Carcase When furious Dogs attempt to tear harmless Sheep and Lambs Furious Persecutors have sought to root out blessed Piety Opportunity ought to be improved Boys love to be commended and rewarded Boasters thought to have been extolled Misery ought to be avoided Gay Virgins thought to have been courted and married Old Dogs teach little Whelps to lick up fat Porrage and sweet Milk Old Thieves teach young Thieves to rob rich Houses Great Hens teach little Chickens to scrape every Dunghil Ugly Witches are said to become Black Cats The common People believe ugly Witches to become Black Cats Rule 7. WHen two Substantives come together with of between them the latter shall be the Genitive Case The sight of a fair Picture delights The smell of a stinking Dunghil offends The Pledge of Dear Love pleases The face of things is changed The colour of green Fields will delight and please The labour of the industious Bee ought to be praised The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom and happiness The loquacity of Fools is the abomination of the prudent The modesty of a fair Maid is the true Ornament of her mind The love of excellent Learning is the Ornament of a pretty Boy The loss of great Treasures may be repaired The loss of precious time cannot be redeemed The Cares of this World have blinded the minds of Men. The deceitfulness of Riches did ensnare the thoughts of Sinners The Soul of a pious Man will abhor the base love of cursed Pleasures and Lusts If the just Judgments of God would always seize on wretched Sinners men would not dare commit so great Villanies The rashness of Drunkards has betrayed the secrets of the mind When the Vices of a depraved Age shall have drawn down the just Judgments of a Righteous Deity The report of the great Portion of an unmarried Virgin is oftentimes the sound of a great lie Base Sloth is the Parent of Contempt and Poverty Sometimes of is left out and the latter Substantive is put former ending in s The Nation 's peace or the peace of the Nation The Church's power or the power of the Church A Lord's dignity or the dignity of a Lord. A Woman's modesty or the modesty of a Woman A Man's wisdom or the wisdom of a man A professed Friend may be a Man's Enemy The Father's prodigality will be the Son's shame and beggery Fly great Ladies sinful Embraces The World's contempt is the Mind 's content The stout Soldier 's Sword has been the proud Enemy's ruine The Soul's loss is the loss of losses The Fool 's tongue may be his neck 's Halter The Walls of the City are the defence of the Inhabitants and increase the courage of its Defenders And the Defenders courage is another wall of the City Death is the common fate of all men and young and old shall feel the sharpness of his Darts The rich Favourite of Fortune shall have many Companions and is the subject of Flatterers praises But every one will despise the poor man when every Blockhead shall call the golden Ass wise and learned Rule 8. TO and for signifying the use of any one are signs that the Noun next following them must be the Dative Case Corn grows for Man Grass grows for Cattel Hay is mowed for Horses A Goose is carved for the Guests Sense abounds to thee A Shooe is fitted to the foot Magistrates provide Prisons for obstinate Malefactors A Rod is prepared for the back of a Fool. Scriveners buy Lands for wealthy Citizens An Hat is fitted to a Man's Head Filthy Gluttons prepare delicate Dainties for their ungodly Bellies A Glove is fitted to a Boy 's Hand Men do accommodate God's Commands to their Lusts The Fire separates Oyl for Chymists An Hair-lace is platted for a Girl 's Head Virtue affords true Comfort to her Votaries Base Vice offers happiness to Fools Humane blood is sacrificed to Hellish malice Some Verbs govern a Dative Case of the word next following without the Sign to and then the word following that must be the Accusative Of which such as are of more common use are these that follow To promise To pay To give To tell To send To offer To bring To buy To procure provide c. My Father promised me great Rewards Or my Father promised great Rewards to me The Debtor pays the Creditor great sums of Money Or the Debtor pays great sums of Money to the Creditor The Stranger told me great wonders Or the Stranger told great wonders to me The King promised my Brother his pardon My Mother sent me great Tokens of her love and care My Father's Man brought me Bread and Cheese My good Uncle will give me many good Books and learned Manuscripts My dear Cousin offered me a kiss My little Brother sent me his Gloves and Handkerchief My Master forgave me my faults My Father provided me a good School Thy Friend procured thee a good Horse My Unkle has promised my Brother all his Farms God forgives penitent Sinners their great Offences If ye will lend my Father's Servant your Boots and Spurs When they had offered Caesar a Crown and Scepter he refused them When we shall have bought Clothes for the Governour of the City If ye have given the Treasurer your Money ye have done well If the stedfast hope of Eternal life can bring comfort to dejected minds Our Man brought my Uncle's Horses Hay and Straw for they were almost starved My dear eldest Brother bought my Sister new Gloves Pay my Master Forty pounds If thou will send me a Penknife I will give thee thanks When ye shall have given my Brother the Grammars I will send you the new Bibles The blessed Redeemer hath prevailed to procure pardon for miserable sinners The justice of God doth delight to prepare the fire of Hell for impenitent sinners God's love doth delight to prepare Heavens happiness for true Believers Thy Lands are preserved for thine Heir Thou hast told thy Father many Lies I can tell you that my Father will give me money when he shall see me to bring him comfort to apply my will to learning and to prepare my mind for the paths of Virtue And the paths of Virtue are at first rugged afterwards pleasant Rule Ninth WIth or By signifying an instrument are signs that the Noun following must be the Ablative Case The mind is distracted with cares and fears The Stomack is fed with meats The Body is broken with labours Men overcome difficulty with pains Soldiers overcome dangers with daring and Fortitude Citizens overcome poverty with riches Lions tear Beasts by strength Foxes seise Geese by cunning Men conquer Armies by Courage Nature is polish'd by Art Art is consummated by practise Practice is facilitated by diligence I struck my Brother with my fist and a stone Thou kick'st thy Sister with thy foot The Master smote the Servant with his stick Alexander cut the Gourdian knot with his Sword The Boy cut the stick with a blunt
without Money is a miserable Companion Christ was the Saviour of men and died for wretched sinners A Scabbard without a Sword is the Instrument of a Coward Note That Tenus is put after the word it governs and puts the word if plural in the Genitive Case The Waters covered him up to the eyes The Brook was up to his knees The River was up to his ears Praepositions governing two Cases are these that follow 1. IN and sub after Verbs of Motion govern an Accusative and then in signifies into otherwise they govern an Ablative 2. Subter under indifferently either Accusative or Ablative 3. Super upon Accusative or Ablative super about Ablative only 4. Glam unknown to now generally an Ablative formerly an Accusative as also Clanculum The Boy jumped under the Waters to gather pebble-stones for his play-fellows He cast his Book into the fire The Girl gathered Herbs under the Hedge and brought her Mother those Herbs and fine Flowers The man in that House offered me Pears and Plumbs My Unkle brought my Brother Money and he ran away into the Woods I slept under a form in the School and my Mother sent me there my dinner If I had staid under the Shades I would have slept and sleep would have given me rest My Father lent my Unkle a great sum of money in the White-Parlour My Brother came to me in the Fields and struck me with his fist The Dog is under the Table The Hare is under the Bush The Horse treads upon the Grass with his Feet The Father asks concerning his Son My Mother procured money for me unknown to my Father The Water lies upon the Earth and the Air lies upon the Water The Wives of the Soldiers ask concerning their Husbands My Cousin is a naughty Boy for he ran away from School unknown to my Father and his Master and he was seen to strike the Servant-Maid with a great stone and to buy keys for a Thief and to take money out of my Father's pocket Some Recapitulatory Exercises 1. A Brave Soldier is a Kingdom 's Glory and resolves to purchase Honour to himself by his Sword through bloody Rivers 2. A Skilful Shoemaker knows how to fit a Shoe to a Ladies Foot with his Hand and Glove without other Instruments And a Skilful Shoemaker is a great Artist 3. The Grace of God is a man's happiness and abides without riches after losses in great dangers and is believed to afford true comfort to God's worshippers by its excellent virtue 4. Every sort of happiness abounds to the diligent man and men have been observed to conquer difficult labours by diligence and to be praised for their industry Industry is a great virtue 5. If you will send me your Verses I will lend you my Themes and will endeavour to provide a Dictionary for you and procure you other Books Learning is the Ornament of a man's Life and is acquired by labour and study 6. The Spring is a pleasant time for then we see Nature to be renewed by the cherishing beams of the Sun and then we see the Trees to sprout and the Gardens to bring forth Flowers for the laborious Bee 7. I struck my Sister with a Stick and was forced to flie into the Woods where I observed Corn to grow for the Husband-man and green Grass for the Cattel The Fruits of the Field are God's gifts But when I had tarried there a while I returned to my Parents and submitted my self to their mercy and they forgave me my offence 8. When my dear Mother unknown to my Father shall send me money I will pay my Creditors their Debts and will provide a Supper for my Friends in my Chamber without the consent of my Brother or my Master's leave and will give my Friends gifts with my own hands 9. A valiant General is a strong Rock without fear or baseness and resolves to fight against his enemies and procure a firm and stable Peace for his King and Countrey by his victorious Sword and always is known to grant his suppliant enemies their life and never to offer his Friend any unkindness 10. A Merchant-man sails to the remote parts of the World by the help of the Winds through Waves and Dangers in great Storms besides Rocks and Quicksands among the Barbarians far from his Children and sends his Wife gifts with his Friends in his Ship When he hath obtained good success according to his wish he rejoices to prepare rewards for the laborious Sea-men 11. Courage and Conduct bring men Victory Victory gladdens the minds of the Soldiers Stout Soldiers rejoyce to subdue Nations by Arms and War oftentimes is a necessary evil And when men conquer they reap the fruits of their pains Crowns are formed for a conquering General 's head 12. Careful Parents lie in Bed without sleep or rest and study to provide Arts for their Sons and Portions for their Daughters They give them learning and manners and buy them necessary Books and when their Children offend they correct them with stripes The care of Parents is the happiness of Children Exercises fitted to Lilly's Concords and Rules together with Observations upon them 1. Concord VErbum Personale cohaeret cum Nominativo Numero persona The Verb Personal agrees with his Nominative Case-in Number and Person We mourn I live Thou lovest He doth learn Ye had found They will fall The Clock strikes The Master readeth Boys should attend ye play The Preacher preacheth ye do not hear Parents love Children fear Scholars obey Masters teach Truants are despised Diligence is praised A man fights Men conquer A fool laugh'd The fool was laughed at Nominativus primae vel secundae Personae rarissime exprimitur nisi causa discretionis c. In Verbis quorum significatio ad homines tantum pertinet c. Note 1. Ego tu ille nos vos illi when the Englâ—â—â— of any of these is the Nominâ—tive Case to a Verb Latin must not be exprest but understood unless there be an emphasis or distinction in the word e. g I love not thee because thou beatest me I will punish him because he played Thou art foolish he is wise Note 2. Sometimes there be two or more Nominative Cases before one Verb which have the word and between them sometimes understood and all belong to one Verb and in such Case the Verb following must be of the Plural Number and of such Persons as the more worthy Nominative Case Now the Pronoun of the first Person is more worthy than the second or third and the second more worthy than the third of which third Person are all Nominative Cases except ego nos tu vos My Brother and I will play Thou and I did learn The Cloak the Paper and the Knife were found Thou and thy Father are observed Non semper vox Casualis est Verbo Nominationae c. Note 3. Tho' a Substantive Noun or Pronoun be usually the Nomnative Case to a Verb yet not
always but sometimes a Verb of the Infinitive Mood and then the Adjective if there be any after the Verb must be the Neuter Gender if it have no Substantive to agree with To lye is not lawful To cheat is not safe To play is not profitable To neglect hurteth To rest strengthneth To jeer fretteth Aliquando Oratio c. and sometimes a whole sentence which hath always an Infinitive Mood in it e. g. To sleep long is not wholsom To despise Admonitions destroyeth Boys To be vexed because of losses consumeth To teach others teacheth the Teachers 2. Concord ADjectivum cum Substantivo genere numero causa Concordat Every Adjective must be of the same Case Gender and Number with the Substantive to which it belongs which answers to who or what A Diltgent Master instructeth attentive Scholars A godly Son rejoyceth an happy Father A needy man findeth few Friends A small Family requireth little preparation A good Exercise deserveth great praise Rash Counsel hindreth great gain Ad eundem modum Participia c. A Pronoun or Participle must agree with the Substantive as if it were an Adjective e. g. My good Master correcteth his own Son Thy torn Book hath not my Lesson Our Form fighting lost the promised reward Your Man-Servant running threw down my Brother standing A fighting Cock fears not his crowing Enemy A neighing Horse despiseth the Darts flying A raging multitude breaketh setled peace Note 2. Sometimes in a sentence there is an Adjective which hath no Substantive to agree with and which hath this sign the before it as if it self were a Substantive In such Case that Adjective must be always the Masculine Gender because the word man or men is always understood if it stand before a Veb it must be the Nominative Case if after a Verb the Accusative and for its Number it is for the most part such as the Verb which it either cometh before or after e. g. The Industrious are praised but the slothsul are punished The righteous findeth peace but the wicked shall seel torment The covetous despiseth the poor but the liberal cherisheth him The wise seeketh greater wisdom but the fool despiseth understanding The merciful and kind shall find mercy but the cruel shall be recompenced Note 3. Sometimes the word thing or things comes after an Adjective and is the Substantive to it but in such Cases you must rather omit making any Latin for thing and only put the Adjectives into the Neuter Gender and make it such Case and Number as res should have been if it had been exprest e. g. It is a pleasant thing to see the Sun It is a more pleasant thing to see God It is a most cruel thing to kill Infants To Exercise Clemency is a most generous thing To play little to sleep little to learn much to rise early are very excellent things To despise the wicked and to love the good are things commendable Note 4. Sometimes two or three Substantives with and between them have but one Adjective which hath relation to them all in such Case the Adjective must be the Plural Number and in Gender must agree with that which is of the most worthy the Masculine is more worthy than the Feminine or Neuter and the Feminine more worthy than the Neuter Except in things which have no life and there the Neuter is most worthy e.g. My Father and Mother are pious My Brother and Sister are idle Thy Paper and thy Pen-knife are bad My Exercise and my Lesson are profitable Our Man-servant and Maid-servant and I are good and shall have rewards Thou thy Master and thy Mistress have been kind and merit my greatest thanks 3. Concord RElativum cum Anticedente Concordat Genere Numero Persona The Relative Qui agreeth with his Antecedent in Gender Number and Person e. g. 1. The good Boy which 2. The honest Nurse which Quoties nullus Nominativus inerseritur inter Relativum Verbum c. 1. The Relative must not agree with the Antecedent in Case but must be the Nominative Case to a Verb if it stand immediately before a Verb and no other Noun or Pronoun between it and the Verb be the Nominative Case to it e. g. That Woman is loved which Woman hath a fair face That Girl is lovely which Girl bought me my Knife That Servant is trusty which Servant brought me my Breakfast That Hat begins to be torn which Hat covers my Brother's Head That man is a Butcher which Man struck my Father with a Stone That Preacher is honoured which Preacher knows how to prepare Divine Comforts for the Soul I love that School-fellow which School-fellow lent me Books I who found your Book The Master is honoured which taketh pains Thou art condemned who despisest thy Mother He had greatest praise that said the longest part The godly Father that instructeth his wicked Son delivereth himself The Rebellious Scholar that despiseth his Master vexeth his Master but he destroyeth himself The wicked that fear not God will blame their own folly hereafter The rewards which are promised shall be given if the works that are required be done At si Nominativus Relativo Verbo interponatur c. 2. But if between the Relative and the Verb there stand a Noun or Pronoun Substantive which answers to the Question who or what made by the Verb then the Relative must be either 1. Such Case as the Verb requireth after him which is in the same Sentence with the Relative which Sentence ought in writing proper English to be distinguished by a Comma before and after it if it will answer the Question whom or what made by the Verb e. g. 1. The Boy will die that thou hast beaten 2. The Horse was very good that my Father sold 3. The Comedy which we acted was pleasant 4. The Boy whom learning delighteth will win love and shall be honoured 5. The diligent Master whom the Boys observe maketh his Scholars learned but he whom his own Scholars despise laboureth in vain 6. That foul Vice which men embrace most greedily is most hurtful 2. Or if any other word stand between it and the Verb besides the Nominative Case to the Verb or stand before it and the Verb which requires a Case then the Relative doth not follow the Verb but is to be put in such Case as that other word governs e. g. 1. The House whose Foundation is not strong will fall when the wind bloweth 2. The praise for which thon strivest shall not be given because thou dost not exercise thy utmost strength If whose be the English of the Relative the Relative must be the Genitive Case e. g. 1. The man whose fame is lost is miserable 2. The Boys whose Lesson is hardest apply the greater industry If a Preposition come before the Relative the Relative is governed of that e. g. The mark to which the Horse runs endeth the Horses labour In other Cases it hath commonly some signs
accuse me of Cujus criminis accusat me Frater A. Of most abominable things De turpissimis Exc. 3. Fallit denique cum per possessiva c. When the Answer to a Question is the English of a Pronoun Possessive meus tuus suus c. it must not be made by the same Case with the Interrogative word in the Question but the same with a Noun Substantive therein whatsoever it be agreeing with it in Case Gender and Number e. g. 1. Q. Whose Inkhorn hast thou A. My own 2. Q. Whose Key is that A. Thine 3. Whose Paper do you take A. Our own In Interrogative Sentences the accusative Case which must follow the Verb or any other Case that must be governed of it usually stands before both the Verb and its Nominative Case the remembrance of which will be helpful in rendring any of the former examples Note 2. In Sentences where a Question is asked if it be asked by a Verb only and no Pronoun interrogative in the Sentence the Interrogative Conjunction nè must be added to the Verb but if there be a Pronoun Interrogative then nè must not be joyned to the Verb e. g. 1 Q. What have you done A. Made our Exercise 2 Q. Hast thou lost thine honour A. I have lost it but I will regain it But if there be in the sentence non nunquam or almost any other Adverb or if there be not an Adverb any other Pronoun beside an Interrogative nè must not be joined to the Verb but to the Adverb or Pronoun e g. 1. Did not Alexander behave himself valiantly who alone leaped into a City amongst his Enemies when his own Soldiers were not with him 2 Q. Wilt thou never cease to thirst after revenge which dishonoureth a Christian A. Christ commandeth to love our Enemies and shall I his Servant despise my Master's Laws I will hereafter obey 3. Shall this Drunkard bewitch thee shall that Gamester entice thee And when nè is to be joined to the Verb the Nominative Case must always be after the Verb e. g. 1 Q. Was Cicero the most eloquent of Orators 2 Q. Did Virgil excel the other Latin Poets Adjectives governing a Dative Case Reg. 1. ADjectiva quibus commodum aut incommodum c. Adjectives betokening profit or disprofit meetness or unmeetness pleasure or displeasure submitting relation due friendship hatred resistance difficulty likeness or unlikeness and nearness if a Noun come after them require it to be put in the Dative Case e.g. 1. He that is guilty of theft and yet denies his fault is a liar and is too like the Devil 2. Virtue is pleasant to the righteous it is profitable to all that love it How foolish are they that will not traverse pleasant paths 3. Reverence is due to God the King of all the world Honour is due to Kings because God hath commanded that we be obedient to them 4. He is near death that is very sick yet thinks himself well 5. A loud noise is inconvenient for learners it is prejudicial to study it is hard for one Boy to learn whiles another that sits next him bawls A silent School is very helpful for learning Ex. quaedam ex his quae similitudinem significant c. Par and similis have sometimes a Genitive Case of the Substantive coming after them which yet is not to be imitated as equally regular with the Dative Natus commodus incommodus c. Adjectives betokening profit fitness as aptus commodus also natus habilis promptus opportunus proclivis assuetus expositus when any of these have a Noun after them which signifies the purpose end or thing to or for which they will rather have such a Noun to be put in the Accusative Case with ad tho the same Adjective If a Noun or Pronoun follow betokening a person require a Dative 1. I desire not to be near him that is near to the top of wickedness 2. That servant is not fit for me that is unfit for labour he is convenient for me that hath strength and understanding convenient for work 3. He that is forward to vice is exposed to the Devil's temptation for that enemy of mankind is ready to mischief and rejoiceth when he findeth a mind moveable to wickedness It is a lamentable thing that men of excellent wits are most prone to wickedness Reg. 2. Huc referuntur Nomina ex Con c. 2. Nouns derived of others and beginning with con require a Dative Case of the Noun following them Many were Fellow-Soldiers with Jason when he fetch'd the Golden Fleece many were Companions with him but he bore away the Glory of the Enterprise Note Communis hath usually after it a Dative rarely a Genitive and when two persons or things follow it with and between them that and must not be made by et but by cum with an Ablative Death is common to me and thee to men and women to young and old The Grave is an House common to all Creatures Note 4. Alienus immunis proprius and superstes require a Dative Case after them sometimes but seldom a Genitive and sometimes alienus and immunis an Ablative with a Preposition a or ab Boys may indifferently make the Dative or Ablative 1. A Conscience free from Guilt laughs at false accusers fear is proper to offenders 2. Glory surviveth good men Death taketh not their Crown away Let us not therefore practice wickedness as if we were desirous after ignominy and disgrace the off-spring of sin We were born to greater things we have Souls capable of happiness let us embrace Virtue which will make happy whiles we live and for ever but some men will always be far from noble desires let them have their sought ruin Adjectives governing an Accusative Case Reg. 1. MAgnitudinis mensura subjicitur c. The Substantive betokening measure and which usually in English comes before seldom after these Adjectives long hard thick high deep big such Substantive must be put in the Accusative Case to be governed of the Adjective 1. A Well fifty foot deep giveth not good water if it have bad Springs 2. The walls of Babylon a City of Chaldea were two hundred foot high some write that they were three hundred foot and seventy-five foot thick 3. A Walk an hundred yards long and five yards broad which hath Trees planted on each side is pleasant for those that would recreate themselves Exc. 1. Interdum in Ablativo c. The word of measure or quantity is sometimes put in the Ablative Case seldom in the Genitive Adjectives governing an Ablative Case Reg. 1. ADjectiva quae ad Copiam egestatemve pertinet c. Adjectives that betoken plenty or wanting as poor destitute empty full rich void and such-like which have after them the signs of or in require the Noun following such signs to be put into the Ablative Case 1. He whose Bags are empty of money hath an House empty of friends and a Coat full
