impious rather gracelesse follow that furious mad proceeding For the Church of Christ is a carefull diligent keeper of religion cōmitted to her charge she neuer chāgeth or altereth in it any thing she diminisheth nothing nothing she addeth What is necessarie she loseth not what is superfluous she forceth not her owne she maintaineth not her owne shee vsurpeth not but with all industrie laboureth only about this one thing that is by faithfull prudent handling of our forefathers doinges what by them in times past was well entered begone she polisheth what thē was well polished and declared she cōfirmeth what then was confirmed defined she retaineth To conclude what hath she els endeuoured by the decrees of Councells but that that doctrine which before was simplie credited the same afterward should be more diligently beleeued that religion which before was taughtmore slowly the same afterward shold be preached more instantly That faith which before was more securely reuerenced the same afterward should more carefully be practised This I say alwaies nothing els hath the Church prouoked with the nouelties of Heretickes set downe by the decrees of her Councells to weet onely to confirme that to posteritie by writing comprehēding a great summe of things in few wordes and often times for more easie vnderstāding to an olde article of faith geuing a new name which before by tradition she had receaued of her forefathers CHAP. XIIII BVT to returne to the Apostle O Timothie quoth he keepe tho depositum auoyding prophane nouelties of voices Auoyde quoth he as a viper as a scorpian as a basiliske least they infecte thee not only by towching but also with their very eies breath what is ment by Auoide that is not so much as to eate with any such what 1. Cor 5 importeth this Auoide yf any man quoth he come vnto you and bring not this doctrine what doctrine but the Catholicke and vniuersall and that which with sounde traditiō of the truth hath cōtinued one the selfe same through all successions of times and that which shall continue to the worldes ende What thē Receaue him not quoth he into the house nor say God saue you for 2. Ioan. 7 he that saieth vnto him God saue you communicateth with his wicked workes Prophane nouelties of voices quoth he what is Prophane Those which haue no holines in them no iote of religion wholie vnknowne to the Church which is the temple of God Prophane nouelties of voices quoth he of voices that is nouelties of opinions nouelties of things nouelties of senses contrarie to our forefathers faith contrarye to antiquitie which if we admitte and receaue of necessitie the faith of our blessed auncestors either all or a greate parte of it must be ouerthrowne the faithfull people of all ages and times all holy Saintes all chast all continent all virgins all widowes all Clearkes all Deacons all Priestes so manie thousands of Cōfessors so many bands of Martirs so many famous and great cities and common wealthes so manie Ilandes Prouinces Kings countries kingdomes nations to cōclude almost the whole worlde incorporated by the Catholicke faith to Christ their heade must needs be saied so many hūdredes of yeeres to haue bene ignorant to haue erred to haue blasphemed to haue beleeued they know not what Auoide quoth he Prophane nouelties of voices to receiue which which to folow neuer was the custome of Catholickes but alwaies the propertie of heretickes And to say truth what heresie hath euer peeped forth but vnder the name of some certain man in some certaine place and at some certaine time Who euer set abroche any heresie who first deuided not him selfe frō the consent of the vniuersalitie and antiquitie of the Catholicke Church which to be true examples do plainly proue For who euer before that prophane Pelagius presumed so much of mans free will that he thought not the grace of God necessarie to euery perticuler good acte Who euer before his monstrous disciple Celestius denied all mankind to be tied bound with the sinne of Adams preuarication Who euer before sacriligious Arius durst teare in peeces the Vnitie of Trinitie Who euer before wicked Sabellius attempted to confound the Trinitie of Vnitie Who euer before cruell Nouatiā affirmed God to be so mercilesse that he had rather the death of a sinner then he should returne and liue Who euer before Simon Magus punished by Apostolicall censure from whome that olde sinke of filthines came by cōtinuall secrete succession vnto Priscillian that was the last durst euer affirme that God our Creator was the author of euell that is the authour of our wickednes impieties and horrible crimes because God as he saied so made mans nature that by a certaine proper motion and impulse of an inforced will it can do nothing else but sinne desire nothing else but to offend because being prouoked and inflamed with the furious rage of all vices it is with an insatiable desire caried away headlong into the pitt and sincke of all filthines Such examples are infinite which for beuitie sake I omitt by all which not-withstanding it appeareth plainly and cleerely that it is an vsuall and common thing in all Heresies to take great pleasure in prophane nouelties to loathe the decrees of our forefathers and so fall from the faith by opposing the false counterfeit name of knowledge and learning contrariwise this is proper to all Catholickes to keepe that faith which the holy fathers haue left committed to their charge to cōdēne prophane nouelties as the Apostle hath already said again doth say Yf any man shal preach otherwise thē that which is receaued to accurse him CHAP. XV. HERE haplie some man may demaunde whether heretickes also do vse the testimonie of holy scripture To which I say that they do and that verie earnestly for a man may behold thē ranging and coursing in euery parte of the Byble in Moyses in the kinges in the Psalmes in the Apostles in the Ghosples in the Prophets for whether they be amongst their owne bretheren or with strangers whether in priuate or in publique whether in talking or in writing whether in the house a feasting or abrode in walking they almost neuer alledge any thinge of there owne which they do not pretend to shadowe with the wordes of sacred scripture Read the pamphlets of Paulus Samosatenus of Priscilian Eunomius Iouinian the rest of such like pestilent Heretickes and you shall find through all their workes an huge hepe of examples almost no page omitted which is not colored and painted with the sayinges of the new and olde testament But the more closely they lurke vnder the shadow of Gods lawe the more carefullie are they to be feared the more narrowlie to be watched for they knowe full well that their stinking and vnsauorie drugges be not likelie almost to please any if simplie and nakedly they be set forth therfore they do temper them
