the_o eucharist_n a_o unbloody_a sacrifice_n i._n e._n a_o sacrifice_n of_o praise_n and_o thanksgiving_n his_o last_o reserve_n be_v st._n august_n who_o l._n 9_o confess_v c._n 13._o speak_v of_o his_o mother_n monica_n desire_v to_o be_v remember_v at_o the_o altar_n after_o her_o death_n because_o she_o know_v that_o thence_o be_v dispense_v the_o holy_a victim_n by_o which_o be_v cancel_v the_o handwriting_n which_o be_v contrary_a unto_o we_o and_o serm._n 32._o de_fw-fr verb._n apost_n where_o he_o speak_v of_o a_o propitiatory_a sacrifice_n and_o alm_n offer_v for_o soul_n depart_v and_o of_o commemorate_n the_o dead_a at_o the_o sacrifice_n and_o of_o a_o sacrifice_n be_v offer_v for_o they_o that_o christian_n do_v usual_o meet_v to_o celebrate_v the_o memorial_n of_o holy_a martyr_n and_o other_o depart_v in_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n and_o that_o some_o kind_n of_o prayer_n be_v in_o st._n augustine_n time_n use_v for_o the_o dead_a we_o deny_v not_o but_o these_o be_v not_o the_o thing_n in_o question_n but_o whether_o in_o the_o mass_n there_o be_v offer_v a_o true_a proper_a and_o propitiatory_a sacrifice_n for_o the_o live_n and_o the_o dead_a to_o prove_v this_o he_o produce_v these_o passage_n of_o st._n austin_n wherein_o he_o seem_v to_o call_v the_o eucharist_n the_o holy_a victim_n and_o the_o sacrifice_n now_o what_o st._n austin_n mean_v by_o these_o word_n he_o himself_o shall_v tell_v you_o in_o his_o book_n of_o faith_n he_o call_v it_o a_o sacrifice_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n offer_v in_o faith_n and_o charity_n 19_o august_n ad_fw-la petr._n diac._n c._n 19_o and_o a_o commemoration_n of_o the_o flesh_n of_o christ_n which_o he_o offer_v for_o we_o and_o of_o the_o blood_n which_o he_o shed_v for_o we_o 17._o id._n the_o civ_o dei_fw-la l._n 17._o c._n 17._o and_o in_o another_o place_n to_o eat_v the_o bread_n in_o the_o new_a testament_n be_v the_o sacrifice_n of_o christian_n and_o again_o this_o flesh_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n be_v promise_v before_o his_o come_n 21._o id._n contr_n faustum_n l._n 20._o c._n 21._o by_o the_o resemblance_n of_o sacrifice_n in_o the_o passion_n of_o christ_n it_o be_v true_o exhibit_v after_o the_o ascension_n of_o christ_n it_o be_v celebrate_v by_o the_o sacrament_n of_o commemoration_n 23._o id._n epist_n ad_fw-la bonifac_o 23._o and_o again_o be_v not_o christ_n once_o sacrifice_v in_o his_o body_n and_o yet_o he_o be_v sacrifice_v to_o the_o people_n in_o a_o sacred_a sign_n every_o day_n 5._o id._n the_o civ_o dei_fw-la l._n 10._o c._n 5._o and_o again_o that_o which_o we_o call_v a_o sacrifice_n be_v a_o sign_n or_o representation_n of_o the_o true_a sacrifice_n thus_o do_v st._n austin_n explain_v himself_o and_o if_o thus_o explain_v the_o vindicator_n can_v any_o way_n avail_n either_o himself_o or_o his_o cause_n by_o his_o testimony_n he_o have_v free_a liberty_n so_o to_o do_v i_o believe_v and_o profess_v that_o in_o the_o holy_a sacrament_n of_o the_o eucharist_n be_v true_o real_o and_o substantial_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n together_o with_o the_o soul_n and_o divinity_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n and_o that_o there_o be_v a_o change_n or_o conversion_n of_o the_o whole_a substance_n of_o the_o bread_n into_o the_o body_n and_o of_o the_o whole_a substance_n of_o the_o wine_n into_o the_o blood_n which_o conversion_n or_o change_v the_o holy_a church_n call_v transubstantiation_n this_o doctrine_n he_o say_v be_v found_v in_o the_o express_a word_n of_o christ_n who_o say_v this_o be_v my_o body_n this_o be_v my_o blood._n to_o this_o i_o answer_v these_o and_o the_o other_o word_n of_o institution_n have_v be_v consider_v already_o and_o no_o new_a matter_n here_o offer_v i_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o trouble_v myself_o nor_o the_o reader_n with_o the_o repetition_n of_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v and_o this_o be_v the_o only_a scripture_n proof_n he_o here_o allege_v i_o shall_v only_o refer_v you_o to_o what_o i_o have_v say_v of_o it_o in_o the_o forego_n article_n and_o so_o wait_v upon_o the_o vindicator_n to_o his_o authority_n the_o authority_n which_o he_o here_o produce_v if_o they_o be_v any_o thing_n to_o his_o purpose_n must_v be_v acknowledge_v to_o be_v ancient_a and_o the_o author_n of_o good_a credit_n whether_o therefore_o they_o will_v serve_v the_o end_n which_o he_o aim_v at_o we_o shall_v now_o inquire_v his_o first_o evidence_n be_v st._n ignatius_n martyr_n in_o ep._n ad_fw-la smyrn_n where_o speak_v of_o some_o heretic_n of_o his_o time_n he_o say_v they_o do_v not_o allow_v of_o eucharist_n and_o oblation_n because_o they_o do_v not_o believe_v the_o eucharist_n to_o be_v the_o flesh_n of_o our_o saviour_n jesus_n christ_n which_o suffer_v for_o our_o sin_n and_o which_o the_o father_n in_o his_o mercy_n raise_v again_o from_o the_o dead_a these_o word_n be_v indeed_o thus_o cite_v by_o theodoret_n dial._n 111._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d they_o do_v not_o receive_v the_o eucharist_n and_o oblation_n but_o in_o the_o copy_n of_o this_o epistle_n which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o florentine_a library_n and_o be_v general_o think_v to_o be_v the_o most_o genuine_a we_o find_v this_o passage_n thus_o word_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d they_o recede_v or_o abstain_v from_o eucharist_n and_o prayer_n but_o this_o only_a by_o the_o bye_n the_o stress_n of_o his_o argument_n lie_v not_o in_o this_o but_o in_o the_o reason_n of_o their_o recession_n and_o refusal_n which_o be_v because_o they_o do_v not_o confess_v that_o the_o eucharist_n be_v the_o flesh_n of_o our_o saviour_n jesus_n christ_n which_o suffer_v for_o our_o sin_n and_o be_v raise_v again_o these_o word_n at_o first_o sight_n to_o a_o unthinking_a man_n may_v seem_v to_o conclude_v the_o point_n but_o if_o we_o consider_v who_o they_o be_v that_o refuse_v the_o eucharist_n for_o this_o reason_n it_o will_v much_o abate_v the_o force_n of_o they_o that_o they_o be_v heretic_n the_o vindicator_n own_v and_o what_o their_o heresy_n be_v ignatius_n will_v tell_v we_o they_o deny_v christ_n to_o be_v a_o perfect_a man_n they_o hold_v that_o he_o have_v not_o a_o true_a humane_a but_o only_o a_o fantastical_a body_n that_o he_o do_v not_o real_o but_o in_o appearance_n only_o suffer_v upon_o the_o cross_n and_o rise_v again_o from_o the_o dead_a against_o these_o the_o holy_a martyr_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o epistle_n bend_v his_o whole_a discourse_n his_o whole_a business_n be_v to_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o christ_n be_v true_o bear_v of_o the_o virgin_n mary_n true_o baptize_v of_o john_n in_o jordan_n true_o suffer_v under_o pontius_n pilate_n and_o be_v true_o raise_v again_o from_o the_o dead_a now_o what_o wonder_n be_v it_o that_o those_o who_o do_v believe_v that_o he_o never_o have_v any_o real_a body_n shall_v refuse_v and_o reject_v with_o scorn_n his_o sacramental_a body_n when_o offer_v to_o they_o for_o what_o sacrament_n what_o sign_n what_o remembrance_n what_o representation_n can_v there_o possible_o be_v of_o that_o which_o in_o truth_n never_o have_v any_o be_v the_o whole_a importance_n therefore_o of_o these_o word_n be_v only_o this_o these_o heretic_n will_v not_o believe_v the_o eucharist_n to_o be_v the_o sacramental_a body_n of_o christ_n because_o they_o do_v not_o believe_v that_o ever_o he_o have_v any_o real_a body_n st._n chrysostome_n speak_v of_o some_o such_o in_o his_o time_n who_o will_v not_o believe_v that_o christ_n real_o suffer_v 83._o chrysost_n in_o matth._n hom._n 83._o tell_v we_o in_o what_o manner_n they_o use_v to_o convince_v