that are capable of the same grace are not alwaies capable of the signe thereof If so alta pax esto We say so too for infants being capable of the same grace which is exhibited and received in the Lords supper are not alwaies that is while they are children capable of the same signe because they cannot examin themselves nor shew forth the Lords death and women nâ—t only under the Law but now also have and ever will have for ought you can say thâ— same incapacity of circumcision what makes this to conclude childrens incapacity of baptism this is to argue à genere ad genus though women had not a capacity of that signe they have a capacity of baptism infants had then a right to that whereof they had a capacity let them have so still and the controversie is ended You further say The gift of the holy Ghost was ordinarily given by imposition of hands and that after baptism By this it appears that your foregoing argument was fallacious you intending the extraordinary gifts of the holy Ghost which we pretend not to and what is this dispute to us now or to the present question seeing they are long since ceased But beware your lying too near a wind and mentioning crisme or confirmation and sanctifying the holy Apostles displease not your clyents and you be taken for an aâ—bodexter But you say After all this lest these arguments should not ascertain their cause they fall on complaing against God c. Tell true and shame the devil where to whom when which of all the reformed Churches ever did so We clearly affirm that God is ever and alike to be believed whether by signes or by words which signifie his will we say not that Goâ—â—id more for the children of the Iews but that your peevishness denying children baptism would have it seem so Do we then complain against God when we complain of the Anabaptists abridging children of that which God hath allowed them How vain and malitious is this calumny of yours But you say He made a covenant of spiritual promises on his part and â—piritual and reall services on ours What are these real services and whose if of children what can they as such perform but you say this pertains 〈…〉 when they are capable but made with them assoon as they are alive that is in the mothers womb what this this covenant so the words seem to import nay but undeniably Gods covenan and spiritual promises on his part presently belong to them who shall be saved for many of them presently die or mean you by this spiritual and real services on our part belong to children when they are capable Surely then they cannot have this covenant made with them as soon as they are born otherwise then by baptism because for the present they can perform nothing real If you mean spiritual and real services of parents in relation to their covenanted infants as such they cannot yet teach them they can only present them to the Church that the publick seal of Gods covenant being set to them they may according to their true interest in her external communion be thereby marked and known for parts and members of the sameâ— and this indeed pertaineth to children when they are capable that is as soon as they are born That which you infer to shew a disparity between Christian infants and the Iews babes is frivolous for thoug there appear some shew of difference in circumstance as the particular promise of the inheritance of Canaan c. yet for substance there is none there being as real a promise of blessings to Christians and their children in every kind for godliness hath the promise of this life and that which is to come and the present seal of faith marketh them for Gods peculiar people the effect whereof being wrought and perfected by the spirit of Iesus in their regeneration the woâ—â— is done in them and no otherwise was it in the Iews children for he is not a Iew which is one outwardly neither is that circumcision which is outward in the flesh but circumcision is that of the heart in the spirit Rom. 2. 2â— 29. Col 2. 11. 12. and the Iewish children were no otherwise sealed then into the same faith of Iesus nor otherwise saved then by faith in him neither less saved then we and our childâ—en This say you is the greatest vanity in the world What vanity you say to affirm that unless this mercy be consigned by baptism as good not at all in respect of us because we want the comfort of it This is the vanity well let it be so and let them own it that will I known not whom you mean I am sure there appears vanity enough in your following assertion and reason offered for proof Shall not say you this promise this word of God be of sufficient truth certainty and efficacy to cause comfort unless we tempt God and require a signe of him Yes Gods promise is of sufficient truth and certaine efficacy thereto therefore we baptize our children and it had been sufficient on Gods part and it must have been on ours had he not seen good further to confirm us by a seal set to his promise or had he not required more of us as our duty and a condition and seal of his covenant with us our children for as Augustine saith how much available even without the visible Sacrament of baptisme is that which the Apostle saith Rom. 10. 10. with the heart man believeth unto righteousnesse and with the mouth Confession is made unto salvation was declared in the penitent thiefe but then it is invisibly fulfilled when not any contempt of religion but a point or moment of necessity excludeth or preventeth baptisme for it might have seem'd much more superfluous in Cornelius and his friends to be baptized who had already received the gift of the holy Ghost then in the thiefe yet they were baptized and in that act the Apostolicall authority is extant as also the necessity of obeying God in his ordinance now how childish and perverse is that cavill unlesse we tempt God and require a signe of him Do you account obedience to God and his holy ordinances to be a tempting of God is bringing children to Christ which he commandeth and that by baptisme which you confesse is the ordinary inlet into the kingdome of heaven to require a signe of him or is it to receive a signe of him by his own appointment and what certainity of comfort could we concieve if on the contrary we should wilfully disobey neglect and contemn Gods ordinance as your clients do were it not rather to tempt God if as much as in us lies we should shut up the doore and inlet into his kingdome against infants man can do no more to shut them out then by denying them baptisme 't is true that God can and often doth save them without our ministry as when death
so they agree 1 In the end Rom. 4. 11. Tit. 3. 5. 2 In signification Col. 2. 11 12. Deut. 30. 6. Ier. 4. 4. Rom. 2. 29. Mark 1. 4. Rom. 6. 3. 3 In the effect In circumstance they differ as hath been formerly shewed Though Christ took little children into his arms and blessed them yet he baptized them not therefore though we may pray for our Infants yet we may not baptize them We answer 1 If you speak of Christs baptizing personally he baptized none Ioh. 4. 2. but it followeth not that therefore none ought to be baptized 2 It cannot appear that Christ commanded not some of his Disciples to baptize those Infants neither that ever he commanded them not to baptize Infants 3 If it could appear that these Infants were not now baptized there might be some obstruction and let which we know not as possibly their parents were not yet baptized c. 4 These children were not brought to Christ that he should baptize them but that he should touch them and that he did for he layed his hands upon them and blessed them and his blessing them was as effectual to their salvation as if he had christned them for Christs grace dependeth not upon the vertue of the Sacrament but contrarily the vertue of the Sacrament upon his grace and blessing And that which Christ did to them is more then the ministrie of all the men in the world could or can do in baptizing or blessing them for Christs blessing maketh men truly and really blessed See what hath been said Reply num 14. â—ine Infants circumcised were inserted into the Covenant and Church priviledges by an express command but we have no such express command for baptizing Infants therefore we may not on that ground baptize them To that which hath been said we further add for answer because they were expressly commanded to put the seal of the same righteousness of faith on Infants therefore neither that faith nor the object thereof being changed in the change of the seal there needed not a particular or express command concerning the subject or persons to be sealed seeing the commission was so much enlarged as the whole World and the Nations thereof were greater then the land of Canaan and Abrahams carnal children therein planted Add hereto that which hath been noted those whom Christ sent to baptise were sealed in their infancie and daily used to Infant-sealing so that they needed no express command or other Information concerning Infants then that which they had sufficiently learned in Christs blessing Infants blessing and embracing them as it were with special affection to them and in that they could not be ignorant that baptism succeeded circumcision in all the substance thereof and that the same cause still remaineth for Infants reception of the seal to wit Baptism for the remission of sins Christ appointed the Sacraments for a remembrance of his death and blood-shedding for our redemption But Infants who have no acts of understanding cannot remember Therefore they ought not to be baptized We answer This Argument would conclude that Infants as such may not receive the Lords Supper because they cannot do it in remembrance of Christ nor shew his death thereby therefore we do not administer it unto them But Baptism is the Laver of Regeneration which they have present need of and whereof they are passively capable because their Parents are within the Covenant which is to them and their children and the Seal thereof is a part and condition of the same to their children as well as to themselves Neither was the Covenant on Abrahams part fulfilled any more then to halves before he had sealed his children and by proportion neither do we fulfil our Covenant with God in Baptism if we refuse to baptize our Infants who have as indefeasible a right to the same as we the same promise for the main being to us and our children Acts 2. 