Selected quad for the lemma: word_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
word_n	good_a	gospel_n	tiding_n	2,799	5	11.8558	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A66483	Mnemonica, or, The art of memory drained out of the pure fountains of art & nature, digested into three books : also a physical treatise of cherishing natural memory, diligently collected out of divers learned mens writings / by John Willis.; Mnemonica, sive, Reminiscendi ars. English. 1661	Willis, John, d. 1628?; Sowerby, Leonard.	1661 (1661)	Wing W2812; ESTC R24570	62,111	192

admitted in this Art also many things very necessary quite omitted with so much confusion and disorder that scarcely any certainty could be found wherein to insist I did heartily desire to raise this excellent Art out of the thick fogge wherein it was inveloped and eliminate all its superfluities wherewith it was defiled Accordingly I undertook it at leisure hours and by dismissing superabundancies and supplying defects have reduced it into a new and if I be not deceived much better form which experience having proved very beneficial to my self I conceived might also profit others and therefore have boldly published the same These are the things I had to say in approbation of artificial memory whence I think doth sufficiently appear that the principles hereof are derived from the most internal Fountains of Art and Nature Such as have good natural memories may well want the use of this Art like as healthy people need no physick but it will be of singular advantage to such as have dull remiss momories especially if they be quickned and sharpned by diligent practice of this Art from theit younger years No man is indued with so happy a Memory but he may improve it by this Art for as all liberal sciences help nature to perfection by demonstrating some more accomplished method then Nature it self hath taught so also this Men compose Arguments naturally but learn to argue better by Logick so though Nature teach us to remember yet we learn to commit things to Memory more surely by benefit of this Art How mean soever these things are exposed in the ensuing Books they have been divulged with a desire of your Utility It is your part therefore to take my indeavours and labours in good part as I acknowledge it mine to give glory to God in all things and to look upon him as the Author of all good Arts and the Fountain of Wisdome Farewell J. W. The Art of Memory The first Book CHAP. I. Of remembring common affairs MNemonica or artificial Memorie so far as it falleth under our present consideration is two-fold in Writing or without Writing The Written way of Remembring dependeth on naked hand-writing which is more certain and facil then the other and therefore alwaies to be used when oportunity doth permit In treating hereof it were superfluous to speak of writing notes superfluous to speak of writing notes in Table-books or to pursue every trivial matter but onely deliver such things as seem more usefull First I will handle Notation of common business afterwards such things as pertain to learning Concerning the former of these two I will onely adde one precept omitting such as are in frequent use Provide an Almanack with blank pages in which every evening against the proper day of the moneth set down your chiefest business of that day and also the names of such persons as you have conversed with about any serious affair either at home or abroad Though the utility hereof be not presently conspicuous yet many times afterward it is of great consequence to resolve difficulties of very great importance Suppose that after some revolution of time three months a year or more question arise about the very day whereon such or such a thing hapned an exact knowledg whereof will be very profitable the certain day you have forgotten but well remember it was on the same day your sheep were shorn or the day after such friends dined with you this being considered your Almanack will exhibit the particular day Moreover by the mens names with whom you spake that day haply you may learn many things most necessary to be known in the present cause This briefly shal suffice concerning remembring ordinary business CHAP. II. Of remembring Words THere are four kinds of Memorandums belonging to Discipline or Learning Words Phrases Sentences and Set-Speeches A Word may be remembred by Derivation or Connexion Derivation is proper or Improper Proper Derivation is an apt interpretation of Words as Pellex an Harlot of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a word compounded of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the division of man and wife or if you please of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 because an Harlot is a Divided Wife 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 blessed as it were of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 immortal Filii and filiae Sons and Daughters 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 from the love they procure between Parents vir a Man à viribus Mulier a Woman quasi mollior from the Sexes tenderness Puer a Boy à puritate corporis Panis Bread of Pan who as Olaus Magnus saith first invented the Bakers Art Popa a Glutton or Victualler from Popina a Cooks-shop Lucus a Grove à lucendo for it properly signifieth a place planted with trees enlightned with Torches and hallowed to some Idol Babble of Babel a Soldier of Soldurius who served under Cesar Lib. 3. Ces Com. or if you had rather quasi sole duratus Church antiently called Kirk of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 sup 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Lord's-house Neighbour as it were nigh thy bower a word