night In like manner ought they to be buried who for any occasion whatsoever are condemned and executed by Justice Let the Enemy also be interred after the same manner Enemy to be buried and let no dead man lye unburied after such time as he hath been judged and hath satisfied the Laws It is not lawful for any Hebrew to lend upon Usury neither money nor meat or I drink Deut. 23. for it is an unjust thing to make profit of the misery of those of our Nation but it is better to succour their necessities That which is borrowed must be paid and expect Gods retribution as a gain to them Exod. 22. 14. who practice such kind of benefits But they that have borrowed either money or any fruit dry or moist when by the favour and assistance of God they shall reap their own harvest and gather their fruit let them make a willing restitution to those that have lent them as if they had laid them up for themselves to possess at such time as they had need of them But if there be any so shameless as they will not make satisfaction yet let not the Creditor enter into their house to take a Pawn before the Judges have given order A pledge that the pledge be demanded at their door and then the debtor without contradiction shall bring it to him Deut. 24. 11 12 13. because it is not lawful K for him to oppose him that comes arm'd with the Law If he of whom the Pledge is taken have sufficient ability the Creditor may retain the Gage till such time as he be paid but if he be poor he shall restore him his Pawn before the Sun-set and especially if it be Garments with which he may cover himself in the night for God hath compassion on those that are Poor It is not lawful to receive in way of Gage either a Mill or ought else that belongeth thereunto lest any Debtor should be deprived of the necessary Instruments to provide his Victuals with and endure any misery through want of the means to get his living Let him that retaineth a Free-man in Bondage be punished with death Theft but he that hath stoln either Gold or Silver let him restore it two-fold If any man kill such as break into houses to rob L or that break their walls let not such an one be punished Whoso shall steal a Beast shall restore four times the value for it except it be an Ox for which he shall satisfie five-fold Exod 21. 2. ad 7. and if the Thief want means to pay this penalty let him be their slave against whom he hath trespassed An Hebrew slave is to be set at liberty after seven years and at whose suâ—e he is condemned If any one be sold unto one of his own Tribe let him serve him six years and in the seventh year he shall depart with liberty But if during the time that he remaineth with the buyer he beget any Child upon a female fellow slave and that he be willing to serve by reason of the good affection that he bareth unto the house Deut. 15. 12. ad 19. in the year of Jubile which hapneth every fiftieth year let him be set at liberty Goods that are â—ound leading away with him his Children and Wife with freedom If any man find Money or Gold by the M way let him seek out him that hath lost it and make known the place where he found it to the intent he may restore it knowing that the profit is not good which cometh by another man's injury The like is to be done with Beasts for if any man find them strayed in the Desart and find not out the owner let him presently keep them by him taking God to witness that he has no design to detain with him another man's goods If any man find another mans Beasts myred or bog'd let him not pass further but succor them and help to save them as if they were his own Let each man direct the ignorant Traveller in his way and set him in the right path if he wander Deut. 22. without deluding him or hindring him in his necessity or mis-leading him in his journey The Law of violence Let no man speak ill of him that is either absent or deaf If N any man be strucken in a quarrel and it be not with a weapon let him that struck him be presently punished by receiving the like number of blows as he hath given But if he be carried into his house and lye sick upon it divers dayes and in the end dye thereof he that struck him shall not be punisht as a Murderer And if he escape and during the time of his sickness hath been greatly hindered and charged then let him that struck him pay all the charges he hath been at during the time he kept his Bed and satisfie the Physitians He that with his foot shall strike a woman with Child if the woman miscarry he shall be by the Judges amerced in a summe of money for that he hath lessened the number of the people by the loss of him that is dead in his Mothers Womb. Let him likewise be condemned to pay a summe of money unto O the Husband but if the woman dye of the stroke he that offered the violence shall be punisht with death because the Law justly requireth that Life be satisfied with Life A Let not any one among the Israelites use any mortal Poyson or Drug that may do hurt to any man and if any be found with such things about him let him dye because it is just that he suffer the evil which he had prepared for another Whoso hath maimed any man or pull'd out his eye let him in like manner be maimed and blinded being deprived of the same member of his body whereof he hath deprived another man except he that is maimed had rather have a pecuniary amends for the Law remitteth it to the election of the offended Poyson to estimate his injury and if he will be more severe Exod. 21. 23. he may Levit. 24. 20. If any one have an Ox that striketh with his horn let him kill him Talions Law and if the same Ox striketh and killeth any man in the Field or Mow let him be stoned to death Deut. 19. 21. and let no man eat the flesh thereof And if it be proved B that the Master hath heretofore known the quality of the Beast and hath not taken order he should do no harm Of an Ox striking with his horn let him also be put to death as being the author of the murther committed by the Ox. But if the said Ox kill a slave either Male or Female he shall be stoned Exod. 11. 28 29 32. and the owner thereof shall pay thirty Sicles to the Master of the slave that is slain If one Ox be strucken