harsh and course fitteth not thy taste then I truste that which is fine pleasant delicate will content thy humor Only I am to craue pardon that my rough rude English nothing aunswereth his smoothe and curious latin and therfore I could wish thee if skill serueth rather to cōmon and parle with the Author him selfe then to vse the helpe of his rude interpretor otherwise for such as be not of so deepe reading for whom especially I haue taken this paine I am to desire that they nothing dislike the soueraign medicine for the wodden box nor the exquisit and rare gemme for the course casket These be the reasons gentle Reader which especially moued me to the translating of this aunciēt and learned Father I beseech thee as thou tenderest the saluation of thine owne soule that thou wouldest voutsafe to reade him attentiuely in whom thou shalte see cleerelye as in a glasse the faith of our forefathers the religion of the primatiue Church and in him thou shalt finde by Gods word and authoritie of sacred scripture the madnes of all Heretickes crushed in peeces and that in a short methodicall and eloquēt treatise The holy Ghost which moued no doubt this auncient learned Father to the writing of this worke incline moue thy hart to the diligent reading and sincere folowing of the same A. P. VINCENTIVS LIRInensis for the Antiquitie and Vniuersalitie of the Catholicke faith against the prophane Nouelties of all Heresies THE holy scripture of GOD saying and warning vs in this sorte Aske thy Fathers and they shall tell thee thy elders Deut. 52 and they shall report vnto thee And againe Accommodate thy eares to the workes of wise men Likewise My sonne Prou. 22 Prou. 3. forget not these speeches but let thy hart keepe my wordes It seemeth vnto me a peregram and the least of Gods seruantes that it shall by his gratious helpe be a matter of no small profitte to set downe in writing what I haue of holy Fathers faithfully receaued being a thing very necessary for mine owne infirmitie hauing alwaies therby in readines how by daily reading therof I may helpe my weak memory Vnto which labour not only the profite to be reaped by the worke but also the very consideration of the time and opportunitie of the place moued and inuited me the time because reason it is that seing it consumeth and bereueth vs of all humane and earthly thinges that we should also take out of it something which may auaile vs to life euerlasting especially seing the terrible iudgement of God which we expect drawing neere vpon vs doth seriously inuite prouoke vs to increase our studies and exercises in religion and the fraudulent dealing of new Heretickes requireth much care and attētion The place because hauing forsaken the company and troubles of the world and chosen a solitarie Abbey in a litle towne for mine abiding where I may without any great distraction of mind put in practise that which is song in the Psalme Be vacant and see that I am God With which reasons also accordeth the purposed end and resolution Psa 45 of my whole state of life in that I haue by the helpe of Christ after long diuers stormes indured in the warres shrewded my selfe in the harbour of a religious life a secure port for all states of men where contemning the blastes of vanitie and pride I may pacifie god with the sacrifice of humilitie and so escape not only the shipwracke of this present life but also the fire of the next But now in the name of God will I set vpon that which I haue taken in hand that is to set downe in writing such thinges as our forefathers haue deliuered and committed to our charge vsing herein rather the fidelitie of a reporter then the presumption of an author meaning yet to keepe this rule in my writing not copiously to lay forth all but briefly to handle each necessary point neither that in fine and exacte wordes but in easie and cōmon speach in such sort that most things may seme rather touched then declared Let thē write delicately and penne curiously which trusting either vppon witte or moued with respect of dewty enterprise any such actiō but for me it is sufficient that for helping my memory or rather forgetfulnes I haue gathered togither this Commonitorie which notwithstanding by Gods grace I will daily endeuour by litle and little calling to mind such thinges as in times past I haue learned to correcte and make more perfect And this haue I thought good to forewarne that if haplye this worke of mine passing forth fall into the handes of Censurers they do not ouerhastely in it reprehend that which they vnderstand present promise to vndertake with future correction better to polish and amend CHAP. I. INQVIRING therefore often with great desire and attention of very many excellent holy learned men how and by what meanes I might assuredly and as it were by some generall and ordinary way discerne the true Catholicke faith from false and wicked Heresie To this question I had vsually this answere of thē all that whether I or any other desired to finde out the Note the ansvvere of many excellent holy and learned men fraud of Heretickes daily springing vp and to escape their snares willingly would continue safe and sound in religiō that he ought two maner of waies by Gods assistance to defend and preserue his faith that is first by the authoritie of the law of God secōdly by the tradition of the Catholicke Church Here some man perhaps may aske that seing the Canon of the scripture is perfect most aboundantly of it selfe sufficient for all thinges what need we ioine vnto it the autoritie of the church her vederstanding and interpretation The reason is this because the scripture being of it selfe so deepe and profound all men do not vnderstand it in one and the same sence but diuers men diuersly this man and that man this way that way expound and interpret the sayings therof so that to ones thinking so many men so many opinions almost may be gathered out of them for Nouatus expoundeth it one way Photinus another Sabellius after this sort Donatus after that Arius Eunomius Macedonius will haue this exposition Appolinaris and Priscillian will haue that Iouinian Pelagius Celestius gather this sence and to conclude Nestorius findeth out that and therfore very necessary it is for the auoiding of so greate windings and turnings of diuers errors that the line of expounding the Prophetes and Apostles be directed and drawen according to the rule of the ecclesiasticall Catholicke sence Againe in the Catholicke Church we haue greatly to consider that we hold that which hath bene beleeued euery where alwaies and of all men for that is truely and properly Catholicke as the very force and nature of the word doth declare which comprehendeth all thinges that be truely vniuersall and that shall we do
sobernes from new madnesse to auncient light from new darkenesse But in this diuine vertew which they shewed in the confession of their faith this thing is especially of vs to be noted that in that antiquitie of the church they tooke vpon them not the defence of any one part but of the wholle For it was not lawfull that such excelent famous men should maintaine and defend with so great might maine the erroneous suspitions and those contrary each to other of one or two men or should stand in contention for the temararious conspiracie of some small Prouince but they did those by folowing the Canons and decrees of the Catholicke and Apostolicke veritie of all the Preistes of holy Church rather to betray them selues then the vniuersall auncient faith For which fact of theirs they merited so great glorie that they are accounted not only Confessors but also iustly and worthely the Princes of all Confessors Great therfore surely diuine was the example of these blessed Confessors and of euery true Catholicke continually to be remembred who like the seuenfold Candlesticke shining with the seuenfold giftes of the holy Ghost deliuered vnto all posteritie a most notable example how afterward in each foolish and vaine error the boldnes of prophane noueltie was to be repressed with authoritie of sacred Antiquitie CHAP. III. NEITHER is this any new thing but alway vsuall in the Church of God that the more religious a man hath bene the more ready hath he allwayes resisted nouell inuentions examples wherof many might be brought but for breuity sake I will only make choyce of some one which shall be taken from the Apostolique sea by which al men may see most plainly with what force