principall Verbe It there be â—o Verbs then one in a sentence the first is the principal Verbe except it be â—he Infinitiue moode or haue before it a Relatiue as That whom which or a Contraction as Vt that Cum when Si if or such others When ye haue found the Verb aske this question who or what and the word that answereth to the question shal be the nominatiue case to the Verbe except it be a verbe impersouall which will haue no nounnatiue case And the Nominatiue shal in making and construing Latine be set before the Verbe except a question be asked then the Nominatiue is set after the Verbe or after the signe of the Verbe as Amas tu Louest thou venit ne Rex doth the King come Likewise if the Verbe be of the Imperatiue mood as Ama tu Loue thou Amato ille Let him loue And sometime when this signe it or there commeth before the English of the Verbe as Est liber mens It is my booke Venit ad me quidam There came one to me And that casual word which commeth next after the Verbe and answereth to this question whom or what made by the Verbe shall commonly be the accusatiue case except the Verbe de properly gouerne an other case after him to be construed withall as Si cupis placere magistro vtere diligentia nec sis tanâ—us cessator vt calcaribus indigeas If then couet to please thy master vse diligence and be not so flacke that thou shait need spurres A verbe personall agreeth with his Nominatiue case in number and person as Praeceptor legit vos verò negligitis The master tradeth and ye regard not Where note that the first person is more worthy then the second the second more worthy then the threâ— Many nominatiue cases singular with a coniunction copulatiue comming between them will haue a verbe plurall which verbe plurall shall agree with the numinatiue case of the most worthy person as Ego tu sumus in tuto I and thou be in safeguard Tu pater periclitamini Thou and thy father are in ieopardy Pater praeceptor accersunt te Thy father and thy master haue sent for thee When a Verbe commeth betweene two Nominatiue cases of diuers numbers the Verbe may indifferently accord with either of them so that they be both of one person as Amantium irae amoris redintegratiâ— est The falling out of louers is the renewing of loue Quid enim nisi vota supersunt For what remaineth sauing onely prayers Pectora percussit pectus quoque tobora fiunt She stroke her breast and her breast turned into oake also Here note also that sometime the Infinitiue mood of a Verbe or els a whole clause afore going or else some member of a sentence may be the Nominatiue case to the Verbe as Diluculò surgere saluberrimum est To arise betime in the morning is the most wholsome thing in the world Multum scire vita iucundissima To know much is the most pleasant or sweetest life of all The second Concord WHen ye haue an Adiectiue aske this question who or what and the word that answereth to the question shall be the Substantiue to it The Adiectiue whether it be a Noune Pronoune or Participle agreeth with his Substantiue in case gender and number as Amicus certus in re incerta cernitur A sure friend is tried in a doubtfull matter Homo armatus A man armed Ager colendus A field to be tilled Hic vir This man Meus herus est It is my master Where note that the Masculine gender is more worthy then the Feminine and the Feminine more worthy then the Neuter Many Substantiues singular hauing a coniunction copulatiue comming betweene them will haue an Adiectiue plurall which Adiectiue shall agree with the Substantiue of the more worthy gender as Rex Regina beati The King and the Queene are blessed The third Concord WHen yee haue a Relatiue aske this question who or what and the word that answereth to he question shall be the Antecedent to it The Antecedent most commonly is a word that goeth before the Relatiue and is rehearsed againe of the Relatiue The Relatiue agreeth with his Antecedent in Gender Number and Person as Vir sapit qui pauca loquitur That man is wise that speaketh fewe things or words Sometime a Relatiue hath for his Antecedent the whole reason that goeth before him and then he shall be put in the Neuter gender and Singular number as In tempore veni quod omnium rerum est primum I came in season which is the cheifest thing of all But if the Relatiue be referred to two clauses or more then the Relatiue shall be put in the plurall number as Tu multùm dormis saepè potas quae ambo sunt corpori in imica Thou sleepest much and drinkest often which both things are naught for the body When this English That may bee turned into this English which it is a Relatiue otherwise it is a coniunction which in Latine is called quod or vt and in making Latine it may elegantly bee put away by turning the Nominatiue case into the accusatiue and the Verbe into the Infinitiue