39. In the Old Testament it was not lawful to offer sheep or goats so soon as they were cast but at a certain age and maturity of their perfection This figured Infants not presently to be offered to God or Sealed We answer 1. By the same Argument if it were good neither ought the Jews to have circumcised their Infants on the eighth day 2. Allegorical Arguments when they are well applyed illustrate rather then prove And if you will plead thus tell us why every first-born of man or beast so soon as it came into the world that is every male was sacred to the Lord and the first-born of the unclean beast was to be redeemed or destroyed and why seek ye further omitting the type of Circumcision Christ saith He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved Mark 16. 16. without believing there is no salvation nor saving effect of Baptism But Infants cannot believe Therefore their Baptism is effectless and vain We answer 1. That wholly concerns those who are of years who when the Church was to be collected and setled were first and generally such persons as were first to be instructed in the faith of Christ and then to be baptized it concerned not Infants 2. That which immediately follows But he that believeth not shall be damned manifesteth that it concerned not Infants who though they cannot actually believe yet shall not all be damned though dying Infants 3. If those words were to be presidential to all Churches and times as a rule what persons we are to baptize and what not that is that we ought to baptize none but such and so qualified as are there described then it would follow that you must baptize none but those who appear to have a justifying faith for such there Christ speaks of and only such relating to their salvation And how few have this and how can you who baptize discern this Secondly They must be such as can cast out Devils speak unstudied Languages take up Serpents and if they drink any deadly thing it shall not hurt them such as can cure the sick For Christ there thus marked out Believers of those times 4. He saith not He that believeth not shall not be baptized for that indeed might have concerned Infants Baptism But he saith He that believeth not shall be damned which cannot concern Infants except you will say they have faith and so you must grant them a capacity of Baptism or pretend that they all are damned who dye in Infancy which is a damnable fancy Lastly We must distinguish between an interest in and the effects of Baptism Many thousands born within the Covenant have therefore a just interest in the Covenant of Grace and the Seal thereof who neither believing nor obeying have no effects thereof nor grace of the Covenant So some put on Christ only sacramentally and others to sanctification and salvation also It is absurd and to no purpose to baptize any unto
to baptize their Infants but contrarywise he therefore gave them commission to baptize the Infants of such For the Parents being taught and sealed entituled their children to the Seal of the same Promise and Covenant of God which is joyntly to sealed Parents and their Children Gen. 17. 7. and so Christ commanded them to teach those who were capable of doctrine and only to baptize them who were capable of Baptism only as Infants 2. Christ not repeating there an exact copy of his commission formerly given them at sundry times and on sundry occasions for there he mentioneth not any particular heads of doctrine or discipline nor so much as the Eucharist but to those things relateth in general verse 20. Teaching them to observe all things whatsoever I have commanded you whereof he nameth the two first and and most usual things Teaching and Baptizing for the making of Disciciples and gathering a Church of all Nations So that he nameth not here the matter or subject of baptism in particular but saith in general Baptizing them c. Teaching them to observe all c. Now although children cannot be first taught before they are baptized as such as their Parents might and ought to be yet might they be first baptized and in due time taught as Christ commanded And it is here to be noted That children of sealed Parents were called Disciples and so accounted in both Testaments See Acts 15. 10. Iohn 9. 28. We are Moses Disciples said the Jews Now the only thing which entred them into the School of Moses or denominated them Moses Disciples was their Circumcision in their infancy which obliged them coming to years to the observation of the whole Law Gal. 5. 3. delivered by Moses So Baptism of Infants doth not anticipate profession of Christianity but oblige unto it in due time and therefore is Baptism a sign that the baptised professeth himself a Disciple of Christ who appointed it as a mark and cognizance of his Disciples Baptism makes Infants Disciples in the first form of his School into which they are thereby entred though not actually for the present taught because they are not yet capable of Doctrine Yet so is fulfilled in Infants-Baptism that same 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Christs commission Mat. 28. 19. Make Disciples baptizing them c. and children of Believers are counted Disciples Acts 15. 10. Why tempt ye God to put a yoke upon the neck of the DISCIPLES What yoke Why Circumcision as appears Verse 1. Now those upon whom the false Teachers would have laid this yoke are called by the Apostle DISCIPLES and that yoke of Circumcision was put upon children most commonly in respect of whom the Proselytes were very few And there is no great doubt but that those false Masters who would have grown Disciples circumcised as much at least urged that their children should be circumcised therefore Infants were accounted Disciples And I see not but that Christ spake of Infants Matth. 10. 42. as well as others Whosoever shall give to drink unto one of these little ones in the name of a DISCIPLE that is as is interpreted Mark 9. 41. because ye belong to Christ as do baptized Infants and so Matth. 18. 5. Whoso shall receive one such little child in my name receiveth me that is a childe which is a Christian Nor do the following words v. 6. Whoso shall offend one of these little ones which as our common translation hath it believe in me conclude that he spake there only of such as were little in their own eyes that is humble as 1 Sam. 15. 17. though of years or of such children as were of years to believe for the words may as wel be translated One of these little ones of those that believe in me or of believers in me that is any infant of a Believer or Chrstian 3. Christ Matth 28. 19 20. spake concerning the plantation of Christian Faith and Conversion of nations in which work preaching must go before Baptism So was it in the beginning and so must we do now if we were sent to convert Turks Pagans or Iews but where the Gospel is planted and believing Parents are received into the Church by baptism their children are first to be baptized and afterwards taught so soon as they are able to learn So that the cited place can conclude no more then that administration of baptism began first on the Parents that received the word and were made disciples by baptism and so it descended to their children So was it in circumcision 4 Children are to be taught when they are capable concludeth nothing against their present baptizing of which they are passively capable one affirmative excludeth not another thereto subordinate nor do affirmative precepts which bind alwayes bind to all and every particular time as negatives do teaching them therefore concludeth not a present teaching the baptized but a duty of teaching them as they became capable of being taught 5 The particle 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 relateth to 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in general and indefinitely though it agree not Grammatically with it for Christ saith 〈◊〉 baptize some or only those who are taught in deed such a determination of the subject would have excluded Infants as such from baptism but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 baptizing them that is men women and children of believers and baptized Parents of all Nations it is not now as when Religion was as it were shut up in Iudea now the stop of the partition wall is broken down now Christ will have all Nations come and be sealed into the Covenant of his free grace and mercie and this Enallagie or change of Gender is often found in Scripture as Rev. 2. 