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A41670 A learned and very useful commentary on the whole epistle to the Hebrews wherein every word and particle in the original is explained ... : being the substance of thirty years Wednesdayes lectures at Black-fryers, London / by that holy and learned divine Wiliam Gouge ... : before which is prefixed a narrative of his life and death : whereunto is added two alphabeticall tables ... Gouge, William, 1578-1653.; Gouge, Thomas, 1605-1681. 1655 (1655) Wing G1391; ESTC R34210 2,433,641 1,664

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to be made without hands Col. 2. 11. By setting down this point negatively thus Christ is not entred c. It appears that things made by man are not comparable to the things made by God In which respect they are set in opposition one to the other thus which the Lord pitched and 〈◊〉 man Chap. 8. v. 2. § 6. The other oppositions about this phrase do prove as much As the workmen are so are their works but man is not comparable to God nor his works This discovers the folly of many who though they have reasonable and understanding souls whereby they may know the difference betwixt things made with hands and without hands yet preferr the former before the latter and that both in matters of Religion and in other things also How superstitiously did the Jews do●…e upon the outward Temple Ier. 7. 4. and on the Ark 1 Sam. 4. 3. and yet regarded not true piety and purity of heart●… No nor their own souls which were the Temples of the Holy Ghost Thus many that carry the names of Christians are more addicted to goe and visit the ruines of that Temple at Ierusalem which was made with hands then to associate themselves with the true Church of God or to fit themselves for the heavenly place made without hands How are most men even in Gods Worship more taken with externall matters which are inventions of men and things made by men then with Spirit and truth notwithstanding the Father seeketh such to worship him Iohn 4. ●…3 This also may not unfitly be applyed to other things for what care doe Men and Women take to adorne their bodies their houses and other things and in the mean while neglect their souls O pray that you may approve things that are excellent Phil. 1. 10. duely distinguishing the things that differ and chuse that good part which shall not be taken away Luke 10 42. §. 122 Of the Legall holy places types of Heavenly places THe forementioned holy places under the Law are thus further described which are the figures of the true The Greek word here translated figures is not the same that was used v. 9. § ●…9 That signified a Parable or resemblance This properly signifieth a repereussion or smiting againe being compounded of a verbe that signifieth to smile and a preposition that signifieth against It is twice used in the New Testament here and 1 Pet. 3. 21. There it signifieth one type answerable to another Thus baptisme is said to be a like figure to the Arke both of them figuring and setting sorth one and the same thing in substance Here it is indefinitly taken for the simple noun and is translated patterne Chap. 8. v. 5. That it is here thus taken is evident by the word that is joyned withi●… translated true This hath reference to the holy places before mentioned they were types and figures of the true holy places namely Heaven as is afterward shewed This description of the holy places under the law intendeth the same things th●… these words Patternes of things in the Heavens did in the former verse The former word figures is a kind of extenuation the latter true is an amplification The holy places under the Law were but shaddows and in that respect but mean things but they were shaddowes of the true holy places which is Heaven it self and in that respect they were great and excellent things and of singular use Of these two points See v. 23. § 115 117. §. 123. Of Christs executing his Priesthood in Heaven THe Apostle having shewed into what places Christ entered not namely into those whereinto the High Priest under the Law entered he proceedeth to declare into what place he entered in these words But into Heaven it self The conjunction of opposition but implyeth this latter to be a far more excellent place then the former as the very name it self Heaven giveth proofe To make up the sentencefull the Nominative case and principal verbe is to be repeated out of the former part of the verse thus Christ is entered into Heaven i●… self This is spoken of Christ as our Priest and it taketh it for granted that Christ 〈◊〉 the true Priest of the New Testament See Chap. 2. v. 17. § 17●… The verbe translated entered is compounded with a preposition that signifieth In and the same preposition is set before the noune as if we translated it is entered into Heaven which sheweth that Christ attained to that which he aimed at and obtained a possession thereof even Heaven it self Heaven is here properly taken for that place of blisse where God most manifesteth his glory and where Christ abideth our Priest for ever He addeth this discriminating particle it self because the word Heaven is diversly used and sometimes for the kingdome of God here on earth yea it distinguisheth Heaven here meant from the type hereof This phrase Priest presupposeth that Christ was out of Heaven this is true of his human nature wherein he lived above 33 years on earth yea by reason of the union of the divine nature with the humane he is said to descend from Heaven Eph. 4. 