Selected quad for the lemma: word_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
word_n	begin_v	follow_v	vowel_n	3,005	5	15.9298	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A57289	Short-hand yet shorter: or, The art of short-writing advanced in a more swift, easie, regular, and natural method than hitherto Whereby the former difficulties in placing the vowels are removed; they, the dipthongs and consonants, further contracted; the particles, pronouns, degrees of comparison, persons, moods, tenses, contrarieties, repetitions, sentences negative and interrogatory, are shortned. The rules are plain, easie to be remembred and applied to any other short-hand, that such as have learned other authors may have hence a very considerable help to write more swiftly without altering their foundation. By George Ridpath.	Ridpath, George, d. 1726.	1687 (1687)	Wing R1466; ESTC R220838	19,704	49

prick_n put_v in_o its_o place_n which_o that_o you_o may_v the_o more_o easy_o remember_v and_o understand_v observe_v that_o their_o place_n be_v according_a to_o their_o rank_n in_o the_o alphabet_n viz._n a_o be_v the_o first_o vowel_n have_v the_o first_o place_n viz._n a_o little_a high_o than_o the_o follow_a letter_n but_o not_o just_a over_o it_o see_v the_o copper_n plate_n at_o fig._n 3._o e_o be_v the_o second_o vowel_n have_v the_o second_o place_n viz._n just_a against_o the_o upper_a corner_n of_o the_o follow_a letter_n see_v again_o at_o fig._n 3._o i_o be_v the_o three_o vowel_n have_v the_o three_o place_n viz._n just_a against_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o letter_n see_v fig._n 3._o o_o be_v the_o four_o vowel_n have_v the_o four_o place_n just_a against_o the_o low_a corner_n of_o the_o follow_a letter_n see_v fig._n 3._o u_fw-la be_v the_o five_o vowel_n have_v the_o five_o place_n a_o little_a low_o than_o the_o follow_a letter_n but_o not_o just_a under_o it_o see_v again_o at_o fig._n 3._o you_o must_v also_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o place_n of_o the_o vowel_n be_v the_o same_o after_o a_o consonant_a as_o before_o one_o and_o that_o the_o letter_n y_o when_o join_v to_o a_o consonant_a have_v always_o the_o sound_n of_o the_o vowel_n i_o and_o therefore_o be_v express_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n in_o the_o next_o place_n observe_v careful_o the_o place_n of_o the_o vowel_n about_o the_o letter_n l_o and_o s_o you_o will_v easy_o understand_v these_o thing_n by_o view_v the_o example_n at_o fig._n 3._o 4._o when_o a_o vowel_n come_v between_o two_o consonant_n it_o be_v to_o be_v express_v by_o put_v the_o latter_a consonant_a in_o its_o place_n see_v fig._n 4._o in_o this_o art_n we_o do_v not_o regard_v true_a spell_a but_o for_o swiftness_n sake_n leave_v out_o all_o the_o letter_n that_o be_v not_o pronounce_v in_o speak_v which_o that_o you_o may_v the_o better_o understand_v i_o have_v give_v in_o the_o follow_a table_n a_o particular_a account_n of_o all_o such_o letter_n with_o rule_n how_o to_o know_v they_o and_o when_o to_o leave_v they_o out_o the_o learner_n must_v write_v they_o in_o shorthand_n letter_n till_o he_o can_v do_v they_o well_o 1._o e_o may_v be_v leave_v out_o before_o d_o in_o the_o last_o syllable_n of_o a_o word_n as_o for_o rule_v rule_v  _fw-fr wipe_v wipe_v  _fw-fr stripe_a stripe_a 2._o before_o st_z as_o for_o know_v know_v 3._o before_o the_o as_o for_o know_v know_v 4._o before_o neth_n as_o for_o ripen_v ripn_v 5._o before_o l_o as_o for_o council_n councl_n 6._o before_o m_o as_o for_o they_o thm_n 7._o before_o n_o as_o for_o take_v takn_n 8._o before_o r_o as_o for_o cool_a coolr_n 9_o as_o it_o may_v be_v leave_v out_o in_o all_o these_o eight_o case_n abovesaid_a before_o those_o letter_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr in_o the_o last_o syllable_n so_o it_o may_v be_v leave_v out_o in_o all_o such_o word_n as_o it_o be_v not_o pronounce_v in_o when_o it_o be_v the_o last_o letter_n of_o the_o word_n viz._n after_o b_o c_o d_o f_o g_o k_o l_o m_o n_o p_o q_o r_o s_o t_o u_z v_o w_o observe_v the_o example_n which_o the_o learner_n be_v desire_v to_o write_v over_o in_o the_o shorthand_n character_n until_o he_o be_v accustom_v to_o leave_v out_o the_o letter_n which_o be_v here_o leave_v out_o bribe_n brib_o  _fw-fr spice_n spic_fw-la  _fw-fr wide_a with_o  _fw-fr knife_n knife_n  _fw-fr sage_n sag._n  _fw-fr make_v make_v  _fw-fr stale_a stall_n  _fw-fr name_n nam_n  _fw-fr none_o