proferentem_fw-la accipienda_fw-la sunt_fw-la bacon_n eliz._n f._n 11._o as_o if_o i_o demise_n omnes_fw-la boscos_fw-la meos_fw-la in_o villa_n de_fw-fr dale_n for_o year_n this_o pass_v the_o soil_n 14._o h._n 8.28_o h._n 8._o dyer_n 17._o and_o if_o i_o sow_v my_o land_n with_o corn_n and_o let_v it_o for_o for_o year_n the_o corn_n pass_v to_o my_o lessee_n and_o if_o i_o grant_v ten_o pound_n rend_v to_o baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr and_o if_o the_o baron_n die_v the_o feme_fw-fr shall_v have_v three_o pound_n rend_v because_o these_o word_n rest_v ambiguous_a whether_o i_o intend_v three_o pound_n by_o way_n of_o addition_n or_o three_o pound_n by_o way_n of_o deduction_n out_o of_o the_o rent_n of_o ten_o pound_n it_o shall_v be_v take_v strong_a against_o i_o that_o it_o be_v three_o pound_n addition_n to_o the_o ten_o pound_n of_o which_o more_o hereafter_o so_o coke_n fol._n 303._o b._n ambiguum_fw-la placitum_fw-la interpretari_fw-la debet_fw-la contra_fw-la proferentem_fw-la a_o ambiguous_a plea_n shall_v be_v take_v strong_a against_o the_o pleader_n for_o every_o one_o be_v presume_v to_o make_v the_o best_a of_o his_o own_o case_n and_o coke_n l._n 10._o f._n 50._o ambigua_fw-la responfio_fw-la contra_fw-la proferentem_fw-la est_fw-la accipienda_fw-la the_o bishop_n of_o sarum_n case_n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la in_o obscuris_fw-la secundum_fw-la magis_fw-la similius_fw-la est_fw-la judicandum_fw-la vel_fw-la quod_fw-la plerumque_fw-la inspici_fw-la solet_fw-la regula_n i._o c._n and_o coke_n l._n 4.13_o &_o 14._o sensus_fw-la verborum_fw-la ex_fw-la causa_fw-la dicendi_fw-la accipiendus_fw-la est_fw-la &_o sermon_n semper_fw-la accipiendi_fw-la secundum_fw-la subjectam_fw-la materiam_fw-la in_o obscure_a and_o dark_a say_n we_o be_v to_o judge_v according_a to_o that_o which_o be_v most_o likely_a and_o which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v and_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o word_n be_v to_o be_v collect_v from_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o speech_n and_o to_o be_v take_v according_a to_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o matter_n which_o rule_n seem_v to_o qualify_v and_o moderate_v the_o other_o two_o vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la s._n cromwell_n case_n as_o first_o in_o word_n the_o plaintiff_n bring_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n for_o call_v of_o he_o murderer_n to_o which_o the_o defendant_n say_v that_o as_o he_o be_v speak_v with_o the_o plaintiff_n concern_v unlawful_a hunt_v the_o plaintiff_n confess_v that_o he_o have_v kill_v diverse_a hare_n with_o engine_n to_o which_o the_o defendant_n answer_v that_o he_o be_v a_o murderer_n innuendo_fw-la a_o murderer_n of_o hare_n and_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o justification_n be_v good_a for_o upon_o a_o action_n of_o slander_n the_o likely_a sense_n of_o word_n be_v to_o be_v take_v and_o collect_v out_o of_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o speech_n coke_n ibidem_fw-la and_o so_o in_o deed_n as_o if_o i_o have_v a_o free_a warren_n in_o my_o land_n and_o let_v my_o land_n for_o life_n not_o mention_v the_o warren_n yet_o the_o lessee_n by_o implication_n shall_v have_v the_o warren_n 32._o h._n 6._o which_o be_v the_o more_o likely_a meaning_n for_o otherwise_o the_o lessor_n will_v have_v except_v the_o warren_n vnivocum_fw-la denote_v word_n of_o a_o certain_a and_o distinct_a signification_n and_o express_v the_o thing_n clear_o without_o any_o obscurity_n or_o ambiguity_n of_o which_o the_o law_n take_v especial_a notice_n for_o that_o certainty_n in_o all_o contract_n and_o conveyance_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o quiet_a and_o setlement_n of_o estate_n but_o incertainty_n be_v the_o author_n of_o variance_n and_o dissension_n from_o whence_o we_o have_v these_o notable_a ground_n and_o maxim_n miserable_fw-la est_fw-la servitus_fw-la ubi_fw-la jus_o est_fw-la vagum_fw-la coke_n l._n 5._o f._n 42._o a._n god_n forbid_v that_o the_o inheritance_n of_o man_n shall_v depend_v upon_o incertaine_v and_o it_o be_v a_o miserable_a servitude_n where_o the_o law_n be_v waver_v and_o therefore_o ployd_v f._n 28._o a._n in_o every_o commonwealth_n it_o be_v necessary_a and_o requisite_a that_o thing_n shall_v be_v certain_o convey_v for_o certainty_n engender_v repose_v and_o incertainty_n contention_n the_o occasion_n of_o which_o contention_n our_o law_n foresee_v have_v prevent_v and_o therefore_o ordain_v that_o certain_a ceremony_n shall_v be_v use_v in_o the_o transmutation_n of_o thing_n from_o one_o man_n to_o another_o and_o namely_o of_o frank-tenement_n which_o be_v of_o great_a estimation_n in_o our_o law_n to_o know_v the_o certain_a time_n when_o thing_n do_v pass_v and_o therefore_o in_o every_o feoffment_n the_o law_n ordein_v that_o livery_n and_o seisin_n shall_v be_v make_v and_o in_o every_o grant_n of_o a_o reversion_n or_o rent_n that_o attornement_n shall_v be_v make_v which_o be_v point_n certain_a contain_v time_n wherefore_o it_o be_v well_o observe_v by_o sir_n edward_n coke_n in_o his_o preface_n to_o the_o second_o part_n of_o his_o report_n that_o in_o all_o his_o time_n there_o have_v not_o be_v move_v in_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n of_o england_n two_o question_n touch_v the_o right_n of_o descent_n escheat_n or_o the_o like_a fundamental_a point_n of_o the_o common-law_n so_o certain_a sure_a and_o without_o question_n be_v the_o principle_n and_o ground_n thereof_o that_o as_o sir_n john_n davis_n in_o his_o preface_n there_o be_v no_o art_n nor_o science_n which_o stand_v upon_o discourse_n and_o reason_n which_o have_v her_o rule_n and_o maxim_n so_o certain_a and_o infallible_a and_o so_o little_a subject_n to_o diverse_a interpretation_n as_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n whence_o sir_n edw._n coke_n be_v bold_a to_o pronounce_v that_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n be_v not_o incertain_a in_o the_o abstract_n but_o in_o the_o concrete_a and_o that_o the_o incertainty_n thereof_o be_v hominis_fw-la vitium_fw-la non_fw-la professionis_fw-la the_o imperfection_n of_o man_n and_o not_o of_o the_o profession_n and_o lib._n 6._o f._n 43._o a._n in_o particular_a blame_v he_o the_o subtle_a invention_n imagination_n of_o man_n in_o the_o practice_n of_o use_n which_o have_v introduce_v many_o mischief_n &_o inconvenience_n contrary_a to_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n which_o have_v certain_a rule_n to_o direct_v the_o estate_n and_o inheritance_n of_o man_n and_o therefore_o be_v it_o without_o comparison_n better_a to_o have_v estate_n and_o inheritance_n direct_v by_o the_o certain_a rule_n of_o the_o common_a law_n which_o harh_n be_v the_o ancient_a true_a and_o faithful_a servant_n to_o this_o commonwealth_n then_o by_o incertain_a imagination_n and_o conjecture_n of_o any_o of_o those_o new_a inventor_n of_o use_n without_o any_o approve_a ground_n of_o law_n or_o reason_n coke_n l._n 6._o f._n 43._o a._n and_o therefore_o in_o all_o case_n law_n and_o equity_n will_v that_o incertainty_n be_v avoid_v as_o the_o author_n of_o contention_n and_o that_o there_o be_v a_o end_n of_o all_o controversy_n according_a to_o equity_n and_o right_n which_o be_v the_o final_a intention_n of_o all_o law_n coke_n l._n 8._o 53._o and_o coke_n l._n 1._o f._n 85._o a._n the_o judge_n ought_v to_o know_v the_o intention_n of_o the_o party_n by_o certain_a and_o sensible_a word_n which_o be_v agreeable_a and_o consonant_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o law_n as_o if_o land_n be_v give_v by_o deed_n to_o two_o to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v to_o they_o and_o haeredibus_fw-la it_o be_v void_a for_o the_o insensibility_n and_o incertainty_n and_o though_o it_o have_v a_o clause_n of_o warranty_n to_o they_o and_o their_o heir_n that_o shall_v not_o make_v the_o first_o word_n which_o be_v incertain_a and_o insensible_a to_o be_v of_o force_n and_o effect_n in_o law_n although_o his_o intent_n appear_v but_o his_o intent_n ought_v to_o be_v declare_v by_o word_n certain_a and_o consonant_a to_o law_n so_o coke_n comment_n f._n 20._o b._n if_o a_o man_n let_v land_n to_o a._n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o b._n in_o tail_n the_o remainder_n to_o c._n in_o forma_fw-la praedicta_fw-la the_o remainder_n be_v void_a for_o the_o incertainty_n and_o therefore_o ployd_v f._n 272._o a._n give_v this_o ground_n that_o every_o contract_n sufficient_a to_o make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n aught_o to_o have_v certainty_n in_o three_o limitation_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o term_n in_o the_o continuance_n and_o in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o same_o all_o which_o ought_v to_o be_v know_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o lease_n and_o the_o lease_n that_o want_v they_o mr._n brown_n say_v be_v but_o bibble_n babble_n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la fuller_n case_n and_o coke_n l._n 6._o f._n 35._o the_o bishop_n of_o bath_n case_n ployd_v f._n 14._o a._n if_o i_o give_v all_o my_o money_n in_o my_o purse_n to_o i._o s._n he_o can_v have_v a_o action_n for_o it_o unless_o he_o allege_v the_o certainty_n of_o it_o so_o as_o without_o certainty_n the_o action_n be_v not_o maintainable_a according_a to_o
word_n contrary_a to_o the_o simple_a intent_n as_o tully_n say_v in_o his_o office_n be_v calumnia_fw-la quaedam_fw-la &_o ninis_fw-la callida_fw-la &_o malitiosa_fw-la juris_fw-la interpretatio_fw-la ex_fw-la quo_fw-la illud_fw-la summum_fw-la jus_o summa_fw-la injuria_fw-la a_o kind_n of_o a_o calumny_n and_o malicious_a interpretation_n of_o the_o law_n from_o whence_o that_o say_v proceed_v the_o rigour_n of_o right_n be_v the_o extremity_n of_o injury_n as_o he_o put_v the_o example_n of_o one_o have_v make_v a_o truce_n for_o 130._o day_n with_o his_o enemy_n and_o in_o the_o night_n he_o plunder_v and_o depopulate_v his_o possession_n because_o he_o say_v the_o truce_n be_v for_o day_n and_o not_o for_o the_o night_n which_o cicero_n account_v mere_a injury_n and_o injustice_n and_o admonish_v man_n to_o avoid_v the_o like_a interpretation_n of_o the_o law_n and_o to_o observe_v the_o intent_n of_o the_o word_n and_o certain_o word_n be_v but_o testimoniall_n of_o the_o intent_n and_o therefore_o ployd_v f._n 107._o b._n it_o be_v say_v it_o be_v the_o office_n of_o judge_n to_o take_v and_o expound_v the_o word_n as_o the_o common_a people_n do_v use_v they_o to_o express_v their_o intent_n according_a to_o their_o intent_n as_o a_o lease_n be_v make_v for_o life_n and_o that_o after_o his_o decease_n the_o tenement_n redibunt_fw-la to_o a_o stranger_n it_o shall_v be_v take_v as_o a_o remanebunt_fw-la because_o to_z that_o purpose_n it_o be_v there_o use_v and_o therefore_o by_o 18._o e._n 3._o f._n 28._o it_o shall_v be_v take_v by_o way_n of_o remainder_n so_o a_o lease_n for_o life_n the_o reversion_n to_o a_o stranger_n shall_v be_v take_v as_o a_o remainder_n for_o the_o reason_n abovesaid_a 30._o m._n 1._o ante_fw-la 157._o vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la in_o hill_n case_n and_o so_o ployd_v f._n 291._o a._n where_o a_o covenant_n can_v be_v perform_v according_a to_o the_o word_n it_o shall_v be_v perform_v according_a to_o the_o intent_n as_o near_o as_o may_v be_v as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o littleton_n where_o a_o man_n make_v a_o feoffment_n upon_o condition_n that_o the_o feoffee_n shall_v make_v a_o estate_n in_o special_a tail_n to_o the_o feoffor_a and_o his_o wife_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o their_o body_n if_o the_o baron_n die_v before_o the_o estate_n make_v the_o estate_n shall_v be_v make_v as_o near_o to_o the_o condition_n as_o may_v be_v to_o wit_n to_o the_o feme_fw-fr for_o life_n without_o impeachment_n of_o waist_n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o issue_n in_o tail_n according_a to_o the_o first_o limitation_n and_o if_o the_o feme_fw-fr be_v dead_a than_o the_o feoffee_n ought_v to_o give_v the_o land_n to_o the_o issue_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o body_n of_o his_o father_n and_o his_o mother_n engender_v if_o the_o word_n be_v perform_v and_o not_o the_o intent_n the_o agreement_n be_v not_o perform_v ployd_v f._n 291._o b._n according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n leges_fw-la non_fw-la ex_fw-la verbis_fw-la sed_fw-la ex_fw-la ment_fw-la sunt_fw-la intelligendae_fw-la law_n be_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v and_o construe_v by_o the_o word_n but_o by_o sense_n and_o meaning_n of_o the_o party_n as_o where_o the_o defendant_n be_v oblige_v upon_o condition_n that_o if_o his_o feoffee_n of_o his_o manor_n of_o w._n shall_v grant_v to_o the_o plaintiff_n a_o annual_a rent_n of_o forty_o shilling_n out_o of_o the_o say_a manor_n that_o then_o etc._n etc._n and_o he_o have_v three_o feoffee_n and_o two_o of_o they_o grant_v to_o the_o plaintiff_n the_o rent_n there_o the_o word_n of_o the_o condition_n be_v perform_v for_o the_o feoffee_n have_v grant_v the_o rent_n and_o yet_o he_o have_v not_o perform_v the_o condition_n for_o all_o the_o justice_n there_o hold_v that_o all_o the_o feoffee_n ought_v to_o have_v grant_v the_o rent_n and_o so_o it_o shall_v be_v sure_a for_o there_o the_o three_o may_v have_v the_o land_n by_o survivor_n and_o he_o may_v avoid_v the_o rent_n and_o also_o more_o than_o two_o part_n of_o the_o manor_n be_v not_o charge_v with_o the_o rent_n and_o so_o the_o intent_n be_v not_o perform_v though_o the_o word_n be_v m._n 22._o h._n 6._o f._n 10._o so_o if_o a_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o enfeoff_v i_o of_o the_o manor_n of_o d._n and_o he_o make_v a_o feoffment_n ro_o another_o of_o parcel_n of_o it_o and_o then_o enfeoff_v i_o of_o the_o manor_n he_o have_v perform_v the_o word_n but_o yet_o he_o have_v not_o perform_v the_o intent_n which_o be_v that_o i_o shall_v have_v have_v all_o the_o manor_n as_o it_o then_o be_v h._n 3._o h._n 7._o 4._o so_o a_o remainder_n be_v limit_v to_o b._n si_fw-mi ipse_fw-la vellet_fw-la inhabitare_a &_o residens_fw-la esse_fw-la if_o he_o will_v dwell_v and_o be_v resident_a on_o the_o land_n during_o the_o term_n there_o it_o be_v take_v that_o if_o he_o be_v resident_a one_o week_n during_o the_o term_n he_o have_v perform_v the_o word_n of_o the_o condition_n but_o not_o the_o intent_n for_o the_o intent_n be_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v resident_a all_o the_o term_n 4._o e._n 6._o ante_fw-la 23._o so_o a_o abbot_n be_v parson_n emparsonee_n of_o a_o time_n etc._n etc._n and_o he_o have_v annuity_n for_o the_o time_n of_o which_o no_o memory_n run_v in_o right_a of_o the_o parsonage_n and_o he_o as_o abbot_n without_o name_v himself_o parson_n bring_v a_o writ_n of_o annuity_n and_o count_v upon_o a_o prescription_n in_o he_o and_o his_o predecessor_n abbot_n and_o the_o prescription_n traverse_v and_o find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n there_o every_o word_n of_o the_o verdict_n be_v true_a and_o yet_o attaint_n lie_v against_o the_o jury_n because_o he_o bring_v the_o writ_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o abbey_n and_o so_o claim_v the_o annuity_n whereas_o he_o be_v not_o seize_v by_o that_o form_n but_o as_o parson_n and_o for_o that_o he_o do_v not_o claim_v as_o parson_n they_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v find_v the_o issue_n with_o he_o and_o so_o the_o word_n of_o the_o verdict_n and_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o verdict_n do_v not_o agree_v in_o one_o m._n 10._o e._n 4._o f._n 16._o ibidem_fw-la in_o chapman_n case_n it_o be_v not_o requisite_a always_o that_o the_o agreement_n shall_v be_v perform_v according_a to_o word_n because_o the_o intent_n be_v perform_v which_o be_v the_o principal_a point_n of_o the_o agreement_n ployd_v f._n 295._o a._n b_o as_o if_o a_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o pay_v a_o lesser_a sum_n upon_o a_o day_n certain_a if_o i_o pay_v the_o sum_n before_o the_o day_n the_o condition_n be_v perform_v h._n 10._o h._n 7._o 24._o so_o if_o the_o condition_n be_v in_o a_o mortgage_n that_o i_o pay_v the_o money_n at_o such_o a_o place_n if_o i_o shall_v pay_v it_o at_o another_o place_n and_o the_o mortgage_n accept_v of_o it_o it_o be_v well_o enough_o for_o the_o value_n be_v the_o effect_n so_o if_o a_o feoffment_n be_v make_v upon_o condition_n that_o if_o the_o feoffee_n do_v not_o pay_v the_o feoffor_a such_o a_o sum_n at_o such_o a_o day_n that_o then_o the_o feoffor_a shall_v enter_v if_o the_o feoffee_n before_o the_o day_n make_v a_o feoffment_n over_o and_o at_o the_o day_n do_v not_o pay_v the_o sum_n there_o the_o second_o feoffee_n at_o the_o day_n may_v tender_v and_o pay_v the_o sum_n though_o the_o agreement_n be_v no_o other_o but_o that_o the_o first_o feoffee_n shall_v pay_v the_o sum_n litt._n vide_fw-la ib._n plura_fw-la if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o feoffment_n on_o condition_n to_o enfeoff_v two_o in_o fee_n at_o such_o a_o time_n and_o before_o the_o time_n one_o die_v the_o feoffment_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o survivor_n and_o his_o heir_n only_o for_o the_o intent_n which_o appear_v in_o the_o condition_n ployd_v f._n 345._o 4._o h._n 7._o f._n 127._o every_o one_o who_o ground_v a_o act_n with_o discretion_n have_v a_o intention_n in_o the_o inception_n and_o neither_o begin_v any_o thing_n but_o to_o some_o end_n and_o in_o the_o progression_n have_v the_o same_o intent_n and_o so_o in_o the_o consummation_n so_o as_o the_o same_o intention_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o every_o part_n and_o therefore_o the_o intention_n be_v principal_o respect_v in_o all_o humane_a act_n and_o especial_o in_o those_o which_o concern_v the_o disposition_n of_o our_o estate_n and_o in_o feoffment_n and_o grant_n a_o feoffment_n by_o deed_n of_o a_o manor_n with_o a_o advowson_n appendant_a and_o no_o livery_n make_v the_o advowson_n pass_v not_o yet_o a_o advowson_n may_v pass_v without_o livery_n but_o the_o intention_n and_o the_o meaning_n be_v that_o the_o manor_n and_o it_o shall_v pass_v together_o finch_n nomot_n 58._o a_o bargain_n and_o sale_n of_o land_n and_o a_o reversion_n by_o deed_n not_o enroll_v the_o reversion_n pass_v
election_n may_v be_v by_o voice_n or_o hand_n or_o in_o othâ—â—_n sort_n and_o it_o be_v hard_o to_o discern_v the_o certain_a number_n and_o yet_o easy_a to_o see_v who_o have_v the_o great_a number_n 2._o m._n 128._o vide_fw-la ployd_v f._n 121._o b._n coke_n com._n f._n 303._o c._n every_o plea_n must_v be_v direct_a and_o not_o by_o way_n of_o argument_n or_o rehearsal_n and_o a_o argumentative_a plea_n be_v not_o good_a ployd_v f._n 122._o a._n b._n for_o there_o be_v a_o ground_n in_o the_o law_n that_o in_o declaration_n certainty_n ought_v to_o be_v allege_v by_o apt_a word_n of_o affirmation_n otherwise_o the_o declaration_n be_v not_o good_a as_o in_o debt_n upon_o a_o obligation_n i_o declare_v that_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o obligation_n that_o the_o defendant_n be_v bind_v to_o i_o in_o twenty_o pound_n the_o declaration_n be_v not_o good_a because_o it_o be_v allege_v in_o matter_n of_o fact_n quod_fw-la tenebatur_fw-la mihi_fw-la in_o twenty_o pound_n for_o bond_n be_v allege_v for_o recital_n only_o so_o 11._o h._n 6._o in_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n against_o a_o gaoler_n who_o have_v let_v one_o at_o large_a who_o be_v in_o execution_n under_o guard_n for_o the_o sum_n in_o demand_n and_o declare_v that_o he_o let_v he_o at_o large_a by_o which_o the_o plaintiff_n exclusus_fw-la fuit_fw-la de_fw-la debito_fw-la svo_fw-la and_o the_o declaration_n not_o good_a because_o he_o do_v not_o say_v that_o he_o be_v not_o satisfy_v when_o he_o let_v he_o at_o large_a which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o action_n which_o he_o have_v not_o allege_v but_o by_o implication_n for_o by_o implication_n it_o be_v allege_v for_o if_o he_o let_v he_o go_v at_o large_a by_o which_o he_o be_v bar_v of_o his_o debt_n against_o the_o prisoner_n by_o it_o be_v employ_v that_o the_o debt_n be_v not_o then_o pay_v but_o the_o count_n be_v not_o good_a because_o it_o be_v not_o affirm_v by_o precise_a word_n and_o 38._o h._n 6._o f._n 14._o the_o plaintiff_n in_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n count_v that_o the_o defendant_n retain_v he_o in_o his_o service_n for_o eight_o year_n to_o serve_v he_o in_o all_o occupation_n take_v for_o every_o year_n 20_o s._n and_o the_o defendant_n gage_v his_o law_n and_o though_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v retain_v in_o husbandry_n and_o the_o service_n of_o husbandry_n be_v employ_v in_o the_o word_n all_o occupation_n yet_o the_o defendant_n be_v receive_v to_o his_o law_n because_o it_o be_v not_o full_o express_v that_o he_o be_v retain_v in_o husbandry_n but_o only_o by_o implication_n which_o will_v not_o suffice_v so_o ployd_v f._n 143._o b._n the_o covenant_n in_o the_o indenture_n be_v if_o one_o moiety_n of_o the_o rent_n be_v behind_o and_o unpaid_a after_o two_o month_n since_o the_o feast_n etc._n etc._n that_o then_o etc._n etc._n and_o in_o the_o rejoynder_n it_o be_v allege_v that_o one_o moiety_n be_v behind_o per_fw-la dvos_fw-la menses_fw-la by_o the_o space_n of_o two_o month_n which_o be_v no_o answer_n because_o the_o indenture_n be_v if_o it_o be_v behind_o after_o two_o month_n post_n dvos_fw-la menses_fw-la and_o he_o say_v it_o be_v behind_o per_fw-la dvos_fw-la menses_fw-la which_o be_v no_o affirmation_n that_o it_o be_v behind_o after_o two_o month_n but_o by_o implication_n and_o argumentation_n and_o not_o otherwise_o and_o therefore_o not_o good_a every_o recovery_n have_v in_o our_o law_n must_v be_v plead_v certain_o to_o every_o intent_n ployd_v 65._o a._n as_o in_o 22._o e._n 4._o f._n 8._o in_o a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la to_o have_v execution_n of_o two_o hundred_o acre_n of_o land_n the_o tenant_n plead_v that_o since_o the_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la sue_v that_o i._o b._n bring_v a_o formedon_n of_o one_o hundred_o acre_n inter_fw-la alia_fw-la and_o recover_v and_o have_v execution_n judgement_n of_o the_o brief_a for_o parcel_n and_o there_o the_o opinion_n be_v the_o plea_n be_v not_o good_a for_o every_o recovery_n ought_v to_o be_v plead_v certian_o to_o every_o intent_n and_o those_o word_n inter_fw-la alia_fw-la be_v certain_a to_o no_o intent_n and_o it_o be_v good_a reason_n for_o every_o recovery_n be_v entire_a and_o there_o be_v one_o original_a and_o one_o judgement_n upon_o it_o and_o so_o the_o judgement_n be_v one_o and_o entire_a and_o therefore_o to_o say_v that_o inter_fw-la alia_fw-la he_o do_v recover_v be_v not_o good_a but_o aught_o to_o plead_v certain_o if_o a_o bar_n have_v matter_n of_o substance_n and_o be_v good_a to_o a_o common_a intent_n it_o shall_v suffice_v although_o it_o be_v not_o good_a to_o every_o special_a intent_n ployd_v coltherst_n case_n f._n 26._o a._n and_o as_o coke_n com._n 303._o there_o be_v three_o sort_n of_o certainty_n first_o to_o a_o certain_a intent_n in_o general_a as_o in_o count_n replication_n and_o other_o plead_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n 2._o a_o certain_a intent_n to_o every_o particular_a as_o in_o estopple_v 3._o a_o certainty_n to_o a_o common_a intent_n and_o this_o be_v sufficient_a in_o a_o bar_n which_o be_v to_o defend_v the_o party_n and_o to_o excuse_v he_o and_o of_o this_o certainty_n it_o be_v say_v the_o bar_n shall_v be_v good_a if_o it_o be_v good_a to_o a_o common_a intent_n ployd_v f._n 31._o a._n but_o this_o common_a intent_n be_v not_o such_o a_o intent_n which_o may_v be_v indifferent_a but_o such_o a_o intent_n that_o have_v more_o vehement_a presumption_n in_o intendment_n than_o any_o other_o intent_n have_v as_o full_o to_o administer_v all_o the_o good_n which_o be_v to_o the_o testator_n the_o day_n of_o his_o death_n be_v a_o good_a bar_n yet_o it_o may_v be_v he_o have_v other_o good_n which_o be_v never_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o testator_n which_o be_v asset_n as_o debt_n pay_v after_o or_o good_n which_o come_v in_o lieu_n etc._n etc._n but_o that_o be_v not_o the_o most_o common_a intent_n but_o the_o more_o common_a intendment_n be_v that_o he_o have_v not_o any_o other_o good_n but_o those_o which_o be_v the_o testator_n so_o in_o a_o formedon_n in_o descend_a ne_fw-fr donna_fw-fr pass_n be_v a_o good_a bar_n yet_o it_o may_v be_v he_o have_v recover_v in_o value_n in_o which_o case_n other_o land_n be_v give_v and_o yet_o the_o formedon_n lie_v but_o that_o shall_v not_o be_v intend_v but_o the_o common_a intendment_n be_v to_o express_v the_o plain_a gift_n by_o livery_n but_o if_o i_o plead_v in_o bar_n a_o lease_n for_o another_o life_n there_o the_o bar_n be_v not_o good_a without_o aver_v the_o life_n of_o cefis_fw-fr que_fw-fr vie_fw-fr for_o it_o be_v indifferent_a whether_o he_o be_v in_o life_n or_o no_o and_o have_v no_o more_o strong_a intendment_n the_o one_o way_n then_o the_o other_o &_o therefore_o his_o life_n must_v be_v aver_v by_o express_a word_n so_o in_o debt_n upon_o a_o obligation_n if_o the_o defendant_n plead_v in_o barr_n a_o release_n bearing_z date_n since_o the_o obligation_n make_v that_o bar_n be_v not_o good_a if_o he_o do_v not_o show_v by_o express_a word_n that_o it_o be_v deliver_v since_o the_o obligation_n make_v for_o prima_fw-la fancy_n one_o will_v presume_v that_o it_o be_v deliver_v when_o it_o bear_v date_n but_o of_o the_o other_o part_n it_o shall_v be_v presume_v also_o that_o the_o other_o will_v not_o bring_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n if_o the_o release_n be_v deliver_v since_o and_o so_o one_o way_n it_o have_v as_o vehement_a presumption_n as_o another_o and_o for_o that_o the_o intendment_n be_v indifferent_a it_o be_v not_o good_a unless_o it_o be_v show_v by_o the_o plea_n that_o it_o be_v deliver_v since_o the_o obligation_n make_v ployd_v ibidem_fw-la vide_fw-la plura_fw-la f._n 26._o ground_n and_o maxim_n proceed_v from_o the_o predicament_n from_o the_o predicament_n of_o substance_n svbstantia_fw-la prio_fw-la &_o dignor_fw-la est_fw-la accident_n arist_n 2._o de_fw-la anima_fw-la the_o substance_n be_v more_o worthy_a and_o before_o the_o accident_n and_o therefore_o do_v the_o law_n prefer_v matter_n of_o substance_n before_o form_n and_o circumstance_n as_o 21._o h._n 7._o 24._o b._n plea_n in_o bar_n and_o replication_n though_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v afterward_o nonsuit_n make_v a_o estopple_n for_o they_o be_v express_v allegation_n and_o substantial_a as_o in_o debt_n upon_o a_o obligation_n if_o the_o defendant_n plead_v in_o bar_n a_o acquittance_n make_v at_o d._n or_o if_o the_o defendant_n plead_v a_o acquittance_n and_o the_o plaintiff_n repli_v that_o it_o be_v make_v by_o duress_n of_o imprisonment_n at_o d._n now_o in_o another_o action_n neither_o the_o defendant_n shall_v plead_v that_o the_o acquittance_n nor_o the_o plaintiff_n that_o the_o duress_n be_v at_o another_o place_n because_o they_o be_v material_a but_o the_o matter_n in_o the_o writ_n and_o the_o count_n make_v no_o estopple_n for_o they_o be_v
f._n 13._o a._n if_o two_o four_o or_o more_o man_n be_v several_o seize_v of_o land_n join_v in_o a_o recognizance_n all_o their_o land_n must_v be_v equal_o extend_v because_o they_o be_v in_o a_o equal_a condition_n and_o case_n 26_o assi_fw-fr pl._n 37._o now_o custom_n have_v create_v inheretance_n in_o copy-holds_a and_o that_o the_o land_n shall_v be_v descendable_a the_o law_n do_v direct_v the_o descent_n according_a to_o the_o maxim_n and_o rule_n of_o the_o common_a law_n as_o incident_a to_o every_o estate_n descendable_a coke_n l._n 4._o f._n 22._o so_o now_o use_v have_v the_o reputation_n of_o inheritance_n descendable_a the_o common_a law_n shall_v direct_v the_o descent_n of_o those_o and_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v possessio_fw-la fratris_fw-la of_o a_o use_n as_o of_o other_o inheritance_n at_o the_o common_a law_n 5._o e._n 4._o 7._o and_o of_o land_n in_o burrough_n english_a the_o use_n shall_v descend_v to_o the_o puisne_n and_o now_o also_o these_o use_n be_v turn_v into_o estate_n shall_v be_v determine_v in_o all_o respect_n as_o estate_n in_o possession_n 23._o h._n 8._o finch_n nomot_n but_o this_o difference_n be_v put_v between_o inheritance_n in_o copy_n hold_v land_n and_o inheritance_n in_o use_n in_o that_o such_o customary_a inheritaner_n shall_v not_o have_v by_o the_o law_n any_o other_o collateral_a quality_n which_o concern_v not_o the_o descent_n of_o inheritance_n which_o use_v and_o other_o inheritance_n at_o the_o common_a law_n have_v as_o tenancy_n by_o courtesy_n or_o asseâ—s_v to_o charge_v the_o heir_n in_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n upon_o a_o obligation_n make_v by_o his_o ancestor_n for_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n coke_n l._n 4._o f._n 22._o a._n or_o descent_n to_o take_v away_o entry_n as_o if_o a_o copyholder_n in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n surrender_v it_o to_o the_o use_n of_o another_o in_o see_v and_o die_v that_o shall_v not_o be_v any_o discontinuance_n to_o the_o feme_fw-fr but_o that_o she_o and_o her_o heir_n may_v enter_v ib._n f._n 23._o neither_o shall_v the_o feme_fw-fr of_o customary_a tenant_n be_v endow_v unless_o it_o be_v by_o special_a custom_n ib._n f._n 30._o b._n and_o general_o copyhold_a estate_n shall_v not_o have_v such_o quality_n which_o estate_n at_o the_o common_a law_n have_v without_o special_a custom_n ib._n f._n 23._o a._n a_o simili_fw-la from_o the_o like_a nvllum_fw-la simile_n currit_fw-la quatuor_fw-la pedibus_fw-la coke_n l._n 7_o f._n 34_o no_o like_a thing_n run_v upon_o four_o foot_n and_o coke_n l._n 4._o f._n 18._o b._n nullum_fw-la simile_n est_fw-la idem_fw-la nothing_o that_o be_v like_a be_v the_o same_o sir_n gilbert_n gerrard_n case_n upon_o a_o action_n of_o slander_n the_o plaintiff_n count_v that_o he_o be_v seize_v of_o a_o manor_n etc._n etc._n in_o fee_n and_o that_o he_o be_v in_o communication_n to_o demise_n the_o say_a land_n to_o r._n e._n and_o that_o the_o defendant_n not_o ignorant_a thereof_o say_v i_o have_v a_o lease_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n for_o ninety_o year_n and_o that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o say_a word_n the_o say_v r._n e._n do_v not_o accept_v of_o the_o say_a lease_n to_o the_o damage_n etc._n etc._n the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o tâ—lis_fw-la indentura_fw-la qualis_fw-la in_o the_o count_n be_v allege_v come_v to_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o defendant_n by_o find_v and_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o that_o manner_n of_o plead_v be_v not_o a_o direct_a answer_n to_o the_o indenture_n mention_v in_o the_o count_n for_o talis_fw-la indentura_fw-la be_v not_o eadem_fw-la indentura_fw-la for_o no_o like_a be_v the_o same_o eadem_fw-la &_o simili_fw-la ratione_fw-la suadente_fw-la idem_fw-la jus_o statuendum_fw-la est_fw-la reg._n i._o c._n vbi_fw-la eadem_fw-la est_fw-la ratio_fw-la ibâ—_n est_fw-la idemjus_fw-la coke_n come_v f._n 191._o a._n it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o maxim_n of_o the_o common_a law_n cite_v by_o littleton_n that_o in_o all_o case_n where_o there_o be_v the_o like_a reason_n there_o be_v the_o like_a law_n for_o reason_n be_v the_o soul_n of_o the_o law_n and_o ratio_fw-la potest_fw-la allegari_fw-la deficiente_fw-la lege_fw-la and_o reason_n may_v be_v allege_v where_o the_o law_n be_v want_v and_o then_o as_o bâ—actâ—n_v de_fw-fr similibus_fw-la ad_fw-la similia_fw-la eadem_fw-la ratione_fw-la pâ—oâ—â—dendum_fw-la est_fw-la from_o the_o like_a unto_o the_o like_a by_o the_o same_o reason_n we_o be_v to_o proceed_v and_o so_o argumentum_fw-la a_o simili_fw-la iâ—_n good_a in_o law_n et_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o uno_fw-la similium_fw-la valet_fw-la valebit_fw-la in_o altero_fw-la what_o avail_v in_o one_o of_o the_o like_v shall_v avail_v in_o the_o other_o as_o one_o shall_v recover_v in_o value_n against_o the_o heir_n upon_o the_o ancestor_n warranty_n land_n which_o the_o heir_n take_v in_o exchange_n for_o land_n descend_v 1â—_n h._n 3._o rec_fw-la va_fw-fr 26._o for_o the_o similitude_n of_o the_o same_o reason_n a_o manor_n be_v give_v by_o fine_a a_o scâ—â—e_n facias_fw-la lie_v of_o a_o tenancy_n that_o after_o escheat_v to_o the_o say_a manor_n 48._o e._n 3._o 11._o if_o a_o manor_n descend_v to_o a_o heir_n within_o age_n and_o after_o a_o tenancy_n escheat_v he_o shall_v have_v his_o age_n of_o it_o in_o a_o praecipe_fw-la of_o the_o manor_n it_o shall_v be_v asset_n by_o descent_n and_o he_o may_v vouch_v of_o this_o tenancy_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o warranty_n make_v of_o the_o manor_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n 6._o h._n 4_o 1._o and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n a_o lease_n for_o a_o thousand_o day_n be_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n 14._o h._n 8._o 13._o and_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n and_o a_o release_n amount_v to_o a_o feoffment_n brook_n the_o maxim_n of_o a_o bastard_n be_v eigne_v that_o the_o mulier_fw-la puisne_n must_v make_v a_o entry_n upon_o he_o or_o else_o he_o gain_v the_o right_a yet_o a_o continual_a claim_n make_v by_o the_o mulier_fw-la puisne_n destroy_v his_o right_n for_o it_o be_v all_o one_o as_o if_o he_o have_v enter_v 14._o h._n 4._o 9_o if_o a_o man_n licence_v one_o to_o occupy_v his_o land_n for_o a_o year_n this_o be_v a_o lease_n for_o a_o year_n 5._o h._n 7._o 1._o and_o this_o be_v also_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n ubi_fw-la est_fw-la eadem_fw-la ratio_fw-la &_o eadem_fw-la equitas_fw-la ibi_fw-la debet_fw-la esse_fw-la eadem_fw-la juris_fw-la dispositio_fw-la where_o there_o be_v the_o same_o reason_n and_o the_o same_o equity_n there_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o same_o disposition_n of_o right_a coke_n come_v f._n 10._o a._n as_o in_o feoffment_n and_o grant_v the_o word_n heir_n make_v a_o inheritance_n so_o do_v it_o in_o exchange_n release_v and_o confirmation_n which_o enure_v by_o way_n of_o enlargement_n of_o a_o estate_n as_o also_o in_o warranties_n bargain_n and_o sale_n by_o deed_n indent_a and_o enroll_v and_o the_o like_a in_o which_o the_o word_n heir_n be_v also_o necessary_a because_o they_o stand_v upon_o the_o same_o reason_n that_o feoffement_n and_o grant_v do_v for_o where_o there_o be_v the_o same_o reason_n there_o be_v the_o same_o law_n coke_n come_v f._n 55._o 56._o if_o lessee_n at_o will_n sow_v the_o land_n and_o the_o lessor_n after_o it_o be_v sow_o &_o before_o the_o corn_n be_v ripe_a put_v he_o out_o yet_o the_o lessee_n shall_v have_v the_o corn_n and_o shall_v have_v ingress_n egress_n and_o regress_n to_o cut_v and_o carry_v away_o the_o corn_n and_o if_o the_o corn_n be_v ripe_a and_o ready_a to_o cut_v down_o and_o the_o lessor_n before_o the_o lessee_n reap_v it_o enter_z and_z put_v out_o the_o lessee_n without_o all_o question_n the_o lessee_n shall_v have_v the_o corn_n for_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n that_o he_o shall_v have_v it_o where_o he_o be_v put_v out_o before_o it_o be_v ripe_a he_o shall_v have_v it_o where_o he_o be_v put_v out_o after_o it_o be_v ripe_a for_o where_o there_o be_v the_o same_o reason_n there_o be_v the_o same_o law_n a_o majori_fw-la &_o minori_fw-la from_o the_o great_a and_o the_o lesser_a in_o eo_fw-la quod_fw-la plus_fw-la est_fw-la semper_fw-la inest_fw-la minus_fw-la reg._n i._o c._n omne_fw-la majus_fw-la continet_fw-la in_o se_fw-la minus_fw-la coke_n l._n 4._o f._n 46._o a._n the_o great_a always_o contain_v in_o it_o the_o less_o as_o whereas_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 3._o h._n 7._o c._n 1._o it_o be_v provide_v that_o if_o murderer_n and_o accessary_n or_o any_o of_o they_o be_v acquit_v upon_o indictment_n or_o the_o principal_n be_v attaint_v etc._n etc._n the_o wife_n or_o heir_n to_o he_o slay_v may_v have_v their_o appeal_n against_o the_o person_n so_o acquit_v or_o against_o the_o principal_a so_o attaint_v and_o that_o the_o benefit_n of_o his_o clergy_n thereof_o before_o be_v not_o have_v it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o word_n attaint_v of_o murder_n in_o that_o act_n
of_o false_a imprisonment_n because_o that_o he_o be_v judge_n of_o the_o cause_n 14_o h._n 8._o 16._o factum_fw-la a_o judice_fw-la quod_fw-la ad_fw-la ejus_fw-la officium_fw-la non_fw-la pertinet_fw-la ratum_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la reg._n i._o c._n &_o coke_n l._n 10._o f._n 76._o b._n judicium_fw-la a_o non_fw-la svo_fw-la judice_fw-la datum_fw-la nullius_fw-la est_fw-la momenti_fw-la a_o act_n do_v by_o a_o judge_n which_o do_v not_o appertain_v to_o his_o office_n be_v not_o allow_v and_o a_o judgement_n give_v by_o he_o be_v not_o his_o proper_a judge_n be_v of_o no_o weight_n nor_o moment_n as_o if_o the_o sheriff_n who_o be_v prescribe_v by_o the_o law_n to_o hold_v his_o turn_n within_o a_o month_n after_o michaelmas_n hold_v his_o turn_n after_o the_o month_n and_o take_v a_o indictment_n of_o robbery_n at_o the_o same_o turn_v and_o the_o indictment_n be_v by_o a_o certiorari_fw-la remove_v into_o the_o king_n bench_n by_o advice_n of_o all_o the_o justice_n the_o party_n so_o indict_v be_v discharge_v because_o the_o indictment_n be_v utter_o void_a &_o coram_fw-la non_fw-la judice_fw-la because_o at_o that_o time_n the_o sheriff_n have_v no_o authority_n to_o hold_v it_o and_o if_o a_o man_n have_v a_o leet_n which_o be_v hold_v at_o a_o day_n certain_a if_o he_o hold_v it_o another_o day_n such_o court_n so_o hold_v be_v void_a and_o without_o warrant_n but_o it_o be_v otherwise_o of_o a_o court_n baron_fw-fr coke_n ibidem_fw-la but_o if_o the_o court_n of_o common_a bench_n hold_v plea_n without_o a_o original_a it_o be_v not_o void_a for_o they_o be_v judge_n of_o those_o plea_n and_o it_o can_v be_v say_v that_o the_o proceed_n be_v coram_fw-la non_fw-la judice_fw-la 19_o e._n 4._o 8._o judgement_n in_o the_o marshalsey_n when_o none_o of_o the_o party_n be_v of_o the_o household_n of_o the_o king_n may_v be_v avoid_v by_o plea_n without_o any_o writ_n of_o error_n which_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v void_a 6_o n._n 2._o so_o in_o trespass_n before_o the_o marshal_n if_o none_o of_o the_o party_n be_v of_o the_o household_n of_o the_o king_n it_o be_v coram_fw-la non_fw-la judice_fw-la because_o they_o pass_v their_o power_n 29_o e._n 4._o 16._o if_o one_o of_o the_o queen_n household_n sue_v another_o of_o the_o same_o household_n and_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v put_v out_o of_o service_n the_o plea_n depend_v the_o other_o may_v show_v this_o and_o abate_v the_o writ_n but_o otherwise_o it_o be_v if_o the_o defendant_n be_v put_v out_o of_o service_n lib._n the_o divers_a des_fw-fr court_n f._n 102._o b._n and_o if_o a_o man_n be_v implead_v in_o the_o common_a place_n for_o land_n within_o the_o cinque-port_n the_o tenant_n may_v show_v to_o the_o court_n that_o the_o land_n be_v within_o the_o cinque-port_n and_o by_o this_o plea_n the_o court_n shall_v be_v out_v of_o jurisdiction_n but_o if_o the_o tenant_n do_v plead_v in_o bar_n which_o be_v find_v against_o he_o and_o the_o demandant_n have_v judgement_n to_o recover_v the_o land_n tâ—_n be_v judgement_n shall_v bind_v the_o tenant_n for_o ever_o ib._n 107._o b_o and_o so_o it_o be_v of_o land_n in_o ancient_a demesne_n if_o a_o writ_n be_v bring_v for_o they_o in_o the_o common_a place_n if_o the_o tenant_n appear_v and_o plead_v the_o bar_n and_o take_v no_o exception_n to_o the_o jurisdiction_n and_o the_o plea_n be_v find_v against_o he_o so_o that_o the_o demandant_n recover_v he_o shall_v not_o reverse_v this_o by_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n because_o he_o may_v have_v take_v exception_n to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o court_n and_o that_o shall_v have_v be_v allow_v ibidem_fw-la but_o the_o lord_n may_v reverse_v this_o judgement_n by_o a_o writ_n of_o deceit_n and_o make_v the_o land_n ancient_a demesne_n as_o it_o be_v before_o if_o a_o man_n devise_v to_o one_o land_n devisable_v the_o devisee_n can_v sue_v for_o these_o land_n in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n but_o if_o he_o make_v a_o devise_n of_o good_n and_o chattle_n real_a as_o a_o term_n of_o year_n or_o of_o a_o ward_n he_o may_v for_o such_o sue_v in_o that_o court_n f._n n._n b._n f._n 43._o b._n jurisdictio_fw-la est_fw-la potestas_fw-la de_fw-fr publico_fw-la introducta_fw-la cum_fw-la necessitate_v juris_fw-la dicendi_fw-la coke_n l._n 10_o f._n 73._o jurisdiction_n be_v a_o power_n introduce_v by_o the_o public_a for_o the_o necessity_n of_o decree_a and_o do_v right_a the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o court_n of_o the_o marshally_n be_v first_o institute_v for_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o rule_n and_o governance_n of_o the_o servant_n of_o the_o king_n household_n and_o therefore_o be_v it_o ancient_o style_v placita_fw-la corona_fw-la aulae_fw-la hospitiâ—_n domini_fw-la regis_fw-la the_o plea_n of_o the_o court_n of_o the_o household_n of_o the_o lord_n the_o king_n by_o which_o word_n it_o be_v prove_v that_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o party_n ought_v at_o the_o least_o to_o be_v of_o the_o household_n of_o the_o king_n for_o how_o can_v these_o word_n stand_v when_o neither_o of_o the_o party_n be_v of_o the_o household_n of_o the_o king_n and_o that_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a in_o suit_n before_o the_o steward_n and_o martial_n to_o allege_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n or_o defendant_n be_v of_o the_o household_n of_o of_o the_o king_n for_o the_o stile_n of_o the_o court_n do_v the_o same_o imply_v ibidem_fw-la so_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o court_n of_o py-powder_n be_v introduce_v for_o the_o necessity_n of_o do_v right_o in_o suit_n and_o matter_n concern_v market_n and_o as_o that_o court_n have_v not_o jurisdiction_n but_o for_o thing_n concern_v the_o market_n so_o have_v it_o not_o jurisdiction_n for_o matter_n concern_v the_o market_n unless_o they_o be_v do_v in_o the_o same_o market_n m._n 42._o &_o 42._o eliz_n in_o b._n r._n hall_n bring_v a_o writ_n of_o error_n against_o jones_n of_o a_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o court_n of_o py-powder_n of_o the_o market_n etc._n etc._n for_o jones_n one_o of_o the_o register_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o gloucester_n because_o hall_n have_v publish_v slanderous_a word_n of_o he_o etc._n etc._n and_o the_o judgement_n be_v reverse_v for_o two_o error_n because_o those_o word_n do_v not_o concern_v any_o matter_n concern_v the_o market_n and_o therefore_o the_o court_n have_v no_o jurisdiction_n of_o it_o but_o if_o one_o slander_v any_o that_o shall_v come_v into_o the_o market_n in_o any_o thing_n which_o concern_v his_o trade_n a_o action_n well_o lie_v against_o him_n and_o 2._o it_o appear_v in_o the_o count_n that_o the_o word_n be_v speak_v before_o the_o market_n and_o not_o in_o it_o for_o the_o court_n have_v only_a jurisdiction_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v do_v and_o say_v in_o the_o market_n ibidem_fw-la a._n &_o b._n where_o there_o be_v no_o colour_n to_o hold_v plea_n as_o in_o a_o court_n baron_n of_o land_n not_o hold_v of_o a_o manor_n all_o be_v void_a but_o where_o there_o be_v colour_n to_o hold_v plea_n though_o it_o be_v by_o plaint_n where_o it_o shall_v be_v by_o original_n yet_o the_o judgement_n render_v be_v only_o voidable_a by_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n ibidem_fw-la non_fw-la pertinet_fw-la ad_fw-la judicem_fw-la secularem_fw-la cognoscere_fw-la de_fw-la ijs_fw-la quae_fw-la sunt_fw-la spiritualibus_fw-la annexa_fw-la bract._n l._n 5._o c._n 2._o it_o do_v not_o appertain_v to_o the_o secular_a judge_n to_o take_v cognizance_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v annex_v to_o spiritual_a thing_n and_o therefore_o the_o branch_n of_o tree_n which_o be_v privilege_v from_o tithe_n shall_v be_v also_o privilege_v but_o the_o suit_n for_o the_o tithe_n branch_n of_o tree_n which_o be_v not_o privilege_v shall_v be_v in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n as_o well_o as_o the_o suit_n for_o the_o tithe_n of_o tree_n themselves_o res_fw-la judicata_fw-la pro_fw-la veritate_fw-la accipitur_fw-la coke_n come_v 103._o a._n the_o thing_n adjudge_v be_v take_v for_o truth_n as_o in_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n upon_o a_o obligation_n against_o a_o abbot_n the_o abbot_n acknowledge_v the_o action_n and_o die_v the_o successor_n shall_v not_o avoid_v execution_n though_o the_o obligation_n be_v make_v without_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o covent_n for_o he_o can_v falsify_v the_o recovery_n in_o a_o high_a action_n and_o the_o thing_n judge_v be_v take_v for_o truth_n and_o this_o be_v but_o a_o chattel_n and_o so_o be_v it_o of_o a_o statute_n or_o recognizance_n acknowledge_v by_o a_o abbot_n and_o prior_n ibidem_fw-la and_o therefore_o do_v the_o law_n so_o much_o respect_v the_o certainty_n of_o judgement_n and_o the_o credit_n and_o authority_n of_o judge_n as_o it_o will_v not_o permit_v any_o error_n to_o be_v assign_v that_o impeach_v they_o in_o their_o trust_n and_o office_n and_o in_o wilful_a abuse_n of_o the_o same_o but_o only_o