formerly used for a dwelling house Gospel of good spel antiently used for speech or tidings Partridge of parting a ridge for they are usually found in ridges of Land Improper Derivation is a strained interpretation of a word as 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 drunkenness 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 because after sacrifice they feasted their pallates 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 smoke as it were 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the steam of something burning 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Lachrimae à lacerando so Tears in English of tearing the heart Monumentum quasi monens mentem Domus ex do mus Cottage as it were a coat for age Beer as it were Bee-here Gossip of go-sip Simony as it were See-mony and Derivation howsoever absurd or wrested printeth words in Memory yea the further it is fetched the deeper impression it maketh A Word is retained by Connexion when it is aptly composed in a sentence amongst other words Homer said well Words have wings both because being spoken they cannot be recalled and that if they be neglected in the scope of sentences they are forgotten for example let these words Oestrum a Gad-bee and Cynomya an Horse-flie be propounded to be remembred they may be comprehended in a sentence thus Viminia tibi lotione macerantur quae cynomya adeoque etiam oestro vehement ius pungent Rods steeped in piss sting worse then a Horse-flye or Gad-bee So these words Vitricus a Father-in-law Acupedius a Footman illunis moonless are thus comprised in a sentence Illunis licet sublustris tamen nox erat quâ Acupedius ad Vitrici aedes deflecteret It was a light night though the moondid not shine in which the Footman called at my Father in law his house Again suppose these words to be kept in mind Alyptes a Surgeon succenturiatus substituted tympanotriba

a Drummer strigosus bare bone they may be thus framed into a Sentence Alyptes strigosus in locum tympanotribae caesi succenturiatus est A bare-boned Chyrurgeon was substituted in place of the slain Drummer This is a profitable kind of exercise for unknown out-worn forreign or seldom used words which occur sometimes in reading and are to be observed that they may be better known Learners who study the primitive words of any Language as Latine Greek or Hebrew may reap no smal benefit by Derivation and Connexion of words if they imitate the following method Having provided a Paper-book to contain the Primitive words divide every page into three Columns of which let the third be broadest In the first columne write down the Primitive words in the second their significations in the third their Etymologies or Derivations But if you meet with any word that doth not presently admit Derivation either Proper or Improper leave the space in the third columne void and pass on to the next word that you may not lose time by a perplexed indagation of the Etymology Then collect all the words you find in the page which decline Derivation into one sentence so by Connexion you may imprint those words in Memory which you cannot by Derivation Every such sentence must be written at the bottom of the page I will give you an Example in the first twelve primitive words of the Greek tongue as they are exhibited in the Catalogue of John Surcinus in this order 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to exhale from the feigned sound wee make in breathing Scap. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to hurt of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the first Passive Aorist of the verb 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to hurt according to the Ionick dialect 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 kind of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the privative particle and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 envious 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to meet of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 signifying the same 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a Maidservant delicate These words have a manifest Relation one to the other 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉   These words have a manifest Relation one to the other 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 foolish   〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a heap   〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 good As it were 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Divine or of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to be admired hence cometh our English word Agast 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Overmuch Hence cometh our English word Again and Again 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to love   〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Posts From Angeri to afflict for so they do their Horses with their Spurs and hence may come our English word Angry 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 What should a fool do with heaps of goods Here you may see two words admitting no derivation comprehended in one Sentence but the Verb 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to love is so frequent it needeth no connexion The manner of exercise to learn these is thus First lay a flat Ruler or your finger over the middle Column in such sort that the words of the first and third Column which contain the primitives their derivations may appear on both sides by mutual comparison of which you must try to investigate the significations latent under the Ruler Afterward conceal the first Column in like manner that by comparing the significations and derivations lying in