syrrah Silence as Au auh Q. But are all Interjections such imperfect voices A. Yea all which are properly Interjections as Euax vah c. * Q. What say you then of malum signifying in a mischiefe is it not a perfect voice A. Malum is not properly an Interjection but a Noune and is onely then taken for an Interjection when it is put to expresse such a suddaine passion * Q. May not other perfect words also bee made Interjections A. Yes any part of speech may but especially Nounes and Verbes whensoeuer they are vsed to expresse these suddaine motions of the minde as Infandum a thing not to be spoken of Amabo of all good fellowship Periâ— alasse are made Interjections and vndeclined Q. May one word then be of many parts of speech A. Yes being taken in a diuerse signification or in a diuerse respect and consideration * Q. As how for example A. As Cum when is an Aduerbe of Time Cum seeing that is a Conjunction Causall Cum with a Preposition And cum taken for this word cum or for itselfe is a Noune Substantiue and vndeclined * Q. It seemeth hereby that a word of any part of speech may be a Noune Substantiue A. Yes when it is taken for the word it selfe or as for a word of Art As Habeo this word habeo Or when it is put in place of a Noune Substantiue as Bonum manè good morrow Manè is heere declined Hoc manè inuarâ—abile The Concords of the Latine speech Q. WEe haue done vvith the Introduction of the Eight parts of speech or the handling of the eight parts seuerally which is the first part of your Accidence now wee are to come to the rules of Construction of the Eight parts of speech called the English rules What meane you by Construction A. The due joyning or right ordering framing together of words in speech Or the right ioyning of the parts of speech together in speaking according to the naturall manner or according to the reason rule of Grammar Q. How many things are to be considered for the right ioyning of words in Construction A. Two 1. The Concords of words 2. The gouerning of words * Q. What meane you by Concords A. The agreements of words together in some speciall Accidents or qualities as in one Number Person Case or Gender Q. How many Concords haue you A. Three The firsâ— between the Nominatiue case and the Verbe The second between the Sâ—bstantiue and the Adiectiue The third between the Antecedent and the Relatiue * Q. Why must these sixe so agree together A. Because three of these are weake and cannot be placed orderly in speech except they be guided and holden vp by the three stronger * Q. Which are those three weake once A. The three later that is the Verbe the Adjectiue and the Relatiue Q. What must the Verbe haue to agree with A. His Nominatiue case Q. What the Adjectiue A. His Substantiue Q. What must the Relatiue haue A. His Antecedent The first Concord Q. WHat is then your first Concord A. Between the Nominatiue case the Verbe Q. When an English is giuen to be made in Latine what must you doe first A. Looke out the principall Verbe Q. What if you haue moe Verbs then one in a sentence which of them is the principall Verbe A. The first of them Q. Are there no exceptions A. Yes three first if the Verb be of the Infinitiue Mood it cannot be the principall Verb. Secondly if it haue before it a Relatiue as that whom which Thirdly if it haue before it a Coniunction as vt that cum when si if and such others * Q. Why can none of these be the principall Veâ—be A. Because all these doe euer depend vpon some other Verbe going before them in naturall and due order of speech * Q. Must not the same course be taken when a Latine is to be construed or turned into English A. Yes the very same I must likewise first seeke out the principall Verbe and marke it carefully * Q. Why so A. Because that will point out the right Nominatiue case which is that which agâ—eâ—th with it both in Number Person and also in reason and so it doth very much direct the construing of all the sentence Q. When you haue found out the principall Verbe what must you doe then A. Seeke out his Nominatiue case Q. How A. By putting the English vvho or vvhat with the English of the Verbe and then the vvord in the same sentence which answereth to the question shal be the Nominatiue case to the Verbe Q. Giue me an example how A. Venit ne rex Doth the King come If you aske here who commeth the answere is the King so the word King is the Nominatiue case to the Verbe Q. Must we alwaies thus seeke out the Nominatiue case A. Yes in Verbs Personals except the Verb be an Impersonall which will haue no Nominatiue case Q. And where must your Nominatiue case be set in making or construing Latine A. Before the Verbe Q. Are there no exceptions A. Yes three First when a question is asked Secondly when the Verbe is of the Imperatiue Moode Thirdly vvhen this signe it or there commeth before the English of the Verbe Q. Where must the Nominatiue case be placed if any of these happen A. Most vsually after the Verbe or after the signe of the Verb as Amas tu louest thou or dost thou loue Q. And what case must your casuall worde bee which commeth next after the Verbe answereth to the question whom or what made by the Verbe A. It must commonly be the Accusatiue case Q. Why doe you say commonly Is there any exception A. Yes if the Verbe doe properly gouerne another case after him to be construed withall for then it must bee such case as the Verbe gouernes properly Q. Giue an example A. Si cupis placere magistro vtere diligentia c. Heere placere the Verbe gouernes properly magistro a Datiue case and vtere gouernes diligentia an Ablatiue case not an Accusatiue Q. What doth a Verbe Personall agree with A. With his Nominatiue case Q. In how many things A. In two in Number and Person Q. What meane you by that A. The same Number and Person that the Nominitiue case is the same must the Verbe be Q. Giue me an example A. Praeceptor legit vos verò negligitis Q. In which words lyeth the speciall example and force of the rule to apply them to the rule A. In Praeceptor legit vos negligitis Q. How are these to be applyed A. Thus Legit the Verb is the singular Number third Person agreeing with Praeceptor his Nominatiue case which is the Singular Number and third Person And negligitis is the Plurall Number and second Person because it agreeth with vos his Nominatiue case which is also the Plurall Nunber and second Person Q. Must the Verbe be alwaies the same Number and Person
the Antecedent A. The Antecedent is commonly such a word as goeth in the sentence before the Relatiue and is rehearsed againe of the Relatiue Q. In how many things doth the Relatiue agree with his Antecedent A. In three in Gender Number and Person * Q. Is one Substantiue or Casuall word the Antecedent alwaies to the Relatiue A. No all the same things may be the Antecedent to the Relatiue which may be the Nominatiue case to the Verb or the Substantiue to the Adjectiue Q. When any of these except a Casuall worde are the Antecedent what Gender and Number must the Relatiue be A. If the Relatiue be referred but to one thing it must be the Neuter Gender and Singular Number but if it be referred to two things or moe it must be the Neuter Gender and Plurall Number Q. When the English word that may be turned into which what part of speech is it A. A Relatiue Q. If it cannot bee so turned vvhat part of speech is it then A. A Coniunction which in Latine is called quòd or vt signifying that Q. Must it alwaies needs be so made in Latine by quòd or vt signifying that A. No we may oft-times elegantly leaue out both quod and vt by turning the Nominatiue case into the Accusatiue and the Verbe into the Infinitiue moode Q. If many Antecedents of the Singular Number come together with a Coniunction Copulatiue comming between them what Number must the Relatiue be A. The Plurall Q. But with which of the Antecedents must the Relatiue agree in Gender A. With the Antecedent of the most worthie Gender Q. Which call you the most worthy Gender in things not apt to haue life A. The Neuter Q. But what if the Antecedents bee of the Masculine or Feminine Gender and none of them of the Neuter may yet the Relatiue be the Neuter A. Yes as Arcus calami quae fregisti quae the Relatiue is the Neuter Gender though Arcus calami the Antecedents be the Masculine The Case of the Relatiue Q. HOw many chiefe rules are there to knowe what Case the Relatiue must be of A. Two When there commeth no Nominatiue case betweene the Relatiue and c. And when there commeth a Nominatiue case c. Q. When in making or construing Latine there commeth no Nominatiue case between the Relatiue the Verb what case must your Relatiue be A. The Nominatiue case to the Verbe as it were a Noune Substantiue Q. But when there comes a Nominatiue case betweene the Relatiue and the Verbe what Case must the Relatiue be then A. Such Case as the Verbe will haue after him that is such Case as any Noune Substantiue should be being gouerned of the same Verbe Q. May not the Relatiue be the Substantiue to the Adjectiue as well as it may be the Nominatiue case to the Verb A. Yes Q. Are there no other wordes which haue their Cases as the Relatiue hath A. Yes Nounes Interrogatiues and Indefinites as Quis vter qualis quantus quotus c. Q. Doe Relatiues Interrogatiues and Indefinites follow the words whereof they are gouerned like as Substantiues and other parts of speech doe A. No these all come before the Verbe that is they are set before the Verbe or other wordes vvhereof they are gouerned * Q. Doth a Substantiue neuer stand before the worde whereof it is gouerned A. Yes when a word is ioyned with it which goeth before by nature as a Relatiue or an Interrogatiue or Indefinite As Quem librum legis librum goeth before legis whereof it is gouerned like as quem doth Q. Why so A. Because of the Relatiue which goeth with it Q. But is the Relatiue alwaies gouerned of the Verbe which he commeth before A. It is gouerned of whatsoeuer a Noune Substantiue may be gouerned as somtimes of an Infinitiue Mood comming after the Verbe Sometimes of a Participle Sometimes of a Gerund And so of other words according to my book and in all things like vnto the Substantiue * Q. But how can you know of what word the Relatiue is gouerned A. By putting in steade of the Relatiue the same Case of Hic haec hoc and so construing the sentence * Q. Why so A. Because then the worde which is put for the Relatiue wil in construing follow the worde which the Relatiue is gouerned of as other parts of speech doe * Q. Shew how in this senteÌ„ce Quae nunc non est narrandi locus A. Put haec in stead of quae and then it will follow thus in construing Nunc non est locus narrandi haec so quae is gouerned of narrandi Q. But if a Relatiue come betweene two Substantiues of diuerse Genders with which of them shall it agree A. With either of theÌ„ indifferently as we wil yea though they be of diuerse Numbers also Constructions of Nounes Substantiues Q WEe haue done with Construction in the agreement of words now wee are to come to construction in gouerning of words Where beginne your rules for gouerning words A. At When two Substantiues come together c. Q. In what order doe these rules stand in your booke A. In the order of the eight parts of speech Q. Shew how A. First the Rules for construction of Nounes Substantiues Secondly of Nounes Adjectiues Thirdly of Pronounes Fourthly of verbes Personals Fiftly of Gerunds Sixtly of Supiâ—es Seauenthly of all such words as signifie Time Space betweene Place Names of places Eightlie of verbs Impersonals Ninthly of Participles Tenthly of Aduerbs The eleuenth of Conjunctions The twelfth Prepositions The thirteenth Interjections Q. In what order are the rules placed for all these A. According to the order of the cases First rules for the Nominatiue case if the word doe gouern a Nominatiue case Secondly for the Genitiue Thirdly for the Datiue Fourthly for the Accusatiue Fiftly for the Ablatiue * Q. Why doe you not mention any rules for the Vocatiue A. Because the Vocatiue is gouerned of no other part of speech except an Interjection And also it may easilie be knowen because whensoeuer wee call or speake to any Person or thing we doe it in the Vocatiue case * Q. How then will you finde out the rule for any word in a sentence to know why it is put in the Genitiue Datiue or any other case A. First I must construe the sentence * Q. What meane you by construe A. To coÌ„strue is to place euery word in a sentence according to the naturall order of speech and to giue euery word his proper signification in English * Q. Why must you construe thus first A. Because euery case is commonly gouerned of the principall word which goeth next before it in this right and naturall order of construing Q. How will you then seek out the rule for the case when you haue construed A. First I must consider what case my word is and of what word it is gouerned Secondly what part of speech the word is whereof it is
gouerned and of what signification Thirdly I must turne to the rules for such a case after such a part of speech * Q. Shew me how for example if it be a Genitiue case after a Substantiue how doe you finde it A. I must turne to the rules of the Genitiue case after the Substantiue and marking the signification of the word I shall finde the rule in one of those * Q. Shew me this by an example in this little sentence Virtutis comes inuidia What must you doe here first First I construe it thus Inuidia enuy est is comes a companion virtutis of vertue * Q. What case is Comes here and why A. Comes is the Nominatiue case gouerned of the Verbe est going next before it in construing by the first rule of the Nominatiue case after the Verbe that is Sum forem fio * Q. What case is virtutis and why A. The Genitiue case gouerned of the Substantiue Comes going next before it in construing by the first rule of the Genitiue case after the Substantiue When two Substantiues c. * Q. Seeing you must construe right before you can tell your rule what order must you obserue in construing of a sentence A. First I must read distinctly to a full point marking all the points and proper names if there be any with the meaning of the matter as much as I can * Q. How can you know which are proper names A. They are all such wordes as are written with great letters except the first word of euery sentence vvich is euer written with a great letter * Q. What word then must you take first A. A Vocatiue case if there be one or whatsoeuer is in steed of it and the wordes which hang on it to make it plaine * Q. What next A. I must seeke out the principall Verbe and his Nominatiue case and take first the Nominatiue case or whatsoeuer is in steede of it and that which hangeth of it seruing to make it plaine * Q. What next A. The principall Verbe and whatsoeuer words depend on it seruing to make it plaine as an Infinitiue Mood or an Aduerbe * Q. What then A. Such case as the Verbe properly gouernes which is commonly an Accusatiue case * Q. What must you take next A. All the Cases in order first a genitiue secondly a Datiue lastly the Ablatiue * Q. Giue me the summe of this Rule briefly A. First I must reade my sentence plainely to a full point marking all the points and proper names Secondly I must take first a Vocatiue case if there be one or whatsoeuer is in stead of it and that which depends of it Thirdly I must seeke out the principall Verbe and his Nominatiue case and take first the Nominatiue case and that vvhich hangeth on it Then the Verbe with the Infinitiue Moode or Aduerbe Next the Accusatiue case or such case as the Verbe properly gouerns Lastly all the other cases in order as first the Genitiue secondly the Datiue after the Ablatiue * Q. What if there be not all these kindes of words in a sentence * A. Then I must take so many of them as are in the sentence and in this order Q. Is this order euer to be kept A. It is often altered by words of exciting or stirring vp as by Interjections Aduerbs of wishing calling shewing denying exhorting c. Secondly by some Conjunctions Thirdly by Interrogatiues Indefinites Partitiues Relatiues as by Quis or qui vter qualis quantus quotus c. Lastly by such words as haue in them the force of relation or dependence Q. What words are those A. Such as haue some other vvords depending vpon them in the later part of the sentence or are referred to something going before As Cum deinde deinceps quemadmodum sic sicut sicuti dum donec primum quando quia quoniam liâ—èt post quam quam quanquam et si quamuis and the like * Q. Why is the order changed by these A. Because these commonly goe before in a sentence beginning the sentence * Q But are there not some speciall things to be obserued in construing A. Yes these first to mark well the principall Verbe because it pointeth out the right Nominatiue case and vsually directs all the sentence Secondly that commonly the Nominatiue case be set before the Verbe the Accusatiue after the Verbe the Infinitiue Moode after another Moode the Substantiue and Adjectiue be construed together except the Adjectiue doe gouerne some other word or haue some word ioyned vnto it to which it passeth the signification that the Preposition be ioyned with his case Q. Well to returne againe to the Rules in order What cases doe Substantiues gouerne A. A Genitiue commonly some an Ablatiue Q. How many rules are there of these A. â—iue Q. Name the beginnings of each rule in order A. When two Substantiues come together betokening c. 2. When the English of the word Res is put with an Adjectiue c. 3. An Adjectiue in the Neuter Gender 4. Words of any qualitie or propertie to the prayse c. 5. Opus and vsus when they be Latine for need Q. When two Substantiues come together betokening diuerse things what case shall the later be A. The Genitiue Q. Giue an example A. Facundia Ciceronis Q. Which is your Genitiue case and why A. Ciceronis is my Genitiue case gouerned of facundia because it is the later of two Substantiues Q. Is there no exception from this rule A. Yes if the Substantiues belong both to one thing Q. What if they belong both to one thing A. Then they shal be put both in one case Q. When you haue the English of the word Râ—s that is thing put with the Adjectiue what may you doe then A. Put away the word Res and put the Adjectiue in the Neuter Gender like a Substantiue Q. If an Adjectiue in the Neuter Gender bee put alone without a Substantiue what doth it stand for A. For a Substantiue and so is said to be put Substantiuely or for a Substantiue Q. What case will it haue when it is so put A. A Genitiue as if it were a Substantiue Q. What case must Nounes be put in that signifie the praise or dispraise of any thing and come after a Noune Substantiue or a Verbe Substantiue as after Sum forem or fio c A. In the Ablatiue or in the Genitiue Q. Opus and vsus when they signifie neede what case must they haue A. An Ablatiue Constructions of Adiectiues The Genitiue Case after the Adjectiue Q. HOw many generall rules are there belonging to that Chapter of the Genitiue after the Adjectiue A. Fiue Adjectiues that signifie desire Nounes Partitiues c. Q. What case will Adjectiues haue which signifie desire knowledge remembrance ignorance or forgetting and the like A. A Genitiue Q. Nounes Partitiues with Interrogatiues and certaine Nounes of Number as these set downe in the booke and