Son he willingly returned the promised seed to him that gave it But the Angel of God suffered not him to slay the Child but told him how acceptable his designed obedience was to God 2. God speaketh to sinners sometimes most gently that he may draw them to obedience he tells them of that blessed life which he hath prepared for his servants sometimes he speaketh more terrible things and tells them of the abyss which shall be the reward of sin yet his promises and threatnings move not stubborn minds Reg. 8. Verba Obsequendi Repugnandi c. 8. Verbs of obeying meeting helping except juvo resisting submitting require the Substantive following whether a person or a thing to be put in the Dative Case 1. He that resisteth his own evil inclination obeyeth God the Captain that conquereth a stubborn enemy is worthy of Laurel but he that subdueth himself is worthy of greater praise for man's heart is more obstinate than the proudest foe 2. They that disagree with their Neighbours procure to themselves much hatred quarrels profit no body they hurt all men peace is the most desirable of blessings a man of a good spirit meeteth his enemy without hatred and returneth him kindness instead of revenge Note Repugno to resist governs a Dative Case Oppugno of the same signification an accusative Reg. 9. Verba minandi irascendi c. 9. Irascor to be angry with governs a Dative Case Minor to threaten a Dative of the Person and an accusative of the judgment or punishment threatned with 1. God is angry with the wicked and threatneth them with most dreadful torments it is not an unjust thing that those who offend an infinite God of infinite goodness suffer endless misery those sinners are happy whom God meeteth and stoppeth in the way of wickedness 2. I am angry at thy sloth beware lest thou feel the punishment which I threatned thee with offenders are most worthy of recompence Reg. 10. Ignosco pareo indulgeo govern always a Dative and no other Case remitto signifying to pardon or forgive hath always relation to a fault or offence mentioned after it and requires that word of the offence to be made always in the accusative Case and if besides that a person be express'd the person must be the Dative 1. A merciful Prince pardoneth disobedient Subjects but if they pay him not due thanks and resist his will afterward they are called ungrateful and though he forgave the former offence yet he will not pardon them their ingratitude for they are unworthy of his Clemency The gracious Prince whose heart is full of mercy yet sometimes punisheth lest his patience encourage offenders to greater attempts 2. A Master passeth-by the Scholar's neglect but if he always forgive him at length he becometh bold and uncapable of amendment the best amongst Boys transgresseth but crimes often repeated are signs of a stubborn mind Reg. 11. Sum cum compositis c. 11. Sum requires a Dative Case after it of the Noun following it which hath to or for before it and sometimes when such sign is not express'd so that the Noun following it seems to be the Nominative that Nominative may be turned into a Dative 1. Vertue is for an ornament no part of beauty is wanting to him that is endowed with it 2. A Wall is a defence but the courage of the Inhabitants is the strongest Bulwark Reg. 12. Dativum postulant Verba c. 12. Verbs compounded with the Adverbs satis benè malè and the Preposition prae ad con sub ante post ob in inter super require a Dative Case after them 1. I prefer Virtue before Gold because it is better by much money cannot satisfie the mind of men but virtue is a portion to it self 2. Cruel Lords lay heavy burdens upon their slaves and never pity their weakness 3. He that putteth a feeble horse under an heavy load is an enemy to himself for his horse will be wearied and the burthen will be left in the road 4. Vice creepeth upon us under the name of virtue prodigality taketh to it self the name of bounty covetousness desireth to be called thriftiness cruelty exerciseth its bitterness under the shew of magnanimity revenge seems like greatness of spirit pride calleth it self neatness all vices sometimes bear the shew of virtue The Sun shineth without difference upon the just and unjust but the just have the light of God's countenance which yieldeth them greater comfort than the enlightner of the day Exc. 1. Sed praeeo praevinco praecedo c. 1. Praeeo praevinco praecedo praecurro praeverto will have an accusative Allatro antesto attendo condono illudo insulto praestolor a Dative or an Accusative 1. That Scholar that excelleth his companion shall stand before him 2. God preventeth the designs of men many times they act things quite contrary to that which they purposed 3. Envious Zoilus barketh at famous men that merit praise and excel him but the losty spirit mocks at envy Exc. 2. Confero conduco accedo applico converto govern rather an accusative with ad than a Dative e. g. 1. He that cometh near-to God receiveth the good things which he asketh 2. He that turneth his affections from the folly of sin to the wisdom of righteousness is wise 3. A Physician applieth different remedies to different bodies the same medicine that easeth one man prejudiceth another though both be sick of the same disease Exc. 3. Aspicio invenio admiror alloquor adjuvo invado obeo subeo occido adjuro impedio require only an accusative Case after them e. g. 1. He that findeth wisdom is richer than the greatest Prince 2. Princes greedy of glory invade foreign Countries but those that are content with their own Kingdoms live most quietly 3. Some men not only despise the Law of God but hinder others that seem forward to virtue they are of devilish wickedness that not only destroy themselves but are like the Devil because they tempt others and invite them to eternal misery Exc. 4. Interdico to forbid governs a Dative of the person and ablative of the thing Supersedeo only ablative Reg. 12. Est pro habeo Dativum c. Rule 12. When you find the English word have which seems as if it ought to be made by habeo you may make use of the Verb sum es fui instead of habeo and then the word that seems to be the Nominative Case to habeo must be the Dative governed of sum and the word which should have been the accusative if it had been made by habeo must be the Nominative e. g. 1. The Smith hath a black face but his gain recompenceth his dirtiness he hath white money Men are willing to any labours which produce profit he that will give men money may perswade men to all undertakings 2. Those men that have most money obtain the greatest reverence amongst men Virtue is most worthy of honour but riches are preferred-before Honesty Few
understand the excellency of Virtue but wise men esteem him whose mind is adorned with the best wisdom more than him whose store-houses are full of all sorts of Treasures Note Suppetit hath the very same construction and is used likewise for habeo Reg. 13. Sum cum multis aliis c. Rule 13. Sum do duco verto tribuo habeor may have after them two Dative Cases one of which is of that Noun which should be the Nominative or Accusative to follow the Verb the other of a Noun which hath to or for before it e. g. 1. A faithful Subject is a defence to the Prince he resisteth him not but preferreth his Prince's safety before his own life he oeyeth his commands 2. A broad Trench is a security to the Army but neither valour nor walls are able to preserve those whose lives have come to their appointed measure 3. Pleasure is accounted an happiness to him whose mind unworthy things satisfie but the Soul of the wise is not content with earthly things Verbs governing an Accusative Case Reg. 1. VErba Transitiva c. Rule 1. Verbs Transitives and such are all those by which the Question whom or what may be asked whether Active Deponent or Common require the word answering to the Question whom or what to be of the accusative Case e. g. 1. Shake-off sloth which is the worst enemy to Boys and Men leave-off vanity and play which only please the fancy they profit not the mind apply thy self to thy Studies which will give thee a Crown of honour let not idle Boys Examples hinder thy diligence obey thy Master and thou shalt be free from fear 2. Speak few words it is not meet for Boys to talk silence becometh youth hearken to all things which the Master speaketh remember his words and forget not his Admonitions which are profitable for thee Reg. 2. Quinetiam Verba quamlibet c. Rule 2. Verbs Neuter may have an accusative Case after them when the Substantive which cometh after them is of a like signification with the Verb e. g. 1. He that serveth the Devil serveth an hard service the pleasures of sin are full of bitterness but he that pleaseth God is his own Friend the Service of God is the most perfect liberty 2. Scholars live a wearisome life as they think but idleness is the cause why study is irksome to them the pathe of Learning are smooth but slothful Drones think-them rough and unpassable Reg. 3. Sunt quae figurate c. Rule 3. Verbs betokening an Exercise of some sense as oleo spiro sono govern an accusative Case after them though they be Neuters and never any other Case 1. The Drunkard smelleth of wine the proud man smelleth of perfumes 2. The angry man breatheth revenge against his Enemies he thirsteth-after the destruction of those that oppose him and injure him Reg. 4. Verba rogandi docendi c. Rule 4. Verbs of entreating teaching admonishing and induo and celo require two accusative Cases after them one of a person another of a thing 1. Ask pardon of God who forgiveth penitent sinners there is no one that sinneth not the best of men sin frequently and have need of pardon 2. A Saint relying upon the merits of Christ is thousand times more happy than the man whose mind is full of vain hopes while he trusteth to his own righteousness Christ teacheth Christians faith besides obedience 3. He that concealeth his faults from men and putteth over his crimes a covering of lies displeaseth God and addeth a greater fault to his other impieties Rogandi Verba c. After Verbs of asking the accusative Case of the person may be turn'd into an ablative with a or ab 1. Ask not a kindness of thine Enemy lest he injure thee when thou expectest benefit he is a fool that trusteth his Enemy tho' he smile upon him the gift of Enemies are deceitful it is a dangerous thing to trust every Friend 2. A Beggar beggeth a farthing of a covetous man but he hath greater need than the poorest Servant he is not content with his present abundance â—â—t is greedy after greater riches the largest treasures which satisfie not the desire do not keep-off poverty he is poor that coveteth more he that is covetous is poorer than a Beggar Rule 5. Those Verbs Passives will have an accusative Case after them whose adjectives would have two accusatives Thou shalt be taught better manners for thou art of saucy behaviour which will not be concealed from the Master who will be very angry with thee Verbs governing an ablative Case Reg. 1. QUodvis Verbum admittit Ablativum c. Rule 1. All manner of Verbs require the ablative Case of a Noun following them which betokens the instrument wherewith a thing is to be done without a Preposition which Noun hath commonly the sign with or by before it in the English 1. He that correcteth a Child with the Rod doth him good but he that spareth him always is guilty of all the Crimes which the foolish youth committeth afterwards They are Enemies to Children that suffer them to do evil unpunished It is a more desirable thing to recall Children to obedience by severity than to let loose the reins upon their necks 2. Learning is attained by Study not by sloth and sleep which blunt the edg of the wit intermission helpeth the mind but idleness hurteth it he that studieth with his utmost endeavour cometh to wisdom Note If to the English Particle with together may be joyned with safety to the Sense then with signifies company and must be rendred in Latin by cum with an ablative case after it 1. He that walketh friendly with his Friend and yet suddenly stabs him with a Dagger is like the Syrenes which with their sweet Musick allure men to destruction 2. With flattering words a wicked Woman enticeth a silly youth who relying upon hopes of pleasure goeth with her but at-length his flesh and his liver are consumed with an hidden fire he perisheth together with her whom he loved and shall after this life be tormented with her with most sharp tortures the just rewards of his forbidden actions Rule 2. Verbs require after them an ablative Case of the Noun which betokens the cause or reason or motive which hath at or for before it 1. The Master that beateth a Boy his Scholar for the sake of his own Son before he have examined the matter is unjust whilst he waxed pale with rage against him whom he punisheth he becometh guilty of rashness A prudent Master heareth before-that he judgeth he is impartial 2. The man that is contemptible for the shape of his Body is oftentimes honourable for the endowments of his mind 3. A man of true valour is not moved at the report of war he undertaketh it upon just reasons and preferreth his honour before his life Rule 5. Verbs have after them an ablative case of the Noun Substantive which betokens the manner how and
that he taught them nothing except that which tended to faithfulness to his Prince and the publick Peace he desireth that every-one that he instructeth may become a Common good and may deserve as-well-as-may-be of mankind Note If no adverb come after mereor but some other word with of of must be made by a or ab Over-fond Parents many-times destroy their Children and tho' reverence and obedience is due to Parents yet their foolish indulgence deserveth very ill of the Children who afterwards feel its evil event when it hath brought them to misery so that they deserve not at-all thanks of them Rule 9. Of after a Verb must be made by the ablative case always except the Verb belong to that Rule viz. Verba accusandi damnandi monendi c. and sometimes even after those must be rendred in Latin by de ex a or ab 1. A wise man scorneth not to take advice of those than whom he is wiser by many degrees for fools sometimes speak wisely he obeyeth not all Councellors but he heareth all things patiently and practiseth that which he thinketh most profitable to his business 2. A good man learneth good of all men of the wicked he learneth the odiousness of sin for he observeth how greatly it deformeth them he learneth to avoid the vices which they practice for he seeth the misery which vice createth to them and foreseeth the eternal sorrow which will succeed it of good men he learneth virtue for he striveth to imitate them he endavoureth to be like those that learn of Christ who always pleased his heavenly Father Note Of is sometimes the same with concerning and must then be rendred only by de 1. A wise man heareth many things of other men but he believeth not report which is a liar he thinketh worst of himself best of his neighbour 2. He that heareth of a great treasure soon striveth to obtain it but when the Ambassadors of God speak of eternal riches men regard not the message as if they were worth nothing Note Of between two Noun Substantives is sometimes the same with concerning and must not be rendred by the Genitive Case of the Noun but by de Among Children sometimes we see the hottest contention about the smallest trifles and among fools we find many times a long discourse of the most ridiculous matters a long talk of nothing is acceptable to a silly mind but for the most part a wise man's words are of weighty affairs Reg. 10. Verbis quae vim comparationis obtinet c. Rule 10. Verbs of comparing and exceeding require after them an ablative case of the Noun which signifieth the measure by how much or the thing wherein e.g. 1. Labour is many degrees wholsomer than sloth the one enfeebleth the strength of the body and the perception of the mind the other is wholsom both for mind and body 2. He is honestly ambitious that laboureth to excel all his equals in wisdom and virtue no other contention is good Reg. 11. Quibuslibet verbis additur Ablativus c. Rule 11. A Noun or Pronoun Substantive joined with a Participle or with another Substantive before which being is expressed or understood and having none other word whereof it can be governed shall be put in the ablative case absolute i. e. not depending upon any word but it self 1. Death approaching the Soul which never before believed God's word concerning Eternity sees future things with greatest clearness and conscience accusing the man condemns himself and commonly too late blameth his own folly then he sees the hell that God threatned him with and which he shall quickly feel 2. God being teacher men shall learn for nothing can resist the Divine power which effecteth whatsoever it designeth They are happy that learn of so wise an instructor Note When you have the English of any of these words viz. Dum quum quando si quanquam the Substantive next following which seems to be the Nominative Case to a Verb may more elegantly be put in the ablative Case and the Participle used to agree with it instead of the Verb. 1. When God punisheth the World trembleth and wicked men are sometimes taught the fear of God by his voice from heaven but some men are of so obstinate minds that nothing can move them tho God bestow all mercies on them goodness doth not perswade them and tho' they feel his anger they will not obey him The hardest rock is softer than the hearts of men 2. When God calleth men answer him not and therefore he threatneth them with a refusal when they cry unto him But he filleth with blessings those that ask his mercy with all their hearts unfeignedly Reg. 12. Passivis additur c. Rule 12. Verbs passive have after them an ablative case of the Noun which betokens the doer with a or ab which Prepositions answer to the English signs of or by 1. He is beloved of all that is of courteous behaviour but he is more hateful than the Pestilence that when he speaketh smooth words thinketh evil whose heart disagreeth with his tongue 2. The hearts of men are full of deceit the most wise man knows not himself sufficiently the thoughts of men are throughly known only by God who made the heart and seeth all its secrets and will call men to Judgment the most hidden things shall hereafter be laid open by him that seeth all things Exc. quorum Participia sequentius c. The Participles of Verbs Passive require after them rather a Dative of the doer than an Ablative e. g. The news of his own Son's death being heard by the Philosopher when his sudden lamentation was expected by his Friends he only said I knew that I begat him mortal he did not become pale or languid with sorrow he did not faint in his mind he was not presently sick of grief he seemed a man of an unshaken mind As for other words after a Passive sc all besides such as betoken a doer or sufferer they must be the same case which the Verb Active requires Rule 13. Vapulo veneo liceo exulo fio are called Neuter Passives and have the same Case after them that Passives have sc an Ablative of the doer or sufferer with à or ab 1. Cicero the famous Roman Orator a man of greatest eloquence was banished by Clodius but the image and memory of his excellent virtues remained among the Citizens who valued so great a man at a great rate He was recalled from his Exile he was called the Father of his Country which title properly belongeth only to Kings His Works are prized by all learned men highly 2. The Boy is deservedly beaten by his Master that whilst he readeth many Authors of whom he may learn Eloquence Elegancy and Moral Precepts which conduce to his profit beside the meer Latin words yet only readeth and remembreth nothing Of the Construction of the English Infinitive Mood Reg. 1. QUibusdam tum Verbis tum Adjectivis
to them must be rendred in Latin by the Subjunctive Mood with the Relative qui. 1. He is unworthy to live that liveth only for himself A wise man is a common good who consulteth for the benefit of others who endeavours to do good to all But yet he is not to be commended that as a busie-body searcheth out those things which do not belong to him The middle way is most safe He is truly wise that neither neglecteth his duty towards his Neighbour nor medleth with other mens private affairs Those men are unfit to have the name of Friends that search out the conditions other men not that they may help them but that they may know and divulge them 2. He is unfit to enjoy riches who doth not use them God giveth men riches that they may serve him with them but they abuse the greatest plenty Their unsatiable desires provoke them to unjust methods to increase their substance He is more happy that whilst poverty lesseneth his power to do good striveth to serve God with his utmost ability than him that whilest he hath opportunity to do much good doth nothing he is worthy to lose that which he useth not Reg. 13. When the English Infinitive Mood Active cometh after a Noun Adjective which Adjective governs an Accusative case with the Preposition ad such Infinitive Mood must be rendred in Latin by the Gerund in dum with ad 1. Reveal not thy miseries to any except to those that can help thee Many are ready to ask How dost thou do that are not forward to help on thy welfare Believe not all that say they pity thee Trust a true friend if thou be sure to find such a one that will pity thee and will be forward to use his greatest endeavours to free thee of thy trouble 2. Advise thy friend most warily lest thou injure him and he accuse thee of enmity Rash counsel is unprofitable to him that giveth and to him that receiveth it Be ready to hear careful to contrive but slow to speak 3. It is hard to move him that is accustomed to do evil Custom is equal to Nature for strength and perswasion Admonitions instructions threatnings promises fears are ineffectual to banish vice from a mind in which it hath a long time dwelt 4. It is strange to be observed how earnestly boys endeavour to cheat themselves whilst they think they only cheat their Master They are sent to School to get learning but they invent arts to escape saying their Lessons whereby they continue Blockheads and never come to learning They go to School to be instructed but they are glad if the Master forget to call them though he very seldom please them so When they are to give an account of their Authors they have brains ready to invent little tricks to supply their neglect whereby they strive to impose upon the Master who yet is faithful and findeth out their craft When they have committed a fault and are to be punished they endeavour to excuse themselves with lies or to appease the Master's anger by promises which they never perform Parents buy them Books to read in and they are capable to understand them but they read idle trifles when they should study They desire nothing more than to stay away from School they shun their own benefit and covet their own loss but when they come to man's-estate they see they were their own Enemies The Construction of the Participle Reg. 1. PArticipia regunt casus verborum c. Latin Participles govern such cases as the Verbs of which they come except Participles in dus which govern a Dative case after them though the Verb which they come of govern an ablative 1. Virtue to be preferred before the purest Gold is valued at a low rate and virtuous men are despised of many but they enjoying inward peace and tranquility pity the greatest men who are loaden with wealth and yet are miserable because they want the chief happiness of man 2. How many men are like the brutish Swine that prefer dirt and mire before the cleanest Palace they despise Jewels and gather up Pebbles they are content with sordid Earth despising Heavenly things wanting wisdom to distinguish Exc. 1. Participiorum voces cum fiunt c. When the English of a Participle may form all the degrees of Comparison the Latin Participle then becomes of the nature of a Noun Adjective and requires the Substantive following it to be put in the Genitive case whatsoever case the Verb governed 1. That Master is most loving to his Scholars that will not suffer them to loiter nor will give them too much time to play that restraineth them from evil by the severest Laws that giveth them rewards when they are worthy of them but yet punisheth their wilful idleness when nothing else will amend them 2. A Friend that reproveth of errors is preferred before him that flattereth with his lips the wounds of a Friend are more healing to a man than the smooth words of a flattering Enemy Exc. 2. Exosus perosus pertaesus c. 2. Pertaesus weary a Participle requires an accusative case after it So also exosus and perosus when they signifie hating but when they signifie hated by or hateful to they require a Dative case 1. Judges hating bribes and covetousness are hated by those whose guilt prompts them to avoid the stroke of Justice but they are chosen by wise Princes For unspotted Justice is the best Friend to Royal Power 2. He is hated of all hateful to God and Men that useth a double tongue he is certainly a dissembler whose words are changed according to occasion he is a friend to no body he always dispraiseth those whom he seems to admire he speaketh good to all whispereth evil of all his mouth disagreeth with his heart All men become weary of his company those that sometimes thought him a Friend soon begin to distrust him for he is void of common honesty Exc. 1. Natus prognatus satus c. Exc. 1. Natus prognatus satus cretus ortus editus creatus Participles of Verbs passive require an Ablative Case without a Preposition whereas their Verbs require an Ablative with a Preposition 1. A Son born of honest Parents is more worthy than him that sprung from a wicked rich-man 2. Man sprung from the dust by his creation hath many times his mind fastned to the earth nor doth he mount from thence till Wisdom instruct his choice 3. A man hating Vice is more beautiful in the sight of God than him that is adorned with glittering Robes but indulgeth sin which God hateth who loveth Virtue sprung from Heaven Reg. 2. Gerundia in do pendent c. Rule 2. The English Participle in ing coming after a Preposition Verb or Adjective which govern an Ablative Case the word that seemeth to be the Participle must be rendred by the Gerund in do if after an Adjective or Verb having of with or by after them without a