alwayes what zeale what indeuour the blessed succession of the blessed Apostles haue defended the integrity of that religion which they once receaued Therfore in times past Agrippinus of venerable memory Bishope of Carthage the first of all mortall men maintained this assertion against the deuine scripture against the of the vniuersall Church against the minde of all the preistes of his time against the custome and traditiō of his forefathers that rebaptization was to be admitted and put in practise Which presumptiō of his procured so great domage and hurte to the Church that not only it gaue all heriticks a paterne of sacrilege but also ministred occasion of errour to some Catholickes When therfore euery where al men exclaimed against the nouelty of the doctrine and all priestes in all places each one according to his zeale did repugne then Pope Steuē of blessed memory bishop of the Apostolique sea resisted in deed with the rest of his felow byshopes but yet more then the rest thinking it as I suppose reason so much to excell all other in deuotion towardes the faith as he was superiour to them in authoritie of place To conclude in his Epistle which then was sent to Afrike he decreed the same in these wordes That nothing was to bee innouated but that which came by tradition ought to be obserued For that holy and prudent man knew well that the nature of pietie could admitt nothing else but only to deliuer and teach our children that religion and that faith which we receaued and learned of our forefathers and that we ought to folow religion whither it doth lead vs and not to lead religion whither it please vs and that nothing is more proper to Christian modestie and grauitie then not to leaue vnto posteritie our owne inuentions but to preserue and keepe that which our Predecessors left vs. What therfore was thē the end of that wholle busines What else but common and vsuall to wecte antiquitie was retained noueltie abandoned But perhaps that new inuention lacked patrons and defenders To which I say on the contrary that it had such pregnant wittes such eloquent tonges such number of defendants such shew of truth such testimonies of scripture but glosed after a new and naughtie fashion that all that conspiracie and schisme shoulde haue semed vnto me inuincible had not the very profession of noueltie it selfe so taken in hand vnder that name defended with that title recōmended ouerthrowen the very ground of so great a schisme To conclude what force had the Councell or decree of Africke By Gods prouidence none but all things there agreed vpon were abolished disanulled abrogated as dreames as fables as superfluous And O strange change of the worlde the authours of that opinion are iudged and thought Catholickes the folowers accounted reputed Heretickes the masters discharged the schollers condemned the writers of those bookes shall be children of the kingdome of Heauen the maintainers of those books shall burne in Hell For who donbteth but holy S. Ciprian that light of all Saintes that lanterne of Bishops and spectacle of Martirs with the rest of his companions shall raigne with Christ for-euer And contrariwise who is so wicked to deny that the Donatists and such other pestilent Heretickes which by the authority of that Coūcell vaunt that they do practise rebaptization shall burne for euer with the Deuill his Angells Which iudgemēt in mine opinion seemeth to haue come frō God for their fraudulent dealing especially which endeuoring vnder the cloake of an other mans name coningly to frame an heresie commonly laye holde of some darke sayings of one auncient Father or other which by reason of the obscuritie may seeme to make for theire opinion to th end they may be thought that whatsoeuer I know not what they bring forth to the worlde neither to haue bene the first that so taught neither alone of that opinion whose wicked deuice in mine opinion is worthie of dubble hatred both for that they feare not to sow their poisoned seed of heresie amongest others and also because they blemishe the memorie of some holy man as it were with prophane handes cast his dead ashes into the wind bringing infamously that to light which rather with silence were to be buried folowing therin the steps of their father Chā who not only neglected to couer the nakednes of venerable Noë but also shewed it to others to laugh at by which fact of his he incurred so great a crime of impietie that Gen. 9 his posteritie was subiect to the malediction of his sinne his blessed brethrē doing farr otherwise who neither with their owne eies would violate the nakednesse of their reuerend father nor yet permit it to remaine vncouered for other to behold but going backward as the holy text saith they couerd him which is as much to say that they neither approued with harte nor blased with tong the holy mans fault and therfore they their posterity were rewarded with their fathers blessing But to returne to our purpose CHAP. IIII. VVE haue therfore much to feare the sacrilege of a changed faith of a violated religion from which fault not only the discipline of the ecclesiasticall decree doth restraine vs but the authoritie also of the
of such a one perceaue to be brought in of some one man beside or contrarie to the olde Saintes and Doctors lett him know that not to pertaine to religion but rather to tentation for his proofe and triall especially being instructed with the saving of the Apostle Sainte Paule for this is that which he writeth in his first epistle to the Corinthians There must quoth he be heresies also that they which are approued may be made manifest amōgest you As thogh he should say This is the cause why the authors of heresies are not straight rooted out by God that the prooued may bee made manifest that is euery one may appeare how stedfastly faithfully and constantly he loueth the Catholicke faith And certaine it is that straight vpon the springing vp of any Noueltie the waightie corne is discerned from the light chaffe then is that easelie shaken out of the floare which before lightly remained in the floare for some by and by leape away others only shaken are afraid to perish and ashamed to returne remaining wounded halfe dead half aliue like vnto those which haue druncke so much poison as neither killeth nor digesteth neither bringeth death nor yet permitteth to liue Alas the miserable state of such persons with what seas of cares with what stormes are they tossed for some time as the winde driueth them they are caried away headlong into error an other time coming again to thē selues they are shaken beatē like contrary waues striuing togither somtime with rash presumption they allow such thinges as seeme vncertaine an other time of pusillanimitie they feare those thinges which are certaine doubtfull which way to take which way to returne what to desire what to auoide what to holde what to let go which miserie affliction of a wauering harte and not setled were they wise is the salue of Gods mercie towardes them For this is the reason why being out of the safe porte of the Catholike faith they are shaken tossed and almost killed with stormes and troubles to the end they should strike downe the sailes of their proud mind which they nough tely hoised vp to the windes of nouelties so retire keepe thēselues with in the most sure port of their calme and good mother first cast vp those bitter turbulēt waters of errors that afterward they may drinke of the flowing riuers of liuelie runing water Let them learne to forget well which well they haue not learned and those articles which the Church teacheth and by reason are to be