after the Verbe Q. WHat Verbes require an Accusatiue case A. Verbes Transitiues * Q. What Verbes are those A. All Actiues Commons and Deponents whose action or doing passeth into some other thing to expresse it by and haue no perfect sense in themselues Q. Whereof may they haue an Accusatiue case A. Of the doer or sufferer Q. May not Verbes Neuters haue an Accusatiue case A. Yes of their owne signification Q. Are there not some Verbes which will haue two Accusatiue cases A. Yes Verbes of asking teaching and arraying Q. Whereof A. One Accusatiue case of the sufferer another of the thing The Ablatiue case after the Verbe Q. WHat Verbes will haue an Ablatiue case A. All Verbes require an Ablatiue case of the instrument put with this signe with before it or of the cause or of the manner of doing Q. What meane you by that A. All Verbes will haue an Ablatiue case of the word that signifieth the instrument wherwith any thing is done hauing this signe with put before it or of the worde which signifieth the cause why any thing is done or of the manner of doing of it Q. What case must the vvorde which signifieth the price which any thing cost be put into after Verbes A. Into the Ablatiue Q. Must it be alwaies in the Ablatiue A. Yes except in these Genitiues when they are put alone without Substantiues as Tanti quanti pluris minoris tantiuis tantidem quantinis quantilibet quanticunque * Q. What if these words be put with Substantiues what Cases must they be A. The Ablatiue according to the Rule Q. What other words are vsed after Verbes of price in stead of their Casuall words A. These Aduerbes Cariùs more deare viliùs more cheap meliùs better peiùs worse Q. What other Verbes require an Ablatiue case properly A. Verbes of plenty scarsenesse filling emptying loading or vnloading Q. What other A. Vtor fungor potior fruor laetor gaudeo dignor muto munero communico afficio prosequor impertio impertior Q. What Case will Verbes haue which signifie receiuing distance or taking away A. An Ablatiue case with one of these Prepositions A ab è ex or de Q. But may not this Ablatiue case bee turned into a Datiue A. Yes after Verbs of taking away Q. What Case vvill Verbes of comparing or exceeding haue A. An Ablatiue case Q. What Ablatiue case A. Of the word that signifieth the measure of exceeding Q. If a Noune or a Pronoune Substantiue bee ioyned with a Participle either expressed or vnderstood and haue no other word whereof it may be gouerned what case shall it be put into A. The Ablatiue case absolute Q. What meane you by absolute A. Without other gouernement Q. By what wordes may this Ablatiue case be resolued A. By any of these words Dum cum quando si quanquam postquam Constructions of Verbes Passiues Q. WHat Case will a Verbe Passiue haue after him A. An Ablatiue case vvith a Preposition and sometime a Datiue of the Dooer Q. What meane you by a Datiue of the Dooer A. Of the Person which is meant to doe any thing Q. What if the sentence be made by the Verbe Actiue in steed of the Passiue A. Then the Datiue or Ablatiue must be turned into the Nominatiue before the Verbe Gerunds Q. WHat Case will Gerunds and Supines haue A. The same Case as the Verbes vvhich they come of The Gerund in di Q. WHen the English of the Infinitiue Moode Actiue or of the Participle of the Present tense commeth after any of these Noune Substantiues Studium causa c. what may it be fitly made by A. By the Gerund in di Q. What may the same Gerund in di be vsed after also A. After certaine Adiectiues The Gerund in do Q. WHen you haue the English of the Participle of the Present tense with this signe of or with comming after a Noune Adiectiue what must it bee made by A. The Gerund in do Q. What else must be made by the Gerund in do A The English of the Participle of the Present tense comming after a Substantiue with this signe in or by before him Q. How is the Gerund in do vsed A. Either without a Preposition or with one of these Prepositions a ab è de ex cum in The Gerund in dum Q. IF you haue an English of the Infinitiue Moode comming after a reason shewing a cause of that reason what must it be put in A. It must be put in the Gerund in dum Q. What is the Gerund in dum vsed after A. After one of these Prepositions Ad ob propter inter ante Q. If you haue this English must or ought in a sentence vvhere it seemeth that the Latine should bee made by the Verbe Oportet signifying It must or It behoueth what may it be fitly put into A. The Gerund in dum with this Verbe est beeing set Impersonally ioyned vnto it Q. What Case then must that word be which seemeth in the English to be the Nominatiue case A. The Datiue Supines Q. WHat signification hath the first Supine A. The Actiue signifying to doe Q. What is it put after A. Verbes and Participles which betoken mouing to a place Q. What signification hath the later Supine A. The signification of a Verbe Passiue Q. What doth it follow A. Nounes Adjectiues Q. What may this Supine be turned into A. Into the Infinitiue Moode Passiue that wee may say indifferently Facile factu or facile fieri easie to be done The Time Q. WHat Case must Nounes bee which betoken part of time A. Most commonly the Ablatiue sometime the Accusatiue * How can you know this A. By asking the question when Q. But what Case must Nounes be which betoken continuall terme of time without any ceasing or intermission A. Commonly the Accusatiue sometime the Ablatiue Q. How can you know when Nounes signifie continuall terme of time A. By asking this question How long Space of Place Q. WHat Cases are Nounes put in which signifie space betweene place and place A. Commonly in the Accusatiue sometime in the Ablatiue A Place Q. NOunes Appellatiues or names of great places that is names of Countries if they follow a Verbe signifying in a place to a place from a place or by a place whether must they be put with a Preposition or without A. With a Preposition Q. In a place or at a place if the place be a proper name of a lesse place as of a Citie or Towne of the first or second Declension and Singular Number what Case must it bee put in A. In the Genitiue Q. What common Nounes or names of places signifying in or at a place are in the same manner put in the Genitiue case A. These foure Humi domi militiae belli * Q. What Adjectiues may be ioyned with these Genitiues Humi domi c. A. Onely meae
tuae suae nostrae vestrae alienae * Q. If any other Adjectiues be ioyned vnto them what case must they be put in A. In the Ablatiue Q. But if the place in or at which any thing is done be a proper name of the third Declension or Plurall Number in what case must it be put A. In the Datiue or Ablatiue case Q. Is there no common Noune so put A. Yes Rus as we say Ruri or rure at or in the countrey Q. If your word be a proper name of some lesse place as of a citie or towne signifie to a place in what case must it be put A. In the Accusatiue case without a Preposition Q. What other Nounes are so put A. Domus and rus Q. From a place or by a place in lesser places in what case must it be A. In the Ablatiue case without a Preposition Q. Are no other common Nounes so put A. Yes onely Domus and rus all other Nounes may haue Prepositions Impersonals Q. WHether haue Verbes Impersonals any Nominatiue before them as Personals haue A. No. Q. What is their signe to knowe them by A. It or there Q. But what if they haue neither of these signes before them A. Then the word that seemeth in the English to bee the Nominatiue case shall be such case as the Verbe Impersonall will haue after him Q. What cases will verbs Impersonals haue after them A. Some a Genitiue some a Datiue some an Accusatiue some both an Accusatiue and a Genitiue Q. How many Impersonals require a Genitiue case A. Three Interest refert and est being put for interest Q. Will these haue a Genitiue case of all words A. Yea except mea tua sua nostra vestra and cuia the Ablatiue cases of the Pronounes Possessiues for these must be put in the Ablatiue case Q. What Impersonals require a Datiue case A. Libet licet patet liquet constat placet expedit prodest sufficit vacat accidit conuenit contingit with other like set downe in the Latine Syntax Q. How many will haue an Accusatiue case onely A. Foure Delectat decet tuuat oportâ—t Q. How many will haue an Accusatiue case with a Genitiue A. Six Poenitet taedet miseret miserescit piget and pudet Q. Verbs Impersonals of the Passiue voice if they be formed of Verbs Neuters what case doe they gouerne A. Such case as the Verbs Neuters whereof they come Q. What cases of the person haue all Verbs Impersonals of the Passiue voice properly A. The same cases as other Verbs Passiues haue that is an Ablatiue with a Preposition or sometimes a Datiue of the Dooer Q. Is this case alwaies set downe with it A. No many times it is vnderstood Q. When a deed is signified to be done of many the verb beeing a verb Neuter what may be done elegantly A. The Verbe Neuter may be fitly changed into the Impersonall in tur Q. May not Impersonals be turned into Personals A. Yes sundry of them may sometimes as Vterum dolet arbustaiuuant Construction of Participles Q. WHat cases doe Participles gouerne A. Such case as the Verbs that they come of Q. What may Participles be changed into A. Into Nounes Q. How many wayes A. Foure Q. Which is the first A. When the voice of a Participle is construed with an other case then the Verbe that it commeth of Q. Which is the second way A. When the Participle is compounded with a Preposition vvith vvhich the Verbe that it commeth of cannot bee compounded Q. Which is the third A. When it formeth all the degrees of Comparison Q. Which is the fourth A. When it hath no respect nor expresse difference of time Q. When Participles are thus changed into Nounes what are they called A. Nounes Participials Q. What cases doe Participles gouerne when they are so changed into Nounes A. A Genitiue Q. Doe all Nounes Participials require a Genitiue case A. Exosus perosus pertaesus are excepted and speciallie to be marked Q. Why A. Because though they seeme to bee Participles of the Passiue voice yet they commonly haue the Actiue signification and doe gouerne an Accusatiue case * Q. Haue they not alwaies so A. No Exosus and perosus doe sometimes signifie Passiuely and haue then a Datiue case as Exosus Deo odious to God or hated of God Construction of Aduerbs Q. WHat Cases doe Aduerbs gouerne A. Some a Genitiue some a Datiue some an Accusatiue Q. What Aduerbs require a Genitiue A. Aduerbs of Quantitie time and place Q. What Aduerbs gouerne a Datiue case A. Certain Aduerbs deriued of Nounes Adjectiues which require a Datiue case as Obuiam deriued of obuius similiter of similis Q. Haue you not some Datiue cases of Nounes Substantiues which are vsed Aduerbially that is made Aduerbs A. Yes Tempori luci vesperi Q. What Aduerbs require an Accusatiue case A. Certaine which come of Prepositions seruing to the Accusatiue Case as propius of prope Q. How many waies may Prepositions be changed into Aduerbs A. Two First when they are sette alone without their case Secondly when they do forme all the degrees of comparison Construction of Conjunctions Q. WHat cases doe Conjunctions gouerne A. They gouerne nonâ— but couple like cases Q. What meane you by that A. They ioyne together words in the same case Q. What Conjunctions doe couple like cases A. All Copulatiues Disjunctiues and these foure quam nisi praeterquam an Q. May they not somtimes couple diuerse cases A. Yes in regard of a diuerse construction Q. Do Coniunctions Copulatiues Disjunctiues couple nothing else but cases A. Yes they commonly ioyne together like Moodes Tenses Q. May they not ioyne together diuerse Tenses A. Yes sometimes Construction of Prepositions Q. IS the Preposition in alwaies sette downe vvith hiâ— case A. No it is somtimes vnderstood and yet the word put in the Ablatiue case as well as if the Preposition were set downe Q. Are not sundry other Prepositions oft vnderstood also as well as in A. Yes Q. What cases doe Verbs require which are compounded with Prepositions A. They sometimes require the case of the Prepositions which they are compounded with that is the same case which their Preposition requires Constructions of Interjections Q. WHat Cases doe Interjections require A. Some a Nominatiue some a Datiue some an Accusatiue some a Vocatiue Q. What Interjections require a Nominatiue case A. O. Q. What a Datiue A. Heâ— and Veâ— Q. What an Accusatiue A. Heu and proh Q. What a Vocatiue A. Proh * Q. Are not Interjections sometimes put absolutely without case A. Yes often THE POSING OF THE Rules called Propria quae Maribus Generall rules of proper Names and first of proper Masculines Q. HOW can you knowe what Gender a Noune is of A. I haue certaine rules at Propria quae maribus which teach mee the Genders of Nounes Q. How can you know by these rules
them are declined with case how many without A. Three with case one without case Q Which three are declined with case A. Noune Pronoune and Participle with case Verbe without case Of a Noune Q WHich is the first part of speech A. A Noune Q. What is a Noune A. A Noune is the name of a thing that may be seene felt heard or vnderstood Q. What meane you by that A. It is a word that signifieth the name by which we call any thing whatsoeuer may be seene felt heard or vnderstood Q. Giue me examples of it A. A hand manus a house domus goodnes bonitas * Q. Is a hand a Noune A. A hand it selfe is not a Noune but the word signifying a hand is a Noune Q. How many sorts of Nounes haue you A. Two a Noune Substantiue and a Noune Adjectiue Q. What is a Noune Substantiue A. A Noune Substantiue is that standeth by himselfe and requireth not another word ioyned with it to shew his signification Q. What meane you by that A. It is the name of a thing which may bee fully vnderstood of it selfe without the help of any other word to shew it by as a hand a booke Q. How knowe you when a word may bee fully vnderstood of it selfe A. If I may fitly put a or the before it or if I cannot fitlie ioyne this word thing vnto it as a booke the house * Q. What are then the notes or marks in English to know a Noune Substantiue by A. A or the or if I cannot fitly put this word thing after it Q. With how many Articles is a Noune Substantiue declined A. With one as hic Magister a Master or with two at the most as hic haec Parens a father or mother Q. What is a Noune Adjectiue A. Which cannot stand by it selfe in reason or signification but requireth to be ioyned with another word Q. What meane you when you say a Noune Adjectiue is that cannot stand by it selfe A. I meane it is the name of such a thing as cannot bee fully vnderstood of it self without the help of an other word to make it plaine Q. Shew mee an example how A. Bonus good is a Noune Adjectiue for when any one speakes of good I know he meanes something that is good but I know not what thing it is that hee calleth good except hee put some other word vnto it as a good boy a good house or the like Q. Haue you any speciall marke to know a Noune Adjectiue by A. Yes If I may put this word thing to it it is a Noune Adjectiue as a good thing an euill thing Q. What is a Noune Adjectiue declined with A. Either with three terminations or with three Articles Q. How with three terminations A. As Bonus bona bonum Q. How wiâ—h three Articles A. As leveâ—ight â—ight Q. How many sorts of Noune Substantiues are there A. Two Proper and Common Q. Which is a Noune Substantiue Proper A. Such a Noune or name as is proper to the thing that it betokeneth or signifieth or which belongeth but to one thing properly as Edvardus Edward so each mans proper name Q. What is a Noune Substantiue Common A. Euery Noune which is common to moe or which is the common name of all things of that sort as homo a man is the common name to all men so a house a citie vertue Q. How many things belong to a Noune A. My booke sets downe fiue Number Case Gender Declension and Comparison Numbers of Nounes Q. HOw many Numbers are there in a Noune A. Two the Singular and the Plurall Q. What is the Singular Number A. That which speaketh but of one thing as Lapis a stone meaning but one stone Q. Which is the Plurall number A. That which speaketh of moe then one aâ— Lapides stones Cases of Nounes * Q. WHat is a Case A. Euery seuerall ending of a Noune in the declining of it and so of all other parts of speech which are declined like a Noune Q. How many Cases are there A. Sixe in either Number that is sixe in the Singular sixe in the Plurall Q. Rehearse the Cases A. The Nominatiue Genitiue Datiue Accusatiue Vocatiue and Ablatiue Q. How may these Cases be known asunder A. The Nominatiue and Accusatiue by their places the other by their signes Q. Which is the place of the Nominatiue A. It vsually commeth before the Verbe in due order of speech Q To what question doth it answere A. To the question who or what as if I aske Who teacheth the answere is in the Nominatiue case as Magister docet the Master teacheth Q. What is the signe of the Genitiue case A. Of. Q. To what question doth it answere A. To the question vvhose or vvherof as if it be asked Whose learning is it The answer is in the Genitiue case Doctrina Magistri the learning of the Master Q. What is the signe of the Datiue case A. To and sometime for Q. To what question doth it answere A. To the question to whom or to what as if it be asked To whom do you giue a booke the answere is in the Datiue case thus Do librum Magistro I giue a booke to the Master Q. How knowe you the Accusatiue case A. It followeth the Verbe in due order of speech Q. To what question doth it answere A. To the question vvhom or what as if the Schollar be asked Whom doe you loue he answereth in the Accusatiue case thus Amo Magistrum I loue the Master Q. How knowe you the Vocatiue case A. By calling or speaking to as ô Magister O Master Q. How knowe you the Ablatiue case A. Either by Prepositions seruing to the Ablatiue case beeing ioyned with it or else by signes Q. Which are the signes of the Ablatiue case A. In with through for from by and than after the Comparatiue degree Articles Q. WHat followeth next after cases A. Articles Q. What is an Article A. The marke to know the Gender by in declining Q. How many Articles are there A. Three Hic haec hoc Q. Whence are these borrowed A. Of the Pronoune Q. Decline them all together A. Singulariter Nom. Hic haec hoc Gen. Huius Dat. Huic c. and so forth as it is in the booke Q. Decline them seuerally each Article by it selfe and first the Masculine A. Singul. Nom. Hic Gen. Huius Dat. Huic Accus Hunc Voc. Caret Abl. Hoc Pluâ— Nom. Hi. Gen. Horum Dat. His. Accus Hos. Voc. Caret Abl. His. Q. Decline Haec A. Singu Haec huius huic hanc hac Plur. Hae harum his has his Q. Decline Hoc likewise A. Sing Hoc huius huic hoc hoc Plur. Haec horum his haec his * Q. Why are they set here before the Genders and Declensions A. Because they serue to note out the Genders and also to decline Nounes in euery Gender * Q. What signifieth Hic haec