they_o when_o they_o say_v how_o may_v we_o know_v that_o christ_n be_v offer_v bring_v forth_o these_o mystery_n we_o stop_v their_o mouth_n for_o if_o christ_n die_v not_o who_o sign_n and_o token_n be_v this_o sacrifice_n where_o he_o call_v the_o eucharist_n a_o mystery_n a_o sign_n and_o a_o token_n i._n e._n a_o representation_n of_o the_o death_n of_o christ_n and_o in_o this_o sense_n be_v we_o to_o understand_v the_o holy_a martyr_n ignatius_n in_o this_o place_n his_o next_o witness_n be_v st._n hilary_n l._n 8._o de_fw-la trinit_fw-la where_o he_o say_v my_o flesh_n be_v meat_n indeed_o and_o my_o blood_n be_v drink_v indeed_o there_o be_v no_o place_n leave_v for_o doubt_v of_o the_o reality_n of_o his_o flesh_n and_o blood_n for_o now_o both_o by_o the_o profession_n of_o christ_n himself_o and_o by_o our_o faith_n it_o be_v true_o flesh_n and_o true_o blood._n be_v not_o this_o truth_n it_o may_v indeed_o not_o be_v true_a to_o they_o who_o deny_v christ_n to_o be_v god._n to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o the_o word_n which_o st._n hilary_n here_o quote_v be_v in_o john_n vi_fw-la 55._o in_o which_o whole_a chapter_n our_o saviour_n speak_v not_o
one_o word_n of_o the_o eucharist_n that_o not_o be_v institute_v till_o two_o year_n after_o or_o thereabouts_o nor_o do_v he_o there_o speak_v of_o a_o corporal_n eat_v which_o be_v do_v by_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o body_n but_o of_o a_o spiritual_a eat_n which_o be_v do_v by_o faith._n for_o he_o be_v there_o speak_v to_o the_o capernaitan_a jew_n who_o follow_v he_o for_o the_o loaf_n and_o take_v occasion_n from_o their_o gluttonous_a appetite_n to_o instruct_v they_o better_o to_o acquaint_v they_o with_o another_o kind_n of_o food_n a_o celestial_a bread_n of_o which_o whosoever_o eat_v live_v eternal_o and_o that_o bread_n be_v himself_o and_o of_o this_o it_o be_v that_o he_o say_v my_o flesh_n be_v meat_n indeed_o and_o my_o blood_n be_v drink_v indeed_o and_o lest_o they_o shall_v understand_v he_o carnal_o he_o close_v up_o his_o discourse_n with_o these_o word_n the_o word_n which_o i_o speak_v unto_o you_o be_v spirit_n and_o life_n v._o 63._o and_o that_o in_o this_o sense_n st._n hilary_n be_v here_o to_o be_v understand_v i_o do_v not_o doubt_v for_o in_o these_o very_a word_n he_o say_v it_o be_v so_o by_o our_o faith_n i._n e._n to_o they_o that_o believe_v and_o the_o truth_n of_o it_o will_v not_o be_v deny_v by_o any_o but_o those_o who_o deny_v the_o divinity_n of_o christ_n i._n e._n who_o deny_v he_o to_o be_v the_o bread_n which_o come_v down_o from_o heaven_n v._o 50._o for_o it_o be_v not_o his_o flesh_n and_o blood_n but_o his_o divinity_n that_o come_v down_o from_o heaven_n but_o if_o we_o shall_v grant_v that_o st._n hilary_n in_o this_o discourse_n have_v a_o eye_n to_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o eucharist_n as_o i_o do_v believe_v he_o have_v yet_o do_v he_o very_o well_o explain_v himself_o and_o give_v we_o to_o understand_v that_o he_o do_v not_o speak_v of_o bodily_a but_o spiritual_a meat_n not_o of_o corporal_n but_o spiritual_a eat_n not_o of_o receive_v christ_n by_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o body_n but_o by_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o soul_n which_o be_v faith._n for_o in_o the_o very_a same_o book_n that_o be_v here_o quote_v he_o say_v christ_n be_v in_o we_o not_o bodily_a 83._o hilar._n in_o matth._n can._n 30._o chrysost_n in_o matth._n hom._n 83._o but_o by_o the_o mystery_n of_o the_o sacrament_n and_o again_o we_o receive_v christ_n true_o not_o substantial_o but_o under_o a_o mystery_n and_o in_o another_o place_n he_o speak_v of_o drink_v of_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o vine_n which_o as_o st._n chrysostom_n say_v do_v certain_o produce_v wine_n not_o water_n and_o i_o may_v add_v nor_o blood._n his_o next_o quotation_n be_v out_o of_o st._n chrysostom_n l._n 3._o de_fw-fr sacerd._n where_o that_o holy_a father_n in_o a_o ecstacy_n cry_v out_o o_o miracle_n he_o that_o sit_v above_o with_o his_o father_n at_o the_o very_a same_o instant_n of_o time_n be_v here_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o all_o he_o give_v himself_o to_o those_o that_o be_v willing_a to_o receive_v he_o to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v usual_a with_o the_o ancient_a father_n by_o vehement_a expression_n and_o rhetorical_a amplification_n to_o ravish_v the_o mind_n and_o inflame_v the_o devotion_n of_o their_o hearer_n we_o very_o well_o know_v and_o that_o it_o be_v as_o frequent_v with_o st._n chrysostom_n as_o any_o other_o can_v be_v unknown_a to_o any_o who_o have_v be_v conversant_a in_o his_o write_n i_o shall_v only_o trouble_v you_o with_o one_o instance_n which_o the_o vindicator_n may_v find_v in_o the_o same_o book_n which_o he_o here_o quote_v christ_n be_v crucify_a before_o our_o eye_n his_o blood_n gush_v out_o of_o his_o side_n and_o stream_v and_o flow_v over_o the_o holy_a table_n and_o the_o people_n be_v therewith_o make_v red_a and_o bloody_a do_v st._n chrysostom_n intend_v to_o be_v understand_v plain_o and_o literal_o here_o sure_o the_o vindicator_n will_v not_o say_v so_o nor_o if_o he_o well_o consider_v will_v he_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o understand_v he_o so_o in_o the_o place_n by_o he_o allege_v for_o if_o so_o then_o must_v he_o grant_v that_o the_o people_n do_v very_o and_o indeed_o see_v christ_n very_a body_n and_o handle_v and_o touch_v it_o with_o their_o finger_n which_o some_o of_o his_o own_o doctor_n will_v be_v ready_a to_o tell_v he_o be_v not_o only_o false_a but_o a_o worse_a heresy_n than_o ever_o be_v defend_v by_o berengarius_fw-la the_o miracle_n therefore_o which_o st._n chrysostom_n here_o speak_v of_o be_v not_o the_o fleshly_a or_o bodily_a presence_n of_o christ_n in_o the_o sacrament_n but_o the_o wonderful_a effect_n that_o god_n work_v in_o the_o faithful_a in_o that_o dreadful_a time_n of_o the_o holy_a communion_n wherein_o the_o whole_a mystery_n of_o our_o redemption_n by_o the_o blood_n of_o christ_n be_v express_v but_o if_o this_o place_n of_o st._n chrysostom_n do_v not_o so_o full_o express_v the_o bodily_a presence_n of_o christ_n in_o the_o eucharist_n the_o vindicator_n have_v another_o which_o he_o think_v will_v sufficient_o do_v it_o and_o that_o be_v in_o his_o 83._o hom._n in_o matth._n where_o he_o say_v he_o that_o wrought_v those_o thing_n at_o the_o last_o supper_n be_v the_o author_n of_o what_o be_v do_v here_o we_o hold_v but_o the_o place_n of_o minister_n but_o he_o that_o sanctify_v and_o change_v they_o be_v christ_n himself_o of_o what_o change_n st._n chrysostom_n here_o speak_v he_o himself_o do_v plain_o intimate_v for_o in_o the_o same_o homily_n he_o immediate_o add_v so_o be_v it_o also_o in_o baptism_n as_o if_o he_o shall_v have_v say_v as_o in_o the_o sacrament_n of_o baptism_n the_o water_n be_v change_v from_o common_a to_o sacramental_a water_n so_o in_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o eucharist_n the_o bread_n and_o wine_n be_v change_v from_o common_a to_o sacramental_a bread_n and_o wine_n and_o that_o he_o mean_v only_o this_o and_o not_o any_o substantial_a change_n be_v plain_a for_o in_o the_o same_o homily_n he_o say_v when_o he_o will_v represent_v the_o mystery_n he_o give_v wine_n and_o in_o another_o place_n he_o say_v caesar_n chrysost_n ep._n ad_fw-la caesar_n as_o the_o bread_n before_o it_o be_v sanctify_v be_v call_v bread_n when_o by_o the_o intercession_n of_o the_o priest_n divine_a grace_n have_v sanctify_v it_o it_o lose_v the_o name_n of_o bread_n and_o become_v worthy_a to_o be_v call_v the_o body_n of_o jesus_n christ_n although_o the_o nature_n of_o bread_n abide_v in_o it_o and_o in_o another_o