attained to let thē in Gods name comprehend and those which surpasse reason let them by faith beleeue CHAP. XII VVHICH being so oftē times calling to minde and remembring the selfe same thing I cannot sufficiently maruell at the great madnes of some men at so great impietie of a blinded harte to conclude at so greate a licentious desire to error that they be not content with the rule of faith once deliuered vs and receiued from our auncestors but do euery day search and seeke for new doctrine euer desirous to add to change and to take a way som thing from religiō as though that were not the doctrine of God which was once sufficiently reuealed but rather mans institutiō which cannot but by continuall correction or rather corruption come to perfection Whereas the diuine scriptures crye out Do not translate the boundes which thy fathers haue set downe and Do not iudge ouer thy iudge And the Serpent will bite him that cutteth the hedge And that saying of the appostles by which all wicked nouelties of all heritickes haue often bene cut in peces as it were with a spiritual sworde and alwaies hereafter are O Timothie keepe the depositum auoiding the prophane nouelties of voices and oppositions of falsly called knowledge which certaine promisinge haue erred about the faith And yet for all this some there be so shameles so impudent so obstinate which will not yelde to such force of diuine scripture which be not moued with such waight of reason nor yet shaken with such heauenly hāmers to conclude which be not beaten in peeces with such celestiall lightning Auoide quoth he the prophane nouelties of voices He saieth not auoide antiquities he saieth not auoid auncientnes nay rather sheweth what contrariwise should folow For if nouelty is to be auoided antiquitie is to be retained if nouelty be prophane antiquitie is sacred oppositiōs quoth he of falsly called knowledge Verily the name of knowledge in the schooles of Hereticks is false where ignorance is called knowledge mist reputed cleerenes darknes termed by the name of light Which certaine quoth he promising haue erred about the faith What promised they when they erred about the faith What else but I know not what new and vnknowen doctrine For you may heare some of them say O ye vnwise and seelie soules which commonly are called Catholickes come and learne the true faith which no creature vnderstādeth besides vs which hath bene hidden many hundred of yeeres past but of late hath bene reuealed and laid open but learne it priuily learne it secretly for it will delight you And againe when you haue learned it teach it secretly that the world may not vnderstand it that the Church may not know it for it is graunted to fewe to vnderstand the secret of so great a misterie Are not these thincke you the wordes of that harlot which in the Prouerbes of Salomon calleth vnto her the passengers Who is quoth she most Prou. 9 foole amōgest you let him turne vnto me And such as be of small iudgement she exhorteth saying Touch willingly secrete bread and drinke sweet water priuily What foloweth But he knoweth not quoth he how in her company earthly men do perish who be these earthly men Let the Apostle declare Those quoth he which haue erred about the faith But it is worth the labour more diligently to examine the Apostle his whole Chapter O Timothie quoth he keepe the depositū auoiding prophane nouelties of voices This exclamation O both sheweth foresight and also argueth charitie for he foresawe certaine errors which before hand he was sory for who at this day hath the place of Timothie but either the whole Church or especially the wholle body of Prelates who ought them selues to haue the wholle knowledge of diuine religion and also to instruct others what is ment by keepe the depositum Keepe it quoth hee for feare of theeues for daunger of enemies least when men be a sleepe they ouer-sow cockell amongest the wheat which the sonne of man hath sowed in his feild Keepe quoth he the depositum What is mēt by this depositum that is that which is An excelent exposition of S. Paules wordes committed to thee not that which is inuented of thee that which thou hast receaued not that which thou hast deuised a thing not of witt but of learning not of priuate vsurpation but of publicke tradition a thing brought to thee
them selues How shall they in the holy scriptures discerne truth frō falsehoode To which I answere that they must haue great care as in the beginning of this Treatise I said holy and learned men taught me that they interpret the diuine and canonicall scripture according to tradition of the vniuersall Church according to the rules of the Catholike doctrine in which like wise they must of necessitie folow vniniuersalitie antiquitie and consent of the Catholicke Apostolike Church And therefore if at anye time a parte rebell against the wholle noueltie against antiquitie the dissention of one or a few caried away with error against the consent of all or the farre greater parte of Catholickes In that case let them preferre the integritie of vniuersalitie before the corruption of a parte And in vniuersalitie let them also preferr the religion of antiquitie before prophane noueltie and againe in antiquitie let them preferre before the temeritie of one or a few the decrees of a generall Councell if any be or if no such be founde let them take that which is next hand that is to followe the opinions of many and great learned Doctors agreeing togither which faithfully soberly diligentlye obserued and kept By Gods grace we shall without any great difficultie finde out the errors of new vpstarte Heretickes CHAP. XIIII HERE I perceaue by order it foloweth to shew by exāples how the prophane nouelties of heretickes are by bringing forth and conferring togither the olde Doctors opinions agreeing togither to be found out and condemned which auncient consent of holy fathers is not so carefullie and diligently to be sought for folowed in euery small question of the scripture but only and especially in the rule of faith neither yet alwaies nor all heresies are after this sorte to be impugned but only such as be new and vpstart to wit at their first springing vp before they haue lette with lacke of time falsified the rules of the auncient faith before the poison spreding far a broad goeth about to corrupte the Fathers workes But those heresies which haue alreadie gott ground and be of some contiunance are not this way to be delt with all because by long tracte of time they haue had oportunity to steal truth And therfore such kinde of prophane schismes and heresies which be of longer standing we must not otherwise conuince but either only if need be by the authoritie of the scriptures or else to auoide and detest them being already conuicted and condemned in olde time by generall Councels of Catholicke Preistes Therfore so soon as any infectious error begineth to break forth and for her defence to steale certain words of holy scripture craftely fradulently to expound thē straight waies for the right vnderstanding therof the Fathers opinions are to be gathered togither by which let any whatsoeuer new and therfore prophane doctrine growing vp with out all delay be deiected and speedely condemned But those Fathers opinions only are to be conferred togither which with holines wisdome and constancie liued taught and continued in the faith and communion of the Catholicke Church and finally deserued to die in Christ or happily for Christ to be martired whō notwithstāding we are to beleeue with this condition that whatsoeuer either all or the greater parte with one mind plainly commonlye