26 27. Rev. 19. 15. Act. 15. 17. Act. 26. 17. Act. 21. 25. Eph. 2. 11. So here he saith collectively teach or disciple 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and distributively 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 baptizing them one by one of what Nation soever they are So Mat. 25. 32. before him shall be gathered 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 all Nations and he shall separate them one from another some on the right hand and some on the left but all by particulars must be distributed without exception of any person age or condition otherwise it might seem that some Nations should be gathered to judgment and not some others which cannot be because God is impartially just If the children of Israel had only a ceremonial holiness then the pretence from circumcision to baptism of Infants is invalid but the children of Israel had only a ceremonial holiness ergo c. The minor being denyed was thus attempted to be proved If the Covenant Gen. 17. 7. c. was only for the land of Canaan then the Israelites had only a ceremonial holiness but the Covenant Gen. 17. 7. c. was only for the land of Canaan ergo c. We answer 1 If by ceremonial you mean federal holiness as appertaining by Gods
his act whereby he not onely made his own person guilty but also corrupted his nature so are they by regeneration saved in Christ God mercifully imputing his merits to them for their justification so that as they were condemnable for that they did not in their own persons commit so shall they be saved by that which Christ not they did freely without the works of the Law but of what consequence is solemnity Would you have our fall in Adam and repair in Christ run literally parallell even to circumstances But what manner of arguing this were we have often said How many ridiculous consequences would you thence inferre concerning a man a woman and a Serpent and no more in the Scene a garden a fruit c. But remembring that we are speaking of sacred things we resolve that a Sacrament which is instituted of God to this end that it may be a solemn receiving into the Church and a severing or sign of distinguishing the whole Church all her parts from all other Sects ought to be ministred solemnly that others may take notice of the same and that it may be the stricter bond to the baptized when they come to years to hold them into faith obedience renunciation of the world impious desires and carnall affections into which condition they were solemnly and before many witnesses admitted by baptism And it is you say too narrow a conception of God Almighty because he hath tied us to the observation of the Ceremonies of his own institution that therefore he hath tied himself to it We never had that conceit you mistake the matter we say not that God is tied to his own Ordinances as if he could no otherwise save any but that we are tied to Gods Ordinances because they are the revealed will of God which man is bound to obey And though God be the most free Agent and not tied yet it doth not hence follow that baptism is not the ordinary means of regeneration to which we are tied God hath not in your sense tied himself to the baptism of persons in years as may appear in the penitent thief who unbaptized was saved Luke 23. 43. It is so in his other ordinances It pleased God by the foolishness of preaching to save them that believe 1 Cor. 1. 21. Therefore ordinarily faith is by hearing the word Rom 10. 17. yet God hath not so absolutely tied it to preaching but that he could at his pleasure convert Saul breathing threatnings Acts 9. Neither is he tied to the Eucharist would you conclude hence that men and women of years are not tied to be baptized hear the word or receive the Lords Supper because God and his free grace are not tied to these externall and ordinary means If not what meaneth that your medium Go â— hath not tied himself and what can it more conclude against Infants baptism then against the baptism hearing receiving the Eucharist by persons of years Yet we affirm that when God made the promise to Abraham being willing more abundantly to shew to the heirs of promise the immutability of his councell confirmed it by an oath that by two immutable things in which it was impossible for God tâ— lie we might have a strong consolation c. Heb. 6. 17 18. In which sense God hath bound himselfe to make good to us all that which the Seals of his Covenant by himself appointed hold forth unto us But you add Many thousand ways there are by which God can bring any reasonable soul to himself We answer The admitting of the one is not always the excluding of all other and we question not Gods power herein but his will here is an Ignoratio elenchi What think you of the validity of that Argument which is from Gods power to his will He can open the eys of the blind and convert the hearts of temporizers and professed enemies of his Church and Truth I would I were assured that he would now do so But you say nothing is more unreasonable then because â—e hath tied all men of years and discretion to this way therefore we of our own heads shal carry infants to him that way without his direction Here is again a fallacious arguing You take the thing in question for your medium The question is Whether baptism of Infants be a divine or humane institution upon which dependeth wholly whether we ought or ought not to baptize Infants Now you would prove that we ought not to carry infants to Christ by baptism because he appointed or directed us not so to do but as you say we do it of our own heads Nay but confining sacramentall administrations 〈…〉 or other circumstance by Christ never limited or enjoyned is will-worship and mans invention This your conceit is so poor and low that a puny Sophister would be ashamed of it Onely this you say that God hath as great a care of Infants as of others c. Here is another argument as feeble as the fore-going What because God hath as great a care of them as of others therefore we must have no care of them in the application of the ordinary means so hath he a care for their bodily preservation and â—ustenance doth that prove that we ought not to feed or cloath them God reâ—â—â—ctively careth for all the Creatures he giveth to the beast his food Psal. 147. 9. Were it good Georgicks to say Trouble not your self to fodder your cattle or loose them from their stall that they may drink Who knoweth not that God hath appointed ordinary means although he can do it without such means and though he say not that he will not otherwise preserve them but leave them to the dictates of common reason to conclude God you say will by his own immediate mercy bring them thither where he hath intended them but to say that therefore he will do it by an externall act and ministery is no good Argument c. Prove that one Assertion That God will by his own immediate mercy save Infants and have no means used thereto and you have the Cause but Christ hath appointed baptism for the ordinary means to bring people into his visible Church that they may be saved that he doth otherwise that is by an immediate act of mercy save some to whom his all-disposing providence hath not given time or means as in Infants dying before they were or could be baptized this varieth not the Rule for our question is not concerning them and to say that therfore he will do it by an external act because he will save them or bring them thither wâ—â—ther he hath intended them by his own immediate mercy is no good Argument you may lay your life on 't Immediatly signifieth without means so that Immediately by means is a contradiction in the adject this were to my sense so farre from a good argument that I should doubt whether such a Disputant were awake or not Immediatly by an external