that the Nominatiue case is A. No For there are three exceptions in the three rules following Q. Which is the first exception A. Many Nominatiue cases Singular hauing a Coniunction Copulatiue c. Q. What is the meaning of that rule A. When there are moe Nominatiues cases cōming together with a Coniunction Copulatiue comming betweene them though all the Nominatiues cases bee of the Singular Number yet the Verbe must be the Plurall Number Q. But what if the Nominat cases be of diuers Persons with which of them must the Verbe agree in Person may it agree with any of them A. No It must agree with the Nominatiue case of the most worthy Person Q. Which is the Nominatiue case of the vvorthiest Person A. The Nominatiue case of the first Person is more worthy then of the second and the second more worthy then the third Q. Which is your second exception A. When a Verbe commeth betweene two Nominatiue cases of diuers Numbers the Verbe may indifferently accord with either of them so that they be both of one Person Q. What mean you by that when you say it may indifferently accord with either of them A. It may agree either with that Nominatiue case which goeth before the Verbe or with that which commeth after the Verbe so that both the Nominatiue cases bee of one Person Q. Which is the third exception A. Heere note also that sometime the Infinitiue Mood of a Verbe c. Q. What meane you by that rule A. That not only a Casuall word is the Nominatiue case to the Verbe but sometime an Infinitiue Mood somtimes a whole clause going before and sometime a member of a sentence may be the Nominatiue case to the Verbe * Q. What meane you by a Casuall word A. Such a word as may be declined with Cases Q. How can an Infinitiue Moode or a whole sentence be the Nominatiue case to the Verb Can any word be a Nominatiue case to the Verbe but onely a Noune Substantiue A. Yes a Noune Substantiue or whatsoeuer is put in the place of a Noune Substantiue as these are Q. How will you decline these when they are put in place of a Noune Substantiue A. Like Substantiues of the Neuter Gender vndeclined as Hoc nihil inuartabile so Hoc diluculò surgere inuariabile * Q. May not a Relatiue bee the Nominatiue case to the Verbe A. Yes but that is onely by reason of the Substantiue or Antecedent vnderstood with it or in whose place it is put * Q. And may not an Adjectiue also bee the Nominatiue case to the Verbe A. Yes but then it must bee an Adjectiue in the Neuter Gender put alone without a Substantiue standing for a Substantiue * Q. What Number and Person must the Verbe be when a whole sentence or a peece of a sentence are the Nominatiue case to the Verbe A. If the Verbe bee referred or haue respect but to one thing it shall be the Singular Number and third Person but if to moe it shall be the Plurall Number and third Person * Q. What if it be a Noune of Multitude of the Singular Number I meane a Noune signifying moe then one A. It may sometimes haue a Verbe of the Plurall Number * Q. How many things may bee the Nominatiue case to the Verbe A. Sixe first a Casuall worde which is either a Substantiue or a Relatiue or an Adjectiue standing for a Substantiue Secondly a vvhole reason or sentence Thirdly a clause or peece of a sentence Fourthly an Infinitiue Mood Fiftly an Aduerbe with a Genitiue case Lastly any one word or moe put for themselues or whatsoeuer is put in steade of the Nominatiue case Q. What if your Verbe be of the Infinitiue Moode must it haue a Nominatiue case before it A. No It must haue an Accusatiue case before it in stead of a Nominatiue The second Concord Q. WHat is your second Concord betweene A. Betweene the Substantiue and the Adjectiue Q. When you haue an Adjectiue how will you finde out his Substantiue A. As I found out the Nominatiue case that is by putting the English who or what to the English of the Adjectiue and the word or wordes answering to the question shall be the Substantiue to it Q. In how many things doth the Adjectiue agree with his Substantiue A. In three in Case Gender and Number Q. Why doth your booke say The Adjectiue whether it be a Noune Pronoune or Participle A. Because all Pronounes are Adjectiues by nature except Ego tu sui and so are all Participles and therefore agree with Substantiues as vvell as the Noune Adjectiues doe Q. Is your Adjectiue alwaies the same Case Gender and Number that the Substantiue is A. No not alwaies fos there are three such exceptions as in the first Concord though my book name but one Q. What is the first exception A. Many Substantiues Singular hauing a Coniunction Copulatiue comming between them will haue an Adjectiue Plurall which Adjectiue shall agree with the Substantiue of the most worthie Gender Q. Which is the Substantiue of the most worthie Gender A. The Substantiue of the Masculin Gender is more worthe then the Substantiue of the Feminine and the Substantiue of the Feminine more worthy then of the Neuter Q. Is this alwaies true A. Yea except in things without life I meane such as are not apt to haue life as we shall see after Q. What Gender is most worthy in these A. The Neuter as Arcus et calami sunt bona * Q. Which is the second exception A. When an Adjectiue commeth betweene two Substantiues of diuers Genders it may indifferently accord with either of them * Q. Which is the third exception A. That the Substantiue is not alwaies a Casuall word but a whole sentence a peece of a sentence an Infinitiue Mood an Aduerbe with a Genitiue case or any word put for it selfe may be the Substantiue to the Adjectiue * Q. Why so A. Because all these things which may be the Nominatiue case to the Verbe may be likewise the Substantiue to the Adjectiue and the Antecedent to the Relatiue * Q. What Case Gender Number shall the Adjectiue be when any of these are his Substantiue A. Such as that which standeth for his Substantiue is accounted to be * Q. What if the Adjectiue haue respect but to one thing alone as to one sentence or one peece of a sentence vvhat Gender and number must it be A. The Neuter Gender and Singular Number * Q. What if it haue respect to moe things then one A. It must be the Neuter Gender and Plurall Number The third Concord Q. WHat is the third Concord A. Betweene the Antecedent and the Relatiue Q. When you haue a Relatiue what must you do to find out his Antecedent A. Put the question who or what to the English of the Relatiue and the worde that answereth to the question is the Antecedent to it Q. What meane you by
the like what case doe they require A. A Genitiue Q. When you haue a question asked as by any of these Interrogatiues in what case must you answere A. In the same case wherein the Question is asked Q. And in what tense of a Verbe must you answere A. In the same tense Q. How many exceptions haue you from this rule A. Three First if a question be asked by Cuius cuia cuium Secondly if it be asked by such a word as may gouern diuerse cases Thirdly if I must answere by any of these Pronoune Possessiues Meus tuus suus noster voster Q. Nounes of the Comparatiue and Superlatiue degree being put as Nounes Partitiues that is hauing after them the English of or among what case doe they require A. A Genitiue Q. Nounes of the Comparatiue degree with this signe than or by after them what case will they haue A. An Ablatiue The Datiue case after the Adjectiue Q. WHat Adjectiues gouerne a Datiue Case A. Adjectiues that betoken profit or disprofit likenesse vnlikenesse pleasure submitting or belonging to any thing Q. What other Adjectiues A. Of the Passiue signification in bilis and Nounes Participials in dus The Accusatiue Case after the Adjectiues Q. WHat Adiectiues gouerne an Accusatiue case A. Such as betoken the length breadth or thicknesse of any thing will haue an Accusatiue Case of such Nounes as signifie the measure of the length breadth or thicknesse Q. Doe they euer gouerne an Accusatiue case A. No sometimes an Ablatiue and sometimes a Genitiue The Ablatiue Case after the Adiectiue Q. WHat Adjectiues gouerne an Ablatiue Case A. Adjectiues signifying fulnesse emptinesse plenty or wanting Q. Doe these alwaies gouerne an Ablatiue A. No sometime a Genitiue Q. What other Adjectiues gouerne an Ablatiue case A. Dignus indignus Praeditus captus contentus and such like Q. What may the Adjectiues dignus indignus and contentus haue in stead of their Ablatiue case A. An Infinitiue Moode Constructions of Pronounes Q. WHat Cases doe Pronounes gouern A. None at all Q. What then doth that rule of the Pronounes These Genitiue cases of the Primitiues teach A. It teacheth when to vse Mei tui sui nostri and vestri the Genitiue cases of the Pronoune Primitiues signifying of mee of thee c. and when to vse Meus tuus suus noster and vester the Pronoune Possessiues signifying mine thine c. Q. When must Mei tui sui the Genitiue cases of the Primitiues be vsed A. When suffering or the passion is signified Q. When is that A. When a Person is meant to suffer somthing or to haue something done vnto it but not to doe any thing as Amor the loue mei of me not meaning the loue which I haue but the loue wherewith others loue me or which others haue of me Q. When must meus tuus suus be vsed A. When doing or possession is signified Q. When is that A. When a person is meant to do or possesse something as ars tua thy Art or skill that is that Art which thou hast Q. Where are Nostrum and vestrum vsed A. After Distributiues Partitiues Comparatiues and Superlatiues Construction of the Verbe and first with the Nominatiue case Q WHat Verbes haue a Nominatiue case after them A. Sum forem fio existo and certaine Verbs Passiues of calling as Dicor vâ—cor salutor appellor habeor existimor videor and such like Q. Will these euer haue a Nominatiue case after them A. No but when they haue a Nominatiue case before them Q. Why so A. Because they haue such Case after them as they haue before them Q. What if they haue an Accusatiue case before them as Infinitiue Moodes haue commonly A. Then they must haue an Accusatiue case after them and so hauing a Datiue before them they haue a Datiue after them Q. What others Verbes haue such Cases after them as they haue before them A. Verbes of Gesture Q. Which call you Verbes of Gesture A. Verbes of bodily mouing going resting or doing Q. What is your generall rule when the word going before the Verbe and the word comming after the Verbe belong both to one thing A. That they bee put both in one Case By this rule And generally when the word that goeth c. The Genitiue case after the Verbe Q. WHat Verbes require a Genitiue case after them A. The Verbe Sum vvhen it betokeneth possession owing or otherwise appertaining to a thing as a token propertie dutie or guise Q. Is there no exception A. Yes Meus tuus suus noster vester must be the Nominatiue case agreeing with the Substantiue going before because they be Adjectiues Q. What other Verbes require a Genitiue case A. Verbes that beâ—oken to esteeme or regard Q. What Genitiue case A. A Genitiue case signifying the valewe Q. What other Verbes besides require a Genitiue case A. Verbes of accusing condemning warning purging quitting or assoiling Q. What Genitiue case will they haue A. A Genitiue case of the crime or of the cause or of the thing that one is accused condemned or warned of Q. May they haue no Case else A. Yes an Ablatiue case and that most commonly without a Preposition Q. What other Verbes yet require a Genitiue case A Satago misereor miseresco Q. What Case doe Reminiscor obliuiscor recordor and memini require A. A Genitiue and sometime an Accusatiue The Datiue case after the Verbe Q. WHat Verbes require a Datiue case A. All sorts of Verbes which are put acquisitiuely Q. What is that to be put acquisitiuely A. To be put after the manner of getting something to them Q. What tokens haue such Verbes after them A. These tokens to or fro Q. What Verbes doe especially belong to the rule which haue thus a Datiue case A. Verbes which betoken First to profit or disprofit Secondly to compare Thirdly to giue or to restore Fourthly to promise or to pay Fiftly to command or shew Sixtly to trust Seauenthly to obey or to be against Eightthly to threaten or to bee angry with Ninthly Sum vvith his compounds except possum vvhen they haue to or for after them Tenthly Verbes compounded with Satis benè and male Eleuenthly Verbes compounded vvith these Prepositions Prae ad con sub ante post ob in and inter except praeco praeuinco praecedo praecurro praeuertor which will haue an Accusatiue case Q. What Case will Sum haue when it is put for habeo to haue A. A Datiue Q. When Sum hath after him a Nominatiue case and a Datiue what Case may the Nominatiue be turned into A. Into the Datiue so that Sum may in such manner of speaking haue a double Datiue case Q. Can onely Sum haue a double Datiue case A. Not onely Sum but also many other Verbes may haue a double Datiue case in such manner of speaking Q. Whereof A. One Datiue case of the Person another of the thing The Accusatiue case
nolo malo tremo strideo strido flaueo liueo auco paueo coÌ„niueo ferueo So the compounds of nuo as renuo the compounds of cado as incido except occido which makes occasum and recido which makes recasum Also these Verbes want their Supines respuo linquo luâ— metuo cluo frigeo caluo sterto timeo lucco and arceo but the compounds of arceo do make ercitum So the coÌ„pounds of gruo want their Supines as ingruo Finally all Neuters of the second Coniugation which haue â—i in the Preterperfect tense doe want their Supines except oleo doleo placeo taceo pareo careo â—oceo pateo lateo valeo and caleo which haue their Supines FINIS * Some think it to be so called of Accedo as a thing coÌ„ming to or whereby the learners doe come to the Grammar or enter first into the knowledge of the Latine tong but then it should be called the Accedence e long not Accidence i short * Speech is properly the vttering of our minde by wâ—rds or the words wherby we vtter our minde * Some make but four parts of speech Noune Verb Aduerbe CoÌ„junction because PronouÌ„es Participles may be ioyned to 〈◊〉 Nounes â—repositions Interjections to the Aduerbs * Or because their last letter or syllable may be changed into other letters or â—yllables * That many Nounes and Verbs are vndeclined is in regard of vse that they are not vvont to be declined not in regard of the nature of the words * That many Nounes and Verbs are vndeclined is in regard of vse that they are not vvont to be declined not in regard of the nature of the words * Niâ—il is a Noune thogh it signifie nothing because it is not ment properly nothing at all but a thing of no value hauing the name of hilum the black in the top of a Beane as ne-lul or ne hilum not so much as the black in a Beane * In Grammer we haue to consider words not things * Forme figure belong to all words for euery word is Primitiue or Deriuatiue which is called the form Simple or Compound which is called the figure Primitiue which is of it selfe Deriuatiue which is deriued of another Simple is a word not made of moe Compound is a word mingled of moe * Forme figure belong to all words for euery word is Primitiue or Deriuatiue which is called the form Simple or Compound which is called the figure Primitiue which is of it selfe Deriuatiue which is deriued of another Simple is a word not made of moe Compound is a word mingled of moe * Numbers belong to all parts of Speech which are declined * They may â—e known in Latine fâ—r the most part by the terminations of the Declensions a Sundry Greeke words made Latine words yet declined wholly or in part after the Greeke manner cannot be referred to any of these fiue Declensions properly as Titaâ— Pan Daphnis the like being of the first Declension in Greeke So Feminines in o hauing the Genitiue in us and the Accusatiue in o as Sappho Manto Clio Dido Ecchâ— c. which belong to the fourth Declension of the contracts ending in o as 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Leto Gen. Letoos Letous Accu Letoa Leto So Anchises Penelope others of other Declensions b The rest of the terminations both in this and all other Declensions may bee posed thus by the Accidence ☜ Make your schollar perfect in this kind of declining of Nounes coniugating Verbes you shall soone finde the benefit of it aboue that which you will imagine ☞ ☞ a For other questions coÌ„cerning the Declensions because they are very many ouer-hard for children I take it much better for the Teachers to shew them to their schollars out of the Latine rules where most of them are set downe at large as their schollars shall haue occasion to learne them in their Authors then either to trouble their memories or margents with them b This is only to be vnderstood of Nouns of the second Declension for in the fourth manus makes ô manus of words of the Masculine or Feminine GeÌ„der onely not of the Neuter c Words ending in os also of the second Declension make the Vocatiue likewise in e like words in us as logos ô logâ— d Panthus and Oedipus hauing the Vocatiue in u are not of the second Declension in Latine but of the third of contracts in Greek like Basileus ô Basileu e Latmius for Latmi in the Vocat is an Atticisme that is after the Attick dialect the Voca like the Nomi f This is ment only of Nouns which are regular that is declined after the common manner not of irregulars or heteroclits as words wanting the Plurall nuÌ„ber or the like g Ambo duo are found to be the same in all Genders like as duo in Greeke as ambo anguis for ambos angueis or angues Plaut h Here declining of Latine before may suffice and so in Adjectiues a How this Genitiue case is somtimes in e somtimes in ij see the Latine rules * These are to be made perfect by continuall posing each way b Some words of the first Declension haue the Genitiue singular in as as Familias auras terras c. in imitation of words of the second Declension in Greeke which end in da tha ra and a pure viz. which haue a vowell before a. This is called Graecismus that is an imitation of the Greeke Other words haue ai for a as pictai aulai for pictae aulae This is called Archaismos an imitation of the ancient kinde of speaking Heereof also see the Latine rules c In the first DeclensioÌ„ the Vocat is like the Nom. except in Greek words in as which make the Vocat in a and in es which make the vocat in a or in e. That Pithias and Dorias names of vvomen do make the vocat in as is after the Attick Dialect in Greeke making the Vocat like the Nom. These wordes are also rather to be taken to be of the second Declension in Greeke then of the first their termination after the maner of the barbarous tongue froÌ„ which they were taken d The Ablat of the third is oft in i as parti colli ciui fusti c. by reason of the vsuall change of e into i amongst the Ancients like as here and heri c. e The Accu case plurall of the third did indifferently and in es or eis as parteis omneis especially in those whose Gen. plurall end in ium and somtime eis is coÌ„tracted into is as for angueis anguis for omneis omnis ☞ e Schollars beeing made perfect in these terminations will soone growe to readinesse in giuing any case of a Noune and keeping them most surely f For Dardanidarum is vsed Dardanidum by the figure Syncope so Anchisaidûm Troijgenûm like as virûm for virorum in the second g Other