mood as Gaudeo quòd 〈◊〉 benè vales Gaudeo te benè valere I am glad that thou art in good health Iubeo vt tu abeas Iubeo te abire I bid that thou goe hence Many Antecedents singular hauing a Coniunction Copulatiue betweene them will haue a Relatiue plurall which Relatiue shal agree with the Antecedent of the most worthy Gender as Imperium dignitas quae perijsti The Rule and dignitie which thou hast required But in things not apt to haue life the Neuter gender is most worthy yea and in such case though thâ— Substantiues or Antecedents be of the Masculiâ— or of the Feminine gender and none of them of thâ— Neuter yet may the Adiectiue or Relatiue be put in the Neuter gender as Arcus calamisunt bona The bow and arrowes be good Arcus calami quae fregisti The bow and arrowes which thou hast broken The Case of the Relatiue VVHen there commeth no Nominatiue case betweene the Relatiue and the Verbe the Relatiue shall be the Hominatiue case to the Verbe as Miser est qui nummos admiratur Wretched is that person which is in loue with money But when there commeth a Nominatiue case betweene the Relatiue and the Verb the Relatiue shal be such case as the Verbe will haue after him as Foelix quem faciunt alien a pericula cautum Happy is hee whom other mens harmes do make to beware As the Relatiue may be the Nominatiue case to the Verbe so it may be the Substantiue to the Adiectiue that is ioyned with him or that commeth after him as Diuitias amare noli quod omnium est sordid issimum Doe not thou loue riches which to doe is the most beggerly thing in the world Nounes Interrogatiues and Indefinites followe the
malefacio Finally certaine verbs compound with these Prepositions Prae ad con sub ante post ob in and inter will haue a Datiue case as Praeluceo adiaceo condono subolco antesto posthabeo obijcio insulto intersero This Verbe Sum es fui may oftentimes be set for Habeo and then the word that seemeth in the English to be the Nominatiue case shall be put in the Datiue and the word that seemeth to be the Accusatiue case shall be the Nominatiue as Est mihi mater I haue a mother Non est mihi argentum I haue no money But if Sum be the Infinitiue mood this Nominatiue shall be turned into the Accusatiue as Sciotibi non esso argentum I know thou hast no money Also when Sum hath after him a Nominatiue case and a Datiue the word that is the Nominatiue case may be put also in the Datiue so that Sum may in such manner speakings bée construed with a double datiue ease as Sum tibi praesidio I am to thee a safegard Haec res est mihi voluptati This thing is to me a pleasure And not onely Sum but also many other Verbes may in such manner speaking haue a double Datiue case one of the person and another of the â—hing as Do tibi vestem pignori Verto hoc tibi vitio Hoc tu tibi laudi ducis The Accusatiue case VErbes Transitiues are all such as haue after them an Accusatiue case of the doer or sufferer whether they be Actiue Commune or Deponent as â—sus promptos facit Foeminae ludificantur viros Largiâ—ur pecuniam Also Verbs neuters may haue an Accusatiue case â—f their owne signification as Endymionis somnum â—ormis Gaudeo gaudium Viuo vitam Verbs of asking teaching and araying will haue â—wo Accusatiue cases one of the sufferer and another â—f the thing as Rogo te pecuniam Docco te literas Quod te iamdudum hortor Exuo me gladium The Ablatiue case ALl Verbs require an Ablatiue case of the instrument put with this signe with before it or of the â—ause or of the manner of doing as Ferit eum gladio Tacco metu Summâ cloquentiâ causam egit The word of price is put after verbs in the Ablaâ—iue case as Vendidi auro Emptus sum argento Exâ—ept these Genitiues when they be put alone withâ—ut Substantiues Tanti quanti pluris minoris antidem quantiuis quantilibet quantitunque as quanti mercatus es hune equum Certè pluris quà m velâ—m Sauing that after verbs of price wee shall alâ—ayes vse these Aduerbs Cariùs viliùs meliùs and â—eâ—ùs in stead of their casuals Verbs of plenty or scarcenesse filling emptying â—ding or vnloding will haue an Ablatiue case as Affluis opibus Cares virtute Expleo te fabusis Spoliauâ—â— me bonis omnibus Oneras stomachum cibo Leuabo 〈◊〉 hoc onere Likewise Vtor fungor fruor potior laetoâ— gaudeo digrior muto munero communico afficio proâ— sequor impertio impertior Verbs that betoken receiuing or distance or taking away will haue an Ablatiue case with a ab â— ex or de as Accepit literas à Petro. Audiui ex nuntiâ— Longè distat à nobis Eripui te è malis And this Ablatiue after Verbs of taking away may be turned intâ— the Datiue as Subtraxit mihi cingulum Eripuitilli viraâ— Verbs of comparing or exceeding may haue aâ— Ablatiue case of the word that signifieth the measuâ—â— of exceeding as Prefero hunc multis gradibus I prefeâ— this