place_n he_o say_v if_o it_o be_v dangerous_a to_o employ_v the_o holy_a vessel_n about_o common_a use_n 11._o chrysost_n in_o matth._n opere_fw-la imperf_n hom._n 11._o wherein_o the_o true_a body_n of_o jesus_n christ_n be_v not_o contain_v but_o the_o mystery_n of_o his_o body_n how_o much_o rather_o the_o vessel_n of_o our_o body_n which_o god_n have_v prepare_v to_o dwell_v in_o by_o all_o which_o we_o may_v plain_o understand_v what_o st._n chrysostom_n thought_n be_v of_o a_o substantial_a change_n or_o of_o christ_n bodily_a presence_n in_o the_o eucharist_n when_o they_o be_v cool_a and_o calm_a and_o free_a from_o any_o ecstatical_a rapture_n his_o next_o be_v st._n cyril_n of_o jerusalem_n in_o catech._n whence_o he_o quote_v these_o word_n since_o therefore_o christ_n himself_o thus_o affirm_v and_o say_v of_o the_o bread_n this_o be_v my_o body_n and_o this_o be_v my_o blood_n who_o can_v doubt_v of_o it_o and_o say_v it_o be_v not_o his_o blood_n no_o body_n certain_o for_o in_o the_o same_o sense_n that_o christ_n say_v it_o be_v so_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n to_o be_v make_v but_o that_o it_o be_v so_o i._n e._n sacramental_o and_o in_o a_o mystery_n but_o here_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o if_o st._n cyril_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v literal_o he_o will_v be_v no_o good_a evidence_n for_o the_o vindicator_n for_o he_o do_v not_o say_v of_o the_o bread_n it_o be_v change_v into_o his_o body_n but_o it_o be_v his_o body_n etc._n etc._n so_o that_o according_a to_o he_o the_o bread_n must_v be_v christ_n body_n and_o the_o cup_n his_o blood_n which_o as_o yet_o they_o have_v not_o have_v the_o confidence_n to_o affirm_v nor_o indeed_o will_v it_o consist_v with_o their_o notion_n of_o transubstantiation_n and_o if_o it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v figurative_o it_o will_v less_o serve_v his_o purpose_n for_o than_o it_o will_v import_v no_o more_o than_o what_o tertullian_n say_v 4._o tertul._n contra_fw-la martion_n l._n 4._o christ_n take_v bread_n and_o make_v it_o his_o body_n by_o say_v this_o be_v my_o body_n i._n e._n the_o figure_n of_o my_o body_n but_o he_o further_o enforce_v his_o argument_n say_v in_o cana_n of_o galilee_n he_o once_o by_o his_o sole_a will_n turn_v water_n into_o wine_n which_o
resemble_v blood_n and_o do_v he_o not_o deserve_v to_o be_v credit_v that_o he_o change_v wine_n into_o his_o blood_n yes_o no_o doubt_n when_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o he_o do_v so_o or_o when_o we_o have_v as_o clear_v evidence_n of_o his_o change_a wine_n into_o blood_n as_o we_o have_v of_o his_o change_a water_n into_o wine_n at_o the_o marriage_n feast_n in_o cana_n of_o galilee_n in_o this_o he_o appeal_v to_o sense_n bid_v the_o servant_n draw_v out_o now_o and_o carry_v it_o to_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o feast_n that_o he_o may_v taste_v it_o but_o in_o the_o other_o we_o be_v require_v to_o believe_v against_o all_o evidence_n of_o sense_n but_o to_o clear_v the_o point_n more_o full_o st._n cyril_n himself_o will_v tell_v we_o what_o kind_n of_o change_n he_o here_o speak_v of_o 3._o cyril_n hierosol_n catech_n mist_n 3._o for_o say_v he_o as_o bread_n in_o the_o eucharist_n after_o the_o invocation_n of_o the_o holy_a spirit_n be_v no_o more_o common_a bread_n but_o be_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n so_o this_o holy_a ointment_n be_v no_o more_o that_o ointment_n i._n e._n as_o the_o ointment_n be_v change_v so_o be_v the_o bread_n in_o the_o eucharist_n and_o no_o otherwise_o as_o the_o ointment_n when_o once_o consecrate_v to_o a_o holy_a use_n be_v no_o more_o common_a ointment_n i._n e._n though_o it_o be_v ointment_n still_o and_o the_o same_o in_o substance_n that_o it_o be_v yet_o it_o be_v no_o more_o the_o same_o ointment_n for_o before_o it_o be_v common_a now_o it_o be_v consecrate_v so_o the_o bread_n in_o the_o eucharist_n after_o the_o invocation_n of_o the_o holy_a spirit_n be_v no_o more_o common_a bread_n i._n e._n though_o it_o be_v bread_n still_o yet_o be_v it_o not_o common_a bread_n but_o it_o be_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n i._n e._n the_o sacrament_n of_o his_o body_n his_o next_o authority_n be_v greg._n nyssen_n orat._n catech._n c._n 37._o whence_o he_o cite_v these_o word_n i_o do_v therefore_o now_o right_o believe_v that_o the_o bread_n sanctify_v by_o the_o word_n of_o god_n be_v change_v into_o the_o body_n of_o the_o word_n because_o it_o the_o bread_n be_v sudden_o change_v by_o this_o word_n this_o be_v my_o body_n and_o this_o be_v effect_v by_o the_o virtue_n of_o benediction_n by_o which_o the_o nature_n of_o those_o thing_n that_o appear_v be_v transelemented_a into_o it_o to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o the_o bread_n sanctify_v by_o the_o word_n of_o god_n be_v change_v or_o transelemented_a into_o the_o body_n of_o the_o word_n if_o it_o be_v understand_v in_o the_o same_o sense_n that_o the_o ancient_a father_n use_v it_o we_o can_v ready_o subscribe_v unto_o it_o and_o in_o what_o sense_n they_o use_v it_o have_v be_v in_o part_n declare_v already_o tertullian_n say_v 4._o tertull._n contra_fw-la martion_n l._n 4._o christ_n take_v bread_n and_o make_v it_o his_o body_n by_o say_v this_o be_v my_o body_n i._n e._n a_o figure_n of_o my_o body_n and_o st._n austin_n say_v 23._o aug._n ad_fw-la bonifac._n ep._n 23._o after_o a_o certain_a manner_n the_o sacrament_n of_o christ_n body_n be_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n he_o do_v not_o say_v it_o real_o be_v but_o after_o a_o certain_a manner_n and_o in_o what_o manner_n it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v so_o he_o himself_o in_o another_o place_n inform_v we_o say_v he_o make_v no_o doubt_n to_o say_v johan_n aug._n contr_n adimant_n c._n 12._o theophilact_fw-mi in_o 6._o cap._n johan_n this_o be_v my_o body_n when_o he_o give_v the_o sign_n of_o his_o body_n and_o theophilact_v say_v we_o ourselves_o be_v transelemented_a into_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n which_o i_o suppose_v this_o gentleman_n will_v not_o understand_v as_o if_o believer_n be_v real_o and_o substantial_o change_v into_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n but_o to_o clear_v this_o point_n let_v but_o greg._n nyssen_n who_o certain_o best_o understand_v his_o own_o meaning_n be_v his_o own_o interpreter_n and_o it_o will_v plain_o appear_v that_o by_o these_o expression_n he_o intend_v no_o more_o than_o what_o be_v express_v by_o these_o and_o many_o other_o holy_a father_n for_o in_o another_o place_n thus_o he_o write_v this_o altar_n baptism_n gregor_n nyssen_n de_fw-fr sancto_fw-it baptism_n whereat_o we_o stand_v be_v by_o nature_n a_o common_a stone_n nothing_o differ_v from_o other_o stone_n whereof_o our_o wall_n be_v build_v and_o our_o pavement_n lay_v but_o after_o that_o it_o be_v once_o dedicate_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n and_o have_v receive_v blessing_n it_o be_v a_o holy_a table_n and_o a_o undefiled_a altar_n afterward_o not_o to_o be_v touch_v of_o all_o man_n but_o only_o of_o the_o priest_n and_o that_o with_o reverence_n likewise_o the_o bread_n that_o first_o be_v common_a after_o that_o the_o mystery_n have_v hallow_v it_o be_v both_o call_v and_o be_v christ_n body_n likewise_o also_o the_o wine_n christ_n blood._n and_o whereas_o before_o they_o be_v thing_n of_o small_a value_n after_o the_o blessing_n that_o come_v from_o the_o holy_a ghost_n either_o of_o they_o both_o work_v mighty_o the_o like_a power_n also_o make_v the_o priest_n to_o be_v reverend_a and_o honourable_a be_v by_o mean_n of_o a_o new_a benediction_n divide_v from_o the_o common_a sort_n of_o the_o people_n