constantly as it were a Councell of Doctors agreeing togither haue decreed and set downe receauing it from their auncestors holding it for their time and deliuering it to their posteritie let that be had and accounted for vndoubted for certaine and firme truth And whatsoeuer any although holy and learned although a Bishop although a Confessour and Martir hath holden otherwise then all or against all let that be put aside from the authoritie of the common publicke and generall faith reputed amongst his owne proper priuate and secrete opinions least with greate daunger of eternall saluation we do according to the custome of sacriligious Heretickes and Schismatickes forsake the trueth of the vniuersall faith and follow the nouell error of one man the holy and and Catholicke mind of which blessed Fathers least any man thinke that he may rashly cōtemne The Apostle saieth 1. Cor. 12. in his first epistle to the Corinthians And some verely hath God set in his Church first Apostles of which him self was one Secondly Prophetes as Agabas was of whom we read in the Actes Thirdly Doctors which now are called Cap. 11. Tractators whō also this Apostle some time nameth Prophetes because their office was to expound declare to the people the misteries of the Prophetes these therfore disposed and placed by God at diuers times and sundry places agreeing consenting all in one mind in Christ touching the vnderstanding of the Catholicke faith whosoeuer cōtemneth doth not contemne man but God and that we disagree not by any meanes from the perfect and true vnitie of those Fathers the same Apostle doth earnestly beseech all Christians saying I beseech you brethren that you say all one thing and that there bee no schismes among you but that you be perfecte 1. Cor. 1 in one sence and in one knowledge And if any man separate him selfe from the communion of theire opinion let him heare that saying of the same Apostle He is not the God of dissention but 1. Cor. 14 of peace that is not of him that leaueth consent and vnitie but of them that remaine in peace and agreement As I do quoth he teach in all the Churches of the Saintes that is of Catholickes which therfore be holy because they continue in the cōmunion of the faith and least happily any one should contemne others and proudly require only to be heard only to be beleeued strait after he saieth What hath the word of God quoth he proceeded from you or haue it only come to you And least this might be taken as spoken slightlye he addeth If any quoth he seemeh a Prophet or spirituall that is a master in spirituall matters let him be a zealous louer of vnitie and peace in such wise that he neither preferre his owne opinion before the iudgement of others neither leaue or forsake the sence and common consent of all men The commaundementes of which thinges he that is quoth he ignorant of that is he that learneth not those thinges which he yet knoweth not or contemneth those which he knoweth he shal not be knowē that is he shall be thought vnworthie whom amongest such as be vnited in faith equall in humilitie God should regard and looke vpon a greater euill then which I doubt whether any man can inuēt or deuise which yet notwithstanding accordinge to the Apostles commination wee see to haue fallen vpon Iultan the Pelagian who either contēned to be ioined in opinion with his felowes or else presumed to separate him selfe from theire societie and communion But now it is time to bring forth the example which we promised how and after what sort
the iudgement and opinions of holy Fathers were gathered togither that according to thē by the decree and authority of a Councell the rule of faith might be set down which to the end that I may more commodiously do I will here make an end of this commonitorie and so take a nother beginning for declaring of those thinges which do folow and ensew A RECAPITVLATION of all that hath bene said in the former two bookes WHICH being so it is now time that in the ende of this second booke we recapitulate touch in few wordes the Summe of all that which in these two commonitorie bookes hath bene spoken We saied in the premisses that this alwaies hath bene and at this day is the custome of Catholickes to try and examine true faith two manner of waies First by the authoritie of the deuine scripture secondly by the tradition of the Catholicke Church not because the Canonicall scripture is not of it selfe sufficient for all thinges but because verie many expounding Gods word at there owne pleasure doe thereby bring forth and hatch vp diuers opiniōs errors And for that cause it is necessarie that the interpretatiō of the diuine scripture be directed according to the one onely rule of the Churches vnderstāding especially in those questiōs vpon which the foundatiō of the whole Catholicke religion doth depēd Likewise we said that in the Church we had to consider the consent both of vniuersalitie and antiquitie so that we be neither caried a way from sound vnitie to schisme nor yet cast headlong frō antiquitie of religion into the daungerous gulfe of hereticall nouelties We said also that in antiquity we had diligently to obserue and seriously to consider two thinges vnto which all those that will not bee heretickes must of necessitie stand The first is that which hath in oulde time bene determined by all the bishopes of the Catholicke Church by authority of a generall Councell The second is that if any new question did arise in which the determination of a Councell were not to be found that then we ought to haue recourse to the sayings of the holy fathers but yet of these only who in theire time and place were probable maisters being such as liued and died in the vnitie of the communion and faith And whatsoeuer we knew that they beleeued taught with one mind and consente to iudge and take that without all scruple to be the true and Catholicke Religion of the Church And least any man might think that we saied this rather of presumption thē of any authoritie of the Church we gaue an example of the holy Councell holden almost three yeeres sithence at Ephesus a Citie in Asia in the time of the right honorable Councels Bassus Antiochus in which disputation was had of constituting and setting downe rules of faith and least there might by chance some prophane Noueltie creep in as happened at that persidious meeting in Ariminum this was reputed and thought the most Catholicke holy best course to be taken by the iudgement of all the Bishops there present which were almost two hundred in number that the opinions of these Fathers should be brought forth of whō it was certaine that some of them had bene Martirs diuerse Confessors and all to haue liued and died Catholicke Preists that by their authoritie consent and verdict the old religion might be rightlie and solemnely confirmed and blasphemous prophane nouelties condemned which being so done worthely and iustlie Nestorius was iudged to haue taught contrary to the old Catholicke religiō and blessed Cirill to haue maintained holy and sacred antiquitie And to the end nothing might be wanting which procureth credite we put downe also the names and number of these Fathers although not remēbring their order according to whose consent and vniforme doctrine both the textes of holy scripture were expounded and the rule of Gods word established Neither will it here be superfluous for memory sake to repeate them all once againe These then bee the names of them whose workes were cited in that Councell either as iudges or else as witnesses S. Peter Bishop of Alexandria a most excellent Doctor and blessed Martir S. Athanasius Bishope