to be baptized your reasoning would appear unreasonable both Propositions being false or fallacious The Major because baptism is but the external seal of admission into the visible Church into which elect and reprobates may enter as it were into the outward Court of the Temple And if saâ—ing faith finally doing the baptized good or which is the same if the inward baptism by the holy Ghost were the rule by which the baptizing Minister must proceed what man were sufficient for that Office The examples of Simon Magus Iudas Demas c. shew enough that the most discerning men may be deceived in others fair profession and who can foresee the final estates of men and women baptized I cannot reasonably think that you take all those for elect whom your selves baptize or that your baptism shall doe them all good And if you dispute 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 concerning one and the same faith in several degrees that is if you mean the seeds or habit of faith that Minor is false for elect infants have the seeds of faith in baptism though they be not formed in them yet by the secret working of the spirit the seeds thereof for a time lying hidden in them shall flourish and shew their growth in them in newness of life If you mean it of actual faith that want of that condition 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 discovereth the Paralogism And we say infants want of actual faith in present infancy thereof incapable concludeth nothing against their having of it in mature age and so as little against their baptism I cannot conclude so well as in Augustins words But some may say the things do some men no good what must the Medicine therefore be neglected because some mens pestilence is incurable So that if baptism be necessary then so is faith and much more for want of faith damneth absolutely I demand then Do infants believe Why do ye deny them baptism or because they have not faith do you conclude them all damned who die in their infancy That were a damnable assertion and to pay you with your own coyn Against the perpetual analogie of Christs Doctrine who commanded infants to be brought unto him bless them and positively affirmed that Of such is the Kingdom of heaven Further I say If your Proposition be universal it is notoriously false for all want of faith doth not absolutely damn For 1. They who pray for faith or the increases thereof as the Disciples did want faith yet were they not damned he that hungereth and thirsteth for the righteousness of faith wanteth the same for hunger and thirst are of emptiness yet Christ pronounceth such blessed 2. He that now believeth not may hereafter believe It was Pauls case had you seen him persecute the faith and faithfull in ignorance and unbelief would you presently have devoted him to absolute damnation Judg not that you be not judged I know no man living that wanteth not faith and I pray the good Lord to help my unbelief and exhort you otherwise to express your fancies that they prove not snares to weak and afflicted consciences Then you say it is sottish to say the same incapacity of reason and faith shall not excuse from the actual susception of baptism c. A very acute and witty assertion indeed but we answer 1. By this principle you might have been as blasphemous against Gods Ordinance in circumcision had you lived under the Law 2. We say not but that infants by their incapacity are excused from actual susception of baptism for they cannot act thereto But parents are not excusable if they contemn or neglect their parts in sealing those that are joynt heirs of the Promises and Covenant of God with them and their children because they have a capacity to promote and effect it and this appeareth in the History of Moses Exod. 4. 24 25. We very well know that infants cannot come and desire the Seals their present incapacity excuseth them from that they cannot possibly do but their parents or friends can intreat it for them and present them to it so that infants have a passive capacity they cannot profess faith and repentance but their parents professing of the same interesseth them in all those external Church-priviledges whereof they are capable and so to be born in the Church is to them and for them instead and in place of their profession What your terms of reasonably and humanely received do mean if to any purpose want interpretation The conclusion you say is that baptism is also to be deferred till the time of faith Why might you not say the same also concerning circumcision It is certain that by the same you may conclude that many thousand persons of age must never be baptized because they never come to believe as for their profession no man can say whether it be hypocritical or not Since faith is necessary to the susception of baptism c. True in adultis what is this to our present question concerning infants We have often said that this your arguing a dicto secundum quid ad dictum simpliciter is fallacious and not passable among young Sophisters and we owe no other answer then denying the consequence Our contest is about Infant-baptism wherein we say a present actual faith is not required It is necessary or at least the profession thereof in those who present to or adâ—inister baptism we cannot say so of infants to whom God doth not yet give the use of reason therefore they cannot first believe and after receive the Seal as Abraham did But therefore they are to be baptized that they may attain faith and salvation So the word preached profiteth not if it be not mixed with faith in them that hear yet is the preaching thereof an effectual means whereby God will work faith in the hearers To conclude Baptism profiteth not without faith yet is it an effectual means whereby God worketh regeneration and salvation therefore none within his Covenant are to be barred from it It is not improbably conjectured by some that therefore the Disciples forbad them to bring children to Christ because they thought children have not faith nor can any teach them who are 〈…〉 capable of doctrine Possibly they did not yâ—t understand the abolition of the old Seal for the introduction of the new nor how baptism was to succeed circumcision that was sometime after disputed and determined Acts 1â— â— 2. but Christ was much displeased with it rebuked them and seriously protested that of such is the kingdom of heaven Whatever can be said to take off from the necessity of actual faith all that and much more you say may be said to excuse from the actual susception of baptism True in adultis but most â—alse in inâ—ants I â—m weary of telling you of your fallacious arguing à dicto secundum quid ad dictum simplicitèr Again if here by actual susception of baptism you mean that infants
blind see the Sun what can you gain hereby it may be and certainly is that the Gospels light is hid to some the Apostle will tell you to whom and why 2 Cor. 4. 3 4. It is hid to them that are lost in whom the God of this world hath blinded the minds of them which believe not lest the light of the glorious Gospel of Christ should shine unto them we undertake not to make the truth evident to every gain-sayer and despiser thereof but say of such an one as Elisha for his servant at the beleaguered Dothan 2 King 6. 17. Lord I pray thee open his eyes that he may see The most manifest light of the Gospel had not evidence enough with the Pharisees whom Christ pronounced blind and it concerned them chiefly which he said they have winked with their eyes c. an unbeliever may doubt of any truth and then it is not evident to him The old Academicks were wont to question the testimonie and evidence of their own senses with a quid si falleris being not confident of the truth of that they saw with their eyes and heard with their ears Carneades doubted of all things yet certainly many things were evident of themselves to those who could and would see and know manifest truths though not to him 4. They who deny convincing evidence in Gods Word not only erre not knowing the Scriptures but tacitely accuse the Wisdom and Providence of God for mans salvation of insufficiencie for how shall matters of controversie concerning faith and manners he decided without sufficient evidence and if you think there is not sufficient evidence in Scripture to keep us from errour and to direct us in the way of truth and salvation in what other rule or testimonie will you place such evidence as you would have what in Traditions and unwritten verities where shall we seek these among our adversaries nay but no man can be edified by that which is destructive or in Enthusiasms and Revelations but what evidence can there be in those things whose authority cannot be proved and whose truth cannot be infallible nothing less then that which cannot be false can be the ground of faith and religion whatsoever falleth below that supreme certaintie is but opinion at most Now the Word of God only is infallible because he cannot lye Tit. 1. 2. and therefore his Word is profitable for doctrine for reproof for correction for instruction in righteousness that the man of God may be perfect throughly furnished unto all good works 2 Tim. 3. 16 17. 5 If it be rejoined that in our present question and some other cases the Scripture saith nothing expresly and positively to evidence the truth I answer I with Tertullian I am confident to say that the Scriptures themselves were so disposed by the will of God that they might administer matter to Hereticks seeing that I read there must be Heresies which could not be without Scriptures 2 That is Scripture truth which the Scripture proposeth or enjoineth by necessary consequence though not in express words and whosoever disbelieveth or disobeyethâ— that so far he rejecteth the Scripture in his errour and ignorance of Scripture So the Sadduces denyed the resurrection of the dead among other vain arguments so principally a non scripto because Moses whose writings only they received did not in terminis or express words and syllables say the dead shall rise again now though that is true Moses did not expresly say so yet our Saviour told them that therein they erred not knowing the Scriptures Mat. 22. 