Preposition if after any other English with it N. B. Gerunds govern the same Case with their Verbs 1. He that is quickly weary of attending to the Minister preaching or tired with kneeling while the Master prayeth is a lazy and wicked boy he loveth not the Worship of God but hath his mind busied about playing while he seemeth to serve God 2. Idle Boys endeavour to allure others from studying but the diligent hearken not to their temptations for no good is gotten by neglecting It is better to displease idle play-fellows than to please them but every place is full of wicked boys who corrupt others and exhort them to various Vices 3. Boys learn by teaching others who are more ignorant than themselves by repeating over those things which they have formerly learned they fasten them more stedfastly in their memories They have need of all opportunities to call over past instructions for they are forward to forget them tho they be Boys of good wits and competent memories 4. Boys many times learn wisdom from observing the punishment of others but some refuse to be taught diligence that way their own experience only reduceth them to obedience Boys imitate men some become wise at other mens charge others at their own Experience is the best Mistress in all things but in sufferings altogether unwelcom 5. But amongst Boys as well as amongst Men others are obstinate in offending neither the experience of others will move them nor their own they wilfully sail in those Seas where they before scarcely escaped destruction Reg. 3. Gerundia in dum pendent c. Rule 3. When the English of the Participle of the present Tense cometh after the English of any Preposition which governeth an Accusative Case or after any Adjective which will have an Accusative after it with ad In such case the English Participle must be rendred in Latin by the Gerund in dum with the proper Preposition set before it 1. At eating Boys ought to sit still not to talk At saying Lesson none ought to speak but he that is appointed by the Master whose leave is to be asked before the Scholars betake themselves to pray 2. The Boy that is chastised because of truanting hath no cause to accuse the Master of severity he ought to blame himself and to resolve God helping that he will shake off idleness for the future Note 1. The English word must which may be rendred by oportet and another Verb of the Imperative Mood is also to be made into Latin by quite omitting any particular Latin for must and only turning the Verb following must into the Gerund in dum without a Preposition and setting the Verb est impersonally after the Gerund and then the Noun foregoing which seems to be the Nominative Case must be the Dative 1. They must strive with their utmost might that desire to become learned and to conquer the difficulties which they will meet all things that are excellent are difficult to be attained 2. The Soldier must fight valiantly that beareth a mind enflamed with a desire to conquer the enemy his Arm must procure him the Honour which his Heart wisheth for But sometimes secret stratagems and subtil policy defeat the most valiant Warriers Deceit sheddeth less blood and hath sometimes more success Exc. If must stand before a Verb irregular or a Verb passive which have no Gerunds oportet with the Infinitive Mood after it must be used and the word that seemeth to be the Nominative Case must be the Accusative 1. Children must be obedient to their Parents Children that grieve their Parents purchase to themselves a Curse they provoke God to deny to them that length of life which he hath promised to the dutiful or if he suffer Rebels to live he giveth them Children that shall revenge their Parents disobedience 2. Zeal is a fire whose flame proceedeth from the fire of Love but it must be confined within the bounds of truth Nothing is more dangerous than blind and false Zeal 3. In loving God we must not neglect our Neighbour the observation of the second Table of the Decalogue must be joyned with our care to keep the first He keepeth no Commandment truly that wilfully neglecteth one Reg. 4. Vertuntur Gerundii voces c. 2. Sometimes the English Participle which should be rendred by the Gerund according to the former Rules is otherwise Latined by turning the word that should be the Gerund into a Gerundive Adjective in dus and then that Adjective must agree with the Substantive next following which may be practised in this following Example viz. A desire to excel all others in Virtue and in good letters is a commendable ambition and a delight in obtaining praise is worthy of encouragement because it is a sign of an excellent mind but he is a wicked boy that applieth his thoughts only to out-going the worst in villany Such a contention is Diabolical Rule 4. The English Participle in ing must sometimes be Latined neither by the Participle nor Gerund but by a Noun Substantive which is when it hath a an or the before it and of after it or when it immediately follows an Adjective agreeing with it 1. The taking away Worldly Riches sometimes tendeth to the increasing of Spiritual Substance the impoverishing of the Body is the enriching of the Soul How imprudent are they that immoderately bewail losses No loss is really great except the loss of life-eternal 2. Frequent thinkings of those things that concern the Soul are necessary for the most tender years None can begin to serve God too soon none soon enough he that spendeth most time in the serving God shall have the greatest reward But Youth is not only full of Vanity but thinketh it may indulge Sin and Folly without blame as if there were some years of our life which we may devote to the Devil But what if our lives be taken from us before the expiring of those licentious years what an Eternity must we expect Shall those live with God who died before they began to live to him Rule 5. The English Participle in ing coming after a Verb of motion and having a before it is rendred by the first Supine like as the Infinitive Mood The man that goes a hunting hawking or visiting his Friends when necessary business requires his care and time prefers his Diversion before his Profit the Society of his Friends before the necessary Advantage of Himself and his Family Nor will any covet his Friendship that is not a Friend to himself 2. The Boy that goes with his School-fellows a playing when he ought to be diligent at the Task which the Master hath appointed him prefers Play before his Master's Love and his own Profit and when he is weary of Playing he will return to his Book but shall want time to prepare his appointed Exercises Rule 6. The Participle in ing after a Noun Substantive or Adjective that requires a Genitive Case must be made by the
thou wishest they should do to thee Do not tarry till thou receivest a kindness from another man only wait till a needful time and then help him though he be thine Enemy and have continued to injure thee many years together 3. It is not strange if Friends live peaceable together But it is a Christians duty to exercise amity towards his Enemy not only to pray for his Benefactors but for his Persecutors too Thou canst not observe this Rule too diligently 55. Whether answered by or is made by seu sive when it notes which of the two by uter 56. Soever is Latined by cunque added to the foregoing word And between it and the word to which it is added may elegantly be inserted another word 57. Yet answering to although is made by tamen noting hitherto or as yet by adhuc e. g. 1. A true Christian is happy whether he liveth or dieth when life and death are before him he is never in doubt whether he shall chuse The Glory of God determineth the matter 2. Not whosoever professeth himself Religious but whosoever is truly Religious is lovely in the sight of God Wheresoever that man dwells God is with him though he dies yet he shall live God never yet forsook his Servants 58. An usual error among Boys is caused by the Ambiguity of those words in the English Tongue viz. your and you Which in our Idiom are properly enough used in speaking either to one Person or to more than one but must be Latined differently the way therefore to avoid that mistake is only carefully to consider whether one Person be spoken to or more if the English words you yours refer only to one they must be rendred by tu tuus if two or more by vos vester 59. If you find an English of a Verb Passive and considering the Latin word find it to be the Deponent though that Deponent will sound like a Passive yet it must not be used as a Passive but the words somewhat altered so as to keep the same sence and yet make use of the Deponent or an in its stead e. g. 1. A wicked mans greatness is soon forgotten but the name of the righteous shall be remembred for ever 2. The Holy Name of God is abused by those that call themselves his Servants yet run greedily into all Debaucheries 3. The devices of the wisest men are frustrated by the wiser God 60. The signs of Cases are sometimes in English found by themselves at a distance from their proper word and in rendring such English must be reduced into their right place and not Latin words made for them separately e. g. 1. Good Instructions are as necessary as Food men honour those that they received good advice from in their tender years 2. Counsel hath its effect according to the man which it proceedeth from and the mind of him that it is given to but chiefly according to God's blessing 61. One another is made by alius repeated twice according to the Gender of the Substantives one with the other answering to it in another part of the Sentence is made by alter alter e. g. Water and Ice beget one another The one is liquid the other condensed The one is ready for use the other Servants melt over the fire But in coldness they resemble one another One-another may also be made by invicem an Adverb with se a Pronoun Let Boys render the former Examples both ways Larger English Exercises After the rendring Sentences not only according to the Rules of the Grammar but also of Particles and other things observable it will be time to proceed to continued discourses And before the rendring of English Dialogues Epistles or such like Exercises these few things may not be amiss to be premised for Observation in order to Boys acquitting themselves the more commendably in that concern viz. Obs 1. Relative Sentences are independent h. e. no word in a Relative Sentence is Governed of a Verb or Adjective which stands in another Sentence nor doth a word in any other Sentence depend upon any of the appurtenances of the Relative Obs 2. When a Pronoun of the third Person is the Antecedent to a Relative that Pronoun Antecedent is rather to be understood and only the Relative expressed as he that qui not ille qui that which quod not illud quod Obs 3. Verbs have many times some Particle or other which comes after them and is part of their signification For which no Latin is to be made only the Verb is to be taken notice of and which Particle is sometimes parted from its Verb by the interposure of some other words as lay burthens upon to rule with rigour over Obs 4. But in the beginning of a Sentence may be made by Sed but rather by autem or verò placed the Second Word in the Sentence Autem must never be the first Word nor verò Obs 5. Nam is Latin for for the first word of a Sentence but if enim be used it must be the Second word never the First Obs 6. Non especially must stand before the Verb and generally all Adverbs though the English of them stand after the Verb as I loved him not non amavi not amavi non Obs 7. Make not that English by two distinct words in Latin for which there may be found one which fully expresseth it as how great not quam magnus but quantus how often not quam saepe but quoties Obs 8. In rendring English into Latin make not rashly this or that word to be of this or that Case merely because it hath such a Sign before it which is the occasion of frequent Errors but see for some word foregoing that governeth a Case by some Rule and make it accordingly For the English Signs of Cases to of c. are liable to multitudes of Exceptions Obs 9. Never go about to render an English Sentence into Latin before reading it warily over from the beginning to the end and if one reading suffice not for a thorough understanding of the sense and construction have patience to read twice thrice or four times as often as need require till thou perfectly understand the connexion of each word one to another Obs 10. In almost every English if but consisting of five or six lines thou wilt meet with it may be one or more Idiomatical Expressions which will be bald if rendred verbatim In sach Sentences use not the Dictionary but either a Phrase-book such as Willis 's Anglicisms Latinized Walkers Idioms or any other which the Master shall have recommended to thee or which would be the more commendable of the two bethink thy self of some apt Expression which thy self hast read and which thou hast been bidden to treasure up either in thy memory or a Note-book The Idioms of one Language cannot be tolerably rendred but by the Idioms of another Obs 11. When there is a Relative-Sentence or a Parenthesis in the English read the rest
of the Sentence from one Period to another leaving that Relative-Sentence or Parenthesis out then shalt thou clearly see the dependance of each word and shalt thereby avoid much of that difficulty And when thou hast read it so till thou understand it then proceed to Translation Obs 12. Though an artificial placing and ordering of words be not essential to the true translating of a Sentence yet it is Ornamental Take heed therefore that the words stand in some convenient and pleasant order Take notice therefore That 1. The Oblique Cases stand most handsomely in the beginning of a Sentence the Verb in the end and the Nominative Case betwixt both 2. The Substantive of the Genitive Case stands most elegantly before the Substantive that governs it 3. The Adjective is more neatly set before the Substantive than after it 4. Comparative and Superlative Adjectives or Adverbs stand most gracefully in the end of the Sentence 5. If you have a Substantive and Adjective of the Genitive Case the former Substantive governing may elegantly come between them as Caesare Clementia Majestatis 6. Between a Substantive and Adjective which are not of the Genitive Case another Substantive of the Genitive as Vera justitiae laus humillima subditorum obedientia 7. A Pronoun Primitive comes elegantly between a Pronoun Possessive and a Substantive that it agrees with as en offero meum tibi auxilium tuum mihi consilium expeto 8. The Vocative Case the Verbs inquit and ait must not be set First but Second or third in the Sentence 9. Longer Words conclude a Period most sweetly h. e. of three or four Syllables 10. Yet beware thou make not a Sentence ambiguous hard to be understood in over-striving to place words artificially for there is no elegancy in ambiguity 11. Many words that begin and end with Vowels sound unpleasantly they cause an Hiatus too much gaping Magna avi isti utilitas summo oro obveni auxilio 12. Two words meet not handsomely together whereof one ends with the same Consonant with which the other begins as Puer rudis literarum Ingens strepitus Dispose such words otherwise as strepitus ingens 13. Many words of the like sound in the ending meet not gratefully as Multarum magnarum miseriarum origo est ambitio Avoid such concurrence by parting those words or using other words in their stead Obs 13. In seeking Latin words in the Dictionary make use rather of the first or second that you find than of those that follow And refuse to make use of those which are very near the sound of the English as Natio for a Nation commendo to commend salvatio for salvation vexatio for vexation c. unless there be no other as tentatio for temptation Obs 14. Sometimes the same English word may have divers significations and that in the same discourse In order to the right rendring of such Sentences there is requisite a treasuring up such words as they occur in Authors or are taken notice of in correcting Exercises by the Master that the several Latin words which answer to the several significations may not be used promiscuously as to marry hath four significations Nuptum dare is to marry when it is spoken of a Father marrying his Daughter to any Person or giving in Marriage matrimonio jungere to marry spoken of the Priest marrying a Couple Uxorem ducere a man murrying a woman nubo to marry when it speaks of a woman being married to a man or marrying a man And many words there be of like diversity which must be carefully heeded Dat Pater aut Mater nuptum jungitque Sacerdos Uxorem duco nubit at illa mihi Obs 15. Sometimes an English Verb of the Third Person is rendred by a Latin of the Second which is when in an Interrogative Sentence the Nominative Case to the Verb is a man or one then make no Latin for man or one only put the Verb into the Second Person as Quid facias in hac re arctissima What should one do in such a perplexed business Quid dicis What can a man say How could one refrain Qui abstineres Having committed to memory these few Notes the following Englishes will not be difficult DIALOGUE I. The Master and the Scholar Mast Boy you have always been dear to me above the rest of your Schoolfellows Sch. I have greatest reason honoured Sir to believe that you love me The daily care that you take in teaching me not only those things that belong to Learning but also which conduce to Piety is a witness of your Love which I can no way recompence but by hearty thanks and willing obedience Mast Diligence in teaching is the best opportunity I have to evidence my love But the more I love thee the more it grieves me when I see thee more idle than other Boys whom I make not so much account of My love constrains me to be angry with thee when thou neither studiest to please me nor to profit thy self I find that Learning is not as pleasant to thee as it was formerly Sch. Sir I dare not deny that I am guilty but I earnestly entreat you that you would forgive me Mast Pardon hurts those Boys that are not of an ingenuous Spirit and that strive not to requite their Master's Clemency by better diligence It is as easy to spoil Boys by forgiving as by punishing Sch. Believe me Sir but once and if ever I offend hereafter spare me not Mast Thou hast often promised me amendment but thou seldom art as good as thy word Sch. I confess I have broken my promise but let your mercy pardon that fault too I am resolved Sir to forsake all mine idle Companions to leave off my evil Custom of playing to ply my Books and to become a new Boy as if I were not the same that I have been Mast You design to do these things while you are under fear of punishment but when you have forgotten the fear you will return to your former folly at the bidding of the first naughty Boy Sch. I will beg of God to give me power to perform what I promise for without him we can do nothing as I have heard from your mouth Mast I like that word Pray to God earnestly and he will answer thee I will pardon thee but thou must strive with all thy might as well as crave divine help Sch. I will Sir do both I will both pray and strive and I hope I shall not be unworthy of your Clemency you shall not repent of your pardoning me Mast I shall love thee most dearly my dearest Boy if thou consult thine own profit hereafter and study diligently And which is more desirable God shall bless thee he shall increase thine understanding and wisdom for he giveth wisdom as well as riches to the industrious DIALOGUE II. Thomas and Giles T. WHY do you cry What hath befallen you G. I have offended God by disobeying my Parents and I know not