non_fw-fr  _fw-fr wipe_v wip_n  _fw-fr risque_fw-la risq_fw-la  _fw-fr hare_n har_z  _fw-fr case_n case_z  _fw-fr hate_n hat_n in_o such_o case_n as_o one_o word_n may_v be_v mistake_v for_o another_o as_o hate_v for_o hat_n the_o learner_n may_v add_v a_o prick_n in_o the_o vowel_n place_n to_o distinguish_v due_a du_fw-fr  _fw-fr live_a liv_o  _fw-fr own_a ow._n how_o to_o express_v dipthong_n 5._o when_o a_o dipthong_n which_o be_v two_o vowel_n together_o in_o the_o same_o syllable_n begin_v or_o end_v a_o word_n observe_v which_o of_o the_o vowel_n be_v most_o sound_v in_o pronounce_v the_o word_n and_o write_v a_o prick_n in_o that_o vowel_n place_n and_o if_o the_o dipthong_n be_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o a_o word_n put_v the_o consonant_a which_o follow_v next_o after_o the_o dipthong_n in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o vowel_n which_o be_v most_o sound_v see_v fig._n 5._o the_o follow_a table_n teach_v which_o of_o the_o vowel_n shall_v be_v write_v in_o all_o dipthong_n ae_z e_fw-la aeneas_n aeneas_n  _fw-fr ai_fw-fr a_fw-fr be_v air_n  _fw-fr au_fw-fr a_o adience_n audience_n a_o ay_o a_o play_n pla_fw-la  _fw-fr ea_fw-la e_fw-la se_fw-la sea_n a_o ei_fw-la e_fw-it when_fw-mi vein_n  _fw-fr eo_fw-la o_fw-fr jopardy_n jeopardy_n  _fw-fr eu_fw-fr u._fw-mi nuter_fw-fr neuter_n a_o i_fw-mi e_fw-it pray_fw-mi prey_n  _fw-fr ie_fw-fr i_fw-it li_n lie_v  _fw-fr oa_o o_o ror_n roar_v  _fw-fr oe_v o_o do_v do_v  _fw-fr for_o ou_fw-fr write_v u._fw-mi as_o fund_z for_o find_v s_o va_fw-fr a_o guard_n guard_n  _fw-fr we_o u._fw-mi du_fw-fr due_a  _fw-fr vi_o i_z gild_v guilt_n  _fw-fr eau_fw-fr u._fw-mi buty_n beauty_n a_o jew_n u_fw-la adu_fw-la adieu_o a_fw-la vai_fw-mi a_o qal_a quail_n  _fw-fr these_z be_v tripthong_n ye_v e_o qen_fw-fr queen_n  _fw-fr vea_n e_o qesie_n queasy_a  _fw-fr awe_n a_fw-fr la_fw-fr law_n  _fw-fr ewe_n u._fw-mi nu_fw-la new_a a_o owe_v o_o slo_o slow_a a_o eou_fw-mi u._fw-mi rightus_fw-la righteous_a  _fw-fr 6._o if_o neither_o of_o the_o vowel_n can_v be_v spare_v as_o in_o the_o word_n oil_n boil_v etc._n etc._n observe_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o a_o word_n to_o write_v the_o proper_a character_n of_o the_o first_o vowel_n and_o put_v the_o consonant_a in_o the_o next_o vowel_n place_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o a_o word_n write_v your_o last_o vowel_n in_o the_o first_o vowel_n place_n in_o the_o end_n of_o a_o word_n do_v the_o same_o see_v the_o example_n at_o fig._n 6._o of_o semi-vowel_n and_o mute_n when_o any_o of_o the_o letter_n l_o m_o n_o r_o x_o z_o which_o by_o the_o latin_n be_v call_v semi-vowel_n come_v after_o a_o vowel_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o a_o word_n before_o another_o consonant_a the_o say_a vowel_n may_v be_v leave_v out_o sore_v none_o of_o those_o letter_n can_v be_v pronounce_v without_o sound_v a_o vowel_n before_o they_o as_o l_o be_v pronounce_v as_o if_o it_o be_v write_v el_fw-es which_o of_o the_o vowel_n must_v be_v pronounce_v the_o sense_n will_v teach_v the_o same_o rule_n hold_v as_o to_o these_o mute_n b_o c_o d_o f_o g_o p_o t_o except_o when_o any_o of_o they_o be_v join_v with_o l_o or_o r._n observe_v the_o example_n in_o the_o follow_a table_n and_o write_v they_o over_o so_o often_o in_o the_o shorthand_n letter_n till_o you_o can_v ready_o write_v they_o or_o any_o other_o example_n of_o this_o nature_n amnon_n mnon_o already_o lredy_o for_o unready_a nredy_o argue_v rgu_n expect_v xpect_v ezra_n zra_fw-la obtain_v btain_v adjust_a djust_a for_o off-going_a fgo_n ignominy_n gnominy_n up-going_a pgoing_n outlast_v tla_v when_o two_o consonant_n of_o the_o same_o sort_n come_v together_o either_o in_o the_o middle_n or_o end_n of_o a_o word_n one_o of_o they_o may_v be_v leave_v out_o and_o yet_o the_o pronunciation_n not_o wrong_v as_o will_v appear_v by_o these_o example_n in_o the_o table_n attain_v atain_a attribute_v atribut_n aggravate_v agravat_fw-la careful_a carful_a fearful_a ferful_a sinful_a sinful_a sinfulness_n sinfulness_n err_v o_z fir_n fir._n it_o many_o time_n happen_v that_o two_o consonant_n of_o different_a sort_n come_v together_o and_o yet_o one_o of_o they_o may_v be_v spare_v without_o mar_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o word_n concern_v which_o take_v the_o follow_a rule_n b_o may_v be_v leave_v out_o in_o the_o end_n of_o a_o word_n after_o m_o and_o when_o it_o come_v between_o a_o