praeterquam Some be Interrogatives as Nè an utrùm necne anne nonne Some be Illatives as Ergò ideo igitur quare itaque proin Some be Adversatives as Etsi quanquam quamvìs licèt estó Some be Redditives to the same as Tamen attamen Some be Electives as Quà m ac atque Some be Diminutives as Saltem vel Of a Preposition A Preposition is a part of Speech most commonly set before other parts either in Apposition as Ad patrem or else in Composition as Indoctus These Prepositions following serve to the Accusative case Ad To. Apud At. Ante Before Adversus Against Adversum Against Cis On this side Citra On this side Circum About Circa About Contra Against Erga Towards Extra without Intra within Inter Between Infra Beneath Juxta Beside or night 〈◊〉 Ob. For. Pone Behinde Per By or through Prope Nigh Propter For. Secundum After Post After Trans On the further side Ultra Beyond Praeter Beside Supra Above Circiter About Usque Vntil Secus By. Versus Towards Penes In the power Where note that Verius is set after his casual word as Londinum versus Towards London And likewise may Penes be set also These Prepositions following serve To the Ablative case A ab abs From or fro Cum. with Coram Before or in presence Clam Privily De Of or fro E Of or fro Ex Of or fro Pro For. Prae Before or in comparison Palam Openly Sine Without Absque Without Tenus Vntil or up to Where note that if the casual word joyned with Tenus be the plural number it shall be put in the Genitive case and be set before Tenus as Aurium tenus Vp to the ears Genuum tenus Vp to the knees Note also that the voices of Prepositions being set alone without their casual words be not Prepositions but are changed into Adverbs as is aforesaid in the Adverb These Prepositions following serve to both cases In with this signe To to the accusative case as In urbem Into the city In without this signe To to the ablative case as In te spes est My hope is in thee Sub noctem A little before night Sub judice lis est The matter is before the judge Super lapidem Vpon a stone Super viridi fronde Vpon a green leaf Subter terram Vnder the earth Subter aquis Vnder the water Of an Interjection AN Interjection is a part of speech which betokeneth a sudden passion of the minde under an imperfect voice Some are of Mirth as Evax vah Some are of Sorrow as Heu hei Some are of Dread as Atat Some are of Marvelling as Papae Some are of Disdaining as Hem vah Some are of Shunning as Apage Some are of Praysing as Euge. Some are of Scorning as Hui Some are of Exclamation as Proh deûm atque hominum fidem Some are of Cursing as Vae malùm Some are of Laughing as Ha ha he Some are of Calling as Eho oh io Some are of Silence as Au. And such others THE CONCORDS of Latine Speech FOr the due joyning of words in construction it is to be understood that in Latine speech there be three Concords The first between the nominative case and the verb The second between the substantive and the adjective The third between the antecedent and the relative The first Concord WHen an English is given to be made in Latine look out the principal verb. If there be more verbs then one in a sentence the first is the principal verb except it be the infinitive mood or have before it a relative as that whom which or a conjunction as Ut that Cùm when Si if and such others When ye have found the verb ask this question who or what and the word that answereth to the question shall be the nominative case to the verb except it be a verb impersonal which will have no nominative case And the nominative case shall in making and construing Latine be set before the verb except a question be asked and then the nominative is set after the verb or after the sign of the verb as b Amas a tu Lovest thou b VenÃtne a Rex Doth the king come Likewise if the verb be of the Imperative mood as b Ama a tu Love thou b Amato a ille Let him love And sometime when this sign it or there cometh before the English of the verb as b Est a liber meus It is my book a Venit ad meb quidam There came one to me And that casual word which cometh next after the verb and answereth to this question whom or what made by the verb shall commonly be the accusative case except the verb do properly govern another case after him to be construed withall as Si cupisa placereb magistro a utere b diligentiâ nec sis tantus b cessator utb calcaribus a indigeas If thou covet to please the master use diligence be not so slack that thou shalt need spurs A verb personal agreeth with his nominative case in number and person as a Praeceptor b legit z vos verò b negligitis The master readeth and ye regard not Where note that the first person is more worthy then the second and the second more worthy then the third Many nominative cases singular with a conjunction copulative coming between them will have a verb plural which verb plural shall agree with the nominative case of the most worthy person as a Ego tu b sumus in tuto I and thou be in safeguard a Tu pater b periclitamini Thou thy father are in jeopardy a Pater praeceptor b accersunt te Thy father and thy master have sent for thee When a verb cometh between two nominative cases of divers numbers the verb may indifferently accord with either of them so that they be both of one person as Amantium irae amoris a redintegratio b est The falling out of lovers is the renewing of love a Quid enim nisi a vota b supersunt For whâ—â—r remaineth save onely prayers Pectora percussit a pectus quoque a robora b fiunt She stroke her breast and her breast turned into oak also Here note also that sometime the infinitive mood of a verb or else a whole clause afore-going or else some member of a sentence may be the nominative case to the verb as a Diluculo surgere saluberrimum b est To rise betime in the morning is the most wholsome thing in the world a Multum scire vita b est jucundissima To know much is the most pleasant or sweetest life of all The second Concord WHen ye have an adjective ask this question who or what and the word that answereth to the question shall be the substantive to it The adjective whether it be a noun pronoun or participle agreeth with his substantive in case gender and number as Amicus b certus in a re b incerta cernitur A sure friend is tried in a doubtful