man by many degrees Paulo interuallo illum superar He is beyond the other but a little space A Noune or a Pronoune substautiue ioyned witâ— a Participle expressed or vnderstood hauing noâ— other word whereof it may be gouerned it shal be puâ— in the Ablatiue case absolute as Rege veniente hostes fugerunt The king comming the enemies fled Mâ— duce vinces I being Captaine thou shalt ouercomeâ— And it may be resolued by any of these words dumâ— cùm quando si quanquam postquam as Rege venientâ— .i. dum veniret Rex Me duce id est si ego dux fuero Constructions of Passiues A Verb passiue wil haue after him an ablatiue caâ— with a Preposition or sometime a dariue of thâ— doer as Virgilius legitur à me Tibifama petatur Aâ— the same ablatiue or datiue shall be the Nominatiâ— case to the Verbe if it be made by the Actiue as Egâ— lego Virgilium Petas tu famam Gerundes GErunds and Supines will haue such cases aâ— the Verbs that they come of as Otium scribenâ— literas Ad consulendum tibi Auditum Poëtas VVHen the English of the Infinitiue mood commeth after any of these Nounes substantiues â—udium causa tempus gratia otium occasio libido spes â—ortunitas voluntas modus ratio gestus satietas poteâ—s licentia consuetudo consâ—lium vis norma amor cudo locus and others like if the verb should be of the â—ctiue voice it shall bee made by the Gerund in Di. â—nd the same Gerund in Di is vsed also after certain â—diectiues as Cupidus visendi Certus eundi Peritus â—culandi Gnarus bellandi VVHen ye haue an English of the Participle of the Present tense with this signe of or with â—mming after a Noune Adiectiue it shall in Latine â—aking be put in the Gerund in Do as Defessus sum â—mbulando I am weary of walking Also the English of the Participle of the present â—ense comming without a Substantiue with this â—â—gne In or by before him shal in Latine making be put â—n the Gerund in Do as Caesar dando subleuando igâ—oscendo gloriam adeptus est In apparando totum hunc â—onsumunt diem And the same Gerund in Do is vâ—ed either without a Preposition or with one of these Prepositions A ab de e ex cum in as Deterrâ—nt à biâ—endo Ab amando Cogitat de edendo Ratio benè scriâ—endi cum loquendo coniuncta est THe English of the Infinitiue mood comming after a reason and shewing a cause of the reason may be put in the Gerund in Dum as Dies mihi vt saâ—is sit ad agendum vereor I feare that a whole day will not be enough for me to do my businesse The Gerund in Dum is vsed after one of these prepositions Ad ob propter inter ante as Ad capiendum hostes Ob vel propter redimendum captiuos Inter coâ—nandum Ante damnandum And when ye haue this english must or ought in a reason where it seemeth to be made by this verb Oporter it may be put in the Gerund in dum with thiâ— verb est set impersonally then the word that seemeth in the english to be the nominatiue case shal be put iâ— the Datiue as Abeundum est mihi I must goe hence Supines THe first Supine hath his Actiue signification and is put after Verbs and Participles that betoken moouing to a place as Eo cubitum Spectatum admissi risum teneatis amici
of the Participle of the Present tense as Legendis veteribus proficis In reading golde authors thou doest profit Of a verbe Actiue Of an Actiue come 2. Participles and of a verbe Neuter which hath the Supines come two Participles one of the Present tense and another of the Future in rus as of Amo commeth Amans amaturus of Curro currens cursurus Of a verb Passiue 〈◊〉 a Passiue come a. whose Actiue hath the Supines come two Participles one of the Preter tense and another of the Future tense in dus as of Amor commeth Amatus amandus Of a verbe Deponent commeth three Participles Of a Deponent 3. one of the Present tense one of the Preter tense and another of the Future in rus as of Auxilior commeth auxilians auxiliatus auxiliaturus And if the verbe Deponent do gouerne an Accusatiue case after him it may forme also a Participle in dus as of Loquor loquendus Of a verbe Commune commeth foure Participles Of a Commune 4. as of Largior commeth largiens largiturus largitus largiendus Participles of the Present tense be decliued like nounes Adiectiues of three Articles as Nominatiuo hic haec hoc Amans Genitiuo huius amantis Datiuo huic amanti c. Participles of other tenses Participles declined like Adiectiues bee declined like nounes Adiectiues of three diuers endings as Amaturus amatura amaturum Amatus amata amatum Amandus amanda amandum Of an ADVERBE AN Aduerbe is a part of speech ioyned to the Verbs to declare their signification Aduerbs some be of time as Hodiè cras heri perendiè olim aliquando nuper quando Some vs of Place as vbi ibi hîc istîc illîc intùs foris Number as Semel bis ter quater iterùm Order as Inde deinde denique postremò Some bee of Asking or