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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A68619 The arte of English poesie Contriued into three bookes: the first of poets and poesie, the second of proportion, the third of ornament. Puttenham, George, d. 1590.; Puttenham, Richard, 1520?-1601?, attributed name.; Lumley, John Lumley, Baron, 1534?-1609, attributed name. 1589 (1589) STC 20519.5; ESTC S110571 205,111 267

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&_o so_o in_o the_o first_o place_n receive_v apt_o the_o sharp_a accent_n he_o be_v make_v long_o afterward_o receive_v the_o flat_a accent_n more_o apt_o they_o the_o sharp_a because_o the_o syllable_n precedent_n las_fw-fr utter_o distaine_v he_o he_o be_v make_v short_a &_o not_o long_o &_o that_o with_o very_o good_a melody_n but_o to_o have_v give_v he_o the_o sharp_a accent_n &_o pluck_v it_o from_o the_o syllable_n las_fw-fr it_o have_v be_v to_o any_o man_n ear_n a_o great_a discord_n for_o evermore_o this_o word_n alá_v be_v accent_v upon_o the_o last_o &_o that_o loud_o &_o notorious_o as_o appear_v by_o all_o our_o exclamation_n use_v under_o that_o term_n the_o same_o earl_n of_o surrey_n &_o sir_n thomas_n wyatt_n the_o first_o reformer_n &_o polisher_n of_o our_o vulgar_a poesy_n much_o affect_v the_o stile_n and_o measure_n of_o the_o italian_a petrarcha_n use_v the_o foot_n dactil_o very_a often_o but_o not_o many_o in_o one_o verse_n as_o in_o these_o fūll_v mănĭe_v 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alteration_n or_o peradventure_o total_a destruction_n of_o the_o same_o which_o can_v not_o stand_v with_o any_o good_a discretion_n or_o courtesy_n in_o we_o to_o attempt_v but_o thus_o much_o i_o say_v that_o by_o some_o leasurable_a travel_n it_o be_v no_o hard_a matter_n to_o induce_v all_o their_o ancient_a foot_n into_o use_n with_o we_o and_o that_o it_o shall_v prove_v very_o agreeable_a to_o the_o ear_n and_o well_o according_a with_o our_o ordinary_a time_n and_o pronunciation_n which_o no_o man_n can_v then_o just_o mislike_v and_o that_o be_v to_o allow_v every_o word_n polisillable_n one_o long_a time_n of_o necessity_n which_o shall_v be_v where_o his_o sharp_a accent_n fall_v in_o our_o own_o ydiome_n most_o apt_o and_o natural_o wherein_o we_o will_v not_o follow_v the_o licence_n of_o the_o greek_n and_o latin_n who_o make_v not_o their_o sharp_a accent_n any_o necessary_a prolongation_n of_o their_o time_n but_o use_v such_o syllable_n sometime_o long_o sometime_o short_a at_o their_o pleasure_n the_o other_o syllable_n of_o any_o word_n where_o the_o sharp_a accent_n fall_v not_o to_o be_v account_v of_o such_o time_n and_o quantity_n as_o his_o orthography_n will_v best_o bear_v have_v regard_n to_o himself_o or_o to_o his_o next_o neighbour_n word_n bound_v he_o on_o either_o side_n namely_o to_o the_o smoothness_n &_o hardness_n of_o the_o syllable_n in_o his_o utterance_n which_o be_v occasion_v altogether_o by_o his_o orthography_n &_o situation_n as_o in_o this_o word_n dáyly_a the_o first_o syllable_n for_o his_o usual_a and_o sharp_a accent_n sake_n to_o be_v always_o long_o the_o second_o for_o his_o flat_a accent_n sake_n to_o be_v always_o short_a