asatagit aMiserere bmei Deus Reminiscor obliviscor recordor and memini will have a genitive or an accusative case as aReminiscor bhistoriae aObliviscor bcarminis aRecordor bpueritiam aObliviscor blectionem aMemini btui vel bbte I remember thee aMemini bde te I spake of thee aEgeo or indigeo btui vel bbte I have need of thee aPotior burbis I conquer the city aPotior bvoto I obtain my desire The Dative case ALl manner of verbs put acquisitively that is to say with these tokens to or for after them will have a dative case as Non b omnibus a dormio I sleep not to all men b Huic a habeo non b tibi I have it for this man and not for thee To this rule do belong verbs betokening To Profit or disprofit as Commodo incommodo noceo To Compare as Comparo compono confero To Give or restore as Dono reddo refero To Promise or to pay as Promitto polliceor solvo To Command or shew as Impero indico monstro To Trust as Fido confido fidem habeo To Obey or to be against as Obedio adulor repugno To Threaten or to be angry with as Minor indignor irascor Also Sum with his compounds except Possum Also verbs compound with satìs bene and malé as Satisfacio benefacio malefacio Finally certain verbs compound with these prepositions Prae ad con sub ante post ob in and inter will have a dative case as Praeluceo adjaceo condono suboleo antesto posthabeo objicio insulto intersero This verb Sum es fui may oftentimes be put for habeo and then the word that seemeth in the English to be the nominative case shall be put in the dative and the word that seemeth to be the accusative case shall be the nominative as aEst b mihi a mater I have a mother Non a est b mihi a argentum I have no money But if Sum be the infinitive mood this nominative shall be turned into the accusative as Scio b tibi non esse a argentum I know thou hast no money Also when Sum hath after him a nominative case and a dative the word that is the nominative case may be also the dative so that Sum may in such manner of speaking be construed with a double dative case as a Sum b tibi bb praesidio I am to thee a safeguard Haecres a est mihi bb voluptati This thing is to me a pleasure And not onely Sum but also many other verbs may in such manner of speaking have a double dative case one of the person and another of the thing as a Do b tibi vestem bb pignori a Verto hoc b tibi bb vitio Hoc tu b tibi bb laudi a ducis The Accusative case VErbs transitives are all such as have after them an accusative case of the doer or sufferer whether they be active commune or deponent as Usus b promptos a facit Foeminae a ludificantur b viros a Largitur b pecuniam Also verbs neuters may have an accusative case of their own signification as Endymionis b somnum a dormis a Gaudeo b gaudium a Vivo b vitam Verbs of asking teaching and arraying will have two accusative cases one of the sufferer and another of the thing as a Rogo b te bb pecuniam a Doceo b te bb literas bb Quod b te jamdudum a hortor a Exuo b me bb gladium The Ablative case ALl verbs require an ablative case of the instrument put with this signe with before it or of the cause or of the manner of doing as a Ferit cum b gladio a Taceo b metu Summâ b eloquentiâ causam a egit The word of price is put after verbs in the ablative case as a Vendidi b auro a Emptus sum b argento Except these genitives when they be put alone without substantives Tanti quanti pluris minoris tantivis tantidem quantivis quantilibet quanticunque as Quanti ◠mercatus es hunc equum Certè b pluris quà m a vellem Saving that after verbs of price we shal always use these adverbs Cariùs viliùs meliùs and pejùs instead of their casuals Verbs of plenty or scarceness filling emptying loading or unloading will have an ablative case as aAffluis bopibus aCares bvirtute aExpleote bfabulis aSpoliavit me b bonis omnibus aOneras stomachum b cibo a Levabo te hoc b onere Likewise Utor fungor fruor potior laetor gaudeo dignor muto munero communico afficio prosequor impertio impertior Verbs that betoken receiving or distance or taking away will have an ablative case with à ab è ex or de as a Accepit literas b à Petro. a Audivi b exnuncio Longè a distat b à nobis a Eripui te b è malis And this ablative after verbs of taking away may be turned into a dative as a Subtraxit b mihi cingulum a Eripuit b illi vitam Verbs of comparing or exceeding may have an ablative case of the word that signifieth the measure of exceeding as a Praefero hunc multis b gradibus I prefer this man by many degrees b Paulo intervallo illum a superat He is beyond the other but a little space A noun or a pronoun substantive joyned with a participle expressed or understood and having none other word whereof it may be governed it shall be put in the ablative case absolute as a Rege b veniente hostes fugerunt