vowel_n and_o it_o lamb_n lamb_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr dumb_a dumb_a  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr debt_n det_fw-la  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr doubt_n dut_fw-mi  _fw-fr c_o may_v be_v spare_v before_o k_o or_o q_o and_o after_o s_o and_o after_o x_o acknowledge_v aknoledg_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr acquaint_v aqant_fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr disciple_n disiple_a  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr excess_n x_v  _fw-fr d_o may_v be_v leave_v out_o before_o g_o as_o and_o sometime_o after_o n_o judge_n jug_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr grudge_n grug_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr handmaid_n han-maid_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr friendship_n friendship_n  _fw-fr f_o when_o it_o be_v not_o pronounce_v before_o it_o soft_a sot_n a_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr after_o after_o a_o g_o may_v be_v leave_v out_o betwixt_o a_o vowel_n and_o n_o and_o when_o it_o come_v between_o n_o and_o the_o rein_v

other_o word_n than_o the_o person_n i_o thou_o etc._n etc._n you_o must_v put_v the_o first_o letter_n of_o such_o of_o they_o as_o it_o happen_v to_o be_v above_o the_o verb_n but_o you_o must_v distinguish_v may_v from_o might_n and_o can_v from_o can_v as_o former_o and_o observe_v to_o add_v the_o little_a dash_n for_o the_o passive_a signification_n see_v and_o observe_v careful_o the_o example_n in_o fig._n 17._o sometime_o the_o optative_a and_o potential_a come_v together_o observe_v the_o last_o example_n fig._n 17._o 18._o four_o there_o be_v the_o subjunctive_a mood_n which_o some_o also_o call_v conjunctive_a because_o it_o do_v not_o complete_a a_o sentence_n except_o another_o verb_n be_v subjoin_v or_o conjoin_v the_o sign_n by_o which_o we_o express_v it_o be_v the_o word_n when_o if_o see_v as_o when_o you_o come_v you_o see_v that_o something_o more_o be_v to_o be_v express_v or_o understand_v to_o make_v the_o sentence_n complete_a as_o when_o you_o come_v you_o shall_v hear_v the_o manner_n of_o express_v these_o word_n be_v thus_o you_o must_v when_o they_o come_v after_o any_o person_n or_o other_o word_n subjoin_v that_o be_v to_o say_v join_v to_o the_o low_a part_n of_o it_o a_o shorthand_n wh_o for_o when_o f_z for_o if_o s_z for_o see_v see_v fig._n 18._o sometime_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o optative_a potential_a and_o subjunctive_a come_v together_o as_o in_o this_o example_n i_o wish_v when_o you_o come_v you_o will_v stay_v concern_v which_o see_v the_o last_o example_n of_o figure_n 18._o 19_o how_o to_o express_v to_o and_o to_o be_v which_o latin_v call_v mark_n of_o the_o infinitive_n mood_n i_o refer_v you_o to_o figure_n 19_o where_o you_o have_v example_n how_o to_o use_v they_o as_o also_o to_o express_v the_o must_v which_o be_v call_v a_o gerund_n by_o put_v a_o shorthand_n in_o under_o the_o person_n or_o last_o letter_n of_o the_o word_n before_o it_o of_o interrogatory_n sentence_n 20._o for_o the_o word_n common_o make_v use_n of_o in_o ask_v question_n and_o their_o character_n i_o refer_v you_o to_o number_v 20._o in_o the_o copper_n plate_n but_o take_v these_o follow_a rule_n for_o the_o use_n of_o they_o 1._o if_o they_o or_o any_o of_o they_o come_v before_o any_o of_o the_o person_n i_o thou_o he_o etc._n etc._n you_o must_v put_v the_o say_a person_n in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o time_n that_o go_v before_o it_o as_o in_o this_o example_n what_o have_v i_o you_o must_v first_o write_v the_o character_n for_o what_o and_o put_v i_o in_o the_o place_n of_o have_v which_o according_a to_o former_a rule_n be_v high_a than_o the_o upper_a corner_n of_o the_o word_n go_v before_o it_o at_o such_o distance_n as_o it_o may_v not_o be_v take_v for_o part_n of_o that_o word_n and_o so_o of_o all_o other_o of_o this_o sort_n see_v fig._n 20._o if_o the_o verb_n come_v after_o the_o person_n as_o in_o this_o example_n what_o shall_v i_o do_v write_z as_o before_o only_o put_v the_o verb_n against_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o person_n which_o be_v the_o present_a time_n and_o so_o of_o all_o other_o observe_v the_o former_a direction_n for_o distinguish_v one_o mood_n or_o way_n from_o another_o and_o the_o word_n that_o be_v passive_a from_o the_o active_a see_v fig._n 20._o