whence_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o as_o the_o altar_n of_o stone_n be_v change_v from_o its_o former_a state_n and_o yet_o remain_v stone_n still_o and_o as_o the_o priest_n be_v change_v from_o what_o he_o be_v before_o and_o yet_o remain_v the_o same_o man_n still_o so_o and_o no_o otherwise_o do_v the_o holy_a father_n think_v that_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n be_v change_v in_o the_o sacrament_n i._n e._n they_o be_v change_v into_o christ_n body_n and_o blood_n and_o yet_o remain_v bread_n and_o wine_n still_o in_o the_o next_o place_n he_o bring_v in_o st._n ambrose_n l._n de_o his_o qui_fw-la mist_n initiant_fw-la where_o speak_v of_o the_o eucharist_n he_o say_v shall_v not_o the_o word_n of_o christ_n be_v powerful_a enough_o to_o change_v the_o nature_n of_o thing_n yes_o no_o doubt_n when_o he_o please_v so_o to_o do_v you_o have_v read_v of_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n that_o god_n speak_v and_o the_o thing_n be_v make_v he_o command_v and_o they_o receive_v a_o be_v if_o therefore_o christ_n by_o his_o word_n be_v able_a to_o make_v something_o of_o nothing_o shall_v he_o not_o be_v think_v able_a to_o change_v one_o thing_n into_o another_o yes_o certain_o when_o he_o think_v fit_a to_o do_v it_o but_o the_o question_n here_o be_v not_o what_o christ_n as_o god_n can_v do_v but_z what_o he_o will_v or_o have_v do_v now_o let_v we_o see_v what_o kind_n of_o argument_n this_o gentleman_n can_v find_v in_o this_o topick_n if_o he_o have_v any_o it_o must_v run_v thus_o whatsoever_o christ_n as_o god_n by_o his_o omnipotent_a power_n can_v do_v that_o he_o do_v but_o christ_n as_o god_n by_o his_o omnipotent_a power_n can_v make_v the_o bread_n in_o the_o sacramen_n to_o be_v his_o body_n therefore_o he_o do_v it_o will_v it_o not_o be_v every_o whit_n as_o good_a a_o argument_n christ_n as_o god_n by_o his_o omnipotent_a power_n can_v make_v the_o vindicator_n a_o pope_n or_o a_o cardinal_n therefore_o he_o have_v do_v it_o will_v not_o any_o fresh_a man_n smile_v at_o such_o a_o argument_n and_o put_v he_o in_o mind_n of_o a_o old_a maxim_n a_o posse_fw-la ad_fw-la esse_fw-la non_fw-la valet_fw-la consequentia_fw-la but_o to_o clear_v st._n ambrose_n from_o that_o foul_a aspersion_n which_o the_o vindicator_n here_o will_v insinuate_v and_o impose_v upon_o he_o we_o need_v but_o consult_v st._n ambrose_n himself_o for_o there_o be_v none_o of_o the_o ancient_a father_n who_o have_v deliver_v his_o opinion_n in_o this_o matter_n more_o plain_o and_o express_o than_o he_o have_v do_v for_o in_o the_o same_o book_n which_o be_v here_o cite_v he_o say_v 3._o ambr._n de_fw-fr his_fw-la qui_fw-la initiant_fw-la mist_n c._n 3._o it_o be_v one_o thing_n that_o be_v do_v visible_o and_o another_o thing_n that_o be_v celebrate_v invisible_o believe_v not_o only_o what_o thou_o see_v with_o thy_o bodily_a eye_n for_o that_o be_v better_a see_v which_o thou_o do_v not_o see_v the_o thing_n that_o thou_o see_v be_v corruptible_a the_o thing_n which_o thou_o do_v not_o see_v be_v for_o ever_o where_o he_o plain_o distinguish_v between_o the_o sacrament_n and_o the_o thing_n signify_v thereby_o and_o again_o 2._o ibid._n c._n 2._o as_o the_o flesh_n of_o christ_n which_o be_v crucify_a and_o bury_v be_v true_a flesh_n so_o this_o be_v true_o a_o sacrament_n of_o that_o flesh_n our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n say_v this_o be_v my_o body_n before_o the_o blessing_n of_o the_o heavenly_a word_n it_o be_v name_v
say_v this_o be_v my_o body_n and_o all_o this_o he_o himself_o tell_v we_o be_v bread._n and_o that_o it_o do_v not_o receive_v any_o such_o wonderful_a conversion_n or_o change_n as_o they_o believe_v it_o do_v by_o the_o pronounce_v of_o those_o word_n st._n paul_n who_o may_v be_v presume_v to_o understand_v the_o mind_n of_o his_o master_n as_o well_o as_o any_o of_o they_o be_v a_o very_a good_a evidence_n who_o after_o the_o word_n of_o consecration_n by_o which_o they_o pretend_v the_o change_n be_v make_v do_v over_o and_o over_o again_o call_v it_o bread_n as_o you_o may_v read_v 1_o cor._n xi_o 26_o 27_o etc._n etc._n 6._o when_o he_o say_v do_v this_o in_o remembrance_n of_o i_o it_o imply_v a_o absence_n for_o we_o can_v no_o more_o be_v say_v to_o remember_v that_o which_o be_v present_a than_o to_o see_v that_o which_o be_v absent_a 7._o when_o it_o be_v say_v this_o cup_n be_v the_o new-testament_n in_o my_o blood_n which_o be_v shed_v for_o you_o and_o for_o many_o for_o the_o remission_n of_o sin_n be_v these_o word_n to_o be_v understand_v literal_o too_o must_v we_o believe_v that_o by_o the_o pronounce_v of_o these_o word_n there_o be_v a_o substantial_a change_n make_v if_o so_o than_o it_o must_v not_o be_v of_o the_o wine_n but_o of_o the_o cup_n and_o that_o not_o into_o the_o blood_n of_o christ_n but_o into_o the_o new_a testament_n or_o new_a covenant_n in_o his_o blood_n which_o none_o of_o they_o as_o yet_o have_v be_v so_o bold_a as_o to_o affirm_v 8._o if_o we_o consider_v that_o our_o saviour_n celebrate_v this_o sacrament_n before_o his_o passion_n and_o say_v this_o be_v my_o body_n which_o be_v break_v and_o this_o be_v my_o blood_n which_o be_v shed_v it_o can_v be_v literal_o true_a of_o his_o natural_a humane_a body_n for_o that_o be_v then_o whole_a and_o unbroken_a and_o his_o blood_n be_v not_o then_o shed_v and_o indeed_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o the_o disciple_n shall_v understand_v these_o word_n literal_o because_o they_o not_o only_o plain_o see_v that_o what_o he_o give_v they_o be_v bread_n and_o wine_n but_o they_o see_v likewise_o as_o plain_o that_o it_o be_v not_o his_o body_n which_o be_v give_v but_o his_o body_n which_o give_v that_o which_o be_v give_v not_o his_o body_n break_v and_o blood_n shed_v because_o they_o see_v he_o alive_a at_o that_o very_a time_n and_o behold_v his_o body_n whole_a and_o unpierced_a have_v thus_o consider_v the_o word_n of_o institution_n and_o make_v some_o remark_n upon_o they_o let_v we_o now_o see_v how_o the_o vindicator_n argue_v therefrom_o his_o first_o remark_n be_v that_o the_o word_n of_o institution_n be_v speak_v in_o the_o present_a tense_n whence_o he_o thus_o argue_v that_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o then_o before_o the_o passion_n on_o the_o cross_n the_o body_n be_v give_v and_o break_v mystical_o and_o the_o chalice_n shed_v for_o the_o remission_n of_o sin_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v 1._o that_o if_o the_o vindicator_n have_v consult_v the_o romish_a bible_n or_o the_o mass_n he_o may_v there_o have_v find_v tradetur_fw-la instead_o of_o traditur_fw-la shall_v be_v give_v instead_o of_o be_v give_v and_o effundetur_fw-la instead_o of_o effunditur_fw-la shall_v be_v shed_v instead_o of_o be_v shed_v which_o word_n be_v likewise_o long_o ago_o use_v by_o origen_n and_o st._n chrysostom_n 22._o origen_n in_o matth._n tract_n 35._o chrysost_n in_o 1_o cor._n 11._o sa_o in_o verb._n matth._n cajetan_n in_o luc._n 22._o and_o the_o jesuit_n sa_o will_v have_v tell_v he_o in_o greek_a it_o be_v say_v which_o be_v shed_v the_o time_n present_a for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v and_o cardinal_n cajetan_n will_v have_v inform_v he_o even_o as_o the_o evangelist_n by_o the_o time_n present_v have_v express_v the_o future_a effusion_n of_o blood_n say_v be_v shed_v st._n paul_n likewise_o say_v be_v break_v signify_v by_o the_o present_a time_n the_o break_n of_o his_o body_n which_o be_v after_o to_o be_v do_v upon_o the_o cross_n 4._o barrad_n harmon_n evangeilst_n tom._n 4._o l._n 3._o c_o 4._o and_o barradius_fw-la the_o jesuit_n say_v the_o lord_n use_v the_o time_n present_v instead_o of_o the_o future_a time_n which_o then_o approach_v for_o the_o