and_o the_o rather_o for_o his_o orthography_n because_o if_o he_o go_v before_o another_o word_n commence_v with_o a_o vowel_n not_o let_v he_o to_o be_v eclipse_v his_o utterance_n be_v easy_a &_o currant_n in_o this_o trissillable_n daūngĕrŏus_o the_o first_o to_o be_v long_o the_o other_o two_o short_a for_o the_o same_o cause_n in_o this_o word_n dāngĕroŭsnēsse_n the_o first_o &_o last_o to_o be_v both_o long_a because_o they_o receive_v both_o of_o they_o the_o sharp_a accent_n and_o the_o two_o middlemost_a to_o be_v short_a in_o these_o word_n remedy_n &_o remediless_a the_o time_n to_o follow_v also_o the_o accent_n so_o as_o if_o it_o please_v better_a to_o set_v the_o sharp_a accent_n upon_o re_fw-la then_o upon_o dye_o that_o syllable_n shall_v be_v make_v long_o and_o èconuerso_fw-la but_o in_o this_o word_n remediless_a because_o many_o like_a better_o to_o accent_n the_o syllable_n i_n they_o the_o syllable_n les_fw-fr therefore_o i_o leave_v he_o for_o a_o common_a syllable_n to_o be_v able_a to_o receive_v both_o a_o long_a and_o a_o short_a time_n as_o occasion_n shall_v serve_v the_o like_a law_n i_o set_v in_o these_o word_n revocable_a recoverable_a irrevocable_a irrecoverable_a for_o sometime_o it_o sound_v better_a to_o say_v reuŏ_n cāblĕ_n than_o rĕ_n uōcăblĕ_n rēcŏuĕr_v āblĕ_n they_o rĕcōuĕr_a ăblĕ_n for_o this_o one_o thing_n you_o must_v always_o mark_v that_o if_o your_o time_n fall_v either_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o sharp_a accent_n or_o otherwise_o upon_o the_o penultima_fw-la you_o shall_v find_v many_o other_o word_n to_o rhyme_n with_o he_o because_o such_o termination_n be_v not_o geazon_n but_o if_o the_o long_a time_n fall_v upon_o the_o antepenultima_fw-la you_o shall_v not_o find_v many_o word_n to_o match_v he_o in_o his_o termination_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o concord_n or_o rhyme_n but_o if_o you_o will_v let_v your_o long_a time_n by_o his_o sharp_a accent_n fall_v above_o the_o antepenultima_fw-la as_o to_z say_v cōuĕrăblĕ_n you_o shall_v seldom_o or_o perchance_o never_o find_v one_o to_o make_v up_o rhyme_n with_o he_o unless_o it_o be_v bad_o and_o by_o abuse_n and_o therefore_o in_o all_o such_o long_a polisillable_n you_o do_v common_o give_v two_o sharp_a accent_n and_o thereby_o reduce_v he_o into_o two_o foot_n as_o in_o this_o word_n rēmŭ_n nĕrātĭŏn_v which_o make_v a_o couple_n of_o good_a dactyl_n and_o in_o this_o word_n contribūtĭŏn_o which_o make_v a_o good_a spondeus_fw-la &_o a_o good_a dactill_o and_o in_o this_o word_n recāpĭtŭlātĭŏn_o it_o make_v two_o dactill_n and_o a_o syllable_n overplus_n to_o annexe_v to_o the_o word_n precedent_n to_o help_v piece_n up_o another_o foot_n but_o for_o word_n monosillable_n as_o be_v most_o of_o we_o because_o in_o pronounce_v they_o they_o do_v of_o necessity_n retain_v a_o sharp_a accent_n you_o may_v just_o allow_v they_o to_o be_v all_o long_a if_o they_o will_v so_o best_o serve_v your_o turn_n and_o if_o they_o be_v tail_v one_o to_o another_o or_o the_o one_o to_o a_o dissillable_n or_o polyssillable_n you_o ought_v to_o allow_v they_o that_o time_n that_o best_o serve_v your_o purpose_n and_o please_v your_o ear_n most_o and_o true_o answer_n the_o