The King coming the enemies fled a Me b duce vinces I being captain thou shalt overcome And it may be resolved by any of these words Dum cùm quando si quanquam postquam as aRege bveniente id est Dum veniret rex a Me b duce id est Si ego dux fuero Constructions of Passives A Verb Passive will have after him an ablative case with a preposition or sometime a dative of the doer as Virgiliusa legitur b a me b Tibi fama a petatur And the same ablative or dative shall be the nominative case to the verb if it be made by the active as a Ego b lego Virgilium b Petas a tu famam Gerunds GErunds and Supines will have such cases as the verbs that they come of as Otium a scribendi b literas Ad aconsolandum b tibi Auditum b Poetas VVHen the English of the infinitive mood cometh after any of these nouns substantives Studium causa tempus gratia otium occasio libido spes opportunitas voluntas modus ratio gestus satietas potestas licentia consuetudo consilium vis norma amor cupido locus others like if the verb should be of the active voice it shall be made by the gerund in di And the same gerund in di is used also after certain adjectives as a Cupidus b visendi a Cortus b eundi a Peritus b jaculandi a Gnarus b bellandi WHen ye have an English of the
eloquence of Cicero a Opus b Virgilii The work of Virgil. a Amator b studiorum A lover of studies a Dogma b Platonis The opinion of Plato But if they belong both to one thing they shall be put both in one case as a Pater meus b vir amat a me b puerum My father being a man loveth me a child When the English of this word res is put with an adjective ye may put away res and put the adjective in the neuter gender like a substantive as ab Multa me impedierunt Many things have letted me And being so put it may be the substantive to the adjective as a Pauca his b similia A few things like unto these a Nonnulla b hujusmodi Many things of like sort An adjective in the neuter gender put alone without a substantive standeth for a substantive and may have a genitive case after him as if it were a substantive as a Multum b lucri Much gain a Quantum b negotii How much business a Id operis That work Words importing indument of any quality or property to the praise or dispraise of a thing coming after a noun substantive or a verb substantive may be put in the ablative case or in the genitive state the matter is now brought thou seest Sometime of the substantive that it doth accord with as Sentiesb quia vir siem Thou shalt perceive what a fellow I am Albeit in this manner of speaking qui is an indefinite and not a relative Sometime of a noun partitive or distributive as â— Quarum rerum a utram minùs velim non facilè possum existimare Of the which two things whether I would with less will have I cannot easily esteem Sometime it is put in the genitive case by reason of a substantive coming next after him as Ego illum non novi b cujus a causâ hoc incipis I knew him not for whose cause thou beginnest this Sometime it is otherwise governed of a noun substantive as Omnia tibi dabuntur b quibus a opus habes All things shall be given thee which thou hast need of Sometime of an adverb as b Cui utrùm a obvià m procedam nondum statui Whom whether I will go to meet with I have not yet determined Sometime it is put in the ablative case with this signe then is governed of the comparative degree coming after him as Utere virtute b quâ nihil est â— melius Vse vertue then the which nothing is better Sometime it is not governed at all but is put in the abla ive case absolute as Quantus erat Julius Caesar ab quo Imperatore Romani primùm Britanniam ingressi sunt How worthy a man was Iulius Cesar under whose conduct the Romans first entred into BritIin Also when it signifiith an instrument wherewith a thing is to be done it is put in the ablative case as Ferrum habuit b quo se a occideret He had a knife wherewith he would have slain himself When a relative cometh between two substantives of divers genders it may indifferently accord with either of them as a Avis b quae passer appellatur or Avis b qui a passer appellatur The bird which is called a sparrow Yea though the substantives be of divers numbers also as â—stne ea a Lutetia b quam nos Parisios dicimus Is not that called Lutetia that we do call Paris or else Estne ea Lutetia b quos nos a Parisios dicimus Constructions of nouns Substantives WHen two substantives come together betokening divers things the latter shall be the genitive case as a Facundia b Ciceronis The eloquence of Cicero a Opus b Virgilii The work of Virgil. a Amator b studiorum A lover of studies a Dogma b Platonis The opinion of Plato But if they belong both to one thing they shall be put both in one case as â— Peter meus b vir amat a me b puerum My father being a man loveth me a child When the English of this word res is put with an adjective ye may put away res and put the adjective in the neuter gender like a substantive as ab Multa me impedierunt Many things have letted me And being so put it may be the substantive to the adjective as a Pauca his b similia A few things like unto these a Nonnulla b hujusmodi Many things of like sort An adjective in the neuter gender put alone without a substantive standeth for a substantive and may have a genitive case after him as if it were a substantive as a Multum b lucri Much gain a Quantum b negotii How much business a Id b operis That work Words importing indument of any quality or property to the praise or dispraise of a thing coming after a noun substantive