of the same sea a most faithfull teacher and famous Confessor S. Theophilus Bishope also of the same Citie a notable man for faith life and learning next after whom succeded venerable Cirill who at this present doth honour the Church of Alexandria And that no man happelie should suspecte that this was the doctrine of one Citie or of one Prouince to the former there were adioined those two lightes of Caperdocia Saint Gregory Bishoppe and Confessor of Nazianzene Saint Basill Bishope and Confessor of Cesurea also another Saint Gregory Nissen worthy for his merite of faith conuersation integritie and wisdome of such a brother as Basill was And for proofe that not onely the greeke and Easte Church but also the Latin and Weast were alwaies of the same opinion the letters of Saint Felix Martir and Saint Iulie both Bishops of Rome which they wrote vnto certaine men were there read And that not onely the head of the world but also the other partes should giue testimonie in that iudgement From the South they had blessed S. Ciprian from the North S. Ambrose Bishop of Millan These then be the holy Fathers agreeing with that sacred number of the tenne Commaundements which were alleadged in the Councell of Ephesus as Masters Councellors Witnesses and Iudges whose doctrine the blessed Synod holding following whose counsaile beleeuinge whose testimonie obeyinge whose iudgement without spite without presumption and without fauour pronounced gaue sentence concerning the rules of faith And albeit a farre greater number of Fathers might haue bene set downe yet was it not necessarie because it was not requisite that time should be spent with multitude of witnesses and further no man doubted but that those tenne did litle differ in opinion from all the rest of their fellow Bishopes After all this we sett downe the worthie sentence of Cirill which is to be found in the Ecclesiasticall actes of that Councell For when the epistle of S. Capreolus Bishop of Carthage was reade who intended nothing else nothing else desired but that noueltie might be ouer throwen antiquitie defended Bishope Cirill spake and gaue his definition in this sort for I haue thought good not to omitt it here these then be his wordes in the end of the actes of that Coūcell And this epistle quoth he of the venerable and religious man Capreolus Bishope of Carthage shall be adioyned to the faith of the Councels actes whose opinion is plaine and perspicuous for he desireth that the dostrine of the olde faith may be confirmed and new opinions superfluously inuented impiously spread a brode may be reproued and condemned To which all the Bishopes with one cōsent cried out This we spake all this we teach all this we desire all what I beseech you saied they all
It were too long to rehearse vp all his workes for which he might haue bene compared to the cheefe pillors of Gods Church had not the prophane licentiousnesse of hereticall curiositie by inuenting I know not what new opinion spotted and discredited all his former labours whereby his doctrine was accounted not so much an edification as an ecclesiasticall tentation CHAP. VII HEREsome man perhaps requireth to know what heresies these men aboue named taught that is Nestorius Appollinaris Photinus This pertaineth not to the matter whereof we now intreat for it is not out purpose to dispute against each mans particuler error but only by a few exāples plainly and clerely to proue that to be most true which Moyses saith that if at any time any ecclesiasticall master yea a Prophet for interpreting the misteries of the prophetical visions goeth about to bring in any new opinion into the Church that the prouidence of god doth permitt it for our proofe triall But because it will be profitable I will by a litle disgression breefely set downe what the forenamed heretickes Photinus Appollinaris Nestorius taught This then is the heresie of Photinus he affirmeth that God is as the Iewes beleeue singuler and solitary denyning the fulnesse of the Trinitie not beleuing that there is any person of the word of God or of the holy ghost he affirmeth also that Christ was onlye man who had his begining of the virgin MARY teaching verie earnestly that we ought to worshipe only the person of god the father to honor Christ only for man This then was Photinus opinion now Appollinaris vaunteth much as though he beleeued the vnitie of Trinitie with full sound faith but yet blasphemeth he manifestly against our Lordes incarnation For he saith that our Sauiour either had not mans soule at all or at least such a one as was neither indued with mind or reason furthermore he affirmeth that Christs body was not takē of the flesh of the holy virgin MARY but descended from heauen into the wōbe of the Virgin holding yet doutfully and inconstantly some time that it was coeternall to the word of God some time that it was made of the diuinitie of the word for he would not admit two maner of substances in Christ the one diuine the other humane the one of his Father the other of his Mother but did thinke that the verie nature of the word was deuided into two partes as though the one remained in God and the other was turned into flesh that whereas the truth saith that Christ is one consisting of two substances he contrary to the truth affirmeth of the one diuinitie of Christ to be two substances and these be the assertions of Apollinaris But Nestorius sicke of a contrarie disease whilest he faineth a distinction of two substances in Christ sodenly bringeth in two persons and with monstrous wickednes will needs haue two sonnes of God two Christes one that was God and another that was man one begotten of the Father another begotten of his Mother And therfore he saieth that the holy Virgin MARY is not to be called the mother of God but the mother of Christ because that Christ which was borne of her was not God but man And if any man thinke that in his bookes he saith there was one Christ and that he preached one person of Christ I must needs confesse that he lacketh not ground to say so for that he did either of craftie pollicie the rather to deceaue that by some good thinges he might the more easely perswade nought as the Apostle saith By the good thing he hath wrought Rom. 7 me death Wherfore either craftely as I said in certaine places of his writings he vaunteth to beleeue one person in Christ or else surely he did hold that after our Ladies deliuerie two persons became in such sort sort one Christ that yet in the time of our Ladies cōception or deliuerie for some time after there were two Christes and that Christ was borne first like vnto another man and only was man and not yet ioined in vnitie with the person of God the word and that afterwarde the person of the word descended downe assuming and ioininge him selfe to that man in vnitie of person although he now remaine in glorie assūpted for some time yet there seemeth to haue bene no difference betwixte him and other men Thus then Nestorius Apollinaris Photinus like mad dogges barked against the Catholicke Church Photinus not cōfessing the Trinity Apollinaris main taining the nature of the Word conuertible not confessing two substances in Christ denying also either the whol soule of Christ or at least that it was indued with mind and reason beleeuing for his pleasure what he liked of the second person in Trinitie Nestorius by defending either alwaies or for some time two Christes But the Catholicke Church beleeuing aright both of God and of our Sauiour neither blasphemeth against the misterie of the Trinitie nor against the incarnatiō of Christ for it worshipeth one Diuinitie in