space_n to_o admit_v division_n can_v not_o be_v mean_v by_o such_o man_n as_o epicurus_n or_o gassendus_fw-la but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o business_n what_o concern_v we_o at_o present_a be_v this_o that_o let_v he_o contrive_v his_o scheme_n as_o he_o please_v for_o in_o such_o fantastic_a philosophy_n all_o be_v as_o please_v fancy_n the_o painter_n yet_o he_o must_v be_v force_v to_o grant_v intrinsecal_n and_o formal_a mutation_n even_o while_o he_o most_o industrious_o strive_v to_o avoid_v it_o at_o least_o though_o perhaps_o his_o follower_n will_v not_o own_o the_o conclusion_n yet_o they_o must_v allow_v the_o ground_n of_o it_o or_o the_o principle_n that_o ought_v to_o infer_v it_o 14._o to_o show_v which_o we_o ask_v be_v all_o his_o atom_n of_o the_o same_o matter_n changeable_a he_o must_v grant_v it_o for_o he_o allow_v no_o difference_n between_o they_o but_o that_o of_o figure_n again_o each_o of_o those_o atom_n must_v be_v grant_v to_o be_v
it_o which_o be_v not_o proper_o entity_n but_o only_a modes_n of_o ens._n it_o be_v a_o folly_n to_o allege_v the_o figure_n or_o extension_n of_o those_o particle_n for_o if_o the_o subject_n i_o mean_v the_o particle_n be_v not_o the_o same_o all_o the_o accident_n which_o belong_v to_o those_o numerical_o different_a subject_n must_v be_v numerical_o different_a likewise_o and_o so_o can_v constitute_v a_o thing_n to_o be_v numerical_o one_o but_o only_o add_v more_o numerical_a thing_n to_o it_o to_o make_v it_o numerical_o many_o extension_n be_v hold_v by_o they_o to_o be_v the_o only_a essential_a form_n of_o their_o matter_n they_o so_o oughts_z if_o they_o go_v to_o work_v logical_o and_o consequential_o to_o say_v that_o particular_a extension_n of_o that_o matter_n which_o come_v along_o with_o those_o particle_n do_v give_v a_o particular_a essence_n to_o each_o of_o those_o compound_n which_o be_v make_v of_o that_o matter_n and_o so_o make_v the_o generical_a notion_n hold_v in_o every_o species_n and_o individuum_fw-la of_o that_o common_a body_n as_o entity_n which_o be_v the_o form_n of_o ens_fw-la be_v find_v in_o every_o individual_a thing_n in_o the_o whole_a world_n and_o not_o to_o make_v the_o essential_a difference_n of_o those_o body_n consist_v in_o such_o respect_n as_o be_v not_o essential_a they_o will_v tell_v we_o of_o many_o modification_n of_o each_o compound_v but_o they_o shall_v consider_v that_o modification_n of_o the_o thing_n or_o subject_n do_v supervene_v to_o it_o and_o therefore_o the_o thing_n must_v first_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v ever_o it_o can_v be_v capable_a to_o be_v modify_v and_o it_o look_v odd_a to_o talk_v of_o modify_v what_o be_v not_o or_o of_o modify_v a_o nothing_o yet_o though_o it_o strain_v good_a sense_n they_o tell_v we_o of_o other_o essential_a modification_n of_o the_o matter_n in_o each_o compound_v as_o if_o res_n be_v not_o by_o all_o mankind_n and_o by_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n presuppose_v to_o modus_fw-la rei_fw-la but_o this_o catachesis_n they_o be_v force_v to_o by_o their_o pique_n against_o essential_a form_n the_o sense_n of_o which_o the_o goodness_n of_o rational_a nature_n force_v they_o to_o admit_v though_o out_o of_o aversion_n to_o the_o word_n they_o general_o change_v it_o into_o a_o worse_a 42._o their_o last_o evasion_n than_o be_v to_o say_v that_o those_o vegetable_n and_o animal_n be_v the_o same_o moral_o and_o indeed_o they_o can_v in_o all_o humane_a language_n pick_v out_o a_o blind_a word_n and_o of_o a_o more_o ambiguous_a signification_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v most_o proper_a to_o make_v use_n of_o for_o a_o subterfuge_n against_o clear_a reason_n i_o never_o yet_o can_v hear_v of_o any_o man_n that_o can_v define_v it_o and_o it_o be_v as_o easy_a for_o the_o tailor_n in_o the_o fable_n to_o fit_v the_o moon_n with_o a_o coat_n as_o to_o fit_v it_o with_o a_o definition_n but_o we_o will_v do_v what_o we_o can_v to_o show_v the_o different_a sense_n it_o may_v have_v in_o our_o circumstance_n and_o that_o none_o of_o they_o can_v serve_v their_o purpose_n either_o then_o to_o be_v moral_o the_o same_o signify_v that_o the_o thing_n do_v seem_v to_o we_o to_o be_v the_o same_o though_o it_o it_o be_v not_o so_o real_o but_o this_o come_v over_o to_o we_o instead_o of_o oppose_v we_o for_o our_o question_n be_v what_o be_v and_o not_o what_o seem_v nor_o be_v such_o a_o expression_n to_o be_v tolerate_v among_o philosopher_n who_o duty_n it_o be_v to_o consider_v what_o pass_v real_o in_o nature_n and_o not_o what_o only_a appear_v so_o or_o else_o these_o word_n must_v mean_v that_o the_o thing_n be_v not_o considerable_o change_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v moral_o speak_v the_o same_o but_o this_o be_v most_o evident_o false_a for_o the_o overgrow_a oak_n have_v a_o thousand_o time_n more_o quantity_n in_o it_o and_o