by another so as he dye thereof let both of them both that which was dead and that which struck the other to death be sold and the price thereof parted equally betwixt both the owners They that dig a Pit or Cistern Deut. 21 33 34 35. must be careful that they inclose and fence it with Planks or Bars A Pit not to hinder any man from drawing water but lest any man by misfortune fall into the same And if any man's Beast fall into the same unfenced Pit the owner C of the Pit shall pay to the owner of the Beast the price thereof Also a Wall shall be made round the roofs of houses Deut. 24. to the end no body may fall from thence Let him that receiveth any thing in trust keep it carefully as a thing sacred and let neither man nor woman attempt to alien that which is committed to his custody although thereby he might gain much Gold and although there were no man that could convince him thereof For since the conscience knoweth the same every one ought to endeavor to deal uprightly and supposing himself a sufficient witness against himself let him do those things which are laudable in the sight of men but especially that which is pleasing to God from whose sight no wrongful dealing is concealed If notwithstanding he to whom this trust is committed shall chance without any fraud D on his part to lose the thing that is so left in trust let him present himself before seven Judges In the same place and there take an oath that nothing is lost by his will or consent and that he hath not converted any part thereof to his own use whereupon let him be dismissed without any further inquiry But if he have made use of the least part of that which hath been committed to his charge and trust and that he happen to lose it Levit. 19. 13. he shall be condemned to restore all that was committed to his keeping As it hath been ordained in matters of trust Hire the like is decreed touching Hire due unto the Labourer Deut. 24. 18 19. let each man take heed lest he defraud a Poor Man of his Hire knowing that God gave him his Hands instead of Lands and other possessions Children are not to be punished for their parents offences For which cause the payment of Hire ought not to be deferred but satisfied the same day by E reason that God permitteth not that the Labourer should lose the fruit of his travel The Children shall not be punished for the misdeeds of their Parents for if they be virtuous and are begotten by lewd Fathers they rather deserve that men should have compassion of them than hate them neither are the offences of the Children to be imputed to the Parents by reason that youth oftentimes engageth it self in those follies Eunuchs which it never learned by examples and for which it endureth not to be reproved Deut. 23. 1. Voluntary Eunuchs are to be detested and their company to be fled because they have deprived themselves of the means which God hath given to men for the encrease of mankind Such people therefore are to be driven far from us and esteemed wholly inexcusable as having kill'd their children before they be born F For it is a matter very manifest that their spirits being effeminate their bodies also are degenerate Each thing also that is monstrous to behold is to be driven away neither is it lawful to Geld either Men or Beasts Let this be the disposition of those Laws wherewith you shall be Policied and Governed in time of Peace to the end God may be favourable unto you and I beseech him to give you grace to use them in good order and without alteration And since it cannot otherwise be but that humane affairs must sometimes fall into troubles and dangers sometimes beyond desire and expectation and sometimes of set purpose I will briefly give you some advice touching that point to the intent that being fore-instructed of that which you ought to do you may prevent and not fall into any danger and calamity G I wish that when you have conquered the Countrey which God hath design'd for you by his assistance and your labour you may possess the same in security and peace and that Strangers may not levy Armies to overthrow you nor any civil Mutiny be raised amongst you which may cause what hath been well order'd and decreed H by your Ancestors to come to nought when you shall abandon the Laws which God hath given you Live therefore and persist to conform your selves to those Laws which both God hath approved for good and hath also given you But if perhaps you or your successors hereafter The Laws of War shall be oblig'd to undertake a War I wish it may happen without the Confines of your Countrey but if the matter must needs be tried by the Sword Deut. 20. 