or a verb substantive may be put in the ablative case or in the genitive as a Puer b bona-indole or a Puer b bonae-indolis A child of good towardness a Puer b boni-ingenii or a puer b bono-ingenio A child of a good wit Opus and Usus when they be Latine for need require an ablative case as a Opus est mihi tuo b judicio I have need of thy judgement Viginti b minis a usus est filio My son hath need of twenty pounds Constructions of Adjectives The Genitive case ADjectives that signifie desire knowledge remembrance ignorance or forgetting and such other like require a genitive case as a Cupidus b auri Covetous of money a Peritus b belli Expert of warfare a Ignarus b omnium Ignorant of all things a Fidens b animi Bold of heart a Dubius b mentis Doubtful of mind a Memor b praeteriti Mindful of that is past a Reus b furti Accused of theft Nouns partitives and certain interrogatives with certain nouns of number require a genitive case as Aliquis uter neuter nemo nullus solus unus medius quisque quisquis quicunque quidam quis for aliquis or quis an interrogative Unus duo tres Primus secundus tertius c. as aAliquis bnostrûm aPrimus bomnium When a question is asked the answer in Latine must be made by the same case of a noun pronoun or participle and by the same tense of a verb that the question is asked by as a Cujus est fundus b Vicini Quid a agitur in ludo literario b Studetur Except a question be asked by Cujus ja um as a Cuja est sententia b Ciceronis Or by a word that may govern divers cases as b Quanti a emisti librum bb Parvo Or except I must answer by one of these possessives Meus tuus suus noster vester as a Cujus est domus non b vestra sed bb nostra Nouns of the comparative and the superlative degree being put partitively that is to say having after them this English of or among require a genitive case as b Aurium a mollior est sinistra Of the ears the left
is the softer Cicero b Oratorum a eloquentissimus Cicero the most eloquent of Oratours Nouns of the comparative degree having then or by after them do cause the word following to be the ablative case as a Frigidior b glacie More cold then ice a Doctior b multo Better learned by a great deal Uno â— pede a altior higher by a foot The Dative case ADjectives that betoken profit or disprofit likeness or unlikeness pleasure submitting or belonging to any thing require a dative case as Labor est a utilis â— corpori Labour is profitable to the body a Aequalis b Hectori Equal to Hector a Idoneus b bello Fit for war a Jucundus b omnibus Pleasant to all persons b Parenti a supplex Suppliant to his father b Mihi a Proprium Proper to me Likewise nouns adjectives of the passive signification in bilis and participials in dus as a Flebilis aa flendus b omnibus To be lamented of all men a Formidabilis aa formidandus b hosti To be feared of his enemy The Accusative case THe measure of length breadth or thickness of any thing is put after adjectives in the accusative case and sometime in the ablative case as Turris a alta b centum-pedes A Tower an hundred foot high Arbor a lata b tres-digitos A tree three fingers broad Liber a crassus b tres-pollices vel bb tribus-pollicibus A book three inches thick The Ablative case ADjectives signifying fulness emptiness plenty or wanting require an ablative case and sometime a genitive as b Copiis aabundans Crura bthymo aplena aVacuus birâ bbirae ab irâ Nulla epistola ainanis bre aliquâ aDitissimus bagri bStultorum aplena sunt omnia Quis nisi bmentis ainops oblatum respuat aurum aInteger bvitae bscelerÃsque apurus non eget Mauri jaculis nec arcu aExpers bomnium Corpus ainane animae These Adjectives Dignus indignus praeditus captus contentus with such others will have an ablative case as aDignus bhonore aCaptus boculis bVirtute apraeditus bPaucis acontentus Where note that Dignus indignus and contentus may in stead of the ablative case have an infinitive mood of a verb as a Dignus b laudari worthy to be praised a Contentus in pace b vivere Content to live in peace Construction of the Pronoun THese genitive cases of the primitives Mei tui sui nostrâ and vestri be used when suffering or passion be signified as a Pars tui a Amor b mei But when possession is signified Meus tuus suus noster and vester be used as a Ars b tua a Imago b tua These genitive cases Nostrûm vestrûm be used after distributives partitives comparatives and superlatives as a Nemo b vestrûm a Aliquis b nostrûm a Major b vestrûm a Maximus natu b nostrûm Construction of the Verb and first with the Nominative case SUm forem fio existo and certain verbs passives as Dicor vocor salutor appellor habeor existimor videor with other like will have such case after them as they have before them as a Fama aa est b malum Fame is an evil thing a Malus culturâ aa fit b bonus An evil person by due ordering or governance is made good a Croesus aa vocatur b dives Cresus is called rich â— Horatius aa salutatur b Poeta Horace is saluted by the name of a Poet. Malo a te b divitem aa esse quà m haberi I had rather thou wert rich indeed then so accounted Also verbs that betoken bodily moving going resting or doing which be properly called verbs of gesture as Eo incedo curro sedeo appareo bibo cubo studeo dormio somnio such other like as they have before them a nominative case of the doer or sufferer so may they have after them a nominative case of a noun or participle declaring the manner or circumstance of the doing or suffering as a Incedo claudus I go lame a Petrus aa dormit b securus Peter sleepeth