English Exercises FOR SCHOOL-BOYS TO Translate into Latin Comprising all the RULES of GRAMMAR And other Necessary Observations Ascending gradually from the Meanest to higher Capacities By J. Garretson Schoolmaster The Third Edition with Large Additions By an Eminent School-Master in London LONDON Printed for Tho. Cockerill at the Three Leggs in the Poultry over against the Stocks-Market MDCXCI To the Practitioner From a School-Master in London IN this Edition there are added not only very many Words left out in the former but for the better Understanding of young Beginners for whom things cannot be made too Plain and Easy the Gender of every Noun and Termination of the Genitive Case is affixed as also the Conjugation and Preterperfect Tense of the Verbs with a Catalogue of several Nouns Verbs Participles c. shewing what Case they will govern with a hint of the Rules to which they belong LICENSED Sept. 7. 1686. Rob. Midgley An Advertisement THE Author being deceased and the Book to be re-printed a Friend of his at the request of several Schoolmasters hath made the following Alterations and Additions First Before Examples be given to all the Rules as they stand in order in Lilly's Grammar there are in a preliminary way a competent number of Examples fitted to the more easie and fundamental Rules for the initiating and grounding of young Beginners These Rules are concerning 1. The Nominative Case and Verb. 2. The Substantive and Adjective 3. The Accusative Case following the Verb. 4. Conjunctions Copulative and Disjunctive that couple like Moods and Tenses 5. The Nominative Case following the Verb Sum. 6. The latter of two Verbs being the Infinitive Mood 7. The Genitive Case latter of two Substantives 8. To or For the use of any Signs of the Dative Case 9. With or By being an Instrument Signs of the Ablative Case 10. The Use and Government of Praepositions And which hath been thought wanting in Books of this nature more than ordinary care hath been taken That in the Examples to every following Rule Children might be reminded of and exercised in all those that went before Also towards the end many new Exercises are added to those that were in the former Edition And the whole especially with respect to the explication of Lilly's Rules hath been Revised TO THE READER THE Necessity and Vsefulness of Schools is too universally acknowledged to need the pains of an Argument for its Demonstration nor do School-Masters want the Assistance of Eloquent Encomiums to vindicate the honour of their Employment To find out Methods whereby that Province may be managed more successfully most to the through and speedy accomplishment of Youth committed to their charge hic labor hoc opus est And that pains hath been found to be no-where more requisite than in Translating English into Latin that necessary part of School-business in which after considerable Practise with the help of the most Faithful and Laborious Teacher Boys still remain lamentably imperfect and defective To the redressing of that Grievance therefore if this Work may in some though but small measure be conducible to the ease of the Master and promotion of the Scholar the Author presumes to hope it may not be altogether exploded It is most readily granted that divers learned and able School-Masters have already done worthily toward the design of facilitating Boys making Latin and several of them have compiled useful Englishes for Translation as Mr. Wase Mr. Walker and since them the worthy Gentleman Master of Bury-School in his English Examples which hath met with general acceptance But though the World be much indebted to them for their useful Labours it is yet to be hoped that some Addition of further discoveries towards some things which seem still wanting may be promised without seeming to design derogation from their esteem or being guilty of vanity Especially prefixing before the following Work these modest Acknowledgments First That had it pleased any other to have undertaken the Design herein managed it had been far better accomplished and would have merited greatest thanks as well from the Author as others Secondly That this Work doth not arrogate to it self so great a sufficiency as that Boys in their Exercises or any Translation shall never need any information besides what is here before them Datur plus ultra Much less doth it presume to work Miracles viz. To teach those that are sottish and unteachable Ex quovis ligno non sit Mercurius Thirdly It pretendeth not to be without mistakes but craves a favourable and candid censure After which humble Concessions some account of the nature and method of the ensuing Treatise may not be unacceptable And First I have therein given Examples in Sentences to all the necessary Rules of Sintaxis tho some less or not at all important be neglected I hope without loss Secondly Whereas in the English Examples before the Examples to each Rule were set two or three words of the Rule it self finding by Experience that Boys would not reflect upon the Rule or if they did they understood it not To remedy that inconvenience I have prefixed the whole Rule in English as plain as was possible with any amendments which might be collected out of other Grammarians besides Lilly our usual Oracle so that this Work may serve for an Explanation of our common Syntaxis Thirdly In all or most of these Rules where Boys are allowed by our common Grammar to use either of two Cases I have confined them to one and not left it indifferent except the nature of the word governing be absolutely indifferent which is but seldom Because in many Rules where the Latin Rule leaves it indifferent one is less elegant than the other and therefore rarely to be admitted It is certainly more useful for Boys to be accustomed to the more proper Case they will find out that which comes in with interdum or rarius soon enough of themselves which yet they are minded of after the Rule Fourthly Because Boys are apt to forget what is past I have so ordered the Examples to each Rule that they contain all of them remembrances of the former lest while they be employed about a new Rule the old ones be forgotten which is the great impediment of a progress in making Latin And that may answer an Objection which may possibly be made That the Examples especially in some places are too few in the Rules of the Relative and others For exemplifying every Rule over and over under those which follow makes a competent amends for that paucity Fifthly Because Boys are not very likely to render an Example of any Rule before they are come to it nor can it be expected at the Example to the First or Second Concord they should make time or place unless we should suppose them before they begin to make Exercise to have a perfect Grammar in their memories I have therefore anticipated no Rules but sometimes forced the sense or made it less Emphatical and Accurate
the Feminine Gender to which the latter hath relation or with which the latter is the same and usually the Verb is commonly stands between such Substantives e. g. 1. Death the Enemy of Nature is a Friend to good men whom it leadeth into Eternal Glory 2. Courage for-the-most-part is a Conqueror 3. Rest is the repairer of strength a refresher of the vital Spirits 4. Unwearied diligence oftentimes is an helper of a weak wit Art and Study mend Natures defects Reg. 6. Adjectivum in Neutro genere c. When Boys meet with a Substantive having before it immediately an Adjective which intimates the quality of the Substantive as much little more less so much how much and such like such a Substantive must be the Genitive Case and the Adjective put in the Neuter Gender and taken for a Substantive 1. Much labour brings more gains 2. How much sweat so much sweetness 3. He that hath a good Stomach doth not desire much Sauce a man of a weak Stomach eats little meat 4. A small Shop sometimes bringeth much profit ◠Note Adjectives when their signification belongt to men are often used in the Masculine Gender without the word man or men exprest in the Latin and such Adjectives may have another Adjective to agree with them 1. Honest men do not violate their promises 2. A good man that imitateth the example of Christ loveth those that hate him 3. Bloody and deceitful men dig their own Graves 4. A wise man hateth him that admireth his own folly which others laugh at Note Sometimes two Adjectives of contrary signification one to another belong both to one Substantive but the Substantive is not twice repeated in the English nor must be expressed in Latin but understood and the latter Adjective must agree with the Substantive as the former doth 1. Bigger Boys strive to keep under the less i. e. the less Boys 2. A smaller Army often conquereth a greater Note And sometimes one supplieth the place of the Substantive after the latter adjective which one must have no Latin for it only do with the adjective as if it were alone e. g. 1. A clean Book excelleth a dirty one 2. A small Horse excelleth sometimes a bigger one Construction of Adjectives Adjectives Govern a Genitive Reg. 1. A Djectiva quae desiderium notitiam c. The sign of after adjectives betokening desire knowledge remembrance ignorance forgetting care fear guilt or any passion of the mind requires the Surstantive Noun or Pronoun following to be put in the Genitive Case e. g. 1. Those that are desirous of honour are studious of learning and of good manners 2. He that is mindful of the Master's commands is not fearful of punishment 3. I will be mindful of thee till I be forgetful of my self 4. Thou and I are guilty of the same Crime but we have a mild Master that often forgiveth 5. The richest man careless of his affairs is reduced to poverty 6. I am clear from the crime that thou mentionedst Reg. 2. Adjectiva Verbalia in ax c. Adjectives ending in ax derived of Verbs and having of or in after them requireth the Noun following to be put in the Genitive Case 1. He that is bold of heart frighteth his Enemy and escapeth danger but the cowardly man is slain 2. Most men are sagacious in their own profit but who endeavoureth his neighbour's good 3. Fools are tenacious of their own intentions they hear not the reason of the wise they are not capable of admonition Reg. 3. Nomina Partitiva aut Partiè posita Interrogativa quaedam certa numeralia c. Reg. 4. Quibus addi possunt Comparativa Superlativa c. The Particles of or among after adjectives which are call'd Partitives betokening part or some one of more after Interrogatives such as ask a Question as which whether After Nouns of Number one two three first second third after adjectives of the Comparative or Superlative degree after all these of or among require the Substantive next following them to be put in the Genitive Case with which Genitive Case such adjectives governing must agree in Gender e. g. 1. Thou hast chosen two companions one of which is a fool the other of them is idle and they will make thee uncapable of study if thou imitate them 2. It is a difficult thing Whether of the two parts shall I take 3. He who is the most diligent among the Scholars shall be the most excellent of them all 4. Both thy Brother and thou art valiant but thou art the more couragious of the two 5. None of the Heathenish Gods delivered his worshippers 6. Pylades and Oretes cherished a mutual love none knows whether was the more faithful of the two Thou art my Pylades the most trusty of all my friends Exc. 1. In alio tamen sensu Ablat exigunt cum Prepositione In alio vero sensu Dat. If a Noun of Number an ordinal first second third or adverbs derived of them have the sign to after it the Noun following that sign must be the Dative Case if the Particle after it must be the ablative with à or ab 1. Thou who art second to none in learning yet sittest forth after my Brother Which I greatly wonder-at I am first after thee 2. I love my Master best next after God who requireth my whole heart Exc. 2. Usurpantur autem cum c. Sometimes of or among after Nouns Partitives c is rendred by è ex with an ablative inter ante with an accusative Reg. 5. Interrogativum ejus Redditivum c. The Question and the Answer must be made by the same Case of a Noun Pronoun or Participle and the same Tense of a Verb that the Question is asked by e. g. 1. Q. Who was it that went out A. My Sister 2. Q. Whose Book hast thou A. My Cousin ' s. 3. Q. What have you lost A. My Inkhorn 4. Q. What are Covetous men desirous of A. Money 5. Q. Of whom am I mindful A. Your self 6. What did you in the School A. Learn my Lesson heard my Masters instructions 7. Q. What wilt thou do in this matter A. Vindicate my Father's honour Exc. 1. Fallit haec Regula c. Sometimes the word whose may be rendred in Latin by cujus ja jum and in such Case that Adjective must agree with the Substantive that stands with it in the Question and the Substantive which is the Answer to it must be the Gentive Case e. g. Q. Whose Garment is this A. My Father's Exc. 2. Aut per dictionem variae c. When a Question is asked by a word which hath divers constructions h. e. when the Verb in the Question requires one Case of the Noun that stands with it in the Question and another of that which is in the answer then the Substantives must be each of them such as the Verb requires not both the same Case Q. What fault doth my Brother
of Rents 2. The Court which is full of flatterers is pernicious to a Prince tho he be rich in substance abundant in honours 3. A journey an hundred miles long wearieth an Horse that hath not his belly moderately full of provender for while he is desirous of meat he goeth slowly but if a strong and well-fed horse refuse to put forth his strength a whip and spur make him mindful of his work and duty Laziness hath need of spurs Exc. Interdum Genitivo c. The Genitive Case is many times read after such Adjectives and Boys may do the like but they are rather in prose to be accustomed to the confinement of the Ablative Reg. 2. Nomina diversitatis ablativum c. The English word diverse or different rendred in Latin by alter alius or diversus requires the Substantive following whether Noun or Pronoun to be put in the Ablative Case with the Preposition a or ab 1. My Brother is of a very bad nature and far different from my father who is of a good disposition and rich in good endowments of mind tho poor in estate 2. Children are not always like their parents they are sometimes quite different from them Reg. 2. Nonnunquam etiam Dativum c. Rule 2. Diversus for different hath sometimes a Dative A woman contrary to this Reg. 3. Adjectiva regunt Ablativum c. Rule 3. Adjectives govern an Ablative Case of the word that signifies the instrument wherewith the cause why or the manner how a thing is done 1. My Master's face was greatly changed when he found his only-beloved Son guilty of a lie it was sometimes pale with anger afterward it was red with heat of fury and in the mean time his Son was trembling for fear of punishment 2. He that is only a Christian in pretence who in the mean while is an hypocrite in heart is an enemy to his own soul for tho he be subtle at dissimulation amongst men he shall not deceive the Almighty Reg. 4. Forma vel modus rei c. Rule 1. Substantives also have sometimes after them an Ablative of another Substantive which betokens the manner how or the reason why the former is or is called such My Master hath been a father for wholsom counsel he that is my parent by nature and whose son I am by birth took not more care of me But I have been a Servant in name but a Rebel in deed Reg. 5. Dignus indignus praeditus c. Rule 5. Adjectives which have usually after them the sign of or with or upon require the Substantive following them to be the Ablative Case 1. Those are unworthy of the Glory of Heaven that do not think Virtue worthy of love who are not content with the pleasures that Virtue giveth 2. I relying upon thy honesty neglected mine own safety for thou void of that deceivedst me 3. A Son endowed with excellent wit rejoiceth his Father whose good example he imitateth whose commands he observeth he is never trembling for fear for he provoketh not his father's anger he is always mindful of his duty he is like a staff to his fathers old age Nota Horum Nonnulla Genitivum c. Note In Authors dignus and indignus are sometimes read with a Genitive Case after them but that 's not for the Boy 's imitation only they may need to understand it therefore we give no examples of that Government Reg. 6. Comparativa cum exponuntur c. Rule 6. Adjectives of the comparative degree they have in by or than after them if the Latin word quam for than be left out require the Substantive following to be put in the Ablative Case e. g. 1. Thy lesser brother is more learned than thou by far he is wiser than his teachers by many degrees 2. My book is cleaner than thine by much and yet thine is newer than mine Note 1. If quam be express'd in the Latin for the English word than then the word following than must be of such Case as the Substantive which went before the Comparative Adjective 1. Thy Father is richer than mine and thou wilt have a greater Portion than I nevertheless I am content with mine own condition I am not desirous of thy wealth because I desire Virtue which I think is better than riches 2. He that hath a good conscience is more safe than a City encompassed with Walls for a calm mind will bear more tempests than the strongest bulwark Note 2. Than must sometimes be made only by quam not by the Ablative and quam left out viz. when the Substantive which follows than is not compared with that which went next before the Comparative Adjective or with which the Comparative Adjective agrees but with something at a farther distance from it e. g. 1. My father hath an handsomer Horse than your father he bought him yesterday 2. My Brother is like my Unkle in the shape of his face and in the colour of his hair but he is very unlike in his manners he is the most wicked of all our family he is prone to all vices accustomed to all evils unworthy of my father's love relying upon my mother's over love and bounty he spendeth money lavishly he acts as if he were void of reason he understandeth nothing beside hypocrisie for whilst he is so bad indeed he is a Saint in appearance no man is of a baser disposition than he none committeth greater faults than he Reg. 6. Adjectiva pretii regunt Ablat Rule 6. Adjectives whose signification betokens buying or selling such as dear cheap c. whose English hath after it at of or for require an Ablative Case after them 1. A poor Cottage dear of Twenty shillings many times contains a man of great virtue and a man of small estate hath often a contented mind 2. A Garment cheap at an hundred pounds sometimes covers a man whose wit were dear at a Groat Virtue and Wisdom are better Ornaments than gay Cloaths Reg. 7. Adject proprietatem vel passionem corporis animi denotantia reg Abl. Rule 7. Adjectives signifying some property or passion of body or mind require the Substantive following next them to be put in the Ablative Case e. g. 1. A valiant Soldier that exposeth his life for the sake of his Sovereign beareth the strokes of his enemies he is sometimes wounded in his head and limbs he is sometimes sick of a Fever but he is never feeble in mind tho he be weak in body courage remaineth when strength is lost A good man is unquiet in his mind whilst he taketh-notice-of other mens sins he desireth the happiness of those that neglect their own they are slow of heart and see not they are void of understanding they desire none of God's Commandments they pray not but God sometimes heareth the Prayers of the righteous for them Construction of Pronouns Reg. 1. HEC Possession meus tuus suus c. Rule 1. The English words my or
quiet death but he that is mindful of past wickedness feareth eternity The pleasures of sin then yield no refreshment the expectation of future torment is dreadful to a guilty soul which despised Heaven before and shall lose it irreparably Verbs Personals governing a Genitive Reg. 1. SUm genitivum postulat c. The Verb Sum when it betokens the part duty property or possession requires the Noun following to be put in the Genitive Case 1. The Earth is the Lord's 2. 'T is the duty of children to observe instruction 3. 'T is the part of fools to laugh always 4. 'T is the wise-man's property to hold-his-peace 5. 'T is the part of Kings to defend their Subjects it is the duty of Subjects to be obedient to Kings The world would perish without Government and Order Exc. 1. Excipiuntur hi Nominativi meum c. 1. If the English of any of the Pronoun possessives come after Sum without a Substantive coming after them such Pronoun must not be the Genitive Case but must agree in Case Gender and Number with the Nominative Case to the Verb. 1. That Paper was mine but now it is my brother's 2. The Kingdom of Heaven is theirs that are poor in spirit it shall be ours if we observe God's holy Commandments let us be mindful of our duty ready to every good work let us live soberly righteously and godly Exc. 2. At hic subintelligi videtur officium c. 2. If with the English of the Pronoun possessive be joined the word duty part or property the Pronoun must be the Nominative Case and always the Neuter Gender 1. It is thy duty to do whatsoever thy Father commandeth 2. It is every-ones part to look to himself The world is full of Enemies and all men have need of caution It is our part to exercise the greatest prudence Other Pronouns as Relatives Interrogatives compound Pronouns c. have the Construction of Nouns i. e. are put in the Genitive Case 1. Let us love God whose we are 2. It is not any ones place to reprove others but theirs that are unblameable Note Sometimes the English of a Substantive which ought to be the Genitive Case governed of Sum may be turned into an Adjective derived of the Substantive e. g. It is the part of a Woman muliebre est or mulieris It is the part of a man virile est or viri Reg. 2. Verba aestimandi Genitivo gaudet 2. Verbs of valuing estceming or making account of require a Genitive Case of that word which betokens the price or value of the thing and which tells us at what rate or how much 1. Those value the honour of God at nothing that call themselves Christians and defire to be accounted Saints but in-the-mean-while are like Beasts and are given to all vices 2. Riches are esteemed little when men see better things The light of the Sun dimmeth the lesser shining of a Candle 3. I value not him a rush that is a Friend to every body Exc. Aestimo vel Genitivum c. 2. But the Verb Aestimo it self will have either a Genitive or an Ablative of the value 1. I have a Horse that I value at forty pound 2. I esteem a faithful Friend at a great price Reg. 3. Verba accusandi damnandi c. 3. Verbs of accasing condemning blaming admsnishing acquitting or clearing will have a Genitive of the crime or thing which crime hath commonly of for er from before it in the English 1. One Boy accuseth another of idleness the Master heareth their tales but punisheth only those whom he thinketh guilty and worthy of punishment 2. The Master's praise maketh some Boys diligent it moveth them greatly sometimes when he passeth by faults his clemency perswadeth them to love him and to observe his laws which are good for them Kindly to warn ingenious minds of their faults frequently reduceth them to obedience without severity 3. When a murderer obtaineth a pardon he escapeth the Gallows but he is not cleared from guilt but Saints receiving remission of sins become guiltless in the sight of God as if they had not sinned The blood of Christ washeth defiled Souls Exc. 1. Vertitur hic Genitivus c. Sometimes the Crime is put in the ablative Case sometimes with but usually without a Preposition Exc. 2. Uterque Nullus Alter Neuter c. If the English of any of these words viz. Uterque nullus alter neuter alius ambo or of an adjective of the Superlative degree which hath no Substantive with it come after Verbs of accusing c. the Latin of those words must never be in any other but the ablative Case 1. Our Man-servant was accused of theft and of drunkenness but he denied whiles in the mean time he was guilty of both and his lying clear'd him of neither 2. A guilty conscience hath no need of Witnesses it accuseth it self of most hainous things the man is miserable whom Conscience condemneth 3. Q. Of what crime art thou convicted A. Of none 4. Q. Of what duty did our Master admonish our Form when I was absent Did he admonish of diligence about our Studies or of Godliness A. Of both Reg. 4. Satago misereor miseresco c. And Verbs of remembring and forgetting require the Noun following to be the Genitive Case of the person or thing pitied remembred or forgotten 1. I pity my Brother I pity his folly for he hath wasted all the Portion which my Father left and now he begs from dore to dore 2. I remember the report that I heard but I do not regard it he that feareth misery before that it come forgetteth his own manhood and becometh like a Child 3. A Judge whose Sentence accuseth him of injustice is unprofitable to his Countrey A just Judge remembreth mercy and justice together he never sorgetteth right and law but never condemneth the innocent Note 1. Reminiscor obliviscor Nemini c. are read also with an accusative after them Note 2. Nemini sometimes signifies to make mention of and hath then an Ablative after it with the Preposion de Reg. 5. Potior aut Genitivo aut Ablativo c. 5. Potior to obtain or get Possession of governs either an Ablative or a Genitive 1. A Scholar that obtaineth his Master's favour is more happy than he that is idle who loseth his honour wasteth his time and continueth a blockhead tho play be pleasant to him a little while 2. He that remembreth instructions getteth profit he that forgetteth them obtaineth no advantage It is the duty of Boys to attend whilest Masters teach labour spent in vain wearieth the most industrious and strongest workman but work succeeding according to expectation delighteth Verbs Personals governing a Dative Case Reg. 1. OMnia Verba acquisitivè posita c. All Verbs govern a Dative Case after them of the Noun which hath to or for before it e. g. 1. He is of a low and ignoble spirit that only lives for himself and