29. where he meaneth not express words of Scripture but necessary consequence for certainly they knew the express letter yet thought they had not evidence enough from Scripture because they found nothing there in terminis against their errour which Christ yet justly chargeth on them Ye do erre not knowing the Scriptures as touching the resurrection of the dead have you not read that which was spoken unto you by God saying I am the God of Abraham and the God of Isaac and the God of Iacob Well what express Scripture is here to prove the resurrection of the dead that Christ should charge those that denyed the same with errour and ignorance of Scriptures Truly no more then we find for Infant-baptism in appearance much less yet thus he who could not be deceived chargeth them because denying necessary consequence they required express words now the consequence was thus God is not the God of the dead but of the living therefore the dead shall rise again To the folding up of all I might repeat sundry things which as necessarily conclude our Infant-baptism as Infants circumcision into the same faith Gods Covenant with Abraham and his spiritual seed that is all Beleevers Christs honouring Infants with sacred embraces proposing them as heirs and patterns designed for the Kingdome of heaven the extent of Gods federal promise to us and our children childrens capacitie of the inward baptism signified in the external sign whole Families and Nations baptized of which children are and ever were a great part Christs absolute command to baptize all Nations without any tittle of exception to Infants Infants-federal and ecclesiastical holiness by their parents and their own right But that I would not be irksom to the prudent and pious Reader to whom I heartily wish a right understanding in all things constancie in the truth and unitie of the holy Spirit that we may all meet in Gods eternal kingdom of glory AMEN A SURVEY OF The Controverted Points CONCERNING INFANT-BAPTISM c. THE SECOND PART CHAP. I. Infants of Christian Parents ought to be baptized I Need not be long in describing this Sacrament only I say that Baptism is a Sacrament of the New Testament succeeding Circumcision the Seal of the Old appointed by Christ for our Inlet into his Church our implantation into Him and the similitude of his death and resurrection in which the water sanctified by the word representeth the blood of Christ sealeth and exhibiteth to the Elect all the benefits of his inestimable merits death passion and resurrection to our regeneration remission of sins and cleansing our bodies and souls from them all though not presently so that we have no sin yet so as that believing in Christ we have no guilt of original or actual sin imputed to us to condemnation for the water by the Ordinance of God touching the body the Spirit of Jesus baptizeth body and soul. Hence Baptism is said to save us 1 Pet. 3. 21. the end of Baptism is that being baptized we might be illuminated being illuminated we might be adopted sons of God being adopted we might be perfected that we may become immortally blessed In our being baptized in the Name of the Father the Son and the Holy Ghost we do as it were by a solemn Oath or Covenant declare and
protest that we are wholly devoted to one God in Trinity of Unitie and God on his part herein testifieth that by this Seal of his Covenant he receiveth us into the participation of his free mercies in Christ and into the holy communion of his Church the body of Christ 1 Ioh. 5. 7 8. The Protestant Church holdeth That the subject of Baptism are all they who either are or professing faith repentance c. desire to be admitted into the Church and Covenant of God and that Infants of Christian Parents being within the same ought to be baptized forasmuch as the Covenant and Promise of God is to Parents and their children The Pelagians and Donatists long since condemned of Heresie by the Church and now again of late the Anabaptists deny the baptism of children to be lawful until they come to years that they may be taught and profess their faith and repentance and desire of baptism upon these and the like grounds Christ saith Go therefore and teach all Nations baptizing them in the Name of the Father the Son and the Holy Ghost therefore Teaching must go before Baptism and consequently Infants may not be baptizd before they be taught Unto which we answer 1 That in the cited place there was not intended an exact and compleat model of Christs commission to the Apostles for there is no mention of the Lords Supper Christ only nameth the two more usual things for making or initiating disciples for the gathering of a Church that is teaching for them who were capable therof and baptizing for them and their children not yet capable of doctrine that having their names given unto Christ and being admitted into his school they might as they grew up to capacitie be instructed concerning the mysteries of salvation in Christ neither was this the first institution of baptism for when Christ spake these words he was about to ascend up into heaven he had some years before that time appointed baptism among the Iews converted to the faith and confirmed it by his own reception of baptism not that he needed it or had any sin to be washed away therein but to sanctifie the element of water by his sacred body to the use and end of baptism that is to appoint for us a laver of regeneration and in the cited place being to leave the world he enlarged the commission of baptism on the receivers part as if he had said Hitherto ye were not to go into the way of the Gentiles but to the lost sheep of the house of Israel but now go and call the Gentiles also go baptize and teach all Nations the mysteries of the Gospel as I have taught you now therefore the order and laws of Baptism are not hence to be derived 2. Christ then sent his Disciples to convert and baptize those Gentiles who possibly had not so much as heard of Christ much less of faith in him and baptism into his Church it was necessary therefore that the Apostles should first instruct them what they were to do in baptism and why but when the parents were baptized and instructed so that there were Churches setled among the Gentiles then their children were also to be baptized into the same Covenant of God which runneth to covenanted parents and their children which before their parents sealing and admission into Christs Church might not be so that as hath been often noted we must distinguish between a Church to be constituted and setled and a constituted or setled Church as also between persons of years and Infants presented to baptism In a Church to be constituted and converted from Iudaism or Pagâ—â—sm those that are of years must necessarily first be taught and afterward baptized but in a constituted or setled Church Infants are first to be baptized and then to be taught when they are able to learn no otherwise was it in circumcision which was the former Seal of the same Covenant and righteousness of Faith into which we are now under the Gospel baptized When Abraham according to Gods commandment came to circumcise the men of his family doubtless he first instructed them and preached to them the reason use and end of that sacrament according as the Lord said Gen. 18. 19. I know him that he will command his children and his houshold after him and they shall keep the way of the Lord but when Isaac was born he did not expect till he was come to years of discreetion to learn but circumcised him on the eighth day Gen. 21. 4. 3 In the cited place the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 signifieth also make Disciples which was to gather a Church both by preaching the Gospel and administration of Baptism the Sacrament of initiation and first entrance of Infants thereto So these two means are expressed in the very next words of Christ 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. that is Baptizing them in the Name of the Father Son and Holy Ghost teaching them to observe all that I have commanded Some do well observe that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is to teach them that are strangers to doctrine that they may become Disciples and so in any humane school also scholers are entered or admitted before they are therein taught but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 signifies to teach them that are Disciples So Mat. 27. 57. it is said of Ioseph of Arimathea 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 who also was Iesus Disciple And so the same word is expounded Ioh. 4. 1. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to make Disciples the Phariseesâ— heard that Iesus made and baptized more Disciples then Iohn And so the Hebrews from their word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 didicit assuevit derive their 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Talmid a Disciple or Scholar So that here appeareth no such necessitie of the order by our adversaries pretended to as can conclude that none may be baptized but such as are first taught 4 If the order of those words must determine the order of the actions then by the same reason repentance must be before faith for Mark 1. 15. it is said Repent ye and beleeve the Gospel So Rom. 10. 9. If thou shalt confess with thy mouth the Lord Iesus and shalt believe in thine heart c. thou shalt be saved Doth it follow therefore a man may make confession of Christ with his mouth to salvation before he believeth in him in his heart and indeed if the order of words may determine in what order we must act in this business then from other places of Scripture it may be concluded that Baptism must precede teaching as Mark. 1. 4. Iohn did baptize in the Wilderness and preach the baptism of repentance and Mat. 28. 19 20. when Christ had said baptizing them c. he presently inferreth teaching them to observe all things whatsoever I have commanded So Ioh. 3. 5. the water is named before the Spirit and Eph. 5. 26. the washing of water that is of baptism is named