doubting as Cur quare vnde quorsum num nunquid Calling as Heus ô ehodum Some be of Affirming as Certè nae profectò sanè scilicet licèt estò Denying as Non haud minimè neutiquam nequaquam Swearing as Pol aedepol hercle medius-fidius Exhorting as Eia agè agitè agedùm Some be of Flattering as Sodes amabò Forbidding as Ne. Wishing as Vtinam si ô si ô. Gathering together as Simul vnà paritor non modò non solùm Parting as Seorsim sigillatim vicatim Some be of Choofing as Potiùs imò A thing not finished as Penè ferè propè vix modò non Shewing as En ecce Doubting as For san forfitan fortassis fortasse Chance as Fortè fortuitò Some be of Likenesse as Sic sicut quasi ceu tanquam velut Qualitie as Benè malè doctè fortiter Quantity as Multùm parùm minimùm paululùm plurimùm Comparison as tam quà m magis minùs maximè Certaine Aduerbes be compared as Doctè doctiùs doctissimè Fortiter fortiùs fortissimè Propè propiùs proximè Also the voices of Prepositions if they be set alone not hauing any casuall word to serue vnto ioyned with them bee not Prepositions but are changed into Aduerbes as Qui ante non cauet pòst dolebit He that bewareth not afore shall bee forie afterward Corà m laudare clà m vituperare inhonestum est In presence to commend one and behinde the backe to dispraise is an vnhonest point Of a CONIVNCTION A Coniunction is a part of speech that ioyneth words and sentences together Of Coniunctions some be Copulatiues as Et que quoque ac atque nec neque Some be Dissunctiues as Aut ve vel seu siue Discretiues as Sed quidem autem verò at ast Causals as Nam námque enim etenim quia vt quôd quum quoniam and quando set for quoniam Some be Conditionals as Si sin modò dum dummodò Exceptiues as Ni nisi quin alioquin praeterquam Interrogatiues as Ne an vtrùm necne anne nónne Illatiues as Ergò ideo igitur quare itaque proin Some be Aduersatiues as Etsi quanquam quamvis licèt esto Redditiues to the same as Tamen attamen Electiues as Quà m ac atque Diminutiues as Saltem vel Of a PREPOSITION A Preposition is a part of speech most commonly set before other parts either in Apposition as Ad patrem or els in Composition as Indoctus These Prepositions following serue to the Accusatiue case Ad To. Ante before Apud At. Aduersus Aduersum against Cis on this side Extra without Citra on this side Intra within Circum about Inter betweene Circa about Infra beneath Contra against Iuxta beside or nigh to Erga towards Ob for Pone behinde Per by or through Prope nigh Propter for Secundum after Post after Trans on the further side Vltra beyond Praeter beside Supra aboue Circiter about Vsque vntill Secus by Versus towards Penes in the power Where note that Versus is set after his casual word as Londinum versus Towards London And likewise may Penes be set also These Prepositions following serue to the Ablatiue case A ab abs From or fro Cum with Coram before or inpresence Clam priuily De of or fro E of or fro Ex of or fro Pro for Prae before or in comparison Palam openly Sine without Absque without Tenus vntil or vp to Where note that if the casual word ioyned with Tenus be the plurall number it shall bee put in the genitiue case be set before Tenus as Aurium tenus Vp to the eares Genuum tenus Vp to the knees Note also that the voyces of Prepositions beeing set alone without their casuall words be not Prepositions but are changed into Aduerbes as is aforesaid in the Aduerbe These Prepositions following serue to both cases In with this signe To to the Accusatiue case as In vrbem Into the citie In without this signe To to the Ablatiue case as In te spes est My hope is in thee Sub noctem a little before night Sub iudice lis est The matter is before the iudge Super lapidem Vpon a stone Super viridifronde Vpon a greene leafe Subter terram Vnder the earth Subter aquis Vnder the water Of an INTERIECTION AN Interiection is a part of speech which betokeneth a sodaine passion of the minde vnder an vnperfect voyce Some are of Mirth as Euax vah Some are of Sorrowe as Heu her Dread as At at Maruelling as Papae Disdaining as Hem vah Shunning as Apagè Praising as Euge. Scorning as Hui Exclamation as Proh Deûm atque hominum fidem Cursing as Vae malùm Laughing as Ha ha be Calling as Eho oh io Silence as Au. And such others The Concordes of Latine SPEECH FOR the due ioyning of wordes in construction it is to be vnderstood that in Latine speech there be three Concords The first betweene the Nominatiue case and the Verbe The second betweene the Substantiue and the Adiectiue The third betweene the Antecedent and the Relatiue The first Concord THen an English is giuen to be made in Latine looke out the