nature_n of_o the_o orthography_n in_o which_o i_o will_v as_o near_o as_o i_o can_v observe_v and_o keep_v the_o law_n of_o the_o greek_a and_o latin_a versifier_n that_o be_v to_o prolong_v the_o syllable_n which_o be_v write_v with_o double_a consonant_n or_o by_o diphthong_n or_o with_o single_a consonant_n that_o run_v hard_a and_o harsh_o upon_o the_o tongue_n and_o to_o shorten_v all_o syllable_n that_o stand_v upon_o vowel_n if_o there_o be_v no_o cause_n of_o elision_n and_o single_a consonant_n &_o such_o of_o they_o as_o be_v most_o flow_a and_o flipper_n upon_o the_o tongue_n as_o n.r.t.d.l._n and_o for_o this_o purpose_n to_o take_v away_o all_o aspiration_n and_o many_o time_n the_o last_o consonant_n of_o a_o word_n as_o the_o latin_a poetes_n use_v to_o do_v special_o lucretius_n and_o ennius_n as_o to_o say_v finibu_n for_o finibus_fw-la and_o so_o will_v not_o i_o stick_v to_o say_v thus_o delight_n for_o delight_n high_a for_o high_a and_o such_o like_a &_o do_v nothing_o at_o all_o impugn_v the_o rule_n i_o give_v before_o against_o the_o wrest_n of_o word_n by_o false_a orthography_n to_o make_v up_o rhyme_n which_o may_v not_o be_v falsify_v but_o this_o omission_n of_o letter_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o metre_n to_o make_v he_o the_o more_o slipper_n help_v the_o numerositie_n and_o hinder_v not_o the_o rhyme_n but_o general_o the_o shorten_n or_o prolong_v of_o the_o monosillable_n depend_v much_o upon_o the_o nature_n of_o their_o orthography_n which_o the_o latin_a grammarien_n call_v the_o rule_n of_o position_n as_o for_o example_n if_o i_o shall_v say_v thus_o nōt_v mănĭe_v dayēs_n pāst_n twenty_o day_n after_o this_o make_v a_o good_a dactill_o and_o a_o good_a spondeus_fw-la but_o if_o you_o turn_v they_o backward_o it_o will_v not_o do_v so_o as_o many_o day_n not_o past_a and_o the_o distich_n make_v all_o of_o monosillable_n būt_v nōne_v ōf_n ū_v trūe_a mēn_n ānd_v frēe_v can_v find_v so_o great_a good_a luck_n as_o he_o which_o word_n serve_v well_o to_o make_v the_o verse_n all_o spondiacke_n or_o iambicke_a but_o not_o in_o dactil_o as_o other_o word_n or_o the_o same_o otherwise_o place_v will_v do_v for_o it_o be_v a_o illfavored_a dactil_o to_o say_v būt_v nŏne_v ŏf_n ūs_fw-mi ăll_v trĕwe_v therefore_o whensoever_o your_o word_n will_v not_o make_v a_o smooth_a dactil_o you_o must_v alter_v they_o or_o their_o situation_n or_o else_o turn_v they_o to_o other_o foot_n that_o may_v better_o bear_v their_o manner_n of_o sound_n and_o orthography_n or_o if_o the_o word_n be_v polysillable_n to_o divide_v he_o and_o to_o make_v he_o serve_v by_o piece_n that_o he_o can_v not_o do_v whole_a and_o entire_o and_o no_o doubt_n by_o like_a consideration_n do_v the_o greek_a &_o latin_a versifier_n fashion_v all_o their_o foot_n at_o the_o first_o to_o be_v of_o sundry_a time_n and_o the_o self_n same_o syllable_n to_o be_v sometime_o long_a and_o sometime_o short_a for_o the_o ear_n better_a satisfaction_n as_o have_v be_v before_o remember_v now_o also_o whereas_o i_o say_v before_o that_o our_o old_a saxon_a english_a for_o his_o many_o monosillable_n do_v not_o natural_o admit_v the_o use_n of_o the_o ancient_a