Trinitie and reuerenceth the equalitie of the Trinitie in one and the same maiestie cōfessing one Christ not two and the selfe same both God and man beleeuing in him one person yet acknowledging two substances but yet beleeuing one person two substances because the word of God is not mutable that it can be turned into flesh one person least professing two sonnes it may seeme to worship a quaternitie not to adore the Trinitie CHAP. VIII BVT it is worth the labor to declare this matter more plainely more substantially more distintly In God is one substance and three persons in Christ be two substances but one persone In the Trinitie there is an other and an other but not another and an other thing In our Sauiour is not an other another but an other other thing How is there in the Trinitie an other and an other but not another an other thing Marry because there is an other person of the father an other of the sonne and an other of the holy ghost But yet not an other another nature but one the selfe same How is there in our Sauiour another and another thinge not another and another because there is another substance of the diuinitie and another substance of the humanitie but yet the deitie the humanitie is not another and another but one and the selfe same Christ one and the selfe same sonne of God and one and the selfe same person of the selfe same Christ and sonne of God As in a man the body is one thing and the soule is another thing but yet the body and the soule are but one and the selfe same man In Peter Paule the soule is one thing the body is another thing yet the body the soule are not two Peters nor the soule is not one Paul and the body an other Paul but one the selfe same Peter one and the selfe
he was passing olde But yet perchaunce vnfortunate in his schollers What man euer more happie hauing trained vp and bene master to infinite Doctors to Preistes without number to Confessors and Martirs Now who is able to prosecute with wordes in what admiration he was with all men in what glory in what credite grace Who more zealous in religion repaired not to him from the furthest partes of the world What Christian did not almost worship him as a Prophet what Philosopher did not honour him as a master and how greatly he was reuerenced not only of priuate men but also of the Empire it selfe histories doe speake which reporte that he was sent for of Alexander the Emperors mother to weet for his merit of heauenly wisdome with the grace and loue wherof he was inflamed His epistles also testifie the same thing which with authoritie of a Christian master he wrote vnto Phillip the Emperor the first Christian amongest all the Romane Princes And if any man vpon our report admitteth not the testimonie of a Christian touching his wonderfull knowledge and learning at least let him receaue the confession of an heathen Philosopher For that impious Porphirie saith that him selfe being but yet as it were a boy moued with his fame trauailed vnto Alexandria where he did see him being then olde but yet such a one so learned as he that had attained to the perfection of all knowledge Day would sooner faile me then I coulde touch though breiflye those notable gifts which were in that man all which notwithstanding pertained not only to the glorie of religion but also to the greatnes of the temptation For who is he that would willingly haue forsaken a man of such wit of so deepe learning of so rare grace and would not sooner haue vsed that saying that he had rather erre with Origen then beleeue aright with others And what should I say more the matter came to that issue that as the end shewed not an vsuall commō but a passing dangerous tentation of so worthie a man so famous a Doctor so notable a Prophet caried very many from the true and sound faith of the Church For this Origen so rare and singuler a man abusing the grace of God to insolently flattering him selfe to much in his own witte beleeuing him selfe more then reason would litle esteeming the olde simplicitie of Christian religion presuming to be wiser then all other contemning the traditions of the Church and the olde Fathers documents waded so far in expounding cartaine chapters of the scripture after a new fashiō vntill he deserued that the Church of God should also say of him Yf there arise vp in the middest of thee a Prophet a litle after thou shalt not heare quoth he the wordes of that Prophet And againe because quoth he your Lorde God doth tempt you whether you loue him or no. And surely it is not only a tentation but also a great tentation when a man carieth away secretly and by litle and litle the Church depending vpon him admiring his witt knowledge eloquence conuersation grace nothing suspecting him nothing fearing him sodenly from the olde religion to a prophane new doctrine But some will say that Origens bookes be corrupted I will not gaine say it but rather it were so for that hath both bene said written of some not only Catholickes but also Hereticks But this is now the point we haue to cōsider that althogh not he yet the bookes passing abrode vnder his name are a greate tentation which stuffed with many horrible blasphemies are read and vsed loued and liked not as the bookes of others but as his owne workes so that although Origen gaue no cause of erroneous doctrine yet his authoritie hath bene the occasion why the error hath bene liked and folowed The case also of Tertullian is the very same with the former for as Origen is to be thought the best amongest the Greeke Doctors so Tertullian without controuersie the cheefe of all the latin For who was more learned then hee Who in Diuinitie or Humanitie more practised for by his great and wonderfull capacitie of witt he attained to imbraced all Philosophie all the sectes of Philosophers all their authors and patrons all their learning all sortes of histories and studies And for his witt was he not so excellent so graue so sharpe that he almost vndertooke the ouerthrow of nothing which either by quicknes of witt or waight of reason he crushed not in peeces Now who is able to set downe the commendacion and praise which his stile and phrase of speach deserued which was so fraught I know not how with that force of reason that such as could not be perswaded were cōpelled whose almost so many wordes so many sentences so many sences so many victories This is well knowne to Marcion and Appelles well knowne to Praxeas and Hermogenes the Iewes vnderstād this the Gentiles haue tried it the Gnostikcs haue proued it and diuers others haue felt it whose blasphemouse opinions he hath ouerthrowne with his many great volumes as it had bene with thūder and lightning And yet this man after all this this Tertullian I say not holding the Catholicke religion that is the vniuersall and olde faith being far more eloquent then fortunate chāging afterwarde his minde did at last that which the blessed Confessor Hillarie in a certaine place writeth of him He discredited quoth he with his latter error his probable writings and therfore he was also a greate tentation in the Church But hereof I will saye no more only this I add that by his defending against the precept of Moises for true prophecies the new madnesse of Mōtanus springing vp in the church and these mad dreames of a new doctrine of the franticke woman he deserued that we should also say of him and his writinges Yf a Prophete shall rise vp in the midest of thee and straight after thou shalt not heare the wordes of that Prophet Why so Because qnoth he your Lord God doth tempt you whether you loue him or no. We ought therfore euidently to note by these so many so great diuers others such waightie examples and by the law of Deuteronomie most cleerely to vnderstand that if at any time any ecclesiasticall teacher straieth frō the faith that gods prouidence doth suffer that for our triall whether we loue him or no in our wholle hart and in our wholle soule CHAP. XI VVHICH being so he is a true and perfect sincere Catholicke that loueth Gods truth that loueth his body the Church that preferreth nothing beefore the religion of God nothinge before the Catholicke faith not any mans authority not loue not will not eloquēce not philosophie but contemning all these things setled in faith stable permanēt whatsoeuer he knoweth the Catholicke Church vniuersally in old time to haue holden purposeth with him selfe only to hold and beleeue and therfore whatsoeuer new doctrine and not before heard