9. Iohn 3. 13. He was for a time on earth that he might performe all works of service and suffering He entered into Heaven that he might continue to do all things that require Merit Power and Glory So as Heaven is the place where Christ continueth to execute his Priesthood See hereof more Chap. 4. v. 14. § 84. §. 124. Of Christs appearing in the presence of God for us THe end of Christs entering into Heaven is thus set down Now to appeare in the presence of God for us The verbe translated to appeare signifieth conspicuously to manifest It is sometimes taken in the worst part as to appeare against one as adversaries in law do and to informe against him Acts 24. 1. 25. 2. Sometimes it is taken in the better part to appeare for one as a Favourite before a Prince or as an Advocate or an Attorny before a Judge In this latter sense may it fitly be applyed to Christ who is Gods favourite Mat. 3. 17. And alwaies at Gods right hand ready on all occasions to present our Petitions to God and obtaine a gracious Answer and if he observe him incensed then to pacifie him Christ is also our Advocate and Attorny to plead our cause to answer our Adversaries and to procure judgement to passe on our side Iu these respects he is said to make intercession for us Hereof see more Chap. 7. v. 25. § 106. Christ is thus said to appeare in the presence of God to shew a difference betwixt him and the Priests under the Law They appeared before the Ark and the mercy seat thereon which was but a type of Gods presence Lev. 16. 2. But Christ in the most glorious presence of God as it were before his very face The word translated presence is derived from a
Supplication 1 Thess. 5. 23. 4. For Gratulation 1 Thess. 3. 8 9. 5. For Promise Mat. 10. 22. 6. For Threatning Heb. 10. 38. 7. For Recompence Rev. 12. 11. 8. For Revenge Act. 1. 17 18. Just and great Reason there is thus to presse this Point of Perseverance For 1. All the benefits that we can expect from any grace dependeth upon persevering therein Thereby the prize is obtained It is constancy that sets the Crown upon all good endeavours 2 Tim. 4. 7 8. 2. All Christian priviledges and divine promises are limited therewith as here in this Text If we hold fast If ye abide in me saith Christ Ioh. 15. 7. If y●… continue in the faith Col. 1. 23. 3. All the benefit of what hath formerly been done is lost if he hold not out to the end Ezek. 18. 24. As a man in a race who runs swiftly at first if he hold not out gets nothing by his former swiftnesse 4. Not the benefit only is lost but great damage ensueth thereupon The last state of that man is worse then the first Luk. 11. 26. As a man in ascending a Ladder if after he have got up many steps he let go his hold and fall down he doth not only lose the benefit of his former pains but also gets a bruised body and it may be broken bones whereby he is made lesse able to climb up again then he was before Hereupon it is said It had been better for them not to have known the way of righteousnesse then after they have known it to turn from the holy commandment How requisite it is for Saints to proceed and persist in grace Se●… The Saints Sacrifice on Psal. 116. 9. § 60. §. 70. Of Means for Perseverance TO help us on in holding out these graces following among others are 〈◊〉 usefull 1. Humility This is the Basis and foundation when the fore-mentioned 〈◊〉 is setled If an house want a foundation how can it stand especially ag●… storms and tempests Luke 6. 49. Christ saith that a man which builds a sure 〈◊〉 digs deep Luk. 6. 48. Digging deep is in an humble soul. Many promises are made to the humble Micah 6. 8. God giveth grace to the humble Prov. 3. 34. For 〈◊〉 very end we are forbidden to be high-minded lest we fall Rom. 11. 20. Self ●…ceitednesse and pride make men carelesse Revel 3. 17. and God is provoked ag●… such for he resisteth the proud Jam. 4. 6. 2. Sincerity This is an inward soundnesse If the foundation be not so●… the Ed●…sice cannot be well settled on it Soundnesse is that which maketh 〈◊〉 and endure Sappy rotten timber will quickly fail Counterfeit grace will 〈◊〉 last 3. A setled Resolution to hold out to the end I have sworn and I will persue it that I will keep thy righteous judgements saith a constant servant of the Lord 〈◊〉 119. 106. Nothing will daunt or turn back such an one See more hereof in 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ●…covery from Apostasie on Luk. 15. 31. § 44. 4. Iealousie Jealousie I say in regard of the temptations whereunto we 〈◊〉 subject and of our own weaknesse Satan is subtill 1 Pet. 5. 