rule of the Relatiue as Quis vter qualis quantus quotus c. which euermore come before the Verbe like as the Relatiue doth as Hei mihi qualis crat Talis erat qualem nunquam vidi Yet here is to bee vnderstood and noted that the Relatiue is not alwayes gouerned of the Verbe that hee commeth before but sometime of the Infinitiue moode that commeth after the Verbe as Quibus voluisti me gratias agere egi What persons thou willedst me to thanke I haue thanked Sometime of a Participle as Quibus rebus adductus fecisti With what things mooued didst thou it Sometime of the Gerund as Quae nunc non est narrandi locus Which things at this present is no time to tell Sometime of the Preposition set before him as Quem in locum deducta res sit vides Vnto what state the matter is now brought thou seest Sometime of the Substantiue that he doth accord with as Senties qui vir siem Thou shalt perceiue what a fellow I am Albeit in this manner speaking Qui is an Indefinite and not a Relatiue Sometime of a Noune Partitiue or Distribuâ—iue as Quarum rerum vtram minus velim non facilè â—ossum existimare Of the which two things whether I would with lesse will haue I cannot easily esteem Sometime it is put in the Genitiue case by reason â—f a Substantiue comming next after him as Egoâ—lum non noui cuius causa hoc incipis I knew him not or whose cause thou beginnest this matter Sometime it is otherwise gouerned of a Noune abstantiue as Omnia tibi dabuntur quibus opus habes â—ll things shal be giuen thee which thou hast need of Sometime of an Aduerbe as Cui vtrum obuià m â—ocedam nondum statui Whom whether I will goe 〈◊〉 meete with I haue not yet determined Sometime it is put in the Ablatiue case with this â—gne than is gouerned of the Comparatiue degree â—mming after him as Vtere virtute qua nihil est meliâ— Vse vertue then the which nothing is better Sometime it is not gouerned at all but is put in â—e ablatiue case absolute as Quantus erat Iulius Caeâ— quo Imperatore Romani primum Britanniam ingressi â—t How worthy a man was Iulius Cesar vnder â—hose conduct the Romans first entred into Britain Also when it signifieth an instrument wherewith a thing is to be done it is put in the ablatiue case as Ferrum habuit quo se occideret He had a knife wherewith he would haue slaine himselfe When a Relatiue commeth betweene two Substantiues of diuers genders it may indifferently accord with either of them as Auis quÄ™ passer appellatur or Auis qui passer appellatur The bird which is called a sparrow Yea though the Substantiues be of diuers numbers also as Est ne ca Lutetia quam nos Parisios dicimus Is not that called Lutetia that we do call Paris Or else Est ne ea Lutetia quos nos Parisios dicimus Constructions of Nounes Substantiues VVHen two Substantiues come together betokening diuers things the latter shall bee the genitiue ease as Facundia Ciceronis The eloquence of Cicero Opus Virgilii The worke of Virgil. Amator studiorum Alouer of studies Dogma Platonis The opinion of Plato But if they belong both to one thing they shall be put both in one case as Pater meus vir amat me puerum My father beeing a man loueth me a child When the English of this word Res is put with an Adiectiue ye may put away Res and put the Adiectiue in the Neuter gender like a Substantiue as Multa me impedierunt Many things haue letted me And beeing so put it may be the Substantiue to an Adiectiue as Pauca his similia A few things like vnto these Nonnulla huiusmodi Many things of like sort An Adrectiue in the neuter gender put alone without a Substantiue standeth for a substantiue maâ— haue a geaitiue case after him as if it were a Substantiue as Multum lucri much gaine Quantum negotij How much busines Idoperis That worke Words importing indument of any qualitie oâ— propertie to the praise or dispraise of a thing comming after a noune Substantiue or a verb Substantiue it may be put in the Ablatiue case or in the genitiue as Puer bona indole or Puer bonae indolis A child of a good towardnesse Puer boni ingenij or Puer bono ingenio A child of a good wit Opus and vsus when they be latine for need require an Ablatiue case as Opus est mihi tuo iudicio I haue need of thy iudgement Viginti minis vsus est filio My sonne hath need of twenty pounds Constructions of Adiectiues The Genitiue case ADiectiues that signifie desire knowledge temembrance ignorance or forgetting and such other like require a genitiue case as Cupidus auri Couetous of money Peritus belli Expert of warfare Ignarus omnium Ignorant of all things Fidens animi Bold of heart Dubius mentis Doubtfull of mind Memor praeteriti Mindfull of that is past Reus furti Accused of theft Nounes Partitiues and certaine Interrogatiues with certaine nounes of number require a genitiue case as Aliquis vter neuter nemo nullus solus vnus medius quisque quisquis quicunque quidam quis for aliquis or quis an interrogatiue as Vnus duo tres Primus secundus tertius c. as Aliquis nostrum Primus omnium