sight you may study the primitive words latent under the Ruler or your finger If you dispatch but one page a day after this order which is scarcely an hours work in few dayes you may fix all the primitive words of the whole tongue in your mind without any labor nay rather with delight If you can procure some companions in scrutinie of the derivations equally lovers of the same study your labour will be rendered much more delectable and facile CHAP. III. Of remembring Phrases A Phrase may be committed to memory by accommodating it to some fit subject as if this phrase were to be remembred Very much estranged from filthy affections I apply it to a Christian Souldier as to a meet subject in this manner A Christian Souldier ought to be very much estranged from all filthy and sordid affections of mind Or this example To forgoe manhood through effeminate delicacy may be fitly accommodated to Sardanapalus King of Assyria thus Sardanapalus by effeminate delicacy and luxury lost all manhood and led a Womanish life Again this example A man furnished with abundant store of Learning may be thus applyed Usher the renowned Bishop of Armagh was furnished with abundant store of good Literature and manifold Learning so that he did justly bear the prize from most ●relates of the World This manner of applying Phrases is principally necessary in learning the Elegancies of any Tongue and is very well worthy to be more frequently used in publike Schools I confess Masters do usually command their Schollars to collect phrases and elegant sentences out of their Lectures and to write their gleanings in Books not in loose Papers which is somwhat but if they did also urge them to refer every phrase by them collected to some friend or acquaintance they would by this means reap a far greater Harvest of Learning For phrases thus accommodated sink deeper and continue longer in memory CHAP. IV. Of remembring Sentences SEntences worthy of Memory are either frequently or seldom used Sentences of common use I mean such as we desire to preserve not onely in paper but in our hearts because of their singular Elegancy serious Gravity concise brevity or witty ingenuity are to be stored in a Manual every kind in a peculiar place Epigrams by themselves Anagrams by themselves so Proverbs Epitaphs Jests Riddles Observations c. by themselves This Enchiridion wherein you write such remarkable sentences ought always to be carryed about you and may therefore be called Vade mecum that you may peruse the same at leisure-hours when you are abroad not having other employment by which means Time most precious of all things will not be unprofitably spent And hereby you will keep in mind things worthy remembrance better safer sooner more certainly profitably and delightfully then by that monstrous repetition prescribed by some Authors in this Art of Memory which nevertheless cannot be effected without long study very great defatigation of the understanding pernicious damage of the memorative faculty besides a perpetual Oblivion of some Idea's occasioned by so long space of time interposed A sentence seldom used is either an interpretation of some Classick Author or a common Observation by Classick Books or Authors I mean those which are accounted Authentick by common consent of professors in every Science such are the Scriptures among Divines Decrees and Statutes among Lawyers the works of Hypocrates Galen or Paracelsus among Physicians Euclids Elements among Mathematicians c. If you meet with any memorable interpretation of a Classick Book note it down in short hand in the Margent near the Text to which

and a Mouse according to that noted ●●rse ●●rfur edit pannum panem quoque sustineamus Sow eats Bran a Moth Cloth a a Mouse Bread So Coxcomb in English may be represented by two Cocks fighting pulling each other by the Comb. Birdlington by a Bird Ling fish so called and a Tunne Harbottle by a Hare and a Bottle c. Some men to fix single words and letters more firmly in memory use the images of men and women for substistuted Ideas of Letters and for animation to use their own phrase attribute actions to them whereby the minde may be provoked to the affections Mercy Mirth Lust Feare Avarice Wrath c. But such Ideas are by no means to be approved First because it is impious and dangerons to cherish lustfull or scurrulous images in the mind which infect the soul and render it more dull in performing its Office Secondly it wholly perverteth the natural manner of Remembring for Nature teacheth men from their infancy by the images of men to apprehend men not letters which order to infringe is all one as to unteach Nature which is both dangerous and difficult Thirdly too much time is lost in animation of such Ideas which is therefore done that being revolved in Memory they may be more deeply engraven Lastly it is vain and altogether unprofitable to frame an Alphabet of living Creatures and learn them by heart seeing they serve onely to apprehend naked Letters or single words whose use is not frequent CHAP. X. Of Written Idea's A Single written Idea is when the thing to be Remembred is imagined to be written with black letters in a plain white Table four foot square hanging against the opposite wall of the Repository Written Idea's will perhaps at first seem too weak and infirm to prompt the Memory with any thing to be remembred but if all our Rules which are required in disposing written Idea's be strictly observed you will think otherwise In every such Idea six things are required First that the Characters such as are Letters and Arithmetical figures be supposed of such magnitude that they may be plainly read by one standing somewhat remote for so they are most easily attracted by the visual