This is when they are taken Aduerbially signifiing as Aduerbs b These are called Copulatiues because they serue to couple parts of sentences absolutely Disiunctiues by vvhich parts of sentences are so seuered as if one onely could be true Discretiues by which the parts are lightly seuered Causals which shâ—w a cause of a thing going before CoÌ„ditionals by which the part folowing is knit vpon condition of that going before Exceptiues do except against something going before or froÌ„ somthing following Interrogatiues aske a question Illatiues bring in some conclusion or shew somthing Aduersatiues shew some diuersitie of things Redditiues answere to the Aduersatiues For the order of the Coniunctions how they are to bee placed and other questions see the Latine Coniunction a Procul is sometimes a Preposition and ioyned both to the Accusatiue to the Ablatiue cases Cooper b Portat prae sibi h. e. praeportat sibi or prae h. e. praesidium siue coÌ„meatum sibi Lamb. in Plau. Venio advorsum tempori h. e. advorsum Menechmum tempori h. e. opportunè Stockw b These haue commonly these significations or the like which by vse in reading may easily be obserued Am about di from c. dis asunder re back or againe se asunder con together se q. scorsim con q. cum a Such words are Substantiues not properly but technicos that is artificially or materially as som Grammarians doe speake b That construction is to be accounted lawfull which the most approued of the ancient Writers haue vsed both in writing and speaking * Iâ— and ij may be of all Persons as well as idem by the â—igure Iâ—vâ—cation hauing Ego or nos Tu or vos vnderstood as Agimus ij ij poteramus esse pares c. for Nos ij agimus c. * Nunquam aequè ac modò pâ—â—pertas mihi visum est onus et miserum graue Terent. paupertas visuâ— onus For this Rule see it more at large in the Grammar schoole ☜ Euery Schollar should be able to reâ—eat this Rule b More shortly It is oft altered by Interrogatiues Relatiues Partitiues certaine Aduerbs Coniunctions See Goclenius his Analysis p. 9. Speciall things to be obserued in construing * â—he first of the two Substantiues is oâ—t vnâ—erstood by a figure called Ecliâ—sis as NoÌ„ videmus manticae quod in teâ—go est for id mâ—ntiâ—ae as in the Latine rules a Verbals in â—o were wont to haue the same cases with the verbs which they come of as to say Nihil in ea re captio est for nihil in ea re ceperis Quid tibi nos tactio est for quid nos tangis Lamb. on Plautus b Puero opus est cibum Plaut Lectionis opus est Fab. * Quam nemo omnium elegantius explicauit à Cicerone for Cicerâ—ne or quà m Cicero a These art set downe more shortly for the more speedy examining as beeing most plaine of themselues (a) Hispania in omni â—rugum genere foecunda Iâ—st FoecunduÌ„ in fraudes hominum genus Sil. (b) Quid dignus siem Plaâ— * Quisnam à me pepulit tam graâ—iter fores à me pro meaâ— * Quod si ciui Romano licet esse Gaditanum h. e. ciuem esse Gaditanum or Gaditanum for Gaditano by Antiptosis so in many others a So all the Verbes taken in the same signification of accusing or condemning c as Terdo appello posâ—ulo arcesso insimulo desero arguo incuso castigo increpo vrgeo plecto alligo obligo astringo teneor cito iâ—dico conuinco redarguo noto insamo prehendo deprehendo purgo commonefacio interrogo contemno anquiro doceo as docco de iniurijs (b) Satago de vi Aul. Gel. (c) Indoleo * Sundry of these Verbes haue sometimes other cases as Nunâ—io ad te Plaut Credere duarum rerum and omnium rerum credere Plaut Ignosco condâ—no te Transitiâ—a quorum actio transit in rem aliam (a) Interrâ—go posco postulo flagito exigo (b) Celo c One of the Accus cases may be turn'd into the Abla with a Preposition or without as in the Latin rule (a) Vili paulo c. are oft put without Substantiues and the Substan pretio or the like vnderstood so multo pauco caro immenso b Some Substantiues of the price are also put in the Genitiue case gouerned of the word pretio vnderstood or the like word as centussis decussis c So Scaâ—eo dâ—ficio nitor frando abdico as cumulo orbo viduo augeo fasâ—idio donâ— interdico dico as opulento as (d) Fungor fruor potior egeo careo c. haue sometimes other cases some an Accusatiue some a Genit e So disco dimitto amitto summoueo abigo amoueo redimo relego prohibeo pro defendo vindico depello refraeno retraho reprimo arceo reueco declino * So with any of these signes In with through for from or by Gerunds may be turn'd into Adiectiues Gerundiues The Gerund in di into the Genit case The Gerund in do into the Ablatiue The Gerund in dum into the Accusatiue Interest q. in re est Refert q. refert Hoc dominus ac pater interest Interest is heere a Personâ—ll signifying doth dâ—â—ter as if Dominus interest hoc ac pater interest hoc by Zeugma a So certum est coÌ„sert competit conducit displicet dolet euenit nocet obest praestat stat restat benefit malefit satisfiâ— sup rest * Decet voâ—is is a Grecisme because we say 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 b This is besides the caâ—e of the Doer So aâ—l Verbs Pasâ—iuâ—s haue the same câ—se of the thing with the Actiuâ—s These Participles Natus prognatus satus cretus creatus ortus editus haue properly an Ablatiue case a Instar also may either be vsed as an Aduerbe with a Genitiue case or else as a Noune vndeclined with ad expressed or vnderstood as instar montis ad instar castrorum (b) Venit advorsum mihi c Clanculum patres Plaut ClaÌ„culum à clam gouerning an Ablat somtime an Accusatiue as clam viâ—uÌ„ Plau. Abdicauit se praetura Cic. Appulit terram (a) Hem astutias Ter. Hem tibi voluptatem (b) Heu proh may somtime haue a Nominatiue case * Styx Cocytus Lethe are Greek words and names of staÌ„ding ponds or fennes not riuers and so are of the feminine Gender * Albulâ— pota Deo aqua is vnderstood by Synthesis So tepidum â—ader flumâ—n is vnderstood or else it is the Neuter beâ—ause it is a barbarous word vndeclined a Abydos is a Greeke word and thought to bee the name of a streight or narrow sea or iâ— a towne it is to be referred to Mascula Sulmo Agragas a So Londinum Eboraâ—um BruÌ„dusium are Neuters (b) Glycerium Philotium Phanium being proper names of womeâ— and made Latine words are the femin Gender though they comâ— of Greek Appellatiues which are the Nâ—ur (a) AulaÌ„â— auraÌ„i and the like do not
commendations and so who shall take the most paines And then the first Authors being seconded with the help of Grammaticall translations so vsed as is prescribed not to make them truants but to lead them surely by the hand past the difficultie of all schoole Learning and still afterward with other new supplies of Commentaries and the like shall make the whole way so delâ—ght some as they shall neuer wex wearie in all their course but be euer made more earnest to climbe vp to the top of all good Learning If it be obiected that questions of Accidence and Grammar haue been set forth by others I answere that sundry haue indeede taken very profitable and commendable paines heerein To all them I acknowledge our Schooles much beholden and my selfe especially And yet ayming at the same generall benefit and furtherance of Learning which they doe I hope none of them can be offended if out of all of them laied together and not iniuring any one of them I haue indeuoured to gather one more plaine easie full and more agreeing to our Accidence and Grammar in all things and to make all their labours of much more vse to Schooles then euer heertofore For besides that som points of principal vse arising directly out of the Booke are wanting in all them which heere you shall finde they haue more-ouer many hard and strange questions intermixed not so necessarie for the first enterers and which doe much trouble the younger sort Many also of those questions in them which are gathered directly are placed out of the order of the Accidence or else distinctions of the Chapters are not obserued or they are set down in too obscure tearmes or ouershort for children to conceiue that both maisters and schollars doe soone cast them out of hand and that very few of them are knowne in our Grammar Schooles I haue therefore laboured to drawe these so as they may serue most fitly and easily for all schooles according to the course which must of necessitie be taken so long as our Accidence and Grammar remaine which cannot be altered without very great inconueniences to Schooles and setting both maisters aend schollarâ— almost newly to begâ—n to be acquainted with their new rules or at the least to bring much disturbance I haue also striuen to make them so plaine that not oâ—ely the Teachâ—rs but euen the young schollars themselues may appoâ—e one another by them and vnderstand each thing fully For the necessarie quâ—stions which I haue adioyned onely for making the rest more clâ—are I haue set an Asteriske vpon them to distinguish them from those which are contained directly in the booke to vse or omit as the maister will and a hand pâ—inting at some places which are of most necessarie vse For other questions to th' end that our young schollars may not be troubled at all with them nor hindred by them in learning their Accidence and yet may in fit time be acquainted with all of them which shal be most needfull that nothing may be wanting hereunto to make our schoâ—â—a a sound Gramarian I purpose God willing so much as vpon further aduise shall be thought fit to set them briefly in the margâ—â—ts ouer against the rulâ—s to which they belong as I haue done some fewe alreadiâ— or elâ—e in the end most shortly by themselues Accept this beginning as a token of my thankefulnesse to those your graue fatherâ— who haue desâ—rued so well of the Church of God and of all good learning that I wish to keep a perpetuall memorie of them and withall as a pledge of my thankefull affection euen vnto your selfe for your ancient loue and of my heartie desire to adde somewhat to yours by these and other my trauailâ—s Accept them as a witnesse of my vnfained study for that good which â— trust shall hereby be conueyed vnto Schooles and all good learning in making the first entrance so euen as that it may be run in with al louing emulation By the welcome and kinde entertainement of my first labours I shall be more incouraged to go forward with the work during my life vntill I may either put the last hand vnto it or that others after me may supply whatsoeuer is wanting in my poore indeuours being but thus entred into Ianuarie 12. 1611. Yours in all thankfull affection IOHN BRINSLEY To the iudicious Reader FIrst cause the Schollar in learning his rules to vnderstand them well according to these Questions or the like after to get his rules and keepe them perfectly by daily repeating then by posing or reading ouer these all will bee made his owne most easily and surelie to goe forward in construction with all alacritie and sâ—eede Farewell The Authors Postscript LOuing Reader correct with thy pen what still hath escaped Future Editions God willing shall amend continually what is amisse and supply what is wanting THE POSING OF the Accidence Q. WHat Booke doe you learne A. The Accidence Q. What booke is that A. A booke which teacheth all the first grouÌ„ds of the Latine tonge * Q. Why is it called the Accidence Because it teacheth first chiefly the Accidents that is the things belonging to the parts of speech Q. Into how many parts is your Accidence diuided A. Into two First an Introduction of the eyght parts of the Latine speech Secondly the Construction of the eight parts of speech * Q. What meane you by an Introduction of the eyght parts of speech A. An entring or leading-in the learner as by the hand to knowe the eight parts of speech * Q. What meane you by the Construction of the eight parts of speech A. The construing or framing setting together of the eyght parts of speech Q. Where begins your first part or the Introduction of the eight parts of speech A. At In speech Q. Where beginneth the second part A. At For the due Ioyning of words c. Q. What meane you by those words In speech A. In euery tongue or language as namely in the Latine speech or tongue which we are to learne Q. How many parts then are there of the Latine speech A. Eight Noune Pronoune Verbe Participle Adverbe Conjunction Preposition Interjection Q. Are there no moe parts of all your Latine speech but onely eyght A. No for euery word whereof speech is made is one of these eight parts It is either a Noune or a Pronone Verbe or one of the rest â—hough there be many thousand words yet each is one of these Q. How many of these parts are declined how manie vndeclined A. The foure first are declined the 4. last are vndeclined Q. Why are they said to be declined A. Because they may be declined that is they may be varied or changed from their first ending into diuerse endings as Magister magistri magistro Amo amas amat Q. Why are the rest called vndeclined A. Because they cannot bee so declined or changed as hodiâ— â—ras aâ— * Q. How many of
hoc A. When it is vsed as a Pronoune it signifieth this but when it is declined with a Noune it is onely an Article like as it is taken here and hath no signification at all Genders of Nounes * Q. WHat is a Gender A. The difference of Nounes according to the sex * Q. What meane you by that A. It is the difference whereby a word is noted to signifie the male or female or neither that is either hee or shee or neither of them Q. How many Genders haue you A. My booke makes seauen the Masculine the Feminine the Neuâ—er the Common of two the CoÌ„mon of three the Doubtful and the Epicene Q. Which is the Article of the Masculine Gender A. Hic as hic vir a man * Q. What doth it belong to A. It belongeth properly to Masculines that is vnto males or hee s and vnto such words as haue been vsed vnder the names of hee s Q. Which is the Article of the Feminine Gender A. Haec as haec mulier a woman * Q. What belongs it to A. To Feminines that is to females or shee s or things going vnder the names of shee s Q. What is the Article of the Neuter Gender A. Hoc as hoc saxum a stone * Q. What belongs it to A. It belongeth properly to words which signifie neither hee nor shee Q. What Article hath the Common of two A. It is declined with hic and haec * Q. What belongeth it to A. It belongeth properly to words signifying both male and female that is both hee and shee Q. What Articles hath the Common of three A. Hic haec and hoc * Q. What belongs it to A. Onely to Adjectiues Q. What Articles hath the Doubtfull A. Hic or haec as we will as hic vel haec dies a day * Q. What doth it belong to A. To such liuing creatures most properly in which the the kinde is vnknowne whether they be hee or shee As a snayle a snake c. and to some others Also to some liuelesse things as a day a chanell and the like Q. What is the Epicene Gender declined vvith A. Onely with one Article and vnder that one Article both kindes are signified that is both hee and shee In names of foules fishes and wilde beastes as Hic passer a sparrovv either the cocke or the henne haec aquilae an Eagle both hee and shee hoc haleâ— a herring both milter and spauner * Q. Is the Epicene Gender a Gender properly A. No it is not properly a Gender nor hath any proper Article * Q. You said that your booke did make seauen Genders are there not seauen simply A. No there are but three simply The Masculine Feminine Neuter the other foure are compounded or made of these three The Declensions of Nounes Q. WHat follow next after Genders A. Declensions * Q. What call you a Declension A. A varying of a word into cases or the varying changing of the first name of a word into diuerse other endings called cases Q. How many Declensions of Nounes are there A. Fiue Q. How wil you know of what Declension a Noune is A. By the termination of the Genitiue case singular * Q. What meane you by termination A. The end of a word in the last letter or syllable Q. How ends the Genitiue case singular of the first Declension A. In ae diphthong Q. How the Datiue A. In ae dipthong c. Q. What is your example of the first Declension A. Musa * Q. What serues this exaÌ„ple for chiefly A. This and all other examples following in each Declension serue to shewe their rules by and also to decline or frame others like vnto them Q. Decline Musa and giue the English with it in euery case according to the signs of the cases A. Singul. Nom. haec musa a song Gen. huius musae of a song Dat. huic musae to a song Accus hanc musam the song Vocat ô musa O song Ablat ab hac musa from a song Plural Nom. hae musae songs Gen. harum musarum of songs Dat. his musis to songs Accus has musas the songs Vocat ô musae ô songs Ablat ab his musis from songs Q. Why do you giue a for the signe of the Nominatiue case and the of the Accusatiue A. Because these are the most vsuall signes of these cases and may most fitly serue herevnto Q. Giue me the signes by themselues to decline any word by A. A of to the ô from or fro Q. Decline Musa with the English first A. A song musa of a song musae to a song musae the song musam ô song ô musa from a song ab hac musa Plur. Songs musae of songs musaruÌ„ to songs musis the songs musas ô songs musae from songs ab his musis * Q. Why doe you decline them so A. Because giuing English to the Latine will teach me to construe parse Latine speedily and giuing Latine to English will helpe me as much for making Latine Q. Doe your Datiues and Ablatiues plurall end alwaies in is in this Declension A. No Filia and nata are excepted which make the Datiue and Ablatiue plurall in is or in abus Also Dea mula aequa liberta which end in abus onely as Deabus mulabus not deis mulis The second Declension Q. HOw ends the Genitiue case singular of the second Declension A. In i. Q. How the Datiue A. In o c. Q. Giue me an example of the second Declension A. Hic Magister a Master Q. Decline Magister as you decline Musa that is both Latine before the English and English before the Latine A. Sing Nom. Hic Magister a Master Gen. Huius Magistri of a master c. Q. Doth your Vocatiue case in the second Declension end alwaies like the Nominatiue A. No but for most part Q. How many exceptions haue you of it A. Three first of Nounes ending in us Secondly of proper names of men ending in ïus Thirdly of some common Nounes making their Vocatiue in e or in us Q. When the Nominatiue endeth in us how must the Vocatiue end A. In e as Dominus ô Domine Q. Doe all words in us make the Vocatiue in e A. Yea all but two Deus that makes ô Deus and Filius that makes ô Fili. Q. If the word be a proper name of a man ending in ïus how must the Vocatiue end A. In i as Georgius ô Georgi Q. How many words haue you which make the Vocatiue in â— or in us A. Six agnus lucus vulgus populus chorus fluuius for agnus makes agne vel agnus in the vocatiue case so all the rest Q. Are Nounes of the Neuter Gender declined like Nounes of the Masculine and Feminine A. No all Nounes of the Neuter Gender of what Declension soeuer they be haue three like cases in either number Q. What three cases are those A.