word_n ought_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o his_o future_a passion_n which_o then_o draw_v near_o in_o this_o sense_n this_o be_v my_o body_n which_o shall_v short_o be_v give_v for_o you_o to_o suffer_v and_o to_o die_v so_o that_o though_o the_o word_n be_v real_o speak_v in_o the_o present_a tense_n yet_o do_v not_o that_o hinder_v either_o the_o primitive_a father_n their_o own_o translator_n of_o the_o bible_n the_o compiler_n of_o their_o mass_n or_o their_o own_o eminent_a doctor_n from_o understand_v they_o of_o the_o time_n to_o come_v nor_o be_v it_o to_o be_v wonder_v at_o for_o they_o well_o know_v that_o it_o be_v our_o saviour_n way_n and_o manner_n of_o speak_v as_o for_o instance_n before_o any_o of_o the_o jew_n be_v come_v to_o lay_v hand_n on_o he_o he_o say_v behold_v the_o son_n of_o man_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v betray_v or_o give_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o sinner_n matth._n xxvi_o 45._o therefore_o do_v my_o father_n love_v i_o because_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i_o lay_v down_o my_o life_n that_o i_o may_v take_v it_o again_o john_n x._o 17._o and_o in_o another_o place_n i_o be_o no_o more_o in_o the_o world_n john_n xvij_o 11._o and_o st._n paul_n in_o conformity_n to_o his_o master_n way_n and_o manner_n of_o speak_v say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i_o be_o already_o offer_v up_o 2_o tim._n four_o 6._o all_o which_o consider_v it_o will_v not_o appear_v to_o be_v so_o very_o certain_a as_o this_o gentleman_n think_v it_o be_v that_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n be_v give_v and_o break_v before_o his_o passion_n on_o the_o cross_n but_o two_o he_o seem_v to_o qualify_v the_o rigour_n of_o his_o assertion_n by_o tell_v we_o that_o all_o this_o be_v do_v mystical_o to_o which_o i_o answer_v that_o if_o by_o mystical_o he_o mean_v sacramental_o i._n e._n that_o our_o bless_a saviour_n by_o what_o he_o do_v at_o his_o last_o supper_n intend_v to_o signify_v to_o his_o disciple_n what_o he_o be_v about_o to_o do_v and_o suffer_v for_o they_o and_o the_o rest_n of_o mankind_n the_o day_n follow_v we_o shall_v not_o differ_v with_o he_o about_o it_o but_o if_o by_o mystical_o he_o mean_v real_o though_o invisible_o as_o undoubted_o he_o do_v we_o can_v agree_v with_o he_o for_o in_o a_o true_a proper_a and_o propitiatory_a sacrifice_n as_o the_o article_n which_o he_o here_o undertake_v to_o defend_v call_v it_o the_o thing_n offer_v aught_o to_o be_v visible_a and_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o destruction_n of_o it_o in_o the_o sacrifice_n none_o of_o all_o which_o appear_v to_o be_v in_o this_o action_n of_o our_o bless_a saviour_n but_o he_o proceed_v which_o say_v he_o be_v do_v in_o a_o unbloody_a manner_n and_o offer_v to_o god_n we_o call_v it_o a_o unbloody_a sacrifice_n and_o it_o be_v for_o the_o remission_n of_o sin_n it_o be_v likewise_o propitiatory_a to_o this_o i_o answer_v 1._o the_o vindicator_n here_o take_v that_o for_o grant_v which_o we_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n allow_v he_o viz._n that_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n be_v give_v and_o break_v mystical_o and_o the_o chalice_n shed_v for_o the_o remission_n of_o sin_n before_o his_o passion_n on_o the_o cross_n and_o why_o we_o can_v admit_v of_o this_o i_o have_v give_v you_o a_o account_v already_o 2._o he_o contradict_v himself_o for_o he_o tell_v we_o this_o be_v do_v in_o a_o unbloody_a manner_n and_o yet_o he_o have_v before_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o chalice_n be_v shed_v by_o which_o i_o suppose_v he_o mean_v if_o he_o have_v any_o meaning_n in_o it_o the_o blood_n in_o the_o chalice_n now_o if_o christ_n blood_n be_v shed_v how_o can_v it_o be_v do_v in_o a_o unbloody_a manner_n or_o how_o can_v it_o be_v call_v a_o unbloody_a sacrifice_n 3._o he_o tell_v we_o it_o be_v offer_v to_o god_n but_o how_o do_v that_o appear_v that_o our_o saviour_n in_o his_o last_o supper_n do_v indeed_o offer_v bread_n and_o wine_n to_o his_o disciple_n be_v very_o plain_a and_o evident_a but_o that_o he_o offer_v either_o they_o or_o any_o thing_n else_o to_o god_n the_o word_n of_o institution_n give_v we_o no_o account_n 4._o that_o it_o be_v for_o remission_n of_o sin_n it_o be_v likewise_o propitiatory_a and_o here_o he_o be_v under_o a_o great_a mistake_n for_o every_o thing_n that_o be_v for_o remission_n of_o sin_n be_v not_o a_o propitiatory_a sacrifice_n the_o baptism_n of_o john_n and_o his_o preach_v be_v for_o the_o remission_n
they_o be_v make_v righteous_a when_o they_o be_v justify_v but_o as_o the_o apostle_n say_v they_o be_v justify_v free_o by_o his_o grace_n rom._n iij._n and_o to_o explain_v himself_o a_o little_a after_o he_o add_v that_o grace_n will_v not_o be_v grace_n if_o it_o be_v not_o give_v free_o but_o render_v as_o a_o due_a debt_n in_o the_o same_o epistle_n i_o find_v also_o these_o word_n it_o be_v not_o therefore_o in_o vain_a that_o we_o sing_v unto_o god_n his_o mercy_n shall_v prevent_v i_o and_o his_o mercy_n shall_v follow_v i_o whence_o life_n eternal_a itself_o which_o in_o the_o end_n shall_v be_v enjoy_v without_o end_n and_o therefore_o be_v render_v to_o precedent_a merit_n yet_o because_o those_o merit_n to_o which_o it_o be_v give_v be_v not_o prepare_v by_o any_o ability_n of_o we_o but_o be_v wrought_v in_o we_o by_o grace_n even_o life_n eternal_a itself_o be_v call_v grace_n for_o no_o other_o reason_n but_o because_o it_o be_v give_v free_o not_o therefore_o because_o it_o be_v not_o give_v to_o merit_n but_o because_o those_o very_a merit_n to_o which_o it_o be_v give_v be_v themselves_o a_o gift_n these_o word_n be_v a_o inference_n from_o what_o go_v before_o where_o st._n austin_n argue_v against_o merit_n either_o before_o to_o obtain_v grace_n or_o after_o to_o deserve_v a_o reward_n these_o be_v his_o word_n what_o be_v the_o merit_n of_o man_n before_o grace_n by_o which_o he_o may_v deserve_o obtain_v grace_n when_o as_o all_o our_o merit_n be_v from_o grace_n and_o when_o he_o crown_v our_o merit_n he_o crown_v nothing_o else_o but_o his_o own_o gift_n and_o from_o hence_o he_o infer_v in_o the_o word_n before_o cite_v whence_o i_o observe_v 1._o that_o all_o that_o be_v good_a in_o we_o here_o be_v owe_v to_o divine_a mercy_n prevent_v we_o 2._o that_o all_o the_o good_a we_o can_v expect_v hereafter_o must_v be_v from_o the_o same_o divine_a mercy_n follow_v we_o 3._o that_o life_n eternal_a which_o be_v the_o great_a reward_n of_o virtue_n and_o goodness_n be_v call_v grace_n 4._o that_o though_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v give_v to_o merit_n it_o be_v not_o say_v to_o be_v give_v for_o the_o sake_n of_o those_o merit_n 5._o that_o those_o merit_n to_o which_o it_o be_v give_v be_v themselves_o the_o gift_n of_o god_n and_o therefore_o not_o merit_n in_o the_o strict_a sense_n of_o the_o word_n it_o be_v not_o righteousness_n but_o pride_n in_o the_o name_n of_o righteousness_n that_o expect_v eternal_a life_n as_o a_o reward_n due_a to_o its_o deserve_n these_o be_v st._n augustine_n own_o word_n in_o the_o next_o page_n which_o direct_o contradict_v this_o definition_n of_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n viz._n that_o a_o man_n justify_v true_o deserve_v life_n everlasting_a by_o his_o good_a work_n and_o now_o if_o the_o vindicator_n can_v make_v any_o advantage_n of_o these_o word_n of_o st._n austin_n either_o to_o himself_o or_o to_o his_o cause_n i_o shall_v not_o envy_v he_o iv_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o council_n have_v define_v that_o by_o work_n a_o man_n be_v justify_v and_o not_o by_o faith_n only_o and_o to_o prove_v this_o he_o allege_v jam._n ij_o 24._o where_o