which our present question is is one thing and the inward effect thereof another As it is also in the Word preached the Administration must be indifferently to all Mark 16. 15. whether stony thorny highway or good ground Gods Seeds-men must diligently sow the fruit and efficacy will be to Believers only Hebr. 4. 2. but that no meer man can foresee 2. What Illumination Infants have by the secret working and influence of Gods holy Spirit belongeth to Gods secret councel and therefore not to our inquest 3. Sanctification more then Ecclesiastical in order of time doth not always precede the Seal and Sacrament thereof as may be proved from Infant Circumcision but by the Sacrament which implanteth us into Christ and which is therefore the washing of Regeneration and Renovation the seeds of Faith Sanctity and good conscience are sowed in us which by a powerful and secret working of the Holy Ghost sheweth it self in due season without which work of the Spirit the Gospel most powerfully preached and Sacraments duly administred to the most knowing men and women could bring forth no better effects then a favour of death unto death and condemnation Seeing then the effect to Sanctification and Salvation is neither in the Minister nature of the Water and Washing therewith but in the Ordinance of God nor in the capacity or ability of the most prudent sons of men but in the sole working of Gods gracious Spirit why should any rest in opere operato the work it self done or deny it to any within the Church needing Regeneration that they may be saved Christ joyneth these two together Teach and Baptize and Believe Repent and be Baptized But Infants are not capable of Faith and Repentance Therefore they ought not as such to be Baptized We answer Here is an Ignoratio Elenchi in the mistake of the Question which is not Whether that teaching ought to be divided from Baptism which we affirm not but the contrary persons of years ought first to be taught to believe and repent and then to be baptized But our question is not concerning the Baptism of Adults or persons capable of these things for the present but of Infants here again the question is mistaken and therefore such disputes are fallacious It is true the water without the Word can make no Sacrament nor give any sacramental effect therefore neither young nor old may be baptized where the Gospel is not first preached and received For Baptism is a seal of the Gospel but believing Parents have been taught received the Gospel and been sealed into Gods Covenant therefore they ought to present their children to Baptism who are joynt Covenanters with them Again Baptism is administred with the words of institution by Christ appointed take away the Word and what is the Water but ordinary water The Word is added to the element and makes the Sacrament Whence is this so great vertue of the Water that it but toucheth the body and cleanseth the heart but by the Word not because it is spoken but because it is believed Moreover though God taught Abraham concerning the Sacrament of Circumcision and so he was circumcised and all his Males yet he circumcised Isaac at eight days old so long before that word of faith could be preached to Isaac he received the same Sacrament and Seal of the same Righteousness of faith in Christ in whom believing we also are saved Men of ripe years were first instructed concerning the institution end and use of Circumcision and then received the Seal but Infants as such not capable of instruction first received the Seal of Faith and if they lived to years then they were taught yet the Word and the Seal were not parted in either So is it in Infant-Baptism now Those Infants whom Christ blessed and of whom he pronounced Theirs or Of such is the Kingdom of heaven were such as were fit to be taught for so the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 also signifieth And Christ in the persons of children blesseth those that were such in humility and innocency not in age We answer 'T is true that in their persons Christ commended humility and innocency and also shewed their interest in the Kingdom of heaven saying Of such is the Kingdom of Heaven that is of such persons and of persons of such quality for he proposeth Infants for a patern Now as they are called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which sometimes signifieth a Son or Servant of years yet not always as common use of that word shews Matth. 2. 13 14 20. Luke 2. 21 c. so are the same called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Luke 18. 15. which without controversie properly signifieth Infants lately born as Luke 2. 12 16. Acts 7. 19. 1 Pet. 2. 2. new born babes and sometimes children in the womb as Luke 1. 41 44. that which is said 2 Tim. 3. 15. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 From a childe thou hast known the holy Scriptures is as much as the Greeks proverbially said 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and the Latines à teneris unguiculis from thy tender years that is so soon as it was possible for thee to learn so Psal. 58. 3. The wicked are estranged 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 from the womb they go astray 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ab utero as soon as they are born speaking lyes So Psal. 22. 9. Thou didst make me hope 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 when I was upon my mothers breasts that is very soon very yong The Syriac 2 Tim. 3. 15. translateth 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 from a childe from thy tender years so soon as it was possible for thee to learn by a word indifferently signifying Infancy Childhood or Youth but that Luke 18. 15. the same render by the word which signifieth Infants 1 Tim. 2. 15. Acts 7. 19. 1 Pet. 2. 2. and Mark 10. 16. it is said that Christ took them up in his arms put his hands upon them and blessed them which sheweth that they were little portable children had they been of mans growth though never so humble or innocent they would have been too heavy to have been carried in the arms Lastly there can be no rational doubt but that he blessed Infants properly so called who took on him Infancy to save them Nor may we think that they are less then blessed of Christ who are saved by his blood as Infants are That which God Commandeth not in some express precept concerning his worship is not any better then mans invention Will-worship and may not be done But Infant-Baptism is no where in Scripture commanded in any express Precept Therefore it is no better then mans invention Will-worship and may not be done We answer 1. By demanding quanta est major Propositio if it be universal the sense running thus All that is Will-worship which is not commanded in some express Precept it is evidently false For there is no express Precept for many things
them There appears neither act nor habit of regeneration in Infant-baptism until they be taught the Word neither any more promptitude to learn it then is in unbaptized children coming to years therefore their baptism is effectless and consequently unlawful We answer 1 The Kingdom of God cometh not with observation Luk. 17. 20. and the internal acts of the Spirit are secret for what man knoweth the things of a man save the spirit of a man which is within him 1 Cor. 2. 11. 2 If outward appearance be a good argument to the denying of internal acts and habits you might by the same medium as well conclude that Infants are not reasonable creatures Infants inspired by Gods Spirit may be said to be Believers as they are said truly to be rationals that is actuprimo non secundo and they confess and avouch the Lord in their Parents avouching of him as appeareth Deut. 26. 16 17 18. Deut. 29. 9 10 1â— 12 13 14 15. 