When a question is asked the answer in Latine must be made by the same case of a Noune Pronoun or Participle and by the same tense of a Verbe that the question is asked by as Cuius est fundus Vicini Quid agitur in ludo literario Studetur Except a question be asked by Cuius a um as Cuia est sententia Citeronis Or by a word that may gouerne diuers cases as Quanti emistilibrum Paruo Or except I must auswer by one of these possessiues Meus tuus suus noster vester as Cuius est domus Non vestra sed nostra Nounes of the Comparatiue and the Superlatiue degree beeing put partitiuely that is to say hauing after them this English of or among require a genitiue case as Aurium mollior est sinistra Of the eares the left is the softer Cicero oratorum eloquentissimus Cicero the most eloquent of Oratours Nounes of the Comparatiue degree hauing than or by after them doe cause the word following to bee the Ablatiue case as Frigidior glacie More cold then ice Doctior multo Better learned by a great deale Vno pede altior Higher by a foote The Datiue case ADiectiues that betoken profit or disprofit likenesse or vnlikenesse pleasure submitting or belonging to any thing require a Datiue case as Labor est vtilis corpori Labour is profitable to the body Aequalis Hectori Equall to Hector Idoneus bello Fit for warre Iucundus omnibus Pleasant to all persons Parenti supplex Suppliant to his father Mihi proprium Proper to me Likewise Nounes Adiectiues of the
Passiue fignification in bilis and Participâ—ais in dus as Flebilis flendus omnibus To be lamented of all men Formidabilis formidandus hosti To be feared of his enemies The Accusatiue case THe measure of length breadth or thicknesse of any thing is put after Adiectiues in the Accusatiue case and sometime in the Ablatiue case as Turriâ— alta centum pedes A tower an hundred foot high Arbor latatres digitos A tree three fingers broad Liber craffus tres pollices vel tribus pollicibus A booke three inches thicke The Ablatiue case ADiectiues signifying fulnes emptinesse plenty or wanting require an Ablatiue case and sometime a Genitiue as Copijs abundans Crura thymo plena Vacuus irâ irae abirâ Nulla epistola inanis re aliquâ Ditissimus agri Stultorum plena sunt omnia Quâ—s nisi mentis inops oblatum respuat aurum Integer vitae scelerisqué purus non eget Mauri iaculis nec arcu Expers omnium Corpus inane animae These Adiectiues Dignus Indignus praeditus captus contentus with such others will haue an Ablatiue case as Dignus honore Captus oculis Virtute prÄ™ditus Paucis contentus Where note that Dignus indignus and contentus may in stead of the Ablatiue case haue an Infinitiue mood of a Verb as Dignus laudari Worthy to be praised Contentus in pace viuere Content to liue in peace Construction of the Pronoune THese Genitiue cases of the Primitiues Mei tui sui nostri and vestri bee vsed when suffering or passion is signified as Pars tui Amor mei But when possession is signified Meus tuus suus noster and vester be vsed as Ars tua Imago tua These Genitiue cases Nostrûm vestrûm be vsed after distributiues partitiues comparatiues and superlatiues as Nemo vestrûm Aliquis nostrûm Maior vestrûm Maximus natu nostrûm Construction of the Verbe and first with the Nominatiue case SVm forem fio existo and certaine verbs Passiues as Dicor vocor salutor appellor habeor existimor videor with other like will haue such case after them as they haue before them as Fama est malum Fame is an euill thing Malus culturâ fit bonus In euill person by due ordering or gouernance is made good Croesus vocatur diues Cresus is called rich Horatius â—â—lutatur Poëta Horace is saluted by the name of Poet Malote diuitem esse quà m haberi I had rather thou wert rich indeed then so accounted Also Verbs that betoken bodily moouing going resting or doing which be properly called Verbes of gesture as Eo incedo curro sedeo appareo bibo cubo studeo dormio somnio and such other like as they haue before them a Nominatiue case of the doer or sufferer so may they haue after them a Nominatiue case of a Noune or Participle declaring the manner of circumstance of the doing or suffering as Incedo claudus I goe lame Petrus dormit securus Peter sleepeth voide of care Tu cubas supinus Thou liest in bed with thy face vpward Somnias vigilans Thou dreamest waking Studeto stans Studie thou standing And likewise in the Accusatiue case as Non decet quemquam meiere currentem aut mandentem It doth not become any man to pisse running or eating And generally when the word that goeth before the Verb and the word that commeth after the verb belong both to one thing that is to say haue respect either to other or depend either of other they shall be put both in one case whether the Verbe bee Transitiue or Intransitiue of what kind socuer the verb be as