hath the sign with before it 1. A small spark raiseth a great fire with strange increase it pierceth between the parts of matter with wonderful subtilty 2. The Doctrine of the Gospel after the death of Christ the Author of it overspread the World with wonderful speed it conquered the hearts of men with invincible force with great success it opposed the Heathenish Idols The Devils were angry at the overthrow of their Kingdom but their lying Oracles yielded to the power of God who began to fulfil to Christ the promise which he had given him and now Paganism is almost extinguished Ablativo causae modi c. Sometimes the Noun betokening the cause is put into the ablative Case with prae He that languisheth for thirst giveth a man greater thanks that offereth him water than if a Prince gave him a Crown those things are most acceptable which answer the present necessity Rule 4. After any Verbs the ablative case is to be used of a Noun which betokens the Original Descent Countrey or part affected either Body or Mind 1. A Boy of an ingenious temper is troubled in mind when he hath provoked his Parents to anger and desires nothing more than the recovering of their favour but a Boy accustomed to the practice of disobedience laugheth-at reproof 2. That Child is happy that by descent proceedeth from good and pious Parents but he is more happy that also imitateth the good Example of his Ancestors Reg. 5. Quibuslibet Verbis subjicitur c. Rule 5. The English words buy sell cost is worth and such like when they are rendred into Latin by their preper Verbs require the Substantive betokening the price rate or value to be put into the ablative case and after Verbs of buying the person of whom must be the ablative case with a or ab after sell and cost the Dative 1. Is not he an excellent Merchant that buyeth wares for an hundred pound and selleth them for an hundred pence He is not a friend to himself 2. This Book is worth five groats but the Bookseller sold it me for thirteen pence and told me that it cost him twelve pence Vili paulo minimo magno c. Note 1. Vili paulo minimo magno nimio plurimo dimidio duplo are ablative adjectives of price or value and are used after such Verbs without Substantives 1. He sells his eternal happiness for a very-little that prefers dunghil pleasures before it Heaven is worth the whole World it will cost a man labour and denial of himself pleasures worldly and heavenly seldom succeed each other 2. Men desire to buy glory cheap which cost our Saviour dear who purchased it for us they value the World at too great a rate Reg. 7. Excipiuntur hi Genitivi tanti quanti c. Rule 7. These English words viz. So much how much thus much more less as much as how much soever must be rendred by adjectives tanti quanti pluris minoris c. without Substantives in the Genitive Case but if the English be such that with them a Substantive must be joined the ablative must be used according to rule 1. A good name is a jewel which is worth so much that at what rate soever thou purchasest it thou dost not buy it dear 2. A man given to vice contracteth to himself many diseases the cure costs him more than his pleasure recompenceth health is easily lost but the recovery of it is bought of Physicians at a great rate Note Valeo to be worth is sometimes read with an accusative Reg. 6. Verba abundandi implendi c. Rule 6. Verbs of filling emptying wanting abounding loading easing require the Noun following which hath with or of before it to be put into the ablative case besides an accusatsve of the thing or person filled emptied c. 1. He that wanteth money is accounted a fool tho' he be wise he is reviled by the tongues of those that tread upon all that are not like them with great pride an Ass laden with Gold is preferred before the most useful beasts 2. He that easeth the miserable of their burthen shall hear many blessing him we may admire some mens cruelty that never pity others never do them good such men are of sordid mind and when they want help none will succour them fill the poor with food and thou shalt never want treasure God telleth us That if we give to the poor we lend to him and hath promised us that he will repay us 3. A thief robbeth a traveller of his money but at length he depriveth himself of life for his villany bringeth him to ruine and death Note 1. Participo Active to make partaker hath the same construction viz. an accusative of the person and an ablative of the thing Note 2. Verbs af filling and emptying are sometimes found to have a Genitive case after them of the Substantive which hath of or with before it Reg. 7. Frungor fruor utor similia c. Rule 7. Frungor fruor utor nitor laetor vescor glorior supersedeo require an ablative case after them of the thing muto an ablative of the Noun which hath into before it and besides that an accusative Dignor communico and prosequor an accusative of the person and ablative of the thing 1. That Boy that often seeketh to enjoy the company of evil Boys never performeth his duty he preferreth the love of a tempting Boy before his Master's favour he quickly layeth aside his care leaveth off his diligence changeth smiles of his Master into frowns he becometh like his Companion who will rejoice at his ruin Idleness is the nourisher of all vices and vice for-the-most-part foregoeth destruction Be thou therefore mindful of thy duty 2. Use thy Friend with greatest caution trust him not before thou know him well there is not one among twenty friends that is faithful they seem loving but they use flattery a mask which hideth their hearts from other men Friends destroy more than Enemies 3. Leave-off Childish vanities when thou comest to ripeness of age trifles are a dishonour to years use not Childish Exercises nor let the delights of Children please thee after that the ripeness of thine understanding hath rendred thee fit for greater employments 4. Boast not of thy health and strength too much only whilst thou enjoyest them give praise to him that bestoweth all good things upon all men use them well lest he deprive thee of them God doth good to thee return him not evil Reg. 8. Merior cum Adverbiis bene male c. Rule 8. Of after Mereor is made by the Preposition de which will have an ablative case after it if after the English word deserve come an adverb A faithful School-master deserveth well of his Countrey he teacheth his Scholars to obey their King he educateth not Rebels and tho' many become wicked and pernicious that have had good Education yet his honesty satisfieth his own mind for he knoweth
Gerund in di To be skilful in cheating others is a base Art Fools are wiser than such Politicians He that only inventeth knacks of deceiving is full of Craft but void of Wisdom A wise man is like a Dove for innocency tho he be not unlike a Serpent for caution Rule 7. The Participle in ing after am art is was were or any passive sign must be Latined not by the Participle but by the Verb Active and in that Tense of it and Number and Person which the Passive sign betokens 1. A diligent Boy is always learning not only while the Master is instructing but also while other Boys are playing he readeth Books which promote his learning or readeth-over-again that which he learned in the School he only now-and-then useth moderate rest and recreation because it is necessary for his health and maketh to the sharpening of his wit 2. Excellent Apelles was daily drawing some excellent Picture with wonderful Art no day passed without a Line 3. Those that use not time in the beginning of their lives will be even perpetually lamenting their folly afterwards they will be hourly condemning themselves and saying Oh at what a great price would I willingly purchase time past Rule 8. The Participle in ing after from for lest that may elegantly be rendred by the Subjunctive Mood with nè before it The Providence of God keepeth us from perishing the Power of God assisteth us in acting those things which please him the Grace of God keepeth us from sinning the Goodness of God preserveth us from suffering afflictions the Death and Righteousness of Christ have redeemed us from dying eternally Rule 9. The Participle in ing after a Verb importing to cease leave or give over is rendred by the Infinitive Mood of its proper Verb. 1. Constancy and stedfastness are signs of a generous mind He that leaves acting laudable things and degenerateth into Vice was never truly good 2. A wise man never leaves learning till he give-over living He hath need of more knowledge that hath the greatest wisdom Rule 10. The English Participle having when it stands immediately next before another Participle which comes from a Verb Deponent is not rendred by any particular Latin word only is a sign that the following English must be Latined by the Participle preter Tense of the Verb passive 1. Poor men having gotten Riches or Honours grow proud they despise those that were equal to them they are of more scornful minds and behaviour than those that are sprung of Noble Race 2. Humility is the true Gentility Men honour and reverence a Nobleman that is courteous towards his inferiours more than him that scorneth to speak to them or to hear their requests who having relied upon their goodness have often intreated them Rule 11. Having coming before a Participle of a Verb active and having been before a passive must be rendred by the preterperfect if the thing spoken of be now doing or will be done hereafter or by the preterpluperfect Tense of the Subjunctive Mood if the thing spoken of be past with cum 1. Those were the most Noble Champions that having conquered Kingdoms and Countries spared the Inhabitants and granted them largest Privileges Their Clemency did not hinder their Victories it rather made many yield to their Power from whom they might expect lenity but who would surrender to a bloody Conquerour 2. Kings and Kingdoms are under the Power of God God setteth up Kings it is not the Subjects part to pull them down but to obey their Authority They are to pray for the Lives and Prosperity of Rulers and having gotten a gracious Prince they are to bless God who gave them him and to defend him He that feareth God honoureth the King and having obeyed him in Peace hazardeth his life for him in War Construction of words betokening Time Reg. 1. QUAE significant partem temporis c. Rule 1. Nouns which betoken part of time h. e. which answer to the Question when either exprest before it or implied must be put in the Ablative Case 1. He that always designs to be good next week or next year to amend his life and doth not this day begin his work seems to endeavour to mock God He cheateth his own Soul he pleaseth the Devil who loveth such hurtful delays and persuadeth men with all his might to disobey God and to prejudice themselves That Tempter promiseth them longer life and space to repent Men too often believe him rather than God the Fountain of all Truth Delayers convenient season never comes Let us not say next year next month next week next hour nor next moment but embrace the offer of eternal happiness this present instant 2. Q. When wilt thou increase thy diligence A. The first day wherein we return to School Reg. 2. Quae autem durationem c. Rule 2. Nouns betokening continuance of time h. e. which answer to the Question how long express'd or understood must be put in the Accusative Case The Boy that loiters a whole week becomes idle afterward and will not study that Boy is wise that mingleth Study with Play even upon Holy-days then is Play pleasant to him at his intervals and his mind is ready for learning so that when he returns to School he can learn all the day without weariness and there shall be need of no labour to the Master as to him whilst he must strive greatly to persuade other Boys to forget their past leisure 1. Against or for before a word of appointed time are to be rendred by in with an Accusative Case of the word of time 1. He that promiseth a gift or kindness against the next week and delays it until the next year doth his Friend no good gifts given in season are acceptable but delays diminish the worth and thanks 2. The man is wise that in prosperity layeth up against adversity he that spendeth all without care and foresight commonly wanteth afterward without remedy for he is uncapable to help himself and his Friends pity him not because he is become poor by his own neglect 3. Detain not a whole year what is only lent thee for a day thy Friend may forgive thy breaking of thy promise but he will be unwilling to lend when thou hast need of his help the second time Note Particular Phrases of the Noun of Time have a different Construction from the former Suetonius writes of Augustus Caesar That when he purposed not to grant any thing which was requested of him he was wont to answer the suppliant I will do it upon the Greek Calends because no Nation beside the Romans had Calends which name they gave to the first day of each month Upon the second day the Nones began Construction of Nouns betokening Place Reg. 1. SPatium loci in Accusativo c. Rule 1. Nouns that betoken how far one place is distant from another or any measure of the length or breadth of a place after a Verb may
Religion Rule 6. Domus an house or home and Rus the Countrey have in all respects the construction of proper names of Cities and Towns as to their cases The Construction of Verbs Impersonal 1. VErbs Impersonal have never any Nominative case before them nor an Accusative before their Infinitive 2. Not onely Verbs which have it before them in the English are Latined by Impersonals but when boys find I thou he c. the signs of Verbs personals they will sometimes find such Latin for the Verb as is only of the Third Person which Latin is an Impersonal Verb. Reg. 1. Haec tria Impersonalia c. 1. Three Impersonals viz. interest refert and est which is sometimes an Impersonal require a Genitive case after them of the Noun following except me thee him us you or whom come after the English of them and those Particles must be rendred by the ablative case of the Pronoun Possessive 1. It much concerneth boys to avoid evil company as they would beware of the Plague They are more hurtful to the mind than the most contagious Disease to the body Wicked and prophane Play-fellows are tempters which do the Devil's work they sometimes change a boy of an honest mind into a vile Rebel He that converseth with evil boys at length becomes like them he leaveth his care to please the Master he giveth over his endeavouring to serve God and his obeying his Parents They teach him Sabbath-breaking Swearing Lying and all Vice which it will be difficult to unteach him and unless God bless some instructions and by Divine power alter him his life being wasted in serving sin he perisheth for ever 2. It concerneth me and all men to look to our selves the world is full of Knaves and Knavery It is hard to be known and he is hard to be found that is fit to be trusted Obs Adjiciuntur illi Genitivi tanti c. Those Impersonals beside a Genitive case of the person whom have also another Genitive of the word betokening the Degree 1. The greatest caution is to be used in the presence of Boys Masters must behave themselves very warily lest Scholars learn evil of them and it greatly concerneth boys to imitate the Masters virtue 2. It little mattereth whether he that instructeth be great it iâ—sufficient if he be good 3. It little matters how-much money a man have if he be honest honesty is worth loads of treasure Reg. 2. In Dativum feruntur haec Impersonalia c. 2. Accidit certum est contingit constat confert competit placet dolet expedit evenit liquet libet nocet obest prodest praestat sufficit vacat and in general all Impersonals which have the sign to or for after them require a Dative case 1. If God please Physick shall profit a man but God with-holding his blessing all endeavours are vain God useth Physicians as his servants but unless God help them and their sick person they become unprofitable he tempteth God that neglecteth using endeavours of men but it best agreeth with Religion to joyn Prayer with Physick God is always at leisure to do good to those that ask 2. It greatly concerns those that are desirous to enjoy inward peace to believe the omnipotency of God it is manifest to the eyes of the Servants of God that he rules the world and trust in God banisheth all fear from the heart Feebleness of mind is the misery of those that distrust Divine Power and Goodness Reg. 3. Haec impersonalia accusandi c. Reg. His verò attinet pertinet c. Rule 3. Juvat decet and the Compounds of them as also delectat and oportet require an accusative case without a Preposition attinet pertinet spectat an accusative with ad 1. It behoveth men of little wisdom to hold their peace a fool silent seemeth wise 2. The Tongue is the Author of much evil it therefore becometh a wise man to restrain his own Tongue with the Bridle of Reason it delighteth him to laugh at the folly of Pratlers it belongeth to younger men especially to sit silent they may observe what others speak and it may be lawful for them to break silence when they can produce something worthy of hearing which none else thought on he that speaketh warily is prised highly by the wise Reg. 4. His Impersonalibus subjicitur c. Rule 4. Paenitet taedet pudet piget Verbs Impersonal require an accusative case of the word immediately next them which accusative in the English seems as if it were the Nominative case to the Verb and beside that a Genitive case of the word following which hath of for or as before it also miseret miserescit an accusative of the person pitying a Genitive of the thing or person pitied e. g. 1. Good men are weary of their lives among the wicked they pity their madness they are grieved at their folly whilest in the mean time sinners are not ashamed of their vices nor do they repent of them till God open their eyes 2. Good men only truly repent of their sins Hypocrites repentance is but pretended but they are of most base minds that repent of their good deeds We ought not to boast of any Actions we must give God the Glory who giveth us Power to perform them yet we must do good with all our might 3. It is worthy to be observed how flexible the minds of Boys are they scarcely continue two days in the same thoughts sometimes they keep not the same mind two hours when the Master layeth upon them a new command they seem to rejoice and are very forward to obey it for-the-present but they soon forget their duty or grow slack in performing it when by their unconstant Parents they are removed from one School to another they admire their new Master whom before-that they despised and laughed at and they speak-against their former Master whom the day before they seemed to prefer before all the World New and sudden things please Boys but they are soon weary of every thing that Boy is praise-worthy that in his tender years beginneth to shew presages of future constancy and those men are to be scorned that in elder years are like Children for unconstancy Manly Boys are to be beloved childish men to be slighted 4. The Master pitieth the Scholars ignorance he loveth the Scholar better than the Scholar loveth himself which he will not now believe but he will believe it hereafter Obs Nonnulla Impersonalia remigrant c. Most Impersonals are only the third person singular or Personals which Personals are themselves also in use as decet from deceo pudet from pudeo accidit from accido placet from placeo but paenitet taedet and some others have no Personals 1. When God pleaseth he turneth evils into the temporal good of those that please him it becometh not good men to be angry with Providence contentedness becometh Christians 2. It is certain that all things shall conduce to the benefit
of God's Servants and God requireth of them that this thing be resolved-on among them to wit to love him more vehemently even when he depriveth them of worldly good-things Reg. 5. Coepit incipit desinit debet c. 5. The English of any of these Verbs viz. Coepio incipio desino debeo soleo and possum which are indeed Personals in their own nature when the English of any of them cometh before the Infinitive Mood of an Impersonal the word that seemeth to be the Nominative case to the Verb personal must be such case as the Infinitive Impersonal requires after it 1. Some begin to repent of their talkativeness when they have betrayed and destroyed their Friend by their lawless tongues We must not betray the faults of our Enemies especially we must not say of our Friends all that we know a wise man speaketh evil of none but some men speak evil of all Detraction is a weed that poysoneth the reputation of many which groweth only in base minds 1. Diligent Boys use to be ashamed to give place to their equals in Learning they are resolved that none shall excel them they give the Master great hope shame worketh great things it sometimes persuadeth those that promises and threatnings could not move The Construction of Adverbs Reg. 1. EN ecce demonstrandi c. En and ecce are to be used for see behold lo and not vide cerne c. When one calls upon another to observe or take notice of and if a noun Substantive come next any of them that Noun must be put in the Nominative Case Except the word be spoken in contempt or blame and then they will have an Accusative 1. Behold the love of God toward sinners he forgiveth men their greatest and most vile offences he receiveth those into his favour whom he hath cause to hate because of their wickedness repenting sinners are welcome to the arms of his mercy but behold the adamantine hardness of mens hearts who refuse to return to him and to accept his mercy they prefer the pleasures of sin before eternal joy they lose their souls to win a guilded nothing 2. Lo the folly of Children who love play rather than learning that think him the best Master that giveth them oftnest leave to play but those Masters are to be blamed that please their Scholars to their hurt Reg. 2. Quaedam Adverbia loci c. 2. Adverbs of quantity time and place and instar require the Noun following them to be of the Genitive Case 1. The Nations of the World have come to-that-pass of wickedness that the Earth is like to Hell and many men have degenerated into Devils Wickedness and Idolatry overspread the greatest part of the World there is profession enough but little true Religion true Christians are hated some that call themselves the Servants of God and are accounted Saints bear hearts full of all hatred envy and malice against others Pious frauds ignorance licentiousness contentions divide almost the whole World amongst them 2. How much is the veneration of Learning diminished among men Heretofore learned men were valued at a great rate they were thought worthy of honour but now men are fond of ignorance they soon think that they have gotten learning enough some are so sordidly ignorant that they desire the utter extirpation of Learning out of the World they pretend the banishment of Learning would promote the true Religion but they are mistaken learned men are the best and strongest Pillars of the Church and State Tempori luci vesperi are used as Adverbs though Dative Cases of Nouns Rule 3. Adverbs which are derived of Adjectives govern the same after them with the Adjective that they come of He that cannot conceal his Friends secrets from those that ask him but discloseth whatsoever is committed to his trust acteth not only unpleasantly to his Friend but hurtfully to himself for he that behaves himself most warily of all men and liveth more watchfully than other men yet he may happen to do something which being known he may be deprived of his good name and he that is void of Knavery sometimes hath need of Art in managing his Affairs which if it be revealed he obtaineth not his end he is defeated of his purpose Therefore punish not his Crimes nor his innocent Designs that trusteth thee relying upon thine honesty If thou betray thy Friend thou shalt change his love into hatred his esteem of thee into contempt Every one is so much wiser by how much he is more silent Reg. 4. Adverbia Diversitatis aliter secus c. Rule 4. Aliter secus ante post Adverbs require an Ablative Case after them of the Noun betokening Quantity 1. Men and Boys think liberty to sin sweet but all will find far otherwise Sinners enjoy deceitful pleasure a little-while but that pleasure cheateth them of eternal Paradise a-little-while-after they must pass to eternal sorrow They are fools that sell heaven at so low a price He is happier whose condition is imbittered with many outward miseries all his life and obtaineth Heavenly Glory than the greatest Prince that after his Pomp lives with cursed Spirits for ever 2. He is a Liar that denieth the same thing this hour which he most strongly affirmed a little before no credit is to be given to his words 3. The anger of a fool is not to be feared he threatneth men with dreadful things but he hath not cunning enough to act revenge he behaveth himself far otherwise than he speaketh A politick Foe is indeed formidable Reg. 5. Cedo flagitantis c. Rule 5. For let me see give me fetch me and such like Expressions it is more elegant to make cedò the Adverb with an Accusative after it than to render them by the proper Verb. Let me see that Book reach me also thy pen I will write these instructions which I have given thee otherwise thou wilt forget them Thou seldom remembrest good admonitions 6. These Adverbs require the Verb coming next them to be put in the Subjunctive and no other Mood viz. Quoad until Ceu as Acsi even as Quasi as tho Tanquam as Dum until 1. They that when they are diseased in body neglect sending for the Physician till the Distemper hath gotten greater strength than which Nature can resist despise their own health as tho' life were worth nothing To cure them will be difficult 2. Children neglected until Vice have taken deep root in them are hardly reformed it is more easie to bend an Osier or a Twig than to twist an Oak Vice nourished many years becomes a Possessor atlast and is loth to leave its accustomed dwelling Parents are to be blamed that neglect their duty in the beginning as-if they desired their Childrens future debauchery Rule 7. These Adverbs if a Nominative Case and Verb come next them require it to be put in the Indicative and no other Mood Donec so-long-as Ut after-that Dum whilst or as-long-as 1.