8. Sinne is dece●…full Heb. 3. 13. and we of our selves are foolish and prone to yeeld to sinne 〈◊〉 Satan If we be secure or carelesse we may be soon taken as birds in a net This a great cause of backsliding therefore we are oft admonished to fear Heb. 4. 1. R●… 11. 20. Phil. 2. 12. These two Resolution and Iealousie may well stand together if the former 〈◊〉 placed on Gods promises and the Spirits assistance and the later on temptat●… whereunto we are subject and our own weaknesse 5. Prudence For the manifestation hereof 1. Avoid occasions which may draw thee out of thy Christian course 〈◊〉 the Apostle intendeth under this phrase Cast away every weight Heb. 12. 1. 〈◊〉 avoid uncleannesse the Wise-man gives this advice Remove thy way sarre 〈◊〉 a strange woman and come not nigh the door of her house Prov. 5. 8. To pr●… this the further he useth these metaphors Can a man take fire in his b●…om 〈◊〉 his clothes not be burnt Can one go upon hot coles and his feet not be burnt Pro●… 6. 27 28. Peters thrusting himself among the servants and officers in the High-Priests hall was an occasion of the temptation which brought him to deny his ●…ster Ioh. 18. 16 17 18. 2. If occasions cannot be avoided but that thou beest forced to sojou●… 〈◊〉 Mese●…h and to dwell in the tents of Kedar Psal. 126. 5. then take heed of yee●…ing to temptations Stand out against them as Ioseph did Genes 39. 9. Rem●… righteous as Lot did in Sodom 2 Pet. 2. 8. Give no place to the devil Eph. 4 27. 〈◊〉 withstand sinne in the beginning It is not safe to dally with temptations If Satan get in a claw he will soon put in his whole paw and then head body 〈◊〉 all If waters make a little breach flouds will soon follow 3. If thou be overtaken with a temptation lie not in it but as soon as 〈◊〉 canst recover thy self Do as in this case Peter did So soon as he observed 〈◊〉 Lords beck and heard the Cock crow whereby he was put in minde of his sin●… presently he went out and wept bitterly Luk. 22. 60 61 62. 4. Being recovered take heed of falling back again A relapse is dange●… in bodily diseases Much more in spiritual The Spirit is much grieved thereby Christ gave this advice to a woman taken in adultery and forgiven Go and 〈◊〉 no more John 8. 11. This advice he backt with a strong reason thus Sin no 〈◊〉 lest a worse thing come unto thee John 5. 14. 6. Growth in grace By this we shall be the more strengthned and the 〈◊〉 enabled to hold out Use what means are prescribed to this purpose As new 〈◊〉 babes desire the sincere milk of the Word that you may grow thereby 1 Pet. 2. 2. S●… the gift of God which is in thee 2 Tim. 1. 6. Standing at a stay may occasion falling away In endeavours to grow in grace never think thou hast done enough but follow the Apostles advice Phil. 3. 13 14. 7. Walking with God By this he that never saw death pleased God all the dayes of his life compare Gen. 5. 24. with Heb. 11. 5. Of the emphasis of this phrase Walked with God See The Saints Sacrifice on Psal. 116. 9. § 58. Walking with God implieth a setting of God continually before our eyes This will make us to endeavour in all things to please him which the Apostle expresseth under this phrase Walk worthy of the Lord unto all pleasing Col. 1. 10. This will make us in all things to hold close to God and it will be an especial means to pull us in when we are about to start from God 8. Stedfast Expectation of the prize or reward that
therefore a Rest to the people of God THis verse sets down the conclusion of the Apostles Discourse concerning the rest of the Sabbath and of the Land of Canaan both which he had proved by sundry arguments not to be the rest intended by David Thereupon he inferreth this conclusion There remaineth a rest that is there is another kind of rest for Gods people to rest in This concluding particle Therefore doth demonstrate this to be a conclusion So it is used Rem 8. 1. Gal. 3. 7. This Conjunction is sometimes used by way of interrogation as Shall he finde faith Luk. 18. 8. So Act. 8. 30. Sometimes for confirmation of a point and tran●… no doubt and truly As No doubt the Kingdom of God is among you and 〈◊〉 ye 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Luk. 11. 20 48. Sometimes by way of addubitation or supposition and translated Perhaps Act. 8. 22. Haply Act. 17. 27. But most frequently it is used by way of inference and translated then as then are ye bastards Heb. 12. 8. This is in a manner all one as here in my Text Therefore An expresse setting down of a conclusion is an especiall means of making ones minde and meaning clear It shews what is the main intendment and what is especially to be observed It is like a white in the Bu●…t or a mark to such as shoot at rovers to direct the 〈◊〉 in drawing his bow and shooting out his arrow Or rather like to the lan●… in the Admirall Ship which directeth all the Ships in the Navy Thus the demonstration of the main conclusion gives great light to the whole Discourse §. 