3 It is not true that baptized Infants have no more promptitude to learn the mysteries of salvation when they come to years to be taught then other unbaptized children have caeteris paribus for the H. Ghost doth not desert his own ordinance in the Elect though for causes very just yea when most unknown to us it doth not alwayes alike shew its power as for the reprobate the seal or administration of man can nothing profit him who abuseth it and where God ever denyeth inward baptism by his holy Spirit of sanctification Reprobates who cannot be profited by baptism ought not to be baptized lest we add to their condemnation but of Infants some are such and we cannot say which of them offered to baptism is elect and which not therefore seeing we cannot distinguish them nor can they express themselves we ought not to baptize them untill they can We answer If the major proposition in this argument be universalis negans it is most false for Simon Magus and Iudas who were not profited by their baptism were yet rightly baptized If particular though granted it would conclude nothing against Infant-baptism for by the same reason they may deny baptism to persons of years for alas many of them are Reprobates Neither can any meer man distinguish between the one and the other seeing that whatever profession of faith and repentance men make 't is possible they may dissemble or fall away Now we in charitie hope the best where the contrary is not manifest and therefore deny them not baptism who doe but profess faith repentance and desire of baptism and if we can have as much charitie to innocent Infants we must also allow them baptism who being born of Christian parents are within Gods covenant of Grace And indeed the final estate of Infants or aged people being alike secret and known to God alone we must perform our ministrie respectively and leave the fruit and issue thereof to God so in preaching the Gospel the sincere Milk of the Word 1 Pet. 2. 2. we do often as it were draw out the brest like the mother of the living child 1 King 3. 20 21. to some dead in belief sins and trespasses laid in our bosome who know not who shall profit by it nor to whom it shall prove a favour of death unto death that must be left to God but we must instantly preach the Gospel When the Eunuch said to Philip Act. 8. 36 see here is water what doth let me to be baptized be answered If thou believest with all thy heart thou mayest therefore he that believeth not may not be baptized such are Infants We answer 1 It is manifest enough that Philip spake to a man who could hear and read and was then something instructed in the Gospel of Christ what doth this concern Infants 2 Infants have now as much capacitie of baptism as under the Law they had of circumcision both had faith as reason in the feed though not in the fruit and the sacrament of baptism now performeth the same to us which circumcision did to them as that was to them a sign of their receiving into the Church and people of God so is baptism to us the first mark which severeth and distinguisheth the people of God from the prophane and wicked aliens Faith ought not to be separated from the seal thereof therefore Infants who cannot actually beleeve ought not to be baptized until they can See what hath been said Obj. 12. to which we here add that this proposition is true concerning persons of years but concerneth not Infants in whom we cannot know Gods present work but in baptism the seed of faith regeneration mortification and newness of life is sowed in them and all know that precedence concludeth not separation Lastly we say that if faith and baptism must so indivisibly be united as that none may be baptized but they who do actually believe whom might our adversaries baptize or whom put by though of years If they say they profess faith there is much difference between professing and actual believing and I much fear that many will too late find as much distance between justifying faith and temptation of securitie as is between heaven and hell Such are to be baptized as confess their sins Mat. 3. 6. as gladly receive the Word Act. 2. 41. as give heed to the Word preached Act. 8. 6. but this Infants cannot do therefore they are not to be baptized We answer The affirmative may from such places be concluded Such ought to be baptized but the negative cannot therefore none but men so qualified may be baptized it no more followeth then if you should say Cornelius and those that were with him when Peter preached received the holy Ghost in the extraordinary gifts thereof therefore none but such as have received the extraordinary gifts of the holy Ghost may be baptized nay but though it wel concluded affirmatively for them that they were to be baptized it cannot conclude negatively against others that they may not be baptized who have not received such gifts If baptizing Infants be grounded on circumcision the males only must be baptized but that is not true for females also ought to be baptized We answer Here is a fallacia accidentis an arguing from the substance to the circumstance whereas baptism succeeded circumcision in substance not in every circumstance The substance was that was a seal of faith and Church-priviledge so is this that was administred to all that would join in the faith of Abraham and their children as being in Gods covenant so must it be here in that was sealed to the Covenanter the promise of grace and mercie by Christ which is alwayes one and the same so here that signified mortification and a promise on mans part of faith and obedience to God so it is here that was the inlet to Gods Church the Sacrament of initiation admission and engraffing into the Church so is baptism
whom the Apostle spake Act. 2. 39. were not believers then the promise was not to them and their children but they were not believers ergo c. We answer The Apostle saying expresly the promise is to you and to your câ—ildren your dispute labouring to prove that the promise was not to them and their children is point blanck against the express Word of God and you denying that principle are not worthy of further answer yet for the pious Readers sake we say further 1 That believers may be taken two ways first for such as do in heart believe unto rightâ—ousness this God alone can judge of and therefore man is not to expect his rule and direction for his ministration from hence Secondly for such as profess faith or shew good and probable signs and symptoms thereof as those hearers of Peter did for they received the word gladly and were baptized and before that there appeared an excellent sign of faith in them in that the word which they heard pâ—ofitâ—d them to compunction of heart and repentance with desiring remedie but where the Word of God is not mixed with â—aith in the hearers it profiteth not as appeareth Heb. 4. 2. Therefore that assumption is irrational where you say they to whom the Apostle spake were not believers 2 There may be an amphibologie in the major believers being either such only in profession and bearing the external seal of the righteousness of faith or for such in the heart and so the sequel is unsound for the promise of Gods covenant was to all Israel as being the seed of Abraham within that covenant although many of them through unbelief obtained not remission of sins and eternal life held out to them in the same which made not the promise of none effect to them who believed and many unbelieving parents had and have believing children but a covenanted Parents unbelief barreth not his Infant born within the Church from the external seal of the covenant so that the promise did belong to them though their Parents had secretly been unbelievers and impious persons much more seeing they so expressed and professed their faith repentance and care to be saved If those children Act. 2. 39. were entitled to baptism in their infancie then they were or must have been baptized in their infancie but they were not baptized in their infancie but their fathers only who received the word gladly therefore they to whom the promise is Act. 2. 39. were not entitled to baptism in their infancie We deny your minor and you can never prove it their fathers were first baptized but it appeareth not that they only were baptized 1. It hath been often said and you need still to hear it it followeth not that it was not done because it is not written Christ spake and did many things which are not written 2 If you could from Scripture prove that de facto they were not baptized in their infancie yet that would not prove that de jure they might not be baptized The parents neglect of their duty or any other intercident obstructions could not make void the childrens interest Moses son was not circumcised on the eighth day nor many thousand Israelists Infants in the wilderness for 40 years yet we cannot hence conclude that they ought not to have been circumcised had there been no let or that they had no interest in the seal because there were lets Only Abrahams spiritual â—seed are to be baptized but Infants are not the spiritual seed of Abraham therefore Infants are not to be baptized We answer 1 This is the same argument under another synonimical dress to which we have answered there you said only believers are to be baptized here you say only Abrahams spiritual seed are to be baptized whereas believers and Abrahams spiritual seed are one and the same in the Apostles account Gal. 3. 7. 2 Many thousands which were Abrahams carnal seed were baptized which were indeed not his spiritual seed that is true believers See Mat. 3. 