corrodit_fw-la vistera_fw-la textus_fw-la a_o viperous_a exposition_n which_o shall_v tear_v the_o bowel_n of_o the_o text_n ibidem_fw-la coke_n l._n 8._o f._n 1._o 7._o a._n b._n the_o better_a expositor_n of_o all_o letter_n patent_n and_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v the_o letter_n patent_n and_o act_n of_o parliament_n themselves_o by_o construction_n and_o conference_n of_o all_o the_o part_n of_o they_o together_o for_o optima_fw-la statuti_fw-la interpretatrix_fw-la est_fw-la omnibus_fw-la particulis_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la inspectis_fw-la ipsum_fw-la statutum_n &_o injustum_fw-la est_fw-la nisi_fw-la tota_fw-la lege_fw-la inspecta_fw-la una_fw-la aliqua_fw-la particula_fw-la proposita_fw-la judicare_fw-la vel_fw-la respondere_fw-la the_o best_a expounder_n of_o a_o statute_n be_v the_o statute_n itself_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o same_o be_v look_v into_o and_o it_o be_v a_o unjust_a thing_n one_o particular_a be_v propound_v to_o judge_v and_o answer_v unless_o the_o whole_a law_n be_v look_v into_o ibidem_fw-la in_o dr._n bonham_n case_n coke_n l._n 10._o f._n 24._o b_o the_o better_a exposition_n of_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o king_n be_v upon_o consideration_n of_o all_o the_o charter_n to_o expound_v the_o charter_n by_o the_o charter_n itself_o and_o the_o letter_n patent_n in_o this_o case_n be_v the_o bowel_n of_o the_o text_n and_o therefore_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o letter_n patent_n shall_v be_v consider_v and_o every_o part_n of_o it_o explain_v according_a to_o the_o true_a and_o genuine_a sense_n for_o verba_fw-la chartae_fw-la regi_fw-la aeque_fw-la portant_fw-la svam_fw-la expositionem_fw-la for_o the_o word_n of_o the_o king_n charter_n do_v equal_o carry_v their_o own_o exposition_n ibid._n divinatio_fw-la non_fw-la interpretatio_fw-la est_fw-la quae_fw-la omnino_fw-la recedit_fw-la a_o littera_fw-la bac_n max._n f._n 16._o it_o be_v a_o divination_n and_o not_o a_o interpretation_n which_o leave_v the_o letter_n as_o if_o i_o have_v a_o fee-farm_n rend_v of_o ten_o shilling_n issue_v out_o of_o white-acre_n and_o i_o recite_v the_o same_o reservation_n do_v grant_v to_o i._o s._n the_o rent_n of_o five_o shilling_n to_o be_v receive_v out_o of_o the_o aforesaid_a rent_n and_o out_o of_o all_o my_o land_n and_o tenement_n in_o dale_n with_o clause_n of_o distress_n though_o there_o be_v a_o attornment_n nothing_o pass_v out_o of_o my_o former_a rent_n because_o for_o that_o it_o be_v against_o the_o word_n and_o the_o copulation_n of_o the_o word_n show_v the_o take_n of_o they_o in_o another_o sense_n but_o if_o i_o recite_v that_o i_o seize_v of_o such_o a_o rent_n of_o ten_o shilling_n do_v grant_v five_o shilling_n to_o be_v receive_v of_o the_o same_o rent_n it_o be_v good_a enough_o without_o attornment_n because_o percipiendum_fw-la de_fw-la to_o be_v receive_v of_o may_v well_o be_v take_v for_o parcella_n de_fw-mi parcel_n of_o without_o violence_n of_o the_o word_n but_o if_o it_o have_v be_v of_o the_o aforesaid_a rent_n it_o have_v be_v void_a vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la but_o as_o ployden_n say_v f._n 162._o exception_n exception_n non_fw-fr est_fw-fr regula_fw-la quin_fw-la fallit_fw-la there_o be_v no_o rule_n but_o fail_v and_o as_o have_v be_v say_v the_o more_o reasonable_a and_o equitable_a rule_n be_v always_o to_o be_v prefer_v when_o they_o encounter_v and_o meet_v in_o opposition_n as_o contrary_a to_o this_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o the_o civilian_n leges_fw-la non_fw-la verbis_fw-la sed_fw-la rebus_fw-la esse_fw-la impositas_fw-la and_o coke_n l._n 11._o 34._o b._n qui_fw-la haeret_fw-la in_o littera_fw-la haeret_fw-la in_o cortice_fw-la law_n be_v not_o impose_v upon_o word_n but_o upon_o thing_n and_o he_o that_o stick_v in_o the_o letter_n stick_v in_o the_o bark_n or_o outside_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o not_o attain_v to_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o sense_n as_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 27_o e._n 3._o c._n 1._o it_o be_v provide_v that_o he_o that_o draw_v one_o to_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n in_o a_o plea_n which_o be_v determine_v in_o the_o court_n of_o the_o king_n or_o of_o other_o thing_n whereof_o judgement_n be_v give_v in_o the_o court_n of_o the_o king_n etc._n etc._n to_o defeat_v the_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o court_n of_o the_o king_n shall_v have_v day_n contain_v the_o space_n of_o two_o month_n etc._n etc._n and_o if_o they_o come_v not_o within_o the_o mean_a time_n in_o proper_a person_n they_o shall_v be_v put_v out_o of_o protection_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o question_n be_v move_v in_o 30._o e._n 3._o 11._o if_o the_o defendant_n appear_v plead_v and_o be_v condemn_v whether_o he_o shall_v have_v the_o judgement_n of_o a_o praemunire_n give_v by_o the_o say_a act_n but_o since_o in_o 39_o e._n 3._o f._n 7._o judgement_n be_v give_v against_o the_o bishop_n of_o chicester_n who_o appear_v although_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o statute_n be_v that_o if_o they_o come_v not_o at_o the_o same_o day_n etc._n etc._n they_o shall_v be_v put_v out_o of_o protection_n and_o therefore_o a_o multo_fw-la fortiori_fw-la when_o the_o defendant_n in_o such_o case_n appear_v plead_v and_o shall_v be_v find_v guilty_a he_o shall_v have_v judgement_n upon_o the_o say_a statute_n 44._o e._n 3._o 36._o and_o yet_o it_o be_v out_o of_o the_o word_n of_o the_o act_n which_o speak_v only_o of_o a_o default_n for_o qui_fw-la haeret_fw-la in_o littera_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 25._o e_o 3._o the_o kill_n of_o his_o master_n be_v adjudge_v treason_n yet_o by_o construction_n be_v it_o extend_v to_o his_o mistress_n as_o it_o be_v hold_v in_o 19_o h._n 6._o 47._o and_o whereas_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 25._o h._n 8._o house_n burner_n be_v deprive_v of_o clergy_n and_o in_o the_o statute_n of_o 5._o &_o 6._o e._n 6_o there_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o that_o offence_n in_o particular_a but_o only_o that_o the_o say_a statute_n shall_v stand_v in_o force_n concern_v the_o trial_n of_o offender_n in_o another_o county_n yet_o by_o another_o sentence_n in_o the_o say_a act_n that_o every_o clause_n and_o sentence_n in_o the_o say_a act_n touch_v clergy_n etc._n etc._n shall_v from_o henceforth_o concern_v such_o offence_n remain_v and_o be_v in_o full_a strength_n and_o virtue_n it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o the_o say_a clause_n shall_v extend_v to_o all_o the_o act_n of_o 25._o h._n 8._o because_o by_o that_o construction_n such_o a_o heinous_a offence_n shall_v not_o pass_v in_o effect_n without_o capital_a impunity_n and_o that_o such_o malefactor_n shall_v not_o be_v encourage_v to_o burn_v not_o only_a house_n but_o village_n and_o city_n and_o it_o be_v frequent_a in_o our_o book_n that_o penal_a statute_n have_v be_v take_v by_o intendment_n beside_o the_o letter_n to_o the_o end_n that_o they_o shall_v take_v effect_n according_a to_o the_o express_a intention_n of_o the_o maker_n of_o the_o act_n to_o remedy_v the_o mischief_n in_o advancement_n of_o justice_n and_o suppression_n of_o heinous_a crime_n coke_n ibidem_fw-la vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la and_o though_o it_o be_v a_o maxim_n that_o penal_a law_n be_v to_o be_v take_v it_o may_v be_v conceive_v of_o such_o as_o concern_v inferior_a and_o not_o heinous_a offence_n coke_n com._n 365._o b._n a_o man_n seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee_n levy_v a_o fine_a to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o for_o life_n and_o after_o to_o the_o use_n of_o his_o wife_n and_o of_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o her_o body_n by_o he_o beget_v for_o her_o jointure_n und_fw-ge after_o he_o and_o his_o wife_n levy_v a_o fine_a and_o suffer_v a_o common_a recovery_n the_o husband_n and_o wife_n die_v and_o the_o issue_n male_a enter_v by_o force_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 11._o h._n 7._o and_o it_o be_v hold_v that_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o issue_n male_a be_v lawful_a and_o yet_o this_o case_n be_v out_o of_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o statute_n for_o she_o never_o levy_v a_o fine_a be_v sole_a or_o with_o any_o other_o after_o take_v husband_n but_o be_v by_o herself_o with_o the_o husband_n that_o make_v the_o loynture_n but_o this_o case_n be_v in_o the_o same_o mischief_n be_v therefore_o within_o the_o remedy_n of_o the_o statute_n by_o the_o intendment_n of_o the_o maker_n of_o the_o same_o to_o avoid_v the_o dis-inherison_a of_o heir_n who_o be_v provide_v for_o by_o the_o say_a jointure_n and_o especial_o by_o the_o husband_n himself_o that_o make_v the_o jointure_n which_o as_o it_o be_v say_v be_v a_o strong_a case_n than_o any_o set_v down_o in_o the_o statute_n for_o qui_fw-la haeret_fw-la in_o littera_fw-la vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la coke_n come_v 241._o a._n if_o there_o be_v lord_n mesne_n and_o tenant_n and_o the_o mesne_n do_v grant_v to_o the_o tenant_n to_o acquit_v he_o against_o the_o lord_n and_o his_o heir_n the_o lord_n die_v his_o wife_n have_v the_o signiory_n assign_v to_o she_o for_o the_o
though_o it_o be_v the_o observation_n of_o the_o philosopher_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d all_o man_n love_v their_o own_o work_n 1._o arist_n 4._o eth._n c._n 1._o as_o parent_n and_o poet_n do_v yet_o do_v the_o author_n acknowledge_v with_o cicero_n quod_fw-la nihil_fw-la meorum_fw-la magnopere_fw-la miror_fw-la that_o he_o never_o admire_v any_o of_o his_o own_o work_n but_o say_v with_o ovid_n ipse_fw-la mihi_fw-la nunquam_fw-la judice_fw-la i_o placui_fw-la that_o he_o can_v never_o as_o yet_o by_o his_o own_o judgement_n please_v himself_o though_o it_o always_o have_v be_v his_o ambition_n to_o please_v other_o according_a to_o the_o option_n of_o the_o consular_a poet_n optabam_fw-la ut_fw-la placeam_fw-la sin_n minus_fw-la ut_fw-la taceam_fw-la and_o this_o modest_a lesson_n have_v the_o author_n learn_v of_o the_o great_a legist_n sir_n edw._n coke_n nulla_fw-la scientia_fw-la 494._o coke_n come_v f._n 494._o nulla_fw-la virtus_fw-la locum_fw-la suum_fw-la &_o dignitatem_fw-la conservare_fw-la potest_fw-la sine_fw-la modestia_fw-la no_o science_n nor_o virtue_n can_v preserve_v its_o place_n and_o dignity_n without_o modesty_n and_o according_o do_v he_o close_o up_o his_o discourse_n with_o the_o conclusion_n of_o bracton_n postulans_fw-la a_o lectore_fw-la 1._o brac._n l._n 1._o f._n 1._o ut_fw-la siquid_fw-la superfluum_fw-la vel_fw-la perperam_fw-la positum_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la opere_fw-la invenerit_fw-la illud_fw-la corrigat_fw-la vel_fw-la emendet_fw-la vel_fw-la connuiventibus_fw-la oculis_fw-la pertranseat_fw-la request_v this_o of_o the_o reader_n that_o if_o he_o shall_v find_v any_o thing_n superfluous_a or_o place_v amiss_o in_o this_o work_n that_o he_o will_v either_o correct_v or_o amend_v it_o or_o with_o connive_v eye_n pass_v it_o by_o or_o rather_o with_o our_o great_a master_n littleton_n si_fw-mi componere_fw-la magnis_fw-la ovid._n ovid._n parva_n mihi_fw-la fas_fw-la sit_fw-la that_o he_o will_v not_o have_v you_o believe_v that_o all_o that_o he_o have_v say_v in_o this_o book_n be_v law_n for_o he_o will_v not_o presume_v to_o take_v that_o upon_o he_o but_o of_o such_o thing_n which_o be_v not_o law_n inquire_v and_o learn_v of_o his_o sage_a master_n learn_v in_o the_o law_n the_o ground_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n extract_v out_o of_o the_o root_n and_o fountain_n of_o other_o art_n &_o science_n lib_fw-la i._o sect_n i._o it_o be_v the_o observation_n of_o cicero_n who_o excel_v in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o all_o humane_a art_n and_o science_n orot_n cic._n 3._o de_fw-fr orot_n omnes_fw-la aâ—tes_fw-la quae_fw-la ad_fw-la humanitatem_fw-la pertinent_a habent_fw-la common_a quoddam_fw-la vinculum_fw-la &_o quasi_fw-la cognatione_fw-la quadam_fw-la inter_fw-la se_fw-la continentur_fw-la all_o art_n and_o science_n which_o appertain_v unto_o humanity_n have_v a_o certain_a common_a bond_n and_o tie_n and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v contain_v by_o a_o certain_a alliance_n and_o affinity_n among_o themselves_o and_o true_o for_o they_o be_v the_o issue_n of_o one_o womb_n descend_v from_o the_o same_o intellect_n and_o be_v by_o nature_n so_o link_v and_o chain_v together_o that_o those_o principle_n which_o be_v true_a in_o one_o art_n and_o science_n be_v reciprocal_o true_a in_o the_o other_o for_o truth_n absolute_o and_o material_o be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o though_o formal_o or_o relative_o either_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o artist_n or_o the_o diverse_a object_n of_o science_n it_o be_v sever_v which_o proceed_v from_o the_o various_a mode_n of_o the_o application_n and_o consideration_n of_o it_o neither_o be_v theologicall_n and_o philosophical_a truth_n opposite_a but_o subordinate_a and_o theologie_n be_v not_o against_o philosophy_n but_o above_o it_o neither_o do_v the_o principle_n of_o one_o science_n supplant_v the_o principle_n of_o another_o science_n but_o mutual_o aid_v and_o assist_v each_o other_o with_o their_o principle_n in_o search_v and_o sift_v out_o of_o the_o truth_n which_o be_v practical_o apparent_a in_o the_o art_n and_o discipline_n of_o the_o law_n 6._o nomot_n f._n 6._o which_o borrow_v most_o of_o her_o principle_n from_o other_o science_n in_o so_o much_o as_o sir_n henry_n finch_n elegant_o the_o spark_n of_o all_o science_n be_v rake_v up_o in_o the_o ash_n of_o the_o law_n for_o which_o reason_n sir_n edward_n coke_n apt_o style_v it_o scientia_fw-la socialis_fw-la â—8_o l._n 5._o â—8_o a_o sociable_a science_n because_o it_o agree_v with_o other_o excellent_a science_n both_o divine_a and_o humane_a and_o therefore_o the_o author_n deem_v it_o operae_fw-la p_o ecium_fw-la a_o work_n worth_a the_o labour_n to_o demonstrate_v as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o mirror_n and_o blazon_v the_o affinity_n and_o alliance_n that_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o law_n of_o engâ—and_n have_v with_o the_o principle_n of_o other_o art_n and_o science_n who_o by_o a_o intellectual_a chain_n be_v divine_o link_v and_o conjoin_v and_o because_o theologie_n be_v the_o prime_n and_o divine_a metaphysic_n ars_fw-la â—rtium_fw-la &_o scientia_fw-la scientiarum_fw-la and_o the_o cynosure_n of_o all_o law_n for_o as_o augustine_n in_o illa_fw-la temporali_fw-la lâ—ge_a nihil_fw-la est_fw-la justum_fw-la ac_fw-la legitimum_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la ex_fw-la hac_fw-la aeteâ—na_fw-la homines_fw-la derivaverint_fw-la in_o this_o temporal_a law_n nothing_o be_v just_a and_o lawful_a that_o man_n have_v not_o derive_v from_o the_o law_n eternal_a and_o therefore_o do_v the_o author_n deduce_v his_o exordium_n from_o it_o because_o as_o sir_n edwa_n d_o â—oke_n it_o be_v causa_fw-la causarum_fw-la and_o that_o the_o common_a law_n be_v ground_v on_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o as_o the_o mirror_n of_o justice_n the_o common_a law_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o ancient_a usage_n warrant_v by_o scripture_n from_o hence_o be_v draw_v these_o ground_n and_o maxim_n 1._o summa_fw-la ratio_fw-la est_fw-la quae_fw-la pâ—o_fw-la religione_fw-la facit_fw-la reg._n l._n c._n coke_n l._n 5._o f._n 18_o a._n it_o be_v the_o chief_a reason_n which_o make_v for_o religion_n as_o in_o many_o case_n the_o king_n be_v bind_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n though_o he_o be_v not_o name_v in_o it_o nor_o bind_v by_o express_a word_n and_o therefore_o all_o statute_n which_o be_v make_v for_o suppress_v of_o wrong_n or_o to_o prevent_v the_o decay_n of_o religion_n shall_v bind_v the_o king_n though_o he_o be_v not_o name_v lor_fw-mi religion_n and_o justice_n be_v the_o sure_a supporter_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o diadem_n of_o king_n so_o the_o act_n of_o 1_o eliz._n which_o restrain_v ecclesiastical_a person_n from_o spoil_v and_o waste_v their_o possession_n which_o be_v give_v to_o maintain_v the_o service_n of_o god_n shall_v bind_v the_o king_n unless_o that_o special_a provision_n have_v be_v make_v to_o the_o contrary_a by_o the_o say_a act_n 2._o coke_n l._n 11._o f._n 70._o a._n b._n magdalen_n college_n case_n the_o master_n and_o fellow_n of_o magdalen_n college_n by_o indenture_n inrowl_v do_v grant_v to_o the_o queen_n a_o house_n pay_v fifteen_o pound_n rend_v yearly_a etc._n etc._n and_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o all_o the_o judge_n that_o the_o act_n of_o the_o 13._o eliz._n do_v extend_v to_o restrain_v they_o to_o convey_v the_o say_a house_n parcel_n of_o the_o say_a college_n to_o the_o queen_n though_o she_o be_v not_o in_o that_o express_o name_v because_o it_o be_v for_o the_o advancement_n of_o religion_n etc._n etc._n for_o out_o of_o those_o college_n the_o church_n be_v furnish_v with_o grave_n and_o reverend_a divine_n for_o the_o instruction_n of_o christian_n in_o the_o true_a religion_n which_o be_v a_o main_a pillar_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o if_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v exempt_v out_o of_o it_o the_o utter_a impoverishment_n of_o the_o successor_n and_o by_o consequence_n the_o decay_n of_o religion_n will_v ensue_v vide_fw-la 3._o coke_n l._n 2._o f._n 44._o b._n a_o lay_v man_n concern_v payment_n of_o tithe_n may_v prescribe_v in_o modo_fw-la decimandi_fw-la but_o not_o in_o non_fw-la decimando_fw-la because_o he_o be_v not_o but_o in_o special_a case_n capable_a of_o tithe_n by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o therefore_o without_o special_a matter_n show_v he_o shall_v not_o be_v intend_v to_o have_v a_o legal_a discharge_n and_o therefore_o in_o favour_n of_o religion_n and_o the_o church_n though_o he_o may_v have_v a_o legal_a beginning_n yet_o the_o law_n will_v not_o suffer_v such_o a_o prescription_n in_o this_o case_n nor_o put_v it_o upon_o the_o trial_n of_o the_o lie_v people_n who_o will_v rather_o strain_v their_o conscience_n for_o their_o own_o private_a gain_n and_o benefit_n then_o give_v the_o church_n its_o due_a and_o the_o law_n have_v great_a policy_n in_o it_o for_o the_o decay_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o church_n in_o the_o end_n will_v be_v the_o subversion_n of_o religion_n and_o the_o service_n of_o god_n etc._n etc._n vide_fw-la 4_o ecclesia_fw-la fungitur_fw-la vice_fw-la minoris_fw-la meliorem_fw-la facere_fw-la potest_fw-la conditionem_fw-la
manerium_fw-la and_o if_o there_o be_v two_o distinct_a manor_n then_o shall_v they_o be_v take_v in_o the_o plural_a number_n tota_fw-la illa_fw-la maneria_fw-la that_o the_o grant_n be_v not_o void_a and_o 32._o e._n 3._o a_o fine_a be_v levy_v de_fw-la maneriis_fw-la b._n and_o h._n and_o the_o conclusion_n be_v quare_fw-la praedictum_fw-la manerium_fw-la b._n and_o h._n ingressus_fw-la est_fw-la and_o good_a by_o averment_n that_o b._n and_o h._n be_v but_o one_o manor_n and_o though_o a_o writ_n shall_v abate_v for_o false_a latin_a because_o any_o one_o may_v purchase_v a_o new_a writ_n at_o his_o pleasure_n yet_o in_o a_o grant_v it_o shall_v not_o because_o he_o can_v purchase_v a_o new_a grant_n at_o his_o pleasure_n as_o 4._o h._n 6_o f._n 16._o the_o writ_n be_v henricus_fw-la dei_fw-la gratia_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la &_o do_v heberniae_fw-la whereas_o it_o shall_v have_v be_v dn_n and_o for_o it_o in_o congruity_n the_o writ_n do_v abate_v but_o in_o a_o deed_n that_o shall_v have_v be_v good_a enough_o and_o so_o in_o a_o fine_a 9_o e._n 3._o warranty_n be_v make_v in_o a_o fine_a eidem_fw-la galfrido_fw-la &_o uxori_fw-la suae_fw-la where_o that_o shall_v have_v be_v iisdem_fw-la and_o yet_o good_a vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la &_o co._n l._n 11._o f._n 3._o and_o coke_n come_v f._n 146._o ab_fw-la but_o because_o such_o exception_n do_v proper_o appertain_v to_o writ_n deed_n and_o fine_n which_o have_v heretofore_o be_v compose_v and_o levy_v in_o the_o latin_a tongue_n and_o that_o by_o the_o act_n of_o 9_o april_n 1651._o it_o be_v enact_v that_o all_o patent_n commission_n and_o all_o proceed_n whatsoever_o in_o any_o court_n of_o justice_n within_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o england_n and_o which_o concern_v the_o law_n and_o administration_n of_o justice_n be_v make_v and_o frame_v into_o the_o english_a tongue_n i_o will_v cease_v to_o heap_v more_o case_n upon_o this_o rule_n they_o be_v chief_o in_o use_n for_o preterite_n deed_n conveyance_n and_o proceed_n though_o not_o altogether_o useless_a in_o our_o english_a language_n for_o it_o also_o have_v its_o grammatical_a construction_n and_o sometime_o abreviation_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v also_o in_o the_o above_o say_a act_n enact_v that_o mistranslation_n or_o variation_n in_o form_n by_o reason_n of_o translation_n or_o part_n of_o proceed_n already_o begin_v be_v in_o latin_a or_o part_n in_o english_a shall_v be_v no_o error_n or_o avoid_v any_o proceed_n by_o reason_n thereof_o sect._n 3_o the_o law_n have_v little_a relat_n ionto_fw-it rhetoric_n and_o be_v too_o strict_a a_o argumentative_a for_o that_o copious_a various_a and_o tropical_a art_n ornari_fw-la res_fw-la ipsa_fw-la negate_fw-la contenta_fw-la doceri_fw-la docti_fw-la doctum_fw-la genus_fw-la in_o doctorum_fw-la hominum_fw-la ad_fw-la doceberniam_fw-la vix_fw-la docti_fw-la but_o like_o rugged_a and_o knotty_a timber_n reject_v the_o rhetorical_a plain_a and_o outward_a ornament_n which_o move_v the_o critic_n erasmus_n to_o deride_v it_o and_o the_o civilian_n hottaman_a to_o despise_v it_o not_o apprehend_v the_o depth_n and_o profundity_n of_o it_o for_o the_o law_n as_o sir_n edward_n coke_n be_v a_o deep_a well_o out_o of_o which_o every_o one_o draw_v according_a to_o the_o strength_n of_o his_o understanding_n a._n cok._n come_v f._n 7.1_o a._n he_o which_o reach_v deep_a see_v the_o admirable_a secret_n of_o the_o law_n which_o though_o in_o the_o beginning_n it_o seem_v difficult_a yet_o when_o the_o student_n dive_v to_o the_o depth_n it_o be_v delightful_a and_o therefore_o as_o the_o same_o author_n in_o another_o place_n say_v the_o generous_a student_n a._n cok._n come_v f._n 5._o a._n ought_v not_o to_o be_v discourage_v when_o he_o meet_v with_o knotty_a case_n nescit_fw-la enim_fw-la generosa_fw-la mens_fw-la ignorantiam_fw-la pati_fw-la but_o will_v proceed_v on_o his_o read_n with_o alacrity_n to_o know_v how_o to_o work_v into_o with_o delight_n those_o ruff_n mine_n of_o hide_a treasure_n 235._o coke_n come_v f._n 235._o to_o which_o work_n as_o he_o also_o say_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o liberal_a art_n be_v requisite_a especial_o the_o art_n of_o logic_n to_o labour_n in_o that_o various_a and_o intricate_a labyrinth_n for_o it_o teach_v a_o man_n not_o only_o by_o just_a argument_n to_o conclude_v the_o matter_n in_o question_n but_o to_o discover_v between_o truth_n and_o falsehood_n and_o to_o use_v a_o good_a method_n and_o reasonable_o to_o speak_v to_o any_o question_n for_o it_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o ars_fw-la rationandi_fw-la the_o act_n of_o reason_v h._n coke_n come_v f._n 344._o h._n and_o then_o we_o be_v say_v to_o know_v the_o law_n when_o we_o apprehend_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o law_n from_o whence_o arise_v these_o ground_n and_o maxim_n and_o first_o from_o notation_n which_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o all_o writer_n appertain_v to_o logic_n notationes_fw-la sunt_fw-la quasi_fw-la verae_fw-la rerum_fw-la notae_fw-la fons_n log_n and_o bracton_n l._n 4._o c._n 20._o ideo_fw-la imposita_fw-la sunt_fw-la nomina_fw-la ut_fw-la demonstrent_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la dicentis_fw-la &_o utimur_fw-la notis_fw-la vocis_fw-la ministerio_fw-la notation_n be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o true_a note_n of_o thing_n sore_o therefore_o be_v they_o impose_v that_o they_o may_v demonstrate_v the_o will_n of_o the_o speaker_n and_o we_o use_v they_o as_o note_n in_o the_o ministry_n of_o our_o language_n as_o socage_n be_v servitium_fw-la socae_fw-la i.e._n carucae_fw-la the_o service_n of_o the_o blow_n because_o that_o the_o word_n soca_fw-mi be_v use_v for_o the_o blow_n and_o the_o name_n of_o the_o court_n of_o pypowder_n be_v derive_v from_o the_o dusty_a foot_n of_o the_o comer_n market_n and_o fair_n be_v most_o frequent_v in_o summer_n lam._n arch._n so_o religious_a house_n be_v call_v monasteria_fw-la of_o the_o solitary_a life_n therein_o lead_v which_o in_o latter_a day_n be_v nothing_o less_o quia_fw-la as_o one_o pleraque_fw-la monasteria_fw-la nihil_fw-la minus_fw-la sunt_fw-la quam_fw-la solitudines_fw-la dod._n so_o the_o feudist_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n deduce_v homagium_fw-la from_o hominium_fw-la for_o by_o that_o name_n he_o do_v profess_v himself_o his_o man_n and_o client_n and_o such_o notation_n and_o etymology_n be_v not_o to_o be_v wrest_v but_o must_v be_v answerable_a to_o the_o sound_n of_o the_o word_n and_o apply_v to_o the_o sense_n of_o which_o it_o be_v say_v by_o coke_n come_v f._n 68_o b._n that_o the_o right_a interpretation_n and_o etymology_n of_o word_n be_v necessary_a which_o not_o only_o demonstrate_v their_o native_a conception_n but_o from_o they_o often_o produce_v argument_n which_o be_v frequent_a among_o the_o civilian_n as_o well_o as_o by_o the_o common_a lawyer_n as_o cicero_n argue_v for_o opimius_n than_o consul_n use_v this_o notation_n si_fw-fr consul_n est_fw-la qui_fw-la consulit_fw-la patria_fw-la quid_fw-la alius_fw-la est_fw-la opimius_n &_o ployden_n 343_o b._n testamentum_fw-la est_fw-la testatio_fw-la mentis_fw-la for_o of_o those_o two_o word_n be_v it_o compound_v and_o there_o be_v no_o other_o testation_n of_o the_o testator_n mind_n here_o but_o for_o the_o twelve_o acre_n in_o rigdens_n case_n so_o cok_n l._n 8._o 37._o a._n a_o barrator_n be_v derive_v of_o two_o legal_a word_n bar_v which_o signify_v the_o bar_n in_o court_n where_o cause_n be_v debate_v and_o retium_fw-la which_o signify_v a_o crime_n and_o offence_n because_o a_o common_a barrator_n be_v chief_o a_o offendor_n in_o move_v and_o maintain_v of_o quarrel_n at_o bar_n in_o court_n and_o coke_n l._n 10._o f._n 128._o a._n reditus_fw-la dicitur_fw-la a_o reddendo_fw-la quia_fw-la retro_fw-la it_o to_o wit_n to_o the_o lessor_n or_o donor_n and_o that_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o the_o rent_n so_o reserve_v be_v not_o due_a before_o the_o day_n of_o payment_n because_o it_o be_v to_o be_v render_v and_o restore_v of_o the_o issue_n and_o profit_n vide_fw-la yet_o as_o doderidge_n such_o argument_n be_v not_o to_o be_v use_v at_o all_o time_n and_o occasion_n but_o when_o necessity_n require_v the_o same_o or_o apt_a consequence_n do_v offer_v a_o fit_a occasion_n or_o rather_o as_o coke_n l._n 7._o f._n 27._o b._n calvin_n case_n argument_n draw_v from_o etymologys_n be_v too_o weak_a or_o too_o light_a for_o judge_n to_o build_v there_o judgement_n on_o yet_o when_o they_o agree_v with_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o law_n judge_n may_v use_v they_o for_o ornament_n from_o the_o predicable_a generale_fw-mi nihil_fw-la ponit_fw-la generale_fw-mi nihil_fw-la certum_fw-la implicat_fw-la cok._n l._n 2._o f._n 33.34_o in_o doddingtons_n case_n a_o generality_n determine_v nothing_o and_o a_o generality_n impli_v no_o certainty_n as_o if_o a_o common_a person_n be_v bind_v to_o devise_v or_o grant_v all_o his_o land_n which_o he_o have_v within_o the_o tenure_n of_o i._o b._n in_o w._n the_o obligor_fw-la may_v say_v that_o he_o have_v no_o land_n there_o for_o
general_a word_n imply_v no_o certainty_n and_o with_o that_o accord_v 21._o e._n 4._o if_o a_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o be_v nonsue_v in_o all_o action_n that_o he_o have_v against_o he_o in_o the_o common_a bench_n he_o may_v say_v that_o he_o have_v no_o action_n therein_o otherwise_o if_o the_o condition_n be_v particular_a to_o wit_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v non-sued_n in_o a_o formedon_n etc._n etc._n so_o as_o that_o it_o appear_v that_o general_a word_n imply_v no_o certainty_n neither_o do_v they_o conclude_v any_o person_n to_o say_v that_o he_o have_v nothing_o there_o vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la cok._n lib._n 8.78_o a._n bospols_n case_n in_o a_o arbitrement_n when_o the_o submission_n be_v general_a of_o all_o action_n and_o demand_n etc._n etc._n that_o may_v well_o stand_v with_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o word_n that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o cause_n depend_v in_o controversy_n between_o they_o for_o general_a speech_n imply_v no_o certainty_n and_o the_o award_n for_o one_o be_v good_a notwithstanding_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o word_n for_o though_o there_o be_v many_o matter_n in_o controversy_n yet_o if_o one_o only_o be_v make_v know_v to_o the_o arbitrator_n he_o may_v make_v a_o award_n of_o it_o for_o the_o arbitrator_n be_v in_o place_n of_o a_o judge_n and_o his_o office_n be_v to_o determine_v secundum_fw-la alligata_fw-la &_o probata_fw-la &_o the_o duty_n of_o the_o party_n which_o be_v grieve_v and_o know_v their_o particular_a grief_n be_v to_o make_v know_v the_o cause_n of_o controversy_n to_o the_o arbitrator_n for_o they_o be_v privy_a to_o they_o and_o the_o arbitrator_n be_v a_o stranger_n and_o every_o one_o be_v to_o do_v that_o which_o lie_v in_o his_o knowledge_n but_o when_o the_o condition_n be_v in_o special_a and_o with_o a_o proviso_n and_o condition_n that_o a_o award_n shall_v be_v make_v of_o the_o premise_n or_o word_n which_o amount_v to_o so_o much_o there_o the_o arbitrator_n ought_v to_o make_v arbitrement_n of_o all_o or_o else_o the_o award_n be_v void_a generalibus_fw-la semper_fw-la specialia_fw-la derogant_fw-la reg._n f._n c._n derg_n 180._o quando_fw-la charta_fw-la continet_fw-la generalem_fw-la clausulam_fw-la posteaque_fw-la descenâ—it_fw-la ad_fw-la verba_fw-la specialia_fw-la quae_fw-la clausulae_fw-la generali_fw-la sunt_fw-la consentanea_fw-la interpretanda_fw-la est_fw-la charta_fw-la secundum_fw-la verba_fw-la specialia_fw-la f._n 134._o b._n in_o edward_n althams_n case_n which_o rule_n be_v almost_o word_n for_o word_n put_v and_o agree_v of_o by_o both_o party_n in._n 7._o e._n 3._o f._n 10._o margery_n mortimer_n case_n to_o wit_n where_o a_o deed_n speak_v by_o general_a word_n and_o then_o descend_v to_o special_a word_n if_o the_o word_n special_a agree_v with_o the_o word_n general_a the_o deed_n shall_v be_v understand_v according_a to_o the_o word_n special_a as_o if_o a_o man_n grant_v a_o rent_n in_o the_o manor_n of_o p._n to_o be_v take_v in_o a_o hundred_o acre_n of_o land_n parcel_n of_o that_o manor_n with_o a_o clause_n of_o distress_n in_o those_o hundred_o acre_n the_o rent_n shall_v issue_v out_o of_o the_o hundred_o acre_n only_o and_o the_o general_a word_n shall_v be_v construe_v according_a to_o the_o word_n special_a so_o if_o a_o man_n grant_v a_o rent_n and_o go_v no_o further_o those_o general_a word_n shall_v create_v a_o estate_n for_o life_n but_o if_o the_o habâ—ndum_fw-la be_v for_o year_n that_o shall_v qualify_v the_o word_n general_a 7._o e._n 3._o so_o if_o a_o man_n give_v land_n to_o one_o and_o his_o heir_n habendum_fw-la to_o he_o and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n he_o shall_v have_v only_o a_o estate_n tail_n and_o no_o fee_n expectant_a for_o the_o habendum_fw-la qualifi_v the_o general_a word_n precedent_n ployd_v f._n 541._o a._n a_o man_n make_v a_o feoffment_n by_o deed_n to_o one_o to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n and_o if_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o feoffee_n die_v without_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n that_o then_o the_o land_n shall_v revert_v the_o generality_n of_o that_o gift_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n shall_v be_v correct_v by_o the_o special_a branch_n after_o so_o as_o the_o donee_n shall_v have_v but_o a_o estate_n tail_n 13._o r._n 2._o in_o formedon_n dyer_n 261._o b._n a_o man_n seize_v in_o fee_n devise_v all_o his_o land_n in_o one_o village_n and_o in_o one_o of_o the_o two_o hamlet_n by_o name_n and_o there_o be_v two_o hamlet_n in_o the_o say_a village_n the_o opinion_n of_o divers_a justice_n be_v that_o none_o of_o the_o land_n in_o the_o other_o hamlet_n shall_v pass_v for_o it_o be_v intendable_a that_o the_o intent_n and_o meaning_n of_o the_o devisor_n be_v that_o nothing_o more_o shall_v pass_v than_o what_o he_o have_v express_v a._n acknowledge_v a_o fine_a of_o the_o manor_n of_o p._n with_o a_o advowson_n and_o regrant_o the_o manor_n with_o the_o appurtenance_n the_o advowson_n shall_v not_o pass_v temp._n e._n 1._o f._n title_n grant_v ployd_v 173._o b._n if_o i_o give_v or_o lease_v all_o my_o land_n to_o one_o and_o stay_v there_o he_o shall_v have_v all_o my_o land_n in_o england_n but_o if_o i_o say_v further_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o dale_n there_o it_o be_v now_o restrain_v but_o if_o the_o specialty_n limit_v a_o thing_n which_o be_v void_a and_o so_o appear_v it_o be_v otherwise_o as_o if_o i_o lease_n to_o one_o all_o my_o land_n in_o dale_n which_o i_o have_v by_o descent_n of_o the_o part_n of_o my_o mother_n and_o in_o truth_n i_o have_v no_o land_n in_o dale_n which_o i_o have_v by_o descent_n of_o the_o part_n of_o my_o mother_n if_o the_o lessor_n have_v other_o land_n in_o dale_n he_o shall_v not_o have_v those_o ployd_v 160._o a._n a_o man_n give_v land_n to_o two_o habendum_fw-la to_o one_o for_o life_n and_o after_o his_o decease_n to_o the_o other_o and_o his_o heir_n the_o one_o shall_v have_v the_o entire_o for_o his_o life_n only_o notwithstanding_o the_o jointure_n give_v in_o the_o premise_n by_o the_o better_a opinion_n in_o term_n m._n 8._o e_o 3.427_o generalibus_fw-la sempâ—r_fw-la specialia_fw-la insunt_fw-la reg._n f._n c._n special_n be_v always_o contain_v in_o the_o general_n and_o the_o universall_n always_o comprehend_v the_o particularâ—_n ployd_v f._n 68_o a._n the_o plural_a number_n contain_v the_o singular_a and_o more_o and_o therefore_o be_v it_o resolve_v by_o all_o the_o judge_n that_o a_o pretence_a right_a and_o title_n be_v within_o the_o penalty_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 32._o h._n 8._o for_o the_o buy_n of_o pretence_a right_n and_o title_n for_o pretence_a right_n and_o title_n in_o the_o plural_a number_n do_v contain_v a_o pretence_a right_a and_o title_n in_o the_o singular_a number_n and_o whereas_o the_o statute_n of_o 5_o r._n 2._o c._n 5._o forbid_v that_o none_o make_v entry_n into_o any_o land_n or_o tenement_n unless_o in_o case_n where_o entry_n be_v give_v by_o the_o law_n yet_o if_o one_o enter_v into_o a_o tenement_n he_o shall_v be_v punish_v though_o the_o statute_n speak_v in_o the_o plural_a number_n and_o likewise_o whereas_o the_o statute_n of_o 1._o h._n 5._o speak_v of_o false_a deed_n in_o the_o plural_a number_n yet_o if_o one_o bring_v but_o one_o false_a deed_n he_o shall_v be_v punish_v by_o the_o statute_n as_o it_o be_v hold_v in_o many_o book_n ployd_v f._n 467._o b._n the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n give_v a_o action_n of_o waste_n against_o he_o which_o hold_v for_o year_n which_o be_v speak_v in_o the_o plural_a number_n yet_o may_v it_o be_v take_v for_o he_o which_o hold_v for_o a_o year_n or_o half_o a_o year_n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la generalis_fw-la clausula_fw-la non_fw-la porrigitur_fw-la ad_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la sunt_fw-la specialiter_fw-la comprehenfa_fw-la coke_n l._n 8._o 118._o b._n it_o be_v a_o ground_n and_o maxim_n in_o the_o law_n that_o a_o general_a clause_n be_v not_o extend_v to_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v special_o comprehend_v doctor_n bonham_n case_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 10_o &_o 14._o h._n 8._o it_o be_v enactd_a that_o no_o man_n shall_v exercise_v the_o faculty_n of_o physic_n within_o the_o city_n of_o london_n or_o within_o seven_o mile_n of_o the_o say_a city_n unless_o he_o be_v admit_v thereunto_o by_o the_o precedent_n and_o college_n of_o the_o faculty_n of_o physic_n and_o there_o be_v another_o special_a clause_n contain_v in_o the_o say_a act_n that_o any_o who_o evil_o and_o not_o well_o exercise_v the_o say_a faculty_n etc._n etc._n shall_v be_v punish_v by_o fine_a and_o imprisonment_n etc._n etc._n and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o the_o say_v general_a clause_n that_o none_o shall_v exercise_v the_o say_a faculty_n of_o physic_n unless_o he_o be_v admit_v &c_n &c_n shall_v not_o be_v extend_v to_o the_o special_a clause_n