it_o be_v say_v you_o see_v then_o how_o that_o a_o man_n be_v justify_v by_o work_n and_o not_o by_o faith_n only_o this_o place_n of_o scripture_n have_v be_v so_o often_o urge_v and_o all_o the_o argument_n raise_v therefrom_o so_o often_o and_o so_o miserable_o baffle_v that_o i_o wonder_v with_o what_o confidence_n this_o gentleman_n can_v bring_v it_o upon_o the_o stage_n again_o they_o have_v be_v often_o tell_v that_o st._n james_n here_o do_v not_o speak_v of_o justification_n before_o god_n but_o before_o men._n that_o as_o faith_n only_o though_o that_o faith_n be_v not_o alone_o justify_v we_o before_o god_n so_o good_a work_n do_v justify_v the_o truth_n of_o that_o faith_n and_o evidence_n the_o reality_n of_o our_o justification_n thereby_o unto_o men._n which_o interpretation_n be_v well_o warrant_v by_o st._n paul_n when_o he_o say_v if_o abraham_n be_v justify_v by_o work_n then_o have_v he_o whereof_o to_o glory_v but_o not_o before_o god_n rom._n four_o 2._o i_o likewise_o profess_v that_o in_o the_o mass_n be_v offer_v a_o true_a proper_a and_o propitiatory_a sacrifice_n for_o the_o live_n and_o the_o dead_a to_o persuade_v we_o to_o a_o compliance_n herewith_o the_o vindicator_n advance_v both_o scripture_n and_o antiquity_n two_o great_a argument_n if_o well_o manage_v which_o whether_o they_o be_v or_o no_o i_o shall_v now_o examine_v 1._o he_o begin_v with_o scripture_n and_o by_o way_n of_o preface_n thereunto_o tell_v we_o that_o our_o bless_a saviour_n be_v a_o priest_n according_a to_o the_o order_n of_o melchisedeck_v do_v at_o his_o last_o supper_n offer_v his_o body_n and_o blood_n after_o a_o unbloody_a manner_n for_o the_o remission_n of_o sin_n this_o be_v unhappy_o to_o stumble_v at_o the_o threshold_n for_o 1._o how_o his_o consequent_a come_v to_o be_v tack_v to_o his_o antecedent_n be_v pass_v my_o capacity_n to_o understand_v our_o bless_a saviour_n be_v make_v a_o priest_n for_o ever_o after_o the_o order_n of_o melchisedeck_v therefore_o at_o his_o last_o supper_n he_o do_v offer_v his_o body_n and_o blood_n after_o a_o unbloody_a manner_n for_o the_o remission_n of_o sin_n what_o logic_n there_o be_v in_o this_o i_o be_o yet_o to_o learn._n 2._o if_o he_o do_v offer_v himself_o at_o his_o last_o supper_n to_o who_o do_v he_o do_v it_o for_o we_o do_v not_o find_v that_o he_o do_v address_v himself_o or_o offer_v any_o thing_n to_o any_o but_o only_o to_o his_o disciple_n and_o sure_o he_o will_v not_o say_v that_o he_o offer_v himself_o as_o a_o sacrifice_n unto_o they_o 3._o if_o he_o do_v offer_v his_o body_n and_o blood_n than_o be_v it_o not_o a_o unbloody_a sacrifice_n as_o they_o say_v it_o be_v 4._o if_o it_o be_v a_o unbloody_a sacrifice_n than_o can_v it_o not_o be_v propitiatory_a for_o without_o shed_v of_o blood_n there_o be_v no_o remission_n of_o sin_n heb._n ix_o 22._o but_o the_o vindicator_n have_v good_a scripture_n for_o all_o this_o viz._n luke_n xxij_o 19_o 1_o cor._n xi_o 24._o matth._n xxvi_o 28._o in_o all_o which_o place_n the_o word_n of_o institution_n be_v recite_v with_o some_o variation_n st._n matthew_n say_v this_o be_v my_o body_n vers_fw-la 26._o st._n luke_n add_v which_o be_v give_v for_o you_o and_o st._n paul_n say_v which_o be_v break_v for_o you_o his_o whole_a argument_n there_o depend_v upon_o the_o word_n of_o institution_n before_o therefore_o i_o meddle_v with_o his_o reason_n therefrom_o it_o will_v be_v convenient_a to_o consider_v and_o explain_v they_o and_o 1._o our_o saviour_n say_v this_o be_v not_o this_o be_v transubstantiate_a or_o wonderful_o convert_v into_o another_o substance_n viz_o the_o substance_n of_o my_o body_n 2._o if_o when_o he_o say_v this_o be_v he_o mean_v transubstantiation_n than_o his_o body_n must_v be_v transubstantiate_a before_o he_o speak_v and_o if_o so_o than_o the_o conversion_n do_v not_o depend_v upon_o the_o word_n as_o they_o affirm_v for_o this_o be_v imply_v a_o thing_n already_o do_v 3._o when_o he_o say_v this_o be_v my_o body_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o his_o true_a natural_a humane_a body_n be_v there_o with_o they_o take_v the_o bread_n break_v it_o give_v it_o eat_v it_o now_o if_o that_o which_o he_o take_v break_v give_v and_o eat_v be_v then_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n either_o he_o must_v have_v two_o body_n there_o at_o that_o time_n or_o else_o the_o same_o body_n be_v by_o the_o same_o body_n take_v break_a give_v and_o eat_v and_o yet_o all_o the_o while_n neither_o take_v break_a give_v nor_o eat_v 4._o when_o he_o say_v this_o be_v my_o body_n which_o be_v give_v for_o you_o as_o st._n luke_n or_o which_o be_v break_v for_o you_o as_o st._n paul_n if_o it_o be_v understand_v literal_o then_o must_v it_o be_v either_o his_o natural_a or_o his_o glorify_a body_n if_o they_o say_v the_o former_a than_o we_o urge_v they_o again_o with_o the_o precede_a observation_n the_o latter_a they_o will_v not_o dare_v to_o say_v because_o his_o body_n be_v not_o then_o glorify_v 5._o if_o these_o word_n be_v to_o be_v literal_o and_o strict_o to_o be_v understand_v than_o the_o substance_n of_o bread_n must_v be_v christ_n body_n at_o that_o time_n for_o what_o can_v any_o man_n live_v understand_v by_o this_o but_o only_o this_o bread_n for_o what_o he_o take_v he_o bless_v what_o he_o bless_v he_o break_v what_o he_o break_v he_o give_v to_o his_o disciple_n what_o he_o give_v to_o they_o he_o bid_v they_o take_v and_o eat_v and_o what_o he_o bid_v they_o take_v and_o eat_v of_o that_o he_o
hearty_o desire_v that_o he_o may_v do_v it_o 3._o greg._n naz._n in_o epist_n ad_fw-la caesareenses_fw-la chrysost_n ad_fw-la pop_n antiochenum_fw-la hom._n 3._o and_o do_v it_o diligent_o and_o that_o this_o holy_a father_n mean_v no_o more_o than_o this_o may_v plain_o appear_v from_o what_o he_o say_v of_o the_o church_n of_o caesarea_n it_o be_v say_v he_o in_o a_o manner_n the_o mother_n of_o all_o church_n and_o the_o whole_a christian_a commonwealth_n so_o embrace_v and_o behold_v it_o as_o the_o circle_n embrace_v and_o behold_v the_o centre_n thus_o jerusalem_n be_v frequent_o style_v the_o mother_n of_o all_o church_n and_o st._n chrysostome_n call_v antioch_n the_o head_n of_o the_o world._n now_o as_o these_o church_n be_v call_v mother_n church_n because_o the_o city_n in_o which_o they_o be_v plant_v be_v the_o mother_n city_n of_o those_o province_n so_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o church_n of_o rome_n be_v oftentimes_o call_v the_o chief_a the_o principal_a and_o the_o mother_n church_n because_o that_o city_n be_v the_o metropolis_n or_o head-city_n of_o the_o west_n and_o as_o the_o bishop_n of_o those_o church_n may_v be_v and_o oftentimes_o be_v call_v the_o chief_a ruler_n and_o governor_n of_o the_o church_n so_o likewise_o and_o no_o otherwise_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n be_v sometime_o style_v the_o head_n i_o e._n the_o chief_a governor_n of_o the_o church_n and_o that_o by_o the_o whole_a church_n here_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v no_o more_o but_o only_o the_o whole_a church_n of_o that_o province_n polydor._n virgil_n explain_v those_o word_n of_o st._n cyprian_n the_o chair_n of_o peter_n 4._o polydor._fw-la virgil._n de_fw-fr inventor_n rerum_fw-la l_o 4._o the_o principal_a church_n from_o which_o the_o unity_n of_o the_o priesthood_n first_o begin_v thus_o write_v lest_o any_o man_n hereby_o deceive_v himself_o it_o can_v in_o any_o other_o wise_a be_v say_v that_o the_o order_n of_o priesthood_n grow_v first_o from_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n unless_o we_o understand_v it_o only_o within_o italy_n for_o it_o be_v clear_a and_o out_o of_o question_n that_o priesthood_n be_v orderly_o appoint_v at_o jerusalem_n long_o before_o peter_n ever_o