foot_n in_o our_o vulgar_a measure_n so_o apt_o as_o in_o those_o language_n which_o stand_v most_o upon_o polisillable_n i_o say_v it_o in_o a_o sort_n true_o but_o now_o i_o must_v recant_v and_o confess_v that_o our_o normane_a english_a which_o have_v grow_v since_o william_n the_o conqueror_n do_v admit_v any_o of_o the_o ancient_a foot_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o many_o polysillable_n even_o to_o six_o and_o seven_o in_o one_o word_n which_o we_o at_o this_o day_n use_v in_o our_o most_o ordinary_a language_n and_o which_o corruption_n have_v be_v occasion_v chief_o by_o the_o peevish_a affectation_n not_o of_o the_o norman_n themselves_o but_o of_o clerk_n and_o scholar_n or_o secretary_n long_o since_o who_o not_o content_a with_o the_o usual_a normane_n or_o saxon_a word_n will_v convert_v the_o very_a latin_a and_o greek_a word_n into_o vulgar_a french_a as_o to_o say_v innumerable_a for_o innombrable_a revocable_a irrevocable_a irradiation_n depopulation_n &_o such_o like_a which_o be_v not_o natural_a norman_n nor_o yet_o french_a but_o alter_v latin_n and_o without_o any_o imitation_n at_o all_o which_o therefore_o be_v long_a time_n despise_v for_o inkhorn_n term_n and_o now_o be_v repute_v the_o best_a &_o most_o delicate_a of_o any_o other_o of_o which_o &_o many_o other_o cause_n of_o corruption_n of_o our_o speech_n we_o have_v in_o another_o place_n more_o ample_o discourse_v but_o by_o this_o mean_a we_o may_v at_o this_o day_n very_o well_o receive_v the_o ancient_a foot_n metricall_a of_o the_o greek_n and_o latin_n save_v those_o that_o be_v superflous_a as_o be_v all_o the_o foot_n above_o the_o trissillable_n which_o the_o old_a grammarian_n idle_o invent_v and_o distinguish_v by_o special_a name_n whereas_o in_o deed_n the_o same_o do_v stand_v compound_v with_o the_o inferior_a foot_n and_o therefore_o some_o of_o they_o be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o didactilus_fw-la dispondeus_fw-la and_o disiambus_fw-la all_o which_o foot_n as_o i_o say_v we_o may_v be_v allow_v to_o use_v with_o good_a discretion_n &_o precise_a choice_n of_o word_n and_o with_o the_o favourable_a approbation_n of_o reader_n and_o so_o shall_v our_o plat_n in_o this_o one_o point_n be_v large_a and_o much_o surmount_v that_o which_o stamhurst_n first_o take_v in_o hand_n by_o his_o exameter_n dactilicke_a and_o spondaicke_a in_o the_o translation_n of_o virgil_n eneidos_n and_o such_o as_o for_o a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o my_o stomach_n can_v hardly_o digest_v for_o the_o ill_a shape_a sound_n of_o many_o of_o his_o word_n polisillable_n and_o also_o his_o copulation_n of_o monosillable_n supply_v the_o quantity_n of_o a_o trissillable_n to_o his_o intent_n and_o right_o so_o in_o promote_a this_o devise_n of_o we_o be_v i_o fear_v i_o much_o more_o nice_a and_o affect_v and_o therefore_o more_o mislike_v than_o he_o we_o be_v to_o bespeak_v favour_n first_o of_o the_o delicate_a ear_n then_o of_o the_o rigorous_a and_o severe_a disposition_n last_o to_o crave_v pardon_n of_o the_o learned_a &_o ancient_a maker_n in_o our_o vulgar_a for_o if_o we_o shall_v seek_v in_o every_o point_n to_o equal_a our_o speech_n with_o