but_o it_o must_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o optative_a or_o wish_a mood_n must_v be_v join_v to_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o word_n of_o question_n as_o in_o this_o example_n what_o wish_v he_o for_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o optative_a mood_n must_v be_v join_v to_o the_o low_a end_n of_o the_o word_n what_o see_v fig._n 20._o the_o sign_n of_o the_o potential_a mood_n may_v can_v shall_v etc._n etc._n must_v be_v join_v to_o the_o head_n of_o the_o person_n after_o any_o such_o word_n of_o question_n but_o because_o of_o may_v and_o might_n and_o can_v and_o can_v begin_n with_o one_o letter_n join_v might_n and_o can_v to_o the_o upper_a corner_n of_o the_o person_n on_o the_o left_a side_n and_o may_v and_o can_v towards_o the_o low_a corner_n on_o the_o same_o side_n see_v fig._n 20._o the_o sign_n of_o the_o subjunctive_a mood_n when_o if_o and_o see_v be_v always_o to_o be_v read_v before_o the_o person_n there_o be_v no_o difficulty_n in_o they_o see_v figure_n 20._o adhuc_fw-la 21._o when_o a_o question_n begin_v with_o any_o of_o these_o word_n do_v do_v have_v have_v will_n shall_v write_v the_o person_n that_o follow_v after_o any_o of_o those_o word_n and_o put_v a_o prick_n close_o to_o the_o back_n of_o the_o person_n to_o show_v that_o it_o be_v a_o question_n and_o put_v the_o follow_a verb_n in_o its_o proper_a time_n see_v fig._n 21._o but_o if_o the_o word_n wish_v come_v after_o the_o person_n join_v the_o mark_n of_o the_o optative_a to_o it_o and_o put_v the_o verb_n in_o its_o proper_a time_n see_v fig._n 21._o if_o the_o word_n may_v can_v shall_v will_v etc._n etc._n come_v before_o the_o person_n they_o must_v be_v join_v to_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o it_o as_o former_o remember_v also_o to_o distinguish_v between_o may_v and_o might_n can_v and_o can_v and_o betwixt_o word_n of_o a_o passive_a signification_n and_o other_o according_a to_o former_a rule_n see_v further_o fig._n 21._o observe_v if_o the_o say_a word_n in_o ask_v a_o question_n shall_v come_v before_o any_o other_o word_n but_o the_o person_n the_o first_o letter_n of_o each_o of_o they_o must_v be_v write_v above_o the_o word_n they_o come_v before_o but_o remember_v to_o write_v may_v and_o can_v below_o the_o word_n see_v further_a fig._n 21._o note_v that_o though_o at_o first_o one_o will_v think_v this_o last_o rule_n be_v confound_v with_o that_o in_o number_n 17_o page_n yet_o there_o be_v no_o hazard_n of_o mistake_v one_o for_o the_o other_o for_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o potential_a mood_n in_o that_o rule_n be_v always_o to_o be_v put_v above_o or_o below_o a_o verb_n but_o here_o never_o of_o negative_a sentence_n 22._o when_o the_o word_n not_o never_o neither_o come_v either_o before_o a_o verb_n or_o any_o other_o word_n they_o may_v be_v express_v thus_o not_o by_o a_o shorthand_n n_o put_v upon_o the_o back_n of_o the_o first_o letter_n of_o the_o word_n that_o follow_v it_o never_o by_o the_o same_o dash_v through_o neither_o by_o a_o shorthand_n the_o join_v to_o the_o head_n of_o the_o n._n see_v the_o example_n fig._n 22._o of_o contract_v little_a word_n when_o they_o come_v together_o 23._o many_o time_n little_a word_n come_v together_o may_v be_v join_v so_o as_o to_o be_v much_o shorten_v especial_o if_o all_o of_o they_o end_n and_o begin_v with_o vowel_n or_o if_o the_o former_a end_n with_o the_o vowel_n and_o the_o latter_a begin_v with_o h_z as_o come_v on_o for_o come_v on_o to_o we_o for_o to_o we_o t'im_v for_o to_o he_o and_o often_o when_o the_o first_o word_n end_v with_o a_o consonant_a and_o the_o latter_a begin_v with_o a_o vowel_n as_o think_v on_o it_o for_o think_v on_o it_o the_o rule_n for_o such_o abbreviation_n be_v these_o when_o two_o or_o more_o word_n come_v together_o one_o whereof_o end_n with_o a_o vowel_n and_o the_o other_o begin_v with_o a_o vowel_n or_o h_z the_o last_o vowel_n in_o the_o first_o word_n may_v be_v leave_v out_o and_o the_o first_o consonant_a of_o the_o next_o may_v be_v put_v in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o vowel_n that_o go_v before_o it_o as_o take_v n_o for_o take_v on_o where_o e_o be_v leave_v out_o in_o take_v and_o n_o put_v in_o the_o place_n of_o o_o against_o k_o and_o so_o word_n beginning_n with_o h_z after_o one_o that_o either_o end_n with_o a_o consonant_a or_o vowel_n h_o may_v be_v leave_v out_o and_o