for_o the_o punishment_n of_o fine_a and_o imprisonment_n etc._n etc._n but_o that_o it_o special_o shall_v be_v limit_v to_o such_o only_a as_o do_v offend_v only_o in_o not_o well_o execute_v and_o use_v the_o say_a faculty_n of_o physic_n for_o a_o general_a clâ—â—â—â—_n be_v not_o to_o be_v extend_v to_o those_o thing_n be_v special_o comprehend_v so_o 34._o eliz._n f._n 120._o ubi_fw-la a._n seize_v of_o the_o manor_n of_o stable_a in_o o._n in_o the_o county_n of_o s_n in_o fee_n and_o also_o of_o other_o land_n in_o the_o say_v o._n in_o fee_n suffer_v a_o common_a recovery_n of_o all_o and_o declare_v the_o use_n by_o indenture_n that_o the_o recoveror_n shall_v stand_v seize_v of_o all_o the_o land_n and_o tenement_n in_o o._n to_o the_o use_n of_o he_o and_o his_o wife_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n and_o die_v and_o after_o his_o death_n the_o wife_n enter_v into_o the_o say_a manor_n by_o form_n of_o the_o say_v general_a word_n but_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o those_o general_a wordâ—_n do_v not_o extend_v to_o the_o manor_n which_o be_v special_o name_v coke_n l._n 4._o f._n 8â—_n b._n nokes_n case_n clausula_fw-la generalis_fw-la non_fw-la refertur_fw-la ad_fw-la expressa_fw-la a_o general_a clause_n be_v not_o refer_v to_o those_o thing_n be_v express_v as_o where_o the_o assignee_n of_o a_o lease_n shall_v have_v a_o writ_n of_o covenant_n upon_o those_o word_n demise_n and_o grant_v yet_o if_o there_o be_v a_o express_a covenant_n that_o the_o lessee_n shall_v enjoy_v it_o without_o eviction_n of_o the_o lessor_n or_o any_o claim_n under_o he_o this_o express_a covenant_n qualifi_v the_o generality_n of_o the_o covenant_n in_o law_n and_o restrain_v it_o by_o mutual_a consent_n of_o both_o party_n that_o it_o shall_v not_o extend_v to_o the_o assignee_n clausula_n generalis_fw-la non_fw-la porrigitur_fw-la ad_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la antea_fw-la sunt_fw-la specialiter_fw-la comprehensa_fw-la coke_n l._n 4_o 131._o l._n 4._o when_o the_o deed_n at_o the_o first_o contain_v special_a word_n and_o then_o conclude_v in_o word_n general_a both_o the_o word_n as_o well_o general_a as_o special_a shall_v stand_v as_o land_n give_v to_o one_o and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n habendum_fw-la to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n he_o have_v a_o estate_n tail_n and_o a_o fee_n simple_a expectant_a for_o as_o dier_n f._n 56._o b_o a_o deed_n by_o word_n subsequent_a may_v be_v qualify_v and_o abridge_v but_o not_o destroy_v dolosus_fw-la versatur_fw-la in_o universalibus_fw-la &_o generalibus_fw-la coke_n l._n 3._o f._n 8._o a._n twin_n case_n it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o ensign_n of_o fraud_n in_o a_o deed_n of_o gift_n if_o the_o gift_n be_v general_a without_o the_o exception_n of_o his_o apparel_n or_o any_o thing_n of_o necessity_n for_o it_o be_v common_o say_v that_o the_o fraudulent_a be_v conversant_a in_o general_n coke_n l._n 3._o f._n 57_o b._n specots_n case_n a_o bishop_n ought_v not_o to_o show_v a_o general_a cause_n for_o the_o refusal_n of_o a_o clerk_n as_o that_o he_o be_v criminosus_fw-la or_o non_fw-la idoneus_fw-la for_o they_o be_v too_o general_a and_o the_o fraudulent_a be_v exercise_v in_o general_n and_o therefore_o so_o incertain_a that_o no_o issue_n can_v be_v take_v of_o they_o as_o 2._o e._n 3._o f._n 6._o the_o heir_n ought_v to_o allege_v some_o certain_a cause_n of_o refusal_n whence_o issue_n may_v be_v take_v generalia_fw-la sunt_fw-la praeponenda_fw-la singularibus_fw-la it_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o the_o register_n that_o in_o a_o writ_n the_o general_n shall_v be_v put_v in_o demand_n or_o plaint_n before_o the_o special_a as_o the_o mesuage_n before_o land_n the_o land_n before_o meadow_n meadow_n before_o pasture_n and_o pasture_n before_o wood_n and_o wood_n before_o juncary_n f._n a._n b._n f._n 2._o e._n exit_fw-la verbo_fw-la generali_fw-la aliquid_fw-la excipitur_fw-la coke_n come_v f._n 47._o a._n a_o exception_n be_v part_n of_o the_o thing_n grant_v and_o in_o esse_fw-la as_o exceptis_fw-la salvo_fw-la praeter_fw-la and_o out_o of_o a_o general_a a_o part_n may_v be_v except_v as_o out_o of_o a_o manor_n a_o acre_n but_o not_o a_o part_n out_o of_o a_o certainty_n as_o out_o of_o 20_o acre_n one_o ployd_v f._n 361._o a._n a_o lease_n of_o all_o my_o land_n in_o d._n except_o white_a acre_n be_v void_a for_o white_a acre_n and_o a_o gift_n of_o all_o my_o horse_n except_o my_o black_a horse_n be_v void_a for_o my_o black_a horse_n coke_n l._n 10._o f._n 101._o b._n quando_fw-la verba_fw-la statuti_fw-la sunt_fw-la specialia_fw-la ratio_fw-la autem_fw-la generalis_fw-la generaliter_fw-la flatutum_fw-la est_fw-la intelligendum_fw-la where_o the_o word_n of_o a_o statute_n be_v special_a and_o the_o reason_n general_a the_o statute_n be_v general_o to_o be_v understand_v as_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 23_o h._n 6._o whereby_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o no_o sheriff_n shall_v take_v any_o obligation_n by_o colour_n of_o their_o office_n but_o only_o to_o themselves_o and_o upon_o condition_n that_o the_o prisoner_n appear_v at_o the_o day_n contain_v in_o the_o writ_n be_v for_o the_o avoid_n of_o extortion_n and_o oppression_n and_o therefore_o be_v to_o receive_v a_o benign_a and_o favourable_a construction_n and_o that_o in_o equity_n not_o only_o a_o bond_n but_o a_o assumpsit_fw-la be_v within_o the_o reason_n of_o that_o statute_n and_o so_o be_v it_o adjudge_v 27._o eliz._n trin._n in_o the_o king_n bench_n between_o danhigh_n and_o hothcot_n that_o if_o a_o sheriff_n or_o gaoler_n for_o ease_n or_o enlargement_n of_o any_o who_o be_v in_o his_o custody_n do_v take_v a_o promise_n of_o he_o to_o save_v he_o harmless_a that_o though_o the_o statute_n do_v only_o speak_v of_o a_o obligation_n yet_o it_o be_v in_o equal_a mischief_n otherwise_o as_o wray_n chief_a justice_n say_v the_o statute_n shall_v serve_v for_o little_a or_o nothing_o multa_fw-la transeunt_fw-la cum_fw-la universitate_fw-la quae_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la non_fw-la transeunt_fw-la coke_n come_v f._n 142._o a._n if_o a_o man_n seize_v of_o land_n as_o heir_n of_o the_o part_n of_o his_o mother_n make_v a_o gift_n in_o tail_n or_o a_o lease_n for_o life_n reserve_v a_o rent_n the_o heir_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o mother_n shall_v have_v the_o reversion_n and_o the_o rent_n also_o as_o incident_a thereunto_o for_o many_o thing_n pass_v with_o the_o generality_n which_o by_o themselves_o do_v not_o pass_v so_o if_o a_o man_n have_v a_o rentseck_a of_o the_o part_n of_o his_o mother_n and_o the_o tenant_n of_o the_o land_n grant_v a_o distress_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n and_o the_o grantee_n die_v the_o distress_n shall_v go_v with_o the_o rent_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o part_n of_o the_o mother_n as_o incident_a and_o appertenant_a to_o the_o rent_n for_o now_o be_v the_o rentseck_a become_v a_o rend_a charge_n singular_a distributive_a sumptum_fw-la e_fw-la aquat_fw-la plurali_fw-la dier_n 328._o b._n a_o singular_a distributive_o take_v equal_v a_o plural_a as_o in_o a_o assize_n the_o plaint_n be_v of_o two_o acre_n of_o land_n the_o tenant_n plead_v two_o bar_n several_a for_o the_o two_o acre_n at_o large_a and_o the_o plaintiff_n make_v two_o several_a title_n at_o large_a to_o wit_n for_o every_o acre_n one_o the_o tenant_n plead_v let_v the_o assize_n come_v upon_o the_o title_n in_o the_o singular_a number_n and_o the_o assize_n find_v one_o title_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o the_o other_o for_o the_o defendant_n against_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o judgement_n be_v give_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n shall_v recover_v for_o one_o acre_n and_o be_v bar_v for_o the_o other_o coke_n l._n 10._o br._n lifiels_n case_n a_o lease_n be_v for_o one_o year_n and_o that_o if_o they_o agree_v the_o lessee_n shall_v have_v the_o land_n for_o three_o year_n render_v during_o the_o say_a term_n ten_o pound_n yearly_a this_o reservation_n go_v to_o both_o term_n propria_fw-la res_fw-la est_fw-la quae_fw-la solius_fw-la est_fw-la sive_fw-la uni_fw-la soli_fw-la convenit_fw-la tholoss_n syntag._n lib._n 5._o c._n 1._o a_o propriety_n be_v that_o which_o be_v one_o man_n only_a and_o appertain_v only_o to_o one_o man_n ploid_v f._n 308._o b_o god_n make_v man_n the_o sovereign_n over_o all_o live_a creature_n and_o give_v the_o rule_n of_o they_o all_o to_o man_n terram_fw-la dâ—dit_fw-la filiis_fw-la hominum_fw-la and_o so_o man_n by_o the_o endowment_n of_o god_n be_v make_v lord_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o possessor_n of_o all_o thing_n in_o the_o earth_n but_o how_o much_o land_n or_o thing_n upon_o the_o earth_n one_o man_n shall_v have_v and_o how_o much_o another_o god_n have_v lease_v to_o man_n by_o law_n by_o they_o to_o be_v make_v and_o provide_v and_o by_o such_o law_n in_o every_o realm_n and_o country_n they_o be_v provide_v and_o divide_v and_o every_o man_n
hold_v his_o land_n and_o thing_n by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n wherein_o he_o live_v and_o this_o common_o call_v the_o law_n of_o proeprty_n nihil_fw-la that_o quod_fw-la non_fw-la habet_fw-la arist_n nemo_fw-la potest_fw-la plus_fw-la juris_fw-la in_o alium_fw-la transfer_v quam_fw-la ipse_fw-la habet_fw-la coke_n come_v f._n 309._o b_o it_o be_v a_o common_a erudition_n in_o the_o law_n that_o no_o man_n can_v grant_v that_o he_o have_v not_o perkins_n f_o 15._o for_o that_o be_v requisite_a that_o he_o who_o by_o his_o contract_n shall_v make_v another_o possessor_n of_o any_o thing_n shall_v be_v the_o proprietor_n of_o the_o thing_n itself_o otherwise_o his_o contract_n be_v void_a ployd_v f._n 432_o b._n as_o if_o i_o possess_v of_o a_o horse_n sell_v the_o horse_n upon_o condition_n to_o another_o that_o he_o pay_v to_o i_o at_o the_o feast_n of_o christmas_n forty_o shilling_n for_o it_o and_o before_o the_o say_a feast_n i_o sell_v the_o horse_n to_o another_o and_o after_o the_o feast_n the_o first_o vendee_fw-mi fail_v of_o payment_n by_o which_o i_o reseise_v the_o horse_n the_o second_o vendee_fw-mi shall_v not_o have_v the_o horse_n for_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o second_o contract_n i_o have_v neither_o interest_n nor_o property_n nor_o possession_n of_o the_o horse_n but_o only_o a_o condition_n which_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o make_v i_o able_a to_o contract_v for_o the_o property_n and_o possession_n therefore_o it_o be_v mere_o void_a ployden_n so_o if_o a_o man_n grant_v a_o rend_a charge_n out_o of_o the_o manor_n of_o dale_n and_o in_o truth_n he_o have_v nothing_o in_o the_o manor_n of_o dale_n and_o after_o purchase_v the_o manor_n of_o dale_n yet_o he_o shall_v hold_v it_o discharge_v perkins_n h._n 15._o so_o if_o one_o not_o seize_v of_o land_n make_v a_o lease_n to_o another_o it_o be_v a_o good_a plea_n for_o the_o lessee_n to_o say_v that_o the_o lessor_n have_v nothing_o in_o the_o tenement_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o lease_n litt._n and_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o be_v for_o that_o in_o every_o contract_n there_o must_v be_v quid_fw-la pro_fw-la quo_fw-la for_o contractus_fw-la est_fw-la quasi_fw-la actus_fw-la contra_fw-la actum_fw-la and_o therefore_o if_o the_o lessor_n have_v nothing_o in_o the_o land_n the_o lessee_n have_v not_o quid_fw-la pro_fw-la quo_fw-la nor_o any_o thing_n for_o which_o he_o shall_v pay_v his_o rent_n and_o in_o that_o case_n he_o may_v plead_v that_o the_o lessor_n non_fw-la dimisit_fw-la coke_n com._n ibidem_fw-la f._n 41._o b._n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la if_o the_o conusee_fw-fr of_o a_o fine_a before_o any_o attornement_n bargain_v and_o sell_v the_o signiory_n to_o another_o the_o bargainee_n shall_v not_o distrain_v because_o the_o grantor_n can_v not_o distrain_v for_o no_o man_n can_v transfer_v more_o right_a to_o another_o than_o he_o himself_o have_v coke_n com._n 309._o b._n coke_n l._n 6._o f._n 57_o b._n he_o that_o have_v no_o seisin_n in_o the_o land_n charge_v can_v give_v seisin_n of_o rent_n vide_fw-la plura_fw-la bredimans_n for_o no_o man_n can_v give_v that_o he_o have_v not_o the_o king_n pardon_v one_o for_o make_v a_o bridge_n this_o be_v only_o good_a for_o the_o fine_a and_o he_o must_v make_v up_o the_o bridge_n because_o the_o king_n subject_n have_v interest_n in_o it_o 37._o h._n 8.4_o dam_fw-la tua_fw-la dum_fw-la tua_fw-la sunt_fw-la post_fw-la mortem_fw-la tunc_fw-la tua_fw-la non_fw-la sunt_fw-la ployd_v 280._o a._n when_o one_o have_v property_n in_o good_n the_o property_n can_v be_v in_o he_o no_o long_o than_o he_o live_v for_o after_o his_o death_n the_o good_n belong_v unto_o another_o nemo_fw-la videtur_fw-la rem_fw-la amittere_fw-la cujus_fw-la propria_fw-la non_fw-la fuit_fw-la reg._n i._n c._n no_o man_n can_v loose_v that_o of_o which_o he_o have_v no_o property_n and_o therefore_o in_o a_o replevin_n if_o the_o defendant_n claim_v property_n the_o sheriff_n can_v proceed_v for_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o law_n the_o property_n ought_v to_o be_v try_v by_o writ_n and_o therefore_o in_o this_o case_n where_o the_o trial_n be_v by_o plaint_n the_o plaintiff_n may_v have_v a_o writ_n de_fw-fr proprietate_fw-la probanda_fw-la direct_v to_o the_o sheriff_n to_o try_v the_o property_n and_o if_o thereupon_o it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n the_o sheriff_n shall_v make_v deliverance_n coke_n com._n f._n 145._o b._n f._n n._n b._n f._n 77._o if_o a._n endict_v b._n for_o steal_v of_o horse_n or_o other_o good_n he_o must_v say_v de_fw-la bonis_fw-la &_o catallis_fw-la cujusdam_fw-la a._n for_o if_o there_o be_v no_o property_n there_o can_v be_v no_o steal_v or_o injury_n for_o nemini_fw-la vim_o facere_fw-la videtur_fw-la qui_fw-la svo_fw-la &_o non_fw-la alieno_fw-la utitur_fw-la reg._n i._o c._n nemo_fw-la reditum_fw-la invito_fw-la domino_fw-la percipere_fw-la &_o possidere_fw-la potest_fw-la coke_n com._n 303._o b._n no_o man_n can_v receive_v or_o possess_v another_o man_n rent_n against_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n as_o if_o one_o hold_v of_o i_o by_o rent_n which_o be_v service_n engross_v and_o another_o which_o have_v no_o right_a claim_v the_o rent_n and_o receive_v it_o of_o my_o tenant_n by_o coercion_n of_o distress_n or_o otherwise_o yet_o by_o the_o payment_n of_o my_o rent_n to_o a_o stranger_n i_o can_v be_v disseise_v or_o oust_v without_o my_o will_n or_o election_n but_o that_o i_o may_v distrain_v my_o tenant_n for_o the_o rent_n or_o have_v a_o assize_n against_o the_o pernor_n lit._n for_o a_o man_n can_v be_v disseise_v of_o a_o a_o rent-service_n in_o gross_a rent-charge_n or_o rentseck_a by_o attornment_n or_o payment_n of_o rent_n to_o a_o stranger_n but_o at_o his_o election_n for_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o law_n be_v no_o man_n can_v receive_v or_o possess_v a_o other_o man_n rent_n against_o his_o will_n coke_n ibidem_fw-la quod_fw-la meum_fw-la est_fw-la id_fw-la amplius_fw-la meum_fw-la esse_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la coke_n com._n f._n 49._o b._n and_o therefore_o if_o lessee_n for_o year_n enter_v he_o be_v in_o actual_a possession_n and_o then_o livery_n can_v e_z make_v to_o he_o that_o be_v in_o actual_a possession_n whereby_o the_o franketenement_n or_o fee_n may_v inure_v to_o he_o in_o the_o remainder_n for_o that_o which_o be_v once_o i_o can_v be_v more_o mine_n ibidem_fw-la three_o from_o the_o anteprecedent_n aequivocum_fw-la and_o univocum_fw-la aequivocum_fw-la denote_v word_n of_o ambiguous_a and_o many_o signification_n which_o as_o boetius_fw-la signify_v nothing_o nisi_fw-la ad_fw-la quasque_fw-la res_fw-la secundum_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la significantis_fw-la applicetur_fw-la unless_o they_o be_v apply_v to_o the_o thing_n according_a to_o the_o will_n of_o he_o that_o declare_v or_o expound_v they_o of_o which_o the_o law_n take_v notice_n and_o give_v these_o ground_n and_o maxim_n nobiliores_fw-la &_o benigniores_fw-la presumptiones_fw-la in_o dubijs_fw-la sunt_fw-la praeferendae_fw-la reg._n p._n c._n and_o coke_n l._n 4._o f._n 13._o b._n benignior_fw-la sententia_fw-la in_o rebus_fw-la generalibus_fw-la &_o dubijs_fw-la est_fw-la praeferenda_fw-la in_o doubtful_a speech_n and_o sentence_n the_o more_o favourable_a presumption_n and_o opinion_n be_v to_o be_v perfer_v as_o if_o one_o do_v charge_v another_o that_o he_o have_v forswear_v himself_o by_o the_o law_n it_o be_v not_o actionable_a for_o it_o may_v be_v he_o have_v forswear_v himself_o in_o usual_a conversation_n but_o a_o action_n be_v only_o maintainable_a against_o he_o that_o have_v forswear_v himself_o in_o court_n of_o record_n so_o ibidem_fw-la f._n 21._o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n be_v bring_v for_o these_o word_n for_o my_o land_n in_o dallinson_n they_o seek_v my_o life_n adjudge_v not_o actionable_a because_o he_o may_v seek_v his_o life_n upon_o just_a cause_n which_o be_v the_o more_o favourable_a construction_n so_o verba_fw-la accipienda_fw-la sunt_fw-la in_o meliori_fw-la sensu_fw-la hub._n f._n 106._o 13._o coke_n l._n 4._o f._n 13._o word_n be_v to_o be_v take_v at_o the_o best_a for_o the_o speaker_n though_o some_o of_o they_o can_v stand_v with_o that_o construction_n as_o thou_o be_v a_o thief_n and_o have_v steal_v a_o tree_n it_o shall_v be_v adjudge_v of_o a_o tree_n stand_v not_o fell_v which_o be_v not_o actionable_a but_o as_o it_o be_v say_v there_o in_o hubberd_n 106._o this_o rule_n hold_v not_o in_o deed_n and_o plea_n for_o in_o those_o word_n be_v take_v more_o strong_o against_o the_o speaker_n of_o which_o this_o reason_n may_v be_v give_v because_o common_o word_n in_o common_a language_n proceed_v of_o a_o sudden_a from_o choler_n and_o heat_n whereas_o word_n in_o deed_n and_o plea_n be_v ground_v upon_o mature_a deliberation_n and_o consideration_n and_o therefore_o in_o deed_n this_o be_v a_o general_a ground_n ambiguum_fw-la pactum_fw-la contra_fw-la venditorem_fw-la interpretandum_fw-la est_fw-la reg._n i._o c._n and_o ambigua_fw-la verba_fw-la contra_fw-la
part_n of_o my_o father_n but_o otherwise_o the_o release_n be_v good_a without_o any_o averrment_n for_o the_o thing_n be_v certain_o express_v by_o the_o first_o woâ—ds_n in_o which_o case_n other_o word_n be_v needless_a and_o superfluous_a and_o in_o vain_a be_v it_o to_o express_v that_o by_o more_o word_n which_o may_v be_v express_v by_o few_o and_o 30._o ass_n pl._n 8._o land_n give_v to_o two_o &_o uni_fw-la eorum_fw-la diutius_fw-la viventi_fw-la and_o to_o the_o long_a liver_n of_o they_o they_o make_v partition_n and_o one_o of_o they_o die_v the_o lessor_n shall_v have_v again_o the_o moiety_n of_o he_o that_o die_v for_o uni_fw-la eorum_fw-la diutius_fw-la viventi_fw-la be_v but_o idle_a word_n omnis_fw-la propositio_fw-la est_fw-la aut_fw-la verae_fw-la aut_fw-la falsa_fw-la every_o proposition_n be_v either_o true_a or_o false_a truth_n as_o it_o be_v a_o congruity_n of_o a_o entity_n with_o the_o intellect_n instrumental_o appertain_v to_o logic_n because_o it_o direct_v the_o mind_n to_o apprehend_v the_o truth_n of_o thing_n and_o be_v opposite_a to_o falsity_n contradictory_n especial_o in_o proposition_n for_o all_o proposition_n be_v either_o true_a or_o false_a quae_fw-la ad_fw-la idem_fw-la secundum_fw-la idem_fw-la similiter_fw-la &_o eodem_fw-la tempore_fw-la nunquam_fw-la possunâ—_n simul_fw-la esse_fw-la verae_fw-la which_o to_o the_o same_o according_a to_o the_o same_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o in_o the_o same_o time_n never_o can_v be_v both_o true_a fucatus_fw-la erroâ—â—uda_fw-la veritate_fw-la in_o multis_fw-la est_fw-la prohabilior_fw-la &_o sepenumero_fw-la multis_fw-la rationibus_fw-la vertiatem_fw-la vincit_fw-la arist_n coke_n l._n 2._o f._n 72._o paint_a error_n in_o many_o thing_n seem_v more_o probable_a than_o truth_n and_o oftentimes_o with_o many_o reason_n overcome_v the_o truth_n therefore_o have_v the_o law_n a_o great_a respect_n to_o verity_n and_o require_v that_o it_o be_v acknowledge_v and_o confess_v in_o all_o action_n under_o the_o penalty_n of_o a_o mercement_n and_o according_o if_o the_o tenant_n do_v not_o render_v the_o land_n to_o the_o demandant_n as_o he_o be_v command_v by_o the_o writ_n but_o persistâ—th_v in_o defence_n of_o it_o till_o judgement_n be_v give_v against_o he_o by_o the_o law_n he_o be_v to_o be_v amerce_v coke_n l._n 5._o f._n 49._o va_o gâ—ans_n case_n and_o therefore_o one_o of_o the_o chief_a thing_n which_o the_o law_n require_v in_o count_n be_v verity_n and_o if_o it_o appear_v to_o the_o court_n that_o falsity_n be_v utter_v in_o lieu_n of_o verity_n the_o party_n which_o show_v it_o have_v annoy_v and_o confound_v himself_o ployd_v f._n 84._o b._n and_o therefore_o if_o a_o man_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n for_o two_o payment_n at_o two_o day_n where_o one_o of_o they_o be_v not_o come_v by_o the_o show_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n himself_o he_o have_v by_o it_o abate_v his_o own_o writ_n because_o that_o he_o have_v show_v a_o falsity_n t._n 9_o h._n 7._o 3._o and_o so_o in_o our_o case_n he_o have_v ground_v his_o matter_n upon_o a_o statute_n by_o he_o recite_v where_o it_o appear_v judicial_o that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o statute_n make_v at_o that_o time_n and_o so_o he_o have_v abate_v his_o count_n by_o his_o own_o show_v ibidem_fw-la partridge_n case_n and_o sâ—_n p._n 20._o h._n 6._o f._n 30._o a_o writ_n of_o champerty_n be_v bring_v which_o be_v not_o warrant_v by_o any_o statute_n and_o there_o newton_n say_v that_o if_o the_o party_n can_v show_v unto_o they_o any_o statute_n by_o which_o it_o be_v warrant_v that_o they_o will_v award_v that_o the_o writ_n shall_v abate_v and_o therefore_o abundance_n and_o recite_v more_o than_o need_v shall_v many_o time_n hurt_v the_o party_n as_o t._n 20._o h._n 6._o f._n 42._o a_o man_n bring_v a_o writ_n for_o forge_v of_o false_a deed_n and_o the_o writ_n be_v diversa_fw-la facta_fw-la &_o munimenta_fw-la and_o he_o count_v but_o for_o one_o only_a and_o by_o the_o assent_n of_o all_o the_o justice_n it_o be_v award_v that_o the_o writ_n shall_v abate_v because_o the_o writ_n be_v for_o diverse_a deed_n and_o he_o count_v but_o for_o one_o vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la if_o the_o writ_n vary_v from_o the_o obligation_n or_o other_o specialty_n in_o name_n or_o surname_n or_o such_o like_a the_o writ_n shall_v abate_v 11._o e._n 4._o 2._o as_o in_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n for_o twenty_o pound_n and_o he_o declare_v but_o for_o ten_o pound_n both_o shall_v abate_v 8._o e._n 4._o 2._o a_o essoine_n or_o protection_n vary_v from_o the_o original_n write_v in_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o tenancy_n or_o the_o name_n of_o the_o party_n shall_v be_v quash_v 4._o ass_n pl._n 1._o 2._o h._n 6._o 3._o a_o chancellor_n servant_n bring_v a_o writ_n of_o privilege_n vary_v from_o the_o original_a writ_n as_o if_o the_o original_n be_v a_o writ_n of_o trespass_n and_o the_o privilege_n in_o a_o plea_n of_o debt_n or_o the_o original_n be_v in_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n of_o 44_o l._n and_o the_o writ_n in_o a_o plea_n of_o debt_n 42_o l._n it_o shall_v be_v disallow_v 7._o h._n 6._o 22._o lex_fw-la non_fw-la requirit_fw-la verificari_fw-la quod_fw-la apparet_fw-la curiae_fw-la coke_n l._n 9_o f._n 54._o b._n the_o law_n do_v not_o require_v that_o to_o be_v verify_v which_o appear_v to_o the_o court_n though_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v more_o precise_a in_o the_o form_n of_o plead_v then_o any_o other_o foreign_a law_n as_o well_o in_o count_n as_o bar_n wherein_o averrement_n and_o offer_n of_o proof_n be_v common_o conclude_v as_o in_o count_v the_o course_n of_o declaration_n be_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o every_o action_n to_o offer_v their_o witness_n and_o therefore_o the_o conclusion_n be_v always_o &_o inde_fw-la producit_fw-la sectam_fw-la which_o secta_fw-la or_o suit_n in_o law_n language_n be_v nothing_o but_o witness_n to_o prove_v his_o action_n as_o mr._n selden_n upon_o fortescue_n accurate_o observe_v c._n 21._o f._n 23._o and_o so_o also_o in_o bar_n the_o law_n do_v also_o require_v that_o all_o affirmative_a plead_n in_o defence_n to_o the_o intent_n the_o issue_n and_o point_n which_o come_v to_o be_v try_v may_v be_v evident_a and_o clear_a to_o the_o jury_n shall_v be_v aver_v that_o be_v a_o offâ—r_n make_v of_o proof_n yet_o quoth_v constat_fw-la clare_v non_fw-la debet_fw-la verificari_fw-la that_o which_o plain_o appear_v ought_v not_o to_o be_v verify_v coke_n l._n 9_o f._n 54._o b._n in_o baten_v case_n as_o if_o a_o infant_n bring_v a_o assize_n of_o mortdancester_n it_o be_v needless_a to_o aver_v that_o he_o be_v within_o the_o time_n of_o limitation_n for_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o infancy_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o 46._o e._n 3._o in_o trespass_n of_o take_v money_n it_o be_v needless_a to_o show_v the_o value_n because_o it_o appear_v vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la floyd_n f._n 87._o b._n it_o be_v plead_v that_o the_o lessee_n do_v surrender_v to_o the_o grantee_n of_o the_o reversion_n it_o be_v needless_a to_o plead_v a_o atturnment_n for_o a_o surrender_n be_v a_o atturnment_n and_o more_o h._n 13._o h._n 7._o 11._o by_o keble_n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la in_o partridge_n case_n et_fw-la manifesta_fw-la probatione_fw-la non_fw-la indigent_a coke_n l._n 7._o f._n 40._o a._n b._n m_o nife_v thing_n need_v no_o proof_n as_o if_o the_o father_n tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n enfeoff_v his_o son_n and_o heir_n apparent_a within_o age_n it_o need_v not_o to_o aver_v it_o to_o be_v collusion_n for_o it_o be_v apparent_a wimbich_n case_n ployd_v &_o 27._o h_o 8._o dacres_n case_n so_o if_o i_o covenant_n to_o stand_v seize_v to_o my_o wife_n son_n or_o cousin_n it_o be_v good_a to_o raise_v a_o use_n without_o express_a word_n of_o consideration_n for_o sufficient_a consideration_n and_o his_o fatherly_a love_n appear_v vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la non_fw-la refert_fw-la quid_fw-la ex_fw-la aequipollentibus_fw-la siâ—t_fw-la it_o be_v a_o rule_n of_o law_n and_o reason_n it_o matter_v not_o what_o be_v do_v by_o equipollent_a or_o word_n which_o amount_v to_o such_o a_o value_n coke_n l._n 5._o 122_o a_o long_v case_n it_o be_v a_o exception_n take_v to_o a_o enditement_n in_o that_o case_n that_o they_o give_v he_o unum_fw-la vulnus_fw-la mortale_fw-la one_o mortal_a wound_n whereas_o it_o shall_v have_v be_v plagam_fw-la one_o mortal_a stroke_n but_o it_o be_v disallow_v by_o the_o whole_a court_n and_o say_v that_o these_o word_n be_v synonimas_fw-la and_o signify_v the_o same_o though_o that_o plaga_fw-la be_v the_o most_o usual_a word_n in_o a_o enditement_n f._n 121._o vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la &_o coke_n l._n 5._o f._n 89_o a_o frost_n case_n a_o capias_fw-la vtlegatum_fw-la be_v bring_v to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n against_o b._n who_o be_v in_o custody_n of_o
laborne_n in_o his_o house_n be_v one_o of_o the_o sergeant_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n frost_n come_v to_o laborne_n with_o a_o warrant_n from_o the_o sheriff_n to_o arrest_v the_o say_v â—_o upon_o the_o capias_fw-la utlegatum_fw-la which_o he_o utter_o refuse_v but_o suffer_v he_o to_o go_v at_o large_a upon_o a_o action_n of_o the_o case_n bring_v against_o the_o sheriff_n suppose_v that_o the_o sheriff_n arrest_v he_o and_o suffer_v he_o to_o go_v at_o large_a the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o they_o do_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o go_v at_o large_a and_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o the_o verdict_n warrant_v well_o the_o count_n for_o in_o judgement_n of_o law_n the_o sheriff_n and_o his_o sergeant_n be_v word_n equipollent_a &_o amount_v to_o so_o much_o and_o be_v all_o one_o as_o if_o the_o sheriff_n have_v arrest_v the_o say_v b._n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la a_o writ_n be_v to_o the_o sheriff_n and_o he_o return_v virtute_fw-la praecepti_fw-la he_o have_v do_v well_o for_o it_o be_v equipollent_a virtute_fw-la brevis_fw-la 11._o h_o 6._o 16._o in_o a_o writ_n it_o be_v say_v quam_fw-la clamat_fw-la esse_fw-la jus_o this_o equipol_v with_o a_o fee-simple_n and_o therefore_o in_o the_o subsequent_a part_n of_o the_o writ_n if_o he_o instance_v in_o a_o lesser_a estate_n as_o ex_fw-la dono_fw-la for_o life_n the_o writ_n shall_v abare_a 39_o h._n 5._o 38._o upon_o a_o enditement_n for_o celebrate_v mass_n contra_fw-la formam_fw-la statuti_fw-la 1._o el_n i_o be_v hold_v that_o under_o this_o term_n minister_n a_o priest_n be_v include_v because_o a_o priest_n be_v bind_v to_o celebrate_v and_o minister_v the_o holy_a communion_n etc._n etc._n and_o also_o it_o be_v hold_v by_o all_o that_o the_o term_n clerk_n be_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v he_o a_o priest_n or_o a_o minister_n dyer_n f._n 203._o b._n coke_n l._n 5._o f._n 4._o b._n verus_n &_o antiquus_fw-la redituus_fw-la the_o true_a and_o ancient_a rent_n be_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o quality_n incident_a to_o it_o but_o of_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o rent_n for_o that_o be_v the_o effect_n and_o substance_n of_o the_o thing_n reserve_v as_o if_o the_o ancient_a reservation_n be_v of_o rent_n to_o be_v pay_v in_o gold_n and_o the_o novel_a reservation_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v in_o silver_n or_o if_o a_o quarter_n of_o corn_n be_v ancient_o reserve_v and_o now_o the_o lease_n be_v make_v render_v eight_o bushel_n of_o corn_n it_o be_v all_o one_o for_o the_o law_n respect_v not_o the_o form_n of_o word_n or_o their_o quality_n but_o the_o substance_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o matter_n &_o parum_fw-la differunt_fw-la qui_fw-la re_fw-mi concordant_a and_o they_o differ_v little_a which_o agree_v and_o equipoll_n in_o substance_n if_o one_o make_v his_o will_n and_o commit_v the_o administration_n to_o one_o by_o it_o he_o shall_v be_v executor_n because_o it_o be_v all_o one_o in_o substance_n 3._o h._n 6._o so_o by_o the_o grant_n of_o a_o church_n the_o advowson_n shall_v pass_v 7._o e._n 3._o 15._o one_o grant_v the_o nomination_n of_o a_o advowson_n habendum_fw-la the_o advowson_n the_o habendum_fw-la be_v good_a for_o it_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n so_o one_o grant_v the_o remainder_n whereas_o he_o have_v a_o reversion_n it_o be_v good_a enough_o to_o make_v the_o thing_n pass_v 6._o e._n 6._o ante_fw-la 134._o vide_fw-la ployd_v 157._o b._n if_o a_o man_n lease_n to_o one_o a_o acre_n of_o land_n for_o life_n reserve_v to_o himself_o the_o herbage_n the_o reservation_n be_v void_a because_o he_o have_v lease_v the_o same_o thing_n in_o substance_n and_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o land_n and_o the_o land_n itself_o be_v all_o one_o 38._o h_o 6._o 34._o word_n of_o substance_n and_o not_o usual_a be_v equivalent_a to_o word_n of_o substance_n and_o usual_a ployd_v 140._o b._n as_o if_o tenant_n for_o life_n and_o his_o lessor_n make_v a_o feoffment_n in_o fee_n it_o be_v the_o feoffment_n of_o the_o lessee_n for_o life_n and_o the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o lessor_n though_o there_o be_v not_o a_o word_n of_o a_o confirmation_n in_o it_o and_o if_o tenant_n for_o year_n and_o the_o lessor_n make_v a_o feoffment_n in_o fee_n it_o shall_v be_v the_o livery_n and_o feoffment_n of_o the_o lessor_n and_o the_o surrender_n of_o the_o lessee_n and_o yet_o there_o be_v not_o one_o word_n of_o surrender_n and_o if_o a_o commoner_n make_v a_o deed_n to_o the_o tenant_n of_o the_o land_n by_o which_o he_o renounce_v the_o common_a unto_o he_o it_o shall_v enure_v as_o a_o release_n because_o the_o word_n be_v equivalent_a to_o a_o release_n so_o if_o land_n be_v lease_v by_o indenture_n for_o year_n and_o covenant_n make_v to_o render_v and_o pay_v for_o the_o tenement_n such_o a_o sum_n it_o be_v all_o one_o as_o a_o reservation_n of_o a_o rent_n and_o if_o the_o lessor_n say_v i_o will_v have_v twenty_o pound_n rend_v and_o the_o lessee_n agree_v or_o if_o the_o lessee_n say_v i_o will_v give_v twenty_o shilling_n rend_v and_o the_o lessor_n agree_v it_o be_v a_o good_a reservation_n of_o a_o rent_n so_o if_o a_o man_n be_v bind_v by_o obligation_n to_o en_fw-fr feoff_n 1._o s._n and_o he_o make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n and_o a_o release_n in_o fee_n he_o have_v perform_v the_o condition_n because_o they_o be_v all_o one_o vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la yet_o word_n of_o art_n may_v not_o be_v supply_v by_o equivalent_a and_o equipollent_a word_n though_o they_o bear_v the_o same_o sense_n and_o substance_n as_o in_o a_o enditement_n of_o murder_n voluntary_a &_o ex_fw-la mulitia_fw-la praecogitata_fw-la interfecit_fw-la be_v not_o sufficient_a but_o the_o word_n murder_n avit_n must_v be_v so_o in_o a_o enditement_n quod_fw-la quoddam_fw-la tormentum_fw-la in_o h._n l._n exoneravit_fw-la dans_fw-fr eidem_fw-la h.l._n cum_fw-la pelletto_fw-it plumbeo_fw-la predicto_fw-la vulnus_fw-la mortale_fw-la dans_fw-fr ei_fw-la vulnus_fw-la mortale_fw-la etc._n etc._n be_v not_o sufficient_a but_o it_o shall_v have_v be_v percussit_fw-la which_o be_v the_o word_n of_o art_n coke_n l._n 5._o f._n 222._o b._n lunge_n case_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o be_v give_v by_o coke_n in_o his_o preface_n to_o littleton_n that_o word_n of_o art_n be_v so_o apt_a and_o significant_a to_o express_v the_o true_a sense_n of_o the_o law_n and_o so_o weave_v into_o the_o law_n themselves_o as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n impossible_a to_o change_v they_o neither_o aught_o legal_a term_n to_o be_v change_v sect_n 4._o from_o natural_a philosophy_n next_o to_o logic_n by_o who_o principle_n as_o by_o many_o hand_n we_o be_v conduct_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o law_n and_o other_o science_n natural_a philosophy_n be_v to_o be_v place_v which_o be_v the_o prime_n and_o principal_a part_n of_o other_o science_n for_o by_o the_o knowledge_n of_o natural_a thing_n we_o be_v instruct_v to_o observe_v the_o diversity_n of_o the_o action_n and_o manner_n of_o man_n according_a to_o the_o difference_n of_o climate_n and_o various_a condition_n of_o they_o of_o which_o any_o one_o ignorant_a will_v be_v altogether_o unable_a to_o judge_v of_o civil_a and_o aeconomicall_a affair_n and_o therefore_o as_o mr_n ployden_n have_v the_o philosopher_n search_v so_o deep_o into_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n in_o their_o law_n and_o writing_n and_o for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o people_n by_o they_o give_v precept_n to_o follow_v the_o rule_n of_o nature_n and_o have_v take_v nature_n to_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o foundation_n to_o all_o law_n neither_o have_v the_o founder_n of_o our_o law_n be_v remiss_a in_o search_v out_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n neither_o be_v they_o void_a of_o the_o understanding_n of_o it_o for_o their_o law_n argue_v the_o contrary_a and_o show_v that_o those_o who_o make_v they_o be_v of_o more_o great_a and_o profound_a judgement_n and_o as_o well_o learned_a in_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o in_o all_o reason_n and_o in_o the_o law_n of_o god_n also_o for_o nothing_o in_o our_o law_n be_v ordain_v contrary_a to_o nature_n or_o contrary_a to_o reason_n or_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n but_o according_a to_o they_o all_o ployd_v 304._o a._n and_o b._n and_o according_a to_o it_o have_v the_o law_n establish_v diverse_a ground_n and_o maxim_n 1._o quae_fw-la rerum_fw-la natura_fw-la prohibentur_fw-la nulla_fw-la lege_fw-la confirmata_fw-la sunt_fw-la reg._n i._o c._n marcellus_n law_n which_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n lose_v their_o force_n and_o be_v no_o law_n at_o all_o finch_n nom._n f._n 75._o such_o be_v that_o of_o the_o egyptian_n to_o turn_v woman_n to_o merchandise_n and_o common_a wealth_n affair_n and_o man_n to_o keep_v within_o door_n and_o of_o the_o thracian_n who_o count_v idleness_n a_o honest_a thing_n and_o steal_v
to_o tender_v he_o the_o money_n and_o the_o other_o shift_v away_o to_o prevent_v he_o it_o seem_v in_o this_o case_n he_o shall_v be_v excuse_v because_o he_o have_v do_v his_o endeavour_n 8._o e._n 4._o 1._o by_o catesby_n one_o be_v indict_v quod_fw-la burglariter_fw-la fregit_fw-la &_o intravit_fw-la ecclesiam_fw-la nocte_fw-la ad_fw-la depraedandum_fw-la bona_fw-la parochianorum_fw-la in_o eadem_fw-la existentia_fw-la and_o good_a though_o he_o take_v nothing_o away_o for_o his_o will_n be_v to_o have_v take_v dier_n f._n 99_o and_o 58._o a_o man_n give_v a_o juror_n money_n to_o embrace_v he_o though_o the_o verdict_n pass_v against_o he_o he_o shall_v be_v punish_v for_o this_o 28._o h._n 6._o 12._o a_o man_n carry_v his_o sick_a father_n into_o a_o croft_a whereby_o he_o die_v it_o be_v felony_n a_o harlot_n hide_v her_o child_n with_o leaf_n in_o a_o thicket_n and_o a_o kite_n strike_v it_o and_o kill_v it_o it_o be_v felony_n a_o bull_n bear_v or_o dog_n accustom_v to_o do_v hurt_v of_o which_o the_o master_n and_o owner_n well_o know_v do_v not_o tie_v he_o up_o but_o suffer_v he_o to_o go_v at_o large_a and_o be_v so_o at_o large_a he_o kill_v a_o man_n this_o be_v hold_v by_o fitzherbert_n to_o be_v felony_n in_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o beast_n for_o thereby_o the_o owner_n seem_v to_o have_v a_o will_v to_o kill_v vide_fw-la wilson_n office_n of_o coroner_n f._n 11._o and_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n if_o a_o man_n be_v bite_v of_o another_o man_n dog_n the_o owner_n of_o the_o dog_n be_v chargeable_a unto_o he_o that_o be_v hurt_v because_o he_o do_v not_o tie_v up_o his_o dog_n and_o mussel_n he_o fulb._n pand._n f._n 76._o for_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n voluntatem_fw-la pro_fw-la facto_fw-la reputari_fw-la a_o wife_n after_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n be_v a_o copyholder_n come_v into_o the_o court_n and_o challenge_v she_o right_n of_o frank-bank_n and_o pray_v to_o be_v admit_v but_o the_o steward_n refuse_v to_o admit_v she_o yet_o be_v it_o adjudge_v a_o admittance_n in_o law_n so_o if_o a_o tenant_n alien_a and_o the_o feoffee_n tender_v his_o service_n and_o give_v a_o fine_a and_o the_o lord_n refuse_v the_o lord_n shall_v be_v compel_v to_o avow_v upon_o he_o and_o so_o continual_a claim_n amount_v to_o a_o entry_n hutton_n rep_v f._n 18._o and_o therefore_o the_o denial_n to_o do_v any_o thing_n be_v a_o breach_n of_o covenant_n as_o if_o a_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o do_v a_o act_n when_o i_o request_v he_o and_o i_o do_v request_n he_o and_o he_o will_v not_o do_v it_o he_o have_v forfeit_v his_o band_n 15._o e._n 4._o 21._o 34._o h._n 8._o 23._o exitus_fw-la plerumque_fw-la in_o maleficiis_fw-la spectatur_fw-la non_fw-la voluntas_fw-la the_o act_n and_o not_o the_o will_n in_o evil_a fact_n be_v respect_v and_o consider_v though_o in_o ancient_a time_n the_o will_n be_v so_o material_a in_o felonious_a attempt_n that_o it_o be_v take_v for_o the_o fact_n itself_o and_o so_o adjudge_v as_o one_o intend_v the_o death_n of_o another_o man_n wound_v he_o so_o grievous_o that_o he_o leave_v he_o for_o dead_a and_o afterward_o fly_v and_o the_o man_n wound_v revive_v it_o be_v then_o adjudge_v to_o be_v felony_n in_o so_o much_o as_o his_o will_n appear_v to_o have_v kill_v he_o 1._o e._n 3._o with_o which_o bractons_n say_v accord_v in_o maleficiis_fw-la spectatur_fw-la voluntas_fw-la &_o non_fw-la exitus_fw-la but_o this_o law_n be_v not_o now_o in_o force_n for_o he_o must_v be_v dead_a indeed_o before_o it_o be_v adjudge_v felony_n and_o though_o the_o will_v be_v want_v the_o evil_a deed_n be_v always_o censure_v for_o felony_n as_o if_o i_o hurt_v another_o only_o with_o a_o intention_n to_o beat_v he_o and_o he_o die_v it_o be_v felony_n so_o upon_o the_o malicious_a word_n of_o a_o woman_n two_o man_n fight_v and_o the_o one_o kill_v the_o other_o the_o woman_n in_o this_o case_n be_v arraign_v for_o the_o death_n of_o the_o slay_v man_n three_o man_n go_v together_o to_o diffame_v one_o and_o one_o of_o they_o kill_v a_o man_n the_o other_o two_o be_v principal_n though_o they_o have_v no_o such_o will_n and_o intention_n non_fw-la efficit_fw-la conatus_fw-la nisi_fw-la sequatur_fw-la effectus_fw-la &_o non_fw-la efficit_fw-la affectus_fw-la nisi_fw-la sequatur_fw-la effectus_fw-la coke_n l._n 11._o f._n 98._o b._n a_o conation_n and_o a_o affection_n hurt_v not_o unless_o the_o act_n and_o effect_n ensue_v as_o those_o who_o have_v office_n of_o trust_n and_o confidence_n shall_v not_o forfeit_v they_o by_o conation_n and_o intention_n to_o do_v act_n although_o they_o declare_v they_o by_o express_a word_n unless_o the_o act_n itself_o ensue_v as_o if_o one_o who_o have_v the_o custody_n of_o a_o park_n shall_v say_v that_o he_o will_v kill_v the_o game_n in_o his_o custody_n or_o that_o he_o will_v cut_v down_o the_o tree_n in_o the_o park_n yet_o do_v he_o neither_o kill_v the_o game_n or_o cut_v down_o the_o tree_n that_o be_v no_o forfeiture_n &_o sic_fw-la de_fw-la similibus_fw-la for_o in_o all_o such_o case_n there_o ought_v to_o be_v such_o a_o fact_n or_o a_o negligence_n which_o amount_v to_o as_o much_o to_o wit_n as_o to_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o game_n if_o a_o bishop_n archdeacon_n or_o parson_n &c_n &c_n abate_v all_o the_o tree_n it_o be_v a_o good_a cause_n of_o deprivation_n 9_o e._n 4._o 34._o if_o a_o prior_n make_v dilapidation_n it_o be_v a_o good_a cause_n to_o deprive_v he_o 29._o e._n 3._o 16._o 20._o h._n 6._o 36._o but_o if_o it_o be_v but_o a_o conation_n or_o enterprise_n without_o any_o act_n do_v in_o none_o of_o these_o case_n it_o be_v cause_n of_o deprivation_n for_o in_o these_o case_n voluntas_fw-la non_fw-la reputabitur_fw-la pro_fw-la facto_fw-la the_o will_n shall_v not_o be_v repute_v for_o the_o deed_n so_o a_o conation_n or_o a_o enterprise_n can_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o disfranchisement_n of_o a_o citizen_n or_o burgess_n for_o he_o may_v repent_v before_o the_o execution_n of_o it_o and_o then_o no_o prejudice_n will_v ensue_v but_o the_o matter_n which_o shall_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o a_o disfranchisement_n must_v be_v a_o act_n or_o a_o deed_n against_o the_o trust_n and_o duty_n of_o his_o freedom_n or_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o public_a good_a of_o the_o city_n or_o burrow_n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la in_o james_n baggs_n case_n affectus_fw-la punitur_fw-la licet_fw-la non_fw-la sequatur_fw-la effectus_fw-la coke_n l._n 9_o f._n 56._o 57_o in_o the_o poulter_n case_n the_o affection_n or_o will_n to_o do_v a_o thing_n be_v punish_v though_o the_o effect_n follow_v not_o though_o a_o writ_n of_o conspiracy_n do_v not_o lie_v unless_o that_o the_o party_n be_v indict_v &_o legitimo_fw-la modo_fw-la acquietatus_fw-la for_o so_o be_v the_o word_n of_o the_o writ_n yet_o false_a confederacy_n among_o diverse_a person_n shall_v be_v punish_v though_o that_o nothing_o be_v put_v in_o ure_n as_o 27._o ass_n pl._n 44._o two_o be_v indict_v of_o confederacy_n either_o of_o they_o to_o maintain_v the_o other_o though_o the_o matter_n be_v true_a or_o false_a and_o though_o nothing_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v put_v in_o ure_n yet_o the_o party_n be_v put_v to_o answer_v to_o it_o for_o that_o such_o a_o thing_n be_v forbid_v by_o the_o law_n and_o in_o the_o next_o article_n of_o the_o same_o book_n enquiry_n shall_v be_v make_v of_o conspirator_n and_o confederator_n which_o confederate_a among_o themselves_o &c._n &c._n false_o to_o indite_v and_o acquit_v and_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o alliance_n and_o between_o who_o which_o prove_v that_o confederation_n to_o indite_v and_o acquit_v be_v punishable_a by_o the_o law_n though_o that_o nothing_o be_v execute_v and_o it_o be_v hold_v 19_o r._n 2._o title_n brief_a 726._o a_o man_n shall_v have_v a_o write_v of_o confederacy_n though_o as_o they_o do_v nothing_o but_o confederate_a together_o and_o shall_v recover_v damage_n and_o may_v be_v indict_v for_o it_o also_o also_o the_o usual_a commission_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n give_v power_n to_o the_o commissioner_n to_o inquire_v de_fw-fr omnibus_fw-la coadunationibuâ—_n confederationibus_fw-la &_o falsis_fw-la alligantiis_fw-la &_o coadunatio_fw-la be_v a_o unite_n they_o together_o confederation_n be_v a_o combination_n between_o they_o and_o falsa_fw-la alligantia_fw-la be_v a_o false_a alliance_n one_o with_o another_o by_o obligation_n or_o promise_n to_o execute_v any_o unlawful_a act_n which_o the_o law_n punish_v before_o any_o fact_n be_v execute_v to_o the_o end_n to_o prevent_v the_o unlawful_a act_n quia_fw-la quando_fw-la aliquid_fw-la prohibetur_fw-la prohibetur_fw-la &_o illud_fw-la per_fw-la quod_fw-la pervenitur_fw-la ad_fw-la illud_fw-la for_o when_o any_o thing_n be_v forbid_v that_o also_o be_v forbid_v by_o which_o