Loquor frequens I speake often Tacco multus I hold my peace much Scribo epistolas rarissimus I write letters very sieldome Ne assuelcas bibere vinum ieiunus Accustome not thy selfe to drinke wine nexâ— thy heart or not hauing eaten somewhat afore The Genitiue case THis Verbe Sum when it betokeneth or importetâ— possession owing or otherwise pertaining to 〈◊〉 thing as a token propertie duty or guise it causeth the Noune Pronoune or Participle following to bâ— put in the Genitiue case as Haec vestis est patris Thiâ— garment is my fathers Insipientis est dicere Non pâ—taram It is the propertie of a foole to say I had nâ— thought Extremae est dementiae discere dediscenda It is a point of the greatest folly in the world to learne things that must afterward be learned otherwise Orantis est nihil nisi coelestia cogitare It is the duety of a man that is saying his praiers to haue minde on nothing but heauenly things Except that these Pronounes Meus tuus suus noster and vester shall in such manner of speaking be vsed in the Nominatiue case as Hic codex est meus This booke is mine Haec domus est vestrà This house is yours Non est mentiri meum It is not my guise or propertie to lie Nostrum est iniuriam non inferre It is our parts not to doe wrong Tuum est omnia iuxta pati It is thy part or duty to suffer all things in like Verbs that betoken to esteeme or regard require a Genitiue case betokening the value as Parui ducitur probitas Honesty is reckoned little worth Maximi penditur nobiliâ—as Noblenesse of birth is very much regarded Verbs of accusing condemning warning purging quiting or assoyling will haue a genitiue case of the crime or of the cause or of the thing that one is accused condemned or warned of or els an Ablatiue case most commonly without a Preposition as Hic furti se alligat vel furto Admonuir me errati vel errato De pecunijs repetundis damnatus est Satago misereor miseresco require a Genitiue case as Rerum suarum satagit Miserere mei Deus Reminiscor obliuiscor recordor and memini wil haue a Genitiue or an Accusatiue case as Reminiscor historiae Obliuiscor carminis Recordor Pueritiam Obliuiscor lectionem Memini tui vel te I remember thee Memini de te I spake of thee Egeo or indigeo tui vel te I haue neede of thee Potior vrbis I conquer the Citie Potior voto I obtaine my desire The Datiue case ALl manner of Verbes put acquisitiuely that is to say with these tokens to or for after them wil haue a Datiue case as Non omnibus dormio I sleep not to all men Huic habeo non tibi I haue it for this man and not for thee To this rule doth also belong verbs betokening to profit oâ— disprofit as Commodo incommodo noceo To Compare as Comparo compono confero Giue or restore as Dono reddo refero Promise or to pay as Promitro polliceor soluo Command or shew as Impero indico monstro Trust as Fido confido fidem habeo Obey or to be against as Obedio adulor repugno Threaten or to be angry with as Minor indignor irascor Also Sum with his compounds except Possum Also verbs compound with Satis benè and malè as Satisfacio benefacio
The latter Supine hath his Passiue signification and is put after Nounes Adiectiues as Dignus indignus turpis foedus procliuis facilis odiosus mirabilis optimus and such like And the same Supine may also be turned into the Infinitiue mood Passiue as 〈◊〉 may be indifferently said in Latine Facile factu oâ— Facile fieri Easie to be done Turpe dictu or Turpe dici Vnhonest to be spoken The Time NOunes that betoken part of time be commonly put in the Ablatiue case as Nocte vigilas Luce dormis But Nounes that betoken continuall termâ— of time without ceasing or intermission be commonly vsed in the accusatiue case as Sexaginta annos natus Hyemem totam stertis Space of Place NOunes that betoken space betweene place and place be commonly put in the Accusatiue case as Pedem hinc ne discesseris Go not thou a foot from this place A Place NOunes Appellatiues or names of great places be put with a Preposition if they follow a verb that signifieth in a place to a place from a place oâ— by a place as Viuo in Anglia Veni per Galliam in Italiam Proficiscor ex vrbe In a place or at a place if the place bee a proper name of the first or second declension and the singular number it shall be put in the Genitiue case as Vixit Londini Studuit Oxoniae And these Nounes humi domi militiae belli bee likewise vsed as Procumbit humi bos Militiae enutritus est Domi bellique otiosi viuitis But if the place be of the third declension or the piural number it shal be put in the datiue or in the ablatiue case as Militauit Carthagini or Carthagine Athenis â—atus est Likewise we say Ruri or Rure educatus est To a place if the place be a proper name it shal be â—ut in the accusatiue case without a Preposition as Eo Romam Likewise Confero