the_o consonant_a which_o come_v next_o after_o it_o may_v be_v put_v in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o vowel_n that_o go_v before_o it_o as_o take_v n_o m_z for_o take_v on_o he_o where_o m_o be_v put_v in_o the_o place_n of_o i_o against_o n_o and_o h_z leave_v out_o when_o one_o word_n end_n with_o a_o consonant_a and_o another_o begin_v with_o a_o vowel_n write_v the_o consonant_a which_o come_v after_o the_o say_a vowel_n in_o the_o place_n of_o it_o against_o the_o consonant_a before_o it_o as_o break_v open_o write_v the_o p_o in_o the_o place_n of_o o_o against_o the_o k._n see_v the_o example_n of_o fig._n 23._o of_o contrariety_n when_o word_n or_o sentence_n which_o be_v just_o contrary_a one_o to_o another_o come_v together_o the_o contrary_a part_n may_v be_v signify_v by_o a_o backward_a c_o thus_o good_a &_o for_o good_a and_o bad_a heaven_n &_o for_o heaven_n and_o hell_n whosoever_o believe_v in_o christ_n jesus_n

thus_o h_z m_z and_o then_o you_o be_v at_o a_o loss_n again_o where_o to_o dispose_v of_o your_o follow_a letter_n and_o so_o of_o all_o word_n of_o these_o sort_n but_o both_o these_o inconvenience_n be_v avoid_v here_o as_o you_o may_v see_v by_o look_v upon_o figure_n 3_o in_o the_o copper_n plate_n 4._o all_z other_o have_v enjoin_v the_o proper_a character_n of_o a_o vowel_n to_o be_v write_v when_o it_o begin_v a_o word_n instead_o thereof_o i_o have_v order_v a_o prick_n to_o be_v put_v in_o the_o vowel_n place_n which_o be_v soon_o write_v than_o any_o other_o character_n and_o will_v be_v also_o more_o beautiful_a 5._o whereas_o other_o have_v only_o give_v a_o general_a hint_n and_o some_o few_o instance_n to_o leave_v out_o superfluous_a letter_n i_o have_v give_v a_o particular_a account_n of_o they_o all_o with_o direction_n to_o know_v when_o they_o be_v to_o be_v leave_v out_o which_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o considerable_a help_n to_o the_o young_a who_o can_v discern_v they_o and_o the_o elder_n who_o have_v not_o leisure_n to_o consider_v which_o they_o be_v 6._o i_o have_v give_v you_o such_o rule_n for_o exchange_a letter_n of_o like_a sound_n by_o which_o one_o may_v often_o serve_v for_o two_o or_o three_o and_o such_o a_o plain_a table_n of_o syllable_n for_o beginning_n and_o end_v of_o word_n as_o have_v more_o dependence_n upon_o the_o alphabet_n than_o any_o yet_o extant_a 7._o you_o have_v here_o rule_v how_o to_o express_v the_o word_n of_o to_z with_o from_o by_z and_o for_o without_o write_v any_o thing_n for_o they_o and_o such_o a_o short_a way_n of_o express_v the_o small_a particle_n a_o the_o this_o that_o these_fw-mi those_z and_o the_o pronoun_n we_o you_o they_o etc._n etc._n and_o the_o degree_n of_o comparison_n or_o the_o word_n more_o most_o than_o of_o the_o among_o they_o etc._n etc._n as_o be_v never_o hitherto_o publish_v by_o any_o 8._o such_o rule_n for_o shorten_v the_o person_n mood_n and_o tense_n as_o will_v be_v of_o exceed_v good_a use_n whereby_o the_o word_n thou_o he_o we_o you_o they_o let_v wish_v may_v can_v might_n oughts_z will_v shall_v may_v or_o can_v hereafter_o be_v contract_v the_o word_n do_v am_z be_v have_v have_v shall_v and_o will_v be_v leave_v out_o 9_o the_o mood_n tense_n and_o person_n be_v improve_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n in_o sentence_n interrogatory_n and_o negative_a 10._o you_o have_v here_o rule_v for_o contract_v of_o short_a word_n when_o they_o come_v together_o and_o for_o abreviate_a of_o long_a word_n express_v of_o contrariety_n and_o repetition_n as_o short_a as_o any_o yet_o extant_a which_o be_v well_o advert_v to_o will_v sufficient_o supply_v the_o want_n of_o and_o be_v much_o more_o useful_a and_o practicable_a than_o such_o table_n wherewith_o some_o author_n abound_v which_o have_v neither_o sufficient_a dependence_n upon_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o alphabet_n nor_o do_v natural_o represent_v the_o thing_n signify_v and_o consequent_o be_v 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12._o you_o have_v also_o a_o specimen_fw-la of_o other_o table_n with_o direction_n how_o to_o compose_v they_o if_o so_o be_v you_o approve_v of_o they_o i_o desire_v the_o ingenuous_a reader_n before_o he_o give_v his_o censure_n of_o the_o work_n to_o consider_v well_o the_o constant_a use_n there_o will_v be_v of_o the_o abovementioned_a rule_v for_o shorten_v and_o leave_v out_o of_o word_n which_o be_v so_o common_a