one_o may_v come_v to_o that_o and_o therefore_o hill_n 37._o h._n 8._o in_o the_o star_n chamber_n a_o priest_n be_v brand_v with_o a_o p._n and_o a._n in_o the_o forehead_n and_o put_v upon_o the_o pillory_n with_o a_o paper_n write_v for_o false_a accusation_n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la pluâ—a_fw-la volenti_fw-la neque_fw-la injuriam_fw-la neque_fw-la vim_o fieri_fw-la reg._n i._o c._n volenti_fw-la non_fw-la fit_a injuria_fw-la f._n 501._o no_o injury_n can_v be_v do_v to_o a_o willing_a man_n if_o a_o parson_n emparsonee_n present_v another_o by_o it_o he_o have_v disappropriate_v the_o advowson_n and_o make_v it_o presentable_a by_o his_o own_o act_n and_o therefore_o no_o injury_n a_o man_n shoot_v give_v warning_n to_o all_o and_o one_o will_v go_v to_o the_o mark_n and_o be_v hurt_v he_o be_v without_o remedy_n 18._o e._n 4._o 8._o if_o i_o be_o bind_v to_o make_v a_o house_n if_o you_o prohibit_v i_o to_o come_v upon_o the_o land_n i_o may_v plead_v this_o bar_n 19_o e._n 4._o 2._o if_o there_o be_v lord_n mesne_n and_o tenant_n and_o the_o king_n be_v lord_n the_o mesne_fw-la hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o the_o tenant_n hold_v of_o he_o in_o socage_n if_o the_o tenant_n get_v a_o release_n of_o the_o mean_a or_o fore-judge_n the_o mean_a he_o shall_v now_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la for_o volenti_fw-la non_fw-la fit_a injuria_fw-la and_o it_o shall_v be_v injurious_a to_o the_o king_n if_o he_o shall_v lose_v his_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o shall_v have_v in_o place_n of_o it_o a_o tenure_n in_o socage_n dau._n 12._o p._n f._n 67._o a._n if_o i_o exchange_v land_n with_o one_o have_v a_o bad_a title_n which_o be_v know_v to_o i_o and_o if_o i_o know_v of_o a_o fraudulent_a conveyance_n and_o buy_v the_o land_n in_o both_o those_o case_n the_o party_n shall_v have_v remedy_n though_o they_o be_v willing_a to_o the_o wrong_n omne_fw-la actum_fw-la ab_fw-la agentis_fw-la intention_n est_fw-la judicandum_fw-la reg._n i._o c._n &_o coke_n come_v f._n 49._o affectio_fw-la tua_fw-la nomen_fw-la imponit_fw-la operi_fw-la tuo_fw-la every_o act_n be_v to_o be_v judge_v from_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o agent_n and_o every_o affection_n or_o intention_n give_v the_o name_n to_o thy_o work_n as_o if_o a_o man_n let_v land_n &c._n &c._n for_o term_v of_o year_n the_o remainder_n over_o to_o another_o for_o life_n in_o tail_n or_o in_o fee_n if_o the_o termor_n enter_v before_o livery_n of_o seisin_n make_v to_o he_o than_o the_o franktenement_n and_o the_o reversion_n be_v in_o the_o lessor_n but_o if_o the_o lessor_n and_o the_o lessee_n come_v upon_o the_o ground_n of_o purpose_n for_o the_o lessor_n to_o make_v or_o the_o lessee_n to_o take_v livery_n the_o entry_n ve_v no_o actual_a possession_n in_o he_o till_o livery_n be_v make_v because_o the_o purpose_n and_o intention_n give_v the_o name_n to_o the_o work_n and_o therefore_o if_o it_o be_v agree_v between_o the_o disseisor_n and_o the_o disseisee_fw-mi that_o the_o disseisee_fw-mi shall_v release_v all_o his_o right_n upon_o the_o land_n this_o be_v a_o good_a release_n and_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o disseisee_fw-mi being_n for_o this_o purpose_n do_v not_o avoid_v the_o disseisin_n for_o his_o intent_n in_o this_o case_n do_v guide_v his_o entry_n to_o a_o special_a purpose_n val._n 19_o eliz._n l._n b._n coke_n ibidem_fw-la the_o intention_n and_o agreement_n of_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o party_n be_v the_o only_a thing_n that_o the_o law_n respect_v in_o contract_n and_o such_o word_n as_o bewray_v the_o assent_n of_o the_o party_n and_o have_v substance_n in_o they_o be_v sufficient_a ployd_v f._n 141._o as_o if_o one_o make_v a_o obligation_n and_o the_o obligation_n be_v endorse_v that_o the_o obligee_n do_v will_n and_o grant_v that_o if_o the_o obligor_fw-la shall_v stand_v to_o the_o arbitrement_n ordination_n and_o judgement_n of_o a._n and_o b._n that_o then_o the_o obligation_n shall_v be_v void_a there_o a_o exception_n be_v take_v to_o the_o condition_n for_o that_o the_o word_n be_v the_o word_n of_o the_o obligee_n and_o not_o of_o the_o obligor_fw-la but_o it_o be_v hold_v by_o the_o better_a opinion_n that_o the_o condition_n be_v good_a for_o there_o be_v sufficient_a substance_n of_o a_o condition_n and_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o party_n appear_v and_o yet_o the_o word_n be_v not_o usual_a for_o condition_n for_o the_o word_n of_o the_o condition_n be_v the_o word_n of_o the_o obligor_n 21._o h._n 6._o f._n 55._o so_o a_o grant_n of_o a_o annuity_n to_o one_o pro_fw-la consilio_fw-la impendendo_fw-la be_v a_o grant_v conditional_a for_o if_o he_o will_v not_o give_v counsel_n the_o annuity_n shall_v cease_v and_o yet_o there_o be_v not_o one_o word_n of_o a_o condition_n so_o t._n 9_o e._n 4._o f._n 19_o &_o 22._o where_o debate_n be_v for_o tithe_n between_o a_o prior_n and_o another_o and_o the_o composition_n between_o they_o be_v that_o the_o prior_n shall_v have_v the_o tithe_n without_o challenge_n or_o contradiction_n of_o the_o other_o and_o the_o prior_n grant_v to_o the_o other_o forty_o shilling_n yearly_a and_o by_o the_o better_a opinion_n the_o grant_n shall_v enure_v conditional_o so_o as_o if_o the_o other_o disturb_v the_o prior_n in_o receive_v his_o tithe_n the_o forty_o shilling_n shall_v cease_v if_o one_o make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n by_o deed_n and_o by_o the_o same_o deed_n covenant_v that_o the_o lessee_n shall_v nor_o be_v impeach_v of_o waist_n that_o word_n covenant_n make_v at_o the_o same_o time_n amount_v to_o as_o much_o as_o if_o he_o have_v say_v habendum_fw-la for_o year_n without_o impeachment_n of_o waist_n p._n 21._o h._n 6._o f._n 7._o i._o s._n do_v bind_v himself_o in_o a_o obligation_n of_o twenty_o pound_n and_o the_o obligation_n be_v noverint_fw-la universi_fw-la per_fw-la present_v i_o i._n s._n teneri_fw-la &_o obligari_fw-la w._n b._n in_o twenty_o pound_n solvendum_fw-la eidem_fw-la i._n etc._n etc._n and_o yet_o the_o obligation_n good_a and_o the_o court_n hold_v that_o the_o count_n shall_v be_v make_v solvendum_fw-la to_o the_o plaintiff_n for_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o party_n there_o appear_v and_o the_o certainty_n of_o the_o bond_n before_o shall_v not_o be_v take_v away_o by_o the_o solvendum_fw-la after_o m._n 4._o e._n 4._o f._n 23._o so_o if_o one_o have_v a_o remainder_n of_o land_n in_o he_o and_o he_o grant_v it_o to_o another_o by_o the_o name_n of_o a_o reversion_n of_o land_n that_o shall_v be_v a_o good_a grant_n for_o there_o the_o certainty_n of_o the_o land_n appear_v and_o then_o notwithstanding_o the_o misterming_a of_o the_o thing_n the_o law_n regard_v the_o intention_n of_o the_o party_n and_o do_v judge_n according_a to_o it_o so_o if_o i_o be_v bind_v to_o pay_v you_o at_o the_o feast_n of_o saint_n michael_n which_o shall_v be_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1555._o 20_o s._n and_o at_o the_o same_o feast_n of_o saint_n michael_n than_o next_o ensue_v other_o 20_o s._n the_o law_n will_v adjudge_v the_o same_o feast_n to_o have_v the_o meaning_n of_o such_o or_o the_o like_a feast_n for_o it_o can_v be_v the_o same_o feast_n if_o it_o come_v after_o it_o so_o the_o law_n will_v take_v one_o word_n for_o another_o to_o supply_v the_o intent_n of_o the_o party_n vide_fw-la ibid._n ployd_v 141_o b._n browning_n case_n carta_n non_fw-la est_fw-la nisi_fw-la vestimentum_fw-la donationis_fw-la bract._n and_o the_o intent_n direct_v gift_n rather_o than_o the_o word_n ployd_v 160._o b._n as_o if_o a_o receivor_n be_v bind_v in_o a_o obligation_n to_o his_o master_n to_o pay_v to_o he_o omne_fw-la recepta_fw-la &_o recipienda_fw-la all_o thing_n receive_v and_o to_o be_v receive_v in_o his_o office_n that_o by_o it_o he_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o pay_v all_o that_o he_o may_v receive_v but_o only_o that_o which_o he_o shall_v receive_v indeed_o and_o so_o his_o intent_n shall_v rather_o be_v take_v then_o the_o word_n h._n 41._o e._n 3._o f._n 6._o so_o where_o a_o man_n make_v a_o lease_n of_o a_o house_n so_o as_o the_o lessee_n may_v make_v his_o profit_n of_o the_o house_n within_o he_o can_v pull_v down_o the_o house_n or_o make_v waist_n of_o they_o for_o the_o intent_n be_v not_o such_o although_o the_o word_n seem_v otherwise_o t._n 9_o e._n 4._o f._n 22._o and_o it_o be_v say_v to_o follow_v the_o word_n be_v summum_fw-la jus_o and_o that_o judge_n ought_v not_o to_o do_v it_o but_o to_o follow_v the_o intent_n rather_o and_o ployd_v f._n 161._o b._n say_v that_o such_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o bradwell_n in_o 14._o h._n 8._o f._n 22._o that_o contract_n shall_v be_v as_o it_o be_v conclude_v and_o agree_v between_o the_o party_n and_o as_o their_o intent_n may_v be_v take_v and_o that_o cavillation_n with_o
the_o counsellor_n what_o he_o shall_v write_v who_o take_v paper_n and_o ink_n and_o write_v note_n brief_o of_o his_o say_a will_n and_o every_o legacy_n that_o he_o have_v then_o declare_v and_o also_o the_o name_n of_o the_o executor_n and_o go_v home_o to_o his_o house_n and_o immediate_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n do_v write_v the_o last_o will_v and_o testament_n of_o b._n and_o when_o he_o have_v write_v it_o he_o come_v again_o to_o the_o house_n of_o the_o say_v b._n with_o the_o say_a will_n to_o read_v it_o unto_o the_o say_v b._n but_o then_o the_o say_v b._n be_v dead_a and_o therefore_o the_o counsellor_n deliver_v the_o say_a will_n to_o the_o executor_n of_o b._n who_o prove_v the_o same_o and_o after_o the_o wife_n of_o b._n do_v enter_v into_o the_o tenement_n devise_v to_o she_o by_o the_o say_a will_n and_o the_o heir_n enter_v upon_o she_o and_o upon_o the_o general_a issue_n it_o be_v the_o clear_a opinion_n of_o all_o the_o justice_n that_o it_o be_v a_o good_a will_n in_o writing_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n of_o 32._o h._n 8._o and_o as_o in_o feoffment_n grant_n uses_n and_o will_n the_o intent_n shall_v be_v observe_v so_o every_o statute_n ought_v to_o be_v take_v according_a to_o the_o intent_n of_o those_o that_o make_v they_o where_o the_o word_n be_v doubtful_a &_o not_o uncertain_a according_a to_o the_o rehearsal_n of_o the_o statute_n ployd_v f._n 10._o a._n b._n as_o in_o 4._o e._n 4._o there_o be_v a_o information_n in_o the_o exchequer_n that_o one_o ship_v certain_a sack_n of_o wool_n and_o have_v not_o find_v surety_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n of_o 14_o e._n 3._o c._n ultimo_fw-la to_o wit_n to_o bring_v plate_n of_o silver_n of_o two_o mark_n for_o every_o sack_n of_o wool_n and_o to_o take_v two_o mark_n of_o coin_n again_o for_o the_o bullion_n and_o there_o be_v two_o statute_n allege_v to_o bar_v the_o say_v find_v of_o surety_n to_o wit_n 36._o e._n 3._o c._n 11._o where_o it_o be_v recite_v that_o the_o commons_o of_o the_o realm_n have_v grant_v to_o the_o king_n a_o great_a subsidy_n of_o every_o sack_n of_o wool_n for_o three_o year_n in_o consideration_n of_o which_o the_o king_n by_o the_o same_o statute_n grant_v that_o after_o three_o year_n nothing_o shall_v be_v take_v of_o the_o commons_o but_o only_o the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o half_a a_o mark_n of_o every_o sack_n etc._n etc._n and_o that_o also_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 45._o e._n 3._o c._n 4._o it_o be_v establish_v that_o no_o imposition_n or_o charge_n shall_v be_v put_v on_o wool_n other_o than_o the_o custom_n and_o subsidy_n grant_v to_o the_o king_n without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n and_o if_o any_o be_v it_o shall_v be_v repeal_v and_o hold_v for_o nothing_o but_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o the_o two_o last_o statute_n be_v not_o to_o discharge_v the_o bullion_n but_o only_o the_o great_a subsidy_n and_o great_a charge_n upon_o wool_n after_o the_o three_o year_n and_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o maker_n of_o the_o two_o last_o statute_n be_v not_o to_o discharge_v the_o bullion_n for_o all_o thing_n within_o the_o general_a word_n shall_v not_o be_v take_v as_o the_o purview_n of_o the_o statute_n but_o such_o thing_n as_o the_o maker_n of_o the_o statute_n mean_v so_o as_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o maker_n be_v judge_v by_o the_o word_n and_o shall_v abridge_v the_o generalty_n of_o they_o so_o the_o statute_n of_o waste_v be_v if_o any_o one_o make_v waist_n in_o land_n which_o he_o hold_v ex_fw-la dimissione_n &c_n &c_n by_o lease_n yet_o if_o his_o estate_n be_v ex_fw-la legatione_fw-la by_o legacy_n he_o shall_v be_v punish_v by_o equity_n and_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o maker_n of_o the_o act_n so_o the_o statute_n of_o quia_fw-la emptores_fw-la terrarum_fw-la restrain_v man_n to_o make_v tenor_n of_o themselves_o yet_o there_o where_o the_o word_n be_v that_o every_o one_o shall_v hold_v of_o the_o lord_n paramount_n secundum_fw-la quantitatem_fw-la terrarum_fw-la according_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o their_o land_n it_o be_v take_v and_o ought_v to_o be_v understand_v secundum_fw-la valorem_fw-la terâ—a_fw-la according_a to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o land_n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la and_o ployd_v f._n 57_o b._n it_o be_v a_o erudition_n in_o our_o law_n that_o where_o the_o term_n and_o letter_n of_o any_o statute_n be_v obscure_a and_o difficult_a to_o be_v conceive_v there_o we_o ought_v to_o resort_v to_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o maker_n of_o the_o statute_n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la where_o the_o intent_n appear_v the_o law_n will_v include_v word_n which_o be_v not_o apt_a from_o their_o proper_a and_o common_a signification_n to_o the_o intent_n ployd_v 154._o a._n as_o if_o the_o disseisee_fw-mi agree_v with_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o disseisor_n who_o be_v by_o descent_n to_o confirm_v his_o estate_n and_o if_o he_o make_v they_o a_o deed_n by_o these_o word_n dedi_fw-la &_o concessi_fw-la the_o land_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n that_o can_v enure_v in_o his_o natural_a sense_n for_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o dedi_fw-la be_v to_o give_v one_o a_o thing_n which_o he_o have_v not_o before_o but_o because_o it_o can_v enure_v so_o it_o shall_v enure_v as_o a_o confirmation_n and_o so_o incline_v the_o word_n out_o of_o his_o proper_a signification_n to_o the_o intent_n and_o so_o 17._o e._n 3._o f._n 8._o it_o be_v hold_v that_o a_o manor_n may_v pass_v by_o name_n of_o a_o fee_n de_fw-fr chivaler_n for_o if_o the_o intent_n be_v that_o the_o manor_n shall_v pass_v the_o law_n shall_v adjudge_v the_o better_a to_o incline_v the_o word_n the_o chivaler_n to_o it_o and_o in_o 10._o e._n 4._o f._n 4._o pasche_fw-it it_o be_v hold_v by_o the_o better_a opinion_n that_o a_o man_n may_v plead_v a_o demise_n to_o he_o of_o land_n for_o a_o year_n by_o the_o word_n to_o licence_v he_o to_o occupy_v the_o land_n for_o a_o year_n and_o so_o may_v one_o apply_v a_o word_n out_o of_o his_o apt_a signification_n to_o another_o signification_n in_o performance_n of_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o ployd_v f._n 142._o word_n shall_v be_v construe_v according_a to_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o party_n where_o they_o be_v direct_v to_o a_o special_a intent_n and_o those_o which_o do_v imply_v and_o contain_v the_o intent_n of_o the_o party_n to_o be_v conditional_a shall_v be_v sufficient_a to_o make_v a_o condition_n as_o well_o as_o the_o usual_a word_n and_o therefore_o if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o feoffment_n ad_fw-la solvendum_fw-la to_o pay_v 20_o â—_o at_o such_o a_o time_n it_o be_v a_o condition_n for_o the_o matter_n show_v that_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o feoffor_a be_v to_o have_v twenty_o shilling_n for_o the_o land_n so_o if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o feoffment_n in_o fee_n to_o one_o to_o instruct_v his_o son_n in_o such_o a_o art_n it_o be_v a_o condition_n because_o the_o word_n purport_v such_o a_o intent_n and_o yet_o they_o be_v not_o usual_a word_n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la in_o browning_n case_n but_o ployd_v f._n 162._o b._n exception_n exception_n though_o it_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o bract._n that_o word_n ought_v to_o be_v incline_v to_o the_o intent_n yet_o non_fw-la estregula_fw-la quin_fw-la fallat_fw-la for_o one_o ought_v to_o have_v word_n apt_a for_o the_o meaning_n or_o else_o the_o meaning_n will_v be_v void_a for_o if_o a_o man_n will_v bend_v the_o law_n to_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o party_n rather_o than_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o party_n to_o the_o law_n it_o will_v maintain_v barbarousness_n and_o ignorance_n to_o the_o decay_n of_o all_o erudition_n and_o diligence_n for_o if_o a_o man_n know_v that_o what_o word_n soever_o they_o be_v his_o meaning_n shall_v only_o be_v think_v on_o he_o will_v be_v more_o negligent_a for_o word_n and_o then_o such_o a_o incertainty_n will_v rise_v to_o discuss_v what_o be_v the_o meaning_n that_o he_o will_v bring_v in_o great_a confusion_n and_o therefore_o the_o phrase_n of_o speech_n common_o declare_v the_o intent_n of_o person_n as_o if_o i_o give_v you_o a_o cup_n of_o wine_n you_o shall_v not_o have_v the_o cup_n but_o if_o i_o give_v you_o a_o hogshead_n of_o wine_n you_o shall_v have_v the_o hogshead_n because_o the_o phrase_n show_v the_o intent_n ployd_v f._n 86._o a._n 27._o h._n 8_o 27._o and_o therefore_o we_o shall_v see_v in_o many_o case_n that_o the_o intent_n shall_v be_v destroy_v where_o it_o accord_v not_o with_o the_o law_n as_o 9_o h._n 6._o f._n 45._o a_o abbot_n and_o covent_n by_o deed_n indent_v give_v a_o croft_a to_o w._n in_o fee_n and_o for_o that_o gift_n and_o grant_n the_o say_a william_n renunciavit_fw-la toti_fw-la communia_fw-la quam_fw-la habere_fw-la consuevit_fw-la averiorum_fw-la
upon_o a_o false_a consideration_n the_o heir_n shall_v not_o be_v receive_v to_o aver_v a_o false_a consideration_n against_o his_o ancestor_n dier_n exit_fw-la nudo_fw-la pacto_fw-la non_fw-la oritur_fw-la actio_fw-la ployd_v 305._o a._n and_o 308._o b._n from_o a_o bare_a contract_n or_o promise_v no_o action_n rise_v for_o it_o be_v not_o much_o argue_v by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n what_o diversity_n be_v between_o a_o contract_n and_o a_o promise_n and_o a_o gift_n for_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o law_n be_v to_o have_v the_o matter_n argue_v not_o the_o term_n a_o nude_v contract_n be_v where_o a_o man_n make_v a_o bargain_n and_o sale_n of_o his_o good_n or_o land_n without_o any_o recompense_n appoint_v for_o it_o as_o if_o i_o say_v to_o you_o i_o sell_v you_o all_o my_o land_n or_o all_o my_o good_n and_o nothing_o be_v assign_v that_o the_o other_o shall_v give_v or_o pay_v for_o it_o this_o be_v a_o nude_v contract_n and_o be_v void_a in_o law_n and_o the_o vendee_fw-mi can_v bring_v a_o action_n for_o they_o dr._n and_o student_n c._n 24._o and_o a_o nude_v promise_n be_v when_o a_o man_n promise_v to_o give_v a_o man_n certain_a money_n at_o such_o a_o day_n or_o to_o do_v he_o certain_a service_n and_o nothing_o be_v assign_v for_o they_o as_o if_o i_o promise_v to_o give_v you_o twenty_o pound_n to_o make_v your_o house_n anew_o there_o you_o shall_v have_v no_o action_n against_o i_o for_o the_o 20_o l._n because_o it_o be_v a_o nude_v promise_n as_o it_o be_v affirm_v by_o townsend_n t._n 17._o e._n 4._o ployd_v f._n 308._o b._n so_o if_o a_o carpenter_n by_o word_n covenant_v and_o undertake_v to_o make_v a_o new_a house_n and_o he_o do_v not_o and_o for_o not_o make_v it_o the_o plaintiff_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o covenant_n against_o the_o carpenter_n and_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o he_o have_v any_o thing_n for_o make_v of_o the_o house_n it_o be_v adjudge_v in_o 11_o h._n 4._o f._n 33._o that_o the_o plaintiff_n shall_v not_o take_v any_o thing_n by_o his_o writ_n ployd_v 309._o a._n and_o if_o i_o promise_v to_o another_o to_o keep_v his_o good_n safe_o till_o such_o a_o time_n and_o after_o i_o refuse_v to_o take_v they_o no_o action_n lie_v against_o i_o but_o if_o i_o take_v they_o and_o after_o they_o be_v lose_v or_o impair_v through_o my_o negligent_a keep_n a_o action_n lie_v doctor_z and_o stud._n c._n 24._o but_o otherwise_o it_o be_v if_o he_o to_o who_o the_o promise_n be_v make_v have_v a_o charge_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o promise_n which_o he_o have_v also_o perform_v then_o in_o that_o case_n he_o shall_v have_v a_o action_n for_o that_o thing_n be_v promise_v as_o if_o a_o man_n give_v land_n in_o frankalmoine_a they_o be_v bind_v to_o make_v prayer_n to_o god_n for_o he_o and_o in_o consideration_n of_o such_o prayer_n he_o be_v bind_v to_o pay_v to_o the_o chief_a lord_n all_o the_o rent_n and_o service_n issue_v out_o of_o that_o land_n lit._n a._n frankal_n and_o in_o 17._o e._n 4._o 5._o it_o be_v take_v by_o diverse_a that_o if_o i_o promise_v a_o surgeon_n a_o certain_a sum_n to_o cure_v such_o a_o poor_a man_n or_o if_o i_o promise_v to_o a_o labourer_n certain_a money_n to_o repair_v such_o a_o way_n which_o be_v in_o the_o high_a way_n that_o he_o shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n for_o it_o for_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n of_o charity_n and_o i_o merit_v thanks_n of_o they_o for_o it_o and_o therefore_o shall_v not_o be_v call_v nudum_fw-la pactum_fw-la ployd_v f._n 306._o a._n if_o i_o contract_v with_o another_o that_o if_o he_o will_v marry_v my_o daughter_n that_o i_o will_v give_v he_o 20_o l._n in_o this_o case_n if_o he_o take_v she_o to_o wife_n he_o shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n for_o the_o 20_o l._n 22._o e._n l._n assi_fw-fr pl._n 70._o by_o thorp_n and_o yet_o i_o have_v nothing_o for_o it_o and_o if_o a_o man_n have_v no_o regard_n to_o nature_n it_o shall_v be_v nudum_fw-la pactum_fw-la but_o because_o my_o daughter_n be_v advance_v by_o it_o that_o be_v a_o good_a consideration_n to_o i_o ployd_v f._n 305._o a._n so_o dr._n and_o stud._n c._n 24._o f._n 104._o it_o be_v a_o good_a promise_n because_o he_o have_v quid_fw-la pro_fw-la quo_fw-la the_o preferement_n of_o his_o daughter_n for_o his_o money_n but_o if_o a_o man_n promise_n to_o another_o 20_o l._n with_o his_o daughter_n in_o marriage_n if_o he_o marry_v the_o daughter_n and_o the_o money_n be_v not_o pay_v he_o shall_v not_o have_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n or_o a_o action_n of_o the_o case_n at_o the_o common_a law_n but_o he_o must_v sue_v for_o his_o money_n in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n for_o here_o be_v no_o good_a form_n of_o contract_n f._n n._n b._n f._n 44._o a._n and_o as_o bracton_n say_v matrimonium_fw-la est_fw-la principale_n &_o ejusdem_fw-la juris_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la jurisdictionis_fw-la eâ—â—e_fw-la debet_fw-la accessorium_fw-la matrimony_n be_v the_o principal_a and_o the_o accessary_a aught_o to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o jurisdiction_n gardiner_z bring_v a_o assumpsit_fw-la and_o declare_v that_o the_o defendant_n in_o consideration_n that_o he_o be_v indebt_v to_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o 10_o l._n for_o pasture_v and_o feed_v of_o certain_a beast_n in_o the_o plaintiff_n ground_n and_o for_o wheat_n and_o other_o merchandise_n have_v and_o receive_v by_o the_o say_a defendant_n do_v assume_v to_o pay_v to_o the_o say_a plaintiff_n the_o debt_n that_o he_o have_v pay_v upon_o issue_n non-assumpsit_a be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o upon_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n in_o the_o exchequor-chamber_n that_o there_o must_v be_v some_o certain_a cause_n of_o the_o debt_n assign_v for_o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o say_v general_o he_o be_v indebt_v for_o it_o may_v be_v for_o rent_n upon_o lease_n or_o for_o debt_n upon_o specialty_n but_o it_o be_v adjudge_v certain_a enough_o and_o require_v not_o so_o much_o certainty_n as_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n upon_o a_o contract_n hob._n rep_v f._n 7._o wolastone_n bring_v a_o assumpsit_fw-la against_o w._n and_o declare_v that_o whereas_o w._n promise_v he_o 30_o l._n in_o consideration_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n on_o the_o twenty_o of_o august_n 1610._o have_v give_v day_n to_o the_o say_a defendant_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o same_o money_n until_o the_o nine_o of_o october_n follow_v the_o defendant_n do_v assume_v to_o pay_v he_o the_o same_o nine_o day_n and_o upon_o issue_n non-assumpsit_a it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o damage_n give_v hob._n f._n 26._o wolastons_n case_n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la l._n bring_v a_o assumpsit_fw-la against_o b._n and_o declare_v that_o whereas_o the_o defendant_n have_v felonious_o slay_v one_o p._n m._n the_o defendant_n afterward_o require_v the_o plaintiff_n to_o labour_n and_o do_v his_o endeavour_n to_o obtain_v his_o pardon_n from_o the_o king_n whereupon_o the_o plaintiff_n upon_o the_o same_o request_n do_v labour_n etc._n etc._n to_o obtain_v pardon_n for_o the_o say_a defendant_n and_o afterward_o fi_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o consideration_n of_o the_o premise_n the_o defendant_n do_v promise_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n to_o give_v he_o a_o hundred_o pound_n and_o that_o he_o have_v not_o &c._n &c._n upon_o non-assumpsit_a it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n 100_o l._n ibidem_fw-la f._n 147._o vide_fw-la ibid._n plura_fw-la b._n bring_v a_o action_n of_o the_o case_n against_o c._n executor_n of_o reade_n and_o count_v that_o whereas_o he_o have_v in_o m._n term_n 14._o jac._n present_v a_o attachment_n of_o privilege_n against_o reade_n rerurn_v in_o h._n term_n the_o testator_n know_v of_o it_o in_o consideration_n that_o at_o his_o request_n the_o plaintiff_n will_v forbear_v to_o prosecute_v the_o say_a writ_n do_v promise_n to_o pay_v he_o 50_o l._n and_o then_o aver_v etc._n etc._n and_o after_o verdict_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o exception_n in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n the_o court_n give_v sentence_n bedwels_n case_n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la a_o promise_n make_v for_o a_o thing_n past_a be_v void_a as_o if_o i_o promise_v one_o ten_o pound_n because_o he_o have_v build_v i_o a_o house_n a_o action_n lie_v not_o there_o and_o if_o i_o promise_v to_o give_v another_o 10_o l._n in_o recompense_n of_o such_o a_o trespass_n that_o he_o have_v do_v he_o a_o action_n lie_v not_o against_o he_o &_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o a_o contract_n proper_o be_v where_o a_o man_n for_o his_o good_n shall_v have_v by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o other_o party_n certain_a good_n or_o some_o other_o profit_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o contract_n or_o after_o but_o if_o the_o thing_n be_v promise_v fot_o a_o cause_n that_o be_v pass_v by_o way_n of_o a_o recompense_n
if_o he_o be_v a_o honest_a man_n swimb_n f._n 210._o it_o be_v a_o observation_n of_o a_o divine_a that_o oath_n ex_fw-la officio_fw-la have_v their_o birth_n from_o caiphas_n math._n 26._o who_o who_o first_o impose_v it_o on_o our_o saviour_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o live_a god_n say_v i_o adjure_v or_o charge_v thou_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o live_a god_n that_o thou_o tell_v we_o whither_o thou_o be_v christ_n the_o son_n of_o the_o live_a god_n and_o mr._n pryn_n say_v that_o cardinal_n woolsy_n the_o high_a priest_n in_o england_n be_v the_o first_o that_o invent_v oath_n ex_fw-la officio_fw-la in_o england_n and_o that_o they_o be_v much_o inveigh_v against_o by_o latimer_n in_o his_o sermon_n and_o condemn_v by_o the_o express_a word_n of_o the_o petition_n of_o right_a provide_v against_o such_o oath_n prin._n vind._n f._n 42._o impotentia_fw-la excusat_fw-la legem_fw-la impotency_n excuse_v the_o law_n coke_n come_v f._n 29._o a._n the_o law_n tender_v the_o weakness_n and_o debility_n of_o other_o execuse_v their_o un-ability_n ultra_fw-la posse_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la esse_fw-la because_o no_o man_n be_v able_a to_o do_v more_o than_o he_o can_v do_v as_o if_o a_o man_n die_v seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee-simple_n etc._n etc._n and_o these_o land_n descend_v to_o his_o daughter_n and_o she_o take_v a_o husband_n and_o have_v issue_n and_o dyerh_n before_o any_o entry_n the_o husband_n shall_v not_o be_v tenant_n by_o courtesy_n because_o it_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o husband_n to_o have_v enter_v but_o if_o a_o man_n be_v seize_v of_o a_o advowson_n or_o a_o rent_n in_o fâ—e_n and_o have_v issue_v a_o daughter_n who_o be_v marry_v and_o have_v issue_n and_o die_v seize_v the_o wife_n before_o the_o rent_n become_v due_a or_o the_o church_n become_v void_a die_v he_o shall_v be_v tenant_n by_o courtesy_n because_o he_o can_v by_o no_o industry_n enter_v or_o attain_v to_o any_o other_o seisin_n than_o a_o seisin_n in_o law_n or_o bring_v it_o to_o a_o actual_a seisin_n and_o f._n 258._o b_o though_o a_o hermit_n or_o a_o anachorite_n be_v shut_v up_o himself_o so_o as_o by_o his_o order_n he_o be_v not_o to_o come_v out_o in_o person_n yet_o to_o avoid_v a_o descent_n he_o may_v command_v one_o to_o make_v claim_n and_o such_o a_o recluse_n may_v always_o appear_v by_o a_o attorney_n in_o such_o case_n where_o other_o must_v appear_v in_o proper_a person_n and_o f._n 263._o b._n a_o abbot_n of_o a_o monastery_n die_v and_o during_o the_o vacation_n one_o wrongful_o enter_v into_o a_o certain_a parcel_n of_o the_o land_n of_o the_o monastery_n claim_v the_o land_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n and_o die_v seize_v and_o the_o land_n descend_v to_o the_o heir_n and_o then_o one_o be_v elect_v abbot_n the_o abbot_n may_v enter_v upon_o the_o heir_n for_o by_o the_o death_n of_o the_o abbot_n no_o person_n be_v able_a to_o make_v continual_a claim_n and_o therefore_o a_o descent_n in_o that_o kind_n shall_v not_o prejudice_v the_o succession_n coke_n l._n 1._o f._n 98._o a._n if_o the_o lessee_n covenant_n to_o leave_v wood_n in_o the_o same_o plight_n the_o wood_n be_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o lease_n and_o afterward_o the_o tree_n be_v subvert_a by_o tempest_n his_o be_v discharge_v of_o his_o covenant_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o impotency_n and_o l._n 4._o f._n 11._o a._n if_o the_o lord_n release_v to_o the_o tenant_n so_o long_o as_o i._n s._n have_v heir_n of_o his_o body_n and_o sixty_o year_n pass_v and_o then_o i._o s._n die_v without_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n in_o this_o case_n though_o the_o sixty_o year_n be_v pass_v yet_o the_o lord_n may_v distrain_v for_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o she_o shall_v attain_v to_o any_o seisin_n within_o that_o time_n and_o therefore_o the_o act_n of_o limitation_n make_v in_o 32._o h._n 8._o do_v not_o extend_v to_o such_o rent_n or_o service_n that_o by_o common_a possibility_n can_v not_o happen_v or_o become_v due_a within_o sixty_o year_n and_o so_o if_o land_n hold_v by_o homage_n and_o fealty_n be_v convey_v to_o a_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n etc._n etc._n in_o this_o case_n they_o can_v do_v their_o homage_n and_o fealty_n yet_o though_o they_o have_v enjoy_v the_o land_n above_o sixty_o year_n if_o they_o alien_a the_o land_n the_o lord_n may_v distrain_v for_o homage_n and_o fealty_n 33_o h_n 8._o br._n tit._n fealty_n 15._o vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la pluta_fw-la in_o bevills_n case_n and_o lib._n 6._o f._n 21._o b._n in_o butler_n case_n it_o be_v resolve_v that_o legal_a imprisonment_n without_o covin_z be_v a_o good_a excuse_n of_o nonresidency_a in_o any_o parson_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o impotency_n quod_fw-la remedio_fw-la destituitur_fw-la ipsa_fw-la revalet_fw-la si_fw-la culpa_fw-la ab_fw-la sit_fw-la the_o thing_n which_o be_v destitute_a of_o remedy_n avail_v in_o the_o matter_n itself_o if_o there_o be_v no_o fault_n or_o lache_n in_o the_o party_n coke_n l._n 6._o f._n 68_o a._n as_o if_o a_o man_n be_v seize_v of_o a_o manner_n part_n of_o which_o be_v in_o lease_n for_o life_n and_o part_n in_o lease_n for_o year_n and_o levi_v a_o fâ—ne_n to_o a._n to_o the_o use_n of_o b._n in_o tail_n with_o diverse_a remainder_n over_o in_o this_o case_n b._n shall_v avow_v for_o rent_n or_o have_v a_o action_n of_o waste_v without_o any_o attornement_n for_o when_o the_o reversion_n be_v settle_v in_o any_o one_o in_o judgement_n of_o law_n and_o he_o have_v no_o mean_n to_o compel_v the_o tenant_n to_o attorne_v and_o no_o lache_n or_o fault_n be_v in_o he_o there_o he_o shall_v avow_v or_o have_v a_o action_n of_o waste_v without_o attornment_n as_o if_o the_o lord_n in_o mortmain_n or_o if_o a_o villain_n claim_v a_o reversion_n by_o this_o claim_n the_o law_n ve_v this_o reversion_n in_o he_o and_o he_o have_v no_o mean_n to_o compel_v the_o tenant_n to_o attorne_v and_o therefore_o he_o shall_v avow_v or_o have_v a_o action_n of_o waste_v without_o attornement_n the_o same_o law_n be_v of_o letter_n patent_n and_o of_o the_o devise_n of_o a_o reversion_n for_o in_o all_o those_o case_n culpa_fw-la abest_fw-la there_o be_v no_o fault_n 9_o h._n 6._o vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la in_o sir_n moil_n finche_n case_n and_o coke_n l._n 8._o f._n 172._o b._n in_o hales_n case_n if_o the_o heir_n at_o full_a age_n tender_v his_o livery_n and_o die_v within_o three_o month_n before_o he_o have_v accomplish_v it_o so_o as_o the_o make_n of_o his_o homage_n or_o sue_v out_o of_o his_o livery_n without_o default_n in_o he_o be_v become_v impossible_a by_o the_o act_n of_o god_n he_o shall_v have_v as_o much_o advantage_n by_o his_o tender_a as_o if_o he_o have_v make_v homage_n or_o sue_v out_o his_o livery_n for_o impotency_n in_o this_o case_n excuse_v the_o law_n and_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o law_n the_o interest_n of_o the_o king_n by_o the_o say_a limitation_n be_v determine_v as_o if_o the_o lord_n have_v take_v homage_n of_o the_o heir_n when_o he_o make_v his_o tender_a vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la coke_n l._n 10._o f._n 139._o b._n if_o tenant_n for_o life_n or_o for_o year_n do_v not_o repair_v a_o wall_n of_o dirt_n so_o as_o by_o his_o default_n the_o land_n be_v surround_v and_o become_v unprofitable_a that_o be_v waste_v but_o if_o the_o land_n be_v surround_v by_o the_o extraordinary_a rage_n and_o violence_n of_o the_o sea_n without_o any_o default_n in_o he_o that_o be_v not_o waste_v no_o more_o than_o if_o a_o house_n be_v burn_v by_o lightning_n or_o subvert_v by_o the_o rage_n of_o the_o wind_n or_o tempest_n without_o default_n of_o the_o lessee_n for_o impotency_n excuse_v the_o party_n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la in_o kighleys_n case_n so_o as_o it_o be_v regular_o true_a that_o the_o law_n tender_v the_o infirmity_n of_o unable_a person_n and_o excuse_v their_o impossibility_n as_o of_o man_n illiterate_a out_o of_o the_o realm_n in_o prison_n infant_n idiot_n out_o of_o their_o sound_a mind_n as_o also_o of_o blind_a and_o deaf_a dumb_a and_o blind_a if_o a_o man_n illiterate_a be_v bind_v to_o make_v a_o deed_n he_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o seal_v or_o deliver_v any_o writing_n that_o shall_v be_v tender_v unto_o he_o and_o if_o it_o be_v latin_a or_o other_o language_n which_o he_o understand_v not_o he_o may_v demand_v that_o one_o read_v it_o and_o expound_v it_o unto_o he_o and_o if_o none_o be_v there_o present_a to_o read_v and_o expound_v it_o the_o party_n may_v refuse_v to_o deliver_v it_o for_o his_o ignorance_n excuse_v he_o coke_n l._n 2._o f._n 3._o mansers_n case_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n if_o the_o deed_n be_v read_v unto_o he_o in_o other_o word_n than_o be_v contain_v within_o