The Nominatiue the Accusatiue the Vocatiue Q. And how do these 3. cases end in the plurall number A. In a. Q. Giue me an example of the Neuter Gender and decline it both wayes as you did Musa A. Sing Nom. hoc regnum a kingdome Gen. huius regni of a kingdome So a kingdom regnum of a kingdome regni c. Q. Are no words excepted from beeing thus declined A. Yes only ambo and duo of the first second Declension which make the Neuter Gender in o as ambo not amba and the Datiue and Ablatiue in bus as ambobus ambabus ambobus not ambis Q. Decline Ambo with the English A. Plur. Ambo both Masculines ambae both Feminines ambo both Neuters So in the rest The third Declension Q. HOw ends the Genitiue case singular of the third Declension A. In is c. Q. Giue me an example of the third Declension declined as before both waies A. Sing Nom. hic lapis a stone Gen. huius lapidis of a stone c. So Nom. hic et haec Parens a father or mother Gen. huius Parentis of a father or mother c. Thus againe English first The fourth Declension Q. HOw ends the Genitiue case singular of the fourth Declension A. In us Q. Giue an example A. Sing Nom. haec manus a hand c. The fift Declension Q. HOw ends the Genitiue case singular of the fift Declension A. In ëi Q. Giue an example A. Sing Nom. hic meridies a noone-time of the day c. Q. Of what Gender are Nounes of the fift Declension A. Of the Feminine Gender except meridies and dies Q. Shew me how the Genitiue case singular ends in each Declension together A. Of the first in ae dipthong as Musae The second in i as Magistri The third in is as lapidis The fourth in us as manus The fift in ëi as meridiei Q. Shew me how the Datiues end so all the rest in order A. The Datiue case singular of the first in ae diphthong as Musae The second in o as Magistro The third in i as Lapidi The fourth in üi as Manui The fift in ëi as Meridiâ—i The Accusatiue case singular Of the first in am as Musam The second in um as Magistrum The third in em or im as Lapidem â—itiâ— The fourth in um as Manum The fift in em as Meridiem The Vocatiue for the most part like the Nominatiue The Ablatiue case singular Of the first in a as Musa The second in o as Magistro The third in e or i as Lapide tristi The fourth in u as Manu The fift in e as Meridie The Nominatiue case plurall Of the first in ae diphthong as Musae The second in i as Magistri The third in es as Lapides The fourth in us as Manus The fift in es as Meridies The Genitiue case plurall Of the first in arum as Musarum The second in orum as Magistrorum The third in um or ium as Lapidum tristium The fourth in üm as Manuum The fift in erum as Meridierum The Datiue case Plurall Of the first in is as Musis The second in is as Magistris The third in bus as Lapidibus The fourth in ibus or ubus as manibus arcubus The fift in ebus as Meridiebus The Accusatiue case plurall Of the first in as as Musas The second in os as Magistros The third in es as Lapides The fourth in us as manus The fift in es as meridies The Vocatiue plurall is euer like the Nominatiue The Ablatiue plurall is euer the same with the Datiue Q. Giue me shortly the terminations alone in euerie case together A. Of the Genitiue case singular ae i is us ei Of the Datiue ae o i üi ëi Of the Accusatiue am um em um em Of the Ablatiue a o e u e. Nominatiue plurall ae i es us es Gen. arum orum um or ïum üum erum Datiu is is bus ibus or ubus ebus Accus as os es us es Vocatiue like the Nominatiue Ablat is is bus ibus or ubus ebus * Q. Are there no speciall terminations of the Nominatiue cases in each Declension to knovve the Declensions by A. Not certaine yet these are the most vsuall in wordes which are meerely Latine and regular The Nomi case of the first endeth in a. Of the second in r us or m. Of the third in l n o r s x. Of the fourth in us Of the fift in es The Declining of Adjectiues Q. NOvv that wee haue done with Noune Substantiues what are wee to come to next A. To Nounes Adjectiues Q. How many sorts of Adiectiues are there A. Two Adiectiues declined with three terminations Adiectiues declined with three Articles Q. What Adiectiues are of three terminations A. Such as haue in most cases three terminations that is three diuers endings shewing their Genders as Bonus bona bonum Q. * How know you their Genders by their terminations A. The first word as Bonus is the masculine the second as Bona is the Feminine the third as Bonum is the Neuter * Q. What if they haue but one termination that is if they haue but one word in any â—ase as Abla Bonis what Gender is the word then A. That word is of all Genders Q. What is the example to decline words of three terminations by A. Bonus bona bonum good Q. How decline you Bonus with the English with it A. Bonus a good masculine bona a good feminine bonum a good Neuter Genit Boni of a good masculine bona of a good feminine boni of a good neuter So in the rest Q. Are all Adjectiues of three terminations declined like bonus A. All except eight with their compounds which make the Genitiue case singular in ïus and the Datiue in i. Q. What are those declined like A. Like vnus a um Q. Hath unus the plurall number A. No except when it is ioyned with a word lacking the singular number Q. Which are those other words which are so declined like nuus hauing the Genitiue case singular in ïus and the Datiue in i A. Totus solus and also ullus alius alter uter neuter Q. Are these in all things declined like unus A. Yes saâ—ing that the fiue last that is ullus alius alter uter and neuter doe want the Vocatiue case alius makes aliud not alium in the Neuter Gender * Q. Of what Declension are Nounes of three terminations as Bonus bona bonum A. Of the first and second for the first word as Bonus is declined like Magister or Dominus the second as bona is declined like Musa the third as bonum is declined like Regnum Q. Which do you call Adjectiues of three Articles A. Such as wee put Articles to in euery case to expresse their Genders as
Nom. Hic haec et hoc Foelix Gene. huius foelicis c. Hic et haec tristis hoc triste * Of what Declension are all Nounes of three Articles A. Of the third Declension * Q. What Genders are Adjectiues of 3. Articles of A. Of the Common of three * Q. If they haue but one termination is any case as Foelix what Gender is that of A. Of all three Genders Q. If they haue two terminations as Tristis and Triste what Gender are those words of A. The first as Tristis is the Masculine Feminine Gender the second as Triste is the Neuter * Q. What are all such Adjectiues of three Articles declined like A. If they haue but one ending in the Nominatiue case as foelix or audax they are declined like foelix If they haue two like tristis and triste levis and leve they are declined like tristis Comparisons of Nounes Adjectiues Q. WHat else belongs to a Noune besides Number Case Gender and Declension A. Comparison * Q. What is Comparison A. The altering the signification of a word into more or lesse by degrees Q. Doth Comparison belong to all Nounes A. No it belongs properly to none but to Adjectiues Q. May all Adjectiues be compared A. No none but onely such whose signification may increase or be diminished * Q. What is it to increase or be diminished A. To be made more or lesse as hard harder hardest So backe againe hardest harder hard * Q. What meane you by a degree of Comparison A. Euery word that altereth the signification by more or lesse is a degree Q. How many degrees of Comparison are there A. Three the Positiue the Comparatiue and the Superlatiue Q. Which is the Positiue degree A. That which betokeneth a thing absolutely without excesse Q. What meane you by a thing absolutely without excesse A. Such a thing as signifieth neither more nor lesse but is absolute of it selfe vvithout beeing compared or without hauing respect to any other as Durus hard Q. What call you the Comparatiue A. The Comparatiue is that which somewhat exceedeth the Positiue in signification Q. What meane you by that A. The Comparatiue is a word drawne from the Positiue wherein the signification of the Positiue is somewhat increased or made more as Durior harder or more hard minor lesse or more little * Q. What is the signe of the Comparatiue degree A. More either beeing set downe or vnderstood Q. Of what is the Comparatiue degree formed how A. Of the first case of the Positiue that endeth in i by putting to or for the Masculine Feminine Gender and us for the Neuter * Q. Shew mee how A. Of Durus dura durum the Genitiue case is duri which by putting to or is made durior and by putting to us is made durius So the Comparatiue degree is hic et haec durior for the Masculine and Feminine and hoc durius for the Neuter So also of Tristi and Dulci Q. What is the Superlatiue A. The Superlatiue exceedeth his Positiue in the highest degree that is it increaseth the signification of the Positiue to the highest so that one thing beeing compared with many is said to be most of all this thing or that as Durissimus hardest or most hard Q. Whence is the Superlatiue formed A. Of the first case of the Positiue that endeth in i by putting to it the letter s and the word simus as if I put to duri s and simus it is made durissimus * Q. How do you compare these three degrees A. By declining all three degrees together in each Case and euery Gender I meane each Gender in euery case together as Sing Nom. Durus durior durissimuâ— Dura durior durissima Durum durius durissimum Genit Duri durioris durissimi Durae durioris durissimae Duri durioris durissimi This Table heedfully obserued wil teach presently to forme Comparisons by declining all three degrees together Case Article Positiue Comparatiue Superlatiue Nom. Hic Durus durior durissimus Haec Dura durior durissima Hoc Durum durius durissimum Genit Huius Duri durioris durissimi Huius Durae durioris durissimae Huius Duri durioris durissimi Dat. Huic Duro duriori durissimo Huic Durae duriori durissimae Huic Duro duriori durissimo Accus Hunc Durum duriorem durissimum Hanc Duram duriorem durissimam Hoc Durum durius durissimum Nom. Hic Foelix foelicior foelicissimus Haec Foelix foelicior foelicissima Hoc Foelix foelicius foelicissimum Genit Huius Foelicis foelicioris foelicissimi Huius Foelicis foelicioris foelicissimae Huius Foelicis foelicioris foelicissimi Nom. Hci Tristis tristior tristissimus Haec Tristis tristior tristissima Hoc Triste tristius tristiâ—simum Genit Huius Tristis tristioris tristissimi Huius Tristis tristioris tristissimae Huius Tristis tristioris tristissimi c. Q. Are there no exceptions from these generall rules of comparing Nounes that is from this manner of comparing A. Yes there are foure exceptions Q. What is the first exception A. Of Nounes which haue no Comparatiue or Superlatiue degree but borrow them of others Q. How many such haue you A. My booke names fiue Bonus malus magnus parvus and multus Q. Compare Bonus A. Bonus melior optimus bona melior optima bonum melius optimum Gen. Boni melioris optimi bonae melioris optimae boni melioris optimi c. So Malus peior pessimus and the rest as before Q. What is your second exception A. Of Positiues ending in r. Q. If the Positiue end in r how must the Superlatiue be formed A. Of the Nominatiue case by putting to rimus as Pulcher pulcherrimus Q. Which is the third exception A. Of sixe Adjectiues ending in lis Q. How doe you make their Superlatiue A. By changing lis into limus and not into lissimus Q. Which are those sixe A. Humilis humble similis like facilis easie gracilis slender agilis nimble docilis apt to learne for wee say Humilis humilimus and not humilissimus Q. How doe all other Nounes ending in lis forme the Superlatiue A. They follow the generall rule afore-going Q. What meane you by that A. That they forme the Superlatiue by putting to s and simus to the first case of the Positiue ending in i as utili vtilissimus as before Q. What is your last exception A. Of such Adjectiues as haue a vowell comming before us as Pius Assiduus Idoneus Q. How are these compared A. By these two Adverbs Magis more maximè most putting-to magis in steed of the Comparatiue degree maximè in steede of the Superlatiue so declining the three degrees together as before in euery Case and Gender in order as Pius godly magispius more godly maximè pius most godly c. * Q. Why are these so compared A. For auoyding the meeting together of vowels which cannot be so well
case at all Q. How many Pronounes are of the fourth Declension A. Two nostras and vestras Q. What are these called A. Gentiles Q. Why so A. Because they properly betoken pertaining to some Country or Nation to some sect or faction as Nostras one of our Country or of our sect or side Vestras one of your countrie sect or side Q. But your booke ads Cuias is it a Pronoune A. No it is a Noune Q. Why is it declned here being a Noune A. Because it hath the same manner of declining vvith Nostras and Vestras like as all other Nounes that be Gentiles haue and because it comes of Cuius the Genitiue case of Qui quae quod Q. What signifies Cuias A. Of what countrie or what countrie-man Q. What are these three declined like A. They are in al things declined like Tristis sauing that in the Nominatiue and Vocatiue case singular they make as for atis Q. Shew me how by example A. Sing Nom. Hâ—c et haec Nostras et hoc Nostrate for hic et haec nostratis et hoc nostrate the termination âtis beeing drawne into as Of the Persons in a Pronoune Q. WHat is the fift thing belonging to a Pronoune A. Person * Q. What meane you by a Person A. Any person or thing which speaketh of it selfe or is spoken to or spoken of Q. How many persons be there A. Three Q. What is the first Person A. A word whereby any person speaketh of himselfe alone or with others as Ego I Nos we Q. How many words are of this Person A. Ego and nos and no more properly Q. What is the second Person A. Any person or thing which is spoken to either alone or with others as Tu thou Vos ye Q. How many wordes are of this Person A. Tu and Vos and no moe properly Q. But your booke saith that euery Vocatiue case is of the second Person A. That is by a figure called Evocation Q. What is the reason of it A. Because Tu or Vos are vnderstood in euery Vocatiue case and so the Vocatiue case is made of the same Person with them Q. As how for example A. When we say ô puer ô boy we vnderstand ô tu puer ô thou boy Q. What is the third Person A. That which is spoken of as Ille he Illi they Q. What words are of the third Person A. All Nounes Pronounes and Participles except Ego nos tu and uos Q. But these three ipse idem and qui are sometime of the first and second Person A. That is likewise by the figure Evocation when they are ioyned with wordes of the first or second Person expressed or vnderstood as with Ego tu nos or vos For then they are made of the same Person Q. May not any Noune or Pronoune be of the first or second Person by the same figure A. Yes * Q. To what end serue these Persons in Pronounes A. To expresse our minde fitly vvhen wee speake of anie Person More specially they serue for the forming of Verbes vvherein they are euer expressed or vnderstoode in euery vvord in each Moode and Tense except the Infinitiue Of a Verbe Q. WHich is the third part of speech A. A Verbe Q. What is a Verbe A. A part of speech declined with Mood Tense betokeneth the dooing suffering or beeing of any thing Q. Shewe mee how it betokeneth dooing suffering or beeing A. Thus Dooing as Amo I doe loue suffering as amor I am loued beeing as sum I am * Q. What is then the difference betweene a Noune and a Verbe A. A Noune signifieth the name of a thing a Verbe signifieth the manner of dooing suffering or beeing of that thing Q. How many kinde of Verbes are there A. Two Personall and Impersonall Q. What meane you by Personall A. A Verbe that hath Persons Q. What a Verbe is that A. Such a Verb as is varied by diuerse Persons as I loue thou louest he loueth we loue c. Q. What is an Impersonall A. That which is not varied by moe Persons but onely is formed in the third Person singular with this signe it as Decet it becommeth Q. How many kinde of Personalls are there A. Fiue Actiue Passiue Neuter Deponent and Common * Q. How doe these differ one from another A. Three waies First in termination or ending Secondly in signification Thirdly in declining or forming Q. How doe they differ in Termination A. Some end in o some in or some fewe in m. Q. What Verbes in o A. A Verbe Actiue and a Verbe Neuter Q. What Verbes end in or A. Passiues Deponents and Commons * Q. What Verbs end in m A. A few Neuters as sum forem inquam possum with other compounds of them Q. How then ends a Verbe Actiue A. In o. Q. What doth it betoken or signifie A. To doe as amo I loue or I doe loue Q. What may a Verbe Actiue be made A. A Passiue Q. How A. By putting to r as of Amo I loue put to r is made Amor. Q. How ends a Verbe Passiue A. In or Q. What doth it betoken A. It betokeneth passion or suffering or somthing to be done as Amor I am loued Q. May not a Verbe Passiue be made an Actiue A. Yes Q. How A. By putting awaie r as of Amor take away r it is made Amo. Q How ends a Verbe Neuter A. In o or m as Curro I runne Sum I am Q. Cannot a Verbe Neuter take r to make it a Passiue as Actiues doe as of Curro by putting to r to make curror A. No There is no such word as Curror Q. How is a Verbe Neuter Englished A. Sometime Actiuely that is like an Actiue as Curro I runne sometimes Passiuely or like a Passiue as Aegroto I am sick Q. How ends a Verbe Deponent A. In r like a Verbe Passiue Q. How doth it signifie A. Either like an Actiue as loquor I do speake or like a Verbe Neuter signifying Actiuely not Passiuely as glorior I doe boast Q. How ends a Verbe Common A. In r like a Passiue Q. How doth it signifie A. Both Actiuely and Passiuely that is both as a Verbe Actiue and as a Verbe Passiue and therefore it is called a Verbe Common as Osculor I kisse or am kissed * Q. How many I know in any place whether a Verbe CoÌ„mon do signifie Actiuely or Passiuely A. By the construction For if it be construed as a Verbe Actiue it signifieth Actiuely as Osculor te I kisse thee but if it haue the construction of a Verbe Passiue it signifieth Passiuely as Osculor à te I am kissed of thee Q. Whether can a Verbe Deponent or a Verb Common loose r to be made Actiues A. No Loquor cannot be made loquo nor Osculor osculo * Q. But some of these kinds of verbs are said to be Transitiue others Intransitiue how may I know which are
three Persons in either Number A. Yea in perfect Verbs except that the Imperatiue Mood wants the first Person of the singular Number and the Infinitiue hath no Persons at all as was said * Q. What differ your Persons in Verbs from Persons in Nounes and Pronounes A. The Persons in Nounes and Pronounes signifie who or what Person it is that doth or suffereth any thing The Persons in Verbs signifie what it is that such a Person doth or suffereth * Q. Shew it by an example A. Magister docet the Maister teacheth Magister is the Person of the Noune doing something docet the Person of the Verbe signifying what he doth Coniugations * Q. WHat is a Coniugation A. The varying of a Verbe according to Moods Tenses and Persons Q. How many Coniugations haue Verbs A. Foure Q. How may they be knowne asunder A. By their seuerall vowels which are their marks to know them by Q. What is the vowell of the first Conjugation to know it by A. A long before re and ris as amâre amâris Q. What of the second A. E long before re and ris as docêre docêris Q. What of the third A. E short before re and ris as legeâ—e legeris Q. What of the fourth A. I long before re and ris as audîre audîris * Q. Where must you finde this re and ris vvhich you speake of A. Re in the Infinitiue Moode Actiue which is the fourth word in declining the Verbe in the Actiue voice as Amo amas amaui amare and ris in the second Person Passiue that is in the second word in declining a Verbe Passiue as Amor amaris Of declining and coniugating Verbs Q. THat you may be skilful in all Verbs which with the knowledge of the Nounes is accounted the most speedy helpe to attaine the Latine tongue what must you doe A. I must learne to bee verie perfect in declining and coniugating any Verbe Q. How many examples haue you to decline and conjugate all perfect Verbs by A. Foure according to the number of the Conjugations Q. In how many voyces are these examples formed A. In two Actiue and Passiue All Verbs in o are formed like Amo Doceo Lego or Audio All Verbs in or like Amor Doceor Legor Audior * Q. Are Deponents and Commons declined like Passiues A. Yes sauing that they are to haue Gerunds Supines declined with them beâ—ause they want Actiues and they haue Participles as they are set down in the Participle after * Q. What is the chiefe benefit of this perfect readinesse in declining and conjugating A. To be able as in the Noune to giue either the English to the Latine or Latine to the English of any Verbe in each Moode Tense and Person and thereby to be able to proceede most speedily in construing parsing and making Latine * Q. How will you doe that A. By beeing perfect in all the Persons thorough each Mood and Tense to be able to giue both English to Latine and Latine to English in them and after to runne the Terminations of euery Tense and Person in my mind together with the signes of euery Person in English Q. But how will you doe in the Imperatiue Mood which hath no first Person singular A. Giue it in the second Person Q. Shew mee an example hereof and first of saying the Latine before A. Amo I loue amabam I loued or did loue amaui I haue loued amaueram I had loued amabo I shall or will loue Imperatiue second Person Ama amato loue thou Optatiue vtinam Amem grant I loue c. Q. Giue me the English first A. I loue Amo I loued or did loue amabam c. as in declining Nounes Q. But let me heare how you runne the Terminations as in Amo. A. O as at amus atis ant So in Amabam bam bas bat bamus batis baâ—t Q. Which are those English signes which you must run in your minde with these terminations A. The Persons in English I thou he we ye and they Q. Then if you can giue the first Person in any Tense you can by this meanes giue any Person of the same by remembring or running in your mind the terminations signes together A. Yes Q. How say you I loued or did loue A. Amabam Q. They loued or did loue A. Amabant Q. If you be asked any Person which you cannot tell what must you doe to finde it A. Call to minde but the first Person of that Tense and run the rest in my minde vntill I come to it Q. How for example A. If I be asked how I say Wee had taught I straight remember I had taught docueram so running in my minde ram ras rat ramus ratis rant and withall I thou he wee ye they I finde docueramus we had taught * Q. Giue mee the first Persons of those Tenses vvhich come one of another and first which come of the Present tense A. Amo amabam amabo amem amarem amare * Q. Giue those which come of the Preterperfect tense A. Amaui amaueram amauerim amauero amauissem amauisse Q. Rehearse them together as they stand in the booke A. Amo amabam amaui amaueram amabo Ama amato Amem amarem amauerim amauissem amauero amare amauisse Q. Rehearse them Actiuely and Passiuely together as they stand in order A. Amo amor amabam amabar amaui amatus sum vel fui amaueram amatus eram vel fueram amabo amabor Imper. second Person Ama amato amare amator Optat. Potentiall and Subiunctiue Amem amer amarem amarer amauerim amatus sim vel fuerim amauisseÌ„ amatus essem vel fuissem amauero amatus erâ— vel fuero Infinitiue Amare amari amauisse amatum esse vel fuisse Amaturum esse amatum iri vel amandum essem Amandi amando amandum Amatum amatu amans amatus amaturus amandus * Q. Giue the terminations of the first Persons of the Actiue voice alone A. O bam i ram bo or am Em or am rem rim sem ro Q. Giue the signes of the Tenses answering A. Do did haue had shall or will as before Q. Giue the terminations of the Actiue and Passiue together A. O or bam bar i sum vel bo bor am ar fui ram eram vel fueram Em er am ar rem rer rim sim vel fuerim sem essem vel fuissem ro ero vel fuero Infinit e i se esse vel fuisse * Q. Is there yet no further helpe for knowing the seuerall Persons A. Yes The first Persons Actiue end in o am em im or i the second in as es is or sti the third in at et it the first Plurall in mus the second in t is the third in nt Q. How end the first Persons Passiue A. The first Persons end commonly in or ar er the second in aris eris iris the third in tur the first Plural in mur