in_o all_o discourse_n and_o in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o consider_v the_o natural_a method_n in_o which_o they_o be_v lay_v down_o so_o as_o they_o may_v be_v quick_o learn_v and_o not_o burdensome_a to_o the_o memory_n to_o retain_v and_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o he_o will_v easy_o be_v persuade_v that_o beside_o the_o removal_n of_o former_a difficulty_n there_o be_v a_o very_a considerable_a essay_n make_v here_o towards_o the_o improvement_n if_o not_o perfection_n of_o shorthand_n i_o shall_v conclude_v with_o some_o direction_n for_o the_o better_a learning_n this_o art._n 1._o you_o be_v desire_v either_o to_o unfold_v the_o engraven_a sheet_n at_o pag._n in_o which_o the_o example_n be_v and_o let_v it_o lie_v before_o you_o turn_v from_o the_o rule_n to_o the_o example_n in_o the_o say_a sheet_n to_o which_o the_o number_n will_v direct_v you_o or_o to_o cut_v it_o out_o that_o you_o may_v have_v it_o ready_a on_o all_o occasion_n and_o by_o lay_v the_o book_n upon_o it_o and_o move_v it_o to_o the_o several_a example_n they_o will_v be_v as_o ready_o see_v against_o every_o rule_n as_o if_o they_o be_v write_v on_o the_o same_o page_n the_o reason_n of_o my_o take_v this_o course_n be_v both_o to_o avoid_v the_o expense_n of_o engrave_v the_o whole_a book_n and_o because_o i_o judge_v it_o a_o ready_a way_n of_o teach_v for_o have_v once_o read_v over_o and_o understand_v the_o rule_n the_o unfolding_n of_o this_o sheet_n and_o look_v upon_o the_o example_n will_v instruct_v you_o sufficient_o without_o turn_v to_o the_o book_n the_o sheet_n be_v also_o more_o portable_a upon_o all_o occasion_n 2._o learn_v but_o a_o little_a at_o a_o time_n lest_o you_o make_v it_o burdensome_a to_o yourself_o the_o best_a way_n be_v to_o write_v the_o example_n over_o and_o over_o till_o you_o can_v do_v they_o ready_o but_o be_v not_o discourage_v though_o you_o can_v read_v what_o you_o write_v at_o first_o for_o that_o be_v common_a to_o all_o beginner_n 3._o observe_v there_o be_v several_a thing_n peculiar_a to_o the_o scotish_n dialect_n which_o be_v mark_v saint_n so_o that_o the_o english_a learner_n may_v omit_v they_o and_o that_o there_o be_v several_a anglicism_n or_o thing_n peculiar_a to_o the_o english_a dialect_n which_o be_v mark_v a_o so_o that_o my_o countryman_n may_v do_v therein_o as_o they_o judge_v best_a 4._o if_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n you_o do_v not_o understand_v advise_v with_o those_o of_o ripe_a year_n and_o understanding_n 5._o such_o as_o have_v learn_v other_o short-hand_n and_o desire_v a_o 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consonant_n it_o must_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o letter_n i_o and_o five_o come_v before_o themselves_o or_o any_o other_o vowel_n in_o the_o same_o syllable_n be_v consonant_n as_o in_o the_o word_n judah_n virtue_n 2._o when_o two_o or_o more_o consonant_n come_v together_o they_o must_v be_v join_v one_o to_o another_o without_o take_v off_o the_o pen._n the_o most_o difficult_a be_v give_v you_o for_o example_n in_o the_o copper_n plate_n at_o the_o figure_n 2._o but_o all_o of_o they_o except_o the_o and_o wh_z be_v the_o letter_n of_o the_o alphabet_n and_o so_o will_v be_v easy_o learn_v 3._o how_o to_o express_v the_o vowel_n when_o a_o word_n begin_v or_o end_v with_o a_o vowel_n the_o say_a vowel_n must_v not_o be_v express_v by_o its_o proper_a character_n but_o by_o a_o

reign_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr sovereign_a sovereign_a  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr foreign_a foreign_a  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr length_n length_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr strength_n strength_n s_o gh_o when_o it_o come_v between_o a_o vowel_n and_o it_o rit_n right_a at_fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr mit_fw-fr might_n at_fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr sit_fw-la sight_n  _fw-fr ugh_o after_o a_o vowel_n through_o through_o  _fw-fr h_o when_o it_o come_v in_o the_o end_n of_o a_o word_n after_o a_o vowel_n it_o may_v be_v leave_v out_o in_o the_o word_n he_o when_o the_o forego_n word_n end_v with_o a_o consonant_a or_o with_o e_o after_o a_o consonant_a or_o with_o h_z and_o when_o it_o come_v after_o r_o and_o after_o c_o as_o and_o after_o x_o sela_n selah_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr noa_n