the_o deed_n or_o writing_n it_o shall_v not_o bind_v the_o party_n that_o deliver_v it_o for_o it_o be_v at_o the_o peril_n of_o the_o party_n to_o who_o the_o writing_n be_v make_v that_o the_o true_a purport_n &_o effect_n of_o the_o writing_n be_v declare_v if_o the_o party_n that_o shall_v deliver_v the_o writing_n do_v require_v it_o but_o if_o the_o party_n who_o shall_v deliver_v the_o writing_n do_v not_o require_v it_o he_o shall_v be_v bind_v by_o the_o deed_n though_o it_o shall_v be_v contrary_a to_o his_o meaning_n and_o it_o matter_v not_o though_o a_o mere_a stranger_n read_v the_o writing_n which_o be_v well_o prove_v by_o the_o usual_a form_n of_o plead_v in_o such_o case_n to_o wit_n that_o he_o be_v a_o layman_n and_o not_o letter_v and_o that_o the_o deed_n be_v read_v to_o he_o in_o other_o word_n etc._n etc._n general_o without_o show_v by_o who_o it_o be_v read_v coke_n l._n 2._o thorowgood_n case_n f._n 11._o b._n if_o a_o disseisor_n die_v seize_v the_o disseissee_fw-fr be_v within_o age_n covert_a baron_n in_o prison_n or_o out_o of_o the_o realm_n it_o shall_v be_v no_o descent_n to_o take_v away_o the_o entry_n finch_n nomot_n f._n 26._o in_o omnibus_fw-la fere_n minori_fw-la atati_fw-la succurritur_fw-la coke_n l._n 9_o 84._o in_o all_o case_n for_o the_o most_o part_n there_o be_v favour_n show_v to_o they_o within_o age_n as_o in_o a_o writ_n of_o custom_n and_o service_n which_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o writ_n of_o right_n in_o which_o final_a judgement_n shall_v be_v give_v against_o a_o infant_n who_o be_v in_o by_o descent_n in_o 6._o h._n 3._o tit._n page_n 144._o it_o be_v adjudge_v he_o shall_v have_v his_o age_n so_o in_o a_o cessavit_fw-la against_o a_o infant_n who_o have_v the_o tenancy_n by_o descent_n he_o shall_v have_v his_o age_n though_o it_o be_v upon_o his_o own_o cesser_n because_o he_o can_v know_v what_o arrearage_n he_o shall_v tender_v before_o judgement_n and_o that_o also_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o writ_n of_o right_a for_o if_o he_o make_v not_o true_a tender_a he_o shall_v lose_v his_o land_n 28._o e._n 3._o 99_o but_o in_o a_o per_fw-la quae_fw-la servitia_fw-la against_o a_o infant_n who_o have_v the_o tenancy_n by_o descent_n he_o shall_v not_o have_v his_o age_n because_o he_o have_v benefit_n and_o avail_v over_o and_o above_o the_o premise_n and_o therefore_o be_v he_o call_v tenant_n paravaile_v and_o it_o be_v against_o reason_n that_o when_o the_o heir_n have_v profit_n by_o the_o tenancy_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o pay_v annual_a rent_n and_o it_o be_v no_o mischief_n unto_o he_o for_o notwithstanding_o his_o attornement_n within_o age_n he_o may_v at_o his_o full_a age_n disclaim_v to_o hold_v of_o he_o or_o to_o acknowledge_v that_o he_o hold_v of_o he_o by_o lesser_a or_o other_o service_n coke_n ibidem_fw-la and_o regular_o it_o be_v true_a that_o a_o infant_n may_v do_v any_o thing_n for_o his_o own_o advantage_n and_o not_o to_o his_o prejudice_n as_o to_o be_v a_o executor_n or_o to_o purchase_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o any_o other_o for_o it_o be_v intend_v his_o benefit_n and_o at_o his_o full_a age_n he_o may_v either_o agree_v thereunto_o or_o perfect_v it_o or_o without_o any_o cause_n allege_v waive_n or_o disagree_v to_o the_o purchase_n and_o so_o may_v his_o heir_n if_o he_o do_v not_o agree_v at_o his_o full_a age_n coke_n come_v f._n 2._o b._n in_o a_o writ_n of_o mesne_fw-la the_o proceed_n shall_v not_o be_v stay_v for_o the_o nonage_n of_o the_o infant_n because_o it_o be_v not_o reason_n that_o the_o infant_n shall_v be_v distrain_v for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o mesne_fw-la during_o his_o nonage_n and_o shall_v not_o have_v remedy_n until_o he_o be_v at_o full_a age_n coke_n l._n 9_o f._n 85._o a._n if_o a_o infant_n make_v a_o feoffment_n in_o person_n if_o he_o die_v without_o heir_n the_o land_n shall_v not_o escheat_n but_o otherwise_o it_o be_v if_o it_o be_v by_o letter_n of_o attorney_n dyer_n f._n 10._o coke_n l._n 4._o f._n 125._o a._n a_o infant_n shall_v sue_v by_o procheine_n amy_n but_o defend_v by_o guardian_n coke_n come_v f._n 135._o a._n if_o a_o infant_n buy_v land_n in_o fee_n with_o the_o money_n for_o which_o he_o do_v sell_v his_o own_o land_n yet_o may_v he_o avoid_v his_o own_o alienation_n doct._n stud_n 21._o a_o execution_n elegit_fw-la and_o statute_n merchant_n etc._n etc._n shall_v not_o be_v sue_v against_o the_o heir_n during_o his_o infancy_n coke_n come_v 290._o a._n a_o infant_n shall_v avoid_v matter_n in_o faite_fw-fr either_o within_o age_n or_o of_o full_a age_n but_o matter_n of_o record_n as_o statute_n etc._n etc._n acknowledge_v by_o he_o a_o fine_a levy_v by_o he_o or_o recovery_n against_o he_o by_o default_n in_o a_o real_a action_n must_v be_v avoid_v by_o he_o during_o his_o minority_n to_o wit_n statute_n by_o audita_fw-la querela_fw-la and_o the_o fine_a and_o recovery_n by_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n because_o they_o be_v judicial_a act_n and_o take_v by_o a_o court_n or_o a_o judge_n and_o therefore_o the_o nonage_n of_o the_o party_n to_o avoid_v the_o same_o shall_v be_v try_v by_o inspection_n of_o judge_n and_o not_o by_o the_o country_n and_o because_o his_o nonage_n must_v be_v try_v by_o inspection_n this_o can_v be_v do_v at_o his_o full_a age_n but_o if_o that_o age_n be_v inspect_v by_o the_o judge_n and_o record_v that_o he_o be_v within_o age_n albeit_o he_o come_v of_o full_a age_n before_o the_o reversall_a yet_o may_v it_o be_v reverse_v after_o his_o full_a age_n coke_n come_v f._n 380._o b._n the_o law_n do_v provide_v for_o the_o safety_n of_o a_o man_n or_o woman_n estate_n that_o before_o the_o age_n of_o twenty_o one_o year_n they_o can_v alien_a any_o land_n good_n or_o chattel_n or_o bind_v themselves_o by_o deed_n coke_n come_v f._n 171._o b._n unless_o it_o be_v for_o necessary_a meat_n drink_n and_o apparel_n necessary_a physic_n and_o such_o other_o necessary_n and_o likewise_o for_o his_o good_a teach_n and_o instruction_n whereby_o he_o may_v profit_v himself_o afterward_o but_o it_o must_v be_v pro_fw-la necâ—ssario_fw-la vestitu_fw-la for_o convenient_a apparel_n and_o not_o for_o gold_n lace_n 11._o h_o 7._o and_o aught_o to_o be_v suitable_a to_o his_o call_n popham_n rep._n f._n 152._o but_o if_o he_o bound_v himself_o in_o a_o obligation_n or_o other_o writing_n with_o a_o penalty_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o any_o of_o these_o the_o obligation_n shall_v not_o bind_v he_o also_o all_o other_o thing_n of_o necessity_n shall_v bind_v he_o as_o presentation_n to_o a_o benefice_n for_o otherwise_o the_o lapse_n shall_v incur_v against_o he_o also_o if_o a_o infant_n be_v executor_n upon_o payment_n of_o any_o debt_n due_a to_o the_o testator_n he_o may_v make_v a_o acquittance_n and_o in_o that_o case_n a_o release_n without_o payment_n be_v void_a ibidem_fw-la f._n 172._o a._n if_o a_o man_n inheritor_n take_v wife_n who_o have_v issue_v a_o son_n between_o they_o and_o the_o father_n die_v and_o the_o son_n enter_v into_o the_o land_n and_o endow_v the_o mother_n and_o then_o the_o mother_n alien_v that_o which_o she_o have_v in_o dower_n to_o another_o in_o fee_n with_o warranty_n and_o then_o die_v and_o the_o warranty_n descend_v to_o the_o son_n this_o warranty_n collateral_a shall_v bar_v the_o son_n little_a but_o if_o the_o heir_n be_v within_o age_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o descent_n of_o the_o warranty_n he_o may_v enter_v and_o avoid_v the_o estate_n either_o within_o age_n or_o at_o any_o time_n after_o his_o full_a age_n but_o if_o he_o within_o age_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o alienation_n with_o warranty_n and_o become_v of_o full_a age_n before_o the_o descent_n of_o the_o warranty_n the_o warranty_n shall_v bar_v he_o for_o ever_o coke_n come_v f._n 380._o b._n though_o no_o lache_n shall_v be_v adjudge_v in_o a_o infant_n in_o case_n of_o descent_n as_o littleton_n say_v yet_o in_o some_o other_o case_n lache_n shall_v prejudice_v a_o infant_n as_o lache_n shall_v be_v adjudge_v in_o a_o infant_n if_o he_o present_v not_o to_o a_o church_n within_o six_o month_n for_o the_o law_n respect_v more_o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o church_n that_o the_o cure_n be_v serve_v than_o the_o privilege_n of_o he_o infant_n so_o the_o public_a repose_n of_o the_o realm_n shall_v be_v prefer_v before_o the_o privilege_n of_o infancy_n in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o fine_a where_o the_o fine_a begin_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o ancestor_n as_o if_o a_o fine_a be_v levy_v before_o the_o act_n of_o non-claime_a and_o one_o of_o full_a age_n have_v right_a at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o time_n levy_v and_o die_v within_o the_o
menace_v i_o in_o my_o good_n and_o that_o he_o will_v burn_v certain_a evidence_n of_o my_o land_n which_o he_o have_v in_o his_o hand_n if_o i_o will_v not_o make_v he_o a_o bond_n and_o if_o i_o enter_v into_o bond_n by_o this_o terror_n i_o can_v avoid_v it_o by_o plea_n because_o the_o law_n hold_v it_o a_o inconvenience_n to_o avoid_v a_o specialty_n by_o such_o matter_n of_o averrement_n and_o therefore_o i_o be_o put_v to_o my_o action_n against_o such_o a_o menacer_n but_o if_o he_o restrain_v my_o person_n or_o threaten_v i_o with_o a_o battery_n or_o with_o burn_v of_o my_o house_n which_o be_v a_o protection_n to_o my_o person_n or_o with_o burn_v a_o instrument_n of_o manumission_n which_o be_v a_o evidence_n of_o my_o en-franchisement_n if_o upon_o such_o menace_n or_o duresse_n i_o make_v a_o bond_n i_o shall_v ovoid_v it_o by_o plea_n 7._o e._n 4._o 21._o so_o if_o a_o trespassor_n drive_v away_o my_o beast_n over_o another_o ground_n and_o i_o pursue_v they_o to_o rescue_v they_o i_o be_o a_o trespassor_n to_o he_o upon_o who_o ground_n i_o come_v but_o if_o a_o man_n assail_v my_o person_n and_o i_o fly_v over_o another_o ground_n i_o be_o no_o trespassor_n 13._o h._n 8.15_o &_o 21._o h._n 7._o 28._o bacon_n f._n max._n s_o 29_o &_o 30._o vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la a_o injury_n be_v twofold_a either_o in_o factis_fw-la or_o in_o verbis_fw-la in_fw-la factis_fw-la as_o when_o a_o man_n be_v assault_v or_o beat_v in_o verbis_fw-la when_o a_o man_n be_v slander_v and_o by_o term_n diffamed_a the_o ground_n of_o the_o first_o injury_n we_o have_v already_o survey_v which_o consist_v in_o assault_n and_o corporal_a injury_n now_o be_v those_o of_o the_o second_o sort_n to_o be_v set_v forth_o which_o be_v ground_v on_o slander_n and_o diffamation_n from_o whence_o arise_v these_o ground_n lubricam_fw-la linguae_fw-la non_fw-la facile_fw-la in_o paenam_fw-la est_fw-la trabendum_fw-la r.i.c._n the_o lightness_n and_o rashness_n of_o the_o tongue_n be_v not_o easy_o to_o be_v draw_v into_o punishment_n there_o be_v defamatory_n word_n which_o proceed_v from_o the_o weakness_n or_o lightness_n of_o the_o brain_n or_o any_o rashness_n in_o the_o tongue_n which_o because_o they_o be_v not_o think_v to_o be_v speak_v malicious_o pass_v for_o the_o most_o part_n unpunished_a for_o in_o all_o such_o case_n word_n of_o colour_n and_o in_o heat_n as_o to_o call_v one_o cozener_n and_o crafty_a knave_n common_a extortioner_n and_o drunkard_n witch_n rogue_n pillory_n knave_n villain_n and_o unless_o he_o say_v villain_n to_o such_o a_o man_n or_o regardant_a to_o such_o a_o manor_n will_v bear_v no_o action_n for_o these_o be_v not_o malicious_o speak_v finch_n nomot_n f._n 186._o b._n and_o by_o reciprocal_a reason_n the_o malice_n of_o those_o which_o bring_v action_n of_o slander_n debilitate_v their_o case_n and_o therefore_o coke_n l._n 4._o f._n 15._o b._n it_o be_v the_o resolution_n of_o the_o judge_n that_o action_n of_o slander_n shall_v not_o be_v maintain_v by_o any_o strain_a construction_n or_o any_o favour_n show_v for_o the_o supportation_n of_o they_o because_o they_o abound_v more_o in_o these_o day_n than_o heretofore_o and_o the_o malice_n of_o man_n increase_v &_o malitijs_fw-la hominum_fw-la est_fw-la obviandum_fw-la but_o of_o such_o light_n hasty_a and_o rash_a speech_n the_o civil_a law_n also_o take_v no_o cognisance_n no_o though_o a_o man_n in_o this_o case_n speak_v ill_a of_o the_o prince_n himself_o and_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v so_o far_o from_o take_v hold_n of_o such_o word_n that_o the_o emperor_n himself_o have_v say_v of_o they_o thus_o siquis_fw-la imperatori_fw-la malediceret_fw-la si_fw-la id_fw-la ex_fw-la levitate_fw-la processerit_fw-la contemnendum_fw-la est_fw-la si_fw-la ex_fw-la in_o sania_fw-la miseratione_n dignissimum_fw-la if_o any_o shall_v speak_v evil_a of_o the_o emperor_n if_o it_o proceed_v from_o lightness_n it_o be_v to_o be_v contemn_v if_o from_o madness_n it_o be_v most_o worthy_a of_o commiseration_n but_o in_o case_n that_o such_o work_n be_v of_o hatred_n and_o malice_n as_o if_o one_o reproach_v another_o with_o any_o thing_n in_o his_o state_n and_o condition_n wherewith_o he_o be_v not_o just_o to_o be_v charge_v then_o be_v it_o altogether_o punishable_a for_o that_o thereby_o charity_n between_o man_n and_o man_n be_v violate_v and_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v many_o time_n break_v and_o disturb_v and_o as_o coke_n say_v l._n 4._o f._n 15._o b._n ad_fw-la verbis_fw-la ad_fw-la verbera_fw-la perventum_fw-la est_fw-la and_o in_o this_o sense_n the_o rule_n of_o the_o cannon_n law_n may_v be_v take_v to_o be_v true_a omnis_fw-la qui_fw-la detrahit_fw-la fratri_fw-la svo_fw-la homicida_fw-la est_fw-la every_o one_o who_o detract_v from_o his_o brother_n be_v a_o manslayer_n to_o wit_n in_o foe_n ropoli_fw-it for_o whosoever_o hate_v his_o brother_n be_v a_o murderer_n 1._o joh._n 3.15_o and_o therefore_o at_o the_o common_a law_n if_o a_o man_n malicious_o utter_v any_o false_a slander_n to_o the_o endanger_n of_o one_o in_o law_n as_o to_o say_v that_o he_o have_v report_v that_o money_n be_v fall_v for_o he_o shall_v be_v punish_v for_o such_o a_o report_n if_o it_o be_v false_a 9_o e_o 1._o vttings_n case_n or_o if_o he_o touch_v he_o with_o some_o heinous_a crime_n as_o that_o he_o go_v about_o to_o get_v poison_n to_o kill_v the_o child_n that_o such_o a_o woman_n go_v with_o and_o yet_o it_o be_v no_o felony_n or_o lie_v in_o wait_n to_o rob_v he_o or_o procure_v another_o or_o agree_v with_o another_o to_o murder_v he_o though_o he_o be_v not_o murder_v in_o deed_n or_o seek_v his_o life_n for_o his_o land_n 17._o eliz._n hack_n case_n or_o for_o impair_n his_o trade_n of_o life_n as_o to_o call_v a_o merchant_n a_o bankrupt_a for_o it_o be_v his_o live_n but_o so_o it_o be_v not_o of_o a_o gentleman_n or_o a_o attorney_n a_o ambidexter_n or_o to_o say_v he_o deal_v corrupt_o finch_n nomot_n f._n 186._o or_o to_o call_v the_o plaintiff_n thief_n 27._o h._n 8.22_o or_o for_o call_v a_o man_n a_o false_a or_o perjure_a man_n 28._o h._n 8._o b._n or_o for_o call_v the_o plaintiff_n a_o false_a justice_n of_o peace_n 4._o e._n 6._o 112._o a_o action_n of_o the_o case_n will_v lie_v for_o those_o be_v word_n of_o eminent_a slander_n and_o of_o great_a import_n and_o such_o as_o concern_v the_o estate_n condition_n and_o life_n of_o man_n and_o therefore_o coke_n l._n 44.15_o in_o our_o book_n action_n for_o slander_n be_v most_o rare_a and_o those_o that_o be_v bring_v be_v for_o word_n of_o eminent_a and_o great_a import_n albeit_o diffamation_n and_o scandal_n proper_o consist_v in_o word_n yet_o may_v they_o also_o be_v do_v by_o writing_n as_o by_o defamatory_n libel_n which_o by_o bracton_n be_v call_v carmina_fw-la famosa_fw-la and_o by_o senica_n contumeliosi_fw-la libelli_fw-la infamous_a rhime_n and_o contumelious_a libel_n which_o flow_v from_o malice_n and_o pride_n and_o tend_v to_o contempt_n and_o dissension_n and_o therefore_o plato_n banish_v such_o out_o of_o his_o commonwealth_n and_o the_o roman_n punish_v they_o with_o death_n 12._o l._n 1._o de_fw-la civ_o dei_fw-la c._n 12._o st._n augustine_n romani_fw-la probris_fw-la &_o injurijs_fw-la poetarum_fw-la subjectam_fw-la vitam_fw-la famanque_fw-la habere_fw-la noluerunt_fw-la capite_fw-la etiam_fw-la puniri_fw-la sancientes_fw-la tale_n carmen_fw-la condere_fw-la siquis_fw-la auderet_fw-la the_o roman_n will_v not_o have_v their_o life_n and_o fame_n subject_a to_o the_o scoff_n and_o injury_n of_o poet_n ordain_v that_o whosoever_o shall_v dare_v to_o compose_v any_o such_o verse_n to_o be_v punish_v with_o death_n which_o also_o be_v one_o of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o twelve_o table_n ibidem_fw-la c._n 9_o and_o they_o appoint_v the_o aedile_n and_o triumvir_n capitale_n to_o foresee_v that_o no_o prejudice_n shall_v grow_v to_o the_o commonwealth_n by_o libel_n to_o sow_v the_o seed_n of_o sedition_n and_o novelty_n who_o prudent_a example_n the_o wise_a king_n henry_n the_o seven_o be_v induce_v to_o pursue_v 138._o bacon_n hen._n 7._o f._n 138._o who_o as_o sir_n francis_n bacon_n historize_v it_o hang_v and_o execute_v five_o mean_a person_n for_o spread_v of_o swarm_n &_o volley_n of_o libel_n against_o his_o highness_n and_o contrive_v and_o disperse_v thereof_o which_o as_o he_o say_v be_v the_o female_n of_o sedition_n and_o which_o also_o in_o conscience_n be_v a_o heinous_a crime_n and_o little_a inferior_a to_o high_a treason_n and_o therefore_o particular_o prohibit_v by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n exodus_fw-la 22.28_o thou_o shall_v not_o revile_v the_o prince_n and_o according_a to_o the_o original_n god_n nor_o curse_v the_o ruler_n of_o thy_o people_n and_o ecclesiaste_v 10.20_o curse_v not_o the_o king_n no_o not_o in_o thy_o thought_n wherein_o magistrate_n
tenant_n of_o the_o land_n to_o be_v summon_v whereas_o he_o be_v not_o summon_v and_o the_o tenant_n lose_v by_o default_n upon_o the_o grand_a cape_n return_v the_o tenant_n may_v have_v a_o write_v of_o deceit_n against_o the_o recoverer_n and_o against_o the_o sheriff_n for_o his_o false_a return_n f._n n._n b._n 97._o c._n and_o may_v defeat_v the_o judgement_n and_o no_o damage_n shall_v be_v recover_v against_o the_o sheriff_n in_o such_o case_n only_o he_o shall_v be_v fine_v 5._o e._n 4_o 4â—_n and_o if_o he_o die_v his_o heir_n may_v have_v a_o action_n of_o deceit_n and_o restitution_n of_o the_o land_n 8._o h._n 6.5_o if_o a_o man_n bargain_n with_o another_o and_o assume_v upon_o consideration_n to_o enfeoff_v he_o of_o ceraine_a land_n and_o he_o enfeoff_v another_o he_o to_o who_o the_o assumpsit_fw-la be_v make_v may_v have_v a_o action_n of_o deceit_n or_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n at_o his_o pleasure_n 3._o h._n 7.14_o if_o one_o sell_v to_o another_o a_o horse_n which_o he_o know_v to_o have_v a_o secret_a disease_n in_o his_o body_n or_o sell_v corn_n which_o be_v full_a of_o gravel_n a_o action_n of_o deceit_n lie_v 20._o h._n 6.36_o without_o warranty_n but_o f.n.b._n 94._o c._n be_v of_o the_o contrary_a opinion_n if_o the_o sheriff_n arrest_v the_o body_n by_o a_o capias_fw-la ad_fw-la respondendum_fw-la and_o return_v not_o the_o writ_n the_o party_n shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o false_a imprisonment_n kell_n way_n f._n 3._o b._n the_o law_n ordain_v that_o he_o who_o will_v be_v sure_a of_o his_o good_n shall_v buy_v they_o in_o market_n overt_a and_o that_o sale_n shall_v bind_v all_o stranger_n as_o well_o as_o vendor_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v agree_v in_o 33._o h._n 6._o that_o sale_n in_o open_a market_n shall_v not_o bind_v he_o who_o have_v right_a to_o the_o good_n if_o the_o sale_n be_v by_o fraud_n or_o the_o vendee_fw-mi have_v notice_n that_o the_o property_n of_o the_o good_n appertain_v to_o another_o so_o the_o law_n have_v ordain_v the_o court_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n as_o market-overt_a for_o the_o assurance_n of_o land_n by_o fine_a so_o as_o he_o that_o will_v be_v assure_v of_o land_n not_o only_o against_o the_o vendor_n but_o against_o all_o stranger_n it_o be_v good_a for_o he_o to_o pass_v it_o in_o this_o market-overt_a by_o fine_a yet_o covin_z and_o deceit_n shall_v avoid_v it_o overt_a by_o fine_a yet_o covin_z and_o deceit_n shall_v avoid_v it_o 〈…〉_o a_o feoffment_n by_o covin_z which_o amount_v to_o a_o wrong_n and_o disseisin_n fine_a levy_v by_o he_o who_o be_v particeps_fw-la criminis_fw-la and_o who_o have_v not_o nor_o pretend_v to_o have_v any_o right_n to_o the_o land_n shall_v not_o be_v a_o bar_n to_o the_o lessor_n coke_n l._n 3._o f._n 78._o fermor_n case_n a_o resignation_n make_v by_o a_o abbot_n by_o covin_z shall_v not_o abate_v the_o writ_n 4_o e._n 2._o 22._o a_o covenous_a conveyance_n that_o asset_n shall_v not_o descend_v be_v not_o of_o force_n 34_o e._n 3._o 19_o 19_o e._n 2._o 3._o and_o 17_o e._n 3.59_o that_o a_o estate_n make_v to_o the_o king_n and_o letter_n patent_n grant_v over_o and_o all_o it_o by_o covin_z between_o he_o that_o grant_v to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o patentee_n to_o make_v a_o evasion_n out_o of_o the_o statute_n of_o mortmain_n shall_v not_o bind_v but_o shall_v be_v repeal_v a_o presentation_n obtain_v by_o fraud_n and_o deceit_n be_v void_a dyer_n 339._o b._n letter_n of_o administration_n obtain_v by_o fraud_n and_o covin_z be_v void_a and_o shall_v not_o repeal_v the_o former_a administration_n dyer_n 339._o a._n &_o vide_fw-la dyer_n 295._o many_o case_n there_o put_v concern_v covin_z if_o i_o sell_v to_o one_o cloth_n and_o warrant_v it_o to_o be_v of_o such_o a_o length_n and_o it_o be_v not_o of_o such_o a_o length_n the_o buyer_n may_v have_v a_o action_n of_o the_o case_n against_o i_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o warranty_n although_o the_o warranty_n be_v by_o word_n and_o not_o write_v but_o if_o the_o warranty_n be_v make_v at_o some_o other_o time_n after_o the_o bargain_n he_o may_v not_o have_v a_o writ_n of_o deceit_n unless_o it_o be_v make_v by_o writing_n f._n n._n b._n 98._o k._n if_o a_o man_n sell_v to_o one_o seed_n and_o warrant_v they_o to_o be_v of_o another_o country_n if_o they_o be_v not_o a_o writ_n of_o deceit_n lie_v but_o if_o he_o warrant_v that_o the_o horse_n which_o he_o sell_v shall_v go_v fifty_o mile_n in_o a_o day_n or_o that_o the_o seed_n shall_v grow_v it_o be_v otherwise_o and_o a_o writ_n of_o deceit_n lie_v for_o sell_v of_o corrupt_a victual_v without_o warranty_n but_o not_o for_o sell_v of_o rot_a sheep_n though_o it_o be_v with_o warranty_n but_o to_o warrant_v a_o thing_n which_o be_v evident_a to_o sense_n as_o to_o be_v black_a which_o be_v blue_a be_v void_a unless_o the_o buyer_n be_v blind_a or_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v buy_v be_v absent_a 11_o e._n 4_o 7._o 3_o h._n 4._o 1._o if_o i_o sell_v one_o certain_a pipe_n of_o wine_n and_o warrant_v they_o to_o be_v good_a and_o they_o be_v corrupt_a the_o vendee_fw-mi may_v have_v a_o action_n of_o the_o case_n against_o the_o vendor_n f.n.b._n 99_o b._n yet_o according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o a_o action_n will_v lie_v without_o warranty_n 7_o h._n 4._o 14._o but_o master_n fitzherbert_n say_v that_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o warranty_n and_o his_o taste_n ought_v to_o be_v his_o judge_n in_o such_o case_n and_o where_o it_o be_v with_o warranty_n the_o writ_n must_v say_v that_o the_o defendant_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o warranty_n make_v know_v that_o the_o wine_n which_o he_o sell_v be_v corrupt_v a_o writ_n of_o deceit_n be_v bring_v for_o sell_v a_o certain_a quantity_n of_o wool_n and_o warrant_v it_o to_o be_v fifty_o sack_n whereas_o it_o want_v of_o that_o measure_n the_o defendant_n plead_v in_o bar_n that_o it_o be_v weigh_v before_o the_o sale_n and_o the_o servant_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v his_o factor_n do_v accept_v of_o it_o and_o carry_v it_o beyond_o the_o sea_n whereupon_o the_o plaintiff_n demur_v 13_o h._n 4._o 1._o semper_fw-la qui_fw-la dolo_fw-la fecit_fw-la quominus_fw-la haberet_fw-la pro_fw-la eo_fw-la habendus_fw-la est_fw-la ac_fw-la si_fw-la habet_fw-la reg._n j._n c._n always_o whosoever_o shall_v give_v or_o grant_v any_o thing_n by_o fraud_n whereby_o he_o may_v seem_v not_o to_o have_v it_o he_o be_v to_o be_v esteem_v as_o if_o he_o have_v it_o and_o therefore_o if_o a_o man_n by_o fraud_n make_v a_o deed_n of_o gift_n of_o all_o his_o good_n to_o one_o of_o his_o creditor_n to_o deceive_v the_o rest_n the_o gift_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 13_o eliz._n be_v void_a twin_n case_n l._n 3._o f._n 81_o quod_fw-la vide_fw-la where_o you_o shall_v find_v the_o sign_n and_o mark_n of_o fraud_n accurate_o and_o full_o discover_v and_o coke_n l._n 5._o f._n 60._o a._n b._n debt_n against_o the_o heir_n upon_o a_o obligation_n the_o defendant_n plead_v riens_fw-la per_fw-la descent_n the_o plaintiff_n reply_v that_o he_o have_v asset_n in_o d._n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o plaintiff_n give_v in_o evidence_n that_o the_o father_n die_v seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee_n the_o defendant_n say_v that_o he_o alien_v before_o the_o writ_n the_o plaintif_n aver_v by_o covin_z and_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v do_v by_o fraud_n to_o defraud_v the_o plaintiff_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v resolve_v to_o be_v void_a by_o the_o statute_n of_o 13_o eliz._n c._n 5._o and_o that_o the_o fraud_n may_v be_v well_o give_v in_o evidence_n because_o the_o statute_n say_v that_o the_o estate_n as_o to_o the_o creditor_n shall_v be_v void_a and_o therefore_o shall_v be_v take_v by_o favourable_a interpretation_n for_o to_o suppress_v fraud_n and_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v mischievous_a to_o the_o creditor_n and_o increase_v maintenance_n and_o covin_z if_o the_o plaintif_n shall_v be_v drive_v to_o plead_v that_o the_o feoffment_n be_v by_o fraud_n because_o it_o be_v common_o hatch_v in_o arbore_fw-la cava_fw-la and_o so_o artificial_o cover_v and_o conceal_v that_o the_o party_n grieve_v have_v no_o mean_n to_o find_v and_o know_v it_o and_o therefore_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n viâ—â—e_fw-la ibidem_fw-la and_o burrel_n case_n l._n 6._o f._n 730._o a._n and_o l._n 8._o f_o 133._o in_o turner_n case_n so_o hobart_n f._n 72._o humbertons_n case_n humberton_n recover_v a_o debt_n against_o t_n h._n and_o die_v and_o upon_o a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la against_o the_o ter_n tenant_n the_o sheriff_n return_v j._n h._n tenant_n of_o a_o house_n that_o be_v he_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o judgement_n and_o j._n h._n come_v in_o and_o plead_v that_o t._n h._n
of_o the_o law_n when_o one_o thing_n be_v provide_v for_o in_o the_o word_n that_o every_o other_o thing_n in_o the_o like_a kind_n shall_v be_v provide_v for_o in_o the_o same_o word_n and_o so_o when_o the_o word_n of_o a_o statute_n enact_v one_o thing_n they_o enact_v all_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v in_o the_o semblable_a degree_n as_o whereas_o the_o statute_n of_o 9_o e._n 3._o c_o 31._o ordain_v that_o in_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n against_o executor_n he_o that_o come_v in_o by_o distress_n shall_v answer_v the_o say_a act_n shall_v be_v extend_v by_o equity_n to_o administrator_n for_o whosoever_o of_o they_o come_v in_o first_o by_o distress_n shall_v answer_v by_o the_o equity_n of_o the_o say_a act_n because_o they_o be_v in_o the_o like_a degree_n so_o the_o statute_n of_o 4_o h._n 4._o c._n 8._o give_v a_o especial_a assize_n to_o he_o who_o be_v disseise_v and_o oust_v of_o his_o land_n by_o force_n against_o the_o disseisor_n and_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o he_o shall_v recover_v against_o he_o double_a damage_n and_o so_o it_o be_v in_o a_o assize_n of_o nuisance_n to_o turn_v the_o course_n of_o the_o water_n from_o the_o mill_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n with_o force_n it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o he_o shall_v recover_v double_a damage_n and_o yet_o he_o be_v not_o put_v out_o of_o his_o land_n neither_o be_v there_o a_o disseisin_n but_o the_o nuisance_n be_v to_o the_o damage_n of_o his_o franktenement_n and_o so_o by_o the_o equity_n of_o the_o say_v act_v the_o plaintiff_n recover_v double_a damage_n because_o the_o nuisance_n be_v in_o the_o like_a kind_n so_o the_o statute_n of_o gleucester_n give_v a_o action_n of_o waste_v etc._n etc._n against_o he_o who_o hold_v for_o life_n or_o for_o year_n and_o by_o the_o equity_n of_o it_o a_o man_n shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o waste_v against_o he_o who_o hold_v for_o a_o year_n or_o for_o twenty_o week_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v out_o of_o the_o word_n of_o the_o act_n because_o it_o be_v in_o the_o like_a degree_n and_o the_o case_n which_o be_v of_o such_o degree_n in_o our_o law_n be_v infinite_a ployd_v f._n 165._o a._n and_o there_o be_v another_o sort_n of_o equity_n which_o abridge_v and_o take_v from_o the_o letter_n and_o be_v a_o correction_n of_o the_o general_a word_n 10._o ethie_o 30._o l._n 10._o and_o be_v define_v by_o aristotle_n to_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o correction_n of_o a_o law_n wherein_o it_o be_v any_o way_n want_v because_o of_o the_o generality_n of_o it_o which_o also_o in_o our_o law_n be_v of_o much_o use_n as_o when_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v make_v that_o whosoever_o shall_v do_v such_o a_o act_n shall_v be_v a_o felon_n and_o be_v put_v to_o death_n and_o yet_o a_o man_n non_fw-la sarae_fw-la memoriae_fw-la or_o a_o infant_n of_o tender_a age_n who_o have_v no_o discretion_n do_v it_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v felon_n etc._n etc._n or_o if_o a_o statute_n be_v make_v that_o all_o person_n who_o shall_v receive_v or_o give_v meat_n or_o drink_n or_o other_o aid_n to_o one_o who_o shall_v do_v a_o felonious_a act_n shall_v be_v accessary_a to_o the_o offence_n and_o be_v put_v to_o death_n yet_o if_o one_o do_v such_o a_o act_n and_o come_v to_o his_o wife_n who_o know_v it_o receive_v he_o and_o give_v meat_n and_o drink_n unto_o he_o she_o shall_v not_o be_v accessary_a nor_o felon_n for_o in_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o say_a word_n of_o the_o law_n he_o of_o non_fw-la sanae_fw-la memoriae_fw-la nor_o infant_n nor_o a_o wife_n shall_v not_o be_v include_v and_o so_o equity_n correct_v the_o generality_n of_o the_o law_n in_o those_o case_n and_o the_o word_n general_a be_v by_o equity_n abridge_v so_o the_o statute_n of_o champerty_n w._n 2._o l._n 49._o &_o arti._n super_fw-la chart._n contra_fw-la probatos_fw-la man_n general_o do_v receive_v land_n and_o tenement_n while_o the_o thing_n be_v in_o plea_n yet_o m._n 16._o r._n 2._o accord_n it_o be_v say_v by_o the_o whole_a court_n in_o a_o writ_n of_o champerty_n that_o if_o i_o bargain_n any_o land_n before_o any_o writ_n bring_v and_o after_o the_o writ_n purchase_v i_o deliver_v seisin_n that_o the_o writ_n of_o champerty_n do_v not_o lie_v because_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v intend_v that_o the_o bargain_n be_v make_v for_o such_o cause_n and_o that_o by_o equity_n for_o when_o he_o bargain_v and_o promise_v the_o land_n upon_o just_a consideration_n before_o any_o action_n bring_v against_o he_o it_o be_v his_o act_n to_o perform_v it_o notwithstanding_o the_o action_n and_o costle_n promoter_n of_o the_o king_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o extortion_n h._n 21._o h._n 7._o 16._o against_o a_o under-sheriff_n ground_v upon_o the_o statute_n of_o 23_o h._n 6._o c._n 10._o which_o ordain_v that_o neither_o the_o sheriff_n goaler_n or_o minister_n nor_o any_o of_o they_o by_o colour_n of_o their_o office_n shall_v take_v any_o thing_n profit_n etc._n etc._n of_o any_o person_n for_o fine_a fee_n or_o ease_v of_o prison_n but_o for_o the_o sheriff_n 20_o d._n the_o bailiff_n 4_o d._n and_o the_o gaoler_n 4_o d._n suppose_v that_o he_o have_v take_v 20_o d._n above_o the_o same_o limit_a upon_o the_o statute_n and_o upon_o demurrer_n it_o appear_v upon_o evidence_n to_o the_o court_n that_o all_o under_o sheriff_n of_o the_o same_o county_n have_v use_v from_o the_o time_n whereof_o memory_n do_v not_o run_v to_o have_v of_o every_o prisoner_n in_o their_o ward_n for_o suspicion_n of_o felony_n when_o they_o be_v acquit_v twenty_o penny_n call_v the_o bar_n fee_n and_o the_o twenty_o penny_n suppose_v to_o be_v take_v be_v take_v from_o the_o person_n name_v in_o the_o count_n be_v acquit_v for_o a_o barfee_n and_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o whole_a court_n be_v that_o it_o be_v out_o of_o the_o raise_v of_o the_o statute_n though_o it_o be_v within_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n for_o that_o the_o sum_n of_o a_o barfee_n be_v assign_v to_o the_o sheriff_n at_o the_o begin_n by_o the_o order_n and_o discretion_n of_o the_o court_n in_o respect_n of_o his_o labour_n and_o charge_n he_o have_v with_o the_o prisoner_n and_o for_o his_o attendance_n and_o for_o his_o ministry_n when_o the_o prisoner_n be_v bring_v to_o their_o delivery_n and_o so_o that_o payment_n be_v with_o reason_n and_o good_a conscience_n which_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o maker_n of_o the_o act_n be_v not_o to_o take_v away_o and_o so_o equity_n do_v put_v a_o exception_n to_o the_o generality_n of_o that_o text_n of_o the_o statute_n law_n so_o the_o statute_n of_o w._n 2._o c._n 4._o ordain_v that_o where_o a_o man_n rat_n or_o dog_n escape_v alive_a out_o of_o a_o ship_n neither_o the_o ship_n nor_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v within_o it_o shall_v be_v adjudge_v wrack_n but_o all_o the_o thing_n shall_v be_v save_v and_o keep_v by_o the_o view_n of_o the_o sheriff_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o hand_n of_o those_o of_o the_o town_n where_o the_o thing_n be_v find_v so_o that_o if_o any_o one_o can_v prove_v that_o they_o be_v his_o within_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n they_o shall_v be_v restore_v to_o he_o and_o whosoever_o do_v otherwise_o shall_v be_v award_v to_o prison_n and_o remain_v at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o king_n and_o render_v damage_n yet_o if_o the_o good_n within_o the_o ship_n be_v such_o thing_n as_o will_v not_o endure_v for_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n the_o sheriff_n may_v sell_v they_o and_o deliver_v the_o money_n take_v for_o they_o to_o the_o town_n to_o answer_v for_o it_o and_o that_o by_o equity_n though_o it_o be_v against_o the_o word_n of_o the_o say_v act._n so_o the_o act_n of_o 2._o e._n 6._o c._n 14._o which_o give_v to_o the_o king_n all_o land_n and_o tenement_n by_o any_o assurance_n conveyance_n give_v assign_v or_o limit_v to_o find_v any_o preacher_n to_o have_v continuance_n for_o ever_o etc._n etc._n if_o the_o word_n of_o that_o act_n shall_v be_v take_v general_o they_o give_v to_o the_o king_n all_o the_o house_n and_o glebe_n land_n of_o all_o parson_n and_o vicar_n but_o equity_n put_v in_o that_o text_n the_o exception_n of_o parsonage_n and_o vicarage_n because_o it_o be_v not_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o maker_n of_o that_o act_n ployd_v f._n 466._o vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la there_o be_v another_o excellent_a use_n of_o equity_n which_o consist_v in_o guide_v the_o ground_n and_o maxim_n of_o of_o thing_n which_o seem_v to_o cross_v and_o thwart_v one_o another_o for_o as_o sir_n john_n doderidge_n 209._o english_a lawyer_n f._n 209._o it_o be_v scarce_o possible_a to_o make_v any_o second_o rule_n of_o law_n but_o that_o it_o shall_v fail_v in_o some_o particular_a
consist_v in_o idleness_n for_o idleness_n be_v the_o mother_n of_o all_o vice_n and_o as_o coke_n there_o say_v principal_o in_o young_a man_n who_o ought_v in_o their_o youth_n to_o learn_v profitable_a science_n and_o trade_n which_o be_v profitable_a to_o the_o weal_n public_a of_o which_o they_o may_v reap_v the_o fruit_n in_o their_o old_a age_n for_o jeunesse_fw-fr oisense_n vilesse_a disettense_n if_o in_o our_o youth_n we_o be_v idle_a in_o our_o old_a age_n we_o shall_v be_v indigent_a and_o for_o that_o reason_n the_o common_a law_n detest_v all_o monopoly_n which_o prohibit_v any_o one_o to_o work_v in_o any_o lawful_a trade_n and_o that_o appear_v in_o 2._o h._n 5._o b._n a_o dyer_n be_v bind_v that_o he_o shall_v not_o use_v his_o dyer_n craft_n for_o two_o year_n and_o there_o hull_n say_v that_o the_o obligation_n be_v against_o the_o common_a law_n and_o that_o by_o god_n if_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v here_o he_o shall_v go_v to_o prison_n until_o he_o have_v make_v fine_a to_o the_o king_n and_o so_o for_o the_o same_o cause_n if_o a_o husbandman_n be_v bind_v that_o he_o shall_v not_o till_o and_o sow_v the_o ground_n the_o obligation_n be_v against_o the_o common_a law_n and_o therefore_o the_o act_n of_o 5._o eliz._n c._n 4._o that_o prohibit_v any_o person_n to_o use_v or_o exercise_v any_o craft_n mystery_n or_o occupation_n unless_o he_o have_v be_v a_o apprentice_n for_o seven_o year_n do_v not_o make_v provision_n only_o to_o the_o intent_n that_o the_o artificer_n may_v be_v skilful_a but_o that_o young_a man_n shall_v not_o be_v idle_a in_o their_o youth_n but_o train_v and_o bring_v up_o in_o lawful_a science_n and_o trade_n and_o so_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o common_a law_n do_v not_o prohibit_v any_o person_n to_o use_v many_o art_n and_o mystery_n at_o his_o pleasure_n for_o nemo_fw-la prohibitur_fw-la plures_fw-la negotiationes_fw-la sive_fw-la art_fw-la exercere_fw-la until_o it_o be_v prohibit_v by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 37._o e._n 3._o 6._o that_o all_o artificer_n etc._n etc._n be_v bind_v every_o one_o to_o one_o mystery_n and_o that_o none_o use_v other_o mystery_n but_o that_o he_o have_v choose_v but_o because_o that_o restraint_n of_o free_a trade_n be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o weal_n public_a at_o the_o next_o parliament_n it_o be_v enact_v that_o all_o people_n shall_v be_v so_o free_a as_o they_o be_v before_o that_o ordinance_n by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o without_o act_n of_o parliament_n no_o man_n can_v be_v in_o any_o manner_n restrain_v to_o work_v in_o any_o lawful_a trade_n non_fw-la negligentibus_fw-la sed_fw-la impotentibus_fw-la succurrendum_fw-la reg._n i._o c._n vigilantibus_fw-la non_fw-la dormientibus_fw-la jura_fw-la subveniant_fw-la ployd_v f._n 357._o b._n the_o law_n help_v and_o releive_v those_o be_v impotent_a not_o those_o be_v negligent_a as_o if_o you_o disseise_v i_o of_o my_o land_n and_o then_o a._n bring_v a_o writ_n of_o right_n against_o you_o and_o you_o join_v the_o mouse_n upon_o the_o mere_a right_n and_o you_o make_v default_n after_o the_o mouse_n join_v he_o shall_v recover_v to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o quit_v of_o you_o and_o your_o heir_n for_o ever_o and_o if_o i_o do_v not_o lay_v my_o claim_n within_o a_o year_n &_o a_o day_n i_o be_o bar_v for_o ever_o for_o the_o law_n succour_v those_o that_o be_v watchful_a and_o not_o sleepy_a so_o as_o non-claime_a by_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n upon_o a_o recovery_n by_o default_n where_o final_a judgement_n be_v give_v be_v a_o good_a bar_n by_o the_o common_a law_n 5._o e._n 3.222_o by_o hor._n a_o descent_n cast_v during_o the_o coverture_n where_o the_o wife_n be_v disseise_v bar_v she_o not_o of_o her_o entry_n after_o her_o husband_n death_n but_o if_o a_o feme-sole_a be_v disseise_v and_o then_o take_v a_o husband_n there_o a_o descent_n during_o the_o coverture_n take_v away_o her_o entry_n for_o it_o be_v her_o folly_n to_o take_v such_o a_o husband_n that_o enter_v not_o in_o time_n littleton_n 95._o negligentia_fw-la semper_fw-la habet_fw-la comitem_fw-la infortunium_fw-la coke_n l._n 8._o f._n 133._o a._n sa._n turnors_n case_n a_o executor_n of_o a_o administrator_n ought_v to_o execute_v his_o office_n and_o administer_v the_o good_n of_o the_o dead_a lawful_o true_o and_o diligent_o lawful_o in_o the_o payment_n of_o all_o duty_n debt_n and_o legacy_n in_o such_o precedency_n and_o order_n as_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v pay_v by_o the_o law_n true_o to_o convert_v nothing_o to_o his_o own_o use_n and_o ought_v not_o by_o any_o practice_n or_o devise_v to_o bar_v or_o hinder_v any_o creditor_n of_o his_o debt_n but_o ought_v true_o to_o execute_v his_o office_n according_a to_o the_o trust_v repose_v in_o he_o and_o diligent_o as_o in_o the_o case_n at_o bar_n for_o when_o the_o administrator_n which_o have_v judgement_n for_o one_o hundred_o pound_n for_o sixty_o pound_n and_o the_o plaintiff_n offer_v a_o release_n or_o to_o acknowledge_v satisfaction_n and_o he_o defer_v it_o to_o the_o intent_n that_o the_o judgement_n shall_v stand_v in_o force_n by_o which_o the_o plaintiff_n shall_v be_v defraud_v of_o his_o due_a debt_n and_o the_o administrator_n to_o convert_v the_o good_n of_o the_o debt_n to_o their_o private_a use_n let_v the_o agreement_n be_v precedent_n before_o the_o recovery_n or_o subsequent_a since_o the_o recovery_n it_o be_v all_o one_o as_o to_o the_o creditor_n who_o be_v a_o three_o person_n for_o he_o be_v defraud_v as_o well_o by_o the_o one_o as_o the_o other_o and_o the_o creditor_n who_o be_v a_o stranger_n shall_v loose_v his_o debt_n which_o be_v by_o the_o law_n due_a to_o he_o and_o if_o any_o prejudice_n accrew_v to_o the_o administrator_n in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v in_o his_o own_o default_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n will_v have_v release_v to_o they_o or_o acknowledge_v satisfaction_n but_o they_o defer_v it_o to_o the_o intent_n to_o bar_v the_o plaintiff_n of_o his_o just_a and_o true_a debt_n and_o negligence_n have_v always_o misfortune_n or_o ill_a luck_n for_o her_o companion_n ibidem_fw-la coke_n l._n 2._o f._n 26._o b._n if_o a_o creditor_n upon_o a_o commission_n upon_o a_o statute_n of_o bankrupt_a either_o by_o obstinacy_n do_v refuse_v or_o by_o carelessnesse_n neglect_v to_o come_v before_o the_o commissioner_n within_o the_o time_n limit_v and_o to_o crave_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o act_n he_o lose_v the_o benefit_n thereof_o for_o the_o law_n releive_v those_o which_o be_v vigilant_a and_o not_o dormant_a for_o otherwise_o a_o debt_n may_v be_v conceal_v or_o a_o creditor_n may_v absent_v himself_o and_o void_a the_o proceed_n of_o the_o commissioner_n and_o every_o creditor_n ought_v to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o commission_n it_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o record_n coke_n l._n 4._o f._n 10._o b._n in_o bevills_n case_n it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o act_n of_o 32._o h._n 8._o c._n 2._o by_o express_a word_n extend_v only_o to_o actual_a possession_n and_o seisin_n and_o not_o to_o relieve_v those_o which_o for_o so_o long_a time_n have_v neglect_v to_o have_v actual_a seisin_n of_o their_o service_n and_o namely_o of_o suit_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v make_v twice_o every_o year_n and_o it_o be_v say_v that_o it_o be_v crassa_fw-la &_o supina_fw-la negligentia_fw-la which_o that_o law_n do_v not_o intend_v to_o relieve_v for_o as_o it_o be_v common_o say_v vigilantibus_fw-la etc._n etc._n ibidem_fw-la coke_n l._n 4._o f._n 82._o b._n in_o sir_n andrew_n corbet_n case_n who_o devise_v land_n to_o r._n c._n and_o other_o to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v to_o they_o and_o the_o survivor_n of_o they_o until_o such_o time_n that_o the_o sum_n of_o eight_o hundred_o pound_n etc._n etc._n be_v receive_v out_o of_o the_o issue_n rent_n etc._n etc._n for_o the_o preferment_n of_o his_o daughter_n it_o be_v resolve_v though_o the_o devisee_n have_v notice_n of_o the_o devise_n yet_o if_o a_o stranger_n have_v occupy_v the_o land_n the_o devisee_n ought_v to_o take_v notice_n at_o his_o peril_n for_o vigilantibus_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o none_o by_o the_o law_n in_o such_o case_n be_v bind_v to_o give_v he_o notice_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o arbitrement_n 1._o h._n 7.5.8_o e._n 4.1_o ibidem_fw-la and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n of_o a_o lapse_n incur_v for_o want_n of_o presentment_n or_o of_o a_o warranty_n bar_v for_o lack_n of_o entry_n or_o of_o descent_n bar_v for_o want_n of_o claim_n and_o a_o title_n to_o tenant_n in_o courtesy_n be_v lose_v for_o lack_n of_o entry_n and_o that_o statute_n of_o limitation_n do_v bar_v action_n one_o seize_v of_o land_n devisable_v devise_v that_o his_o executor_n shall_v sell_v his_o land_n and_o distribute_v the_o profit_n for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o poor_a and_o die_v if_o a_o