the_o greek_a and_o latin_a in_o their_o metricall_a observation_n it_o can_v not_o possible_o be_v by_o we_o perform_v because_o their_o syllable_n come_v to_o be_v time_v some_o of_o they_o long_o some_o of_o they_o short_a not_o by_o reason_n of_o any_o evident_a or_o apparent_a cause_n in_o writing_n or_o sound_n remain_v upon_o one_o more_o than_o another_o for_o many_o time_n they_o shorten_v the_o syllable_n of_o sharp_a accent_n and_o make_v long_o that_o of_o the_o flat_a &_o therefore_o we_o must_v needs_o say_v it_o be_v in_o many_o of_o their_o word_n do_v by_o preelection_n in_o the_o first_o poetes_n not_o have_v regard_n altogether_o to_o the_o orthography_n and_o hardness_n or_o softness_n of_o a_o syllable_n consonant_n vowel_n or_o diphthong_n but_o at_o their_o pleasure_n or_o as_o it_o fall_v out_o so_o as_o he_o that_o first_o put_v in_o a_o verse_n this_o word_n penelope_n which_o may_v be_v homer_n or_o some_o other_o of_o his_o antiquity_n where_o he_o make_v pē_v in_o both_o place_n long_o and_o nĕ_n and_o lŏ_n short_a he_o may_v have_v make_v they_o otherwise_o and_o with_o as_o good_a reason_n nothing_o in_o the_o world_n appear_v that_o may_v move_v they_o to_o make_v such_o preelection_n more_o in_o the_o one_o syllable_n then_o in_o the_o other_o for_o pe_z ne_fw-fr and_o lo._n be_v syllable_n vocal_n be_v equal_o smooth_a and_o currant_n upon_o the_o tongue_n and_o may_v bear_v aswell_o the_o long_a as_o the_o short_a time_n but_o it_o please_v the_o poet_n otherwise_o so_o he_o that_o first_o shorten_v ca._n in_o this_o word_n canon_n and_o make_v long_o trow_o in_o troia_fw-la and_o o_o in_fw-la oris_fw-la may_v have_v aswell_o do_v the_o contrary_a but_o because_o he_o that_o first_o put_v they_o into_o a_o verse_n find_v as_o it_o be_v to_o be_v suppose_v a_o more_o sweetness_n in_o his_o own_o ear_n to_o have_v they_o so_o tyme_v therefore_o all_o other_o poet_n who_o follow_v be_v fain_o to_o do_v the_o like_a which_o make_v that_o virgil_n who_o come_v many_o year_n after_o the_o first_o reception_n of_o word_n in_o their_o several_a time_n be_v drive_v of_o necessity_n to_o accept_v they_o in_o such_o quantity_n as_o they_o be_v leave_v he_o and_o therefore_o say_v ārmă_n uĭ_n rūmqūe_v că_n nō_n trō_n iē_n quì_n prīmŭ_v ăb_a ōrīs._n neither_o true_o do_v i_o see_v any_o other_o reason_n in_o that_o law_n though_o in_o other_o rule_n of_o shorten_v and_o
prolong_v a_o syllable_n there_o may_v be_v reason_n but_o that_o it_o stand_v upon_o bare_a tradition_n such_o as_o the_o cabalist_n avouch_v in_o their_o mystical_a construction_n theological_a and_o other_o say_v that_o they_o receive_v the_o same_o from_o hand_n to_o hand_n from_o the_o first_o parent_n adam_n abraham_n and_o other_o which_o i_o will_v give_v they_o leave_v alone_o both_o to_o say_v and_o believe_v for_o i_o think_v rather_o that_o they_o have_v be_v the_o idle_a occupation_n or_o perchance_o the_o malicious_a and_o crafty_a construction_n of_o the_o talmudist_n and_o other_o of_o the_o hebrew_n clerk_n to_o bring_v the_o world_n into_o admiration_n of_o their_o law_n and_o religion_n now_o peradventure_o with_o we_o englishmen_n it_o be_v somewhat_o too_o late_o to_o admit_v a_o