5 6. Act. 241. which being done by Iohn Baptist and Christs disciples and so precedentially to us shews the falshood of your major 3 If Abrahams spiritual seed by your own confession be to be baptized then Infants of believers within the Church must be baptized they being Abrahams spiritual seed except you will say that Gods promise was to some who were not within the covenant made with Abraham and indeed the whole mystical body of Christ is the spiritual seed of Abraham of which none can rationally deny Infants of covenanted Parents to be a part who acknowledge Christ to be their Saviour See Eph. 5. 28. and that out of him and his body the Church is no salvation So that by the way we may note that to exclude Christian Infants from being a part of Christs visible Church in general is to exclude them from the ordinary state and way to salvation and so to deny them to be Abrahams spiritual seed is to exclude them from the same and to leave them to an extraordinary means thereto in which some Pagans Turks and obstinate Iews c. by the mercie of God illuminating converting them to the faith of Christ by extraordinary means may be saved and this is to suppose Infants of Christian Parents as bad as Heathens without Christ aliens from the Common-wealth of Israel strangers from the covenants of promise without God in the World Add hereto that if parents may not sorrow as men without hope for their deceased Infants they cannot have sound hope without faith nor faith without a promise or word of faith that is Scripture-promise to confirm ground it on and that not in general but such as properly concerns their children as that Gen. 17. 7. Act. 2. 39. Luk. 18. 16 17. c. Now to deny childrens interest herein or that they are the spiritual seed of Abraham is to leave afflicted Parents hopeless of their childrens salvation in that by such an an uncharitable impious tenet Parents must not believ those comfortable promises belong to their children and that God will not so much as by an external seal assure them that he is by covenant a God unto their Infants Nor can we think that ever any were saved ordinarily if at all touching whom God never made any promise neither in respect of internal and saving faith nor so much as in respect of external right to sealing thereto so that to avoid this we must say that Christian Infants are Abrahams undoubted spiritual seed therefore they have at least an ecclesiastical right as to the covenant made with Abraham so to the Church-priviledges respectively that is to baptism which is now the seal of Gods covenant in Christ exhibited CHAP. III. Infant baptism asserted and justified by sundry arguments by the Church of Christ alledged 1. ALl they who are members of Christs body the Church are to be baptized that they may
So Cornelius spiritual sanctification preceded in the gift of the holy Ghost and then he received the Sacrament of regeneration to confirm the same to him But when the elect who being baptized dye in their infancy it is certain that they are regenerate by the Sacrament without the ministry of the word preached unto them whereof they are not capable who yet without regeneration could not enter into the Kingdom of God Iohn 3. 5. And if the baptized Infant live to be capable of teaching and so receive the word as that it begets in him actual faith repentance and obedience to God then that word is as Sincere milk to nourish and confirm not to regenerate but to promote the degrees of regeneration producing that faith and the fruits thereof sowed in baptism to a clearer and more evident maturity So was it in Isaac who was first regenerate by the seal of the righteousness of faith which was after he came to years nourished and confirmed by the word preached unto him So that though the word in the ordinary dispensation thereof be often repeated and doth by many degrees promote our regeneration and cause us to grow to a better stature and strength according to our measure in Christ of which we have continual need yet it follows not thence that baptism may also be iterated no more then that a man may be often born into the world because he is often fed and groweth up by degrees and divers accessions to his stature Though corporal generation or birth be naturally but one yet may it be supernaturally iterated Yea so shall it be in the resurrection which our Saviour calleth Regeneration Matth 19. 28. We answer 1. The present question is concerning regeneration in this life not of that which shall be in the new age as the Syriac hath it that is in the world to come 2. Christ there calleth the resurrection regeneration to teach us who have received the first fruits of the Spirit in our regeneration that admirable thing which shall come to pass in our resurrection for so shall our flesh be as it were born again by incorruption as our soul is now regenerate by faith in Christ. 3. That regeneration in the end of the world shall be but once therefore by proportion regeneration in this world by baptism must be can be but once The spiritual death to sin is by many acts of regeneration as examination of our selves daily renewing our repentance beating down our bodies by fasting prayer humiliation and rising again to newness of life in our encreases of faith and growth in holiness is by sundry acts of the Spirit regenerating and making our endeavours effectuall in the use of the means as hearing praying receiving the Sacrament In and by these is regeneration therefore not one nor only once Adâ— hereto that we are baptized into remission of sins which being daily we have need of daily remission and therefore of Baptism We answer 1. That dying to sin and rising to newness of life are the certain effects of regeneration and therefore it may conclude that where these are and their several acts appear there undoubtedly is Regeneration But it can no more conclude divers Regenerations then the divers acts of a living man can prove that he had several Generations or Births because these prove that he liveth 2. Our need of daily pardon for our daily sins may conclude our daily need of repentance as our Saviour taught us but it concludes not any necessity to iterate our Baptism but rather the contrary because the Covenant of God once sealed to us in Baptism for the free remission of all our sins through the inestimable and never dying-merit of Christs death into which we are implanted by Baptism is unchangably perpetual and the condition of our comfortable assurance of pardon cannot be iteration of our Baptism but renewing of our repentance and amendment of our lives which demonstrate our faith to be lively See Ier. 3. 12 13. Ezek. 16. 60. Nor doth that hinder which some object Some hypocrites receive the seal therefore they have need to receive it again that they may obtain the fruits thereof which believing they shall have It follows not that they ought to be baptized again but that they ought to be sincere and to repent of their hypocrisie and then the seal formerly received shall be effectual for them to Remission of sins and Salvation Spiritual death in sin is by many acts and Regeneration is a rising again from the same which in the regenerate who also often fall must and is often to be iterated therefore Regeneration may and must be iterated and consequently so must Baptism the Laver of Regeneration We answer 1. The acts of Regeneration are many but that proves not pluralities of Regenerations more then many acts of life prove many lives of one and the same person as we said 2. As many wounds or other concurrent causes of death conclude not many deaths of one and the same person so 't is here many sins wound and spiritually destroy the soul yet are there not more deaths then lives of one man for death is a privation of life So that our often falling into sin concludes only a need of frequent renewing our repentance and hath been shewed That which the Apostles of Christ did that we may do in the work of the Ministry But they rebaptized as may appear Acts 19. 4 5. therefore we may rebaptize We answer 1. This main argument which the Anabaptists have is built as the rest upon a meer mistake of that Scripture S. Luke thus relateth Then said Paul Iohn verily baptized with the baptism of repentance saying unto the people that they should believe on him which should come after him that is on Christ Iesus When they heard this to wit that which Iohn spake they that is the people mentioned verse 4. which heard those words of Iohn B. were baptized that is by Iohn B. or his Disciples not by Paul for he is only said verse 6. to have laid his hands upon them that they might be confirmed in their receiving the extraordinary gifts of the Holy Ghost of which those Disciples to whom Paul there spake had not before that time so much as heard verse 2. 2. There was no difference in substance or signification between the Baptism of Iohn B. and that which was administred by â—the Disciples of Christ as hath been shewed 3. It is not said in the cited place that Paul baptized them but onely that he laid his hands on them as we noted Add hereto that his self saith That he baptized only Crispus and Gaius and the houshold of Stephanus but besides he knew not whether he baptized any other Now Crispus was a Corinthian Gaius a Macedonian and Stephanus of Achaia 1 Cor. 16. 15. but 't is apparent that these Disciples mentioned Acts 19. were Ephesians verse 1. and Ephesus