10. you shall send certain Heralds to your declared Enemies Heralds to be sent For before you enter battel it shall be requisite first of all to parley with them and to declare unto them that you have a great Army and Horses and Weapons and besides all these that you have Gods favour and assistance and you shall desire them that you may not be enforced to War against them nor to make booty of their Goods and to carry them I away captive If they condescend to any reasonable conditions then entertain Peace but if they contemn this proposal you shall lead forth your Army against them having God for your General and Soveraign Conductor and for his Lieutenant him whom you your selves shall chuse surpassing all the rest in Valor For when there are divers Commanders it falleth out that that which ought readily to be executed is hindered and commonly the issue is unfortunate Let your Army generally consist of men that are strong in body and hardy in courage and remove from your Army him that is fearful lest such men hapning to fly when they ought to fight give your Enemies the advantage Let them also be free from War who having built a new house have not enjoyed the same for a years space as also he that hath planted a Vineyard and K hath not gathered the fruit thereof and besides these he that hath wedded a Wife and hath not as yet brought her home to his house lest through the desire of these things and of reserving themselves to their dear forsaken pleasures they fight but faintly and coldly But when you have brought your Army into the field Deut 20. 20. take heed you commit no outrage Fruitful trees are not to be cut down and when you shall assault any Cities if you fortune to need Wood to make Engines of see you cut not down Fruit Trees but spare them remembring that they are planted for the good of men and that if they
as the Archers Quivers were emptied and if so be that the Romans should offer to make bridges then they employ all their courage to repel them and now fight not to defend but as it were to revenge their Country being in a manner already lost and make those feel the effects of their just fury The cries of Women and Children in the Battle whose cruelty would doubtless after the taking of the place shed the blood of their Fathers Children and Wives such were the orders which Joseph gave In the mean time the weaker multitude Women and Children seeing the City compassed about with three ranks of Horsemen and the Romans with their Swords drawn pressing against the breach and all the Mountains about shining K with their enemies weapons and the Arabians ready to let fly a Shower of Arrows they cried out as though the City were already taken so that a man would have judged them already under their Enemies Swords and not only in danger to fall into their hands Wherefore Joseph commanded the Women to their houses lest their cries should dismay his Souldiers willing them likewise to keep silence and threatned them if they did not and so he marched to the breach which place fell to his lot He gave not much heed to them that sought to scale the Walls but only minded what effect the terrible Storme of the Enemies Arrows would produce As soon as the Trumpets began to sound the Air became obscured with the multitude of Arrows Josephs Companions remembring the charge given them stopped their L Ears The War of the Romans with the Jews upon the Bridge and cover'd their bodies against the shot of arrows And as soon as the bridges were set against the Wall presently they fell on and before the Romans could enter upon them they repell'd them back with great prowess and courage which the greatness of the danger did not abate but increase so that they did not give one foot back till either they kill'd or were killed But the Jews had not any fresh men to second those that were tired and the Romans still as they were wearied sent fresh supplies and joyning together their long shields exhorting one another they became as it were a wall of defence invincible and the whole Army like one body beat back the Jews The Jews pour scâ—lding Oyle upon the Romans and so set foot on the Walls Joseph in this desperate case devised a new way to repel this present danger he commanded the Jews to fetch scalding Oyl which M they had ready and pour it upon the Romans and also cast the Pans upon them This device broke the body of the Romans so that through great pains they fell from the Wall for the Scalding Oyl easily got between their flesh and Armour and scorched them like fire being easily heated and long continuing hot by reason of the fatness The Romans being loaden with Helmets and Breast-plates could not retire so nimbly as was requisite so that some leapt down off the bridg and others died of the pain others would fain have retired themselves but could not because their Enemies followed them so hard But neither the Romans wanted vertue and valour in adverse fortune nor the Jews prudence For the Romans notwithstanding they were in intolerable pain being Scalded with hot Oyl yet they freshly assaulted them that hurt them N desirous to shew their courage Then the Jews used another device to make them retire for they poured boyled Fenigreek upon the bridge so that they slid down and neither they that would have fled nor they who strove to assault the Jews could stand upon their feet it was so slippery and many falling down upon the bridge were by their own Company trodden to death others slid down upon the Rampier and always as they fell the Jews struck them and when the Romans were retired from the place The Romans retire 〈◊〉 hout obtaining thâ—ir purpose so that now they were not forced to handy blowes they had leisure to shoot Arrows and Darts against them When Vespasian saw that his men in the fight endured much misery towards evening he caused them to retire many being slain and more wounded only six men of Jotapata were slain but above 300 wounded this fight O was upon the 20. day of June But after Vespasian had comforted his Souldiers for A that which had hapned perceiving that they were enrag'd and desired to fight to revenge themselves so that they needed no exhortation he raised the Rampier higher and erected three Towers 50 foot high covering them aloft with Iron that so by reason of their weight they might stand stedfast and not be consumed