new_a invention_n of_o foot_n and_o time_n that_o our_o forefather_n never_o use_v nor_o never_o observe_v till_o this_o day_n either_o in_o their_o measure_n or_o in_o their_o pronunciation_n and_o perchance_o will_v seem_v in_o we_o a_o presumptuous_a part_n to_o attempt_v consider_v also_o it_o will_v be_v hard_a to_o find_v many_o man_n to_o like_v of_o one_o man_n choice_n in_o the_o limitation_n of_o time_n and_o quantity_n of_o word_n with_o which_o not_o one_o but_o every_o ear_n be_v to_o be_v please_v and_o make_v a_o particular_a judge_n be_v most_o true_o say_v that_o a_o multitude_n or_o commonalty_n be_v hard_o to_o please_v and_o easy_a to_o offend_v and_o therefore_o i_o intend_v not_o to_o proceed_v any_o further_a in_o this_o curiosity_n then_o to_o show_v some_o small_a subtillitie_n that_o any_o other_o have_v not_o yet_o do_v and_o not_o by_o imitation_n but_o by_o observation_n nor_o to_o the_o intent_n to_o have_v it_o put_v in_o execution_n in_o our_o vulgar_a poesy_n but_o to_o be_v pleasant_o scan_v upon_o as_o be_v all_o novelty_n so_o frivolous_a and_o ridiculous_a as_o it_o chap._n xiii_o a_o more_o particular_a declaration_n of_o the_o metricall_a foot_n of_o the_o ancient_a poet_n greeke_n and_o latin_a and_o chief_a of_o the_o foot_n of_o two_o time_n their_o grammarian_n make_v a_o great_a multitude_n of_o foot_n i_o wot_v not_o to_o what_o huge_a number_n and_o of_o so_o many_o size_n as_o their_o word_n be_v of_o length_n namely_o six_o size_n whereas_o in_o deed_n the_o metricall_a foot_n be_v but_o twelve_o in_o number_n whereof_o four_o only_a be_v of_o two_o time_n and_o eight_o of_o three_o time_n the_o rest_n compound_v of_o the_o premise_a two_o sort_n even_o as_o the_o arithmetical_a number_n above_o three_o be_v make_v of_o two_o and_o three_o and_o if_o you_o will_v know_v how_o many_o of_o these_o foot_n will_v be_v commodious_o receive_v with_o we_o i_o say_v all_o the_o whole_a twelve_o for_o first_o for_o the_o foot_n spondeus_fw-la of_o two_o long_a time_n you_o have_v these_o english_a word_n mōrnīng_v mīdnīght_o mīschāunce_fw-mi and_o a_o number_n more_o who_o orthography_n may_v direct_v your_o judgement_n in_o this_o point_n for_o your_o trocheus_fw-la of_o a_o long_a and_o short_a you_o have_v these_o word_n mānĕr_v brōkĕn_fw-mi tākĕn_fw-mi bōdiĕ_n mēmbĕr_n and_o a_o great_a many_o more_o if_o their_o last_o syllable_n about_o not_o upon_o the_o consonant_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o another_o word_n and_o in_o these_o whether_o they_o do_v about_o or_o no_o wīttĭe_n dīttĭe_o sōrrŏw_o mōrrŏw_o &_o such_o like_a which_o end_n in_o a_o vowel_n for_o your_o jambus_fw-la of_o a_o short_a and_o a_o long_a you_o have_v these_o word_n rĕstōre_o rĕmōrse_n dĕsīre_o ĕndūre_o and_o a_o thousand_o beside_o for_o your_o foot_n pirrichiu_n or_o of_o two_o short_a syllable_n you_o have_v these_o word_n mănĭe_o mŏnĕy_o pĕnĭe_o sĭliĕ_n and_o other_o of_o that_o constitution_n or_o the_o like_a for_o your_o foot_n of_o three_o time_n and_o first_o your_o dactill_o you_o have_v these_o word_n &_o a_o number_n more_o pātĭĕnce_n tēmpĕrănce_n wōmănheăd_n iōlĭtĭe_o daungĕrŏus_fw-la 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