void of care a Tu aa cubas b supinus Thou liest in bed with thy face upward a Somnias b vigilans Thou dreamest waking a Studeto b stans Study thou standing And likewise in the accusative case as Non decet quenquam aa meiere â— currentem aut mandentem It doth not become any man to piss running or eating And generally when the word that goeth before the verb and the word that cometh after the verb belong both to one thing that is to say have respect either to other or depend either of other they shall be put both in one case whether the verb be transitive or intransitive of what kind soever the verb be as a Loquor â— frequens I speak often a Taceo b multus I hold my peace much a Scribo epistolas b rarissimus I write letters very seldom Nè a assuescas aa bibere vinum b jejunus Accustom not thy self to drink wine next thy heart or not having eaten somewhat before The Genitive case THis verb Sum when it betokeneth or importeth possession owning or otherwise pertaining to a thing as a token property duty or guise it causeth the noun pronoun or participle following to be put in the genitive case as Haec vestis a est b patris This garment is my fathers b Insipientis a est dicere non putâram It is the property of a fool to say I had not thought Extremae a est b demontiae discere dedisceÌ„da It is a point of the greatest folly in the world to learn things that must afterward be learned otherwise b Orantis a est nihil nisi coelestia cogitare It is the duty of a man that is saying his prayers to have mind on nothing but heavenly things Except that these pronouns Meus tuus suus noster and vester shall in such manner of speaking be used in the nominative case as Hic codex a est b meus This book is mine Haec domus a est b vestra This house is yours Non a est mentiri b meum It is not my guise or property to lie b Nostrum a est injuriam non inferre It is our parts not to do wrong b Tuum a est omnia juxtà pati It is thy part or duty to suffer all things alike Verbs that betoken to esteem or regard require a genitive case betokening the value as b Parvi a ducitur probitas Honesty is reckoned little worth b Maximi a penditur nobilitas Nobleness of birth is very much regarded Verbs of accusing condemning warning purging quitting or assoyling will have a genitive case of the crime or of the cause or of the thing that one is accused condemned or warned of or else an ablative case most coÌ„monly without a preposition as Hic b furti se a alligat vel bb furto a Admonuit me b errati vel bb errato b De pecuniis-repeâ—undis a damnatus est Satago misereor miseresco require a genitive case as Rerum suarum
participle of the present tense with this signe of or with coming after a noun adjective it shall in Latine making be put in the gerund in do as a Defessus sum b ambulando I am weary of walking Also the English of the participle of the present tense coming without a substantive with this sign in or by before him shall in Latine making be put in the gerund in do as Caesarb dando b sublevando b ignoscendo gloriam a adeptus est b In apparando totum hunc a consumunt diem And the same gerund in do is used either without a preposition or with one of these prepositions A ab de è ex cum in pro as Deterrent a à b bibendo a Ab b amando Cogitat a de b edendo Ratio bene scribendi a cum b loquendo conjuncta est THe English of the infinitive mood coming after a reason and shewing the cause of a reason may be put in the gerund in dum as Dies mihi ut satis sit a ad agendum vereor I fear that a whole day will not be enough for me to do my business The gerund in dum is used after one of these prepositions Ad ob propter inter ante as a Ad b capiendum hostes a Ob vel a propter b redimendum captivos a Inter b coenandum a Ante b damnandum And when ye have this English must or ought in a reason where it seemeth to be made by this verb oportet it may be put in the gerund in dum with this verb est set impersonally and then the word that seemeth in the English to be the Nominative case shall be put in the Dative as a Abeundum est b mihi I must go hence Supines THe first Supine hath his active signification and is put after Verbs and Participles that betâ—ken moving to a place as a Eo b cubitum b Spectatum a admissi risum teneatis amici The latter Supine hath his Passive signification and is put after Nouns Adjectives as Dignus indignus turpis foedus proclivis facilis odiosus mirabilis optimus and such like And the same Supine may also be turned into the Infinitive mood passive as it may be indifferently said in Latine a Facile b factu or a Facile b fieri Easie to be done a Turpe b dictu or a Turpe b dici Vnhonest to be spoken The Time NOuns that betoken part of time be commonly put in the ablative case as b Nocte a vigilas a Luce a dormis But nouns that betoken continual term of time without ceasing or intermission be commonly used in the accusative case as b Sexaginta annos a natus b Hyemem totam a stertis Space of Place NOuns that betoken space between place and place be commonly put in the accusative case as b Pedem hinc nè a discesseris Go not thou a foot from this place A Place NOuns Appellatives or names of great places be put with a preposition if they follow a verb that signifieth In a place To a place From a place or By a place as a Vivo in Anglia a Veni â— per Galliam bb in Italiam a Proficiscor b ex urbe In a place or At a place if the place be a proper name of the first or second declension and the singular number it shall be put in the genitive case as