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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A17539	Of Englishe dogges the diuersities, the names, the natures, and the properties. A short treatise written in latine by Iohannes Caius of late memorie, Doctor of Phisicke in the Vniuersitie of Cambridge; and newly drawne into Englishe by Abraham Fleming student. Seene and allowed.; De canibus Britannicis. Part 1. English	Caius, John, 1510-1573.; Fleming, Abraham, 1552?-1607.	1576 (1576)	STC 4347; ESTC S113247	32,086	62

The Gasehounde called in latine Agasaeus hath his name of the sharpenesse and stedfastnesse of his eyesight Ey which vertue he compasseth that which otherwise he cannot by smelling attaine As we haue made former relation for to gase is earnestly to viewe and beholde from whence floweth the deriuation of this dogges name Of the Grehounde The Grehounde called Leporarius hath his name of this word Gre which word soundeth Gradus in latine in Englishe degree Because among all dogges these are the most principall occupying the chiefest place and being simply and absolutely the best of the gentle kinde of houndes Of the Le●yner or the Lyemmer This dogge is called a Leuyner for his lyghtnesse which in latine soundeth Leuitas Or a Lyemmer whsch worde is borrowed of Lyemme which the latinists name Lorum and wherefore we call him a Leuyner of this worde Leuitas as we doe many things besides why we deriue and drawe a thousand of our tearmes out of the Greeke the Latine the Italian the Dutch the French and the Spanishe tounge Out of which fountaines in deede they had their originall issue How many words are buryed in the graue of forgetfulnes growne out of vse wrested awaye and peruersly corrupted by diuers defaultes we wil declare at large in our booke intituled Symphonia vocum Britannicarum Of the Tumbler Among houndes the Tumbler called in latine Vertagus is the last which commeth of this worde Tumbler flowyng first of al out of the French fountaine For as we say Tumble so they Tumbier reseruing one sense and signification which the latinists comprehende vnder this worde V●ertere So that we sée thus much that Tumbler commeth of Tumbier the vowell I chaunged into the Liquid L after the maner of our speache Contrary to the French and the Italian tounge In which two languages A Liquid before a Vowell for the most part is turned into another Vowell As may be perceaued in the example of these two wordes Implere plano for Impiere piano L before E chaunged into I and L before A turned into I also This I thought conuenient for a taste The names of such Dogges as be contained in the second Section AFter such as serue for hunting orderly doe follow such as serue for hawking and fowling Among which the principall and chiefest is the Spaniell called in Latine Hispaniolus borrowing his name of Hispania Spaine wherein wée Englishe men not pronouncing the Aspiration H Nor the Vowell I for quicknesse and redinesse of speach say roundly A Spaniell Of the Setter The second sort of this second diuision and second section is called a Setter in latine Index Of the worde Set which signifieth in Englishe that which the Latinistes meane by this word Locum designare the reason is rehersed before more largely it shall not neede to make a new repetition Of the water Spaniell or Finder The water Spaniell consequently followeth called in Latine Aquaticus in English a waterspaniell which name is compounde of two simple wordes namely Water which in Latine soūdeth Aqua wherin he swymmeth And Spaine Hispania the country frō whence they came Not that England wanteth such kinde of Dogges for they are naturally bred and ingendred in this country But because they beare the generall and common name of these Dogges synce the time they were first brought ouer out of Spaine And wee make a certaine difference in this sort of Dogges eyther for some thing which in theyr voyce is to be marked or for some thing which in their qualities is to be considered as for an example in this kinde called the Spaniell by the apposition and putting to of this word water which two coupled together sounde waterspaniell He is also called a fynder in Latine Inquisitor because that by serious and secure seeking he findeth such things as be lost which word Finde in English is that which the Latines meane by this Uerbe Inuenire This dogge hath this name of his property because the principall point of his