come_v to_o rome_n to_o this_o i_o may_v add_v that_o every_o bishop_n may_v be_v call_v the_o bishop_n of_o the_o universal_a church_n because_o it_o be_v his_o duty_n to_o take_v care_v not_o only_o of_o his_o own_o flock_n but_o of_o the_o whole_a church_n of_o god._n as_o also_o that_o this_o title_n head_n of_o the_o church_n have_v be_v give_v to_o several_a godly_a bishop_n who_o be_v never_o bishop_n of_o rome_n nor_o ever_o dream_v that_o any_o supremacy_n of_o power_n over_o all_o other_o church_n be_v thereby_o confer_v either_o upon_o he_o or_o they_o but_o i_o be_o not_o willing_a to_o enter_v far_o into_o the_o controversy_n than_o the_o vindicator_n lead_v i_o and_o to_o this_o evidence_n of_o he_o i_o think_v enough_o have_v be_v say_v to_o show_v that_o it_o will_v not_o much_o avail_v he_o his_o next_o witness_n be_v st._n chrysostome_n l._n 2._o de_fw-fr sacerd._n c._n 1._o for_o what_o reason_n do_v christ_n shed_v his_o blood_n certain_o to_o purchase_v those_o sheep_n the_o care_n of_o which_o he_o commit_v to_o peter_n and_o his_o successor_n the_o whole_a force_n of_o his_o argument_n if_o he_o can_v frame_v any_o out_o of_o these_o word_n must_v be_v that_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n be_v the_o true_a successor_n to_o st._n peter_n which_o if_o we_o shall_v grant_v he_o i_o do_v not_o see_v how_o it_o will_v thence_o follow_v that_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n be_v the_o supreme_a pastor_n head_n and_o governor_n of_o the_o catholic_n church_n for_o if_o st._n peter_n himself_o be_v not_o so_o he_o can_v have_v it_o by_o succession_n from_o he_o 38._o de_fw-fr unitate_fw-la eccles_n edit_fw-la oxon_n p._n 107._o greg._n l._n 4._o ep._n 38._o now_o st._n cyprian_n say_v the_o apostle_n be_v the_o same_o that_o st._n peter_n be_v be_v join_v in_o the_o same_o fellowship_n of_o honour_n and_o power_n and_o their_o own_o pope_n gregory_n say_v peter_n the_o apostle_n be_v not_o the_o head_n but_o the_o chief_a member_n of_o the_o holy_a universal_a church_n paul_n andrew_n and_o john_n what_o be_v they_o else_o but_o the_o head_n of_o several_a nation_n yet_o notwithstanding_o under_o one_o head_n viz._n christ_n they_o be_v all_o member_n of_o the_o church_n and_o to_o speak_v in_o short_a the_o saint_n before_o the_o law_n the_o saint_n under_o the_o law_n the_o saint_n in_o the_o time_n of_o grace_n all_o accomplish_v the_o lord_n body_n be_v place_v among_o the_o member_n of_o the_o church_n and_o there_o be_v never_o any_o one_o yet_o that_o will_v have_v himself_o call_v the_o universal_a bishop_n so_o that_o as_o paul_n andrew_n and_o john_n be_v head_n of_o the_o church_n in_o like_a manner_n and_o no_o otherwise_o be_v st._n peter_n head_n of_o the_o church_n if_o therefore_o st._n peter_n be_v than_o they_o be_v all_o so_o too_o for_o they_o be_v all_o equal_a and_o what_o a_o confusion_n that_o will_v be_v let_v the_o vindicator_n judge_n to_o this_o may_v be_v add_v that_o if_o st._n peter_n be_v real_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o apostle_n and_o head_n of_o the_o church_n constitute_v by_o christ_n st._n paul_n certain_o be_v very_o much_o to_o blame_v 2._o gal._n two_o 2._o to_o withstand_v he_o to_o the_o face_n as_o he_o do_v and_o it_o must_v be_v a_o very_a great_a arrogance_n and_o presumption_n in_o he_o to_o say_v that_o in_o nothing_o he_o be_v behind_o the_o very_o chief_a apostle_n 7._o 2_o cor._n xij_o 11._o gal._n ij_o 7._o or_o to_o share_v jurisdiction_n with_o he_o say_v that_o the_o gospel_n of_o the_o uncircumcision_n be_v commit_v unto_o he_o as_o the_o gospel_n of_o the_o circumcision_n be_v unto_o peter_n but_o st._n chrysostome_n two_o chrysost_n in_o epist_n ad_fw-la galat._n c._n two_o who_o authority_n he_o so_o much_o depend_v upon_o will_v tell_v he_o that_o paul_n have_v no_o need_n of_o peter_n be_v help_v nor_o do_v he_o want_v his_o voice_n but_o be_v equal_a unto_o he_o in_o honour_n beside_o all_o this_o one_o may_v be_v say_v to_o succeed_v another_o either_o because_o he_o possess_v the_o same_o place_n that_o he_o do_v or_o because_o he_o teach_v the_o same_o doctrine_n and_o with_o the_o same_o diligence_n that_o he_o do_v now_o the_o former_a of_o these_o will_v not_o be_v enough_o to_o make_v any_o one_o the_o true_a successor_n of_o st._n peter_n 9_o alphons_n contra_fw-la haeres_fw-la l._n 1._o c._n 9_o for_o as_o their_o own_o alphonsus_n de_fw-fr castro_n say_v though_o it_o be_v matter_n of_o faith_n to_o believe_v the_o true_a successor_n of_o st._n peter_n be_v the_o supreme_a pastor_n of_o the_o whole_a church_n yet_o be_v we_o not_o bind_v by_o the_o same_o faith_n to_o believe_v that_o leo_n or_o clement_n though_o bishop_n of_o rome_n be_v the_o true_a successor_n of_o st._n peter_n and_o yet_o this_o be_v the_o succession_n they_o so_o much_o boast_v of_o and_o if_o this_o be_v it_o multi_fw-la dist_n 40._o multi_fw-la the_o same_z st._n chrysostom_n will_v inform_v he_o that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o chair_n that_o make_v the_o bishop_n but_o it_o be_v the_o bishop_n that_o make_v the_o chair_n neither_o be_v it_o the_o place_n that_o hallow_v the_o man_n but_o it_o be_v the_o man_n that_o hallow_v the_o place_n facile_fw-la dist_n 40._o non_fw-fr est_fw-fr facile_fw-la and_o st._n i_o will_v tell_v he_o they_o be_v not_o always_o the_o child_n of_o holy_a man_n that_o sit_v in_o the_o room_n of_o holy_a men._n nor_o do_v these_o holy_a father_n speak_v without_o book_n for_o the_o scribe_n and_o pharisee_n sit_v in_o moses_n chair_n matth._n twenty-three_o 2._o and_o the_o abomination_n of_o desolation_n shall_v stand_v in_o the_o holy_a place_n matth._n xxiv_o 15._o and_o the_o man_n of_o sin_n as_o god_n shall_v sit_v in_o the_o temple_n of_o god_n 2_o thes_n ij_o 3_o 4._o as_o the_o first_o of_o these_o do_v succeed_v moses_n in_o place_n but_o not_o in_o doctrine_n so_o the_o two_o other_o shall_v succeed_v christ_n and_o his_o apostle_n and_o thus_o pope_n liberius_n though_o a_o arian_n heretic_n and_o pope_n coelestinus_n though_o a_o nestorian_a and_o pope_n honorius_n though_o a_o monothelite_n may_v be_v say_v to_o succeed_v st._n peter_n in_o place_n though_o not_o in_o doctrine_n but_o will_v the_o vindicator_n say_v or_o can_v he_o imagine_v that_o st._n chrysostom_n mean_v that_o christ_n shed_v his_o blood_n to_o purchase_v a_o church_n and_o when_o he_o have_v do_v commit_v the_o care_n of_o it_o to_o such_o successor_n of_o st._n peter_n as_o these_o be_v his_o next_o be_v st._n jerome_n epist_n 57_o and_o 58._o
ad_fw-la damasum_fw-la who_o word_n be_v thus_o render_v by_o he_o consocior_fw-la ego_fw-la nullum_fw-la primum_fw-la nisi_fw-la christum_fw-la sequens_fw-la beatitudini_fw-la tuus_fw-la i._n e._n cathedrae_fw-la petri_n communione_fw-la consocior_fw-la i_o follow_v no_o other_o leader_n but_o christ_n be_o in_o communion_n with_o your_o holiness_n i._n e._n with_o the_o chair_n of_o peter_n etc._n etc._n and_o i_o cry_v aloud_o whoever_o be_v in_o communion_n with_o the_o chair_n of_o peter_n be_v i_o which_o may_v better_a be_v translate_v thus_o i_o follow_v no_o first_o man_n but_o only_o christ_n be_o join_v as_o a_o fellow_n in_o communion_n unto_o thy_o blessedness_n i._n e._n to_o peter_n be_v chair_n whence_o we_o may_v observe_v 1._o that_o st._n jerome_n do_v not_o acknowledge_v any_o first_o head_n or_o chief_a in_o the_o church_n no_o not_o the_o pope_n himself_o but_o only_o christ_n 2._o that_o he_o do_v not_o submit_v himself_o as_o a_o vassal_n or_o subject_n to_o the_o pope_n but_o do_v consociate_v himself_o in_o communion_n with_o he_o 3._o that_o it_o be_v not_o only_o with_o he_o but_o with_o st._n peter_n chair_n and_o what_o he_o mean_v by_o st._n peter_n chair_n he_o afterward_o explain_v when_o he_o come_v to_o