Participles haue Verbs Actiues Neuters which haue the Supines A. Two one of the Present tense and another of the Future in rus Q. But what if these lacke the Supines A. Then they want the Future in rus Q. Why so A. Because it is deriued of the later Supine As of Disco is onely discens without a Participle of the Future in rus Q What Participles haue Verbs Passiues whose Actiues haue the Supines A. Two a Participle of the Preter tense of the Future in dus as of Amor cometh amatus amandus Q. But what if the Actiues want the Supines A. They want then the Participle of the Preter tense Q. Why so A. Because the Participle of the Preter tense should bee formed of the later Supine which is wanting As of Timeor is onely timendus Q. What Participles hath a Verbe Deponent A. Three one of the Present tense another of the Pretertense and one of the future in rus as of Auxilior commeth auxilians auxiliatus auxiliaturus Q. Can it neuer haue a Participle of the Future in dus A. Yes if it gouerne an Accusatiue case as being a Verbe Transitiue as Loquor verâ—uÌ„ Loquor may forme loquendus Q. How many Participles hath a Verbe Common A. All the four Participles as of Largior commeth largiens largiturus largitus largiendus Q. How are the Participles of the Present tense declined A. Like Nounes Adjectiues of three Articles as Nom. Hic haec hoc Amans like Foelix Q. How are Participles of other tenses declined Like Nouns Adjectiues of three diuers endings as Nom. Amatus amata amatum like Bonus a um so all the rest Of an Aduerbe Q. WHich is your fift part of speech and the first of those which are vndeclined A. An Aduerbe Q. What is an Aduerbe A. A part of speech ioyned to the Verbes to declare their signification Q. Why is it called an Aduerbe A. Because it is vsuâ—lly ioyned to Vâ—rbs in speaking Q. May it not be ioyned vnto other parts of speech also A. Yes to such wordes as are in the place of Verbes and some other as sometimes to Nounes sometimes to Aduerbes Q Whereto is an Aduerbe ioyned to the Verbs A. To declare their signification that is to make their signification more plaine and full * How A. By some circumstance of time place number order or the like according to the the seuerall kindes of Aduerbs As when I taught where how oft in what order and the like hereunto Q. Rehearse the sorts of your Aduerbs A. Aduerbs are of Time Place Number Order and so as they stand in the booke Q. Giue me your Aduerbs Englishing them in order A. Aduerbs of time as Hodie to day cras to morrow herì yesterday perendie they day after to morrow olim in time past aliquando somtimes nuper of late quando when Of Place as vbi where ibi there hic heere istic there illic there intus within foris without Of Number as Semel once bis twise ter thrise quater foure times iterum againe Of Order as Indè from thence deinde afterwards denique to conclude postremò last of all Of Asking or Doubting as Cur wherefore quare wherefore vnde from whence quorsum to what end num whether numquid whether Of Calling as Heus hoe ô hoe ehodum hoe syrrah Of Affirming as Certè surely nae verily profectò truely sanè truely or doubtlesse scilicet doubtlesse or truely licet be it so esto be it so Of Denying as Non not haud not minimè no or in no wise neutiquam not or in no wise nequaquam no or in no wise Of Swearing as v er Pol in good-sooth aedepol in good-sooth Hâ—rcle truly Medius-fidius in faith or truth Of Exhorting as Eia goe to or well age go to agite goe ye to agedum well go to yet Of Flatering as Sodes if thou darest or on good fellowship amabo of all loue Of Forbidding as Ne no not Of Wishing as vtinam I would to God si O that ô si O if ô oh that Of Gathering together as Simul together vnà together pariter together non modò not onely non solùm not onely Of Parting as Seorsim asunder or one from another sigillatinâ— euery one asunder or peculiarly vicatim streete by streete or village by village Of Choosing as Potius rather imò yea rather Of a thing not finished as Penè almost ferè almost prope nigh or neer or almost vix scarsly modò almost Of Shewing as En behold ecce behold Of Doubting as Forsan peraduenture forsitan peraduenture fortassis it may be fortasse it may be peraduenture Of Chance as Fortè by chance fortuitò by chance or at aduenture Of Likenesse as Sic so sicut like as quasi as ceu as tanquam euen as velut as Of Qualitie as Benè well malè euilly doctè learnedly fortiter valiantly Of Quantitie as Multum much parum little minimum the least of all paululum very little plurimum the most of all or very much Of Comparison as Tam so or aswel quà m as magis more minus lesse maximè especially Q. Are not some Aduerbs compared A. Yes certain are as Doctè learnedly doctiùs more learnedly doctissime most learnedly Fortiter valiantly fortiùs more valiantly fortissimè most valiantly Prope neer propiùs neerer proximè the neerest of all * Q. Doe these form the Coâ—paratiue and the Superlatiue degree of their Positiue as Adjectiues doe A. No they haue no Comparatiue nor Superlatiue degree of themselues neither doe forme any Comparison properly * Q. How then haue they these degrees A. They doe borrow them of Nounes Adjectiues of the Comparatiue and Superlatiue degree * Q. How do their CoÌ„paratiue Superlatiue degrees end A. Their Comparatiues end in us like the Neuter Gender of the Adjectiue of the Comparatiue degree Q. How end their Superlatiues A. They end for most part in e like the Masculin Gender of the Vocatiue case of their Adjectiue of the Superlatiue degree Of which they seeme to bee formed as Doctè doctiùs doctissimè Q. Doe not some Superlatiues end in um A. Yes some few which haue the termination of the Neuter Gender of the Vocatiue case whereof they come as Plurimùm potissimùm Q. Are not Prepositions sometimes made Aduerbes A. Yes when they are set alone without a case * Q. How may we know Aduerbs A. Easily Many of them are set downe in the Accidence The rest may be knowne partly by their English partly by their Latine chiefly by their English and Latine together * Q. How by their English A. Most of them besides these in the booke are Aduerbs of Quality doe commonly end in ly in English as wisely learnedly Q. How by their Latine A. They end commonly in è or us and are marked ouer the head with a graue accent to distinguish them froÌ„ Nouns as Doctè doctiùs doctissimè Or else they end in er as
Prudenter wisely * Q. How by their English and Latine together A. Thus as Doctè learnedly doctiùs more learnedly doctissmè most learnedly Fortiter valiantly fortiùs more valiantly fortissimè most valiantly Q. But haue you not some ending in o like Ablatiue cases A. Yes as Tantò by so much some also in im as furtìm theeuishly comming of the verbe furor But these haue their accents to know them by like as those in um and the rest Of a Conjunction Q. WHich is your second part of speech vndeclined A. A Conjunction Q. What is a Conjunction A. A part of speech that joineth words senteÌ„ces together * Q. What is then the vse of Conjunctions A. To ioyne words and sentences Q. How many kindes haue you of them A. Twelue Copulatiues Disjunctiues Discretiues Causals Conditionals Exceptiues Interrogatiues Illatiues Aduersatiues Redditiues Electiues Diminutiues Q. Giue me your Coniunctions Latine and English together A. Copulatiues as Et and que and quoquè also ac and atque and â—oc neither neque neither Disjunctiues as Aut either ve or or either vel either sen either sine either Discretiues as Sed but quidem but truly autem but verò but at but ast but. Casuals as Nam for namque for enim for etenim for quia because vt that quòd that quum sith that quoniam because and quando set for quoniam sith that or because Conditionals as Si if sin but if modò so that dum so that dummodo so that Exceptiues as Nâ— except nisi except quin but alioquin except that or otherwise praeter quam except that Interrogatiues as Ne whether an whether utrùm vvhether necnè whether or no annè whether or no nonnè is it not so Illatiues as Ergo therefore ideo therefore igitur therefore quare wherefore it aque therefore proin therefore Aduersatiues as Et si although quanquam although quamâ—is although licèt although or albeit esto be it so Redditiues to the same as Tamen notwithstanding attamen yet notwithstanding Electiues as Quà m how ac as atque as or then Diminutiues as Saltem at least vel yea or at the leastwise Of a Preposition Q. WHich is your third part of speech vndeclined A. A Preposition Q. What is a Preposition A. A part of speech most commonly sette before other parts of speech either in Apposition or in Composition Q. Why doe you say most commonly set before other parts A. Because some Prepositions are orderly set after their cases the rest also may be set after sometimes Q. What meane you by Apposition when you say a Preposition is set before in Apposition A. When a Preposition is onely set before an other word yet is not made one with it but remaineth a perfect word of it selfe as Ad patrem Q. What meane you by Composition when you say a Preposition is set before in Composition A. When it is made a part of the word which it is set before as indoctus vnlearned Q. To what vse doe Prepositions serue specially A. To gouerne cases or to serue to cases as our booke hath it * Q. What cases doe they serue to A. To three Some to an Accusatiue some to an Ablatiue some both to an Accusatiue and an Ablatiue Q. How many Prepositions serue to the Accusatiue case A. Two and thirtie namely Ad to apud at ante before c. Q. How many serue to the Ablatiue case A. These fifteene A ab abs from or fro c. Q. How many serue to both cases A. Onely these foure In sub super and subter Q. What Prepositions are set after their cases A. These three versus penes and tenus are ordinarily set after also cum and vsque sometimes as mecum ad occidentem vsque * Q. May not the rest of the Prepositions be so set after their cases also A. Yes by the figure Anastrophe as Italiam contra Q. Can no Preposition serue to a Genitiue case A. Yes Tenus Q. When is that A. When the casuall word ioyned with Tenus is the Plurall number then it must be put in the Genitiue case and be set before tenus as Aurium tenus vp to the eares genuum tenus vp to the knees Q. If Prepositions be set alone without any case whether are they then Prepositions A. No they are then changed into Aduerbs and so if they doe forme the degrees of Comparison Q. May those foure which serue to both cases haue either an Accusatiue case or an Ablatiue as we will A. No except Subter which wee may vse at our pleasure * Q. How knowe you then when to ioyne them to the Accusatiue case when to the Ablatiue A. By their signification for when they are put for other Prepositions seruing to the Accus case they will commonly haue an Accusatiue case so for Prepositions seruing to the Ablatiue an Ablatiue Q. When doth in serue to the Accusatiue case A. When it hath the signe to ioyned with the English as in vrbem into the Citie Or when it is put for Erga towards contra against or ad vnto Otherwise it serues to an Ablatiue * Q. When doth Sub gouerne an Accusatiue case A. When it is put for Ad per or ante that is when it signifieth vnto by about or before Otherwise it gouerns an Ablatiue * Q. When doth Super gouerne an Accusatiue A. When it is put for vltra beyond Else it will haue an Ablatiue * Q. Haue you no moe Prepositions but these A. Yes These sixe Am di dis re se con Q. Doe these serue to any cases A. No they serue onely to make Compound words so that they are neuer found alone but onely in Composition compounded with other words Q. Are not Prepositions compared A. No except some of them when they are changed into Aduerbs as Prope propiùs proximè Of an Interjection Q. WHat iâ— your last part of speech A. An Interjection Q. What is an Interjection A. A part of speech which signifieth some suddaine affection or passion of the minde in an imperfect voice Q. How many kindes of Interjections haue you A. So many as there are suddaine passions or motions of the minde as of mirth sorrow dread and the like as they are in my booke Q. Giue me the English of your Interjections as you did of Aduerbs and Coniunctions A. They are imperfect voices and so haue no proper English words yet we may English them thus after our custome of speech Some be of mirth as Euax hey vah hey-da Sorrow as Heu alas hei ah alas Dread as Atat oh or out-alas Maruelling as Papè ô wonderfull Disdaining as Hem oh or what vah ah Shunning as Apage get thee gone or fie away Praysing as Euge ô well done Scorning as Hui hoe alas Exclamation as Proh Deum atque hominum fidem Oh the faith of Gods and men Cursing as Vae woe malum in a mischiefe Laughing as Ha ha he ha ha Calling as Ehâ— oh ïo hoe
rest of that rule The second speciall Rule Q. WHat is your second speciall Rule A. Nomen crescentis penultima si Genitiui syllaba acuta sonet c. Q. What is the meaning of that rule A. Euery Noune Substantiue common increasing sharp or long in the Genitiue case is the feminine Gender except those excepted in the rules following Q. What meane you by that To increase sharp or long A. To haue the last syllable but one of the Genitiue case increasing to be lifted vp in pronouncing or to be pronouÌ„ced long as Virtus virtütis Q. How many chiefe exceptions haue you from this Rule A. Foure some wordes of the Masculine some of the Neuter some of the Doubtfull some of the Common are excepted Q. How many rules haue you of acute or long Masculines excepted A. Three 1. Mascula dicuntur monosyllaba c. 2. Mascula sunt etiam polysyllaba in n. 3. Mascula in er or os Q. What is the meaning of the first rule Mascula dicuntur c A. These Nounes of one syllable increasing acute or long are the Masculine Gender as Sal sol c. Q. What is the meaning of Mascula sunt etiam polysyllaba in n c A. All Nounes ending in n beeing of moe syllables then one and increasing long in the Genitiue case are the Masculine Gender as Hic Acarnan ânis So all such wordes ending in o signifying a body or bodily thing as Leo curculio So also senio ternio sermo c. Q. What is the meaning of the third rule Mascula in er or os c A. All Nounes ending in er or and os increasing sharp or long are the Masculine Gender as crater conditor heros ois So all other words in that rule and many ending in deâ—â— â—s bidens with words compounded of As asâ—iâ— as Dodrans semis semissis c. Q. Haue you no exception from these two last rules A. Yes there are foure wordâ— except which are of the feminine Gender as Syren mulier sorâ—r vxâ—r by Sunt muliebre genus syren c. Q. Where is your rule for Neuters increasing sharpe or long A. Suâ—t Neutralia haec monosyllaba c. Q. What is the meaning of that rule A. These words of one syllable increasing sharpe or long are the Neuter Gender as Mel fel. Also all wordes of moe syllables ending in al or in ar increasing long as Capital âlis laquear c. Onely Halâ—c is of the Neuter and Feminine Gender as Haec vel hoc halec Q. Where is your rule for long Doubtfuls A. Sunt dubia haec python c. Q. What is the meaning of it A. These words increasing sharp are the Doubtfull Gender as Python scrobs c. So stirps for a stump of a tree and calx for a heele Also dies a day except that dies is onely the Masculine Gender in the Plurall Number Q. Where is the rule of sharpe or long Commons A. Sunt commune paâ—ens c. Q. What is the meaning of that rule A. These words increasing sharp are the Common of two Genders as Parens author c. And so the compounds of frons as bifrons with custâ—s and the rest of the rule The third and last speciall Rule Q. GIue me your third speciall Rule A. Nomen crescentis penultima si Genitiui sit grauis c. Q. What is the meaning of that Rule A. Euery Noune Substantiue Common increasing flatte or short in the Genitiue case is the Masculine Gender Q. What meane you by that To increase flat A. To haue the last syllable but one pressed downe flat in the pronouncing as Sâ—nguis â—anguinis Q. How many exceptions haue you from this Rule A. Foure some Feminines are excepted some Neuters some Doubtfuls some Commons Q. How many rules haue you of Feminines encreasing short Two Foeminei Generis sit hyperdissyllabon in do And Graecula in as vel in is c. Q. What is the meaning of the first rule Foeminei generis siâ— hyperdisâ—yllabâ—n c A. Euery Noune of moe syllables then two ending in 〈◊〉 and making dinis in the Genitiue case as Dulcedo dulcedinis and in go making ginis as compago compaginis if they increase short are the Feminine Gender so are virgo grando and the rest of that rule Q. What is the meaning of the second rule Graecula in as vâ—l in is c. A. That Latine words ending in as or in is if they be made of Greek words increasing short in the Genitiue case are the feminine Gender as Lampas lampadis iaspis iaspidis So pecus udis forfex cis supellex ilis and the rest of that rule Q. Where is your rule of short Neuters A. Est neutralâ— genus c. Q. What is the meaning of that rule A. All Nounes ending in a signifying a thing without life if they increase short are the Neuter Gender So all such Nounes ending in n as omen in ar as iubar in ur as iecur in us as onus in put as occiput Except pecten and furfur which are the Masculine And so all the rest of that rule are the Neuter Gender as Cadauer verber iter c. and pecus making pecoris Q. Giue the rule of short Doubtfuls A. Sunt dubij generis cardo margo c. Q. What is the meaning of it A. These words increasing short are the Doubtfull Gender as cardo margo c. Q. Giue the rule of short Commons A. Communis generis sunt ista c. Q. What is the meaning A. These words are the Common of two increasing shortâ— as vigil vigilis c. The generall Rule of Adjectiues Q. WHere begins your rule for Adjectiues A. Adiectiua vnam c. Q. How many rules are there of them A. Fiue 1. For all Adjectiues of one termination like foelix 2. for all of two terminations like Tristis 3. for all of three terminations like bonus 4. for Adiectiues declined but with two Articles like Substantiues 5. for Adiectiues of proper declining Q. Giue your rule for all Adiectiues of one termination like Foelix A. Adiectiua vnam duntaxat c. Q. What is the meaning of that Rule A. In Adiectiues hauing but onely one word or termination in the Nominatiue case that one word is of all three Genders as Nom. Hic haec hoc foelix Q. Giue your rule for all Adiectiues of two terminationâ— like Tristis A. Sub gemina si voce c. Q. What is the meaning of that Rule A. If Adiectiues haue two wordes or terminations in the Nominatiue case as omnis and omne the first word as omnis is the Common of two Genders or the Masculine the Feminine the second as omne is the Neuter as hic haec omnis hoc omne Q. What is your rule for all Adiectiues of three terminations like bonus a um A. At si tres variant voces c. Q.