seruice consisteth in the premisses The names of such Dogges as be contained in the thirde Section NOw leauing the suruiewe of hunting and hauking dogs it remaineth that we runne ouer the residue whereof some be called fine dogs some course other some mungrels or rascalls The first is the Spaniell gentle called Canis Mel●taeus because it is a kinde of dogge accepted among gentles Nobles Lordes Ladies c. who make much of them vouchsafeing to admit them so farre into their company that they will not onely lull them in theyr lappes but kysse them with their lippes and make them theyr prettie playfellowes Such a one was Gorgons litle puppie mencioned by Theocritus in Siracusis who taking his iourney straightly charged commaunded his mayde to sée to his Dogge as charely and warely as to his childe To call him in alwayes that he wandred not abroade as well as to rock the babe a sléepe crying in the cradle This puppitly and peasantly curre which some frumpingly tearme fysteing hounds serue in a maner to no good vse except As we haue made former relation to succour and strengthen quailing and quamming stomackes to bewray bawdery and filthy abhominable leudnesse which a litle dogge of this kinde did in Siciliae As Aelianus in his .7 booke of beastes and .27 chapter recordeth The names of such dogges as be contained in the fourth Section OF dogges vnder the courser kinde wée will deale first with the shepherds dogge whom we call the Bandogge the Tydogge or the Mastyue the first name is imputed to him for seruice Quoniam pastori famulatur because he is at the shepherds his masters commaundement The seconde a Ligamento of the ●and or chaine wherewith he is tyed The thirde a Sagina Of the fatnesse of his body For this kinde of dogge which is vsually tyed is myghty grosse and fat fed I know this that Augustinus Niphus calleth this Mastinus which we call Mastinus And that Albertus writeth how the Lyciscu● is ingendred by a beare and a wolfe Notwithstanding the self same Author taketh it for the most part pro Molosso A dogge of such a countrey The names of such dogges as be contained in the fifte Section OF mungrels and rascalls somwhat is to be spoken And among these of the VVappe or Turnespet which name is made of two simple words that is of Turne which in latine soundeth Vertere and of spete which is Veru or spede for the Englishe word inclineth closer to the Italian imitation Veruuersator Turnspet He is called also VVaupe of the naturall noise of his voyce VVau which he maketh in barcking But for the better and the redyer sounde the vowell u is chaunged into the cōsonant p so that for waupe we say wappe And yet I wot well that Nonius borroweth his Baubari of the naturall voyce Bau as the Graecians doe their 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of wau Now when you vnderstand this that Saltaro in latine signifieth Dansare in Englishe And that our

withdrew himself from no labour repined at no paines forsooke no trauaile refused no indeuour finally pretermitted no opportunity or circumstaunce which séemed pertinent and requisite to the performance of this litle libell In the whole discourse wherof the booke to consider the substaunce being but a pamphlet or skantling the argument not so fyne and affected and yet the doctrine very profitable and necessarye he vseth such a smoothe and comely style and tyeth his inuention to such methodicall and orderly procéedings as the elegantnes and neatnesse of his Latine phrase being pure perfect and vnmingled maketh the matter which of it selfe is very base and clubbishe to appeare shall I say tollerable nay rather commendable and effectuall The sundry sortes of Englishe dogges he discouereth so euidently their natures he rippeth vp so apparantly their manners he openeth so manifestly their qualities he declareth so skilfully their proportions he painteth out so perfectly their colours he describeth so artificially and knytteth all these in such shortnesse and breuity that the mouth of th'aduersary must néedes confesse giue sentence that commendation ought to bée his rewarde and praise his deserued pension An ignoraunt man woulde neuer haue bene drawne into this opinion to thincke that there had bene in England such variety choise of dogges in all respectes not onely for name but also for qualitie so diuerse and vnlike But what cannot learning attaine what cannot the kay of knowledge open what cannot the lampe of vnderstanding