a Vixit b Londini a Studuit b Oxoniae And these Nouns Humi domi militiae belli be likewise used as a Procumbit b humi bos b Militiae a enutritus est b Domi bb bellÃque otiosi a vivitis But if the place be of the third declension or the plural number it shall be put in the dative or in the ablative case as a Militavit b Carthagini or bb Carthagine b Athenis a natus est Likewise we say b Ruri or bb Rure a educatus est To a place if the place be a proper name it shal be put in the accusative case without a preposition as a Eo b Romam Likewise a Confero me b domum a Recipio me b rus From a place or By a place if the place be a proper name it shall be put in the ablative case without a preposition as a Discessit b Londino a Profectus est b Londino vel per Londinum Cantabrigiam Domus and Rus be likewise used as a Abiit b domo b Rure reversus est Impersonals A Verb impersonal hath no nominative case before him and this word it or there is commonly his signe as Decet It becometh Oportet b aliquem esse There must be some body But if he hath neither of these words before him then the word that seemeth to be the nominative case shall be such case as the verb impersonal will have after him as b Me a oportet I must b Tibi a licet Thou mayest Interest refert and est for interest require a genitive case of all casual words except Meâ tuâ suâ nostrâ vestrâ and cujâ the ablative cases of the pronouns possessives as a Interest b omnium rectè agere b Tuâ a refert teipsum nôsse Certain impersonals require a dative case as Libet licet patet liquet constat placet expedit prodest sufficit vacat accidit convenit contingit and other like Some will have an accusative case onely as Delectat decet juvat oportet Some beside the accusative case will have also a genitive as bb Nostri b nosmet a poenitet b Me bb civitatis a taedet a Pudet b me bb negligentiae a Miseret b me bb tui b Me bb illorum a miserescit Verbs impersonals of the passive voice being formed of neuters do govern such case as the verbs neuters which they come of as a Parcatur b sumptui Let cost be spared Because we say a Parcamus b pecuniae Let us spare cost A verb impersonal of the passive voice hath like case as other verbs passives have as a Benefit multis b à principe Yet many times the case is not expressed but understood as Maximâ vi a certatur subaudi b ab illis When a deed is signified to be done of many the verb being a verb neuter we may well change the verb neuter into the impersonal in tur as b In ignem posita est a fletur A Participle PArticiples govern such cases as the verbs that they come of as a Fruiturus b amicis a Consulens b tibi a Diligendus b ab omnibus Here note that participles may four manner of ways be changed into nouns The first is when the voice of a participle is construed with another case then the verb that it cometh of as â— Appetens b vini Greedy of wine The second when it is compounded with a preposition which the verb that it cometh of cannot be compounded withal as Indoctus innocens The third when it formeth all the degrees of comparison as Amans amantior amantissimus Doctus doctior
rehearse a thing that was spoken of before These seven Meus tuus suus noster vester nostrâs vestrâs be Derivatives for they be derived of their primitives Mei tui sui nostri and vestri There belong to a Pronoun these five things Number Case and Gender as are in a Noun Declension and Person as here followeth The Declensions of Pronouns There be four Declensions of Pronouns These three Ego tu sui be of the first declension and be thus declined Singulariter Nominativo Ego Pluraliter Nominativo nos Genitivo mei G. nostrûm vel nostrî Dativo mihi Dativo nobis Accusativo me Accusativo nos Vocativo caret Vocativo caret Ablativo à me Abl. à nobis Singulariter Nominativo Tu. Pluraliter Nominativo vos Genitivo tui G. vestrûm vel vestrî Dativo tibi Dativo vobis Accusativo te Accusativo vos Vocativo ô tu Vocativo ô vos Ablativo à te Ablativo à vobis Singulariter Pluraliter Nominativo caret Genitivo sui Dativo sibi Accusat se Vocat caret Ablat à se These six Ille ipse iste hic is and qui be of the second declension and be thus declined Singulariter Nomin iste ista istud Pluraliter Nomin isti istae ista Genitivo istius Ge. istorum istarum istorum Dativo isti Dat istis Ac. istum istam istud Acc. istos istas ista Vocativo caret Vocativo caret Ablat isto istā isto Ablativo istis Ille is declined like iste and also Ipse saving that the neuter gender in the nominative case in the accusative case singular maketh ipsum Nominativo hic haec hoc Genitivo hujus Dativo huic as afore in the Noun Singulariter Nominat is ea id Pluraliter Nominativo ii eae ea Genitivo ejus G. eorum earum eorum Dativo ei Dativo iis vel eis Accus eum eam id Accusativo eos eas ea Vocativo caret Vocativo caret Ablativo eo eâ eo Ablativo iis vel eis Singulariter Nom. qui quae quod Pluraliter N. qui quae quae Genitivo cujus G. quorū quarū quorū Dativo cui Dat. quibus vel queis Ac quem quam quod quî Acc. quos quas quae Vocativo caret Vocativo caret Abl. quo quâ quo vel Ab. quibus vel queis Likewise Quis and Quid be declined whether they be interrogatives or Indefinites Also Quisquis is thus declined Nom. Quisquis Ac Quicquid Abl. Quoquo  Quaqua Quicquid Quoquo Where note that Quid is always a substantive of the Neuter gender These five Meus tuus suus noster and vester are of the third declension be declined like nouns adjectives of three terminations in this wise Singulariter Nom meus mea meum Pluraliter N. mei meae