by fire these he placed upon the Rampier Vespasian erecteth higher Platforms and Towers and in them Archers and men that cast Darts and such like who not being perceived of them that were upon the Walls by reason of the highness of the Towers and the covering thereof easily wounded them who stood thereon So the Jews when they could not avoid the Arrows nor be revenged upon them whom they could not see The Citizens of Jotapata valiantly sustain the siege nor yet fire the Towers being covered with plates of Iron forsook the Walls yet they always encountred with them who sought to enter Thus the B people of Jotapata resisted notwithstanding that many every day were slain and that they did their Enemies no harm without great danger to themselves CHAP. XI How Japha was taken by Trajan and Titus AT this time Vespasian understood that Japha a City neer Jotapata minded to rebel C encouraged thereunto for that they heard how they of Jotapata had held out contrary to all expectation The taking in of Japha by Trajan wherefore he sent thither Trajan Governour of the tenth Legion and with him two thousand Foot and a thousand Horse who finding the Town able to resist and the Inhabitants prepared for fight and marched out to meet him for the Town being by situation strong enough was also compassed with a double Wall he fought with them and after a while put them to flight and in the pursute entred with them at the first Gate which the Citizens perceiving shut the second Gate not suffering their own Citizens to enter in lest the Enemies also should rush in with them as they had done into the first Gate Truly God gave this Victory unto the Romans and his will it was that most of the Valiant men of the City should D have their own Gates shut upon them and so fall into their Enemies hands who were most greedy to destroy them The Jews shut up by the Romans between two Walls are slain Many of them came to the gates and called those that kept them by their names pitifully intreating that they might come in which whilest they were kept out were butchered like Sheep being inclosed between two Walls their own Citizens having shut
the Thievs should take it from them The people flie with their money And when they had escaped to the Romans Camp they emptied their Bellies and found it again and had wherewithal to buy them necessaries Titus also permitted many to go away withersoever they pleased which caused divers to flie thereby to be delivered from the calamity which they endured in the City But John and Simon were as diligent to stop the ways lest the Citizens should escape as they were to hinder the Romans from entring into the City so that upon the least suspition of any mans flight he was presently put to death The richer sort whether they stayed or fled were slain for their wealth and possessions The Famine of the City A wonderful Famine in the City and the desperation of the Thieves increased alike every day and when no more Corn was to be found the Seditious persons brake into the houses D and searched every Corner to find Corn if in their search they found any they beat the owners thereof for denying it at first if they found none they tortured them for having hidden it The argument of store of meat Whosoever was strong of Body and in good liking they killed upon presumption that he had some secret stores or else he could not have been in so good plight and fat as he was They that were pined with Famine were slain because they thought it no offence to kill them who in a short time would die of themselves Many gave all they had for one bushel of Corn and shutting themselves up privately in their houses eat their Corn as it was unground others made bread thereof as necessity and fear required No man in the whole City sate down to eat his meat at the E Table but snatch'd it greedily from the fire and devoured it half raw and half roast Most miserable was this manner of living A miserable kind of living and a spectacle of great compassion and a spectacle which none without Tears was able to behold the strongest still got the most and the weakest bewailed their misery for now Famine was their greatest calamity And nothing doth arm men more than shame during this Famine no reverence was had towards any man Wives took the meat out of their Husbands mouths Children from their Parents and Mothers from their Infants which was the saddest spectacle of all No body had now any compassion neither did they spare their dearest Infants but suffered them to perish in their Arms by taking from them the very drops of Life Yet could they not eat in F such secrecy but some or other still came to take away from them that whereupon they fed For if in any place they saw a door shut they conjectured that they who were in the house were eating meat The souldieâ—s enter the houses and take the meat unchewed out of the Citizens mouths and forthwith breaking down the Doors they came in got them by the throat and took the meat halfe-chewed out of their mouths as it was ready to be swallowed down The old men were driven away and not permitted to keep and defend their food the Women were drawn up and down by the hair of the head for that they hid between their hands some part of their meat and would not forgo it No pity remained either to old age or infancy They took the young Babes their mouths full of meat and dashed them against the ground If any had prevented these Thieves and eaten their meat before they could get at them they were more cruelly and more tyrannously handled as having committed a greater offence against them G They devised most barbarous and cruel torments to extort food from others for they thrust sticks or such like into the cavity