lighten what secretes cannot discretion detect finally what cannot experience comprehend what buge heapes of histories hath Gesnerus hourded vp in volumes of a large syze Fishes in floudes Cattell on lande Byrdes in the ayre how hath he sifted them by ther naturall differences how closely and in how narrow a compasse hath he couched mighty and monstruous beasts in bygnesse lyke mountaines the bookes themselues being lesser then Molehilles The lyfe of this man was not so great a restority of comfort as his death was an vlcer or wound of sorrow the losse of whom Caius lamented not so much as he was his faithfull friende as for that he was a famous Philosopher and yet the former reason being in very déede vehement forceable did stinge him with more griefe then he peraduenture was willing to disclose And though death be counted terrible for the time and consequently vnhappy yet Caius aduoucheth the death of Gesner most blessed luckie and fortunate as in his Booke intituled De libris proprijs appeareth But of these two Eagles sufficient is spoken as I suppose and yet litle enough in consideration of their dignitie and worthines Neuerthelesse litle or mickle something or nothing substaunce or shadow take all in good part my meaning is by a fewe wordes to wynne credit to this worke not so much for mine owne Englishe Translation as for the singuler commendation of them challenged of dutie and desart Wherfore gentle Reader I commit them to thy memorie and their bookes to thy courteous censure They were both learned men and painefull practitioners in their professions so much the more therfore are their workes worthy estimation I would it were in me to aduaunce them as I wishe the worst and yet both no doubt excellent hath deserued a monument of immortality Well there is no more to be added but this that as the translatiō of this booke was attempted finished and published of goodwill not onely to minister pleasure as to affoord profit so it is my desire and request that my labour therin employed may be acceptable as I hope it shal be to men of indifferent iudgement As for such as shall snarr and snatch at the Englishe abridgement and teare the Translatour being absent with the teeth of spightfull enuye I conclude in breuity there eloquence is but currishe if I serue in their meate with wrong sawce ascribe it not to vnskilfulnesse in coquery but to ignoraunce in their diet for as the Poet sayeth Non satis est ars sola coquo seruire palato Nanque coquus domini debet habere gulam It is not enough that a cooke vnderstand Except his Lordes stomack he holde in his hand To winde vp all in a watcheworde I saye no more But doe well and Farewell His and his Friendes Abraham Fleming The first Section of this discourse ¶ The Preamble or entraunce into this treatise I Wrote vnto you well beloued friende Gesner not many yeares past a manifolde historie contayning the diuers formes and figures of Beastes Byrdes and Fyshes the sundry shapes of of plantes and the fashions of Hearbes c. I wrote moreouer vnto you seuerally a certayne abridgement of Dogges which in your discourse vpon the fourmes of Beastes in the seconde order of mylde and tameable Beastes where you make mencion of Scottishe Dogges and in the wynding vp of your Letter written and directed to Doctour Turner comprehending a Catalogue or rehersall of your bookes not yet extant you promised to set forth in print an● openly to publishe in the face of the worlde among such your workes as are not yet come abroade to lyght and sight But because certaine circumstaunces were wanting in my breuiary of Englishe Dogges as séemed vnto mee I stayed the publication of the same making promise to sende another abroade which myght be commytted to the handes the eyes the eares the mindes and the iudgements of the Readers Wherefore that I myght perfourme that preciselye which I promised solempnly accomplishe my determination and satisfy your expectacion which art a man desirous and capeable of all kinde of knowledge and very earnest to be acquain●ed with all experimentes I wyll expresse and declare in due order the grand and generall kinde of Englishe Dogges the difference of them the vse the propertyes and the diuerse natures of the same making a tripartite diuision in this sort and maner All Englishe Dogges be eyther of A gentle kinde seruing the game A homely kind apt for sundry necessary vses A currishe kinde méete for many toyes Of