The English of the Verb habeo is often mistaken because it is sometimes only the sign of another Verb. But when the English words have had hath hast have only a Substantive after them and not a Verb they are to be rendred by habeo And Boys are very apt to make had by the Preterpluperfect Tense of habeo whereas it ought to be rendred by the Preterperfect though when it is a sign only it is of the Preterpluperfect Let caution therefore be used in rendring these or the like Sentences viz. 1. The most excellent Artificers correct their own works they have more quick Eye-sight than other men they see something deficient after that they have used the greatest care 2. an accurate Painter having striven to draw a most deformed Woman had express'd her ugly features so exactly and to-the-life that when he viewed the Picture earnestly standing in his Shop he burst out into so loud and long a laughter that he kill'd himself thereby He had not power to moderate his Passion The excess of mirth as-well-as of sorrow is fatal He had lived if he had not been so ingenious 6. Had had is the Subjunctive Mood Preterpluperfect Tense must never be the Indicative e. g. 1. How many men may say I had had money enough if I had not been too lavish 2. How many Boys may confess I had had Learning if I had had Wisdom to discern mine own advantage and ply my Books 7. Boys are oftentimes at a loss concerning soleo and utor because both signifie to use But they must remember that soleo is never Latin for to use but when a Verb comes next to use in all other Cases utor 8. When there is a Passive sign in the English before a Verb the Latin for which Verb is a Neuter if it be a sign of a Present Tense Passive make it by the Preterperfect Tense of the Neuter if a sign of the Preterimperfect Tense Passive make it by the Preterpluperfect of the Neuter e. g. 1. He that useth to forget those things which he desires to remember must use helps to strengthen his memory or use the greater diligence and attention when he is reading that he may retain profitable instructions for when they are once passed out of the memory there is need of fresh reading to recall them 2. All men use to desire Riches but all do not use Riches rightly when they are come to Honour and Wealth they still are greedy to heap Pelion upon Ossa to add more to much He that desireth nothing wanteth nothing It is a wise Man's part to moderate all affections That is a man of greatness of Spirit that could live cheerfully if his Riches were lost and all his Friends were gone 9. Because the Passive Verbs have properly no Preter-Tenses but use Participles with sum or fui therefore that Participle even when it is become a Preter-Tense must be made to agree in Gender with the Nominative Case to the Verb as if it were an Adjective 10. And not two Particles with a Verb between them or a sign of a Verb may not so well be rendred by non as by nec set before the Verb. 11. Like is not to be rendred by the Adjective similis but by the Adverb when the English of any Verb stands next before like except the English of sum and then it is an Adjective e. g. 1. Honesty hath always been esteemed laudable by those that do not practise it It is to be bewailed that men know the evil of sin and see the heauty of piety yet love deformity and neglect beauty How many men act like Water-men that look one way and row another that are like Medea who confessed of her self that she approved better things but followed wickedness 2. Conscience erecteth a Tribunal in Mens own breasts it trieth condemneth and punisheth Offenders its judgment hath always been found impartial It sometimes sleepeth and is stupid a long while but it at length awakeneth it is dumb many times a great while but when it speaketh it telleth the truth and doth not flatter It punisheth by intollerable horrors and spareth not The gnawings of Conscience torment like a biting Serpent the Harpies and Furies of which the Poets their Heads are the dreadful lashes of this Executioner Hearken to Pythagoras 's counsel who bids thee be afraid of thy self when there is no observer present The reproofs of Conscience are sometimes medicinal but always bitter 12. A before a Participle in ing and after a Verb of motion must be rendred into Latin by the first Supine the Future in rus or the Gerund in dum with ad But if the Participle note something to be now in hand or doing it must be made by the Verb from whence the Participle cometh and in such Tense as the Passive sign which usually is found before such Participles requireth 13. A or an before words of time is rendred by in and an Ablative Case of the word of time e. g. 1. The careless Tradesman that goes a hunting when he hath need of continual presence in his Shop never grows rich but the most diligent House-keeper may go a hunting once a year 2. The idle Boy that goes a seeking Birds-Nests or useth any such-like sport when he ought to be at School never becomes learned But the most plodding Lad goes a playing-once a year If he recreate himself twice a day for a quarter or half an hour he nevertheless encreaseth learning 14. When for a Neuter English which is when the signification of a Verb terminates in or reaches no further than the thing which seems to be the Nominative Case to it Boys find a Latin Verb which is an Active the Passive of that Latin Verb must be used for the Neuter English unless there be a Verb Neuter of the same signification distinct from the Active 15. The Particle about is rendred divers ways viz. Sometimes it is the same with concerning and must be rendred by de sometimes the same with near-upon there-abouts and must be rendred by plus minus Before a word of time it is to be rendred by sub or circiter before a place or person by circa or circum before the Infinitive Mood to be by futurum est impersonally with ut e. g. 1. Boys and Parents are very forward to remove from one School to another Boys remove because they have hope to find more easie Tasks Idleness is their only Argument 2. The Heavens move most swiftly they never slop their course Dull Souls are unlike the Heavenly Bodies for they are loth to action they covet perpetual rest 3. He that is most skilful in any Art hath need of clearer knowledg he is not ashamed to confess that he is still ignorant but the fool having spent a few hours about his Studies thinketh himself a wise man he that hath Knowledg enough hath none 4. All Boys are not of equal Wit Some Boys having tarried at School about four or
five years make a great progress but others spend seven years about nothing though the Master faithfully use his endeavour and when they are about to be removed from School they are no whit the better It were to be wished Parents would discern the tempers of Children and would not strive to compel them to learning against nature Some are born for the Court others for the Pulpit but others for the Plow 16. According with to after it is made by secundum with as after it by prout proinde ut accordingly by proinde 17. The rendring the particle after createth great mistakes in Exercises let Boys therefore observe that after must be rendred by postquam when a Nominative Case comes next it by a ab or post when a Noun comes next it which is of any other Case when it betokens according to by de or ad After a Noun of time by post the Adverb and quam if a Verb follow Afterwards by postea hereafter posthac e. g. 1. After Cesar had conquered Pompey his Potent Adversary he enjoyed quietly the Imperial Seat according to his desire But ungrateful and cruel men Stabb'd him after many noble exploits whereby he encreased the Roman glory According as it happened to many Roman Emperors after him 2. There are different ways of writing and reading in the World some write and read from the right hand to the left after the manner of the Hebrews others from the top to the bottom after the Chinese fashion but English men from the left hand to the right 3. He that is now jovial shall be sorrowful hereafter he that committeth a rash act shall repent of it afterward 18. The Particle again after as big as strong and such like Expressions is made by duplo with a Comparative Degree before it 19. Against before a Noun of time must be rendred by in with an Accusative Case before a Verb with its Nominative Case by dum after mind thought will law custom right by praeter Over-against è regione ex adverso 20. All joyned with a Substantive of the Singular Number is rendred by totus not by omnis for omnis is Latin for every Before a Substantive Plural by omnis not by totus at-all with a Negative word before by omnino e. g. 1. A Camel is as good again for Travelling as an Horse because he is not weary and he will continue strong five or six days without Water which an Horse wanteth twice a day 2. A cunning Merchant layeth up his Wares against a time of scarcity But the price sometimes falls against his expectation and will All his hope of Selling dear is lost all his crafty contrivances do not succeed as he would wish But at other times his forecast produceth treble Profit None obtaineth his desire at all times He is not discouraged at-all but rather encreaseth his Caution 21. At as many times answer each other by way of Comparison in the same Sentence and must then be rendred the former by aeque the latter by ac or the former by tam the latter by quam 22. At before a word betokening time price manner instrument or game must have no Latin made for it it is only a Sign of an Ablative Case To be at to be present at intersum with a Dative adsum with an Ablative e. g. 1. A poor Man is as happy without riches if he enjoy contentedness of mind as the richest Earl that coveteth greater Honour 2. He that spendeth the night at Cards and the day in drinking bereaveth himself of his reason and his Children and all the family of due sustenance Be not present at unlawful Games lest thou be tempted to trifle away thy time with them lest thou become as foolish as they 23. Become of is to be Latined by fio with de 24. Before when a Verb with its Nominative Case comes next after it is to be rendred by antequam when a word of time or place by ante heretofore antehac 25. Being before to with a Verb is made by a Participle in rus 26. Both spoken of two is made by ambo or uterque but when both is answered by and both is rendred by cum and by tum e. g. 1. What will become of the Man that loseth all his worldly Friends and hath not hope in an Heavenly Father whose favour lesseneth the terror of all other losses 2. He that getteth to himself better riches before he loseth lower things is rich after all his poverty He that improveth time to get sure hope of a blessed Eternity before he dieth is happy not only after but before death Being to depart out of this world he rejoyceth 3. Wealth and Honour are both vain They both sometimes make the owner worse He that layeth out his time upon them both misseth of better things and even sometimes is frustrated of his expectation when he hath obtained them 27. But is rendred several ways After cannot it is rendred by non after not doubting not questioning and such like Expressions by quin when it intimates so many so often or any quantity and no more by solummodo but for by absque not but that non quod non When it excepteth some person or thing from what we have been saying before by praeter or nisi sometimes it is the same with who not and must be rendred by qui non 28. Either sometimes signifies one of the two and is then rendred by utervis Alteruter sometimes it is immediately answered by or and then rendred by aut vel 29. Else after who or what Interrogatives after something nothing some-body no-body is rendred by alius for otherwise alias 30. So far from having that after it is rendred by adeo non with us As-far-as by quantum or quoad e. g. 1. A Fool cannot but laugh at all times but when he cries He knows nothing but those two extreams He doubteth not but he hath reason enough to laugh if he see but the wagging of a feather by the wind There is none but is apt to laugh at such an Idiot but we ought rather to pity his hard circumstances but-for the kindness of God we had been like him It becometh boys to be of a modest countenance and behaviour and not to signifie by their faces either mirth or sorrow before Superiors 2. Gold and Honour are two great Idols of the world worshipped by more than used to appear at Ephesus to worship the great Goddess Diana But he that preferreth either of them before godliness or setteth them in a chief room of his heart as his God is an Idolater as well as he that worshippeth Images or bendeth his knees to a marble Statue There are some that desire nothing else they will obtain them else a tempest is more calm than their discontented mind But if their wishes succeed they are so far from being happy that as far as can be observed they are less satisfied than when they had nothing The rich man would
fain be richer 31. For before a Verb with its Nominative Case must always be made by nam or enim Sometimes it is the same with as and must be then rendred by in with an Accusative before the names of Diseases by contra before other Substantives by pro. 32. Hither with the before it is always an Adjective and must be rendred by citerior made to agree with its Substantive which always stands next after it When it betokens place by huc 33. How before Adjectives and Adverbs derived of Adjectives must not be made by quomodo but by quam How with much and a Comparative Degree by quantò 34. But if must be rendred by sin but if not by sin minus 35. Not is omitted after the Verb caveo e g. 1. It becometh children to pull off their Hats when they meet those to whom reverence is due from them For by uncovering their heads and bending their bodies they shew an humble and obedient mind Those Parents are to be blamed that teach not civility But how much more ignorant are they that think it a sin to use any respectful behaviour and forbid their Children strictly to salute any man How clownish are those Children that are educated by such Parents 2. Take heed thou offend not thy Parents But if thou hast done any thing worthy of their anger be sorry for thy crime beg their pardon upon thy bended knees for a token of thy repentance If thou do so they will perhaps pardon thee but if not thou must expect punishment 3. Sometimes warm things are good for the Tooth-ach and sometimes cold things But sometimes no medicine can cure the pain Who would think the aking of so small a Bone should produce so grievous a torment 4. If thou stand on the hither side of a Brook which hath a narrow Bridge and seest thy superior on the farther side by-no-means pass over till he have first passed Give place in all places to those that excel thee 36. If let stand before a Verb of the first Person Singular the Verb must be made of the Subjunctive Mood 37. Like is not always an Adjective but sometimes a Verb viz. when it hath a person before it in the English when next after a Verb similiter 38. Less with a Substantive with which it may agree is to be made by minor with a Verb or no nothing much little by minus an Adverb 39. Much with a Substantive is to be made by multus with a Verb by magnopere before Comparatives and Superlatives by longè or if how be joyned with much by quanto if so tanto 40. More for rather is made by magis for hereafter by posthà c The more in the former part of a Sentence by quò in the latter part answering to the former by eo e. g. 1. Let a Boy of ingenious mind be commended and he will study the more diligently The more he is praised the more he coveteth further commendation Let me teach those Boys that are of tender disposition and my labour shall be easie but naughty Boys are always mingled among the good No Teacher is free from vexation 2. Idle Boys like careless Masters but Parents chuse those that are industrious and vertuous that their Children may be like them Parents care is less when the Masters care is certain 3. The Man provoketh less that knoweth not his duty than he that neglecteth wilfully Much knowledg rendreth a Man unexcusable How much more safe is he that is invincibly ignorant than he that is unmoveably obstinate 4. Many Men see sometimes the folly of vice and say to themselves I will never more commit that wickedness but they forget their purposes they strive more to find out occasions of sin than to avoid them 41. Most with a Substantive coming immediately after it is made by plerique 42. Neither when it relates to two things spoken before is made by Neuter when nor answereth it it is made by nec 43. Never with the before a Comparative is rendred by nihilo 44. Of after a Substantive and before mine thine ours yours his and theirs is omitted and that word which comes after of in the English made in the Latin to agree with the Substantive which went before of 45. Over after a Verb is a sign only of the Dative Case and must have no Latin word made for it e. g. 2. Most Authors which Boys read have some hurtful things in them but they are not therefore to be rejected Wholsom Herbs grow among poysonous ones and yet are never the worse Good Boys neither regard nor delight in those things which are unseemly 2. A Friend of mine lost his honour the same day in which a Friend ef yours was created Earl But the conditions of human things are uncertain God ruleth the World To some he giveth both pleasure and profit to others he vouchsafeth neither 46. Self or selves must be rendred either by ipse or by adding met to the Pronoun foregoing except in the Pronoun se 47. Since for seeing-that is rendred by cum or quandoquidem for from or after by a ab or ex For ago by abhinc in other Cases ex quo 48. Such before a Substantive by talis or ejusmodi when an Adjective comes next it by tam adeo 49. That after same is rendred by qui or ac after words of fear in affirmative Speeches by ne if not be added by ut or nè non e. g. 1. He is best that thinketh himself worst Since those that think themselves good are fuller of Pride than of Piety He that considereth his own past life will find that he he hath always been an offender since he was capable of acting 2. Who can say I have not disobeyed God since my Youth Who would be guilty of such Pride Who dare speak such a bold word The best of men sinneth every day and what preventeth that God doth not punish the same moment that man offendeth 3. I fear that those Children will become evil men that have seen evil Examples of Paronts I fear that they will not have wisdom to shun their parents Vices 50. The before any Comparative is made by quò and answered by eo 51. Till before a Noun is made by usque ad before a Verb with its Nominative Case by donec 52. Together after words of time is rendred by per set before the word of time In company at the same time or place by simul 53. So for also is rendred by etiam before an Adjective or Adverb by nimts nimium 54. Very before an Adjective or Adverb is only a sign of the Superlative Degree or may be made by valde before a Substantive by merus e. g. 1. The more learned a man is he either is or ought to be the more humble he that is proud of his wisdom is indeed a very fool 2. That is a very excellent Rule which Christ our Saviour hath given us to observe viz. Do to others as