give_v a_o reason_n of_o this_o his_o address_n where_o he_o tell_v we_o the_o fox_n destroy_v the_o vineyard_n of_o christ_n so_o that_o among_o these_o break_a cistern_n that_o have_v no_o water_n it_o be_v hard_o to_o understand_v where_o that_o seal_a fountain_n and_o enclose_a garden_n be_v therefore_o he_o think_v it_o good_a to_o consult_v st._n peter_n chair_n and_o that_o faith_n which_o be_v commend_v by_o the_o apostle_n mouth_n so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o st._n peter_n successor_n in_o place_n but_o in_o doctrine_n that_o he_o apply_v himself_o unto_o now_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o the_o age_n in_o which_o st._n i_o live_v do_v mighty_o abound_v with_o heretic_n we_o can_v think_v it_o strange_a that_o he_o shall_v forsake_v the_o company_n of_o those_o wicked_a man_n and_o join_v himself_o in_o communion_n with_o those_o who_o then_o hold_v that_o faith_n entire_a which_o they_o impugn_a but_o if_o you_o ask_v i_o why_o shall_v he_o rather_o address_v himself_o to_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n than_o any_o other_o the_o answer_n be_v ready_a he_o have_v receive_v his_o christianity_n at_o rome_n hieron_n in_o vita_fw-la hieron_n he_o have_v be_v educate_v there_o from_o his_o youth_n he_o be_v a_o priest_n of_o rome_n and_o have_v sometime_o be_v secretary_n to_o this_o very_a damasus_n all_o which_o consider_v it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o he_o have_v a_o particular_a kindness_n for_o that_o see._n now_o what_o be_v all_o this_o to_o that_o universal_a power_n which_o the_o pope_n at_o this_o day_n claim_v to_o have_v over_o the_o whole_a church_n of_o god_n shall_v the_o vindicator_n follow_v st._n jerome_n example_n and_o and_o in_o his_o address_n call_v the_o pope_n his_o fellow_n i_o doubt_v it_o will_v not_o be_v very_o welcome_a and_o that_o st._n i_o mean_v no_o more_o than_o be_v here_o explain_v will_v plain_o appear_v if_o we_o consider_v what_o account_n he_o make_v at_o other_o time_n of_o st._n peter_n chair_n when_o he_o find_v abuse_n and_o error_n maintain_v in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n then_o he_o cry_v out_o si_fw-mi authoritas_fw-la quaeritur_fw-la etc._n etc._n evagrium_fw-la hieron_n in_o epist_n ad_fw-la evagrium_fw-la if_o we_o seek_v for_o authority_n that_o of_o the_o world_n be_v great_a than_o that_o of_o the_o city_n viz._n rome_n wherever_o there_o be_v a_o bishop_n whether_o it_o be_v at_o rome_n or_o at_o tanais_n or_o at_o engubium_n he_o be_v of_o equal_a merit_n and_o equal_a priesthood_n the_o power_n of_o riches_n and_o the_o humility_n of_o poverty_n can_v make_v a_o bishop_n either_o high_a or_o low_o all_o bishop_n be_v the_o successor_n of_o the_o apostle_n his_o next_o evidence_n be_v st._n aug._n epist_n 92._o ad_fw-la innocentium_n papam_fw-la who_o word_n be_v not_o well_o translate_v by_o he_o the_o word_n of_o the_o epistle_n be_v these_o in_o the_o great_a danger_n of_o the_o infirm_a member_n of_o christ_n we_o beseech_v you_o to_o use_v your_o pastoral_n diligence_n for_o there_o be_v a_o new_a heresy_n and_o too_o pernicious_a a_o tempest_n raise_v by_o the_o enemy_n of_o the_o grace_n of_o christ_n who_o by_o their_o wicked_a disputation_n endeavour_v to_o take_v from_o we_o the_o lord_n prayer_n and_o then_o give_v he_o a_o account_n what_o that_o heresy_n and_o tempest_n be_v he_o at_o last_o conclude_v but_o we_o hope_v the_o mercy_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n assist_v who_o deign_v to_o govern_v thou_o consult_v he_o and_o to_o hear_v thou_o pray_v to_o he_o those_o who_o think_v so_o perverse_o and_o pernicious_o will_v yield_v to_o the_o authority_n of_o your_o holiness_n draw_v from_o the_o authority_n of_o holy_a scripture_n that_o so_o we_o may_v rather_o rejoice_v in_o their_o correction_n than_o sorrow_n for_o their_o destruction_n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n hereof_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v that_o this_o epistle_n be_v send_v to_o pope_n innocent_a not_o by_o st._n austin_n alone_o but_o by_o the_o milevitan_a council_n in_o which_o he_o preside_v and_o in_o which_o the_o pelagian_a heresy_n have_v be_v consider_v and_o censure_v as_o it_o have_v be_v before_o in_o the_o council_n of_o carthage_n and_o the_o design_n of_o their_o writing_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o whole_a tenor_n of_o the_o epistle_n be_v not_o to_o beg_v his_o confirmation_n of_o what_o they_o have_v do_v but_o to_o acquaint_v he_o with_o what_o they_o have_v do_v and_o to_o desire_v he_o to_o take_v the_o same_o pastoral_a care_n and_o use_v the_o same_o diligence_n to_o discountenance_v that_o heresy_n in_o his_o province_n as_o they_o have_v do_v in_o they_o innocent_n epist_n 95._o ad_fw-la innocent_n for_o st._n austin_n in_o another_o epistle_n tell_v he_o we_o have_v hear_v that_o there_o be_v some_o even_o in_o rome_n itself_o where_o pelagius_n long_o live_v who_o for_o divers_a cause_n be_v favourable_a to_o he_o some_o there_o be_v who_o report_n that_o you_o persuade_v they_o so_o to_o be_v but_o more_o who_o believe_v that_o he_o be_v clear_v from_o that_o heresy_n by_o the_o eastern_a bishop_n and_o therefore_o they_o expect_v that_o he_o shall_v not_o only_o clear_v himself_o of_o that_o suspicion_n but_o also_o undeceive_v his_o people_n as_o to_o the_o transaction_n in_o this_o matter_n in_o the_o east_n this_o be_v the_o design_n of_o this_o epistle_n as_o indeed_o it_o be_v of_o all_o those_o communicatory_a letter_n which_o in_o those_o day_n be_v so_o frequent_a when_o any_o matter_n of_o great_a importance_n happen_v in_o the_o church_n which_o be_v thing_n of_o great_a use_n and_o no_o small_a advantage_n then_o for_o thereby_o catholic_n communion_n be_v preserve_v warning_n be_v give_v of_o any_o approach_a danger_n and_o the_o bishop_n and_o pastor_n of_o the_o church_n awaken_v to_o provide_v against_o it_o nor_o be_v these_o epistle_n send_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n only_o but_o to_o other_o bishop_n also_o to_o this_o purpose_n we_o meet_v with_o another_o epistle_n to_o hilarius_n bishop_n of_o poitiers_n in_o france_n 94._o epist_n 94._o write_v in_o the_o same_o stile_n and_o to_o who_o he_o make_v his_o address_n in_o word_n to_o the_o same_o effect_n as_o he_o do_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n for_o thus_o he_o direct_v it_o to_o hilarius_n our_o most_o bless_a lord_n and_o reverend_a brother_n and_o fellow-bishop_n in_o the_o truth_n of_o christ_n in_o this_o epistle_n he_o tell_v he_o that_o a_o new_a heresy_n a_o enemy_n to_o the_o grace_n of_o christ_n be_v endeavour_v to_o be_v set_v up_o and_o have_v give_v he_o a_o account_n what_o it_o be_v he_o desire_v he_o to_o use_v his_o pastoral_a care_n and_o diligence_n to_o suppress_v it_o but_o that_o st._n austin_n and_o the_o father_n in_o the_o numidian_a council_n never_o dream_v of_o any_o power_n or_o authority_n either_o in_o he_o or_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n or_o any_o other_o bishop_n over_o they_o and_o all_o other_o church_n we_o need_v no_o other_o evidence_n than_o the_o act_n of_o this_o very_a council_n in_o which_o we_o find_v this_o decree_n make_v 22._o council_n milevitan_n can._n 22._o if_o they_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o appeal_v from_o their_o bishop_n let_v they_o not_o appeal_v but_o only_o to_o the_o council_n of_o africa_n or_o to_o the_o primate_fw-la of_o their_o own_o province_n but_o if_o they_o shall_v make_v their_o appeal_n beyond_o the_o sea_n i._n e._n to_o rome_n let_v no_o man_n in_o africa_n receive_v they_o into_o communion_n 92._o council_n carthag_n 6._o can._n 92._o the_o same_o be_v also_o decree_v in_o the_o african_a council_n and_o