these thrée sortes or kindes so meane I to intreate that the first in the first place the last in the last roome and the myddle sort in the middle seate be handled I cal thē vniuersally all by the name of English dogges as well because England only as it hath in it English dogs so it is not without Scottishe as also for that wée are more inclined and delighted with the noble game of hunting for we Englishmen are adicted and giuen to that exercise painefull pastime of pleasure as well for the plenty of fleshe which our Parkes and Forrests doe foster as also for the oportunitie and conuenient leasure which we obtaine both which the Scottes want Wherfore séeing that the whole estate of kindly hunting consisteth principally In these two pointes In chasing the beast that is in hunting In taking the byrde that is in fowleing It is necessary and requisite to vnderstand that there are two sortes of Dogges by whose

made some dogges for hunting 4 Naturall properties of the water spaniel 16 No VVolues in Englande nor VVales 24 No place free from theeues 27 Nothing escapeth the spoiler 28 Nonius bau wan 29 Names of the mastiue 33 Names of the spaniel gentle 22 Names of Dogges whence they were deriued 39.40.41.42 c. O. One Dogge hunteth diuerse beastes 4 Owners of bloudhoundes howe they vse them 6 Order of the Tumbler in hunting 11 Of the Cumane asse 37 Of brasen shanckt Thales ibi O●ter 7 P. Properties of a bloudhound issuing from desire 7 Proportion and making of the water spaniel 17 Pupine a byrd and a fyshe 18 Princes pallace pestered with theeues 26 Paris in Fraunce 30 R. Rome maintained dogges 28 Rare toyes meete for Englishemen 37 S. Smelling is not incident to the gasehound 8 Spaniels of a gentle kinde 14 Spaniels two sortes ibide Spaniel of the lande what properties ibidem Spaniel for the hauke and the nette ibide Spaniels some haue speciall names ibide Spaniel a name vniuersall 15 Spaniels the colour of their skinnes ibidem Setters make no noyse or very litle in their game ibidem Setters giue attendaunce ibide Setters behauiour ibide Setter whence he hath his name 16 Sea calfe not numbred amonge Englishe dogges 19 Sea calfe called a dogge fishe ibi Seele or sea veale ibidem Spaniell gentle or the comforter 20 Shepherdes dogge 23. The necessity of their seruice ibi The proportion of them ibidem Shepherdes what benefite they reape by their dogges 24 Sheepherdes in what countreys they go before their sheepe ibidem Sheepe howe they flocke at the sheepherds whistle ibid. Sheepherds Dogge choose and take ibid. Salacones vaineglorious 27 T. Terrars hunt the badger and the Foxe 4 Terrars hunt as ferryts hunt ibi Terrars conditions ibid. Terrars holde fast with theyr teeth 5 Tumblers crafty and fraudulent 11 Tumblers why so named ibid. their trade in hūting ibi their dissembling of friendship ibi they hunt against the wind 12 Theeuish dogges ibidem Theeuish Dogge a night curre ibidem Theeues feare no law 27. Some steale for neede ibid. Some to maintaine brauery ibi Tynckers curres beare burthens 29. their conditions ibi they loue their masters ibid. Two suiters to one woman 30 Turnespet painefull in the kytchen 24 Thales with the brasen feete 37 V. Vertue of the comforter 21 Valentines law for vagabundes 27 Virgils vearse 31 W. VVatchwordes make Dogges perfect in game 8 VVonder of a Hare of Leuerit 16 VVater spaniell called the finder ibidem VVater spaniels what properties ibidem VVater spaniels their proportion 17. howe they be described by D. Caius ibidem VVhy so called ibidem VVhere their game lyeth and what it is ibidem VVhy they are called fynders ibidem VVanton women wanton puppies 20 VVolues bloudsucking beastes 23. none in England nor wales ibidem three hundred payde yearely to Prince Edgar ibid. VVarner what seruice he doth 34 VVappes vnprofitable dogges ibidem Y. Young dogges barcke much 8 Yolping and yelling in a bandogge 31 Yll kinde whelpes not regarded 31 The ende of the Index ¶ Faultes escaped thus to b'amended In the last page of the Epistle Dedicatory Quae for Qui Page 3. Grecians for Graecians Page 28. Canis Cultos for Canis Custos Page 38. Britanica for Britannica Other faultes we referre to the correction of the Reader There bée also certaine Accents wanting in the Gréeke words which because we had them not are pretermitted so haue wée byn fayne to let the Greeke words run their full length for lacke of Abbreuiations Studio industria Abrahami Flemingi