of mens yards and sharp thorny rods into their Fundaments and it is abominable to hear what the people endured to make them confess H one loaf of Bread or one handful of Corn which they had hidden These Miscreants did not yet for all this feel either hunger or thirst for then their impieties had been more tolerable but they did it only to exercise their cruelty preparing six days food for themselvs aforehand Some poor creatures eluding the Roman-Guards had been abroad in the night to gather Wood or Grass in the Field and returning into the City were rejoycing in their felicity having escaped the danger of the Enemy but they were seized by these miscreants their Herbs taken from them though gotten with the hazard of their lives denying them a small part of that for which they had undergone such danger yea they thought themselves obliged though robbed and spoiled if they escaped the Swords of these Tyrants These were the Calamities I which the baser sort of people endured at the hands of the common Souldiers but the Nobles chief Men of the City were led to their Officers The Honourable and Rich are drawn before the Tyrants accused before them of Intelligence with the Romans and for some forged Treason or other put to Death Many times they suborned people to accuse them of intending to fly to the Romans Those that Simon robbed were sent to John and those that John spoiled were sent to Simon drinking as it were one to another in the Blood of the People and dividing their dead Carcasses between them The dissention between John and Simon was for Rule their concord was in wickedness insomuch that though they disagreed in their desire of rule and domination they both conspired in mischief and iniquity For he that did not give the other part of what by his cruelty he had extorted from the miserable Citizens was accounted ungenerous and he that received not his share complained of the injustice K as beleiving he had a right to the Rapine and Cruelty I am not able to recount all their iniquities but in short I think never any City endured the like nor never any People since the memory of men were so cruel and barbarous and that their impiety to strangers might seem the less they spake evil of the Nation of the Hebrews and cursed them and openly confessed themselves to be slaves People of divers Countries united together in wickedness bastards and abortives of their Nation They demolished the City and forced the Romans though against their will to except of a dismal Victory hasting the Fire into the Temple as though it stayed from it too long Neither were they at all affected when they saw the higher part of the City on fire though many among the Romans beheld it with sorrow as we will L shew hereafter when we describe the event of that business CHAP. XII Of the Jews that were crucified and the burning of the Rampires THe Mounts and Rampires that Titus built The poor peoples misery did greatly advantage him Yet his M Souldiers endured some loss by the Jews from the Wall to recompence
and fortunate City yet in nothing more happy than for that it alone doth in her bosom shrine so many so sacred and excellent Pledges of Piety yet should it be more happy if it could express their Virtues whose sacred Reliques it so Religiously keepeth and imitate their Manners whose Bodies it possesseth to wit if in sincerity of Religion it imitated the Piety of three Kings and the sacred purity of the eleven Virgins if it resembled the most Valiant young Men the Maccabees and the invincible Courage of that Woman whose valorous Constancy no misery could conquer And this best portion and part of her felicity this worthy City might bestow upon her self yea and double the same Do thou go forward in that which thou hast in hand to wit in spreading the praise of those Martyrs making that M virtuous example more commendable and your City more famous Farewel N O A FLAVIUS JOSEPHUS OF THE B RULE of REASON A most Eloquent Book corrected by DESIDERIUS ERASMUS Most lively setting down the Martyrdom of the C MACCABEES I Am at the instant request of Polibius of Megalopolis to put in writing the constant Sufferings of the Maccabees worthy all admiration not in a Rhetorical and pleasing stile but rather after our own country fashion thereby to exhort our Nation to patience in their Calamities Reason hath dominion over our passions But first of all it is necessary to speak something of Reason and assign unto it the power and virtue to deliberate For he who hath once fully determined to suffer all misery for D Gods sake is in my opinion already a Martyr It is therefore great merit to have so determined and therefore as above-said Reason governeth our inferiour passions and though destiny deny us opportunity to suffer yet have we suffered all in purposing to suffer all Whoso therefore will renounce the World and aspire only to Coelestial things must exercise Sobriety banish Gluttony Lasciviousness and all other such Vices as may possess and captivate the mind He must likewise mount up to the top of Virtues Tower that from thence he may resist and impugn the Vices of his Body Grief and Fear E There are many examples of the Valiant Souldiers of God which I could produce but the brave persons descended from one single Woman not at one but several births may suffice And first I will speak of Eleazar and seven Brethren The death of the seven brethren and their mother and relate what Tortures and Torments their Mother endured yet cannot man but only God determine who amongst them was first and who last in this noble agony They therefore being all of one opinion resembling one another more in mind than in body duely considered the frailty of this Life and