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A04911 The generall historie of the Turkes from the first beginning of that nation to the rising of the Othoman familie: with all the notable expeditions of the Christian princes against them. Together with the liues and conquests of the Othoman kings and emperours faithfullie collected out of the- best histories, both auntient and moderne, and digested into one continuat historie vntill this present yeare 1603: by Richard Knolles Knolles, Richard, 1550?-1610.; Johnson, Laurence, fl. 1603, engraver. 1603 (1603) STC 15051; ESTC S112893 2,105,954 1,223

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them with all the princes there present to compassion From thence they were by the Pope directed vnto Philip the French king with whom hauing dispatched their affaires they from him passed ouer into ENGLAND afterward into GERMANIE and had at length broght their negotiation to so good passe that in euerie place great preparation was made for a great expedition to be vndertaken against the Turks for the reliefe of the Christians in the East with which good newes the embassadours returning to HIERUSALEM filled the sicke king with the hope of great matters But greater quarrels shortly after arising betwixt the Pope and the emperour and sharpe war likewise betwixt the French king and the king of ENGLAND and the other Christian princes also being at no better quiet the notable expedition that had with the expectation thereof so filled the world was againe laid aside and quite dashed Whereof king Baldwin vnderstanding both by messengers and letters from his friends oppressed with griefe and heauinesse more than with the force of his disease a man for his prowesse and painefulnesse not inferiour to any his predecessours died without issue the 16 day of May in the yeare 1185 being but fiue and twentie yeares old whereof he had raigned twelue His bodie was afterward with the generall mourning of his subjects solemnly buried in the temple neere vnto the mount CALVARIE together with his predecessours the kings of HIERUSALEM King Baldwin thus buried Baldwin the fift of that name yet but a boy was crowned king But then began the sparks which had of long lien raked vp hidden in the ashes to break out into a great fire For Raymund countie of TRIPOLIS contended the whole gouernment of the kingdome tuition of the king to be due vnto him by the appointment of the late king consent of the nobilitie and did so much that he had almost obtained it to haue beene confirmed vnto him in open parlament But Sybilla a woman of a most haughty spirit sister vnto the late king mother vnto the yoong king yet liuing prickt forward her husband Guy in no case to giue place vnto his competitour Raymund and so animated him that by the helpe of his owne fauourits and the countenance of Boniface marquesse of MOVNT-FERRAT who euen then was come with a great power into SIRIA he extorted from the nobilitie whatsoeuer hee desired But seuen moneths were scarce well passed but that this yoong king Baldwin was dead and buried poysoned as was reported by his mother for the desire shee had of the kingdome herselfe whose death she with all secrecie concealed vntill she had obtained of the Patriarch and other princes of the kingdome That Guy her husband might be proclaimed king So by her meanes it was so wrought that vpon one and the selfe same day the yoong king Baldwin was buried by his vncle and Guy the countie crowned This yoong king Baldwin by reason of his tender yeares and short raigne is of some not reckoned amongst the kings of HIERUSALEM howbeit seeing he was by his vncle and the princes of that time thought woorthy of the kingdome let him also haue his place amongst the rest as the eight king of HIERUSALEM When Guy was thus possessed of the kingdome the countie of TRIPOLIS seeing himselfe out of all hope of the gouernment and highly therewith discontented did what he might by all meanes to crosse the doings of the king whose sicke and aspiring mind Saladin prickt dayly more and more forward promising him his helping hand whensoeuer hee should need which courtesie the countie desirously imbraced For now the fatall period of the kingdome of HIERUSALEM drew fast on and all things tended to destruction discord raigning in euerie place which Saladin well perceiuing after that he had compacted with the countie by messengers sent of purpose inuited the Turks Sarasins Aegyptians as men agreeing in one and the same religion generally to take vp armes in so fit an oportunitie of the discord of the Christians assuring them of great prey and spoile besides the honour of the conquest The citie of PTOLEMAIS was the place by him appointed where all this power should meet whether such a multitude of the barbarous Mahometanes partly for the hatred of the Christian religion partly for the hope of the rich spoile which Saladin had promised them came flocking out of all places that in short time there was met together about fiftie thousand horsemen besides an infinit number of foot And vnto such as could not safely passe by the borders of HIERUSALEM to them the false countie gaue safe conduct by the countries of TIBERIAS NAZARETH and GALILEY All the power of the infidels thus assembled