noah_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr let_v he_o let_v he_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr hurt_v he_o hurt_v he_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr smite_v he_o smite_v he_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr take_v he_o take_v he_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr catch_v he_o catch_v he_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr reach_v he_o reach_v he_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr retorik_n rhetoric_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr rum_o rheum_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr scem_fw-la scheme_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr scolar_n scholar_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr xort_fw-fr exhort_v  _fw-fr l_o in_o the_o word_n will_v and_o shall_v before_o not_o and_o by_o scotish_n man_n and_o those_o of_o the_o north_n of_o england_n after_o a_o so_o before_o f_o will_v will_v not_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr shall_v shall_v not_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr sma_fw-la small_a s_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr fa_fw-it fall_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr ca_fw-mi call_v  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr haf_n half_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr caf_a calf_n  _fw-fr n_o when_o it_o come_v after_o m_o in_o the_o same_o syllable_n contem_fw-la contemn_v s_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr condemn_v condemn_v  _fw-fr p_o when_o it_o come_v between_o m_o and_o t_o contemt_fw-mi contempt_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr xmt_fw-mi exempt_a  _fw-fr t_o before_z ch_z and_o after_o p_o stretch_v stretch_v  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr corrup_n corrupt_v s_o the_o in_o the_o word_n they_o these_o those_z when_o the_o word_n go_v before_o end_n with_o e_o or_o a_o consonant_a take_v m_o take_v they_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr write_v we_o write_v these_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr take_v we_o take_v those_o  _fw-fr w_n may_v be_v leave_v out_o before_o r_o and_o sometime_o before_o h._n rit_fw-fr write_v at_fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr haul_v whole_a a_o of_o exchange_v letter_n many_o time_n one_o letter_n may_v be_v exchange_v for_o another_o and_o so_o one_o serve_v for_o two_o observe_v the_o follow_a table_n c_o ch_n baruc_n baruch_n a_o f_o ph_n filip_n philip._n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr gh_fw-mi laf_fw-mi laugh_fw-mi at_fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr tuf_fw-fr tough_a  _fw-fr k_o ct_a ak_a act_n s_o  _fw-fr ck_n attak_v attack_z  _fw-fr write_v x_o for_o cc_o x_n access_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr k_n thanx_n thanks_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr ct_n distrix_fw-la district_n s_o s_o ce_fw-fr defence_n defence_n  _fw-fr q_o cue_n qery_a query_n  _fw-fr sh_z sci_fw-la conshen_n conscience_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr tio_fw-la conshenshus_fw-la conscientious_a  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr conshonabl_a conscionable_a  _fw-fr the_o learner_n be_v desire_v to_o write_v over_o the_o example_n in_o these_o table_n until_o they_o can_v ready_o write_v they_o leave_v out_o the_o superfluous_a letter_n the_o benefit_n they_o will_v quick_o find_v in_o exercise_v they_o in_o the_o shorthand_n letter_n the_o reader_n be_v refer_v to_o fig._n 7._o in_o the_o copper_n plate_n for_o syllable_n to_o begin_v and_o end_v word_n and_o example_n how_o to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o say_a syllable_n the_o learner_n be_v also_o desire_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o any_o consonant_a be_v dash_v through_o in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o respective_a vowel_n the_o say_a dash_n signify_v be_v er_fw-mi it_z or_o ur_fw-la and_o that_o a_o very_a little_a line_n over_o or_o under_o a_o word_n if_o it_o be_v only_o so_o big_a as_o to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o a_o prick_n signify_v the_o word_n over_o and_o under_o and_o that_o a_o shorthand_n p_o join_v above_o any_o word_n signify_v upon_o see_v the_o example_n for_o each_o in_o fig._n 7._o 8._o how_o to_o write_v the_o small_a word_n a_o the_o this_o these_o