me domum Recipio me rus From a place or by a place if the place be a proper â—ame it shall be put in the ablatiue case without a Preposition as Discessit Londino Prosectus est Lonâ—ino vel per Londinum Cantabrigiam Domus and Rus â—e likewise vsed as Abijt domo Rure reuersus est Impersonalls A Verbe Impersonall hath no Nominatiue case before him and this word It or there is commonly is signe as Decet It becommeth Oporter aliquem â—sse There must be some body But if it hath neither â—f these words before him then the word that seemeth 〈◊〉 be the Nominatiue case shall be such case as the Verbe Impersouall will haue after him as Me oâ—orter I must Tibi licet Thou mayst Interest refert and est for interest require a genitiue â—se of all casuall words except Meâ tuâ suâ nostrâ estrâ and cuiâ the ablatiue cases of the Pronounes â—ossessiues as Interest omnium rectè agere Tuâ reâ—rt teipsum nôsse Certaine Impersonals require a Datiue case as bet licet patet liquer constat placer expedit prodest sufficit vacat accidit conuenit contingit and otheâ— like Some will haue an Accusatiue case onely as Delectar decet iuvat oportet Some bessde the Accusatiue will haue also a Genitiue as Nostri nosmeâ— poenitet Me ciuitatis taeder Pudet me negligentiae Mise ret me tui Me illorum miserescit Verbs Impersonals of the Passiue voice beeing formed of Neaters do gouerne such case as the verbâ— Neuters which they come of as Parcatur sumptuiâ— Let cost be spared Because wee say Parcamus pecuniae Let vs spare cost A verbe Impersonal of the Passiue voyce hath like case as other Verbs Passiues haue as Benefit multiâ— Ã principe Yet many times the case is not expressed buâ— vnderstood as Maximâ vi certatur subaudi ab illis When a deede is signified to be done of many thâ— verbe beeing a verbe neuter we may well change thâ— verbe neuter into the Impersonal in tur as In igneâ— posita est fletur A Participle PArticiples gouerne such cases as the Verbs thaâ— they come of as Fruiturus amicis Consulens tibâ— Diligendus ab omnibus Here note that Participles may foure manner oâ— waies be changed into nounes The first is when thâ— voice of a Participle is construed with an other casâ— then the verbe that it commeth of as Apperens vinâ— Greedie of wine The second when it is compounded with a Prâ—position which the Verbe that it commeth of cannâ—â— be compounded withall as Indoctus Innocens The third when it formeth all the degrees of comparison as Amans amantior amantissimus Doctus doctior doctissimus The fourth wheÌ„ it hath no respect nor expresse difference of time as Homo laudatus A man laudable Puer â—mandus .i. amari dignus A child worthy to be loued â—nd all these are properly called Nouns participials Participles when they be changed into Nounes â—equire a Genitiue case as Fugitans litium Indoctus â—lae Cupientissimus tui Lactis abundans These Participiall voyces Perosus exosus pertaeâ—s haue alwayes the Actiue signification and goâ—erne an accusatiue case as Exosus saeuitiam Hating â—uelty Vitam pertaesus Weary of life The Aduerbe A Duerbs of quantity time and place doe require a Genitiue case as Multum lucri Tunc tempoâ—s Vbique gentium Certaine Aduerbs will haue a Datiue case like â—s the Nounes that they come of as Venit obuià m 〈◊〉 Canit similiter huic These Datiues be vsed Aduerbially Tempori luci â—esperi as Tempori surgendum Vesperi cubandum Luci â—borandum Certaine Aduerbs will haue an Accusatiue case â—f the Preposition that they come of as Propiùs vrâ—em Proximè castra Where note that Prepositions when they bee set â—ithout a case or els doe forme the degrees of Comâ—arison be changed into Aduerbs The Coniunction COniunctions Copulatiues and dissunctiues and these foure Quà m nisi praeterquam an couple â—ke cases as Xenophon Plato fuere aequales And â—metime they be put betweene diuers cases as Stuâ—i Romae Athenis Est liber meus fratris Emi funum centum nummis pluris Coniunctions Copulatiues and Distunctiues most â—mmonly ioyne like moods tenses together as Petrus Iohannes precabantur docebant And somtimâ— diuers tenses as Et habetur referetur tibi à megratiâ— The Preposition SOmetime this Preposition In is not expressed but vnderstood and the casuall word neuertheles put in the ablatiue case as Habeo te loco parentis .i. in locoâ— A Verbe compound sometime requireth the case oâ— the Preposition that he is compounded withall as Exco domo Praeterco te insalutatum Adeo templum The Interiection CErtaine Interiections require a Nominatiue case as O festus dies hominis Certaine a datiues as Hei mihi Certaine an Accusatiue as Heu stirpem inuisam Certaine a Vocatiue as Proh sancte Iupiter And the same Proh will haue an Accusatiue case as Proh Deûm atque hominum fidem FINIS Guilielmi Lilij ad suos Discipulos monita Paedagogica seu