faculty and transferred to Memory such like writings and inscriptions are frequently seen in walls of Churches and houses Secondly That every Idea be conceived written in the same form as are commonly exposed in Books or Paper In remembring Proofs you must fancy the names of the Books abbreviated as Gen. 20.6 Rom. 8.13 Catalogues of names are distinguished by their descent downward in order as in the Alphabetical Catalogue of the Heretiques Aetians Agnoites Albanenses Anthropomorphists Apollinaries Apellites Arrians Artemonites Athelites c. Distribution of parts distinctly placed being referred to the whole are thus explicated Jewish feasts have been more solemn 3. Passover Penticost Feast of Tab. less solemn 3. New Moons or of blowing the Trumpet Feast of Expiation Feast of Dedication instituted by Herod the Great A Syllogisme consisting of a Proposition Assumption and Conclusion is placed in divers distinct sections after this manner He which devoureth things consecrated to God procureth destruction to his own family Prov. 20.25 But he which appropriated a portion of Glebe pertaining to the Priest to himself and his heirs devoureth that which is consecrate to God Ezek. 45.4 Therefore he which appropriateth a Portion of Glebe c. A Comparison distributed into its two parts hath Protasis and Apodosis collaterally disposed thus As there is great difference between the faculty of seeing and the act of seeing for the faculty is alwayes present the act is often intermitted So there is great difference between the faculty of faith and the act of believing regenerate persons after conversion do alwayes possess the former but the latter is often interrupted So Poetical fragments are expressed in single Verses and Lines long Sentences in prose are described in Lines of equal length summarily fancy all kind of writings in their usual mode Thirdly it is required That you suppose the Writing to begin at the upper end of the Table Fourthly One word at least in every written Idea must be very carefully apprehended and supposed to be expressed in Text-Letters with all the Vowels in Gold especially let the first Letter be very great and the other transcendent Letters if there be any drawn somewhat longer then customarily Here you may observe that of the small Letters some are interlineary some transcendents Interlineary letters in all kind of Writing are such as lye equally between two parallel lines as a c e m n o r u w. Transcendent letters are such as exceed the Interlineary space some of which do onely penetrate the upper line as b d i k l t h some the lower as f s j. Fifthly It is necessary according to the Doctrine delivered in the sixt Chapter that every Idea be rendered some way partaker of the colour of his Repository that the frame or border of every Table be imagined of the same colour as his Repository Lastly you must so long contemplate your supposed written Idea till you have made at least some small impression thereof in your memory diligently observing in your mental meditation the length of the whole Writing the first letter of the principal word as in the fourth Rule the Golden Vowels transcendency and order of the letters with such like considerations as chiefly conduce to imprint the written Idea firmly in your imagination For seeing Writings make less impression in the mind then things they must be more carefully and longer revolved in mind that they may accomplish by assiduity what they cannot perform through imbecillity These generally required in every written Idea may suffice Now I will descend to particular Rules but considering that to treat of every particular kind of written Idea would be both laborious and unnecessary I will onely insist upon the more usual which are four a Word a Proof a Phrase a Sentence A single Word and a Proof cannot be supposed to have any principal Word because they be singular which never theless must be carefully taken notice of as in the fourth Rule Let this Word Spagyrus be the Example of a Word to he imaginarily written signifying according to Paracelsus one which can dexterously discern good from evil truth from falshood Fancy the same thus written SPAGYRUS In the Inscription I diligently weigh the length of the Word the first letter the figure and order of the other letters their colour and transcendency Three are of Gold a y u. three descend beneath the lower line p y g. In the inscription of a Proof besides the Name of the Book the quantity of the Numbers is to be carefully observed Number being the measure of quantity and therefore meerly related to visible things is facilely kept in mind the only observation of the quantity of Numbers fixeth them perfectly in Memory Take an Example of a Proof Exod. 10.16 The letters e

every one must write so as to direct and exercise them all at once which is frequently incumbent upon Princes and Generals of Armies in perillous times In such cases there must be assigned a peculiar Repository to every Scribe wherein the affairs and sentences by him to be dispatched must be reported in order that is the first Repository to the first Scribe the second Repository to the second the third to the third the fourth to the fourth and so forth if there be more All Idea's of things to be dispatched by the first Secretary must have some attribution of Gold appertaing to them all Idea's of the second Repository something of Silver of the third something of black of the fourth blew c. In this case also it is permitted to place two three or more Idea's if it be necessary in one place of a Repository All businesses and sentences being thus reposited in order faithfully digested before in mind it is no difficult matter by the first Idea of the first Repository to