mine thy or thine our your when they note Possession must be rendred by the Possessive Pronouns meus tuus noster vester but when they may with as good sense be turned into of me of thee c. and it is indifferent in the English which you use yet it is not alike in Latin but must be rendred by the Genitive Case of the Primitive e. g. 1. My Picture is not like me 2. That is indeed thine Image because thou boughtest it but it is not the Image of thee it is more beautiful than thy face by many degrees 3. Thy desire of me is stronger than my desire of thee thou lovest me because I am profitable to thee but thou art unworthy of my love because thou art void of all Virtue Reg. 2. Nostrum Vestrum c. Rule 2. Nostrum and vestrum not nostri and vestri are used in the Genitive Case Plural after Adjectives which govern a Genitive Case especially Partitives Comparatives and Superlatives e. g. 1. The younger of us is more learned than the elder of you who are never mindful of your duty 2. Every one of you will be punished but each of us shall be praised you all despise the School-laws but we observe them Reg. 3. Sui suus reciproca c. Rule 3. The several Cases of the Pronoun Primitive sui are used for the English word him or them when the Particle self or selves is either joined to him or them or is understood and may be express'd and the Possessive suus for his or their when own is or may be with it e. g. 1. Every man loveth those that are like himself and despiseth those that are hurtful to him Nature teacheth to love our Friends but Religion teacheth to love our Enemies 2. My Father sold his own Horse and neglected his journey which he designed because my mother is sick of a Fever and we fear her Death my Father testifieth greatest love he is always near her and bewaileth waileth her sickness so greatly that we fear my father's death also Sorrow is an heavy burden which sometimes killeth him that suffereth it Note When the Particles self selves or own neither are nor may be added then his is made by ejus their by eorum the Genitive Cases eum eos for him or them e. g. 1. All men hate his manners who speaketh that which he doth not think 2. Some are more prone to Vice than others and some strive more to conceal those Vices that they commit than others hypocrites sin secretly men see not their wickedness but God seeth their hypocrisie the most private of all sins and will punish them 3. God blasteth his estate that despiseth his parents Providence doth not prosper their labours that neglect their best friends Rule 4. Ipse and idem are of all persons according to the person of the Noun or Pronoun to which they belong Reg. 5. Ille tum usurpatur c. Rule 5. Ille is used for he or that when we speak of any person or thing with respect Iste when we speak of him or that which we despise e. g. 1. I scorn him that behaveth himself proudly but I admire him who tho he be great and rich yet is of humble behaviour 2. Who doth not laugh at that man's folly that despiseth that honour which great actions procure which the praise of wise men giveth and only desireth to obtain the shouts of the unconstant common-people whose words are more vain than the wind who quickly hate the same man that before they loved Reg. 6. Hic ille cum ad duo Anteposita c. Rule 6. When in a former sentence we have occasion to mention two Substantives either persons or things and afterwards would speak something concerning them by these expressions this that the one the other the former the latter in such sentences this the one the latter must be rendred by hic to have respect to the latter Substantive mentioned that the other the former by ille to refer to the first mentioned and to agree with them in Gender accordingly e. g. 1. Virtue and Vice divide the whole World between them this hath a greater part but that is the more desirable the one deceiveth the other maketh happy the former giveth true pleasure the latter bringeth assured misery 2. Wilt thou chuse Wisdom rather than Folly the one will make thee honourable the other procures contempt hard study and industry procure wisdom labour thou therefore otherwise after many years instruction thou shalt be a fool Construction of Verbs Verbs requiring a Neminative Case Reg. 1. VErba Substantiva sum forem fio c. Rule 1. Verbs Substantive sum forem sio existo Verbs Passive òf calling as nominor appellor dicor vocor nuncupor scribor salutor habeor existimor putor videor nascor require a Nominative Case of the Noun following them 1. Our Master is diligent but I have been hitherto an idle Boy I have imitated the Example of Drones I have lost my Parents love who always provided all things necessary for me I have been unworthy of their care but I will deserve to be called the most diligent of all the Scholars for the-time-to come 2. The Lion is accounted the most generous of Beasts because he is more placable than others Men fear his roaring but he seemeth merciful for he hurteth not his Enemy submitting The bloody minds of many men are more barbarous than wild Beasts 3. Man is a Creature of upright body He walketh upright whilst he is in his journey when night cometh he lieth flat and sleepeth when old age diminisheth his strength his body bendeth downward towards the earth at length he leaveth his earthly part in the Grave and his Soul ascendeth to Heaven where he dwelleth for ever Reg. 2. Infinitum quoque utrinque eosdem casus c. Rule 2. Any of those Verbs if they be put into the Infinitive Mood require the same Case after which they had next before them tho it be a Dative Accusative or Ablative e. g. Silence makes a man to be esteemed wise Talkativeness causeth a pratler to be thought foolish Reg. 3. Denique omnia fere verba c. Rule 3. Any Verb must have a Nominative Case after it if an Adjective come next to it which agrees with the Nominative Case to the Verb e g. 1. I came first and therefore I was praised and shall be well rewarded thou who always comest last losest thine honour and art reckoned a sluggard 2. Hypocrites pray loud but the silent requests of the righteous are heard their desires shall be satisfied whiles hypocrites with all their pretended Piety shall perish Note An Adverb ending in ly coming after a Verb may sometimes elegantly be rendred by an Adjective of the Nominative Case e g. 1. He that learneth diligently shall soon excel his idle Companions that play always 2. A good man dieth willingly because he hath lived pioussy An honest life causeth a
not for his friends we were born for the publick good generous men are forward to all works profitable for the Commonwealth they neglect themselves in comparison of the Countrey 2. The wicked layeth a snare for the man that is more righteous than him but God careth for his Servants and preserveth to them their lives he layeth up everlasting happiness for them Exc. 1. Verbs betokening motion or readiness with to after them require an Accusative always with the Preposition ad 1. He that playeth when he ought to go to School endureth severest punishments and besides findeth his labour more wearisome when he returneth to his Study because of his past idleness 1. Man hastneth to his end whiles he is strong of body and sprightly in mind he is many times near his Death innumerable dangers encompass him one of which bringeth him to the Grave the longest life is short Exc. 2. Verbs of exhorting provoking inclining calling belonging and loquor have also an Accusative after them with ad never a Dative 1. God inviteth sinners to Eternal Happiness he calleth them to repentance he speaketh most graciously unto them he hath prepared for Penitent Sinners all things that belong to blessedness all things that they can desire but their hearts are hard all arguments move not till God's appointed time 2. Remember Oh foolish Boys your Master's words he exhorteth you to industry which is beneficial to your selves your pains shall produce great gains he spendeth his own strength for your benefit be not your own enemies Reg. 2. Imprimis Verba significantia c. 2. Verbs of profiting helping pleasing and the contrary to them require a Dative Case after them 1. He that only pleaseth himself doth not profit himself but prejudiceth his own honour and happiness because he displeaseth God his Greator who calleth his Servants to abstinence and denial of themselves 2. A Blockhead answereth not the care of his Master who wasteth his strength in vain whilst he teacheth a Boy whose understanding is uncapable of learning Parents accuse the Teacher of neglect because they see no proficiency but tho fools by Nature sometimes become wise by Art and Education yet every Mind is not brought to Wisdom Exc. Laedo offendo to hurt and delecto to delight will have always an accusative Case after them and also the Englist Verbs tend avail conduce make to or for an Accusative with the Preposition ad 1. The School delighteth diligent Boys for in it they have a good Master that teacheth them they have good Books which they read they have beloved School-fellows whose mutual Societies helpeth their Studies they are free from dangers to which Boys playing are exposed they are not near those evil Examples that entice idle Boys they get Virtue and Wisdom which they esteem more excellent than play 2. Temperance conduceth to length of Life it maketh for the preservation of health luxury pleaseth the palate but it offendeth the stomach which when laden with various meats turns not them all into nourishment but into matter of Diseases from intemperance proceed head-aches Fevers Apoplexies Consumptions and almost all kinds of Diseases a Glutton hasteth more swiftly than others to his Grave Reg. 3. Verba comparandi c. 3. Verbs of comparing or equlling require besides an Accusative of the thing or person compared a Dative of the Noun next following them which hath to or with before it 1. If the longest life be compared to Eternity it is very short if the happiest condition be compared with Heaven it is miserable and not worthy of our desires Earthly Happiness sometimes doth harm but Heaven is altogether desirable 2. If we compare the number of good men to the multitude of the wicked it is small tho they shall be increased they shall never be made equal with them the Enemies of God will be more numerous than his Servants Note Sometimes the Ablative Case with cum sometimes the Accusative with ad is found after Verbs of comparing Reg. 4. Verba dandi reddendi c. 4. Verbs betokening to give restore and return when it is a Verb active require an accusative Case of the thing given and a Dative of the person to whom e.g. Give-ye those things to Caesar which are Caesar's unto God the things which be God's God will give those men a reward that please him and those whom he hath set-up Governours of the World He that rebelleth against Princes displeaseth God 2. I returned my Master the Book which I borrowed He lent it me and it was my duty to read it not to keep it tho Books delight me very much I ought to restore them to the owners the Fables pleased my fancy the Phrases conduced to my advantage he willingly giveth me any thing that maketh for my good what friend shall I compare with him who is always ready to mine assistance Reg. 5. Haec variam habent c. 5. Some Verbs govern after them different Cases as dono a Dative of the Person and Accusative of the thing or an Accusative of the Person and Ablative of the thing insterno the same Tempore moderor a Dative or an Accusative scribo mitto a Dative or Accusative with ad Consulo to give Counsel a Dative to ask Counsel an accusative and many others some in the same signification some in a different sense which may be learned more fully by experience Reg. 6. Verba promittendi solvendi sidendi c. 6. Verbs betokening to owe promise or pay and Verbs of believing crediting committing govern a Dative Case after them of the person to whom with an accusative of the thing 1. I owe him money because I promised to pay to him another man's debt but at present I my self have need of money that I may pay my own Creditors whom I will pay first 2. Thou hast often promised but I will never believe thee it is a dangerous thing for any to break his promise for no body will believe him afterwards his words are unworthy of credit that once deceiveth 3. Our blessed Saviour Jesus Christ paid the debt which we had contracted it is a most righteous thing that we please him who hath redeemed us let us return him the greatest praises let his precepts delight us let his blameless life be our Example 4. Thy mind is like a Sieve I will not commit secrets to thy trust thou hast promised secrecy but thou forgettest thy promise I pity thine imprudence thou wilt never obtain the love of thy Friends if thou be guilty of that folly He that betrayeth his own secrets is a fool but he that revealeth his Friends counsels is treacherous most worthy of hatred Reg. 7. Verba imperandi nunciandi c. 7. Verbs of commanding except jubeo Verbs of telling or speaking to except loquor must have after them a Dative Case of the person and an accusative of the thing 1. God commanded Abraham the Father of the Faithful to sacrifice Isaac his only
c. The English Infinitive Mood hath next before it the sign to Or such English Verbs as have the sign to before them must be rendred into Latin by the Infinitive Mood e. g. 1. He that desireth to learn and to be-wise is not content with one reading he readeth-over-again Some have need of many readings whose memories are not tenacious of instructions the memories of some Boys are like the water which retaineth not an impression Children of less wit conquer a difficulty by frequency which the hasty labour and industry of greater wits cannot conquer Use patience thereby thou shalt attain to whatsoever thou desirest to understand 2. The Boy that never doubteth learneth nothing he is rash and ignorant how much labour exact learning will cost a Boy he forgetteth consideration which is most necessary for all that learn he thinketh himself wise therefore he is justly thought a fool by all others he that goeth most slowly is wiser than his companion who runneth headlong Drones are not worthy of commendation but the over-hasty are worse than they extremes are dangerous in all things Go the middle way if thou desirest to attain thine end Rule 2. When two Verbs come together without a Nominative Case between them tho the latter have not the sign to before it it is the English Infinitive Mood and must be put into the Infinitive Mood Latin 1. A godly Son dares not disobey his Parents tho they be fond of him he abuseth not their love they indulge him yet he pleaseth them for if he resist his Parents will he displeaseth God he will not hearken to the evil counsel of wicked Boys that are void of the fear of God he had-rather be despised and lose their company because of his honesty The love of the wicked is more dangerous than their hatred 2. Who can compare any other treasure with Learning It excelleth Riches and Honours for all Substance being taken away Learning abideth inviolable violence cannot spoil a man of it it continueth untouched in the midst of all losses Rule 3. When two Verbs come together in English with nothing but a Nominative Case between them that Nominative Case may be turned into the Accusative and the Verb which seemed to be the Indicative Mood be made by the Latin Infinitive 1. When Alexander the Great called to mind himself had killed his dearest Friend he intended to have stabbed himself but some of his Soldiers knew he intended evil to himself and hindred him Self-murther had not well revenged Man-slaughter the Death of so great an Emperor had not repaired but had doubled the loss 2. Titus Vespasian the Eleventh Roman Caesar after that he had conquered and taken Jerusalem when he entred into the City and the Temple lamented the divided Inhabitants had destroyed so glorious a City by their cruelty and obstinacy he the Conqueror pitied the Conquered he bewailed their folly He was called The delight of mankind no Prince was ever of a sweeter temper 3. Historians say Aristides left not when he died money sufficient for the charges of his Funeral they tell us the publick Treasure supplied the greater part But if for the Counjunction understood quòd be exprest in the Latin the Nominative Case and the Indicative or Subjunctive Mood must remain as they seem in the English to come after quòd N.B. 2. When the Conjunction that is express'd in the English and it seems as if quòd must be made for it in Latin quòd may more elegantly be left out and the word which seems to be the Nominative Case translated by the Accusative and Verb by the Infinitive Mood e. g. 1. He that believeth the report that he heareth from a liar is a fool a wise man never trusteth him that once deceived him he that is deceived once by a Knave blameth the deceiver's deceit but he that is twice cheated by the same man betrayeth the greatest imprudence he that knows that his companion is deceitful and yet trusts him tells all the world that himself hath lost his reason 2. That is a Boy of a generous spirit that when he heard that his Master praised him used his utmost diligence that he might not seem unworthy of the praise which his Master gave him that is perswaded by arguments more strongly than by stripes 3. When a wise man heareth that himself is blamed he enquireth who blameth him if he understand that good men accuse him he accuseth himself by their Testimony and ceaseth to commit those things which seem evil to others if he hear that wicked men blame him if for a just cause he bewareth for-the-future but if they accuse him because his exact virtue displeaseth them he rejoiceth in their accusations Reg. 4. Prius supinum Activè c. 4. The English of the Infinitive Mood active after another Verb betokening motion as going coming c. must not be made by the Latin Infinitive but by the first Supine of the Latin verb e. g. 1. A man that spendeth many years and layeth out all his time upon trifles is like a Merchant that went a long Voyage to fetch ashes from Mount Aetna which being exposed to the winds he lost them all in his return 2. Ovid saith The younger women go to the Theatre to see the young men to shew their gay cloaths to procure themselves wooers they go not only to see and to hear 3. Boys go to the Church to hear Sermons but they do not attend to the Preacher they hear of serious things but their minds are busied about vanity they forget the pious instructions they are unmindful of their ownadvantage they sit talking of play and of things which do not belong to their welfare they go away void of all piety They are most worthy of punishment that abuse Sabbaths Boys are sent to Church to get increase of spiritual knowledge Rule 5. The English of the Infinitive Mood Passive to be coming next after a Verb betokening motion must not be rendred by the Latin Infinitive but by the Subjunctive with the Conjunction ut 1. Boys come to School to be instructed but they are enemies to themselves they do not use their time rightly the Master endeavours to teach them but they do not answer his care they are a grief to the Master who pitieth their ignorance 2. He that is worse than his Ancestors and more ignoble is of a base spirit but whosoever endeavoureth to advance the honour of his Family by greater virtue is truly worthy of a great Name among men He that hasteth to be honoured deservedly is wise but he that runneth with all speed in the paths of vice hasteneth to destroy himself and his honour and is deservedly called a fool Rule 6. The English of the Infinitive Mood active coming after the English of any Tense of the Verb Sum must not be rendred by the Latin Infinitive but by a Participle of the Future in rus 1. When thou art to chuse Companions for thy self find-out
those that are better and wiser than thy self of whom thou maist learn something he that learneth of all with whom he converseth is like a Bee that when it is to perform its wonted task gathereth honey every-where but he that chuseth only useful Companions is like the Ermin which when it is to move from its former place treadeth only in the cleanest paths 2. Converse with those that are more honourable than thy self so shalt thou be honoured of all that observe thy choice but avoid those that are too much greater than thy self they will be Lords not Friends they will scorn thee when thou art to undergo misfortunes Rule 7. The English of the Infinitive Mood Passive after any Tense of Sum must be rendred by the Participle of the Future in dus never by the Infinitive Latin 1. The goodness of God is to be praised who bestoweth even upon his enemies innumerable kindnesses who giveth rain and other necessaries to those that serve him not It becometh us to imitate his blessed example let us do good to our enemies that piety is to be admired which is extended to so great a degree 2. He is to be blamed that is over-prodigal they are to be despised that are covetous with-hold not thy money when there is need of it nor waste it when there is no need Riches are treasures lent to men by God which they must use as he pleaseth they are not to be laid out without his leave nor to be detained when he demandeth them Rule 8. The English of the Infinitive Mood signifying to the end for or that he might is made by the Gerund in dum or the Subjunctive Mood with ut or with a Relative 1. The Prince that hireth Soldiers to fight his Battels buyeth enemies to destroy himself they that for desire of reward will revenge any quarrel are dangerous to those to whom they seem Friends and whose cause they defend for more money will buy their force against their former Masters the richer Prince shall always have their help they serve Money not the Prince 2. He that buyeth Books only to lay up in his Closet who never readeth them is like a man that is desirous of fine Cloaths but layeth them up in his Chest and doth not put them on 3. He that only lives to gratifie his sensitive appetite is not a man but a beast he lives a bestial life he is the most base of all slaves that serves himself that man is to be honoured that prefers his noblest reason before his senses Reg. 9. Gerundia in di pendenta quibusdam c. 9. When the English of the Infinitive Mood active comes next after any of these Substantives viz. studium causa tempus gratia spes opportunitas modus ratio potestas licenta consuetudo consilium vis norma amor cupido locus or after an Adjective which would govern a Genitive Case of a Noun such English Infinitive Mood must be rendred by the Latin Gerund in di 1. Foolish sinners neglect Exhortation till time is past and when their wishes are vain Death approaching they then desire opportunity to amend their lives when they have abused Divine Patience they afterward beg space to return Late repentance is seldom true 2. He that hath stedfast hope to live for ever is not angry with Divine Providence when it bids him go hence he is sure to see Cod and what earthly felicity is to be compared with that vision 3. A desire to die is culpable when it proceeds only from impatience by reason of trouble But he that is desirous to live when death would be more honourable to God and Religion wanteth Christian courage is of a feeble mind 4. He that is greedy to heap up riches to himself nor careth by what arts or means he obtaineth them layeth up for himself repentance Unjust gain pleaseth the covetous but displeaseth God and the remembrance of it will become bitterness at last 5. The Devil useth many stratagems he hath many ways to deceive he is skilful to destroy time and experience have increased his cunning but he flieth from those that resolvedly resist him the strength of God assisting Reg. 10. Posterius supinum passivè c. Rule 10. The English Infinitive Mood passive coming after a Noun adjective must be rendred by the latter Supine of the Verb active 1. A man is hard to be found that preferreth the advantage of his Friend before his own that not only pitieth his Friend's calamities but also helpeth him with all his might Adversity is the fittest time to try the sincerity of Friendship The Bonds of Friendship are to be observed as sacred 2. Parents are worthy to be reproved that indulge their children too much He that careth not for his Family is worse than an heathen he is worse than a brute But those Parents that give children leave to live and act according to their own will are unfaithful to them 3. The conditions of parents is to be bewailed that are deprived of their children but the hard lot of children is more worthy to be lamented that are destitute of Parents for they are exposed to unknown events 4. A child that feareth God is afraid to speak those things which others act he is afraid to repeat words which other Boys spoke His pious parents tell him That all wickedness is not only sinful to be committed but is also sometimes dangerous always unhandsom to be express'd But children too often speak of the evil words and works of their companions with delight at best without hatred N. B. The English Infinitive Mood after Adjectives may elegantly be also rendred by the Subjunctive Mood of the Verb with the Relative qui For Exercise of which Boys may be accustomed to render that clause of the former Example wherein the force of the Rule lies both ways in the same Exercise viz. both by the latter Supine and by the Subjunctive Reg. 11. The English Infinitive Mood Active after any Tense of Sum when the Infinitive Mood noteth property duty or place must be rendred by the Latin Infinitive as it seemeth to be but the word that seemeth to be the Nominative case to Sum must then be turned into the Genitive governed of Sum or it may be rendred by opportet c. 1. The Master is to take care that the Scholar neglect not his Study while he is in School but Parents are to look-to-it that Children obey them when they are dismiss'd from School It is not meet to trouble the Master with Domestick faults 2. Children and men are to avoid rash speaking All must use consideration He that speaketh without care often remembreth some words which fill him with sorrow afterwards An hasty Tongue is full of folly and vanity and most frequently guilty of lies Those that expect peace and safety are to restrain their Tongues with a bridle Reg. 12. The English Infinitive Mood Active coming after Adjectives betokening worthiness fitness or something like