consequent_o according_a to_o they_o more_o matter_n add_v to_o it_o than_o it_o have_v while_o it_o be_v but_o a_o sayon_n wherefore_o it_o must_v be_v more_o than_o moral_o that_o be_v considerable_o change_v according_a to_o its_o quantity_n and_o yet_o not_o at_o all_o change_v as_o it_o be_v a_o ens_fw-la or_o thing_n and_o this_o be_v all_o i_o can_v imagine_v the_o antiperipatetick_n can_v any_o way_n plead_v to_o escape_v the_o force_n of_o our_o argument_n for_o formal_a mutation_n 27._o our_o ingenious_a countryman_n mr._n locke_n go_v more_o solid_o to_o work_v by_o make_v it_o to_o be_v the_o same_o plant_n as_o long_o as_o it_o partake_v of_o the_o same_o life_n in_o a_o like_o continue_v organization_n conformable_a to_o that_o sort_n of_o plant_n for_o life_n speak_v something_o intrinsical_v and_o essential_a which_o the_o mere_a range_v of_o particle_n thus_o or_o thus_o do_v not_o unless_o we_o will_v say_v that_o a_o watch_n or_o clock_n live_v and_o therefore_o it_o argue_v some_o formal_a mutation_n of_o the_o matter_n while_o it_o be_v dispose_v fit_v and_o as_o it_o be_v digest_v so_o as_o to_o continue_v that_o life_n by_o nourish_v the_o vegetable_a for_o it_o will_v seem_v incredible_a to_o any_o considerer_n that_o particle_n of_o all_o sort_n shall_v be_v find_v in_o such_o vast_a quantity_n in_o every_o little_a spot_n of_o ground_n where_o so_o many_o several_a plant_n and_o tree_n do_v grow_v as_o be_v proper_a to_o each_o and_o sufficient_a to_o nourish_v they_o up_o tâ—ll_v they_o increase_v to_o such_o a_o prodigious_a bigness_n yet_o this_o must_v be_v assert_v if_o formal_a mutation_n be_v deny_v but_o i_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n allow_v what_o he_o say_v there_o that_o the_o principium_fw-la individuationis_fw-la be_v existence_n for_o since_o create_v entity_n have_v not_o existence_n from_o their_o being_n entia_fw-la or_o thing_n or_o which_o be_v the_o same_o individuum_v all_o we_o can_v say_v of_o they_o be_v that_o they_o be_v capable_a of_o exist_v and_o this_o they_o must_v have_v antecedent_o in_o priority_n of_o nature_n to_o their_o actual_a existence_n wherefore_o their_o individuation_n must_v be_v presuppose_v to_o existence_n and_o so_o can_v depend_v on_o it_o as_o on_o its_o principle_n again_o since_o plato_n flash_n of_o idea_n exist_v in_o common_a be_v now_o hiss_v out_o of_o all_o school_n if_o indeed_o that_o excellent_a man_n mean_v they_o as_o his_o opposer_n apprehend_v he_o and_o that_o neither_o man_n nor_o horse_n in_o common_a can_v exist_v but_o it_o must_v be_v determinate_o and_o particular_o this_o or_o that_o man_n horse_n etc._n etc._n it_o must_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v constitute_v determinate_o this_o or_o that_o individuum_fw-la ere_o it_o can_v be_v capable_a of_o exist_v wherefore_o existence_n be_v a_o accidental_a formality_n superven_a to_o the_o individuum_fw-la already_o determine_v and_o make_v fit_a to_o exist_v that_o be_v to_o the_o individuum_fw-la already_o constitute_v and_o therefore_o existence_n can_v cause_v nor_o constitute_v it_o have_v i_o leisure_n and_o be_v the_o place_n proper_a i_o will_v show_v my_o respect_n to_o the_o learned_a author_n by_o give_v he_o my_o thought_n of_o his_o chapter_n concerd_v identity_n and_o diversity_n for_o it_o be_v a_o important_a subject_n and_o i_o see_v it_o be_v treat_v by_o he_o more_o elaborate_o than_o be_v some_o other_o part_n of_o that_o worthy_a book_n 43._o last_o to_o say_v no_o more_o of_o formal_a mutation_n in_o body_n let_v we_o cast_v a_o short_a view_n upon_o what_o pass_v in_o spiritual_a nature_n when_o a_o soul_n that_o before_o be_v ignorant_a become_v know_v or_o a_o wicked_a soul_n virtuous_a can_v it_o be_v deny_v that_o those_o soul_n be_v change_v according_a to_o that_o form_n call_v quality_n and_o yet_o remain_v the_o same_o according_a to_o their_o essence_n sure_o they_o can_v say_v that_o this_o be_v do_v by_o new_a atom_n aggregated_a to_o that_o soul_n or_o by_o any_o other_o of_o those_o odd_a requisite_n they_o put_v to_o induce_v a_o new_a accidental_a form_n and_o if_o not_o they_o must_v see_v and_o confess_v that_o formal_a mutation_n be_v beyond_o all_o dispute_n find_v in_o spiritual_a nature_n much_o more_o than_o may_v it_o have_v place_n in_o body_n which_o be_v subject_a to_o motion_n which_o be_v essential_o change_n be_v consequent_o of_o a_o nature_n far_o more_o changeable_a than_o spiritual_a being_n be_v what_o can_v be_v answer_v to_o those_o press_a argument_n i_o can_v in_o their_o behalf_n imagine_v nor_o i_o be_o confident_a can_v themselves_o give_v any_o reply_n that_o be_v solid_a or_o take_v from_o the_o know_a and_o acknowledge_v nature_n of_o thing_n however_o they_o may_v shuffle_v it_o off_o witty_o by_o throw_v in_o some_o unproved_a supposition_n plain_o express_v and_o endeavour_v to_o make_v that_o pass_n upon_o their_o reader_n but_o it_o be_v impossible_a