dictate to the first Scribe what he must write first by the first Idea of the second Repository to tell the second Scribe what he shall write by the first Idea of the third Repository to inform the third and in like manner all the rest in their order Again by the second Idea of each Repository the second sentence is facilely delivered to each Scribe By the third every Scribes third business by the fourth Idea their fourth and so forward in the residue This is the Exercise which by some is called the Art of Dictating Repetition is when a man repeateth sentences spoken by several persons so as to return each persons sentence in order as it was delivered as if six seven or more friends sitting together to experience your happy memory do every one in order speak some sentence to have them repeated again after the same or a retrograde manner which way they please dispose the Idea's of your first friends sentences in the first Repository of your second friend in the second Repository of your third friend in the third and so forward in the rest All which being rightly disposed you may with little trouble restore to every friend his saying either in the same order as they were spoken or in a retrograde or inverted order I have not thought expedient to illustrate these with Examples because I think them sufficiently explained by what hath been already said as also that this Exercise of Dictating and Repeating have little or no use but vain ostentation though I have inserted them here it was not done as necessary but because the knowledge of them did not seem superfluous for such as are learned of this Art CHAP. XVI Of irregular Reposition I Have thought good to annex a few words of irregular Reposition which is onely one Rule that is a real Repository may be sometimes substituted instead of a feigned which irregularity is admitted upon a double occasion First A thing it self being at hand may be fitly used instead of its proper Idea As if a man sitting in his Study light on some Book whose sheets are transplaced which he intendeth when he goes forth of his Study to send to a Book-binder to be amended That Book is to be cast at the threshold of the Study that the sight thereof may admonish him departing to get it bound So also if Ink be wanting an Ink-Glass or Bottle may be set by the Book Secondly When a man must exonerate one or more Idea's as soon as he hath reposited them as when something offers it self to a mans mind talking to a powerful or rich man which he judgeth convenient to be communicated to him with the first opportunity let him speedily reposite the Idea of that thing in the same house field plain or wheresoever he then is in some certain place conversant before his eyes that he may be always put in mind to propound the same when occasion serves As if he think to do some friendly office for a person absent by preferring some business of his to the rich man let him imagine that Friend always obvious in some determinate place in sight not suffering the object to slip out of view till he have curteously performed his officious enterprise Or if there intervene some thought of buying fewel whereof the rich man hath great plenty let him suppose a great quantity of Wood piled up in some place not distant out of sight This is all I have to say of irregular Reposition CHAP. XVII Of depositing Idea's HAving spoken copiously of repositing Idea's now I will conclude with Depositing them Deposition of Idea's is when things charged upon Memory by Idea's are recalled and the mind exonerated of them the Memorial Places after such Deposition being left empty and prepared to recive new Idea's Now in this case if it happen at any time that an Idea negligently reposited is lost or forgotten when it should be deposited the recovery thereof must be endeavoured by these ensuing considerations First This is always assuredly known every lost Idea did bear the colour of his Repository either in whole or part therefore the first thing to be inquired is in what respect the colour of the Repository did agree with the Idea sought by this sole consideration forgotten Idea's are oft discovered The Idea being not discovered thus make diligent indagation for its relation to the Idea placed in the same Repository in regard of site subject or action Cap. 14. Rul 4. One Idea of a Repository being known doth easily call the other to mind by mutual dependence whereby they were connexed together unless there did precede very negligent Reposition If still you are disappointed happily you may find it out by repetition of such things as are especially remarkable in laying up Idea's of which I have spoken in the 13. Chapter That is by enquiring whether the latent Idea's was In respect of kind Direct Relative Fictitious Scriptile Compound Double treble c. In respect of subject Of God Of Christ Of the Holy Ghost Of Angels Of Men Of Animals In respect of quantity Equal Augmented Contracted In respect of site Under ground Upon ground Upon a Table Upon a Shelf Against a wall In respect of attribution Moving Quiet Giving a sound Yeilding a smel An Idea is oft recovered by discussing these few questions in a mans thoughts If it be certain the forgot Idea was Scriptile but the inscription is in oblivion the first inquiry must be whether it were a single word proof phrase or sentence or one or more clauses a single word proof or principal word of a sentence may be regained by applying each Letter of the Alphabet in the same manner as is prescribed in the second Rule of Poetical Revocation in the second Book Cap. 3. till you have obtained the first Letter the other Letters may be found by transcendencies and gilded Vowels the chief Word being obtained the rest come easily to mind