be rendred in Latin either by the Accusative Case or the Ablative 1. Our Countrey-house is twelve miles off from this place my Brother and I walked hither in three hours and we are still seven miles distant from our Inn we must walk apace that we may arrive thither this night 2. London the chief City of England is distant from York an hundred and one and fifty miles 3. Geographers account That the one Pole is Six thousand eight hundred seventy two English miles distant from the other Reg. 2. Nomina Appellativa nomina majorum c. Reg. 3. Omne Verbum admittit Genitivum c. Rule 2. At a place is the same with in and if the place be a proper name of a Countrey Province or Nation or a Noun Substantive Common it must be put in the Ablative Case with the Preposition in but in or at a smaller place as a single City or Town must be rendred by the Genitive Case if the Latin Noun or Place be of the first or second Declension and the Singular Number 1. I have been in Spain I have dwelt at Rome I abode two years in another City of Italy I lodged a whole Month at Paris in France yet foreign places did not delight my mind I had rather spend my time at School in London than live idly in a strange Land 2. Latin Books Printed at Amsterdam in Holland are to be preferred before all others Dutch Printers for the most part use better Letter and take more care in Correcting 3. When Alexander the Great was in Persia he destroyed Persepolis the Royal City Thais the Harlot persuaded him to destroy it and it was wholly wasted by his Command It stood a league off from the River Araxis forty Pillars Carved with wondrous Art remain Testimonies of its former glory 1. Hi Genitivi Humi domi militiae c. 1. On the ground at home in or at War are rendred by the Genitive cases of the Substantives A good Man always doth good to his Country when he is at home he dischargeth his duty by instructing his Family and making them useful to the Common-wealth he teacheth them obedience towards Princes and Magistrates that they may not be injurious to publick peace he teacheth them piety towards God and that they may learn he giveth them his own Example He knows that Godly Men are the best Subjects When he is in War which he never enters into without just cause he fighteth valiantly he endureth all hardship lyeth on the ground wanteth sleep suffereth showers and tempests content at his condition he feareth not Death but boldly meeteth that Enemy the most formidable of all for the sake of God the King and his Country at last he either dieth nobly in the Field or quietly in his Bed and all that remember him bewail the publick loss None can esteem such a Man at too great a price 2. Domi non alios secum patitur c. 2. The Genitive case domi at the house hath never any other Adjective made to agree with it except meae tuae suae nostrae vestrae alienae domi is never used for Latin to another word but at home except the English of one of those pronouns come with it 1. A wise Man dwelleth at home he abideth at his own house the Fool is always busy at another man's house and in the mean while he neglecteth his own affairs 2. He that dwells in a decayed house is more safe from Envy than the rich-man living in a Princely Palace few envy the poor whose condition is therefore to be esteemed happy Reg. 3. Verùm si proprium nomen loci c. Rule 3. When the proper name of a City or Town is of the Plural Number which is when there is no Singular or if it be of the Third Declension in or at such a place it must be rendred by the Dative or Ablative 1. Many wise men were born at Athens many famous Philosophers There was at Athens a famous University The Grecians heretofore did so far excel all other Nations in knowledg that they called all other men Barbarians in comparison of themselves as if all mankind were blind beside themselves But afterwards the glory of Greece was diminished and the Roman splendor exceeded it 2. The City Delphos and the Hill Parnassus were at Phocis a City of Achaia a Province of Greece The Oracle of Apollo was given at Delphos but when the Son of God took to himself flesh that Oracle and all others were reduced to silence Note When two Nouns Substantives come next to each other whereof both betoken place but of a different nature the one a Substantive proper the other an Appellative and yet both belong to one thing so that they ought by Apposition to be put both in one Case when they so seem yet they must not be of the same Case one with the other but each be put in its proper Case which it would be put in if it stood alone The Seat of the Roman Empire was at Rome the most noble Town of Italy but the power and strength of it extended to the farthest known parts of the World Reg. 4. Verbis significantibus motum ad locum c. Rule 4. To after a Verb of motion and before a word of place if the place be a proper name of a City or Town of whatsoever Declension or Number must be rendred by the accusative case without a Preposition If a noun Substantive Common or the name of a Countrey by the Accusative Case with ad or in 1. Scholars go from School to Oxford or to Cambridge that beside the Learned Languages they may study the Liberal Arts. But some are of so stupid brains that after-that they have continued there in the Universities many years they become nothing more learned which is greatly to be wondred at but those that are unteachable at School for the most part continue such The two Universities are the Eyes of the Nation but they cannot open the Eyes of the blind 2. Those that apply their minds to the study of Physick are often times sent to Holland to Leyden from which Universities famous Physicians have proceeded Reg. 5. Verbis significantibus motum à loco c. Rule 5. From or by a place if it be a proper name of a smaller place must be rendred by the Ablative case without a Preposition if an Appellative or the name of a greater place with a Preposition 1. Julius Caesar the Emperor after that he had conquered Britain built a Tower at London the chief City of Britain but he continued not â—t London he appointed Rulers in his stead and returned from London to Italy 2. Idle and wicked boys come from the Church and from the School more willingly than they go to them 3. Henry the Eighth King of England regarded not thet hreatnings and Bulls which came from Italy against him he violently shook off the Papal Power tho' he retained the Roman
must be put in the Genitive Case A comely Coat reacheth from the middle of the Legs up to the Shoulders For the various signification of Prepositions Boys may consult for their Information the Westminster Introduction where their Cases are likewise largely discoursed Of Interjections HEU Rule 1. an Interjection of exclaiming may have after it either a Nominative or an Accusative Case ah and proh rather an Accusative 1. Oh! the wickedness of these men that thirst after the Blood of their Neighbours men of such barbarous Cruelty ought to be thrust out into the Fields among the Beasts whom they are like except that they exceed them in bloodiness Ah! the horrid murthers that some have committed 2. There is not one Atheist in Hell those that in this World laughed at all serious things when they come to Eternity cry out Alas my folly alas my ignorance and madness oh the dismal effects which unbelief produceth Heretofore I thought Hell was a Dream but now I find I my self only dreamed and now that I am awakened I begin to know and to exercise my Senses too late Rule 2. Hei and vae require a Dative Case after them Wo be to those that resist the Almighty God He is the surest Friend but the sharpest Enemy his love is sweet but his wrath is bitter his favour is Heaven but his frowns are Hell Wo wo to all that do not please him Those that mock at his threatnings shall tremble at the execution of them The end of the Sentences which are fitted as Examples to the Grammar-Rules Additional Notes 1. IN making Latin Boys are apt to be greatly puzled and at a loss to know when that is a Relative and ought to be rendred by qui and when it is a Conjunction to be Latined by quod or ut Let them therefore for their help in that difficulty observe these following Notes viz. 1. It is neither a Relative nor a Conjunction when it stands the first word after any Point or Stop greater than a Comma as after a Colon Semi-colon or Period but in such places it is to be rendred by the Pronoun demonstrative iste That is always a Relative when it may he turned into which which must be tried in reading over the English Sentence wherein it is and judging warily how the Sense would bear it If it cannot be altered salvo sensu it is a Conjunction 3. There is always between the Conjunction that and the Verb a Nominative Case to the Verb but between that the Relative and the Verb standeth no Nominative Case except the Relative be not the Nominative Case but that is usually the Nominative Case to the Verb it self 4. The Conjunction that commonly comes next after a Verb which signifies speaking knowing finding hearing or some such like English 5. It is neither a Conjunction nor a Relative when there followeth immediately after it a Substantive which must be put into some oblique Case to be governed of or to follow the Verb next foregoing that In such Case it must be rendred by the Pronoun Demonstrative iste e. g. 1. All men despise that man that boasteth of his own Exploits That man whose Acts Fame doth magnifie retaineth his Honour without diminishing even after his Death but whosoever praiseth himself bewrayeth Vanity All men will think that he attributeth too much to himself Deserve praise of others but still retain an humble mind 2. That man was of a base mind that having resolved to get himself a Name studied to execute some monstrous Villany for the sake of which men might talk of him he chose to be famous for impiety rather than that his Name should be buried in oblivion But the Emperour in whose Land the Wretch dwelt frustrated him of his purpose by forbidding his Name to be mentioned in the History tho' the Fact was chronicled 2. That a Relative is sometimes understood in the English and must be exprest in Latin by making qui for it And then is it understood when in a Sentence there wanteth either a Nominative case to the Verb or an Accusative Case to follow the Verb which cannot be supplied from any other word in the Sentence e. g. There is none except a fool will sell his Inheritance that his Father left him for nothing There is none except a very indigent man will sell his Inheritance at all An Estate which hath descended from Father to Son ought to be transmitted to Posterity There is nothing Prodigality loves so well as to spend lavishly the fruits of the Predecessors Industry there is nothing a wise man desireth more than that his Children enriched by him may bless him after his death God performeth the Promises he hath made to industrious men 3. It is a usual thing for Boys to err in rendring the English of the Present Tense Passive by making it by the Participle of the Preter Tense with Sum es est which must always be carefully avoided because that Participle with est maketh up all the Preter Tenses which must be confounded with the Present e. g. He is praised that is of humble behaviour towards all men courtesie hath a wonderful effect the proud man is abhorred the meek are honourable Obs In such cases as these or in any other of like nature where Boys are apt by reason of the English ambiguity to translate wrong it may not be altogether unprofitable for them to make the Expression in which the Ambiguity is both ways h. e. First right according to the Caution and afterwards as they would or are wont to make it but within a Parenthesis with non before it 4. Boys generally conclude that when they have may would might should the Verb must be of the Potential Mood according to the signs mentioned in their Accidence to which also ought is there added and can but not rightly But sometimes those are not meerly signs but must be made by a distinct Verb. And that is when the seeming sign betokens something of duty lawfulness or earnestness of desire When they have an Emphasis in them otherwise when they intimate nothing Emphatical they are only signs of particular Tenses of their Verbs e. g. 1. Boys may play when the Master hath given leave but without leave they may not lotter one hour Idle Boys would fain escape doing their duty they would rejoyce if they might play whole weeks 2. Children should willingly obey their Parents but for the most part they are Rebellious Obedience is a lovely Sacrifice in the sight of God whom all should Study to please 3. If Children should govern themselves to what misery would they bring themselves yet they are seldom content with the most favourable Government they have a desire either to change or to be quite left to their own will Their unripe Reason is like Phaeton ' 's pride who would govern a Chariot which was beyond his strength Let them use Patience he that cannot obey well will never command right 5.
be Latin c. Opus usus c. These Impersonals will have a Genitive Case Interest Refert est for Interest By Interest Refert est for Interest These Impersonals will have a Dative Accidit Câ—rtum est Contingit Constat Confert Competit Conducit Convenit Placet Displicet Dolet Expedit Evenit Liquet Libet Licet Nocet Prodest Praestat Patet Stat Restat Benefit Mal fit Satisfit Superest Sufficit Vacat c. By certain Impersonals require a Dative c. By In Dativum Feruntur haec Impersonalia c. These will have an Accusative only Delectat Decet Juvat Oportet By some will have an Accusative only Per haec Impersonalia accusandi These Impersonals will have an Accusative with a Genitive Paenitet Taedet Miseret Miserescit Pudet Piget By some besides an Acc. will have a Gen. c. His Impersonalibus subjicitur accusaâ—ivus cum Genitivo c. These Participles will have an Accusative Case when they signifie actively Exosus Perosus Pertaesus But Exosus Perosus By these participial voices c. Exosus Perosus c. Dat. when they signifie passively Exosus Perosus etiam cum c. These Participles will have an Ablative Case Natus Prognatus Satus Ortus Cretus Creatus Ediâ—â—s By Natus Prognatus c. These Words if the Late Learned Mr. Wase formerly Master of the Free-School at Tunbridge may be credited as who will question it being got perfectly without Book will much advantage Boys in putting Words in the true Case and revive the Rules they have learned Neither will it be lost Labour as I suppose if once or twice in a Month they read them over to fix them in their memory These Words having escaped the Press in the Index the Learner is desired to write them under their Proper Letters TO blind Caeco as avi 1 act To charge Jubeo es ussi 2 act To commend Laudo as avi 1 act A Dog-Day Canis canicularis 3 m. To Dye Colours Tingo is xi 3 act Farewell Vale defect A Fishing-Cane Arundo inis 3 f. Fierce Atrox ocis adj 3 art A Hen Gallina ae 1 f. Icy Glacialis le lis adj 3 art To make fit Concinno as avi 1 act Prudent Prudens t is adj 3 art A Scent Odor ris 3 m. Sluggish Ignavus a um adj Smooth Planus a um adj To Sow with a Needle Suo is ui 3 n. An Embrace Amplexus us 4 m. Lust Cupido mis. 3 f. A portion Des tis 3 f. A Persecutor Persecutor is 3 m. FINIS BOOKS Printed and Sold by THOMAS COCKERIL at the Three Legs over against the Stocks Market THE Works of the Late Learned Divine Stephen Charnock B.D. In 2 Vol. Fol. A Demonstration of the First Principles of the Protestant Applications of the Apocalypse Together with the Consent of the Ancients concerning the Fourth Beast in the 7th of Daniel and the Beast in the Revelations By Drue Cressener D. D. The Morning Exercises at Cripplegate of several Cases of Conscience practically resolved by sundry Ministers in 4to A Supplement to the Morning Exercise at Cripplegate or several more Cases of Conscience practically resolved by sundry Ministers in 4to Speculum Theologiae in Christo or a view of some Divine Truths which are either practically exemplified in Jesus Christ set forth in the Gospel or may be reasonably deduced from thence by Edward Polhil of Burwash in Sussex Esquire in 4to 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 A Succinct and Seasonable Discourse of the Occasions Causes Nature Rise Growth and Remedies of Mental-Errors Written some Months since and now made publick both for the healing and prevention of the Sins and Calamities which have broken in this way upon the Churches of Christ to the great scandal of Religion hardening of the Wicked and obstruction of Reformation Whereunto are subjoyned by way of Appendix I. Vindiciarum Vindex Being a Succinct but full Answer to Mr. Philip Cary's Weak Impertinent Exceptions to my Vindiciae Legis Faederis II. A Synopsis of Ancient and Modern Antinomian-Errors with Scriptural-Arguments and Reasons against them III. A Sermon composed for the preventing and healing of Rents and Divisions of the Church by John Flavel Preacher of the Gospel at Dartmouth in Devon With an Epistle of several Divines relating to Dr. Crisp's Works A Discourse of Regeneration Faith and Repentance Preached at the Merchants Lecture in Broadstreet by Thomas Cole Minister of the Gospel London A Discourse concerning Liturgys by the Late Learned Divine Mr. David Clarkson Precious Faith considered in its nature working and growth by Edward Polhil Esq c. in 4to Geography Rectified or a description of the World in all its Kingdoms Provinces Cities Towns Seas Rivers Bays Capes Forts their Ancient and Present Names Inhabitants Situations Histories Customs Governments c. And also their Commodities Coyns Weights and Measures compared with those of London Illustrated with above sixty new Maps The whole Work performed according to the accurate Discoveries of Modern Authors The Third Edition Enlarged in 4to The right use of an Estate briefly directed and urged in a Sermon lately Preached to a Person of Quality upon his coming to Age by Tho. Dorrington 4to Christus in Corde Or the Mystical Union between Christ and Believers considered in its Resemblances Bonds Seals Priviledges and Marks by Edward Polhil Esq in Octavo De Causa Dei Or a Vindication of the Common Doctrine of the Protestant Divines concerning Predetermination i. e. the Interest of God as the first Cause in all actions as such of all Rational Creatures from the invidious consequences with which it is burthened by Mr. John How in a late Letter of Postcript of God's Prescience in Octavo The Spiritual Remembrancer Or a brief Discourse of those who attend upon Preaching the Gospel by Samuel Wells in 8vo Poesews Graecae Medulla in qua continentur Insigniores Poetarum Graecorum gnomae versus Proverbiales Epigrammata quaedam selecta in memoriae subsidium Alphabeticè disposita cum versione Latinâ in usum Scholarum per Johannem Langston in 8vo Poems in two Parts First An Interlocutory Discourse concerning the Creation Fall and Recovery of Man Secondly A Dialogue between Faith and a Doubting Soul By Samuel Slater in 8vo A Renunciation of several Popish Doctrines because contrary to the Doctrine of Faith of the Church of England by R. R. B. D. in 8vo A Practical Grammar Or the Easiest and shortest way to initiate young Children in the Latin Tongue by the help whereof a Child of seven years old may learn more of the Grounds of that Language in three Months than is ordinarily learnt in a years space by those of a greater age in a common Grammar-School Published for the use of those that love not to be tedious To which are added Tables of Mr. Walker's Particles by the assistance whereof young Scholars may be the better enabled to peruse that excellent and most useful Treatise by J. Philomath Master of a Free-school in 8vo A Treatise of Divine Providence First In General Secondly In Particular as relating to the Church of God in the World by that Eminent Minister of Christ Mr. Stephen Charnock B. D. sometimes Fellow of New-College in Oxon in 8vo The Evidence of things not seen Or divers Spiritual and Philosophical Discourses concerning the state of Holy Men after Death by that Eminently Learned Divine Moses Amyraldus translated out of the French Tongue by a Minister of the Church of England in 8vo A Dialogue between a Romish Priest and an English Protestant wherein the Principal Points and Arguments of both Religions are truly proposed and fully examined by Matthew Pool Author of Synopsis Criticorum in Twelves God a Christians Choice compleated by particular Covenanting with God wherein the Lawfulness and Expediency is cleared by Samuel Winney in 12s Mr. West's Legacy being a Discourse of the Perfect Man in 12s The Sin and Folly of Drunkenness considered 1. What it is 2. What is vicious and sinful in Drinking whether Men will call it Drunkenness or no 3. What may be said against it by Edward Buckler of Bradford in Somersetshire the Author of God all in all 12s Familiaria Colloquia Opera Christophori Helvici D. c. Professeris Gleffensis olim ex Erasmo Roterodamo Ludovico Vive c. Schottenio Hasso selecta Editio Decima tertia ad pristina exemplaria denuo recognita in in 12s The School of Manners or Rules for Childrens Behaviour by the Author of the English Exercise for School-Boys c. Gradus ad Parnassum sive novus Synonymorum Epithetorum Phrasium Poeticarum Thescurus Elegantias flavissas Poeticas Parnassum Poeticum Thesaurum Virgilii Smetium Januam Musarum Aliosque id genus libros ad poesin necessarios Complectens A Discourse of Secret Prayer first Preach'd and now Publish'd at the Request of those that heard it By Samuel Slater Minister of the Gospel in 12s