make_n of_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o river_n to_o be_v contributory_a to_o it_o for_o qui_fw-la sentit_fw-la commodum_fw-la etc._n etc._n coke_n l._n 7._o f._n 39_o b._n if_o a_o man_n grant_v a_o rent-charge_n for_o life_n out_o of_o his_o land_n and_o the_o rent_n be_v behind_o and_o the_o grantor_n enfeoff_v a._n and_o the_o rent_n be_v behind_o in_o his_o time_n and_o after_o a._n enfeoff_v b._n and_o the_o rent_n be_v behind_o in_o his_o time_n and_o then_o the_o grantee_n die_v the_o executor_n shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n against_o every_o of_o they_o for_o the_o rent_n behind_o in_o his_o time_n for_o qui_fw-fr sâ—ntit_fw-fr commodum_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o so_o be_v it_o hold_v in_o ognels_n case_n l._n 4._o f._n 49._o a._n 50._o baron_n use_n f._n 27._o if_o a_o man_n bind_v himself_o and_o his_o heir_n in_o a_o obligation_n or_o do_v covenant_n in_o write_v for_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n or_o do_v grant_v a_o annuity_n for_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n or_o do_v make_v a_o warranty_n of_o land_n bind_v he_o and_o his_o heir_n to_o warranty_n in_o all_o these_o case_n the_o heir_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o ancestor_n be_v by_o law_n charge_v with_o this_o obligation_n covenant_n annuity_n and_o warranty_n yet_o with_o these_o three_o caution_n 1._o that_o the_o party_n must_v by_o special_a name_n bind_v himself_o and_o his_o heir_n 2._o that_o some_o action_n must_v be_v bring_v against_o the_o heir_n while_o the_o land_n or_o other_o inheritance_n rest_v in_o he_o unalien_v except_o the_o land_n be_v convey_v away_o by_o fraud_n and_o one_o purpose_n to_o prevent_v the_o suit_n intend_v against_o he_o and_o 3._o that_o no_o heir_n be_v further_a to_o be_v charge_v then_o the_o value_n of_o the_o land_n descend_v unto_o he_o from_o the_o same_o ancestor_n etc._n etc._n nor_o to_o be_v sell_v outright_o for_o the_o debt_n to_o be_v keep_v in_o extent_n at_o a_o yearly_a value_n until_o the_o debt_n or_o damage_n be_v run_v out_o nevertheless_o for_o his_o false_a plea_n shall_v he_o be_v charge_v of_o his_o own_o land_n for_o this_o deed_n of_o his_o ancestor_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o charge_n be_v qui_fw-la sentit_fw-la commodum_fw-la sentire_fw-la debet_fw-la incommodum_fw-la &_o onus_fw-la vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la dilationes_fw-la sunt_fw-la in_o lege_fw-la odiosae_fw-la ployd_v f._n 75._o b._n delay_n be_v tedious_a in_o the_o law_n and_o therefore_o do_v the_o law_n favour_n assize_n because_o they_o be_v the_o more_o speedy_a suit_n the_o law_n have_v give_v as_o the_o statute_n of_o w._n 2._o c._n 25._o in_o its_o recital_n say_v et_fw-la quia_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la aliquod_fw-la breve_fw-la in_o cancelaria_n per_fw-la quod_fw-la quaerentes_fw-la habent_fw-la tam_fw-la festinum_fw-la remedium_fw-la sicut_fw-la per_fw-la breve_fw-la nove_n disseisinae_fw-la and_o therefore_o because_o it_o be_v the_o more_o speedy_a suit_n the_o law_n the_o more_o great_o favour_v it_o ibidem_fw-la for_o for_o speed_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n the_o juror_n shall_v have_v the_o view_n before_o appearance_n by_o the_o word_n of_o the_o writ_n and_o though_o warranties_n be_v favour_v in_o law_n yet_o none_o shall_v vouch_v in_o assize_n any_o one_o if_o he_o be_v not_o present_a and_o that_o be_v for_o the_o speed_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n no._n nat._n br_n f._n 178._o and_o a_o protection_n will_v not_o defend_v the_o party_n against_o a_o assize_n but_o assize_n be_v accept_v by_o the_o word_n of_o protection_n p._n 2._o h._n 6._o 42._o bâ—_n protection_n 53._o and_o all_o thing_n and_o plea_n which_o go_v in_o retardation_n or_o abatement_n of_o assize_n be_v esteem_v odious_a and_o therefore_o exception_n which_o will_v abate_v other_o writ_n shall_v not_o abate_v assize_n if_o it_o be_v so_o that_o there_o be_v a_o disseisor_n and_o a_o tenant_n for_o it_o be_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o suit_n and_o therefore_o the_o misname_n of_o one_o of_o the_o defendant_n shall_v not_o abate_v the_o assize_n if_o there_o be_v another_o disseisin_n and_o tenant_n and_o yet_o the_o writ_n be_v always_o false_a ploud_n f._n 98._o a._n b._n and_o if_o the_o tenant_n plead_v joynt-tenancy_n with_o a_o stranger_n not_o name_v although_o the_o plaintiff_n confess_v it_o yet_o it_o shall_v not_o abate_v his_o assize_n but_o for_o it_o only_o &_o for_o the_o remnant_n the_o writ_n and_o plaint_n shall_v stand_v in_o his_o force_n and_o yet_o the_o plaint_n be_v altogether_o false_a and_o if_o there_o be_v a_o disseisor_n and_o tenant_n for_o any_o part_n than_o it_o suffice_v for_o other_o verity_n in_o the_o writ_n or_o plaint_n the_o law_n require_v none_o and_o to_o say_v that_o one_o name_v in_o the_o writ_n be_v dead_a before_o the_o writ_n purchase_v or_o that_o there_o be_v never_o any_o such_o in_o rerum_fw-la natura_fw-la be_v alone_a and_o shall_v be_v adjudge_v no_o plea_n in_o abatement_n of_o the_o writ_n but_o if_o there_o be_v another_o disseisor_n and_o a_o tenant_n the_o writ_n shall_v be_v good_a against_o they_o ployd_v f_o 90._o a._n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la and_o though_o in_o action_n real_a as_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o cause_n require_v there_o be_v long_a time_n give_v in_o their_o proceed_n then_o in_o personal_a action_n yet_o it_o appear_v by_o fortescue_n de_fw-fr lib._n l._n a._n c._n 5._o 3._o that_o they_o be_v not_o too_o long_o nor_o admit_v without_o just_a cause_n crebro_fw-la enim_fw-la say_v he_o deliberationibus_fw-la iuâ—icia_fw-la matur_fw-la scunt_fw-la sed_fw-la in_o accelerato_fw-la processu_fw-la numquam_fw-la and_o as_o hobert_n say_v f._n 133._o festinatio_fw-la jâ—stitiae_fw-la est_fw-la nâ—verca_fw-la infortunii_fw-la festination_n of_o justice_n be_v the_o stepmother_n of_o mischief_n but_o many_o time_n by_o deliberation_n judgement_n grow_v to_o ripeness_n but_o in_o over_o hasty_a process_n never_o yet_o the_o demandant_n shall_v come_v to_o a_o final_a end_n by_o these_o action_n which_o he_o shall_v never_o do_v by_o prosecution_n of_o personal_a action_n for_o the_o trial_n of_o a_o freehold_a or_o inheritance_n co._n ep_v ad_fw-la lectorem_fw-la lib._n 8._o and_o in_o all_o case_n the_o law_n favour_v speed_v of_o man_n cause_n and_o hate_v delay_n as_o 3_o h._n 6._o 15._o b._n he_o that_o plead_v a_o record_n in_o delay_n as_o to_o prove_v the_o plaintiff_n excommunicate_a must_v have_v it_o ready_a to_o show_v but_o otherwise_o it_o be_v if_o he_o plead_v in_o bar_n in_o dilatory_a plea_n both_o defendant_n must_v join_v 12_o h._n 7._o 1._o a_o plea_n in_o bar_n that_o be_v dilatory_a must_v be_v good_a to_o every_o common_a intent_n 8_o h._n 7._o 9_o one_o who_o be_v in_o court_n ready_a to_o join_v with_o the_o defendant_n may_v do_v it_o without_o process_n as_o the_o vouchee_n the_o plaintiff_n lessor_n be_v pray_v in_o aid_n of_o when_o the_o defendant_n in_o a_o replevin_n avow_v upon_o he_o or_o the_o mesne_n when_o the_o lord_n paramount_n vow_v upon_o he_o but_o joynder_n in_o aid_n can_v be_v by_o a_o attorney_n without_o process_n 2_o h._n 6._o 1._o b._n one_o who_o be_v a_o debtor_n to_o the_o king_n of_o record_n in_o the_o exchequer_n if_o he_o be_v see_v in_o the_o court_n may_v be_v bring_v in_o to_o answer_v 2_o h._n 6_o 4._o b._n a_o assize_n of_o darrein_a presentment_n be_v bring_v and_o it_o be_v plead_v in_o abatement_n of_o the_o writ_n that_o the_o same_o plaintiff_n have_v bring_v a_o quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la against_o the_o defendant_n for_o the_o same_o church_n and_o the_o court_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v a_o good_a plea_n for_o the_o quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la be_v of_o a_o high_a nature_n for_o the_o right_n and_o possession_n and_o the_o statute_n of_o w._n 2._o l._n 5._o say_v that_o it_o may_v be_v in_o the_o election_n of_o one_o to_o have_v a_o assize_n of_o darrein-presentment_n or_o a_o quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la ergo_fw-la not_o both_o and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v p._n 15_o jaco_n that_o one_o can_v have_v two_o quare_fw-la impedit_v of_o one_o church_n for_o one_o avoidance_n hutton_n f._n 403._o when_o the_o law_n give_v a_o man_n several_a remedy_n for_o a_o thing_n he_o can_v have_v both_o of_o they_o together_o as_o littleton_n say_v for_o than_o he_o shall_v recover_v one_o thing_n twice_o which_o shall_v be_v a_o double_a charge_n and_o a_o double_a vexation_n to_o the_o defendant_n co._n com._n 145._o a._n as_o if_o i_o grant_v by_o deed_n a_o rent-charge_n to_o another_o the_o grantee_n have_v election_n to_o bring_v a_o writ_n of_o annuity_n and_o charge_n the_o person_n only_o to_o make_v it_o personal_a or_o to_o distrain_v upon_o the_o land_n and_o make_v it_o real_a but_o he_o can_v have_v both_o after_o the_o grantee_n have_v determine_v his_o election_n but_o this_o determination_n of_o election_n must_v be_v by_o action_n in_o
the_o law_n without_o have_v regard_n to_o the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o juror_n who_o ought_v not_o to_o take_v upon_o they_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o law_n for_o quod_fw-la cuique_fw-la novit_fw-la etc._n etc._n ploâ—d_n câ—m_fw-la amie_n townsdens_n case_n 5_o h._n 17._o carus_n case_n etc._n etc._n coke_n com._n f._n 3._o b._n if_o a_o office_n either_o of_o the_o grant_v of_o the_o king_n or_o subject_n which_o concern_v the_o administration_n proceed_n or_o execution_n of_o justice_n or_o the_o king_n revenue_n or_o the_o commonwealth_n or_o the_o interest_n benefit_n or_o safety_n of_o the_o subject_a or_o the_o like_a if_o these_o or_o any_o of_o they_o be_v grant_v to_o a_o man_n that_o be_v unexpert_a and_o have_v no_o skill_n and_o science_n to_o exercise_v or_o execute_v the_o same_o the_o grant_n be_v mere_o void_a and_o the_o party_n disable_v by_o law_n and_o uncapable_a to_o take_v the_o same_o pro_fw-la commodo_fw-la regis_fw-la &_o populi_fw-la for_o only_a man_n of_o skill_n knowledge_n and_o ability_n to_o exercise_v the_o same_o be_v capable_a of_o the_o same_o to_o serve_v the_o king_n and_o his_o people_n ibidem_fw-la a_o infant_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o the_o office_n of_o a_o stewardship_n of_o a_o manor_n either_o in_o possession_n or_o reversion_n ibid._n and_o the_o civil_a law_n impubes_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la officiis_fw-la civilibus_fw-la debet_fw-la abstinere_fw-la coke_n l._n 11._o f._n 87._o a._n the_o case_n of_o monopoly_n a_o patent_n make_v to_o sir_n edward_n bury_v for_o the_o make_n of_o card_n be_v void_a because_o he_o have_v no_o skill_n in_o make_v they_o though_o the_o patent_n be_v to_o he_o and_o his_o deputy_n yet_o if_o the_o grantee_n himself_o be_v inexpert_a he_o can_v make_v a_o deputy_n who_o be_v skilful_a to_o supply_v his_o place_n quia_fw-la quod_fw-la per_fw-la i_o non_fw-la possum_fw-la nec_fw-la per_fw-la alium_fw-la for_o what_o i_o can_v do_v by_o myself_o i_o can_v do_v by_o another_o imperitia_fw-la culpae_fw-la adnumeratur_fw-la reg._n s_o e._n imperitia_fw-la maxima_fw-la est_fw-la mechanicorum_fw-la poena_fw-la co._n l._n 11._o f._n 57_o a._n ignorance_n and_o unskilfulness_n be_v account_v a_o fault_n and_o be_v the_o great_a punishment_n of_o artist_n and_o mechanic_n as_o 7_o e._n 3._o 65._o b._n if_o he_o that_o take_v upon_o he_o to_o work_v be_v unskilful_a and_o ignorant_a it_o be_v sufficient_a punishment_n to_o he_o for_o if_o any_o man_n take_v upon_o he_o to_o work_v and_o do_v it_o amiss_o a_o action_n of_o the_o case_n lie_v against_o he_o ignorantia_fw-la juris_fw-la non_fw-la excusat_fw-la the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o law_n do_v not_o excuse_n dr._n &_o stud._n l._n 2._o c_o 46._o ignorance_n of_o the_o law_n though_o it_o be_v unvincible_a that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o they_o have_v do_v that_o in_o they_o be_v to_o know_v the_o truth_n do_v not_o excuse_n as_o to_o the_o law_n for_o every_o man_n be_v bind_v at_o his_o peril_n to_o take_v notice_n what_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v as_o well_o the_o statute_n as_o the_o common_a law_n for_o all_o statute_n be_v make_v in_o parliament_n and_o burgess_n be_v the_o representative_n of_o the_o commons_o and_o therefore_o be_v alone_z as_o if_o all_o the_o commons_o have_v be_v there_o present_a a_o infant_n of_o the_o year_n of_o discretion_n may_v be_v a_o felon_n and_o a_o trespasser_n according_a to_o the_o civil_a rule_n pupillus_n qui_fw-la proximus_fw-la est_fw-la pubertati_fw-la capax_fw-la est_fw-la furendi_fw-la &_o injuriae_fw-la faciendae_fw-la a_o infant_n who_o be_v next_o to_o the_o age_n of_o puberty_n that_o be_v of_o fourteen_o year_n be_v capable_a of_o steal_v and_o do_v injury_n though_o he_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o law_n but_o that_o be_v by_o the_o old_a maxim_n of_o the_o law_n for_o the_o eschew_v of_o murder_n felony_n and_o trespass_n dr._n &_o stud._n l._n 2._o c._n 46._o vide_fw-la ibid._n plura_fw-la coke_n l._n 1._o f._n 177._o a._n b._n anthony_n mildmay_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o the_o case_n against_o roger_n standish_n because_o the_o say_v robert_n have_v say_v and_o open_o publish_v that_o certain_a land_n which_o lawful_o appertain_v to_o the_o say_v mildmay_n be_v lawful_o assure_v for_o the_o term_n of_o a_o thousand_o year_n to_o ja._n talbot_n and_o olyff_fw-mi his_o wife_n and_o that_o they_o of_o the_o interest_n of_o that_o term_n be_v lawful_o possess_v and_o so_o for_o slander_v his_o estate_n and_o title_n show_v all_o in_o certain_a and_o how_o he_o be_v prejudice_v by_o the_o say_v speak_v bring_v his_o action_n and_o standish_n in_o his_o plea_n justify_v the_o word_n upon_o which_o the_o plaintiff_n demur_v and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n although_o the_o facto_fw-la the_o say_a talbot_n and_o olife_o have_v a_o limitation_n of_o those_o land_n by_o the_o will_n of_o sir_n henry_n sharington_n in_o write_v for_o a_o thousand_o year_n which_o be_v the_o occasion_n that_o the_o say_v standish_n be_v a_o man_n not_o learn_v in_o the_o law_n affirm_v and_o publish_v the_o same_o yet_o for_o that_o he_o have_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o law_n and_o interpose_v himself_o in_o a_o matter_n not_o concern_v he_o judgement_n be_v give_v against_o he_o for_o ignorantia_fw-la juris_fw-la not_z excusat_fw-la if_o the_o clerk_n mistake_v debt_n for_o a_o detinet_fw-la in_o a_o writ_n his_o ignorance_n of_o the_o law_n do_v not_o excuse_n 20_o e._n 4._o 21._o but_o the_o civilian_n have_v a_o rule_n in_o paenalibus_fw-la judiciis_fw-la aetati_fw-la &_o imprudentiae_fw-la succurritur_fw-la the_o law_n do_v help_v the_o party_n according_a to_o his_o age_n or_o ignorance_n in_o criminal_a &_o penal_a cause_n which_o accord_v with_o the_o ground_n of_o our_o law_n as_o if_o a_o infant_n of_o tender_a year_n kill_v a_o man_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v felony_n because_o he_o have_v no_o scretion_n or_o understanding_n and_o so_o it_o be_v if_o a_o man_n dedi_fw-la non_fw-la sanae_fw-la memoriae_fw-la kill_v another_o it_o be_v not_o homicide_n because_o he_o have_v no_o memory_n nor_o understanding_n and_o this_o as_o ploydon_n say_v be_v proper_o say_v to_o be_v do_v ex_fw-la ignorantia_fw-la where_o unvoluntary_a ignorance_n be_v adjudge_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o act_n ployd_v f._n 19_o a._n coke_n l._n 6._o f._n 54._o a._n a_o capias_fw-la be_v award_v against_o a_o countess_n by_o the_o court_n of_o common_a bench_n that_o the_o sheriff_n or_o his_o officer_n by_o his_o warrant_n without_o any_o offence_n may_v execute_v it_o for_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o dispute_v the_o authority_n of_o court_n but_o they_o ought_v to_o execute_v the_o writ_n to_o they_o direct_v and_o to_o it_o they_o be_v swear_v and_o though_o it_o be_v object_v that_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o capias_fw-la that_o she_o be_v a_o countess_n against_o who_o by_o law_n no_o capias_fw-la in_o such_o case_n lie_v &_o ignorantia_fw-la juris_fw-la non_fw-la excusat_fw-la and_o principal_o the_o sheriff_n and_o other_o minister_n of_o law_n and_o justice_n except_o in_o some_o case_n as_o in_o case_n of_o contempt_n yet_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o sheriff_n and_o his_o minister_n ought_v not_o to_o examine_v the_o judicial_a act_n of_o the_o court_n but_o they_o ought_v to_o execute_v the_o writ_n ibidem_fw-la in_o the_o countess_n of_o rutland_n case_n so_o dyer_n foe_fw-mi 60._o quod_fw-la vide_fw-la ignorantia_fw-la facti_fw-la excusat_fw-la coke_n 2._o f._n 3._o b._n in_o mansers_n case_n the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o deed_n excuse_v as_o if_o a_o illiterate_a man_n be_v bind_v to_o seal_v a_o deed_n he_o be_v not_o tie_v to_o do_v it_o if_o not_o any_o be_v present_a to_o read_v it_o if_o require_v and_o also_o to_o expound_v it_o if_o it_o be_v write_v in_o latin_a &c_n &c_n for_o ignorantia_fw-la facti_fw-la non_fw-la excusat_fw-la quae_fw-la est_fw-la vel_fw-la lectionis_fw-la vel_fw-la linguae_fw-la the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o deed_n excuse_v whether_o it_o be_v of_o read_v or_o of_o the_o tongue_n doct._n and_o stud._n l._n 2._o c._n 47._o if_o a_o man_n buy_v a_o horse_n in_o open_a market_n of_o he_o that_o have_v no_o property_n in_o he_o not_o know_v but_o that_o he_o have_v right_a he_o have_v good_a right_n to_o the_o horse_n and_o his_o ignorance_n shall_v excuse_v he_o but_o if_o he_o have_v know_v the_o seller_n have_v no_o right_n the_o buy_n in_o open_a market_n have_v not_o excuse_v he_o so_o if_o a_o man_n retain_v another_o man_n servant_n not_o know_v that_o he_o be_v retain_v by_o he_o the_o ignorance_n excuse_v he_o both_o from_o the_o common_a law_n and_o the_o statute_n of_o 31._o ed._n 33._o and_o the_o penalty_n thereupon_o to_o wit_n pain_n of_o imprisonment_n if_o any_o one_o retain_v one_o servant_n without_o licence_n or_o reasonable_a cause_n and_o so_o have_v the_o
grant_v a_o lease_n for_o life_n or_o year_n he_o have_v the_o reversion_n in_o he_o which_o he_o may_v lawful_o grant_v but_o the_o law_n require_v in_o this_o case_n that_o he_o be_v not_o deceive_v in_o his_o estate_n and_o to_o grant_v the_o possession_n of_o the_o land_n whereas_o he_o have_v but_o a_o reversion_n and_o therefore_o when_o he_o grant_v the_o land_n notwithstanding_o that_o it_o be_v in_o lease_n for_o life_n or_o for_o year_n of_o record_n or_o otherwise_o the_o grant_n be_v good_a when_o the_o word_n of_o a_o grant_n be_v not_o sufficient_a ex_fw-la vi_fw-la termini_fw-la to_o pass_v the_o thing_n grant_v but_o the_o grant_n be_v utter_o void_a there_o any_o non_fw-la obstante_fw-la can_v make_v the_o grant_v good_a vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la davis_n f._n 75._o in_o the_o case_n of_o commendam_n by_o our_o law_n what_o be_v wrong_a and_o malum_fw-la insert_v and_o against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n can_v be_v dispense_v with_o and_o therefore_o 11_o h._n 7._o 12._o a._n it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o king_n can_v dispense_v with_o any_o that_o do_v nuisance_n in_o the_o highway_n and_o if_o he_o do_v it_o that_o such_o a_o dispensation_n be_v void_a &_o 8_o h._n 6._o 19_o the_o king_n can_v grant_v that_o if_o a_o man_n do_v a_o trespass_n to_o i_o that_o i_o shall_v not_o have_v a_o action_n against_o he_o or_o that_o a_o man_n shall_v be_v his_o own_o judge_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v often_o say_v in_o our_o book_n that_o the_o prerogative_n of_o the_o king_n shall_v do_v no_o wrong_n to_o the_o subject_a 13_o e._n 3._o 8_o so_o though_o the_o king_n may_v dispense_v with_o a_o statute_n which_o prohibit_v a_o indifferent_a thing_n to_o be_v do_v yet_o he_o can_v change_v the_o common_a law_n by_o his_o patent_n 37_o h._n 8._o patent_n 110._o and_o as_o to_o the_o pope_n it_o be_v often_o say_v in_o the_o bishop_n of_o st._n davis_n case_n that_o the_o bull_n of_o the_o pope_n can_v change_v the_o law_n of_o england_n notwithstanding_o the_o word_n non_fw-fr obstante_fw-la be_v first_o invent_v and_o first_o use_v in_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n which_o as_o sir_n john_n davis_n observe_v f._n 69._o b._n be_v a_o mischievous_a precedent_n to_o all_o the_o common_a weal_n of_o christendom_n for_o the_o temporal_a prince_n perceive_v that_o the_o pope_n dispense_v with_o his_o canon_n in_o imitation_n of_o he_o have_v use_v their_o prerogative_n to_o dispense_v with_o their_o penal_a law_n and_o statute_n and_o whereas_o before_o their_o law_n be_v religious_o observe_v as_o the_o law_n of_o the_o mede_n and_o persian_n davis_n f._n 77._o the_o law_n which_o ordain_v that_o the_o first_o benefice_n shall_v be_v void_a by_o the_o acceptance_n of_o the_o second_o may_v be_v dispense_v with_o and_o so_o be_v it_o of_o the_o law_n that_o ordain_v that_o when_o a_o man_n be_v make_v a_o bishop_n that_o his_o other_o benefice_n shall_v be_v void_a as_o thrine_n say_v 11._o h._n 4._o 213._o b._n for_o those_o law_n be_v make_v by_o ecclesiastical_a policy_n and_o therefore_o the_o same_o policy_n may_v dispense_v with_o those_o law_n permissio_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la officium_fw-la legis_fw-la quia_fw-la lex_fw-la ad_fw-la fert_fw-la necessitatem_fw-la reg._n i._o c._n permission_n be_v not_o the_o office_n of_o the_o law_n for_o the_o law_n bring_v necessity_n as_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o w._n 2._o land_n be_v permit_v to_o be_v entail_v and_o usury_n also_o by_o many_o statute_n yet_o can_v they_o not_o proper_o be_v term_v law_n and_o statute_n confessus_fw-la in_o judicio_fw-la pro_fw-la judicato_fw-la habetur_fw-la &_o quodam_fw-la modo_fw-la sva_fw-la sententia_fw-la damnatur_fw-la coke_n l._n 11._o f._n 30._o he_o who_o confess_v in_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n be_v hold_v adjudge_v and_o in_o a_o certain_a manner_n be_v condemn_v by_o his_o own_o mouth_n or_o sentence_n and_o therefore_o the_o attainder_n in_o confession_n be_v the_o strong_a attainder_n may_v be_v for_o the_o vehement_a presumption_n it_o have_v of_o truth_n for_o it_o shall_v be_v absurd_a to_o say_v that_o he_o have_v not_o do_v such_o a_o felony_n since_o the_o party_n himself_o have_v confess_v it_o to_o the_o destruction_n of_o he_o and_o all_o his_o offspring_n and_o the_o case_n of_o confession_n be_v a_o strong_a case_n than_o guiltiness_n by_o verdict_n for_o though_o he_o be_v find_v guilty_a by_o verdict_n yet_o may_v he_o be_v innocent_a and_o therefore_o at_o the_o common_a law_n he_o may_v have_v his_o clergy_n and_o make_v his_o purgation_n but_o if_o he_o have_v confess_v the_o offence_n upon_o record_n he_o shall_v not_o have_v his_o clergy_n at_o the_o common_a law_n because_o he_o can_v not_o make_v his_o purgation_n when_o the_o court_n find_v his_o confession_n on_o record_n for_o in_o the_o intendment_n of_o the_o law_n he_o can_v contrary_v his_o express_n and_o voluntary_a confession_n in_o court_n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la in_o praesentia_fw-la majoris_fw-la cessat_fw-la potentia_fw-la minoris_fw-la manhood_n in_o ployd_a f._n 498._o a._n in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o great_a power_n the_o lesser_a power_n cease_v all_o the_o justice_n agree_v that_o the_o ordinary_a the_o patron_n and_o king_n aught_o to_o agree_v in_o make_v a_o impropriation_n and_o the_o ordinary_a be_v the_o principal_a aagent_n in_o it_o in_o that_o he_o have_v the_o spiritual_a jurisdiction_n and_o the_o act_n of_o appropriation_n be_v a_o thing_n spiritual_a and_o what_o the_o ordinary_a of_o the_o diasis_n may_v do_v that_o the_o pope_n use_v to_o do_v in_o the_o realm_n as_o supreme_a ordinary_n and_o be_v a_o long_a time_n suffer_v so_o to_o do_v and_o do_v use_v to_o make_v appropriation_n without_o the_o bishop_n which_o be_v take_v to_o be_v good_a and_o the_o bishop_n never_o contradict_v but_o accept_v they_o as_o good_a for_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o great_a the_o power_n of_o the_o lesser_a cease_v and_o in_o all_o ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n his_o authority_n be_v take_v as_o absolute_a and_o do_v bind_v the_o bishop_n as_o his_o inferior_a in_o all_o act_n now_o such_o authority_n and_o jurisdiction_n as_o the_o pope_n use_v within_o this_o realm_n be_v acknowledge_v by_o the_o parliament_n 25._o h._n 8_o and_o other_o statute_n to_o be_v in_o the_o king_n and_o that_o he_o may_v lawful_o do_v all_o that_o the_o pope_n be_v accustom_v and_o use_v to_o do_v within_o this_o realm_n and_o from_o he_o it_o descend_v to_o his_o son_n edward_n who_o as_o superame_v ordinary_a do_v make_v the_o appropriation_n of_o his_o own_o authority_n and_o jurisdiction_n without_o the_o bishop_n and_o do_v put_v these_o word_n in_o his_o charter_n authoritate_fw-la nostra_fw-la regius_fw-la &_o ecclesiastica_fw-la qua_fw-la fungimur_fw-la vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la vectigal_n ab_fw-la origine_fw-la ipsa_fw-la jus_o caesarum_fw-la est_fw-la &_o patrimoniale_a lex_fw-la imperatoria_fw-la custom_n from_o the_o beginning_n be_v the_o right_a and_o patrimony_n of_o caesar_n and_o emperor_n and_o be_v call_v vectigalia_fw-la a_o mercibus_fw-la evectis_fw-la &_o invectis_fw-la from_o merchandize_n export_v and_o import_v for_o custom_n be_v a_o prerogative_n and_o benefit_n to_o which_o king_n and_o prince_n be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n entitle_v and_o as_o the_o law_n nation_n be_v before_o king_n so_o king_n be_v make_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n ex_fw-la jure_fw-la gentium_fw-la originem_fw-la svam_fw-la traxerunt_fw-la baldus_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v make_v king_n present_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n do_v annex_v the_o prerogative_n of_o custom_n to_o their_o several_a crown_n so_o say_v baldus_n cum_fw-la creatus_fw-la fuerit_fw-la rex_fw-la omne_fw-la regalia_z ei_fw-la conceduntur_fw-la &_o competit_fw-la omnibus_fw-la regibus_fw-la jus_o imponendi_fw-la vectigalia_fw-la when_o a_o king_n be_v create_v all_o royal_a incident_n be_v grant_v to_o he_o and_o the_o right_n of_o impose_v custom_n appertain_v to_o all_o king_n wherein_o the_o rule_n of_o our_o law_n as_o davis_n observe_v f._n 12._o be_v agreeable_a with_o those_o of_o the_o imperial_a law_n for_o we_o also_o say_v that_o custom_n be_v the_o ancient_a inheritance_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o that_o inheret_fw-la sceptro_fw-la and_o be_v as_o ancient_a as_o the_o crown_n itself_o and_o be_v due_a by_o common_a right_n and_o by_o prescription_n and_o not_o by_o the_o grant_n and_o benevolence_n of_o merchant_n or_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n dier_n 165._o b._n and_o whereas_o by_o the_o imperial_a law_n primaria_fw-la vectigalium_fw-la causa_fw-la ac_fw-la ratio_fw-la fuit_fw-la ut_fw-la plana_fw-la tutaque_fw-la mercatori_fw-la praetereunti_fw-la itinera_fw-la praestarentur_fw-la plin._n l._n 19_o c._n 4._o the_o first_o cause_n and_o reason_n of_o custom_n be_v that_o plain_a and_o safe_a voyage_n shall_v be_v exhibit_v and_o assure_v to_o the_o merchant_n and_o in_o our_o
shall_v give_v notice_n of_o the_o say_a felony_n to_o some_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o any_o village_n or_o hamler_n next_o the_o place_n where_o the_o robbery_n be_v do_v and_o that_o if_o in_o their_o pursuit_n they_o take_v any_o of_o the_o offender_n that_o shall_v excuse_v they_o though_o they_o do_v not_o take_v all_o see_v there_o in_o that_o statute_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o alteration_n co._n l._n 6._o f._n 50._o a._n b._n at_o the_o common_a law_n a_o man_n that_o have_v once_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o clergy_n shall_v have_v it_o another_o time_n and_o so_o in_o infinitum_fw-la which_o be_v remedy_v by_o the_o act_n of_o 4_o h._n 7._o so_o as_o the_o burn_a in_o the_o hand_n be_v not_o to_o other_o purpose_n but_o to_o notify_v to_o the_o judge_n whether_o he_o have_v have_v his_o clergy_n before_o or_o no_o ibid._n so_o if_o one_o be_v attaint_v at_o the_o common_a law_n for_o forge_v false_a deed_n the_o king_n can_v pardon_v it_o yet_o the_o king_n may_v pardon_v the_o corporal_a punishment_n in_o case_n of_o forgery_n in_o the_o star-chamber_n because_o all_o suit_n in_o the_o star-chamber_n be_v but_o information_n for_o the_o king_n though_o the_o suit_n be_v exhibit_v by_o the_o party_n ibidem_fw-la so_o before_o the_o statute_n of_o 18_o eliz._n c._n 7._o the_o king_n may_v in_o case_n of_o indictment_n of_o man_n slaughter_n pardon_v the_o imprisonment_n 15_o h._n 7.9_o but_o not_o in_o a_o appeal_n but_o after_o the_o statute_n of_o 18_o eliz._n by_o which_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o after_o clergy_n allow_v and_o burn_a in_o the_o hand_n the_o prisoner_n shall_v present_o be_v enlarge_v and_o deliver_v out_o of_o prison_n it_o be_v resolve_v that_o that_o act_n do_v extend_v as_o well_o to_o the_o case_n of_o appeal_n as_o to_o the_o case_n of_o inditement_n otherwise_o the_o party_n shall_v lawful_o be_v discharge_v of_o his_o punishment_n and_o yet_o remain_v in_o perpetual_a prison_n ib._n vide_fw-la examen_fw-la legum_fw-la angliae_fw-la f._n 29._o cessante_fw-la ratione_fw-la legis_fw-la câ—ssat_fw-la lex_fw-la coke_n come_v f._n 70._o b._n the_o reason_n of_o the_o law_n cease_v the_o law_n itself_o cease_v as_o he_o that_o hold_v his_o land_n by_o escuage_z when_o the_o king_n make_v a_o voyage_n royal_a into_o scotland_n to_o subdue_v the_o scot_n than_o he_o that_o hold_v by_o the_o service_n of_o one_o knight_n fee_n aught_o to_o be_v with_o the_o king_n convenient_o array_v for_o the_o war_n for_o forty_o day_n etc._n etc._n yet_o need_v he_o not_o go_v with_o the_o king_n himself_o if_o he_o will_v find_v another_o man_n and_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v good_a reason_n for_o it_o may_v be_v he_o be_v languish_v so_o that_o he_o can_v go_v nor_o ride_v also_o a_o abbot_n or_o another_o man_n of_o religion_n or_o a_o feme-sole_a which_o hold_v by_o such_o service_n ought_v not_o go_v in_o proper_a person_n littleton_n ibidem_fw-la quia_fw-la multa_fw-la in_o jure_fw-la communi_fw-la propter_fw-la rationabilem_fw-la causam_fw-la omittenda_fw-la sunt_fw-la for_o many_o thing_n for_o a_o reasonable_a cause_n be_v to_o be_v omit_v if_o the_o king_n give_v land_n to_o a_o abbot_n and_o his_o successor_n to_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n this_o have_v be_v good_a and_o shall_v do_v homage_n and_o fine_a a_o man_n but_o there_o be_v no_o wardship_n or_o relief_n or_o other_o incident_a belong_v thereunto_o but_o if_o the_o abbot_n and_o his_o heir_n have_v convey_v the_o land_n to_o a_o natural_a man_n and_o his_o heir_n now_o the_o wardship_n relief_n or_o other_o incident_a belong_v of_o common_a right_n to_o the_o king_n so_o if_o the_o king_n give_v land_n to_o a_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o their_o successor_n to_o be_v hold_v in_o knights-service_n the_o patentee_n shall_v do_v no_o homage_n neither_o shall_v there_o be_v any_o wardship_n or_o relief_n only_o they_o shall_v find_v a_o man_n but_o if_o they_o convey_v the_o land_n to_o any_o natural_a man_n and_o his_o heir_n now_o marriage_n homage_n ward_n relief_n or_o other_o incident_n belong_v hereunto_o for_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o law_n be_v change_v the_o law_n its_o self_n be_v change_v and_o the_o immunity_n which_o be_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o body_n politic_a by_o conveyance_n over_o cease_v coke_n ibid._n qui_fw-la rationem_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la quaerunt_fw-la rationem_fw-la subvertant_fw-la theophrastus_n coke_n l._n 2_o f._n 7.30_o who_o do_v seek_v reason_n in_o all_o thing_n overthrow_n reason_n as_o if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o lease_n of_o indenture_n for_o life_n of_o land_n in_o several_a county_n and_o make_v livery_n of_o seisin_n in_o one_o county_n and_o divers_a day_n after_o he_o make_v livery_n in_o the_o other_o county_n yet_o a_o entire_a rent_n shall_v issue_v out_o of_o the_o land_n in_o both_o county_n and_o yet_o the_o livery_n by_o which_o the_o estate_n pass_v be_v make_v at_o several_a time_n and_o therefore_o it_o may_v be_v argue_v that_o present_o by_o the_o first_o livery_n the_o rent_n issue_v out_o of_o it_o but_o the_o law_n shall_v not_o adjudge_v by_o parcel_n in_o subversion_n of_o the_o intent_n and_o agreement_n of_o the_o party_n but_o after_o all_o act_n be_v make_v in_o performance_n of_o the_o original_a contract_n and_o agreement_n of_o the_o party_n the_o law_n shall_v adjudge_v upon_o all_o as_o do_v at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n so_o if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o charter_n of_o feoffment_n with_o warranty_n and_o deliver_v the_o deed_n to_o the_o feoffee_n and_o after_o at_o another_o time_n make_v livery_n secundum_fw-la formam_fw-la chartae_fw-la yet_o the_o warranty_n be_v good_a and_o yet_o it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o when_o the_o deed_n be_v deliver_v no_o estate_n pass_v to_o which_o the_o warranty_n may_v be_v annex_v nor_o no_o estate_n be_v in_o the_o feoffee_n by_o which_o the_o deed_n may_v enure_v and_o so_o by_o nice_a construction_n upon_o the_o distinction_n of_o time_n the_o warranty_n shall_v be_v subvert_v but_o the_o deed_n which_o comprehend_v the_o warranty_n take_v effect_v present_o by_o the_o delivery_n of_o the_o deed_n before_o livery_n and_o seisin_n and_o therefore_o the_o sentence_n be_v true_a that_o who_o do_v seek_v reason_n in_o all_o thing_n subvert_v reason_n ibidem_fw-la sect_n ii_o a_o verbis_fw-la legis_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la recedendum_fw-la coke_n l._n 5._o f._n 118._o b._n we_o ought_v not_o to_o go_v from_o the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n edriches_n casc_n a._n devise_v rend_v with_o distress_n to_o b._n for_o the_o life_n of_o c._n the_o heir_n lease_v the_o land_n for_o life_n to_o d._n the_o remainder_n to_o e._n in_o see_v the_o rent_n be_v behind_o in_o the_o life_n of_o d._n d._n die_v c._n die_v b._n distrain_v for_o the_o arrearage_n of_o e._n in_o remainder_n and_o resolve_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v charge_v by_o the_o second_o branch_n of_o 32_o h._n 8._o c._n 37._o which_o give_v a_o distress_n for_o the_o arrearage_n upon_o such_o land_n out_o of_o which_o the_o say_v rent_n be_v issue_v in_o such_o manner_n and_o form_n as_o if_o cestuy_a que_fw-fr vie_fw-fr have_v be_v live_v and_o the_o judge_n say_v that_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o make_v any_o interpretation_n against_o the_o express_a letter_n of_o the_o statute_n for_o nothing_o can_v so_o express_v the_o intent_n of_o the_o maker_n of_o the_o act_n as_o their_o direct_a word_n themselves_o for_o index_n animi_fw-la seâ—mo_fw-la and_o it_o shall_v be_v perilous_a to_o give_v scope_n to_o make_v construction_n in_o any_o case_n against_o the_o express_a word_n when_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o maker_n appear_v not_o to_o the_o contrary_a and_o when_o no_o inconvenience_n upon_o it_o shall_v arise_v for_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o go_v from_o the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la coke_n l._n 10_o f._n 105._o a._n b._n if_o in_o a_o assize_n so_o many_o of_o the_o recognitor_n make_v default_n that_o there_o be_v not_o twelve_o the_o justice_n of_o assize_n can_v award_v tales_n de_fw-fr circumstantibus_fw-la for_o though_o the_o justice_n of_o assize_n be_v name_v in_o the_o say_a act_n of_o 35_o h._n 8._o as_o well_o as_o the_o justice_n of_o nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la yet_o insomuch_o as_o the_o say_a act_n do_v not_o give_v power_n to_o justice_n of_o assize_n or_o nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la but_o where_o the_o trial_n shall_v be_v by_o twelve_o man_n in_o any_o writ_n of_o habeas_fw-la corpora_fw-la or_o distringas_fw-la with_o nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la and_o it_o can_v be_v in_o a_o assize_n for_o assisae_fw-la capiamur_fw-la in_o proprio_fw-la comitatu_fw-la and_o can_v never_o be_v take_v by_o nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la in_o proprio_fw-la commitatu_fw-la and_o no_o exposition_n can_v be_v make_v against_o the_o express_a word_n for_o that_o shall_v be_v viperina_fw-la expositio_fw-la quae_fw-la
dower_n and_o distrain_v the_o tenant_n albeit_o the_o grant_n of_o mesne_n be_v to_o acquit_v he_o against_o the_o lord_n and_o his_o heir_n only_o yet_o because_o she_o continue_v the_o state_n of_o her_o husband_n and_o the_o reversion_n remain_v in_o the_o heir_n this_o grant_n of_o the_o acquittal_n do_v extend_v to_o his_o wife_n for_o qui_fw-la haeret_fw-la quoties_fw-la in_o verbis_fw-la nulla_fw-la est_fw-la ambiguitas_fw-la ibi_fw-la nulla_fw-la expositio_fw-la contra_fw-la verba_fw-la ipsa_fw-la fienda_fw-la est_fw-la coke_n l._n 7._o f._n 24._o a._n so_o often_o as_o there_o be_v no_o ambiguity_n nor_o doubt_n in_o the_o word_n there_o no_o exposition_n against_o the_o express_a word_n be_v to_o be_v make_v if_o a._n by_o deed_n grant_v rend_v out_o of_o the_o manor_n of_o d._n to_o have_v and_o receive_v it_o to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n and_o further_o grant_v by_o the_o same_o deed_n that_o if_o the_o rent_n be_v behind_o that_o the_o grant_n shall_v distrain_v in_o the_o manor_n of_o s._n both_o the_o manor_n be_v charge_v the_o one_o with_o the_o rent_n the_o other_o with_o the_o distress_n for_o the_o rent_n the_o one_o issue_v out_o of_o the_o land_n and_o the_o other_o be_v to_o be_v take_v upon_o the_o land_n for_o here_o a_o rent_n be_v grant_v express_o to_o be_v issue_v out_o of_o the_o manor_n of_o d._n and_o the_o party_n have_v express_o limit_v out_o of_o which_o land_n the_o rent_n shall_v issue_v and_o in_o which_o the_o distress_n shall_v be_v take_v and_o the_o law_n shall_v not_o make_v any_o exposition_n against_o the_o express_a word_n and_o intention_n of_o the_o party_n when_o it_o can_v stand_v with_o the_o rule_n of_o law_n for_o where_o there_o be_v no_o ambiguity_n in_o the_o word_n there_o be_v no_o exposition_n to_o be_v make_v contrary_a to_o the_o express_a word_n ibidem_fw-la in_o calvin_n case_n exception_n exception_n yet_o as_o mr._n ploydon_n say_v f._n 18._o b._n the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o the_o law_n of_o god_n will_v yield_v and_o give_v place_n to_o some_o act_n and_o thing_n do_v against_o the_o word_n of_o the_o same_o law_n and_o that_o be_v when_o they_o be_v infringe_v to_o avoid_v great_a inconvenience_n or_o for_o necessity_n or_o by_o conpulsion_n for_o inconvenience_n it_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o the_o law_n that_o factum_fw-la unius_fw-la alteri_fw-la nocere_fw-la non_fw-la debet_fw-la no_o man_n deed_n ought_v to_o hurt_v another_o but_o there_o be_v another_o maxim_n that_o it_o be_v better_a to_o suffer_v a_o mischief_n than_o a_o inconvenience_n which_o be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o it_o coke_n come_v 152._o b._n as_o if_o there_o be_v lord_n mesne_n and_o tenant_n and_o the_o tenant_n hold_v of_o the_o mesne_n by_o five_o shilling_n and_o the_o mesne_n hold_v over_o by_o the_o service_n of_o twelve_o penny_n if_o the_o lord_n purchase_v the_o tenancy_n the_o mesnalty_n be_v extinct_a because_o when_o the_o lord_n have_v the_o tenancy_n he_o hold_v of_o the_o lord_n next_o parament_n to_o he_o and_o if_o he_o shall_v hold_v of_o he_o that_o be_v mesne_n than_o he_o shall_v hold_v the_o same_o tenancy_n immediate_o of_o two_o lord_n which_o shall_v be_v inconvenient_a and_o the_o law_n will_v that_o we_o rather_o suffer_v a_o mischief_n then_o a_o inconvenience_n littleton_n so_o as_o the_o rule_n be_v regular_o true_a res_fw-la inter_fw-la alios_fw-la acta_fw-la alteri_fw-la nocere_fw-la non_fw-la debet_fw-la what_o thing_n be_v act_v among_o some_o must_v not_o hurt_v a_o other_o but_o with_o this_o exception_n unless_o a_o inconvenience_n shall_v follow_v coke_n ibidem_fw-la so_o it_o be_v a_o maxim_n in_o the_o law_n that_o a_o warranty_n of_o a_o collateral_a ancestor_n if_o it_o descend_v upon_o he_o shall_v bar_v the_o heir_n as_o if_o a._n disseise_v b._n of_o land_n and_o sell_v the_o land_n and_o the_o alienee_n obtain_v a_o warranty_n of_o the_o ancestor_n collateral_a to_o the_o disseissee_fw-fr after_o who_o death_n the_o warranty_n descend_v upon_o the_o disseissee_fw-fr the_fw-fr disseissee_fw-fr by_o descent_n of_o the_o warranty_n upon_o he_o be_v bar_v for_o ever_o in_o law_n doctor_n and_o student_n l._n 2._o c._n 501._o but_o though_o they_o all_o offend_v in_o obtain_v of_o the_o say_v collateral_a warranty_n yet_o such_o a_o offence_n be_v not_o to_o be_v consider_v in_o the_o law_n for_o the_o inconvenience_n that_o thereupon_o may_v ensue_v for_o it_o be_v hold_v for_o a_o inconvenience_n as_o coke_n say_v com._n 152_o b._n that_o any_o of_o the_o maxim_n of_o the_o law_n shall_v be_v break_v though_o a_o private_a man_n suffer_v loss_n for_o that_o by_o infringe_v of_o a_o maxim_n not_o only_o a_o general_a prejudice_n to_o many_o but_o in_o the_o end_n a_o public_a incertainty_n and_o confusion_n will_v follow_v &_o lex_fw-la citius_fw-la tolerarâ—_n vult_fw-la privatum_fw-la damnum_fw-la quam_fw-la publicum_fw-la malum_fw-la and_o law_n will_v soon_o suffer_v a_o private_a injury_n than_o a_o public_a evil_n neither_o in_o such_o case_n be_v there_o any_o remedy_n to_o be_v have_v in_o the_o chancery_n or_o in_o conscience_n for_o it_o be_v resolve_v in_o beverlys_n case_n coke_n l._n 4._o f._n 124._o a._n that_o against_o a_o express_a maxim_n of_o the_o common_a law_n no_o man_n shall_v have_v relief_n in_o chancery_n for_o it_o shall_v be_v in_o subversion_n of_o a_o principle_n or_o ground_n of_o law_n doctor_n and_o student_n ibidem_fw-la vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la so_o ployd_v 18._o b._n it_o be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n to_o beat_v the_o person_n of_o any_o man_n in_o any_o case_n yet_o when_o a_o man_n be_v mad_a and_o of_o non_fw-la sanae_fw-la memoriae_fw-la and_o do_v much_o evil_a a_o man_n and_o his_o parent_n also_o may_v take_v he_o bind_v he_o and_o beat_v he_o with_o rod_n and_o may_v justify_v it_o 22._o ass_n pl._n 56._o and_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o mar._n it_o be_v general_o prohibit_v that_o none_o shall_v drive_v any_o distress_n out_o of_o one_o county_n into_o another_o and_o yet_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o if_o one_o hold_v land_n of_o a_o manor_n in_o another_o county_n that_o the_o lord_n may_v distrain_v and_o drive_v the_o distress_n of_o the_o land_n hold_v of_o the_o manor_n in_o the_o county_n where_o the_o manor_n be_v and_o that_o be_v in_o avoidance_n of_o the_o inconvenience_n for_o it_o shall_v be_v a_o great_a damage_n to_o the_o lord_n if_o he_o shall_v not_o drive_v the_o distress_n to_o his_o own_o manor_n for_o the_o avoidance_n of_o which_o the_o law_n be_v not_o offend_v although_o the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n be_v break_v m._n 1._o h._n 6._o pl._n f._n 3._o a_o man_n privilege_v in_o some_o court_n be_v sue_v in_o london_n and_o the_o action_n be_v actionable_a no_o where_n else_o yet_o upon_o a_o supersedeas_fw-la the_o court_n shall_v surcease_v finch_n nomot_n and_o we_o see_v also_o that_o necessity_n in_o all_o law_n shall_v be_v a_o good_a excuse_n and_o that_o all_o law_n give_v place_n to_o necessity_n according_a to_o the_o common_a proverb_n necessitas_fw-la non_fw-la habet_fw-la legem_fw-la necessity_n have_v no_o law_n and_o therefore_o in_o a_o praecipe_n quod_fw-la reddat_fw-la the_o tenant_n shall_v excuse_v his_o default_n by_o a_o flood_n of_o water_n and_o yet_o every_o default_n be_v abhor_v in_o our_o law_n because_o it_o be_v a_o contempt_n of_o the_o court_n but_o because_o by_o peril_n of_o death_n he_o can_v not_o come_v the_o necessity_n of_o the_o chance_n in_o such_o case_n in_o regard_n there_o be_v no_o default_n in_o he_o shall_v excuse_v he_o m._n 38._o h._n 6._o 11._o so_o the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n of_o god_n may_v be_v infringe_v by_o necessity_n without_o offence_n to_o god_n and_o therefore_o in_o the_o old_a law_n by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n it_o be_v prohibit_v that_o none_o shall_v eat_v of_o the_o show_n bread_n and_o yet_o it_o appear_v that_o david_n for_o necessity_n of_o famine_n do_v eat_v the_o say_a bread_n and_o yet_o he_o do_v not_o break_v the_o law_n as_o our_o saviour_n christ_n declare_v in_o the_o gospel_n so_o the_o apostle_n of_o our_o saviour_n do_v pull_v the_o ear_n of_o corn_n of_o other_o person_n and_o do_v eat_v they_o and_o that_o for_o necessity_n of_o famine_n ploydon_n f._n 19_o a._n so_o if_o a_o man_n steal_v victual_n to_o satisfy_v his_o present_a hunger_n this_o be_v no_o felony_n nor_o larceny_n stanford_n because_o it_o be_v for_o the_o conservation_n of_o life_n and_o if_o diverse_a be_v in_o danger_n of_o drown_v by_o the_o cast_n away_o of_o some_o boat_n or_o barge_n and_o one_o of_o they_o get_v to_o some_o plank_n or_o on_o the_o beat_v side_n to_o keep_v he_o above_o water_n and_o
