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A00908 A defence of the Catholyke cause contayning a treatise in confutation of sundry vntruthes and slanders, published by the heretykes, as wel in infamous lybels as otherwyse, against all english Catholyks in general, & some in particular, not only concerning matter of state, but also matter of religion: by occasion whereof diuers poynts of the Catholyke faith now in controuersy, are debated and discussed. VVritten by T.F. With an apology, or defence, of his innocency in a fayned conspiracy against her Maiesties person, for the which one Edward Squyre was wrongfully condemned and executed in Nouember ... 1598. wherewith the author and other Catholykes were also falsly charged. Written by him the yeare folowing, and not published vntil now, for the reasons declared in the preface of this treatyse. Fitzherbert, Thomas, 1552-1640. 1602 (1602) STC 11016; ESTC S102241 183,394 262

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Leo the great sayth amongst the most blessed Apostles there was in similitudine honoris discretio quaedam potestatis a certayne distinction or difference of power in the lykenes or equalitie of honour although the election of them all was a lyke yet it was graunted to one vt caeteris praemineret that is to say that he should haue autoritie ouer the rest whereof he yeildeth a reason in an other place to the end sayth he that from him he meaneth S. Peter as from a certayne head our Lord might power his giftes vpon the whole body and that whosoeuer should be so bold as to depart from the solidity of Peter he might vnderstand him selfe to be no way partaker of the deuine mistery vpon these reasons I say vpon the warrant of our sauiours owne woords the most learned fathers of the Church both Greekes and Latins do acknowledge the same to be buylt vpon S. Peter consequētly teach him to be head of the Churche as of the Greekes Origen S. Athanasius S. Epiphanius S. Basil surnamed the great S. Gregorius Nazianzen S. Cirillus S. Chrisostome Psellus alledged by Theodoretus and Theophilactus and of the Latins S. Ambrose S. Augustin Maximus S. Leo the great S. Hilary and to omit dyuers others the great general councel of Chalcedon held by 630. Fathers Latins and Greekes aboue 1100. yeres agoe in which councel S. Peter is cauled Petra crepido Ecclesiae the rock toppe of the Churche Yet I think no man can be so simple as to ymagin that these Fathers affirming the Church to be buylt vpon S. Peter denied our sauiour Christ to be the first principal foundation therof of whome the blessed Apostle worthely sayth that no man can lay any other foundation then that which is layed already Iesus Christ which place our aduersaries are wont to obiect against this our Catholyk doctrin whereas they may learne not only in the Fathers but also in the scriptures themselues that there are dyuers foundations of the Churche though some be more principal then other our sauiour Christ the first and cheefe ground-work of the whole buylding as also in a Kingdome or common welth there are diuers heads though subordinate one to an other all subiect to one head all which may be called foundations in the polityke buylding because the same leaneth and resteth vpon them and is sustayned by them though not by all alyke or in equal degree To this purpose wee read in the Apocalipse that the walles of the citty that is to say the Church are sayd to haue twelue foundations in them the names of the 12. Apostles of the lambe and agayne in saynt Paule to the Ephesians you are sayth he Citizens of saynts domesticals of God buylt vpon the foūdations of the Apostles and Prophets Therfore S. Augustyn sayth that our sauiour may as wel be cauled fundamentum fundamentorum the foundatiō of foundations a Pastor Pastorū Sanstus Sanctorū the shepherd of sheperds or holly of hollies the reason wherof S. Basil geueth notably for the explication of this matter Though Peter sayth he be a rock yet he is not a rock as Christ is for Christ is the true vnmouable rock of himselfe Peter is vnmouable by Christ the rock for Iesus doth communicat imparte his dignityes not depriuing himselfe of them but retaining them himselfe yet bestowing them vpon others he is the light yet he sayth you are the light he is the Priest yet he maketh Priests he is the rock and made a rock thus far saynt Basil. The same teacheth S. Leo very elegantly explicating the words of our sauiour Tu es Petrus and speaking in our sauiours person thus Thow art Peter that is to say although I am the inuiolable rock the corner stone which vniteth both syds of the buylding the foundation besyds the which no mā can lay any other yet thow art also a rock because thow art consolidat hardened by my strength to the end that those things which ar proper vnto me by my owne power may be to the cōmon with mee by participation Hereby it appeareth that although our sauiour Christ be the cheefe and principal foundation that is to say the head of his churche yet by buylding the same vpon S. Peter he made him also the foundation or head therof next after himselfe and as there are dyuers other heads vnder S. Peter who in respect of theyr subiects may be truly cauled are heads and yet in respect of S. Peter are subiects euen so S. Peter in respect of all the whole church may properly be cauled and truly is the head therof though he be subordinat subiect to Christ as all the rest are both to Christ and him and therfore S. Leo in the place aforesayd sayth that there ar in the people of God many priests and many Pastors all whome Peter doth properly gouerne though Christ do principally gouerne therin Thus much for the first proofe wherein I haue ben more large then I determined and therefore I wil be breefer in the other two The second place wherevpon I ground the supremacy of S. Peter is the words of our sauiour following the former in S. Mathew videlicet I wil geeue thee the keyes of the kingdome of heauen and whatsoeuer thou shalt bynd vpon earth it shal be bound also in heauen and whatsoeuer thou shalt loose vpon earth it shal be loosed also in heauen By the keyes is signified preheminent power and authority wherevpon grew the commō custume of deliuering to princes the keyes of townes and fortresses when the people therin yeild and submit themselues to their absolute wil power and in the scriptures the woord clauis that is to say a key is often vsed in the same sence as in the Apocalipse to signify the preheminent authority of our sauiour it is sayd of him habet clauens Dauid he hath the key of Dauid and the Prophet Isayas speaking of the supreme ecclesiastical power of a high Priest in the old law I wil geue sayth he the key of Dauid vpon his shoulder and therfore although some of the doctors say sometymes that all the Apostles receiued the keyes hauing respect to some effects thereof yet it is manifest that they receiued not the same in such ample manner and with such prerogatiue as S. Peter to which purpose it is to be noted that albeit our sauiour gaue to all his Apostles authority to remit and retayne sinnes yet he made no mention of geuing the keyes to any but to S. Peter in which respect Optatus Mileuitanus sayth solus Petrus claues accepit only Peter receiued the keyes and Origen vpon the same words of our sauiour doth note that because it behoued that P. Seter should haue aliquid maius some what more then the other Apostles therfore Christ sayd vnto him I