What is the meaning of that rule A. If Adiectiues haue three words or terminations in the Nominatiue case as Sacer sacra sacrum the first as Sacer is the Masculine the second as sacra is the Feminine the third as sacrum is the Neuter Q. Where is your rule for those Adiectiues which are declined like Substantiues with two Articles onely A. At sunt quae flexu c. Q. Giue me the meaning of that rule A. These Adiectiues are almost Substantiues by declining yet Adiectiues by nature and vse as Hic et haec pauper Gen. huius pauperis so puber and the rest Q. But may not some of these bee found in the Neuter Gender A. Yes sometimes but more seldome Q. Giue your rule for those vvhich haue a speciall kinde of declining A. Haec proprium quendam c. Q. What is the meaning of that rule A. These words haue a speciall declining differing somewhat from all examples in the Accidence Q. Shew me how A. Thus Hic campester haec campestris hoc campestre or hic haec campestris hoc campestre Gen. huius campestris In the rest of the cases they are declined like tristis Q. What is the meaning of the last rule Suâ—t quae deficiunt c A. That there are certain other Adiectiues which are Defectiues which shall be spoken of in an other place with some others Q. Where is that A. In the Heteroclits POSING OF THE Rules of the Heteroclits called commonly Quae Genus Q. HAVE you not some other Nounes of an other kinde of declining then these A. Yes we haue sundry in the rules vvhich wee call Quae Genus Q. What are those Nounes tearmed properly A. Heteroclits Q. What meane you by Heteroclits A. Nounes of an other manner of declining that is Nounes declined otherwise then the ordinary manner Q. How many generall kinds are there of them A. Three Variantia genus defectiua redundantia that is such as change their Gender or Declining Secondly such as want some Case or Number Thirdly such as haue ouermuch in declining Q. Where are these set downe together A. In the two first verses of Quae genus Q. Shew me how A. First these words Quae genus aut flexum variant doe note those that vary Secondly these words quaecunque nouato ritu deficiunt doe signifie the defectiues Thirdly these words superántue do signifie those which redound or haue too much Heteroclits varying their Gender Q. WHere begin your Rules for those which vary their Gender and declining A. Haec genus ac partim c. Q. What is the meaning of the rule A. These words change their Gender and declining Q. How many sorts haue you of these A. Sixe set downe in three generall rules Q. Name the sorts A. First some of the Feminine Gender in the Singular Number and the Neuter in the Plurall Secondly Neuters in the Singular Number Masculines and Neuters in the Plurall Thirdly Neuters Singular Masculines onely in the Plurall Fourthly Neuters Singular Feminines Plurall Fiftly Masculines Singular Neuters Plurall Sixtly Masculines Singular Masculines and Neuters Plurall Q. Where is your rule for Feminines Singular Neuters Plurall A. Pergamus infoelix c. Singula foemineis neutris pluralia gaudent Q. What is the meaning of that rule A. These two words Pergamus and supellex are the Feminine Gender in the Singular Number the Neuter in the Plurall as Haec Pergamus pergami In the Plurall Haec pergama horum pergamorum so haec supellex Plur. haec supellectilia Q. Giue your rules for Neuters Singular Masculines Neuters Plurall A. Dat prior his numerus c. Q. What is the meaning of that rule A. These foure words Rastrum fraenum filum and Capistrum are of the Neuter Gender in the Singular Number Masculine and Neuter in the Plurall as hoc Rastrum Plural hi rastri vel haec rastra c. Q. Where is the rule for Neuters singular which are Masculines onely in the Plurall A. Sed audi Mascula duntaxit coelos c. Q. Giue the meaning of that rule A. Coelum and Argos are the Neuter Gender in the singular Number and the Masculine onely in the Plurall as Hoc coelum Plural hi coeli tantùm so hoc Argos Plural hi Argi. Q. Where is the rule for Neuters singular Feminines Plurall A. Nundinum hinc Epulum c. Q. What is the meaning A. That these three Nundinum epulum balneum are Neuters in the singular Number and Feminines onelie in the Plurall Q. Are none of these the Neuter Gender in the Plurall Number A. The Poet Iuuenal hath Balnea in the Plurall Number Q. Giue mee the rule for Masculines singular Neuters Plurall A. Haec maribus dantur c. Q. What is the meaning of that A. These eight wordes are Masculines singular Neuters Plurall to wit Maenalus Dyndimus Ismarus Tartarus Taygetus Taenarus Massicus Gargarus Q. Where is the rule of Masculines singular Masculines and Neuters Plurall A. At numerus genus his dabit c. Q. Giue the meaning A. These foure words Sibilus iocus locus Auernus are of the Masculine Gender in the Singular Number Masculine and Neuter in the Plurall Defectiues Q. WHere begin your rules for the Heteroclits called Defectiues A. Quae sequitur manca c. Q. What is the meaning of that rule A. All these sorts of Nounes following are lame or defectiue in Number or in Case Q. Rehearse the seuerall sorts of Defectiues as they are sette downe in your Booke before the rules or in the margents A. Aptots Monoptots Diptots Triptots Nounes wanting the Vocatiue case Propers wanting the Plurall Number Neuters singular wanting certaine cases in the Plurall Appellatiues Masculines wanting the Plurall Feminines wanting the Plurall Neuters wanting the Plurall Masculines wanting the Singular Feminines wanting the Singular Neuters wanting the Singular Aptots Q. WHich are those which you call Aptots A. Such as haue no seuerall case but are alike in all cases Q. Where is the rule of them A. Quae nullum variant casum c. Q. What is the meaning of that rule A. These words haue no case are therefore called Aptots As Fas nil nihil instar so many ending in u and in i. In u as Cornu genu In i as Gummi frugi So also Tempe tot quot and all numbers from three to a hundred Q. Haue these no number A. Yes Fas nil nihil instar cornu genu gummi are of the Singular Number vndeclined Frugi both Singular and Plurall vndeclined Tempe of the Plurall vndeclined Tot quot all numbers from three to a hundred as Quatuor quinque c. are the Plurall number vndeclined Q. Are none of these declined in either Number A. Yes Cornu and Genu with others ending in u are declined wholly in the Plurall Number Q. How decline you Fas the rest of the Singular nuÌ„ber A. Sing Hoc Fas inuariabile Q. How decline you
words in u as Cornu A. Hoc cornu inuariabile in Singulari Plural Haec cornua horum cornuum his cornibus c. Q. Decline Tempe A. Singul. and Plural Tempe inuariabile Q. How decline you Tot those of the Plu. Number A. Plur. Tot inuariabile or Hi hae haec Tot inuari so Hi hae haec quatuor inuar c. Monoptots Q. WHich call you Monoptots A. Such words as are found onely in one oblique case Q. What meane you by an oblique case A. Any besides the Nominatiue and the Vocatiue Q. Giue your rule for Monoptots A. Est que Monoptoton c. Q. What is the meaning of it A. These words Noctu natu iussu iniussu astu promptu permissu are of the Ablatiue case Singular Astus is read also in the Plurall Number Inficias is found onely in the Accusatiue case Plurall Q. Decline Noctu A. Ablat Noctu so the rest Q. Decline Inficias A. Accus has inficias Diptots Q. WHat words doe you call Diptots A. Such as haue but two cases Q. Giue the Rule A. Sunt Diptota quibus c. Q. Giue the meaning of the Rule A. These words haue but onely two cases in the singular number fo rs forte spontis sponte plus pluris iugeris iugere verberis verbere tantundem tantidem impetis impete vicem vice These haue two in the Plurall number repetundarum repetundis suppetiae suppetias Q. Haue none of those words of the Singular number all the cases of the Plurall number A. Yes these foure verberis vicem plus and iugere Q. Giue the rule for them A. Verberis atque vicem sic plus c. Triptots Q. WHat words doe you call Triptots A. Such as haue but three cases in the Singular number Q. Giue the Rule A. Tres quibus inflectis c. Q. What is the meaning of that rule A. These two words precis and opis haue but three in the singular number as precis precem prece opis opem ope frugis and ditionis want onely the Nominatiue and Vocatiue and vis commonly wanteth the Datiue but they all haue the Plurall number whole Q. Giue your Rule for those vvhich want the Vocatiue case A. Quae referunt vt qui c. Q. What is the meaning of that Rule A. All Relatiues Interrogatiues Distributiues Indefinits and all Pronounes besides tu meus noster and nostras doe lack the Vocatiue case Q. Giue your Rules of Proper Names wanting the Plurall Number A. Propria cunctanotes quibus c. Q. What is the meaning of that Rule A. This shortly All proper names names of graine or corne weights hearbs moist things metalls doe naturally and commonly want the Plurall number Q. But may not proper names sometimes haue the Plurall number A. Yes but not properly that is not when they are taken for proper names but when they are taken for Appellatiues or common Nounes Or when there are moe of the same name Q. Shew me how by example A. As when Catones are taken for wise men such as Cato was Decij put for valiant men such as Decius was Maecenates put for worthy Noble men such as Maecenas was then they are in the Plurall number Or as sundry called Decius Q. Giue the rule for this exception A. Est vbi pluralem retinent c. Q. What is the meaning of that A. These sometimes haue the Plurall Number somtimes they want it Q. Giue your rule of Neuters singular wanting certaine cases in the Plurall A. Ordea farra forum c. Q. What is the meaning of that rule A. These Neuters Hordeum far forum mel mulsum defrutum thus haue onely three cases that is the Nominatiue Accusatiue and Vocatiue in the Plurall Number Q. Decline Hordeum A. Sing Nom. hoc hordeum Gen. huius hordei Plur. Nom. haec hordea Accus hordea Voc. hordea Q. Giue your rule of Appellatiues Masculines wanting the Plurall Number A. Hesperus vesper c. Q. What is the meaning of it A. These Masculines Hesperus vesper pontus limus fimus penus sanguis aether nemo which is of the common of two Genders doe want the Plurall Number * Q. Hath Nemo all the cases in the Singular Number A. It is seldome read in the Genitiue or Vocatiue according to that rule of Despauterius Nemo caret Genito quinto numeróque secundo Nemo wants the Genitiue and Vocatiue Singular and the Plurall Number Q. Giue your Rule of Feminines vvanting the Plurall Number A. Singula Foeminei generis c. Q. Giue the meaning of that rule A. These Feminines do coÌ„monly want the Plural Number Pubes salus talio indoles tussis pix humus lues suis fuga quies cholera fames bilis senecta iuuentus But Sobâ—les labes haue the Nominatiue Accusatiue and Vocatiue in the Plurall Number and so haue all Nounes of the fift Declension except res species facies acies and dies which haue all the Plurall Number Q. Are there no other Feminines wanting the Plurall Number A. Yes names of vertues and vices doe commonly want the Plurall Number as Stultitia inuidia sapientia desidia and many other words like Q. Giue your Rule of Neuters wanting the Plurall A. Nec licet his Neutris c. Q. What is the meaning of it A. These Neuters want the Plurall Number Delicium senium laethum coenum salum barathrum virus vitrum viscum penum iustitium nihilum ver lac gluten halec gelu solium iubar Q. Giue me your Rules of Masculines vvanting the Singular Number A. Mascula sunt tautùm c. Q. Giue the meaning of it A. These Masculines do want the Singular Number Manes maiores cancelli liberi antes menses being taken for an issue of blood lemures fasti minores natales penates vvith certaine proper names of places of the Plurall Number as Gabij Locri and the like Q. Giue your rule for Feminines wanting the Singular Number A. Haec sunt foeminei generis c. Q. Giue the meaning of it A. These Feminineâ— want the Singular Number Exuviae phalerae and so the rest So plaga signifying nets vvith valuae diuitiae nuptiae lactes and names of Cities which are of the Feminine Gender and Plurall Number as Theba Athenae and the like Q. Giue your Rule for Neuters wanting the Singular A. Rarius haec primo c. Q. Giue the meaning of the Rule A. These Neuters vvant the Singular Number Moenia tesqua praecordia lustra arma mapalia bellaria munia castra iusta sponsalia râ—stra crepundia cunabula exta effata also the feasts of the heathenish Gods as Bacchanalia and the like Heteroclits called Redundantia Q. GIue your Rules for those words which redound or which haue more in declining then Nounes haue commonly A. Haec quasi luxuriant c. Q. How many rules haue you of them A. Fiue First of such words as are of diuers terminations declining and Genders Secondly
such as haue two Accusatiue cases Thirdly such as haue diuerse terminations and some of them diuerse declinings in the same sense and Gender Fourthly such as are of the fourth and second declension Fiftly Adiectiues of diuers terminations and declining Q. Where is your rule for those which are of diuers Terminations Declining and Gender A. Haec quasi luxuriant c. Q. Giue the meaning of that rule A. These Substantiues haue diuers Terminations Decliclining and Genders as hic tonitrus hoc tonitru hic clypeus hoc â—lypeum hic baculus hoc baculum hic sensus hoc sensum hic tignus hoc tignum hoc tapetum ti hoc tapete tis and hic tapes êtis hic punctus hoc punctum hoc sinapi inuariabile hac sinapis hic sinus hoc sinum haeâ—menda hoc mendum hic viscus hoc viscum hoc cornu inuariabile hoc cornum and hic cornus hic euentus hoc euentum and many other like vnto them Q. Giue your rule for those vvhich haue two Accusatiue cases A. Sed tibi praeterea c. Q. Giue the meaning of that rule A. Certaine Greeke wordes vvhen they are made Latine words haue two Accusatiue cases one of the Latine an other of the Greeke as Hic panther êris Accus hunc pantherem vel panthera so crater is Accus hunc craterem vel cratera cassis idis Accus hanc cassidem vel cassida aether aetherem vel aethera Q. May not other Substantiues bee made of the Greeke Accusatiue case A. Yes as of panthera may bee made hac panthera pantherae Q. Where is your rule for those which haue diuers terminations in the Nominatiue case in the same sense and Gender A. Vertitur his rectus sensus c. Q. Giue the meaning of the rule A. These words haue diuers Nominatiue cases some of them sundry declinings keeping the same sense and Gender as Hic Gibbus bi and gibber eris hic cucumis vel cucumer cucumeris haec stipis stipis and haec stips is hic vel haec cinis cineris and ciner cineris hic vomis vel vomer vomeris haec scobis vel scobsis hic vel haec puluis vel puluer eris hic haec puber vel pubes eris Q. VVhat other vvordes haue you belonging to this Rule A. Words ending in or and in os as Hic honor and honos ôris hoc ador and ados adôris so haec apes and apis is haec plebs and plebis is Q. Are there not other Nounes also belonging to this Rule A. Yes many comming of Greek wordes as hic Delphin nis and delphinus i hic elephas tis and elephantus ti hic congrus vel conger i hic Meleagrus vel Meleager i hic Teucrus and Teucer i so many other like Q. Giue your rule for those that change their Declension A. Haec simul quarti c. Q. What is the meaning of that rule A. These Nounes are of the second and fourth Declension as laurus quercus pinus ficus colus penus cornus when it signifieth a Doggetree lacus and domus Q. Decline Laurus A. Haec laurus Gen. lauri vel laurus c. so the rest Q. Where is your Rule for Adiectiues of diuers declinings and endings A. Et quae luxuriant sunt c. Q. What is the meaning of that rule A. There are certain Adiectiues which haue two manner of endings and declinings and especially those which come of these words arma iugum neruus somnus clinus animus limus fraenum cera bacillum How doe these end A. Both in us and in is as inermus and inermis comming of arma Q. How are these declined A. Ending in us they are declined like bonus in is like tristis as inermus a um and hic haec inermis hoc inerme THE POSING OF THE Rules of the Verbes called As in praesenti Q. WHat are the Rules of Verbes for A. For the Preterperfect tenses and Supines of Verbes Q. In what order are those rules of the Verbes placed A. First for the common Preterperfect tenses of simple Verbes ending in o. Secondly for the Preterperfect tenses of compound Verbes Thirdly for the Supines of simple Verbes Fourthly for the Supines of compound Verbes Fiftly For the Preterperfect tenses of Verbes in or Sixtly for Verbes hauing two Preterperfect tenses Seauenthly for the preterperfect tenses of Verbes Neuter Passiues Eightthly for Verbes borrowing their Preterperfect tense Ninthly for Verbes wanting their Preterperfect tense Tenthly for Verbes lacking their Supines Q. For the Preterperfect tenses of simple Verbes ending in o what order is kept A. According to the order of the foure Coniugations First for Verbes of the first Coniugation like Amo. Secondly for Verbes of the second Coniugation like Doceo Thirdly for Verbes of the Third Coniugation like Lego Fourthly for Verbes of the fourth Coniugation like Audio Of the common Preterperfect tense of simple Verbes of the first Coniugation Q. GIue your Rule for all simple Verbes ending in o of the first Coniugation like Amo. A. As in praesenti perfâ—ctuâ— c. Q. What is the meaning of that Rule A. That Verbes of the first Coniugation hauing as in the Present tense as Amo amas will haue aui in the Preterperfect tense like amani as Nonas naui except lauo lauas which makes laui not lauaui so iuuo iuui and nexo seco neco mico plico frico domo tono sono crepo veto cubo which make üi as nexo as üi Also do das which makes dedi and sto stas steti The second Coniugation Q. WHere is your Rule for Verbes of the second Coniugation like Doceo A. Es in praesenti perfectum c. Q. Giue the meaning of that rule A. Verbs of the second Coniugation hauing es in the Present tense like doceo doces will haue üi in the Preterperfect tense like docui as Nigrâ—o nigres nigrui Q. Haue you no exceptions from this rule A. Yes my book seemes to make six Q. What is the first A. Iubeo excipe iussi c. Q. Giue the meaning of it A. These Verbs are first excepted Iubeo which makes iussi not iubui sorbeo hauing sorbui and sorpsi â—â—ulceomulsi luceo luxi sedeo sedi video vidi prandeo praâ—di strideo stridi Q. What is the second exception A. Quatuor his infrà c. Q. Giue the meaning of that rule A. That the first syllable of the preterperfect tense is doubled in these foure Verbes Pendeo making pependi mordâ—â— mâ—mordi spondeo spospondi tondeo totondi Q. What is the third exception A. L velr ante geo si stet c. Q. What is the meaning of that Rule A. If l or r be set before geo geo must be turned into si in the Preterperfect tense as vrgeo vrsi mulgeo mulsi and mulxi These ending in geo make xi as Frigeo frixi