a_o bond_n or_o a_o deed_n coke_n come_v 253_o b_o for_o the_o law_n have_v a_o special_a regard_n to_o the_o safety_n and_o liberty_n of_o man_n if_o one_o make_v i_o swear_v to_o surrender_v my_o estate_n unto_o he_o and_o i_o do_v so_o afterward_o this_o be_v a_o disseisin_n to_o i_o 14_o ass_n pl._n 20._o one_o imprison_v until_o he_o make_v a_o obligation_n at_o another_o place_n and_o after_o he_o do_v so_o when_o he_o be_v at_o large_a it_o be_v by_o duresse_n of_o imprisonment_n 21_o e._n 4._o 28._o if_o i_o threaten_v you_o in_o one_o county_n to_o make_v a_o obligation_n of_o twenty_o pound_n and_o after_o i_o find_v you_o in_o another_o county_n and_o demand_v the_o obligation_n the_o obligation_n be_v avoidable_a because_o it_o have_v respect_n to_o the_o first_o threaten_v kelleway_n f._n 52._o b._n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la 2_o marriage_n procure_v by_o duresse_n to_o be_v avoidable_o if_o a_o stranger_n threaten_v a._n to_o make_v a_o deed_n to_o b._n a._n shall_v avoid_v the_o deed_n by_o such_o threaten_a coke_n l._n 2._o f_o 9_o b._n as_o well_o as_o if_o b._n himself_o have_v make_v the_o threaten_a but_o it_o be_v no_o plea_n without_o make_v the_o obligee_n party_n to_o the_o plea._n if_o the_o hand_n of_o any_o man_n be_v draw_v by_o compulsion_n and_o the_o weapon_n in_o his_o hand_n kill_v another_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v felony_n ployd_v f._n 18._o a._n modus_fw-la &_o conventio_fw-la vincunt_fw-la legem_fw-la coke_n come_v f._n h._n 41_o b._n manner_n and_o covenant_n overcome_v the_o law_n as_o to_o every_o tenant_n for_o life_n or_o for_o year_n by_o law_n be_v incident_a three_o kind_n of_o estover_n house-boot_n which_o be_v twofold_a aedificandi_fw-la &_o ardendi_fw-la plow-boot_n estoverium_fw-la arandi_fw-la and_o last_o hay-boot_n that_o be_v estoverium_fw-la claudendi_fw-la and_o these_o estover_n must_v be_v reasonable_a and_o therefore_o be_v they_o caâ—â—ed_v rationabilia_fw-la estoveria_fw-la and_o those_o the_o lessee_n may_v take_v upon_o the_o land_n without_o any_o assignment_n unless_o hold_v or_o restrain_v by_o a_o special_a covenant_n for_o modus_fw-la &_o conventio_fw-la vincunt_fw-la legem_fw-la ibidem_fw-la coke_n l._n 2._o f._n 73._o b._n though_o recovery_n and_o fine_n do_v extinguish_v all_o other_o right_n and_o title_n yet_o the_o covenant_n and_o condition_n shall_v be_v save_v for_o modus_fw-la etc._n etc._n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la in_o cromwel_n case_n coke_n l._n 7._o f._n 28._o a._n in_o maunds_z case_n a_o rent_n grant_v to_o one_o and_o his_o assign_n pro_fw-la consilio_fw-la impendendo_fw-la it_o may_v be_v assign_v over_o by_o the_o express_a word_n of_o the_o grant_n which_o grant_v it_o to_o he_o and_o his_o assign_n though_o otherwise_o it_o can_v not_o for_o modus_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o law_n do_v not_o determine_v to_o who_o the_o tender_a shall_v be_v make_v when_o the_o party_n themselves_o express_o agree_v to_o who_o it_o shall_v be_v make_v dy._n as_o it_o be_v resolve_v in_o goodales_n case_n l._n 5._o f._n 97._o a._n that_o the_o payment_n to_o the_o assignee_n have_v not_o be_v good_a because_o the_o heir_n executor_n and_o administrator_n be_v express_o name_v and_o not_o assign_v as_o littleton_n upon_o a_o mortgage_n upon_o condition_n that_o he_o pay_v to_o the_o feoffee_n or_o his_o heir_n the_o tender_a aught_o to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o heir_n and_o not_o to_o the_o executor_n because_o the_o heir_n be_v express_o name_v glanvil_n say_v generaliter_fw-la est_fw-la verum_fw-la quod_fw-la conventio_fw-la vincit_fw-la legem_fw-la &_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la conventio_fw-la legi_fw-la dorogat_fw-la a_o agreement_n overcome_v and_o bar_v the_o law_n and_o ployd_v f._n 29._o a._n the_o manner_n and_o form_n of_o the_o gift_n alter_v the_o law_n as_o if_o house_n let_v for_o year_n be_v overthrow_v by_o tempest_n and_o wind_n the_o law_n will_v excuse_v the_o lessor_n in_o waist_n but_o if_o he_o have_v covenant_v to_o repair_v they_o and_o leave_v they_o well_o repair_v at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o term_n a_o action_n of_o covenant_n will_v lie_v against_o they_o a_o termor_n do_v covenant_n and_o agree_v pro_fw-la se_fw-la &_o executoribus_fw-la to_o repair_v and_o maintain_v the_o house_n and_o to_o find_v principal_a timber_n which_o be_v decay_v by_o the_o default_n of_o he_o or_o his_o executor_n and_o die_v and_o the_o house_n be_v burn_v in_o default_n of_o the_o executor_n and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v â—hat_n a_o writ_n of_o covenant_n in_o this_o case_n will_v lie_v against_o the_o executor_n and_o that_o damage_n shall_v be_v recover_v of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n and_o yet_o this_o happen_v by_o casualty_n dyer_n 324._o but_o the_o reason_n be_v modus_fw-la &c_n &c_n fulb._n l._n 2_o f._n 52._o and_o dyer_n 33._o the_o lessee_n of_o a_o meadow_n do_v covenant_n and_o agree_v to_o keep_v and_o maintain_v the_o bank_n in_o good_a repair_n and_o the_o say_a bank_n be_v drown_v or_o overflowen_v by_o high_a water_n or_o sudden_a flood_n yet_o the_o lessee_n be_v bind_v to_o repair_v and_o maintain_v they_o because_o of_o his_o covenant_n but_o according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o fitz._n and_o shelley_n because_o the_o decay_n of_o the_o bank_n be_v the_o act_n of_o god_n he_o ought_v to_o have_v convenient_a time_n to_o repair_v they_o if_o i_o be_v bond_n to_o i._o s._n to_o entermarry_v with_o such_o a_o daughter_n before_o such_o a_o day_n and_o before_o the_o day_n often_o tender_a myself_o to_o the_o daughter_n of_o the_o obligee_n to_o marry_v she_o and_o she_o refuse_v yet_o i_o have_v forfeit_v my_o obligation_n perk._n f._n 146._o b._n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la sheep_n be_v let_v and_o the_o lessee_n covenant_v to_o render_v the_o pole_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o term_n if_o they_o die_v of_o murren_n he_o shall_v answer_v for_o they_o 40_o e._n 3._o 2._o et_fw-la sic_fw-la interpretari_fw-la &_o concordare_fw-la leges_fw-la legibus_fw-la est_fw-la optimus_fw-la interpretandi_fw-la modus_fw-la and_o so_o to_o expound_v and_o to_o make_v law_n to_o agree_v together_o be_v the_o best_a manner_n of_o expound_v be_v the_o general_a rule_n give_v by_o sir_n edward_n coke_n when_o the_o ground_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o law_n seem_v to_o be_v at_o difference_n and_o variance_n between_o themselves_o coke_n l._n 8._o f._n 169._o a._n and_o which_o mr._n ployden_n also_o declare_v that_o maxim_n by_o reason_n ought_v to_o be_v confer_v and_o compare_v the_o one_o against_o the_o other_o although_o they_o do_v not_o vary_v or_o by_o reason_n ought_v to_o be_v discuss_v what_o thing_n be_v more_o near_o to_o the_o maxim_n or_o the_o mean_a between_o the_o maxim_n and_o what_o not_o ployd_v f_o 29_o a._n verba_fw-la fortius_fw-la acciptuntur_fw-la contra_fw-la proferentem_fw-la bac._n max._n f._n 9_o word_n be_v to_o be_v take_v strong_a against_o the_o speaker_n which_o rule_n as_o he_o say_v be_v draw_v out_o of_o the_o depth_n of_o reason_n for_o first_o it_o make_v a_o man_n watchful_a in_o his_o own_o business_n and_o grant_v and_o second_o it_o be_v the_o author_n of_o much_o quiet_a and_o certainty_n because_o it_o favour_v conveyance_n execute_v take_v they_o beneficial_o for_o the_o grantee_n and_o possessor_n as_o also_o because_o it_o make_v a_o end_n of_o many_o doubt_n concern_v the_o construction_n of_o word_n for_o if_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o party_n shall_v only_o be_v pick_v out_o every_o judge_n will_v have_v a_o several_a sense_n whereas_o by_o this_o rule_n they_o may_v know_v the_o law_n more_o certain_o and_o this_o rule_n have_v a_o special_a force_n in_o grant_n according_a to_o the_o ground_n quaelibet_fw-la concessio_fw-la forâ—issime_fw-la contra_fw-la danatorem_fw-la interpretanda_fw-la est_fw-la coke_n come_v 183._o a._n as_o if_o land_n be_v let_v and_o a_o rend_v grant_v the_o general_a intendment_n be_v that_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n pass_v but_o if_o the_o habendum_fw-la limit_v the_o same_o for_o year_n or_o for_o life_n or_o at_o will_n the_o habendum_fw-la do_v qualify_v the_o general_a intendment_n of_o the_o premise_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o every_o man_n grant_n shall_v be_v take_v by_o construction_n of_o law_n most_o forcible_a against_o himself_o and_o the_o reason_n thereof_o give_v by_o the_o civilian_n be_v because_o the_o grantor_n may_v have_v express_v his_o meaning_n in_o more_o full_a large_a and_o manifest_a word_n and_o therefore_o when_o the_o grant_n be_v incertain_a and_o the_o word_n of_o the_o grant_v ambiguous_a the_o grant_n must_v be_v take_v most_o strong_o against_o the_o grantor_n as_o if_o a_o man_n grant_v a_o annuity_n out_o of_o certain_a land_n and_o he_o have_v no_o land_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o grant_n yet_o the_o grant_n shall_v charge_v his_o person_n t._n 9_o h._n 6._o 12._o by_o babington_n and_o if_o a_o deed_n
of_o a_o grant_v be_v good_a in_o parcel_n and_o for_o parcel_n not_o that_o which_o be_v for_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o grantee_n shall_v be_v take_v to_o be_v good_a as_o if_o a_o man_n grant_v unto_o i_o a_o annuity_n provide_v that_o it_o shall_v not_o charge_v his_o person_n the_o proviso_n be_v void_a and_o the_o grant_v good_a 20_o e._n 4_o 8._o by_o townsend_n 14_o h._n 4._o 30._o by_o hank_n and_o if_o a_o annuity_n be_v grant_v pro_fw-la consilio_fw-la impendendo_fw-la though_o the_o grantee_n be_v well_o skill_v in_o divers_a profession_n of_o art_n yet_o counsel_n shall_v be_v give_v in_o that_o faculty_n only_o which_o be_v intend_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o grant_n 4._o 1._o e._n 3._o 6._o if_o the_o king_n grant_v to_o a_o man_n that_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n shall_v be_v quit_v of_o tax_n for_o the_o land_n which_o they_o have_v this_o be_v a_o good_a grant_n though_o there_o be_v no_o tax_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o grant_n 38_o h._n 6._o 10._o and_o so_o be_v the_o law_n of_o ten_o and_o fifteen_o ibidem_fw-la ployd_v f._n 29._o a._n if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o life_n and_o after_o the_o decease_n of_o tenant_n for_o life_n that_o the_o land_n redibus_fw-la to_o a._n b._n in_o fee_n it_o be_v hold_v a_o good_a remainder_n because_o it_o be_v hold_v for_o a_o principle_n that_o the_o livery_n of_o every_o one_o shall_v be_v take_v more_o strong_a against_o he_o 18_o e._n 3._o f._n 28._o if_o a_o man_n give_v land_n to_o one_o &_o haeredibus_fw-la it_o shall_v be_v a_o fee-simple_n without_o the_o word_n suis_fw-fr and_o though_o he_o do_v not_o give_v he_o a_o fee-simple_n express_o yet_o every_o man_n livery_n shall_v be_v take_v strong_a against_o he_o ployd_v f._n 18_o b.a._n if_o i_o make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n upon_o condition_n that_o one_o month_n after_o he_o shall_v have_v fee_n he_o shall_v have_v it_o after_o the_o month_n according_o for_o the_o thing_n shall_v pass_v according_a to_o the_o convention_n more_o strong_a against_o the_o donor_n ployd_v ibidem_fw-la so_o if_o i_o make_v a_o lease_n to_o two_o upon_o condition_n that_o if_o one_o do_v die_v within_o seven_o year_n that_o then_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o other_o it_o shall_v remain_v to_o a_o stranger_n in_o fee_n that_o remainder_n be_v good_a for_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o condition_n to_o give_v the_o estate_n to_o privy_n or_o stranger_n be_v all_o one_o in_o regard_n that_o he_o have_v first_o give_v a_o estate_n to_o which_o the_o condition_n may_v be_v annex_v for_o the_o livery_n and_o limitation_n shall_v be_v take_v strong_a against_o he_o that_o make_v it_o ibidem_fw-la if_o i_o give_v land_n to_o one_o &_o filio_fw-la svo_fw-la primogenito_fw-la and_o he_o have_v no_o son_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o gift_n and_o after_o he_o have_v a_o son_n that_o son_n shall_v have_v the_o land_n by_o way_n of_o remainder_n and_o yet_o the_o remainder_n be_v not_o out_o of_o the_o lessor_n neither_o do_v it_o vest_n at_o the_o time_n of_o livery_n but_o the_o law_n construeth_n the_o livery_n and_o limitation_n more_o strong_a against_o the_o lessor_n p._n 17_o e._n 3._o f._n 29._o ployd_v vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la if_o two_o tenant_n in_o common_a grant_n a_o rent_n of_o ten_o shilling_n this_o be_v several_a and_o the_o grantee_n shall_v have_v twenty_o shilling_n but_o if_o they_o make_v a_o lease_n and_o reserve_v ten_o shilling_n they_o shall_v have_v only_o ten_o shilling_n between_o they_o so_o a_o obligation_n to_o pay_v ten_o shilling_n at_o the_o feast_n of_o our_o lord_n god_n it_o be_v no_o plea_n to_o say_v that_o he_o do_v pay_v it_o but_o he_o must_v show_v at_o what_o time_n or_o else_o it_o will_v be_v take_v that_o he_o pay_v it_o after_o the_o feast_n for_o every_o act_n shall_v be_v take_v more_o strict_o against_o he_o that_o make_v it_o noy_n max._n f._n 15._o 2_o e._n 3._o p._n m_o f._n 140_o b._n &_o 161._o b._n a_o general_a pardon_n ought_v to_o be_v take_v more_o beneficial_o for_o the_o subject_a against_o the_o king_n 37_o h._n 8._o f._n 21._o coke_n l._n 4._o vaughan_n case_n if_o i._o s._n submit_v himself_o to_o arbitrement_n of_o all_o action_n and_o suit_v between_o he_o and_o i_o d._n and_o i._n n._n it_o shall_v be_v intend_v collective_a of_o joint_a action_n and_o distributive_a of_o several_a action_n also_o because_o the_o word_n shall_v be_v take_v strong_a against_o he_o that_o speak_v 2._o r._n 3._o 18._o 21._o h._n 7._o 29._o if_o i_o grant_v 10_o l._n rend_v to_o baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr and_o if_o the_o baron_n die_v the_o feme_fw-fr shall_v have_v three_o pound_n rend_v it_o shall_v be_v strong_a take_v against_o i_o the_o grantor_n for_o three_o pound_n addition_n to_o the_o ten_o 8._o ass_n pl._n 10._o so_o if_o i_o sow_v all_o my_o land_n with_o corn_n and_o let_v it_o for_o year_n the_o corn_n pass_v to_o the_o lessee_n if_o i_o except_o it_o not_o so_o if_o i_o have_v a_o free_a warren_n in_o my_o own_o land_n and_o let_v my_o land_n for_o life_n not_o mention_v the_o warren_n yet_o the_o lessee_n by_o implication_n shall_v have_v the_o warren_n discharge_v and_o extract_v during_o the_o lease_n 8._o a._n 7_o 32._o h._n 6._o if_o i._o give_v land_n to_o i._o s._n and_o his_o heir_n male_n this_o be_v a_o good_a fee-simple_n and_o the_o word_n male_n be_v void_a bac._n max._n f._n 12._o vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la yet_o this_o rule_n also_o fail_v when_o another_o which_o the_o law_n hold_v worthy_a come_v in_o place_n and_o which_o be_v of_o more_o equity_n and_o humanity_n it_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n valeant_fw-la eo_fw-la modo_fw-la quo_fw-la valere_fw-la possunt_fw-la and_o at_o the_o common_a law_n benignae_fw-la faciendae_fw-la sunt_fw-la interpretationes_fw-la chartarum_fw-la propter_fw-la simplicitatem_fw-la laicorum_fw-la ut_fw-la res_fw-la magis_fw-la valeat_fw-la quam_fw-la pereat_fw-la coke_n come_v f._n 30_o b._n the_o interpretation_n of_o deed_n and_o charter_n because_o of_o the_o simplicity_n of_o the_o people_n be_v favourable_o to_o be_v make_v that_o the_o thing_n may_v rather_o stand_v and_o subsist_v then_o fall_v and_o perish_v and_o let_v all_o thing_n stand_v by_o the_o same_o mean_n they_o may_v stand_v and_o therefore_o if_o i_o give_v land_n to_o i._o s._n and_o his_o heir_n render_v five_o pound_n yearly_a to_o i._o d._n and_o his_o heir_n this_o impli_v a_o condition_n to_o i_o that_o be_o the_o grantor_n littleton_n yet_o be_v it_o a_o strong_a exposition_n against_o i_o to_o say_v that_o the_o limitation_n shall_v be_v void_a and_o the_o feoffment_n absolute_a so_o if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o lease_n to_o a._n for_o year_n and_o after_o by_o his_o deed_n the_o lessor_n voluit_fw-la quod_fw-la haberet_fw-la &_o teneret_fw-la terram_fw-la pro_fw-la termino_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la will_v that_o he_o shall_v have_v and_o hold_v the_o land_n for_o term_v of_o his_o life_n this_o be_v adjudge_v by_o the_o word_n volo_fw-la to_o be_v a_o good_a confirmation_n for_o life_n coke_n come_v f._n 301._o b._n though_o it_o be_v strong_a to_o say_v those_o word_n be_v void_a because_o they_o be_v not_o proper_a word_n of_o confirmation_n so_o if_o the_o disseisor_n grant_v a_o rent_n to_o the_o disseisee_fw-mi and_o he_o by_o his_o deed_n grant_v it_o over_o and_o after_o do_v re-enter_v in_o this_o case_n one_o and_o the_o same_o word_n do_v amount_v to_o a_o grant_n and_o a_o confirmation_n so_o if_o the_o disseisor_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o life_n or_o in_o tail_n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o disseisse_n in_o fee_n and_o the_o disseissor_n by_o his_o deed_n grant_v over_o the_o remainder_n and_o the_o particular_a tenant_n atturn_v the_o disseissee_fw-fr shall_v not_o enter_v upon_o the_o tenant_n for_o life_n or_o in_o tail_n for_o than_o he_o shall_v avoid_v his_o own_o grant_n which_o amount_v to_o a_o grant_n of_o the_o estate_n and_o a_o confirmation_n also_o ne_fw-la pereat_fw-la coke_n ibidem_fw-la 302._o so_o if_o a_o enfeoff_v another_o upon_o condition_n that_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n shall_v render_v to_o a_o stranger_n and_o his_o heir_n a_o yearly_a rent_n of_o twenty_o shilling_n although_o this_o reservation_n be_v mere_o void_a for_o that_o no_o estate_n move_v from_o the_o stranger_n and_o that_o he_o be_v not_o party_n to_o the_o deed_n and_o therefore_o can_v be_v no_o rent_n yet_o shall_v it_o be_v take_v for_o a_o penalty_n or_o for_o a_o annual_a sum_n in_o gross_a so_o as_o if_o they_o will_v not_o pay_v it_o according_a to_o the_o form_n of_o the_o indenture_n they_o shall_v loose_v the_o land_n by_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o feoffor_a and_o his_o heir_n which_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o
word_n in_o a_o condition_n shall_v be_v take_v out_o of_o their_o proper_a sense_n ut_fw-la res_fw-la magis_fw-la valeat_fw-la quam_fw-la pereat_fw-la coke_n come_v 213._o a._n if_o one_o give_v land_n to_o two_o and_o the_o heir_n of_o their_o two_o body_n engender_v the_o donee_n have_v joint_a estate_n for_o life_n and_o several_a inheritance_n for_o if_o one_o of_o the_o donee_n have_v issue_n and_o die_v the_o other_o shall_v have_v all_o by_o survivor_n during_o his_o life_n but_o if_o the_o survivor_n have_v issue_n and_o die_v than_o the_o issue_n of_o the_o one_o shall_v have_v the_o one_o moiety_n and_o the_o issue_n of_o the_o other_o the_o other_o moiety_n of_o the_o land_n and_o shall_v hold_v the_o land_n together_o in_o common_a and_o the_o cause_n why_o they_o shall_v have_v several_a inheritance_n be_v for_o that_o they_o can_v by_o any_o possibility_n have_v a_o heir_n between_o they_o engender_v and_o when_o the_o grant_n be_v impossible_a to_o take_v effect_n by_o the_o letter_n there_o the_o law_n shall-make_a such_o construction_n as_o the_o gift_n by_o possibility_n may_v take_v effect_n co._n 83._o b._n if_o lessor_n of_o a_o house_n for_o twenty_o year_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o two_o year_n render_v rend_v and_o after_o grant_v all_o his_o term_n and_o interest_n to_o another_o if_o the_o lessee_n atturne_n the_o reversion_n shall_v pass_v and_o if_o no_o atturnment_n be_v have_v yet_o the_o ieterest_n in_o the_o reversion_n shall_v pass_v so_o as_o the_o grantee_n shall_v have_v the_o land_n after_o the_o two_o year_n determine_v for_o the_o grant_n of_o one_o shall_v not_o be_v adjudge_v void_a if_o to_o any_o intent_n it_o may_v take_v effect_n coke_n l._n 4._o f._n 53._o b._n if_o a_o termor_n grant_v his_o term_n habendum_fw-la immediate_a post_fw-la mortem_fw-la svam_fw-la the_o grantee_n shall_v have_v it_o present_o ut_fw-la res_fw-la magis_fw-la valeat_fw-la quam_fw-la periat_fw-la noy_n max._n f._n 16._o so_o if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o ten_o year_n and_o after_o for_o twenty_o year_n the_o latter_a shall_v be_v a_o good_a lease_n for_o ten_o year_n after_o the_o first_o be_v expire_v ibidem_fw-la a_o release_n of_o all_o action_n against_o a_o prior_n and_o covent_n shall_v be_v construe_v all_o action_n against_o the_o prior_n for_o a_o action_n can_v be_v bring_v against_o the_o covent_n coke_n l._n 1._o f._n 76._o gardiner_z and_o bredons_n case_n tenant_n for_o life_n of_o land_n the_o remainder_n in_o tail_n tenant_n for_o life_n and_o he_o in_o the_o first_o remainder_n in_o tail_n join_v in_o a_o fine_a sur_fw-fr conusans_a de_fw-fr droite_fw-fr come_v ceo_fw-la etc._n etc._n to_o another_o in_o fee_n who_o grant_v a_o rend_a charge_n of_o forty_o pound_n to_o tenant_n for_o life_n it_o be_v agree_v by_o all_o the_o justice_n that_o the_o fine_a levy_v by_o tenant_n for_o life_n &_o he_o in_o the_o first_o remainder_n be_v no_o discontinuance_n of_o the_o first_o remainder_n in_o tail_n nor_o of_o the_o second_o because_o every_o of_o they_o do_v only_o give_v that_o they_o may_v lawful_o give_v and_o no_o forfeiture_n in_o the_o case_n be_v cause_v the_o law_n which_o abhor_v all_o wrong_n shall_v construe_v it_o first_o to_o be_v the_o grant_n of_o he_o in_o the_o remainder_n in_o tail_n and_o then_o the_o grant_n of_o tenant_n for_o life_n ut_fw-la res_fw-la magis_fw-la valeat_fw-la quam_fw-la pereat_fw-la but_o if_o a_o feoffment_n have_v be_v make_v by_o word_n than_o it_o be_v the_o surrender_n of_o tenant_n for_o life_n and_o the_o feoffment_n of_o he_o in_o the_o remainder_n ibidem_fw-la coke_n l._n 1._o f._n 45_o a._n in_o 2._o r._n 3._o 4._o it_o be_v hold_v by_o starky_n and_o other_o that_o if_o the_o patent_n of_o the_o king_n may_v be_v take_v to_o two_o intent_n good_a than_o it_o shall_v be_v take_v more_o beneficial_o for_o the_o king_n but_o if_o it_o may_v be_v take_v to_o one_o intent_n good_a and_o to_o another_o intent_n void_a than_o it_o shall_v be_v take_v to_o that_o intent_n to_o make_v the_o grant_v good_a and_o not_o to_o that_o intent_n to_o make_v it_o void_a ut_fw-la res_fw-la magis_fw-la valeat_fw-la etc._n etc._n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la in_o alton_n wood_n case_n coke_n l._n 5._o f._n 8._o a._n in_o cessavit_fw-la where_o the_o tenure_n be_v allege_v by_o homage_n fealty_n and_o rent_n and_o the_o demandant_n count_v that_o in_o do_v the_o say_a service_n he_o do_v cease_v it_o shall_v be_v take_v by_o construction_n to_o such_o service_n only_o of_o which_o a_o man_n may_v cease_v 6._o h._n 7._o 7._o as_o of_o rent_n and_o not_o of_o homage_n and_o fealty_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o be_v ne_fw-la res_fw-la destruatur_fw-la lest_o the_o thing_n shall_v perish_v vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la ployd_v f._n 197._o b._n anthony_n browne_n justice_n say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o office_n of_o a_o judge_n to_o expound_v the_o thing_n ut_fw-la res_fw-la magis_fw-la valeat_fw-la quam_fw-la pereat_fw-la and_o to_o make_v all_o part_n of_o the_o deed_n and_o intention_n of_o the_o party_n also_o to_o agree_v together_o coke_n l._n 4._o f._n 4._o if_o i_o grant_v to_o you_o that_o you_o and_o your_o heir_n shall_v distrain_v for_o a_o rent_n of_o forty_o shilling_n to_o wit_n within_o my_o manor_n of_o s._n that_o by_o construction_n of_o law_n shall_v amount_v to_o a_o grant_n of_o a_o rent_n out_o of_o my_o manor_n of_o s._n for_o if_o it_o shall_v not_o amount_v to_o a_o grant_n of_o a_o rent_n the_o grant_n will_v be_v of_o little_a force_n or_o effect_n if_o the_o grantee_n shall_v not_o have_v but_o a_o nude_v distress_n and_o no_o rent_n in_o he_o for_o than_o he_o shall_v never_o have_v a_o assize_n of_o it_o and_o for_o that_o reason_n it_o have_v be_v often_o time_n rule_v that_o it_o shall_v amount_v to_o the_o grant_n of_o a_o rent_n by_o construction_n of_o law_n ut_fw-la res_fw-la magis_fw-la valeat_fw-la 3._o e._n 3._o 12._o etc._n etc._n benedicta_fw-la est_fw-la expositio_fw-la quando_fw-la res_fw-la redimitur_fw-la a_o destructione_n coke_n l._n 4._o f._n 25._o b._n bless_a be_v the_o exposition_n when_o the_o thing_n be_v redeem_v from_o destruction_n every_o manor_n which_o consist_v of_o frank-tenement_n and_o copy-holders_n have_v two_o several_a court_n the_o court_n of_o frank-tenement_n wherein_o the_o suitor_n be_v judge_n and_o be_v call_v the_o court_n baron_fw-fr and_o the_o court_n of_o copy-holders_n wherein_o the_o lord_n or_o steward_n of_o the_o manor_n be_v judge_n and_o if_o all_o the_o tenement_n escheat_n or_o the_o lord_n release_v the_o tenure_n and_o service_n of_o his_o frank-tenement_n yet_o the_o lord_n may_v hold_v his_o court_n of_o copy-holds_a and_o make_v admittance_n and_o grant_v of_o they_o ne_fw-la res_fw-la destruatur_fw-la it_o be_v a_o ground_n in_o law_n verba_fw-la debent_fw-la intelligi_fw-la ut_fw-la aliquid_fw-la operetur_fw-la coke_n l._n 8._o f._n 24_o word_n must_v so_o be_v understand_v that_o they_o must_v work_v some_o thing_n and_o not_o be_v idle_a and_o frivolous_a in_o edward_n fox_n case_n wherein_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o a_o demise_n and_o grant_n upon_o consideration_n of_o fifty_o pound_n for_o ninty_a nine_o year_n amount_v to_o a_o bargain_n and_o sale_n for_o the_o say_a year_n for_o when_o a_o frank_a tenement_n or_o tenement_n pass_v by_o deed_n indent_v and_o enrol_v it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o have_v those_o precise_a word_n of_o bargain_n and_o sale_n but_o word_n which_o amount_v to_o so_o much_o be_v sufficient_a as_o if_o a_o man_n covenant_n in_o consideration_n of_o money_n to_o stand_v seize_v to_o the_o use_n of_o his_o son_n in_o fee_n if_o the_o deed_n be_v enroll_v it_o be_v a_o good_a bargain_n and_o sale_n and_o yet_o there_o be_v no_o word_n of_o a_o bargain_n and_o sale_n but_o amount_v to_o as_o much_o coke_n l._n 7._o f._n 40._o so_o if_o a_o man_n for_o money_n alien_a and_o grant_v land_n to_o one_o and_o his_o heir_n or_o in_o tail_n or_o for_o life_n by_o deed_n indent_v and_o enroll_v it_o shall_v amount_v to_o a_o bargain_n and_o sale_n and_o the_o land_n shall_v pass_v without_o any_o livery_n and_o seisin_n it_o be_v a_o ground_n in_o law_n verba_fw-la sunt_fw-la accipienda_fw-la cum_fw-la effectu_fw-la coke_n l._n 4._o f._n 51._o a._n b._n word_n be_v to_o be_v take_v with_o effect_n as_o if_o a_o man_n have_v in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o wife_n any_o estate_n in_o fee-simple_n fee-tail_n or_o for_o term_n of_o life_n etc._n etc._n the_o baron_n shall_v have_v all_o the_o arrearage_n as_o well_o before_o marriage_n as_o after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o wife_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 10._o h._n 6._o 11._o for_o though_o by_o the_o common_a law_n the_o executor_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o wife_n may_v have_v a_o action_n
of_o debt_n for_o the_o arrearage_n before_o the_o coverture_n yet_o when_o as_o the_o statute_n give_v to_o the_o baron_n a_o action_n of_o debt_n for_o the_o arrearage_n the_o word_n shall_v be_v take_v with_o effect_n and_o shall_v be_v construe_v for_o the_o arreage_n due_a before_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o the_o law_n that_o verba_fw-la restringuntur_fw-la ad_fw-la habilitatem_fw-la personae_fw-la vel_fw-la ad_fw-la aptitudinem_fw-la rei_fw-la bac._n max._n f._n 14._o general_n word_n be_v to_o be_v restrain_v to_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o person_n or_o fitness_n of_o the_o thing_n as_o if_o a_o man_n grant_v to_o another_o common_a inter_fw-la metas_fw-la &_o bundas_fw-la villa_n de_fw-fr dale_n and_o part_n of_o the_o will_v be_v his_o several_a and_o part_n of_o his_o waist_n common_a the_o grantee_n shall_v not_o have_v common_a in_o the_o several_a yet_o this_o be_v the_o strong_a exposition_n against_o the_o grantor_n so_o by_o all_o the_o precedent_a rule_n and_o ground_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o rule_n that_o word_n shall_v be_v take_v more_o strong_o against_o the_o grantor_n do_v yield_v to_o they_o as_o the_o more_o worthy_a and_o equitable_a vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la where_o this_o rule_n with_o its_o difference_n and_o exception_n be_v ample_o and_o accurate_o discuss_v the_o grant_n of_o a_o common_a person_n shall_v be_v take_v more_o strong_a against_o he_o but_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v take_v more_o strong_a against_o a_o stranger_n and_o more_o favourable_a for_o he_o ployd_v f._n 243._o a._n as_o a_o manor_n grant_v by_o the_o king_n the_o advowson_n shall_v not_o pass_v without_o special_a word_n 2._o h._n 7._o 8._o so_o the_o king_n may_v grant_v a_o thing_n in_o action_n ibidem_fw-la and_o if_o the_o king_n grant_v a_o manor_n or_o land_n without_o limitation_n of_o any_o estate_n the_o grant_n be_v void_a for_o the_o incetrainty_n and_o the_o grantee_n shall_v not_o be_v tenant_n at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n davis_n rep_n f_o 45._o vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la this_o rule_n have_v no_o place_n in_o act_n of_o parliament_n verdict_n judgement_n or_o devise_v bacon_n f._n max._n 21._o expressio_fw-la eorum_fw-la qâ—ae_fw-la tacit_a insunt_fw-la nihil_fw-la operatur_fw-la coke_n l._n 4._o f._n 73._o b._n the_o expression_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v covert_o employ_v work_v nothing_o for_o the_o expression_n of_o a_o clause_n which_o the_o law_n impli_v operate_v nothing_o as_o in_o 30._o ass_n pl._n 8._o a_o lease_n be_v make_v to_o two_o for_o term_n of_o their_o life_n &_o diutius_fw-la eorum_fw-la viventi_fw-la and_o after_o they_o make_v partition_n and_o the_o one_o die_v and_o he_o in_o reversion_n enter_v and_o his_o entry_n adjudge_v lawful_a notwithstanding_o the_o say_a word_n &_o diutius_fw-la eorum_fw-la viventi_fw-la for_o without_o those_o so_o much_o be_v covert_o employ_v by_o the_o law_n 17_o e._n 3._o 7._o hull_n case_n whereupon_o coke_n give_v this_o observation_n that_o in_o case_n of_o lease_n for_o life_n it_o be_v more_o beneficial_a for_o the_o lessor_n to_o have_v the_o jointure_n sever_v then_o to_o have_v it_o continue_v but_o otherwise_o it_o be_v in_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n for_o if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n to_o two_o with_o a_o proviso_n that_o if_o the_o lessee_n die_v within_o the_o term_n that_o the_o term_n shall_v cease_v the_o lessee_n make_v partition_n or_o one_o alien_v his_o part_n and_o die_v the_o lessee_n shall_v not_o enter_v into_o his_o part_n that_o be_v dead_a but_o the_o grantee_n or_o the_o executor_n of_o the_o lessee_n shall_v 〈…〉_o so_o if_o the_o king_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n render_v rend_v without_o limit_v of_o any_o place_n or_o to_o who_o hand_n it_o shall_v be_v pay_v the_o lessor_n may_v by_o the_o law_n pay_v it_o either_o to_o the_o receipt_n of_o the_o exchequer_n of_o the_o king_n or_o to_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o bailiff_n or_o receivor_n of_o the_o king_n who_o the_o king_n have_v authorize_v to_o such_o purpose_n and_o therefore_o the_o usual_a and_o special_a limitation_n of_o the_o payment_n of_o rent_n at_o the_o receipt_n of_o the_o exchequer_n etc._n etc._n do_v import_v no_o more_o than_o the_o law_n will_v imply_v and_o therefore_o nihil_fw-la operatur_fw-la ibidem_fw-la coke_n l._n 8._o f._n 26._o b._n if_o the_o king_n recite_v that_o another_o hold_v the_o manor_n of_o d._n for_o life_n grant_v the_o say_a manor_n to_o b._n for_o his_o life_n in_o this_o case_n the_o law_n impli_v that_o the_o second_o grant_n shall_v begin_v and_o take_v effect_n after_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o first_o grant_n and_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o incertainty_n in_o the_o grant_n though_o it_o be_v not_o express_v so_o for_o the_o expression_n of_o a_o clause_n which_o the_o law_n impli_v operate_v nothing_o ibidem_fw-la in_o the_o earl_n of_o rutland_n case_n coke_n l._n 10._o f._n 39_o a._n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 32._o h_o 8._o tenant_n in_o tail_n may_v make_v a_o lease_n for_o three_o life_n or_o ten_o year_n and_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 4._o h._n 2._o c._n 24._o he_o may_v levy_v a_o fine_a and_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 32._o h._n 8._o c._n 36._o by_o it_o bar_v the_o issue_n and_o therefore_o if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o gift_n in_o tail_n and_o further_a grant_n that_o he_o may_v lease_v for_o life_n or_o for_o year_n or_o levy_v a_o fine_a with_o proclamation_n to_o bar_v the_o issue_n nihil_fw-la operatur_fw-la for_o when_o one_o make_v a_o tacit_n gift_n in_o tail_n he_o give_v those_o incident_n to_o it_o ibidem_fw-la and_o therefore_o be_v such_o condition_n and_o expression_n call_v by_o sir_n francis_n bacon_n clausula_fw-la vel_fw-la dipositio_fw-la inutilis_fw-la a_o unprofitable_a clause_n and_o disposition_n and_o to_o no_o use_n because_o the_o act_n or_o the_o word_n do_v express_v no_o more_o than_o the_o law_n by_o intendment_n will_v have_v supply_v and_o that_o therefore_o the_o double_n and_o iterate_v of_o that_o and_o no_o more_o than_o which_o the_o conceit_n of_o the_o law_n do_v in_o a_o sort_n prevent_v and_o preoccupate_v be_v repute_v nugation_n and_o therefore_o if_o a_o man_n devise_v land_n at_o this_o day_n to_o that_o they_o must_v work_v some_o thing_n and_o not_o be_v idle_a and_o frivolous_a in_o edward_n fox_n case_n wherein_o it_o be_v his_o son_n and_o heir_n it_o be_v void_a because_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o law_n do_v cast_v the_o same_o upon_o the_o heir_n by_o descent_n 32._o h._n 8._o gourd_n 39_o ber._n and_o yet_o if_o it_o be_v by_o knight_n service_n land_n and_o the_o heir_n within_o age_n if_o he_o take_v by_o the_o devise_n he_o shall_v have_v two_o part_n of_o the_o profit_n to_o his_o own_o use_n and_o the_o guardian_n shall_v have_v the_o benefit_n but_o of_o the_o three_o brook_n devise_n 41._o but_o if_o a_o man_n devise_v land_n to_o his_o two_o daughter_n haunig_v no_o son_n than_o the_o devise_n be_v good_a because_o he_o do_v alter_v the_o disposition_n of_o the_o law_n for_o by_o the_o law_n they_o shall_v take_v in_o coparcenary_a but_o by_o the_o devise_n they_o all_o take_v joint_o dyer_n 12._o bacon_n f._n 74.75_o vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la yet_o littleton_n say_v it_o be_v well_o do_v to_o put_v in_o such_o clause_n to_o declare_v and_o express_v to_o the_o lie_v people_n which_o be_v not_o learn_v in_o the_o law_n what_o the_o law_n be_v in_o such_o case_n co._n lib._n 4._o f._n 73._o b._n expresum_fw-la facit_fw-la cessare_fw-la tacitum_fw-la coke_n come_v f._n 183._o b._n a_o matter_n or_o thing_n express_v cause_v that_o to_o cease_v or_o to_o be_v of_o no_o effect_n which_o by_o intendment_n of_o law_n be_v employ_v and_o not_o express_v as_o if_o one_o grant_v land_n to_o two_o without_o express_v what_o estate_n they_o shall_v have_v they_o have_v a_o joint_a estate_n for_o term_n of_o their_o life_n but_o if_o a_o lease_n be_v make_v to_o two_o habendum_fw-la to_o the_o one_o for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o other_o for_o life_n this_o do_v alter_v the_o general_a intendment_n of_o the_o promise_n so_o if_o a_o lease_n be_v make_v to_o two_o habendum_fw-la the_o one_o moiety_n to_o one_o and_o the_o other_o moiety_n to_o the_o other_o the_o habendum_fw-la do_v make_v they_o tenant_n in_o common_a for_o that_o which_o be_v express_v do_v make_v that_o which_o be_v secret_o intend_v to_o cease_v ibidem_fw-la for_o as_o he_o in_o another_o case_n say_v if_o the_o general_a word_n shall_v stand_v without_o any_o qualification_n than_o the_o special_a word_n shall_v be_v altogether_o vain_a coke_n l._n 8._o f._n 154._o in_o edward_n althans_n case_n quod_fw-la vide_fw-la coke_n com._n f._n 210._o a._n b._n if_o the_o feoffee_n in_o mortgage_n before_o