mea Genit mei meae mei G. meorum mearū meorum Dativo meo meae meo Da. meis Ac. meum meam meum A. meos meas mea Vocat mi mea meum Voc. mei meae mea Ablat meo meâ meo Ablativo meis So is Noster declined and tuus suus vester saving that these three last do lack the Vocative case Nostras vestras and this noun Cujas be of the fourth declension and be thus declined Singulariter N. hic haec nostras hoc nostrate Pluraliter N. hi hae nostrates haec nostratia Gen. hujus nostratis Gen. horum harum horum nostratium Dati huic nostrati Dat. his nostratibus Ac. hunc hanc nostratē hoc nostrate Ac. hos has nostrates haec nostratia Vocativo ô nostras ô nostrate Vocat ô nostrates ô nostratia Ab ab hoc hac hoc nostrate vel nostrati Ab. ab his nostratibus Here is to be noted that Nostras vestras and this noun Cujas be called Gentiles because they properly betoken pertaining to Countreys or Nations to Seas or Factions A Pronoun hath three persons The first person speaketh of himself as Ego I Nos we The second person is spoken to as Tu Thou Vos ye And of this person is also every Vocative case The third person is spoken of as Ille He Illi They and therefore all Nouns Pronouns and Participles be of the third person Of a Verb. A Verb is a part of speech declined with mood end tense and betokeneth doing as Amo I love or suffering as Amor I am loved or being as Sum I am Of verbs such as have persons be called personals as Ego amo tu amas And such as have no persons be called impersonals as Taedet It irketh Oportet it behoveth Of verbs personals there be five kinds Active passive neuter deponent and commune A verb active endeth in o and betokeneth to do as Amo I love and by putting to r it may be a passive as Amor. A verb passive endeth in or and betokeneth to suffer as Amor I am loved and by putting away r it may be an active as Amo. A verb neuter endeth in o or m and cannot take r to make him a passive as Curro I run Sum I am And it is Englished sometime actively as Curro I run and sometime passively as Aegroto I am sick A verb deponent endeth in r like a passive and yet in signification is but either active as Loquor verbum I speak a word or neuter as Glorior I boast A verb commune endeth in r and yet in signification is both active and passive as Osculor a te I kiss thee Osculor à te I am kissed of thee Moods THere be six moods The indicative the imperative the optative the potential the subjunctive and the infinitive The indicative mood sheweth a reason true or false as Ego amo I love or else asketh a question as Amas tu Dost thou love The imperative biddeth or commandeth as Ama Love thou The optative wisheth or desireth with these signs Would God I pray God or God grant as Utinam amem I pray God I love and hath commonly an adverb of wishing joyned with him The potential mood is known by these signs May can might would should could or ought as Amem I may or can love without an adverb joyned with him The subjunctive mood hath evermore some conjunction joyned with him as Cùm amarem When I loved And it is called the subjunctive mood because it dependeth of another verb in the same sentence either going before or comming after as Cùm amarem eram miser When I loved I was a wretch The infinitive signifieth to do to suffer or to be and hath neither number nor person nor nominative case before him and is known commonly by this signe To as Amare To love Also when two verbs come together without any nominative case between them then the latter shall be the infinitive mood
doctissimus The fourth when it hath no respect nor express difference of time as Homo laudatus A man laudable Puer amandus id est amari dignus A child worthy to be loved And all these are properly called nouns participials Participles when they be changed into nouns require a genitive case as a Fugitans b litium a Indoctus b pilae a Cupientissimus b tui b Lactis a abundans These participial voices Perosus exosus pertaesus have alwayes the active signification when they govern an accusative case as a Exosus saevitiam Hating cruelty b Vitam a pertaesus weary of life The Adverb ADverbs of quantity time and place do require a genitive case as a Multùm b lucri a Tunc b temporis a Ubique b gentium Certain adverbs will have a dative case like as the nouns that they come of as Venit a obvià m b illi Canit a similiter b huic These datives be used adverbially Tempori luci vesperi as Tempori surgendum Vesperi cubandum Luci laborandum Certain adverbs will have an accusative case of the preposition that they come of as a Propiùs b urbem a Proximè b castra Where note that propositions when they be set without a case or else do form the degrees of comparison be changed into adverbs The Conjunction COnjunctions Copulatives Disjunctives and these four Quà m nisi praeterquam an couple like cases as a Xenophon b Plato fuêre aequales And sometimes they be put between divers cases as a Studui b Romae bb Athenis Est a liber b meus bb fratris a Emi fundum centum b nummis bb pluris Conjunctions Copulatives and Disjunctives most commonly joyn like moods and tenses together as a Petrus Joannes b precabantur bb docebant And sometimes divers tenses as Et b habetur bb referetur tibi à me a gratia The preposition SOmetimes this preposition In is not exprest but understood and the casual word nevertheless put in the ablative case as Habeo te b loco parentis id est a in b loco A Verb compound sometime requireth the case of the preposition that he is compounded withall as a Exeo b domo a Praetereo b te