neither delighted in the flatteries of the World nor the alluring enchantments thereof They valued not torments fetters nor any other sort of tortures imposed upon them To return they resolved upon patience and to endure whatsoever F the Judges cruelty could devise I will therefore praise the fortitude of these Brethren or rather with all truth rehearse the noble conflicts of these holy men and setting all adulation apart prosecute with a bare Historical narration the manner of their Martyrdome But before I begin to declare the death of these brave men I will a little treat of Reason The description of Reason and Wisdom which as I have affirmed is no small motive to Martyrdom Reason it is that maketh us observe Fasts and Abstinence Reason makes us despise Money by it we are taught not to account of Dignities and Honours which all men generally aim at yea Reasons gift it is that we do resist the heat of lustful desires Hence cometh it that having once overcome such things as the flesh delights in we find our selves a little able to resist we also learn to despise pains and torments and by degrees resolve to suffer G all things that shall be imposed upon us Which that it may more plainly appear let us search out the cause of this order and wee shall find wisdom to be the cause hereof For no man can determine and distinguish H good from evil that is not endued with wisdom this wisdom is always accompanied with justice and justice is still joyned with vertue and vertue and temperance cannot be seperated so that this wisdom consisteth upon four parts Besides these Grief and pain cause or hinder passion there are two things that either do cause or hinder passion to wit pain and pleasure one of which we do always refuse and the other we do always desire yet where pleasure ariseth and is presently by reasons rule put away the mind is there strengthened and pain compared with glory is through hope of a greater reward contemned before it come and being come our mind is ashamed not to suffer that which before it was resolved to do Reason therefore is the guide of all our actions Reason resembleth a skilful Gardiner and by it we despise torments and I detest vice like a skilful Husbandman it pruneth and cutteth away superfluous branches and killeth the heat of all corrupt and hurtful humours only leaving that which may some way be profitable to us Thus reason corrects our passion encourages us to suffer and supports us in our sufferings Who is not desirous to eat the flesh of wild Beasts and Fishes And who lusteth not to eat of feathered Fouls nay do not the dainty dishes either from Sea or Land invite us to eat them What then causeth us to abstain from them what makes us all desire them and yet none of us eat them even reason by which the mind is taught to overcome it self in delightful objects and pleasure that when occasion of Martyrdom is offered setting aside all vanities we will not for a little pleasure K forget our accustomed virtue By reason it was that Joseph to his great praise master'd his concupiscence An instance of Joseph's chastity and suffered not himself to be overcome by his lust which was but too incident to his age Reason so worketh with sound advice and mature counsel that it again recovereth lost friendship gaineth new and suffereth no cruelty to be committed Of this we have also the example of Moses who had he not had just occasion to be angry against Dathan and Abiram reason no doubt would have caused him to have smothered his passion Did not our father Jacob with great vehemency reprove his Sons Simeon and Levi who without reason had used such cruelty saying Cursed be your anger Which anger had it been bridled with reason neither had they been cursed nor the other L had perished For this cause God the maker of mankind when he fashioned us and our manners having finished the lineaments of our body he placed the mind in it to rule it with certain concomitant precepts to wit temperance pursuance of
bare so great a share in the publick felicity that there was nothing wanting to his desires In all the Towns there was nothing to be seen but Altars and Victims and Sacrifices and Priests in their white Robes with Garlands of flowers upon their head All places were full of Chearfulness Feasting Playing Musick Running of Horses Banqueting Dancing to the Flute D and the Harp and all other Divertisments imaginable No difference to be discerned in the contentment of either Rich or Poor Common Persons or Persons of Quality Masters and Servants or Creditor and Debtor The felicity of that time was equal to all conditions and what was verified then made it almost credible what the Poets had said formerly in their fables of the age of Saturn And in this manner they passed seven compleat Months CHAP. II. E The Emperour Caius having Reigned but seven Months fell desperatly ill The great concernment which all the Provinces expressed for it their incredible joy at his recovery The next Month this happy Emperour fell into a great fit of sickness for having left his old way of living soberly and temperately which preserves people in health and was the way he took whilst Tiberius was alive he plunged himself into Intemperance and Luxury He drank much Wine eat to excess bath'd unseasonably cram'd himself till he could not keep what he had taken down and when he had disgorged crammed himself again He gave himself up wholly to Women and to pleasures F more unnaturally criminal in short he abandoned himself to all other disorders that were most likely to alter that Temperament and Harmony of body and mind which Temperance maintains in health and vigour whereas Intemperance weakens it and exposes it to Distempers that are