those_z that_o for_o a_o write_v a_o prick_n above_o the_o word_n towards_o the_o left-hand_a for_o the_o a_o prick_n over_o it_o to_o the_o right_n for_o this_o and_o these_o write_v two_o prick_n in_o the_o line_n asquint_o go_v upward_o from_o the_o left_a to_o the_o right-hand_a for_o those_o write_v two_o prick_n in_o the_o line_n asquint_o go_v downward_o the_o same_o way_n for_o that_o write_v a_o prick_n under_o the_o line_n towards_o the_o right-hand_a see_v the_o example_n of_o each_o in_o in_o fig._n 8._o 9_o the_o word_n my_o thy_o he_o we_o you_o they_o be_v call_v possessive_a pronoun_n and_o must_v be_v write_v thus_o for_o my_o or_o i_o write_v a_o prick_n high_o than_o the_o line_n at_o a_o equal_a distance_n from_o the_o word_n that_o go_v before_o it_o and_o that_o which_o follow_v for_o thy_o and_o thou_o write_v a_o prick_n in_o the_o middle_n betwixt_o the_o word_n for_o his_o write_v a_o prick_n against_o the_o low_a corner_n in_o the_o middle_n betwixt_o the_o word_n for_o we_o double_v the_o prick_n in_o the_o first_o place_n for_o you_o double_v they_o in_o the_o second_o for_o they_o double_v they_o in_o the_o three_o see_v at_o fig._n 9_o for_o the_o example_n if_o the_o word_n self_n come_v after_o any_o of_o these_o word_n which_o frequent_o happen_v write_v a_o very_a small_a shorthand_n be_v under_o the_o say_a word_n if_o the_o word_n own_o which_o also_o frequent_o happen_v come_v after_o add_v one_o prick_n more_o under_o the_o say_a word_n see_v the_o example_n at_o figure_n 9_o 10._o how_o to_o express_v the_o word_n of_o to_z with_o from_o for_o by_z for_o of_o write_v the_o follow_a word_n a_o little_a high_o than_o the_o line_n off_o from_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o word_n that_o come_v before_o it_o see_v fig._n 10._o for_o to_o write_v the_o follow_a word_n near_o to_o it_o in_o the_o same_o place_n but_o remember_v to_o keep_v such_o distance_n as_o that_o it_o may_v not_o be_v mistake_v as_o part_v of_o the_o former_a word_n for_o with_o write_v the_o word_n that_o follow_v it_o near_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o word_n that_o go_v before_o it_o keep_v due_a distance_n to_o avoid_v mistake_n for_o from_o write_v the_o follow_a word_n at_o a_o double_a distance_n from_o the_o word_n that_o go_v before_o it_o for_o by_o write_v the_o follow_a word_n near_o to_o the_o under_o corner_n of_o that_o which_o go_v before_o it_o but_o so_o as_o you_o may_v keep_v a_o due_a distance_n from_o that_o word_n for_o for_o write_v the_o follow_a word_n in_o the_o same_o place_n at_o a_o great_a distance_n see_v the_o example_n at_o fig._n 10._o but_o in_o case_n the_o learner_n think_v these_o rule_n intricate_a or_o hard_a to_o observe_v i_o refer_v he_o to_o figure_v 11._o where_o there_o be_v other_o way_n to_o express_v the_o say_a word_n as_o short_a as_o any_o have_v hitherto_o be_v publish_v and_o which_o must_v be_v use_v however_o when_o such_o word_n begin_v a_o line_n and_o before_o the_o possessive_a pronoun_n observe_v fig._n 11._o 12._o how_o to_o write_v the_o degree_n of_o comparison_n when_o the_o word_n more_o which_o the_o latin_n call_v the_o sign_n of_o the_o comparative_a degree_n come_v to_o be_v write_v it_o may_v be_v signify_v by_o a_o little_a mark_n towards_o the_o left-hand_a see_v fig._n 12._o the_o word_n than_o come_v very_o often_o after_o word_n of_o the_o comparative_a degree_n which_o may_v be_v know_v either_o by_o this_o word_n more_o which_o be_v the_o sign_n of_o it_o or_o by_o its_o last_o syllable_n which_o in_o the_o english_a language_n always_o end_v in_o er_fw-ge and_o be_v either_o compare_v with_o other_o or_o itself_o as_o wise_a than_o he_o be_v wise_a than_o you_o i_o say_v in_o such_o case_n the_o word_n than_o may_v be_v leave_v out_o for_o it_o can_v but_o be_v read_v by_o the_o sense_n when_o the_o word_n most_o which_o the_o latin_n call_v the_o sign_n of_o the_o superlative_a degree_n be_v to_o be_v write_v it_o may_v be_v signify_v by_o the_o same_o mark_n as_o the_o comparative_a degree_n only_o set_v towards_o the_o right-hand_a see_v fig._n 12._o the_o word_n of_o the_o in_o the_o among_o they_o etc._n etc._n do_v often_o come_v after_o the_o word_n of_o the_o superlative_a degree_n which_o be_v know_v either_o by_o this_o sign_n most_o or_o by_o its_o last_o syllable_n which_o in_o the_o english_a language_n be_v always_o in_o est_fw-la or_o st_z and_o speak_v always_o of_o a_o person_n or_o thing_n