the_o day_n of_o payment_n make_v his_o executor_n and_o 〈…〉_o dye_o and_o the_o heir_n enter_v into_o the_o land_n as_o he_o ought_v etc._n etc._n the_o feoffor_a aught_o to_o pay_v the_o money_n to_o the_o executor_n because_o the_o executor_n as_o he_o say_v l._n 5._o f._n 99_o a._n represent_v the_o person_n of_o the_o testator_n for_o all_o good_n and_o chattel_n but_o if_o the_o condition_n upon_o the_o mortgage_n be_v to_o pay_v the_o mortgagee_n or_o his_o heir_n the_o money_n &c._n &c._n and_o before_o the_o day_n of_o payment_n the_o mortgagee_n die_v the_o feoffor_a can_v pay_v the_o money_n to_o the_o mortgagee_n but_o the_o payment_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o heir_n for_o expressum_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o the_o law_n shall_v never_o seek_v out_o a_o person_n when_o the_o party_n themselves_o have_v appoint_v one_o for_o designatio_fw-la unius_fw-la est_fw-la exclusio_fw-la alterius_fw-la the_o appointment_n of_o one_o be_v the_o exclusion_n of_o the_o other_o but_o if_o the_o condition_n be_v to_o pay_v the_o money_n to_o the_o feoffee_n his_o heir_n or_o executor_n than_o the_o feoffor_a have_v election_n to_o pay_v it_o either_o to_o the_o heir_n or_o executor_n coke_n come_v ibidem_fw-la it_o be_v a_o sure_a ground_n in_o the_o law_n expressum_fw-la facit_fw-la cessare_fw-la tacitum_fw-la davis_n 45._o in_o the_o case_n of_o tenor_n and_o therefore_o the_o express_a reservation_n in_o letter_n patent_n exclude_v the_o reservation_n and_o implication_n in_o law_n as_o if_o the_o king_n in_o his_o letter_n patent_n reserve_v no_o tenure_n it_o shall_v be_v a_o capite_fw-la tenure_n but_o if_o another_o tenure_n be_v express_v that_o shall_v prevail_v as_o coke_n l._n 6._o f._n 6._o where_o in_o a_o patent_n the_o word_n of_o the_o tenendum_fw-la be_v tenendum_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la per_fw-la servittum_n unius_fw-la rosae_fw-la pro_fw-la omnibus_fw-la servitij_fw-la and_o whereas_o it_o be_v object_v that_o no_o tenure_n can_v be_v without_o fealty_n yet_o in_o this_o case_n fealty_n that_o be_v a_o incident_a to_o all_o service_n shall_v be_v admit_v to_o stand_v with_o the_o word_n and_o that_o then_o the_o tenure_n so_o express_o reserve_v be_v so_o complete_a that_o it_o may_v well_o exclude_v the_o knight_n service_n tenure_n which_o otherwise_o the_o law_n will_v have_v employ_v davis_n ibidem_fw-la where_o it_o be_v also_o resolve_v that_o although_o the_o express_a tenure_n be_v void_a yet_o no_o tenure_n by_o implication_n of_o law_n shall_v arise_v against_o the_o express_a tenure_n of_o reservation_n and_o so_o in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o void_a habendum_fw-la which_o stand_v upon_o the_o same_o reason_n it_o be_v adjudge_v in_o b.r._n between_o higs_n and_o cross_n 33_o and_o 34_o eliz._n which_o in_o buckler_n case_n be_v cite_v by_o coke_n l._n 2._o f._n 55._o tenant_n for_o life_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n and_o after_o grant_v the_o reversion_n to_o a._n habendum_fw-la from_o a_o day_n to_o come_v for_o life_n after_o the_o day_n the_o lessor_n for_o year_n atturn_v in_o that_o case_n the_o habendum_fw-la be_v void_a and_o that_o void_a habendum_fw-la make_v void_a the_o whole_a grant_n and_o exclude_v the_o implication_n of_o law_n in_o the_o premise_n and_o no_o estate_n shall_v pass_v by_o implication_n of_o law_n in_o the_o premise_n against_o the_o express_a limitation_n of_o the_o party_n in_o the_o habendum_fw-la davis_n ibidem_fw-la a_o man_n make_v a_o lease_n render_v rend_v and_o do_v not_o say_v to_o who_o the_o rent_n shall_v be_v pay_v this_o by_o implication_n shall_v be_v to_o the_o lessor_n and_o his_o heir_n but_o if_o the_o word_n be_v to_o the_o lessor_n the_o heir_n shall_v not_o have_v it_o dyer_n 45._o 12_o eliz._n 3._o etc._n etc._n so_o as_o a_o estate_n by_o implication_n shall_v be_v control_v by_o a_o express_a limitation_n but_o if_o i_o grant_v to_o another_o a_o rent_n which_o i_o have_v in_o fee_n the_o grant_n shall_v be_v for_o life_n but_o if_o i_o say_v further_o habendum_fw-la after_o the_o death_n of_o i._o s._n there_o all_o shall_v be_v void_a ployd_v 52.156_o so_o if_o the_o king_n grant_v land_n by_o letter_n paten_n habendum_fw-la from_o a_o day_n to_o come_v there_o the_o whole_a grant_n be_v make_v void_a by_o the_o habendum_fw-la coke_n l._n 5._o f._n 93._o barwicks_n case_n he_o in_o the_o reversion_n for_o life_n gtant_v his_o estate_n habendum_fw-la after_o michaelmas_n and_o after_o michaelmas_n the_o tenant_n attorne_n yet_o resolve_v the_o grant_n be_v void_a though_o if_o there_o have_v be_v no_o habendum_fw-la it_o have_v be_v good_a by_o the_o premise_n of_o the_o deed_n coke_n f._n 2._o c._n 55._o davis_n f._n 26.27_o coke_n l._n 7_o f._n 41._o b_o if_o the_o father_n by_o deed_n indent_v in_o consideration_n of_o a_o hundred_o pound_n pay_v by_o his_o son_n covenant_v to_o be_v seize_v to_o the_o use_n of_o his_o son_n there_o no_o use_n shall_v be_v raise_v to_o the_o son_n if_o the_o deed_n be_v enroll_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 26_o h_n 8._o c._n 10._o for_o that_o it_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o bargain_n and_o sale_n and_o that_o which_o be_v express_v shall_v cause_v that_o which_o be_v imply_v to_o cease_v ibid._n coke_n l._n 4._o f._n 8._o a._n in_o nokes_n case_n it_o be_v resolve_v by_o the_o whole_a court_n that_o a_o express_a covenant_n do_v qualify_v the_o generality_n of_o the_o covenant_n in_o law_n and_o restrain_v it_o by_o the_o mutual_a assent_n of_o both_o party_n which_o shall_v extend_v to_o no_o further_a than_o the_o express_a covenant_n quia_fw-la clausula_fw-la generalis_fw-la non_fw-la refertur_fw-la ad_fw-la expressa_fw-la because_o a_o general_a clause_n employ_v in_o law_n have_v no_o reference_n to_o a_o express_a and_o particular_a covenant_n in_o deed_n yet_o quadam_fw-la tacita_fw-la habentur_fw-la pro_fw-la expressis_fw-la as_o if_o the_o father_n tenant_n by_o knights-service_n enfeoff_v his_o son_n and_o heir_n within_o age_n it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o aver_v by_o collusion_n for_o it_o be_v apparent_a ployd_v winbichs_n case_n and_o 27_o h._n 8._o dacres_n case_n 33_o h._n 6._o 14_o etc._n etc._n so_o if_o i_o covenant_n to_o stand_v seize_v to_o the_o use_n of_o my_o wife_n son_n or_o cousin_n that_o shall_v well_o raise_v a_o use_n without_o any_o express_a word_n of_o consideration_n for_o sufficient_a consideration_n appear_v because_o paternal_a love_n and_o affection_n appear_v if_o in_o a_o lease_n the_o express_a covenant_n be_v that_o the_o lessee_n and_o his_o executor_n shall_v repair_v the_o house_n demise_v this_o shall_v not_o excuse_v the_o assignee_n who_o by_o a_o employ_v covenant_n in_o law_n adherent_a to_o the_o estate_n be_v tie_v to_o repair_v it_o coke_n l._n a_o warranty_n in_o law_n be_v not_o destroy_v by_o a_o express_a warranty_n as_o if_o a_o man_n lease_n for_o life_n render_v rend_v and_o further_o bind_v himself_o and_o heir_n to_o warranty_n there_o the_o express_a warranty_n shall_v not_o take_v the_o warranty_n in_o law_n but_o he_o may_v choose_v which_o he_o please_v coke_n l._n 4._o f._n 81._o a._n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la lex_fw-la neminem_fw-la cogit_fw-la ad_fw-la impossibilia_fw-la coke_n come_v f._n 231._o b._n &_o l._n 5._o f._n 75._o a._n the_o law_n compel_v no_o man_n to_o impossibility_n if_o a_o deed_n remain_v in_o one_o court_n it_o may_v be_v plead_v in_o another_o court_n without_o show_v forth_o for_o the_o law_n do_v not_o compel_v any_o one_o to_o impossibility_n ibidem_fw-la if_o a_o lease_n be_v make_v upon_o condition_n that_o the_o lessee_n dwell_v upon_o the_o land_n demise_v the_o lease_n be_v for_o forty_o year_n and_o he_o die_v at_o the_o end_n of_o ten_o year_n yet_o the_o executor_n shall_v enjoy_v the_o land_n because_o the_o condition_n be_v become_v impossible_a et_fw-la nemo_fw-la tenetur_fw-la ad_fw-la impossibilia_fw-la dod._n no_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o impossibility_n 37_o &_o 38_o eliz._n if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n of_o wood_n and_o it_o be_v covenant_v that_o the_o lessee_n shall_v leave_v the_o wood_n in_o as_o good_a plight_n as_o it_o be_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o lease_n make_v and_o during_o the_o term_n the_o wood_n fall_v down_o by_o sudden_a tempest_n the_o lessor_n shall_v not_o have_v a_o action_n of_o covenant_n because_o it_o be_v impossible_a the_o lessee_n shall_v perform_v it_o perk._n f._n 142._o b._n coke_n l._n 1._o f._n 98._o a._n coke_n come_v f._n 206._o a._n if_o the_o condition_n of_o a_o bond_n be_v impossible_a at_o the_o time_n of_o make_v the_o condition_n the_o condition_n be_v void_a because_o impossible_a and_o the_o bond_n good_a as_o if_o a_o man_n be_v bind_v in_o a_o obligation_n etc._n etc._n with_o condition_n that_o if_o the_o obligor_fw-la do_v go_v from_o the_o church_n of_o s._n peter_n
intent_n which_o be_v require_v in_o inditement_n count_n and_o replication_n etc._n etc._n for_o that_o they_o be_v to_o excuse_v or_o charge_v the_o party_n the_o three_o be_v a_o certain_a intent_n to_o every_o particular_a and_o this_o certainty_n be_v reject_v in_o law_n for_o nimia_fw-la subtilitas_fw-la in_o jure_fw-la reprobatur_fw-la and_o such_o certainty_n confound_v certainty_n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la in_o long_v case_n coke_n l._n 8._o f_o 56._o b._n whereas_o the_o queen_n grant_v a_o manor_n to_o b._n and_o his_o heir_n to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v the_o say_a manor_n to_o b._n and_o his_o assign_n omit_v the_o word_n heir_n in_o the_o habeâ—dum_fw-la it_o be_v resolve_v in_o auditor_n king_n case_n by_o the_o whole_a court_n that_o the_o fee_n of_o the_o manor_n pass_v by_o the_o premise_n of_o the_o letter_n patent_n and_o that_o the_o habendum_fw-la be_v void_a for_o the_o premise_n be_v certain_a enough_o to_o pass_v the_o fee-simple_n and_o the_o omission_n of_o his_o heir_n in_o the_o habendum_fw-la shall_v not_o subvert_v it_o be_v certain_a in_o the_o premise_n for_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o queen_n appear_v to_o pass_v the_o fee-simple_n by_o the_o premise_n and_o her_o grant_n ought_v to_o be_v interpret_v in_o intentionem_fw-la &_o none_o in_o deceptionem_fw-la regis_fw-la and_o when_o as_o a_o literal_a and_o strict_a construction_n be_v make_v to_o make_v his_o grant_n void_a contrary_a to_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o king_n it_o sound_v in_o deceit_n of_o the_o king_n and_o it_o be_v a_o great_a indignity_n to_o he_o for_o nicety_n in_o law_n to_o make_v his_o charter_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n of_o thing_n which_o may_v be_v lawful_o grant_v void_a and_o of_o none_o effect_n for_o apices_fw-la juris_fw-la non_fw-la sunt_fw-la jura_fw-la and_o it_o be_v say_v by_o coke_n lord_n chief_a justice_n and_o affirm_v by_o the_o other_o justice_n that_o of_o latter_a time_n such_o nice_a and_o strict_a construction_n have_v be_v strain_a by_o some_o of_o letter_n patent_n to_o subvert_v the_o force_n and_o effect_n of_o they_o that_o many_o good_a letter_n patent_n be_v draw_v into_o question_n to_o the_o dishonour_n of_o the_o king_n and_o disinherison_n of_o the_o subject_a contrary_a to_o the_o true_a reason_n and_o ancient_a rule_n of_o law_n for_o as_o it_o be_v say_v co._n l._n 4._o f._n 5._o b._n simplicitas_fw-la legibus_fw-la amica_fw-la coke_n l._n 10._o f._n 125._o b._n in_o the_o mayor_n etc._n etc._n of_o lynns_n case_n it_o be_v say_v that_o until_o these_o latter_a time_n it_o be_v never_o read_v in_o any_o of_o our_o book_n that_o any_o body_n politic_a or_o corporate_a do_v endeavour_v or_o attempt_v by_o any_o suit_n to_o avoid_v any_o of_o their_o lease_n grant_n and_o conveyance_n make_v to_o they_o by_o the_o misname_n of_o the_o very_a name_n of_o the_o corporation_n but_o god_n forbid_v that_o their_o lease_n and_o grant_n shall_v be_v defeat_v for_o every_o curious_a and_o nice_a misnomer_n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la in_o the_o mayor_n etc._n etc._n of_o linns_n case_n where_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o a_o bond_n make_v to_o the_o mayor_n and_o burgess_n of_o linn_n be_v good_a though_o therein_o be_v omit_v the_o burrow_n of_o king_n linn_n which_o be_v their_o name_n give_v they_o by_o their_o patent_n because_o it_o be_v idem_fw-la re_fw-mi &_o sensu_fw-la though_o not_o idem_fw-la litteris_fw-la &_o syllabis_fw-la fortior_fw-la &_o potentior_fw-la est_fw-la dispositio_fw-la legis_fw-la quam_fw-la hominis_fw-la coke_n come_v f._n 224._o a._n the_o disposition_n of_o the_o law_n be_v of_o more_o force_n and_o strong_a than_o the_o disposition_n of_o man_n if_o a_o man_n grant_v to_o another_o by_o his_o deed_n the_o office_n of_o a_o parkship_n of_o a_o park_n to_o have_v and_o occupy_v the_o say_a office_n for_o term_n of_o life_n he_o have_v a_o estate_n in_o that_o office_n upon_o condition_n in_o law_n to_o wit_n that_o the_o parker_n shall_v well_o and_o lawful_o keep_v the_o say_a park_n and_o shall_v do_v that_o which_o to_o such_o office_n appertain_v to_o do_v or_o otherwise_o it_o shall_v be_v well_o lawful_a to_o the_o grantor_n and_o his_o heir_n to_o oust_v he_o and_o grant_v it_o to_o another_o and_o such_o a_o condition_n in_o law_n annex_v to_o a_o thing_n be_v as_o strong_a as_o if_o the_o condition_n have_v be_v put_v in_o wrt_v littleton_n ibidem_fw-la if_o a_o man_n have_v title_n to_o enter_v upon_o tenant_n in_o tail_n if_o he_o make_v a_o claim_n to_o the_o land_n then_o be_v the_o estate_n tail_n defeat_v for_o this_o claim_n be_v a_o entry_n make_v by_o he_o and_o be_v of_o the_o same_o effect_n in_o law_n and_o if_o the_o tenant_n in_o tail_n after_o such_o claim_n continue_v his_o occupation_n that_o be_v a_o disseisin_n to_o he_o that_o make_v such_o claim_n and_o as_o often_o as_o his_o adversary_n do_v wrong_a and_o injury_n to_o he_o so_o often_o may_v he_o bring_v a_o writ_n of_o trespass_n or_o a_o quare_fw-la clausum_fw-la fregit_fw-la for_o the_o wrong_n &_o disseisin_n littleton_n whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o continual_a claim_n which_o be_v a_o entry_n in_o law_n be_v as_o strong_a as_o a_o entry_n in_o deed_n coke_n come_v f._n 236._o b._n coke_n come_v f._n 338._o a._n a_o surrender_n in_o law_n in_o some_o case_n be_v of_o great_a force_n than_o a_o surrender_n in_o deed_n as_o if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n to_o begin_v at_o michaelmas_n next_o this_o future_a interest_n can_v be_v surrender_v because_o there_o be_v no_o reversion_n wherein_o it_o may_v be_v drown_v that_o by_o a_o surrender_n in_o law_n it_o may_v be_v drown_v as_o if_o the_o lessee_n before_o michaelmas_n take_v a_o new_a lease_n for_o year_n either_o to_o begin_v present_o or_o at_o michaelmas_n this_o be_v a_o surrender_n in_o law_n of_o the_o former_a lease_n and_o in_o this_o case_n fortior_fw-la &_o aequior_fw-la est_fw-la dispositio_fw-la legis_fw-la quam_fw-la hominis_fw-la coke_n l._n 10._o f._n 67._o b._n 37._o h._n 6._o 16._o and_o if_o the_o lessee_n be_v a_o corporation_n aggregated_a of_o many_o so_o as_o they_o can_v make_v a_o express_a surrender_n without_o deed_n in_o write_v under_o their_o seal_n yet_o they_o can_v by_o act_n in_o law_n surrender_v their_o term_n without_o any_o writing_n so_o if_o the_o prior_n by_o consent_n of_o the_o covent_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n render_v rend_v if_o the_o prior_n by_o deed_n express_o release_v the_o rent_n and_o die_v the_o successor_n shall_v recover_v the_o arrearage_n but_o if_o the_o prior_n ou_v the_o lessee_n and_o die_v that_o discharge_v in_o law_n shall_v discharge_v the_o rent_n which_o incur_v during_o the_o ouster_n against_o the_o successor_n 34._o h._n 6._o 21._o coke_n l._n 10._o f._n 67._o if_o a_o heir_n within_o age_n assign_v more_o dower_n than_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v do_v yet_o the_o guardian_n in_o right_n may_v have_v a_o writ_n of_o admeasurement_n of_o dower_n but_o if_o he_o grant_v over_o his_o estate_n his_o assignee_n which_o be_v guardian_n in_o fair_a shall_v not_o have_v the_o writ_n because_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n in_o action_n give_v to_o the_o lessor_n f._n n._n b._n 149._o 9_o coke_n l._n 6._o 38._o b._n when_o a_o deed_n be_v requisite_a ex_fw-la institutione_n legis_fw-la it_o ought_v to_o be_v show_v though_o it_o be_v collateral_a and_o convey_v nothing_o as_o a_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n tenant_n pour_fw-fr autre_fw-fr vie_fw-fr if_o he_o attorne_v to_o the_o grantee_n in_o reversion_n the_o law_n require_v that_o it_o be_v do_v by_o deed_n and_o that_o in_o plead_v the_o deed_n of_o attornement_n be_v show_v but_o when_o it_o be_v requisite_a ex_fw-la provisione_n hominis_fw-la not_o as_o when_o a_o man_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n of_o land_n to_o a._n upon_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o assign_v it_o over_o but_o by_o deed_n only_o and_o not_o by_o word_n in_o this_o case_n ex_fw-la provisione_n hominis_fw-la the_o assignment_n ought_v to_o be_v by_o deed_n but_o because_o ex_fw-la institutione_n legis_fw-la the_o deed_n be_v not_o necessary_a to_o the_o assignee_n he_o may_v plead_v the_o assignment_n without_o show_v of_o the_o deed_n and_o in_o quo_fw-la minus_fw-la by_o the_o fermor_n of_o the_o king_n he_o ought_v to_o allege_v that_o he_o be_v a_o fermor_n of_o the_o king_n to_o enable_v he_o to_o sue_v there_o but_o he_o need_v not_o show_v it_o to_o the_o court_n because_o a_o collateral_a action_n ibidem_fw-la so_o the_o collector_n shall_v not_o show_v it_o 22._o h._n 6._o 42._o neither_o shall_v the_o sub-collector_n show_v it_o 21._o e._n 4._o 50._o and_o the_o devisor_n shall_v not_o show_v the_o testament_n for_o it_o appertain_v to_o the_o executor_n 4._o ass_n 20._o one_o parcener_n
seize_v by_o word_n assign_v dower_n to_o the_o feme_fw-fr which_o she_o accept_v yet_o be_v it_o adjudge_v that_o that_o refusal_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o inheritance_n and_o acceptance_n of_o her_o dower_n in_o pais_fw-fr shall_v not_o divest_v the_o franktenement_n out_o of_o she_o so_o 13_o ric._n 2._o joynt-tenancy_n a_o charter_n of_o feoffment_n be_v make_v to_o four_o and_o seisin_n deliver_v to_o three_o in_o the_o name_n of_o all_o and_o after_o the_o seisin_n deliver_v the_o four_o come_v and_o view_v the_o deed_n and_o say_v by_o word_n that_o he_o will_v have_v nothing_o in_o the_o land_n and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o that_o agreement_n by_o word_n in_o pais_fw-fr shall_v not_o divest_v the_o franktenement_n out_o of_o he_o and_o thorp_n 35_o ed._n 3._o disclaimor_n say_v that_o in_o such_o a_o case_n the_o tenement_n remain_v in_o all_o until_o a_o disagreement_n in_o court_n of_o record_n so_o if_o there_o be_v lord_n and_o tenant_n by_o deed_n enfeoff_v the_o lord_n and_o a_o stranger_n and_o make_v livery_n to_o the_o stranger_n in_o the_o name_n of_o both_o if_o the_o lord_n by_o word_n disagree_v to_o the_o estate_n it_o be_v nothing_o worth_a but_o if_o he_o enter_v into_o the_o land_n general_o and_o take_v the_o profit_n that_o amount_v to_o a_o agreement_n to_o the_o feoffment_n but_o if_o he_o enter_v into_o the_o land_n and_o distrain_v for_o his_o seignory_n that_o act_n amount_v to_o a_o disagreement_n of_o the_o feoffment_n and_o shall_v divest_v the_o frank_a tenement_n out_o of_o he_o 10_o e._n 4._o 12._o by_o all_o the_o justice_n but_o if_o land_n be_v give_v to_o baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr and_o after_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 32_o h_n 8._o the_o baron_n alien_v the_o land_n to_o the_o use_n of_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n and_o after_o devise_v it_o to_o his_o wife_n for_o life_n the_o wife_n enter_v claim_v by_o word_n the_o estate_n for_o life_n this_o be_v a_o good_a agreement_n to_o the_o estate_n for_o life_n and_o a_o good_a disagreement_n to_o the_o estate_n of_o inheritance_n dyer_n 351._o b._n and_o if_o a._n make_v a_o obligation_n to_o b._n and_o deliver_v it_o to_o c._n to_o the_o use_n of_o b._n this_o be_v present_o the_o deed_n of_o a._n but_o if_o he_o offer_v it_o to_o b_o and_o he_o refuse_v it_o in_o pais_fw-fr by_o it_o the_o obligation_n shall_v lose_v his_o force_n dyer_n 167._o the_o same_o law_n be_v of_o the_o gift_n of_o good_n and_o chattel_n and_o if_o the_o good_n be_v deliver_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o donee_n the_o good_n be_v in_o he_o present_o but_o he_o may_v refuse_v they_o in_o pais_fw-fr and_o by_o it_o the_o property_n shall_v be_v determine_v ibidem_fw-la sect_n iii_o inclusio_fw-la unius_fw-la est_fw-la exclusio_fw-la alterius_fw-la coke_n l._n 11._o f._n 50._o a._n b_o the_o inclusion_n of_o one_o thing_n be_v the_o exclusion_n of_o another_o as_o when_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n give_v a_o power_n and_o interest_n to_o one_o certain_a person_n by_o that_o express_a designation_n of_o one_o all_o other_o be_v exclude_v although_o such_o a_o statute_n be_v in_o the_o affirmative_a as_o where_o the_o statute_n of_o 31_o e._n 3._o c._n 12._o it_o be_v provide_v that_o error_n in_o the_o exchequer_n shall_v be_v correct_v and_o amend_v before_o the_o chancellor_n and_o treasurer_n and_o therefore_o it_o can_v not_o be_v correct_v before_o any_o other_o and_o the_o general_a rule_n be_v put_v that_o when_o any_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v do_v before_o any_o person_n certain_a by_o any_o statute_n it_o can_v be_v do_v before_o any_o other_o and_o yet_o the_o statute_n of_o 31_o e._n 3._o be_v in_o the_o affirmative_a ployd_v 106._o b._n in_o stradlings_n case_n so_o whereas_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 8_o h._n 6._o c._n 9_o forcible_a entry_n be_v design_v to_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n to_o make_v restitution_n by_o it_o other_o be_v exclude_v though_o the_o statute_n be_v in_o the_o affirmative_a and_o therefore_o neither_o justice_n of_o oyer_n or_o terminor_n or_o of_o goal-delivery_n etc._n etc._n shall_v do_v it_o dallisan_n 3_o eliz_n vide_fw-la ibid._n plura_fw-la and_o this_o be_v true_a in_o all_o act_n which_o be_v the_o introduction_n of_o a_o novel_a law_n as_o the_o above_o say_v act_n be_v but_o where_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v no_o introduction_n of_o a_o new_a law_n it_o be_v otherwise_o so_o the_o act_n of_o 35_o eliz._n do_v not_o exclude_v those_o to_o who_o the_o forfeiture_n be_v limit_v by_o the_o act_n of_o 23_o eliz_n because_o by_o it_o they_o be_v not_o give_v to_o a_o new_a person_n but_o to_o the_o same_o person_n to_o wit_v the_o queen_n and_o be_v but_o a_o act_n of_o addition_n to_o give_v more_o speedy_a remedy_n as_o the_o statute_n of_o w._n 2._o c._n 9_o in_o a_o write_v of_o mesne_n give_v more_o speedy_a process_n and_o in_o the_o end_n fore-judg_a whereas_o the_o process_n at_o the_o common_a law_n be_v but_o distress_n infinite_a yet_o the_o plaintiff_n may_v take_v which_o process_n he_o will_v either_o at_o the_o common_a law_n or_o upon_o the_o statute_n because_o they_o be_v both_o in_o the_o affirmative_a coke_n l._n 11._o f._n 64._o a._n and_o also_o in_o many_o case_n the_o designation_n of_o a_o novel_a person_n in_o a_o latter_a act_n of_o parliament_n shall_v not_o exclude_v another_o person_n that_o be_v authorize_v to_o do_v the_o same_o thing_n by_o a_o act_n precedent_n as_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 8_o h._n 6._o c._n 16._o after_o office_n find_v he_o who_o find_v himself_o grieve_v might_n within_o a_o month_n after_o traverse_n &_o take_v the_o tenement_n to_o farm_n &_o that_o then_o the_o chancellor_n treasurer_n or_o other_o officer_n shall_v demise_n to_o he_o to_o farm_n until_o etc._n etc._n 13_o e._n 4._o f._n 8._o and_o yet_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o h._n 8._o c._n 16._o he_o have_v liberty_n by_o the_o space_n of_o three_o month_n and_o after_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 32_o h._n 8._o c._n 40._o the_o master_n of_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n by_o advice_n of_o own_o of_o his_o council_n be_v authorize_v to_o make_v a_o lease_n of_o land_n in_o ward_n or_o a_o idiot_n and_o though_o the_o latter_a act_n design_n another_o person_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o the_o first_o altogether_o take_v away_o for_o before_o any_o lease_n make_v by_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ward_n the_o chancellor_n and_o treasurer_n may_v do_v it_o and_o so_o e_fw-la contrario_fw-la as_o stanf._n hold_v prerog_n f._n 69._o a._n b._n where_o he_o make_v mention_n of_o this_o rule_n â—eges_fw-la posteriores_fw-la priores_fw-la contrarias_fw-la abrogant_fw-la vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la coke_n come_v f._n 210._o a._n if_o the_o condition_n upon_o a_o mortgage_n be_v to_o pay_v to_o the_o mortgagee_n or_o his_o heir_n the_o money_n and_o before_o the_o day_n of_o payment_n the_o mortgagee_n die_v the_o lessor_n be_v not_o to_o pay_v the_o money_n to_o the_o executor_n but_o to_o the_o heir_n for_o in_o this_o case_n designatio_fw-la unius_fw-la personae_fw-la est_fw-la exclusio_fw-la alterius_fw-la consensus_fw-la tollin_a errorem_fw-la coke_n come_v f._n 37._o a._n consent_n take_v away_o error_n as_o dowment_n ad_fw-la ostium_fw-la eclesiae_fw-la &_o ex_fw-la assensu_fw-la patris_fw-la seem_v to_o be_v good_a albeit_o the_o wife_n be_v within_o the_o age_n of_o nine_o year_n but_o without_o question_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n a_o jointure_n make_v to_o she_o under_o or_o above_o the_o age_n of_o nine_o year_n be_v good_a ibidem_fw-la coke_n come_v f._n 125._o b._n a._n if_o a_o venire_fw-la facias_fw-la be_v award_v to_o the_o coroner_n where_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v to_o the_o sheriff_n or_o the_o visne_n come_v out_o of_o the_o wrong_a place_n yet_o by_o assent_n of_o the_o party_n and_o so_o enter_v of_o record_n it_o shall_v stand_v for_o all_o consent_n take_v away_o error_n ibidem_fw-la coke_n l._n 5._o f._n 36._o b._n dyer_n 367._o in_o bainhams_n case_n coke_n l._n 5._o f._n 40._o a._n b._n in_o dormers_n case_n a_o common_a recovery_n be_v not_o to_o be_v resemble_v to_o a_o judgement_n or_o proceed_v at_o the_o common_a law_n for_o by_o usage_n and_o custom_n it_o be_v become_v a_o common_a assurance_n and_o conveyance_n of_o land_n and_o because_o it_o be_v do_v by_o mutual_a consent_n error_n be_v not_o to_o be_v allow_v for_o consensus_fw-la tollit_fw-la errorem_fw-la if_o the_o demandant_n and_o tenant_n consent_n that_o two_o of_o the_o four_o in_o a_o writ_n of_o right_o shall_v be_v esquire_n where_o by_o the_o law_n they_o ought_v to_o be_v knight_n and_o well_o because_o by_o consent_n trial_n of_o villeinage_n be_v alter_v from_o the_o natural_a trial_n by_o consent_n pleader_n of_o a_o feoffment_n upon_o condition_n without_o deed_n and_o
reentry_n be_v good_a if_o the_o other_o party_n confess_v the_o condition_n if_o twelve_o be_v swear_v and_o one_o depart_v another_z of_o the_o panel_n by_o consent_n may_v be_v swear_v and_o with_o the_o eleven_o give_v verdict_n the_o court_n in_o a_o quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la by_o consent_n may_v give_v long_o day_n than_o be_v limit_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o marlebridge_n the_o statute_n of_o 2._o e._n 3._o &_o 20._o e._n 3._o provide_v that_o neither_o for_o the_o great_a seal_n or_o the_o petty_a seal_n justice_n shall_v be_v delay_v yet_o when_o the_o matter_n concern_v the_o king_n only_o if_o he_o command_v it_o it_o may_v be_v stay_v f._n n._n b._n 21._o b._n tenure_n at_o this_o day_n may_v be_v create_v by_o consent_n of_o all_o notwithstanding_o the_o statute_n of_o quia_fw-la emptores_fw-la terrarum_fw-la 27._o h._n 8._o by_o special_a consent_n of_o party_n reentry_n may_v be_v make_v for_o default_n of_o payment_n of_o the_o rent_n without_o demand_n of_o it_o dyer_n 78._o vide_fw-la by_o all_o which_o case_n it_o appear_v that_o consent_n of_o party_n alter_v the_o form_n and_o course_n of_o law_n ibidem_fw-la coke_n l._n 5._o f._n 40._o electio_fw-la semel_fw-la facta_fw-la &_o placitum_fw-la testatum_fw-la non_fw-la patitur_fw-la regressum_fw-la 20._o h._n 6._o 24._o coke_n come_v f._n 146._o a._n a_o election_n once_o make_v and_o testify_v by_o plead_v suffer_v no_o return_n as_o if_o a_o rent-charge_n be_v grant_v to_o a._n and_o b._n and_o their_o heir_n and_o a_o distrain_v the_o beast_n of_o the_o grantor_n and_o he_o sue_v a_o replevin_n a._n avow_v for_o himself_o and_o make_v conusance_n for_o b_o a._n die_v b._n survive_v b._n shall_v not_o have_v a_o writ_n of_o annuity_n for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o election_n and_o the_o avowry_n for_o the_o rent_n of_o a._n bar_v b._n of_o any_o election_n to_o make_v it_o a_o annuity_n ibidem_fw-la coke_n l._n 4_o f._n 5._o b._n in_o vernoms_n case_n if_o the_o baron_n discontinue_v the_o land_n of_o his_o wife_n and_o die_v and_o the_o wife_n bring_v a_o writ_n of_o dower_n against_o the_o discontinuee_n and_o recover_v the_o three_o part_n she_o be_v by_o it_o estopped_a to_o bring_v a_o cvi_fw-la invita_fw-la for_o by_o the_o writ_n of_o dower_n she_o claim_v title_n of_o dower_n only_o and_o therefore_o shall_v be_v estop_v to_o claim_v any_o other_o right_o by_o a_o cvi_fw-la invita_fw-la 10._o e._n 3._o double_a plea_n 8._o 10._o e._n 3._o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la 13._o f._n n._n b._n 194_o 17_o ass_n pl._n 3._o for_o when_o she_o bring_v her_o writ_n of_o dower_n and_o have_v judgement_n to_o have_v the_o three_o part_n of_o all_o by_o it_o she_o affirm_v that_o she_o have_v but_o title_n of_o dower_n and_o by_o consequence_n no_o estate_n and_o therefore_o she_o shall_v be_v estop_v to_o claim_v any_o part_n of_o it_o of_o which_o she_o have_v demand_v by_o her_o writ_n to_o be_v endow_v and_o a_o acceptance_n of_o rent_n by_o her_o deed_n indent_v conclude_v the_o feme_fw-fr of_o her_o right_n 11._o h_o 7._o 10_o vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la in_o christian_n case_n but_o here_o a_o diversity_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o a_o man_n may_v have_v several_a remedy_n for_o a_o thing_n that_o be_v mere_o personal_a or_o mere_o real_a as_o if_o a_o man_n may_v have_v a_o action_n of_o account_n or_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n at_o his_o pleasure_n &_o he_o bring_v a_o action_n of_o account_n &_o appear_v to_o it_o and_o after_o be_v non-suite_n yet_o he_o may_v have_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n afterward_o because_o both_o action_n charge_v the_o person_n the_o like_a case_n be_v of_o a_o assize_n &_o of_o a_o writ_n of_o entry_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o assize_n and_o the_o like_a coke_n come_v f._n 146_o a._n multa_fw-la conceduntur_fw-la per_fw-la obliquum_fw-la quae_fw-la non_fw-la concâ—duntur_fw-la de_fw-fr directo_fw-la coke_n l._n 6._o f._n 47._o a._n many_o thing_n be_v grant_v by_o the_o by_o which_o be_v not_o direct_o grant_v as_o when_o a_o bar_n be_v plead_v in_o a_o real_a or_o personal_a action_n as_o a_o release_n etc._n etc._n in_o a_o foreign_a county_n there_o the_o juror_n which_o try_v it_o shall_v assess_v damage_n according_a to_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o land_n in_o another_o county_n &_o so_o by_o that_o mean_n inquire_v of_o thing_n local_a in_o another_o county_n for_o many_o thing_n be_v grant_v by_o the_o by_o etc._n etc._n and_o when_o they_o try_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o bar_n upon_o good_a and_o pregnant_a evidence_n they_o ought_v to_o find_v all_o dependent_n upon_o it_o as_o damage_n etc._n etc._n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la dispositio_fw-la â—e_v interest_n facturo_fw-la jest_n inutilis_fw-la bacon_n f._n 56._o the_o grant_n of_o a_o future_a interest_n be_v vain_a and_o void_a for_o the_o law_n do_v not_o allow_v of_o grant_n unless_o there_o be_v a_o foundation_n of_o a_o interest_n for_o the_o law_n will_v not_o accept_v of_o grant_n of_o title_n or_o of_o thing_n in_o action_n which_o be_v imperfect_a interest_n much_o less_o will_v it_o allow_v a_o man_n to_o grant_v or_o encumber_v that_o which_o be_v no_o interest_n at_o all_o but_o mere_o future_a as_o a_o writ_n of_o annuity_n be_v grant_v by_o a_o prebend_v after_o collation_n admission_n and_o institution_n but_o before_o installation_n or_o induction_n which_o though_o it_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o ordinary_a who_o be_v the_o patron_n also_o be_v adjudge_v void_a because_o he_o have_v but_o jus_o ad_fw-la rem_fw-la and_o a_o future_a interest_n but_o not_o in_o re_fw-mi for_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v say_v a_o prebendary_a to_o all_o intent_n nor_o at_o the_o common_a law_n without_o the_o real_a possession_n which_o be_v by_o induction_n dyer_n 221._o pl._n 18._o a._n make_v a_o lease_n of_o land_n for_o year_n to_o b_o without_o reservation_n of_o the_o wood_n and_o tree_n the_o lessor_n can_v sell_v all_o the_o wood_n and_o tree_n for_o the_o wood_n and_o tree_n be_v parcel_n of_o the_o lease_n and_o pass_v to_o the_o lessee_n as_o well_o as_o the_o land_n if_o they_o be_v not_o except_v upon_o the_o lease_n for_o all_o the_o fruit_n and_o profit_n come_v from_o the_o fruitful_a tree_n belong_v to_o the_o lessee_n and_o the_o shadow_n and_o also_o the_o branch_n and_o lopping_n for_o fire_n or_o enclosure_n of_o fence_n dyer_n 90._o pl._n 8._o if_o i_o grant_v unto_o you_o that_o if_o you_o enter_v into_o a_o obligation_n to_o i_o of_o one_o hundred_o pound_n and_o after_o procure_v i_o such_o a_o lease_n that_o then_o the_o same_o obligation_n shall_v be_v void_a and_o you_o enter_v into_o such_o a_o obligation_n unto_o i_o and_o afterward_o do_v procure_v such_o a_o lease_n yet_o the_o obligation_n be_v simple_a because_o the_o defeasance_n be_v make_v of_o that_o which_o be_v not_o 20_o eliz._n 19_o h._n 6.62_o so_o if_o i_o grant_v unto_o you_o a_o rent-charge_n out_o of_o white-acre_n and_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o you_o to_o distrain_v in_o all_o my_o other_o land_n whereof_o i_o be_o now_o seize_v and_o which_o i_o shall_v hereafter_o purchase_v although_o this_o be_v but_o a_o liberty_n of_o distress_n and_o no_o rent_n save_v only_o out_o of_o white-acre_n yet_o as_o to_o the_o land_n after_o to_o be_v purchase_v the_o clause_n be_v void_a 27_o e._n 3._o if_o i_o covenant_n with_o my_o son_n in_o consideration_n of_o natural_a love_n to_o stand_v seize_v to_o his_o use_n of_o the_o land_n i_o shall_v hereafter_o purchase_v the_o use_n be_v void_a 25._o &_o 27._o eliz._n so_o if_o i_o devise_v the_o manor_n of_o d._n by_o special_a name_n of_o which_o at_o that_o time_n i_o be_o not_o seize_v and_o after_o i_o purchase_v it_o except_o i_o make_v some_o new_a publication_n of_o my_o will_n my_o devise_n be_v void_a ployd_v rigdens_n case_n vide_fw-la bacon_n ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la f._n 57.58_o non_fw-la refert_fw-la a_o quis_fw-la assensum_fw-la praebat_fw-la verbis_fw-la a_o rebus_fw-la &_o factis_fw-la coke_n l._n 10_o f._n 52._o b._n it_o matter_v not_o whether_o a_o man_n give_v his_o assent_n by_o word_n or_o by_o thing_n themselves_o and_o deed_n whereas_o the_o assent_n of_o a_o executor_n be_v necessary_a before_o any_o legancy_n can_v be_v have_v for_o that_o debt_n be_v first_o to_o be_v pay_v and_o that_o the_o executor_n must_v look_v to_o it_o athis_a peril_n offi._n of_o exec._n 234._o the_o assent_n consent_n and_o agreement_n of_o john_n morris_n the_o executor_n to_o the_o legacy_n of_o william_n taylor_n and_o elizabeth_n his_o wife_n do_v appear_v in_o that_o at_o the_o special_a instance_n and_o request_n of_o the_o say_a morris_n the_o say_a william_n taylor_n and_o elizabeth_n his_o wife_n do_v release_v the_o say_a legacy_n to_o the_o say_a morris_n
first_o because_o he_o request_v it_o which_o impli_v a_o assent_n &_o second_o because_o he_o accept_v it_o which_o also_o impli_v a_o assent_n for_o it_o matter_v nor_o whether_o one_o give_v his_o assent_n by_o word_n or_o by_o thing_n themselves_o and_o deed_n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la in_o lampeis_n case_n as_o if_o the_o baron_n accept_v the_o grant_n of_o a_o reversion_n that_o amount_v to_o a_o attornement_n 44._o e._n 3._o fine_n 37._o littleton_n so_o 37._o h._n 6._o 17._o he_o which_o have_v interest_n termini_fw-la to_o wit_n a_o future_a interest_n can_v by_o express_v word_n surrender_v it_o but_o the_o acceptance_n of_o a_o new_a lease_n shall_v drown_v it_o and_o in_o 7._o e._n 3._o 50._o the_o lord_n demand_v a_o heriot_n and_o the_o heir_n deliver_v a_o beast_n in_o which_o himself_o have_v property_n in_o his_o own_o right_n to_o the_o lord_n that_o amount_v to_o a_o gift_n ibidem_fw-la n.s._n seize_v of_o manor_n for_o the_o preferment_n of_o winifâ—id_n his_o wife_n and_o anne_n his_o daughter_n covenant_v to_o stand_v seize_v to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o etc._n etc._n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n in_o tail_n to_o a._n his_o daughter_n with_o a_o proviso_n that_o if_o he_o shall_v be_v dispose_v to_o determine_v etc._n etc._n the_o say_v use_n it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o he_o so_o to_o do_v by_o write_v indent_v under_o his_o hand_n and_o seal_v subscribe_v by_o three_o witness_n and_o to_o limit_v the_o say_a use_n to_o any_o other_o and_o n._n s._n after_o by_o indenture_n subscribe_v by_o three_o witness_n in_o consideration_n of_o a_o jointure_n to_o his_o second_o wife_n covenant_v to_o stand_v seize_v to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o &_o his_o second_o wife_n and_o it_o be_v resolve_v though_o there_o be_v no_o express_a signification_n of_o his_o purpose_n to_o determine_v etc._n etc._n the_o former_a use_n yet_o his_o last_o indenture_n to_o stand_v seize_v to_o himself_o and_o his_o second_o wife_n shall_v enure_v to_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o former_a use_n etc._n etc._n and_o that_o by_o it_o ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la the_o former_a use_n do_v cease_v and_o also_o inure_v to_o the_o raise_n of_o other_o use_n etc._n etc._n quia_fw-la non_fw-la refert_fw-la a_o quis_fw-la intentionem_fw-la svam_fw-la declaret_fw-la verbis_fw-la a_o rebus_fw-la ipsis_fw-la vel_fw-la factis_fw-la because_o it_o be_v no_o matterwhether_o one_o declare_v his_o intention_n in_o word_n or_o in_o the_o thing_n themselves_o or_o deed_n for_o by_o the_o limit_v of_o other_o use_v he_o do_v declare_v his_o intention_n and_o purpose_n to_o determine_v and_o alter_v the_o use_n before_o coke_n l._n 10._o f._n 144._o a_o scroop_v case_n conditio_fw-la beneficialis_fw-la quae_fw-la statum_fw-la construit_fw-la benign_a secundum_fw-la verborum_fw-la intentionem_fw-la est_fw-la interpretanda_fw-la odiosa_fw-la tamen_fw-la quae_fw-la statum_fw-la destruit_fw-la strict_a secundum_fw-la verborum_fw-la proprietatem_fw-la est_fw-la accipienda_fw-la coke_n l._n 8._o f._n 90._o b._n prouiso_n and_o condition_n which_o go_v in_o destruction_n and_o defeasance_n of_o estate_n be_v odious_a in_o law_n and_o be_v to_o be_v take_v strict_o and_o shall_v not_o be_v construe_v to_o make_v void_a any_o other_o use_n or_o state_n which_o be_v not_o within_o the_o word_n of_o the_o proviso_n but_o beneficial_a condition_n which_o make_v a_o estate_n be_v favourable_o to_o be_v take_v according_a to_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o word_n as_o if_o a_o feoffment_n be_v make_v upon_o such_o condition_n that_o the_o feoffee_n shall_v give_v the_o land_n to_o the_o feoffor_a and_o the_o wife_n of_o the_o feoffor_a and_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o their_o two_o body_n engender_v the_o remainder_n to_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o the_o feoffor_a if_o the_o baron_n die_v live_v the_o feme_fw-fr the_o feoffee_n by_o the_o law_n must_v make_v the_o estate_n to_o the_o feme_fw-fr so_o near_o the_o condition_n that_o he_o can_v make_v it_o as_o littleton_n say_v to_o wit_n to_o lease_v it_o to_o the_o feme_fw-fr for_o term_n of_o her_o life_n without_o impeachment_n of_o waist_n and_o after_o her_o decease_n to_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o the_o baron_n and_o of_o she_o engender_v the_o remainder_n to_o to_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o the_o baron_n and_o so_o if_o the_o baron_n &_o feme_fw-fr dye_n before_o the_o deed_n make_v and_o with_o it_o accord_v the_o 2._o h._n 4._o 5._o but_o when_o condition_n enure_v to_o the_o destruction_n of_o estate_n than_o they_o shall_v be_v take_v strict_o as_o if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o feoffment_n in_o fee_n of_o certain_a land_n upon_o condition_n that_o the_o feoffee_n shall_v not_o give_v the_o land_n to_o baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr and_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o their_o body_n engender_v if_o the_o baron_n die_v without_o issue_n and_o the_o feoffee_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o the_o life_n of_o the_o feme_fw-fr without_o impeachment_n of_o waste_n that_o be_v no_o breach_n of_o the_o condition_n for_o it_o be_v take_v strict_o because_o it_o run_v to_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o feoffment_n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la in_o frances_n case_n a_o lease_n make_v to_o one_o upon_o condition_n that_o the_o lessee_n shall_v not_o alien_a to_o a._n b._n and_o he_o alien_v to_o r._n b._n and_o it_o seem_v that_o the_o condition_n be_v not_o break_v for_o every_o condition_n must_v be_v take_v strict_o for_o if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o feoffment_n on_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o enfeoff_v i._o s._n and_o die_v and_o his_o heir_n enfeoff_v i._o s._n that_o be_v no_o breach_n of_o the_o condition_n dyer_n f._n 45._o pl._n 1._o a_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o another_o in_o a_o hundred_o pound_n that_o he_o shall_v discharge_v the_o obligee_n and_o â—ave_n he_o harmless_a of_o all_o suit_n and_o encumbrance_n against_o i.s._n and_o after_o the_o say_v i._o s._n sue_v the_o obligee_n and_o proceed_v unto_o judgement_n and_o the_o defendant_n plead_v non_fw-la damnificatus_fw-la and_o beaumon_a sergeant_n say_v that_o in_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o law_n until_o his_o good_n or_o land_n be_v actual_o charge_v he_o be_v not_o damnify_v but_o walmesley_n justice_n hold_v that_o there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o damage_n executory_a and_o execute_v executory_a which_o a_o man_n may_v in_o future_a time_n sustain_v execute_v as_o if_o the_o land_n or_o the_o person_n shall_v be_v in_o present_a execution_n as_o if_o the_o disseisee_fw-mi make_v a_o release_n to_o the_o disseisor_n and_o a_o stranger_n cancel_v the_o the_o deed_n of_o the_o release_n the_o disseisor_n may_v have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o he_o and_o yet_o the_o disseisor_n do_v continue_v in_o possession_n and_o be_v not_o actual_o damnify_v and_o the_o justice_n say_v the_o land_n in_o some_o sort_n be_v actual_o charge_v for_o who_o will_v buy_v the_o land_n of_o the_o party_n but_o only_o under_o value_n because_o of_o the_o judgement_n executory_a 33_o eliz._n ridgleys_n case_n if_o a_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o make_v a_o sufficient_a estate_n in_o land_n to_o one_o according_a to_o the_o advice_n of_o i._o s._n if_o he_o make_v a_o estate_n according_a to_o his_o advice_n whether_o it_o be_v sufficient_a or_o no_o he_o be_v excuse_v 7_o e._n 4.13_o a_o table_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o rule_n contain_v in_o this_o treatise_n a._n abundans_fw-la cautela_fw-la non_fw-la nocet_fw-la a_o abundance_n of_o circumspection_n do_v not_o hurt_v fol._n 323_o actus_fw-la dei_fw-la nemini_fw-la facit_fw-la injuriam_fw-la the_o act_n of_o god_n do_v injury_n to_o no_o man_n 6_o actio_fw-la personalis_fw-la moritur_fw-la cum_fw-la persona_fw-la a_o personal_a action_n die_v with_o the_o person_n 48_o actori_fw-la incumbit_fw-la onus_fw-la probandi_fw-la &_o stabilitur_fw-la praesumptio_fw-la donec_fw-la probetur_fw-la in_o contrarium_fw-la the_o burden_n of_o prove_v lie_v on_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o the_o presumption_n be_v confirm_v until_o it_o be_v prove_v to_o the_o contrary_a 46_o accessorium_fw-la sequitur_fw-la suum_fw-la principale_v a_o accessary_n follow_v the_o principal_a 56_o accusare_fw-la nemo_fw-la se_fw-la debet_fw-la nisi_fw-la coram_fw-la deo_fw-la no_o man_n ought_v to_o accuse_v himself_o unless_o it_o be_v before_o god_n 222_o actus_fw-la non_fw-la facit_fw-la reum_fw-la nisi_fw-la mens_fw-la fit_a rea_fw-la the_o act_n make_v not_o a_o man_n guilty_a unless_o the_o mind_n be_v guilty_a 231_o actus_fw-la repugnans_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la in_fw-la esse_fw-la produci_fw-la a_o repugnant_a act_n can_v be_v bring_v into_o be_v 124_o actus_fw-la i_o invito_fw-la factus_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la meus_fw-la actus_fw-la a_o act_n do_v against_o my_o will_n be_v not_o my_o act_n 434_o actus_fw-la legis_fw-la nemini_fw-la facit_fw-la injuriam_fw-la the_o act_n of_o law_n do_v no_o man_n injury_n 463._o &_o 317_o ad_fw-la libitum_fw-la regis_fw-la sonuit_fw-la sententia_fw-la legis_fw-la the_o sentence_n of_o the_o law_n sound_v according_a to_o the_o king_n