most commonly mortal It was then about the beginning of Autumn which is the last Season in the year that is proper for Navigation and the time in which those who traffick in forreign parts return home By this means the news of his sickness was in a moment carried all over the World and changed their joy into sadness The Towns and the houses were generally full of mourning and affliction and the Emperours sickness became the distemper of all the Provinces and theirs was the greatest because his infirmity was only in G his body but theirs in their minds apprehending to loose with their peace the injoyment of all those good things which were concomitant with it and having observed the death of their Emperors attended commonly with Famine and other calamities that H that are the consequents of War they could not see any thing so likely to exempt them as the health of their Prince His sickness beginning to abate the news was immediately spread abroad and carried joy to the very ends of the Earth For nothing is more nimble than fame and every body expected the news of his recovery with incredible patience and when it arrived every body believed himself recovered with him and restored to his former felicity It is not remembred that any joy was ever so general all people seeming to have passed as it were in a Moment from a savage and rustick to a soft and a sociable life from Desarts to Towns from Disorder to Order and all by their happiness in being under the conduct of a bountiful and legitimate Prince I CHAP. III. The Emperor Caius abandons himself to all sorts of Debauchery and with horrid ingratitude and terrible cruelty obliges young Tiberius the Emperor's Grand-son to kill himself BUT it was quickly discernable that the Spirit of man is blind in its imaginations that he is ignorant of what is most for his advantage and that he takes the K shadow many times for the substance For this Prince who was consider'd as an admirable Benefactor and one whose Muniâ—icence and Favours were spread all over Europe and Asia became a Monster for cruelty or to speak more properly he discovered that humour which though born with him he had dissembled till that time The Emperour Tiberius had by his Son â—rusus who dyed before him this young Tiberius and by his Nephew Germanicus he had Caius Caligula whom he preferred to Tiberius in the Succession of the Empire upon condition that he should acknowledg the greatness of the benefit by the manner of his comportment with his Grand-Child But Caius instead of being concernd for having received that by Adoption which belonged to young Tiberius by Succession prov'd ingratfull and carried it to that excess of Inhumanity that L not contented to have defeated him of his Empire he caused him to be put to death upon pretence of practices against him as if a person of his age had been capable of so great a design but many people are of opinion that if young Tiberius had had some few years more over his head his Grandfather would doubtless have made him his Successor and laid aside Caius of whom he began already to be jealous And this was the way which Caius took to execute his detestable Resolution upon a Person with whom in justice he ought to have parted the Soveraignty He caused the young Tiberius to appear before him assembled his friends and told them I love Tiberius not only as my Kinsman but as my Brother and I wish with all my heart it was in my power to take him presently as a partner into the Government that I might M thereby fulfil the last will and Testament of his Grand Father But you see the tenderness of his years and that he is fitter to have a Governor than to be a Governor himself Were it not for that what joy what ease would it be to me to have discharge my self of part of so great a burden as it is to manage and conduct so many several Nations Seeing then the affection which I bear him obliges me to it I think good to declare to you that I am resolved to serve and take care of him not only as a Governour but as a Father by which name I desire he may call me and I shall call him Son for the future When Caius by this Artifice had deluded all that were present and by his counterfeit Adoption rather rob'd than confer'd upon the poor Prince that part of the Empire N to which he might lawfully have pretended there was nothing left that might obstruct his falling into that Snare which he had laid for him for the Laws of the Romans do give the Parents an absolute power over their Children and then the Supream degree of authority in which he was established left no man in a Capacity to question any thing he did So that looking upon this young Prince as an Enemy he treated him accordingly without respect to his age or any consideration that he had been brought up by the Emperor with hopes of succeding him in the Government for after his Father Drusus was dead the Emperour took him into his tuition and used him