lugeo luxi augeo auxi Q. What is the fourth exception A. Dat fleo fles fleui c. Q. What is the meaning of it A. These Verbes in leo make vi in the Preterperfect as Fleo fleui Leo leui and the compounds of Leo as deleo deleui so pleo pleui and neo neui Q. What is the fift exception A. A maneo mansi c. Q. Giue the meaning A. Maneo makes mansi so torqueo torsi and haereo haesâ— Q. What is the last exception A. Veo fit vi c. Q. Giue the meaning of it A. Verbes ending in Veo make vi as ferueo ferui except niueo and conniueo comming of it which make both niui nixi To which may be ioyned cieo making ciui vieo vieui The third Coniugation Q. WHere begin your rules for Verbs of the thiâ—d Coniugation like Lego A. Tertia praeteritum formabit c. Q. Haue these any common ending of the Preterperfect tense as the Verbs of the first and second Coniugation haue A. No but so many seueral terminations as they haue of their Present tense so many kindes of Preterperfect tenses haue they Q. What is then the meaning of that rule Tertia prateritum c. A. That Verbs of the third Coniugation forme their Preterperfect tense according to the termination of the Present tense as in the rules following Q. How can you know the right Preterperfect tense and rule by those Rules A. I must marke how the Verbe ends whether in bo co do or any of the rest according to the order of the letters and as they stand in my booke and so shall I finde my rule Q. If your Verbe end in bo in the Present tense how doth it make the Preterperfect tense A. By changing bo into bi as Lambo lambi except scribo which makes scripsi nubo nupsi and cumbo cubüi Giue the rule A. Bo fit bi vt Lambo bi c. Q. Tell mee shortly the meaning of euery of those rules in order 1. What is 〈◊〉 turned into A. Co is turned into ci as vinco vici except parco which makes both peperci and parsi dico dixi and duco duxi Q. What is do made in the Preterperfect tense A. Di as mando mandi But findo makes fidi fundo fudi tundo tutudi pendo pependi tendo tetendi pedo pepedi so cado cecidi and caedo to beate cecîdi Cedo to giue place makes cessi so all these Verbes vado rado laedo ludo diuido trudo claudo plaudo rodo make their Preterperfect tense in si not in di as vado vasi c. Q. What is go made in the Preterperfect tense A. Go is made xi as iuâ—go iunxi except r be set before go for then it is turned into si as spargo sparsi But these Verbes ending in go make gi as lego legi ago egi tango tetigi pungo punxi and pupugi pango when it signifieth to make a couenant will haue pepegi but when it signifieth to ioyne it will haue pegi and when it signifieth to sing it will haue pauxi Q. What is ho made A. Ho is made xi as traho traxi and veho vexi Q. What is Lo made A. Lo is made üi as colo colüi but psallo with p and sallo without p doe both make li not üi 〈◊〉 psallo psalli Also vello makes velli and vulsi fallo fefelli cellâ— signifying to breake ceculi and pello pepuli Q. What is mo made A. üi as vomo vomui But emo makes emi And como promo demo sumo premo make si as como compsi c. Q. What is no made in the Preterperfect tense A. Vi as Sino siui except temno which makes tempsi sterno straui sperno spreui lino which makes leui somtimes lini and liui cerno making crevi gigno makes genui pono posui cano cecini Q. What is po made A. Psi as Scalpo scalpsi except rumpo which makes rupi strepo strepui and crepo crepui Q. What is quo turned into A. Qui as Linquo liqui except coquo that makes coxi Q. What is ro made A. Vi as Sero to plant or to sowe seui but in other significations it makes serüi verro makes verri and versi vro ussi gero gessi quaero quesiui tero trini curro cucurri What is so made A. Vi as Accerso accersiui so arcesso incesso lacesso but capesso makes capessi and capessiui facesso facessi viso visi and pinso pinsüi Q. What is sco made A. Vi as Pasco paui but posco makes poposci disco didici quinisco quexi Q. What is to made A. Ti as Verto verti but sisto signifying to make to stand will haue stui so sterto hath stertui meto messui Words ending in ecto will haue exi as Flecto flexi but pecto makes pexui and pexi and necto nexui and nexi Mitto makes misi peto hath petij and petiui Q. What is Vo made A. Vi as Voluo volui but viuo makes vixi nexo hath nexui and texo texui Q. What is cio made A. Ci as Faecio feci iâ—cio ieci but the old word lâ—cio makes lexi and specio spexi Q. What is dâ—o made A. Di as Fâ—dio fâ—di Q. What is gio made A. Gi as Fugio fugi Q. What is pio made A. Pi as capio cepi but cupio makes cupiâ—â— rapio makes rapüi sapiâ— sapüi and sapiui Q. What is rio made A. Ri as Pario peperi Q. What is tio made A. Tio is made ssi with a double ss as Quatio quassi Q. What is üo made A. üi as statuo statui but pluo makes pluvi and plüi struo makes struxi and fluo fluxi The fourth Conjugation Q. WHere is your Rule for words of the fourth Conjugation like Audio A. Quarta dat is ivi c. Q. What is the meaning of that Rule A. All Verbs of the fourth Coniugation make their Preterperfect tenses in ivi as scio scis sciui Except venio which makes veni so cambio raucio farcio sartio sepio sentio fulciâ— haurio which make si sauxio makes sauxi and vincio vinxi salto hath salüi and amicio amicüi Q. Doe these neuer make their Preterperfect tense in ivi A. Yes sometimes though more seldome by the rule Parciù vtemur cambiuâ— c. Of the Preterperfect tenses of Compound Verbes Q. WHere is your Rule for the Preterperfect tensâ—â— of Compound Verbes A. Praetoritum dat idem c. Q. What is the meaning of that rule A. That the Compound Verbe hath the same Preterperfect tense with his simple Verbe As Dâ—ceo docüi edoceâ— edocüi Q. Are there no exceptions from this rule A. Yes diuerse Q. Which is the first exception A. Sed syllaba semper c. Q. What is the meaning of that exception A. That the
terminations are either of words comming from the Greek or of other strange tongues as am in the first Declension is a termination of the Hebrew as es e of the Greeke ☜ a Adjectiues ending in us er or ur are declined like bonus except vetus veteris ending in us and those in er which may end also in is as Campâ—ster his fellowes with cicur cicuris in ur and these following which are declined like unus b These words are also amoÌ„g the ancient Writers declined like bonus in the Gene. Dat. as ulli alters for ullius alterius a Some Substantiues are compared but only by abuse not properly as also some Pronouns No words are coÌ„pared properly but Adjectiues Aduerbs coÌ„ming of them Participles when they are chaÌ„ged into Adjectiues and some Prepositions changed into Aduerbs may be compared therevpon a The Positiue is improperly called a degree of Comparison ☜ b All other irregular comparisons may be much better shewed the schollars out of the Latine rules as they shall haue vse of them then heeâ—e to trouble them or the bookes with them b All other irregular comparisons may be much better shewed the schollars out of the Latine rules as they shall haue vse of them then heeâ—e to trouble them or the bookes with them c Paruissimus multissimus egregijsimus pijssimus and the like are old words out of vse d â—hus must also celebrâ—â— salubris acris alacris haue the Superlatiues because they haue the NoÌ„ also in r as celeber salubâ—r saluberrimus e These six are in prose most truly written with a single l iâ— into limus they are in verse with a double ll for the verse sake b Pronounes supply the place of Nounes and haue for most part the nature of nouns c â—here are but 15. Pronounes properly the rest are compounded of them or added to them d Sundry other Pronounes are found in old Writers as an am for eam em im for eum hibus for his med ted mis t is campse quoi ibus c. These the like are to be known and not vsed (e) Qui is added to the Pronounes because it is vsed in rehearsing something and it is declined much like words of the second Declension of the Pronounes Qui of some GraÌ„marians is taken for a Noune These follow alter * Haec is oftentimes vsed for hae in old Writers a Note when Quis is compounded it makes qua for quae both in the Feminine singular Neuter pâ—urall as â—â—qua nequa not nequae so aliqâ—is numquis Ecquis makes both â—â—quae â—â—qua b Meus for mâ— in the Vocat is by Antiptosis as Virg. Troâ—ce â—ela manu saâ—â—uis mâ—us c Of Gens a Nation c Of Gens a Nation Arpinas of Arpinum and Rauennas of Rauenna are so declined a Persons belong to NouÌ„es Verbs Participles by reason of som Person of the Pronoune ioined to them expressed or vnderstood not properly For other questions see the Latine Pronoune a This is ment of perfect Verbes That Aue faxo quaeso c. are not declined with Mood TeÌ„se it is in regard of vse not the nature of the words a Few Verbes CoÌ„mons are now in vse viz. signifying Passiuely as well as Actiuely except Criminor Frustror Osculor some other althogh many Participles of the Preter tense of Verbes Deponents may be found signifying Passiuely as Complexus Meditatus Interpretatus Comitatus c. Or a Moode is the manner of speech vsed in signifying the doing suffering or being of any thing a All Verbs Personalls which are perfect regular haue Gerunds and Supines except onely Passiues and such are excepted and noted to want their Supines Impersonalls haue none b Gerunds are named of Gerendo because they signifie the manner of dooing something Supines as Melancthon thinketh of Supinus because they haue no case before them c Some decline these Gen. Amandi Accusat Amandum Abla Amando But I take it better to decline them onely as they are declined in the Verbe a It hath the signification of a Verb Passiue when it comes of a Verbe signifying Passiuely or wheÌ„ it hath iri the Infinitiue Moode of itur ioyned with it b The Tense signifieth the time wherein any Person is said to doe or suffer any thing c A Noune may signifie time as a day c. but not the doing suffering or beeing of a thing in time as a Verbe doth d There are properly but three senses or times The time past present to com Our booke diuides the Pretertense or time past into three viz. Preterimperfect tense not perfectly past Preterperfect tense perfectly past Preterpluperfect tense more then perfectly past b The principall signes of the Actiue are Doe did haue had shall or will a A Coniugation is a fit varying of verbs by their finall terminations in both Numbers and in euery person in each Moode and Tense * Do and certaine compounds of it are excepted as circundo pessundo secundo which make a short as damus circundamus as is in the Latine Prosodia ☜ a Declining a Verbe is the rehearsing of the first second Person of the Present tense with the first Person of the Preterperfect tense of the Indicatiue Moode the Present tense of the Infinitiue moode the Gerunds Supines Parciciples belonging to that Verbe and voice b Forming or conjugating a Verbe is the breaking or varyâ—ng the first word of the Verb into sundry other words coming of it by Persons Tenses Moodes * Illi polliciti sese facturum omnia Est quod speremus deos bonis benefacturum Make these terminations exceeding perfect all the rest will bee soon gotten easily kept by oft repeating these ouer thus (b) At Sed 〈◊〉 vt totum * Aâ—dibant leniâ—ant scibarâ— saeâ—tham and the like are by the figure Syâ—cope b So they make the oblique cases of the Participle of the Present tense as of Ienâ— the Genitiue is euntis so eunti c. b There are two of the Actiue voice as the Participle of the Present and the Fut. in rus two of the Passiue that is the Participle of the Pretertense and Future in â—us c For forming â—articiples of Verbs 〈…〉 d These Participles 〈…〉 are formed irregularly Stockwood * Dolendus and carendus are out of rule Erratus excursus percursus are taken to come of Verbs Impersonals of the Passiue voyce so regnatus triumphatus or abusiuely Scilicet q. scire licet v er Pol by Pollux Aedepol by the Temple of Pollux Me dius fidius as Fidus the son of Iupiter and God of faithfulnesse loue me like Me Hercule as Hercules shall helpe me Sodes q. si audes Aduerbs coÌ„ming of NouÌ„s which are coÌ„pared irregularly do follow their manner of comparing as of Bonus Melior optimus is Benè meliùs opâ—imè b Neuter Adjectiues â—re oft put for Aduerbs as recens pro râ—center toruum for tâ—ruè
increase properly but by changing and resoluing the dipthong a into aÌ„i after the old maner b This not increasing is meant of the Genit singular only not Plurall c Some few are excepted as Charta Margarita Cataracta Catapulta which are of the feminine Stockwood (d) Anus for an old woman is sometimes found to make anuis in the Genitiue case singular as if it were of the third declension after the old manner (e) Iusiurandum doth not increase properly that is in the last word and last syllable but onely in the first wherewith it is coÌ„pounded So dos dotis coscotis res rei spes spei Dote sero in Plaut seemeth to be false printed fero for fèra or ferè So of As Sextans of As Quadrans of As Triens of As Quincunx vucia As. Septunx vucia As. Deunx vucia As. Dextans vucia As. (a) Cupido for a greedy desire is sometimes vsed in the Masculine Gender as Auâ—i coeâ—us cupido so when there is allusion to Cupid (b) Mulier may better be referred to this rule because it commonly increaseth shoâ—t may be ioyned to the end of the rule thus Et malier namque hac melius 〈…〉 locatur (c) Iter makes itiâ—â—riâ— in the Genitiue of an old word itiner Spinther a tache or clasp may be referred hither being of the Neuter (d) Homo and nemo are sometimes found in the feminine Gender as Scioneminem peperisse hic Quia homo nata erat Cicero Nec vox hominem sonat ô Deacertè Virg. * Diues opus sospes depositum pauperis tugurij ubere solo c. a Hoc PergamoÌ„ is a Greeke word Pergamum is found in Plautus in the Neuter Stockw a Frit the light corne in the toppe of the eare Git the herbe Nigella Romana Tax a yerk or sound of a lash or of a whip are also Aptots b Ponâ—o is vsed both in the Singular and Plurall c Tempe is the Neuter Gender Plurall number of the first Declension of the Contracts in Greeke as Teichea Teiche so it makes â— long in the rule Sic Tempe tot quot c. as Thessala Temâ—e d Ambo and duo are found to be of all Genders and Cases vndeclined as duo in Greeke This is the vsuall manner a Noctu is found of the feminine GeÌ„der for nocte a Terence hath preci in the Datiue Nihil est preci loci relictum Vis is seldome read in the Datiue * Hordea This rule is set for an exception from Propria cunctanotes * As Rete retis perduellus perduellis pecus udis and pecus oris and pecu inuariabile Fames is and ei artus uâ— and artu inuariab and artua â—um in the Plural Problema and problematum dogma schema thema Schema atis and schema aeâ— so pascha atis and pascha ae Iuger and iugerum i and Iuger is and iugeris is So Labium lâ—bia aeuus and aenum nasus and nasum collus and collum vterus and vterum Hic guttur and hoc guttur Vlysses is and Vlysseus Vlyssei by Synareâ—is vlyssei by contraction Vlyssi of Vlysseus of the third Declension of the contracts in Greek like Basileus So are Achilli Oronti Achati when they are vsed in the Genitiue case as they are oft as is manifest by the Adiectiues agreeing with them in the Genit (a) puerus eri puer eri nubes and nubis Haec pubesis Tumultus ornatus gemitus senatus are found also of the second Declension So anus us and anus anuis (a) Lano so the rest excepted may seem to haue been sometimes of the third CoÌ„iugation They make the Preterper tense very seldome in aui though sometime some of them are found so as necaui Plaut (b) Stridere feruere cauere are somtimes read as if of the third CoÌ„iugation Frigeo hath also friguit in the Preterperfect tense and so refriguit Memordi and spospondi are out of vse (a) Parciui is out of vse so sciscidi scindidi of scindo Tergeo sâ—geo are found for tergo and sugo Excello excellui Percello in Terence makes perculsit vnlesse it bee printed false or percussit of percutio Posiui for posui and occanui for occinui are out of vse a Thogh many coÌ„pounds of Do are of the third CoÌ„iugation yet the simple is now euer of the first b Credo ex cretum et do depango depegi and depanxi so repango b Olfacio of olere facio and calfacio of calere facio or calidum facio a In Verbes Deponents Commons which forme the Preterper tense after the ordinary maner as Passiues do we must faine later Supines to forme them of (b) Merior eris tuus sum mori Orior oriris vel oreris ortus sum oriri Of Parco are found parsum and parâ—itum but out of vse Excello and pracello compounds of cello do want the Supines The compounds of linguo haue the Supines as relictum thogh it be seldome read in the simple