insalutatum a Adeo b templum The Interjection CErtain interjections require a nominative case as a O festus b dies hominis Certain a dative as a Hei b mihi Certain an accusative as a Heu b stirpem invisam Certain a vocative as a Proh sancte b Jupiter And the same Proh will have an accusative case as a Proh Deûm atque hominum b fidem FINIS GVILIELMI LILII ad suos Discipulos monita Paedagogica SEU CARMEN DE MORIBUS QUi mihi discipulus Puer es cupis atque doceri Huc ades haec animo concipe dicta tuo Manè citus lectum fuge mollem discute somnum Templa petas supplex venerare Deum Attamen in primis facies sit lota manúsque Sint nitidae vestes comptáque caesaries Desidiam fugiens cùm te schola nostra vocârit Adsis nulla pigrae sit tibi causa morae Me Praeceptorem cùm videris ore saluta Et condiscipulos ordine quosque tuos Tu quoque fac sedeas ubi te sedisse jubemus Inque loco nisi sis jussus abire mane Ac magìs ut quisque est doctrinae munere clarus Sic magìs is clarâ sede locandus erit Scalpellum calami atramentum charta libelli Sint semper studiis arma parata tuis Si quid dictabo scribes at singula recté Nec macula aut scriptis menda sit ulla tuis Sed tua nec laceris dictata aut carmina chartis Mandes quae libris inseruisse decet Saepe recognoscas tibi lecta animóque revolvas Si dubites nunc hos consule nunc alios Qui dubitat qui saepe rogat mea dicta tenebit Is qui nil dubitat nil capit inde boni Disce puer quaeso noli dediscere quicquam Nè mens te infimulet conscia desidiae SÃsque animo attentus quid enim docuisse juvabit Si mea non firmo pectore verba premas Nil tam difficile est quod non solertia vincat Invigila parta est gloria militiae Nam veluti flores tellus nec semina profert Ni sit continuo victa labore manûs Sic puer ingenium si non exercitet ipsum Tempus amittit spem simul ingenii Est etiam semper lex in sermone tenenda Nè nos offendat improba garrulitas Incumbens studio submissâ voce loquêris Nobis dum reddis voce canorus eris Et quaecunque mihi reddis discantur ad unguem Singula abjecto verbula redde libro Nec verbum quisquam dicturo suggerat ullum Quod puero exitium non mediocre parit Si quicquam rogito sic respondere studebis Ut laudem dictis mereare decus Non linguâ celeri nimis aut laudabere tardâ Est virtus medium quod tenuisse juvat Et quoties loqueris memor esto loquare Latinè Et veluti scopulos barbara verba fuge Praeterea socios quoties te cunque rogabune Instrue ignaros ad mea vota trahe Qui docet indoctos licet indoctissimus esset Ipse brevi reliquis doctior esse queat Sed tu nec stolidos imitabere Grammaticastros Ingens Romani dedecus eloquii Quorum tam fatuus nemo aut tam barbarus ore est Quem non autorem barbara turba probet Grammaticas rectè si vis cognoscere leges Discere si cupias cultiùs ore loqui Addiscas veterum clarissima scripta virorum Et quos autores turba Latina docet Nunc te Virgilius nunc ipse Terentius optat Nunc simul amplecti te Ciceronis opus Quos qui non didicit nil praeter somnia vidit Certat in tenebris vivere Cimmeriis Sunt quos delectat Studio virtutis honestae Posthabito nugis tempora conterere Sunt quibus est cordi manibus pedibúsve sodales Aut alio quovis sollicitare modo Est alius qui se dum clarum sanguine jactat Insulso reliquis improbat ore genus Te tam prava sequi nolim vestigia morum Nè tandem factis praemia digna feras Nil dabis aut vendes nil permutabis emésve Ex damno alterius commoda nulla feres Insuper nummos irritamenta malorum Mitte aliis puerum nil nisi pura decent Clamor rixa joci mendacia furta cachinni Sint procui à vobis Martis arma procul Nil penitus dices quod turpe aut non sit honestum Est vitae ac pariter janua lingua necis Ingens crede nefas cuiquam maledicta referre Jurare aut magni numina sacra Dei. Denique servabis res omnes atque libellos Et tecum quoties Ãsque redÃsque feres Effuge vel causas faciunt quaecunque nocentem In quibus nobis displicuisse potes FINIS A Noun A Noun two sorts Nouns of Substantive A Noun Adjective Two kinds of Nouns substantives Nominative case Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Ablative I. Haec mensa Hic Poeta Hic haec verna Note II. Hic vir Hic liber Haec colus Hic logos Note Note Hoc damnum Hoc malum Hoc verbum III. Hic pater Hic panis Hic opus Hoc caput Haec nubes Hic vel haec bubo Haec virtus Hoc animal Hoc cubile Hoc calcar IV. Hic Gradus Haec porticus Hoc cornu V. Haec res Haec facies Haec acies Note Niger a um Tardus a um Satur a um An except Note Alius hath aliud neut Ingens Solers Capax Vetus Levis leve Celer celeris celere Melior melius Three degrees of comparison The positive The comparative The superlative Exception Ater Teter Acer Igneus Impius Arduus Strenuus There be fifteen pronouns Primitives Demonstratives Relatives Derivatives Five things belonging to a pronoun The first declension The second declension The compound of Quis. Note The third declension The fourth declension Note Persons three A verb. Verbs Personals Active Passive Neuter Deponent Commune Moods six Indicative Imperative Optative Potential Subjunctive Infinitive Gerunds three Di Do dum Supines two in um and u. Tenses five Present tense Preterimperfect Preterperfect Preterpluperfect Future Persons three Conjugations four 1 2 3 4 Tenses formed of the preterperfect tense Impersonals Four kinds of participles Present tense The first Future tense in rus Preter tense The second Future tense in dus Of an active come two participles Of a passive come two Of a deponent three Of a commune four Participles declined like Adjectives