l. marrieth a wife ib. m. propoundeth a riddle ib. m. his acts against the Philistines 141 d e f. prayeth and why 141 d. betrayed by Dalila 142 h. the slaughter of the Philistines and of himself ibid. k. Samuel his parents 144 i. consecrated to God ibid. i God called him thrice ibid. k. fore-shewed the death of Eli and his sons 144 l. offereth sacrifice 148 l. comforteth the people ibid. his victory and recovery of lands 148 n. committeth the Common weal to his sons 149 b. troubled and why 149 e. bidden to create a King ib. f. sheweth the people's estate under a King ibid. anointeth Saul King 150 o. justifieth himself and why 153 b. striveth to reconcile Saul to God 157 c. killeth Agag 158 i. telleth Saul of God's displeasure 157 f. anointeth David King 158 n. his death burial and praise 168 l. Sanballat Governour of the Samaritans 293 k. followeth Alexander 294 b. buildeth a Temple ibid. f. Sanctuary 93 b. 209 h. 211 i. Sanctuaries or places of refuge for whom 109 â— Sand like glass 616 m. Sara daughter of Aram 35 o. Abraham's wife ibid. d. her beauty 36 l. King of Egypt enamoured on her ibid b. bringeth Agar to Abraham 38 i her age when she conceived Isaac 38 o preserved from Abimelech and how 39 e. brought forth Isaac ib. caused Ismael to be expelled c. 40 k l. affecteth Isaac ib. m. her death 41 f. Saraeus high Priest took Prisoner 265 l. Saturninus President of Syria 438 o. 4â—9 a. permitteth Herod to enter Arabia ib. b. his indifferent sentence 444 m Saul seeketh the lost Asses 150 k anointed King by God's commandment ib. o. confirmed therein 15 b. hideth himself ibid. f. saluted by the people for their King ib. f. promiseth the Jabesites assistance 152 l. killeth King Naas ib. n. sacrificeth and is reproved 154 l. overcometh the Philistines 155 e. would have slain Jonathan 156 h. always a conqueror ib. k. taketh and spareth Agag 157 b. slayeth the Amalekites and razeth their Cities 156 o. offendeth God 157 b. loseth his Kingdom and why ib. f. denied pardon renteth Samuel's garment ib. g. slew the Philistines 160 m. resolveth to kill David 162 i. darteth his Javelin at David 163 b. prophesieth 163 f. questioneth about David's absence c. 164 n. maketh an Oration to his Captains 165 f. pursueth David 167 e. condemneth himself and justifieth David 168 k. pursueth David again and his life saved 169 f. banisheth diviners 171 a. by a sorceress is foretold the event of the battel ib. c d. praised 172 k. is slain 173 f g. Scarcity fore-signified 55 e. how to be prevented 55 f. among the Israelites 95 e. very great in Claudius his time 97 d e. in Samaria 238 g h. Scarcity of corn 413 i k. Scaurus maketh peace with Aristobulus 362 b. Presidenâ— of Coelosyria 363 n. his war against Aretas 364 h. 5â—5 a. bribed ibid. Science of the celestial bodies 30 k. Schisar King of the Assyrians 133 b. oppressed the Israelites ibid. b. Scopas General of Ptolomy's Army 306 a. discomfited ib. overcometh the Jews 306 a b. Scythopolitans kill 3000 Jews 634 l. Sea of Pamphilia divided it self 72 n. Red Sea divided at the stroke of Moses's rod 72 k. returning to his course drowneth the Egyptians ibid. l. Brazen Sea 209 l. Sebas 196 e. Sebaste a haven 455 a. Secretary or Priest fore-telleth Moses's greatness 62 n. willeth him to be killed 64 n. Security promised to Rahab and hers 122 i. Sects of the Jews 339 m. 477 a. 612 l. Secrets of Syllaeus disclosed 599 d. Sedechias a false Prophet 231 e. contradicteth Micheas ib. e f. Sedechias King of Juda 262 d. revolteth ib. seduced ib. 263 h c. neglecteth the Prophet's counsel ib. o. surprised 264 f his eyes put out 265 h. his death ib. n. Sedition against Moses 95 e. 99 b. and 100 i. of Chore for the Priesthood 99 d. Sedition against Roboam 219 h. of the Samaritans against the Jews 298 b. among the people 312 k. of the Jews 494 h. betwixt Senate and people 516 h. Sedition at the Passover 464 l. between the Jews and Samaritans 534 l. for the golden Eagle 605 d. in Jerusalem 607 e. 621 d. between Greeks and Jews 634 h. threefold sedition 711 f. took the City 723 b. Seditious more impious than the Sodomites 724 h. Seditious 620 k l. beaten 615 f. bribe Albinus 621 d. fly to the Temple and why 624 n. gave not ear to those in authority 629 f put the Romans to flight 675 e. agree among themselves 712 o. 724 i. challenge the sodden child 749 a. summon Titus to parley 754 m. take away the King's Treasure 756 i. their utmost hope 756 m. kept in Acra and in Vaults 757 f. Seed of the Woman 28 n. shall bruise the Serpent's head ib Seeds at first grew out of the earth 27 f. Seeds not to be mixed together 113 d. Sehon King of the Amorites denieth passage to the Hebrews 104 m. overthrown by them ib. o. is slain ib. Seir what it signifies 43 e. Seir Esau's dwelling place 49 a. Seleucus Nicanor privilegeth the Jews 305 b. Seleucus Soâ—er reigneth in Asia 31â— f. Sem Noah's third son 32 o. covereth his father's shame 35 a. his progeny ib. b Semochonitis a lake 680 m. Semiramis built not Babylon 788 k. Senaar a plain 32 o. Senabarus one of the five Kings of Assyria 37 a. Senacherib surpriseth the Cities of Judah 255 l besiegeth Jerusalem ib. m. his Army stricken with the Pestilence 256 f. himself slain ib Senate perswadeth Claudius to resign 516 i. Senate's decree c. 378 f. Senate's answer to Agrippa 617 f. their repair to Claudius ddd 618 i. Senselesness of Achaz 252 b. Sentence against Herod's sons 593 e. Sephora Moses's wife 66 n. Sephoris walled 478 i. spoiled 22 h. entertaineth the Romans 635 b. Sepâ—lchre of David 202 o. of Memnon 618 l. Serpents tempting of Eve 28 l. his subtilty ib. l. his punishment ib. o. enemy to man ib. o. wherein his strength lyeth and how easily killed 29 a. Serpents very hurtful destroyed 65 d e. Servant of Elizeus 238 c. Servants of Solomon happy and why 215 e. Servant of Abraham taketh his oath 42 k. his prayer and care in discharge of his message ib. k. and 43 a b. Service of God neglected 252 b. Service of forreign gods 216 o. 248 b. 252 b. Service of Antipater 574 m. Services of the Gabeonites 125 a. Servitude of the Egyptians great 61 o. of the Hebrews insupportable 62 n. 67 a. and 68 i. Servitude of the Israelites 133 b. and why ibid. 134 k. 729 e. c. Seth son of Adam 30 i. a virtuous man ib. i. left a godly issue ib. k. his age and death 31 b. Sethosis King of Egypt 786 h. Seven men of Saul's kindred punished 195 n. Seventy Jews with John and Simon sent into Italy 765 f Seventy Interpreters 302 o. 801 a. Severity of Herod 416 e Sextus