54. Of the Rest to be laboured after THat which is here inferred is that there is a Rest. The Greek word here translated Rest is no where else used throughout the New Testament not in any other Greek Author except in some of the Greek Fathers who have taken it from this place The notation of it is taken from an Hebrew word which signifieth Rest and soundeth Sabbath See § 31. Hereupon the last Translators have thus turned it in the Margin Keeping a Sabbath So as the rest here intended is not simply a lying sitting or standing still without doing any thing at all but a ceasing from such things as are done here in this world These are called our own works in the next verse Of the heavenly Rest here intended See § 6 8 9. This word doth fitly set forth the Rest that is to come For as God who rested on the Sabbath from creating new creatures yet did other works of providence and as Gods people here on earth who cease from the works of their calling on Sabbath daies yet do sundry works of piety and mercy which are proper to the Sabbath So in heaven the glorified Saints who rest from the works of this world do many celestiall works which are proper to that place and time These works are excellent and glorious in their kinde The Saints there have sufficient ability to perform them according to the minde of their Lord and withall there is in them a ready willingnesse and forwardnesse to put out their ability and that to the utmost in those works §. 55. Of Rest in Heaven from Troubles on earth THat which under the word here translated Rest the Apostle doth in speciall give us to understand is that there shall be a freedom from every thing that is toylsom and grievous in this world The wise man in Ecclesiastes declareth how full of outward molestations and inward vexations this world is and that as long as men abide therein Besides the many expressions that he hath of the vanity of the things of this world sometimes in way of aggravation doubling the word and adding this note of generality ALL unto it thus Vanity of vanity vanity of vanities all is vanity Eccl. 1. 2. 12. 8. and besides the labours travels and troubles that he there mentioneth ten severall times he useth this clause Vexation of spirit But in the Rest here mentioned they rest from their labours Rev. 14. 13. and all tears shall be wiped away from their eyes Rev. 21. 4. under labours all molestations of body are comprised and under tears all vexations of spirit Labours and troubles are not the things whereunto God hath ordained man as unto his ultimate end Man by sinne hath pulled them upon himself Sin was the cause of this doom upon the woman I will greatly multiply thy sorrow c. and of this upon the man In sorrow shalt thou eat c. Gen. 3. 16 17. From sin proceeded all manner of evils even evils of punishment Obj. The Lord himself saith I create evil Isa. 45. 7. Hereupon a Prophet maketh this inference Shall there be evil in a City and the Lord hath not done 〈◊〉 Amos 3. 6. Ans. By evil in those and other like places the just punishment of sin is intended That God is said to create and do in these respects 1. God ordained that sin should be punished 2. God by his providence ordereth the punishments which are inflicted on sin and that for the kinde measure and continuance thereof 3. The Ministers and means whereby sinners are punished are appointed and sent by God On these grounds we may conclude that Gods people shall for the present be sufficiently supported in their afflictions and at length be fully freed from all 1 Cor. 10. 13. Upon expectation of the soresaid freedom and rest it is just and equall both diligently to work the work of our Lord and Master all the working time of this our Pilgrimage and also patiently to endure whatsoever the Lord shall be pleased 〈◊〉 upon us Christ hath made himself a worthy pattern herein I must saith 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the works of him that sent me while it is day Joh. 9. 4. And Though He 〈◊〉 a Son yet learned he obedience by the things which he suffered Heb. 5. 8. There being a freedom and rest to come Christ had an eye thereto Heb. 12. 2. So had 〈◊〉 Heb. 11. 26. When we are pinched or grieved with any work travell trouble or affliction 〈◊〉 us call to minde and meditate on this freedom and rest Marrine●…s passe over 〈◊〉 boisterous and dangerous seas in hope of attaining to a quiet haven Labourers toyl all the day in hope of rest at night So others in other cases Expe●… of freedom rest and recompence upholds their spirits yet they may ●…ail of their expectation But they for whom this rest is prepared shall not 〈◊〉 thereof What then should we not do what should we not endure in hope of this rest The 〈◊〉 because hope thereof is certain and sure If the joy honour and glory which will accompany this rest were duly 〈◊〉 it would much more stirre us up to this duty §. 56. Of Rest to come OF the soresaid Rest it is here said that it remaineth The same word is here used that was used before v. 6.