as it were with the sweete powder of Gods worde that he which quicklie would haue cōtemned mans erronious inuention dare not so readilie reiecte Gods diuine scripture wherin they are like to those which minding to minister bitter potions to yonge childrē do first annoint the brimmes of the cuppe with honie that ther by vnwarie youth feeling the swetnes may nothing feare the bitter confection This deuise also practise they which vpon noughtie herbes and hurtfull ioyces writte the names of good wholsome medicines wherby almost no man reading the good superscription anything suspecteth the lurking poysō The selfe same thing likewise our Sauiour crieth out to all Christiās Take ye heed of false prophets Mat. 7 which come to you in sheepes cloathing but inwardly are rauening wolues What is ment else by sheepes clothing but the sayings of the Prophetes and Apostles which they with sheepelike sinceritie did weare like certain fleeces for that immaculate Lambe which taketh away the sinnes of the world And what is to be vnderstood by rauening wolues but the cruell dogged opinions of hereticks which alwaies trouble the sheepfoldes of the Church and by all meanes possible teare in peeces the flocke of Christ But to th end they may more craftely set vpon the sheepe of Christ mistrusting nothing remaining still cruell beastes they putt of their woluish weed and shroude them selues with the wordes of scripture as it were with certaine fleeces whereby it hapneth that when the feelie sheepe feele the soft woll they litle feare their sharpe teeth But what saieth our Sauiour By their fruites you shall knowe them That is when then beginne not only to vtter those wordes but also to expound them not only to cast them forth but also to interpret them then doth that bitternes breake forth then is that sharpenes espied then is that madnes perceaued then is that fresh and new poison belched out then are prophane nouelties sett abroch then may you see straight way the hedge cut in two the olde fathers bounds remoued the Cotholicke doctrine shaken and the Churches faith torne in peeces Such were they whome the Apostle sharplie reprehendeth in the 2. epistle to the Corinthians For such false Apostles quoth he are crafty workers 2. Cor. 11 transfiguring them selues into the Apostles of Christ What is transfiguring them selues into the Apostles of Christ But this The Apostles alleadged the examples of scripture they likewise cited them The Apostles cited the authoritie of the Psalmes and they likewise vsed it The Apostles vsed the sayinges of the Prophetes and they in like maner brought them forth But whē that scripture which was alike alleadged alike cited alike brought forth was not alike and in one sence expounded then were discerned the simple from the craftie the sincere frō the counterfeit the right good from the froward and peruerse and to conclude true Apostles from those false Apostataes And no maruell quoth Saint PAVL For Sathan him selfe transfigureth him selfe into an Angell of light it is no great matter therfore if his ministers be transfigured as the ministers of Iustice Wherfore according to Saint PAVL whensoeuer either false Apostles or false Prophets or false Doctors do bring forth the words of holy scripture by which they would according to their noughtie interpretation confirme their error there is no doubt but that they folow the craftie sleight of their maister which surely he would neuer haue inuented but that he knoweth verie well that there is no readier way to deceaue the people then where the bringing in of wicked error is intended that there the authoritie of the word of God should be pretēded But some will say how proue you that the Deuill vseth to alledge scripture Such as doubt therof let them read the Gospell where it is written Then the Deuill tooke him vp that is our Lord and Sauiour and set him vpon the pinnacle of the Temple and said vnto him if thou be the sonne of God cast thy selfe downe for it is written that he will geue his Angels Mat. 4 charge of thee that they may keepe theee in all thy waies in their hands shall they hold the vp least perhaps thou knock thy foote against a stone How will he thinke you handle seely poore soules which so setteth vpon the Lord of maiestie with the authoritie of scripture If thou be quoth he the sonne of god cast thy selfe downe Why so For it is writtē quoth he we haue diligētly to waigh the doctrine of this place to keepe it in mind that by so notable an example of the scripture we make no scruple or doubt when we see any alleadge some place of the Apostles or Prophetes against the Catholike faith but that by his mouth the deuil himself doth speak For as at that time the head spake vnto the head so now the mēbers do talke vnto the members that is the mēbers of the Deuill to the members of Christ the faithlesse to the faithfull the irreligious to the religious to conclude Heretickes to Catholickes But what I pray saieth the Deuill If thou be the sonne of God quoth he cast thy selfe downe That is to say Desirest thou to be the sonne of God and to enioy the inheritance of the Kingdome of Heauen Cast thy selfe downe that is Cast thy selfe downe from this doctrine tradition of this high and loftie Church which is reputed to be the Temple of God And if any one demaund of these hereticks perswading thē such things how do you proue and conuince me that I ought to forsake the olde and vniuersall faith of the Catholike Church Straight waies is ready at hand For it is written forthwith he will alledge you a thousand testimonies a thousand examples a thousand authorities out of the law out of the Psalmes out of the Apostles out of the Prophetes by which expounded after a new wicked fashion he would throw headlong the vnfortunate soules from the tower of the Catholike Church into the deep dungeon of wicked heresie Now with these sweete promises which followe Heretickes doe wonderfully deceaue simple men For they dare promise and teach that in their Church that is in the conuenticle of their communion is to be found a great and speciall yea a certaine personall grace of God So that whosoeuer be one of their crew they shall straight waies without any labour without any study without any industrie yea although they neuer seek nor craue nor knocke haue such speciall dispensation that they shall be caried vp with the handes of Angells that is preserued by Angelicall protection that they neuer hurt their foote against a stone that is that they neuer can be scandilized But some man wil say if the Deuill his disciples wherof some be false Apostles false Prophetes and false teachers and all perfecte Heretickes do vse the scriptures cite their sayings bring forth their promises what shall Catholicke men do How shall the children of the Church behaue