Saladin laid siege vnto the citie of PTOLEMAIS which the Templars and the knights Hospitalers had notably fortefied and strongly manned as before vnto them giuen by the kings of HIERUSALEM to defend against the infidels and therein now were both the masters of both those honourable orders with the whole flower of the knights of their profession Vnto this citie Saladin gaue a most terrible assault vpon May day in the morning in the yeare 1187 which was by the Christians notably defended and the enemie with great slaughter still beaten downe In the heat of this assault the two great masters sallying out with certaine troupes of their most readie horsemen assailed the enemies campe and bearing down all before them raised there a great tumult and by and by turning vpon the backs of them that were assaulting the citie made there an exceeding great slaughter Insomuch that Saladin dismaied first with the confusion in his campe and now with the suddain danger behind him was glad to giue ouer the assault and to turne his whole forces vpon them where was fought a most bloodie and terrible battell Amongst others that there fought the countie of TRIPOLIS now an enemie vnto God and his country disguised in the habit of a Turke notably helped the infidels and meeting with the great master of the knights Hospitalers vnhorsed him who surcharged with the waight of his armour and oppressed with the multitude of his enemies there died Neuerthelesse such was the valour of these woorthie men and new succour still comming out of the citie that Saladin hauing in that battell and at the assault lost fifteene thousand of his Turks was glad with the rest to betake himselfe to flight Neither was this so notable a victorie gained by the Christians without blood most part of the worthie knights Hospitalers being together with their grand master there slaine Saladin by this ouerthrow perceiuing that by open force he should not be able to doe much against the Christians thought it good vnto his forces to joyne also pollicie Wherein the false countie of TRIPOLIS was the man he thought best to make choice of as his fittest instrument to worke by Him hee compacted withall to seeke for grace at the king of HIERUSALEM his
become emperour flockt in great numbers as birds about an owle to see him and with vaine praises to chatter about him In this sort he came as farre as PAPHLAGONIA in euerie place honourably receiued as if he had beene a deliuerer of his countrey sent from God And in the imperiall citie he was not longed for of the vulgar people onely as their light and load stat but diuers of the nobilitie also by secret messengers and letters persuaded him to hasten his comming and to take vpon him the gouernment assuring him that there would be none to resist him or to oppose themselues against his shadow but all readie to receiue him Especially Marie the yoong emperours sister by the fathers side with her husband Caesar who being a woman of a great spirit and grieuing much to see her fathers empire made a prey vnto Alexius the president and the empresse her stepmother whom she naturally hated had raised a great and dangerous tumult in the citie against them both which was not without much bloodshed appeased and now ceased not by often and most earnest letters to her owne destruction and her husbands as it afterwards fell out to pricke forward Andronicus and to hasten his comming who by letters and messengers dayly comming vnto him from the court still more and more encouraged leauing behind him the countrey of PAPHLAGONIA came to HERACLEA in PONTUS and still on towards the imperiall citie with great cunning and dissimulation winning the hearts of the people as he went For who was so stonie hearted whom his sweet words and abundant teares flowing from his gratious eies as from two plentifull fountaines downe by his hoarie cheeks might not haue mooued All that he did or desired was as he said for the common good and libertie of the emperour By which meanes he had drawne vnto him a woonderfull number of the rude countrey people by the way as he came But comming into BYTHINIA he was by Iohn Ducas gouernour of the great citie of NICE shut out as an enemie to the state and so at NICOMEDIA also Neuerthelesse passing by those cities he held still on his way vntill at length he was neere vnto a castle called CHARACE encountred by Andronicus Angelus sent with a great power against him by the great president Alexius who otherwise as an effeminat man giuen ouer to his pleasure spending the greatest part of the night in rioting by candle light and most part of the day in his bed with courtaines close drawn as if it had beene night yet doubtfull now of the comming of his enemie left nothing vndone which he thought might helpe for the assuring of his estate Many of the nobilitie of whom he stood in doubt he gained vnto him by meanes of the emperors mother who by her rare beautie sweet words and gratious behauiour as with a line drew all men vnto her Other some he ouercame with gifts and great summes of money whereof he now made no spare And so wrought the matter that no man of any account or marke went ouer to Andronicus Who neuerthelesse with such followers as he had joyning battell with Angelus sent against him as is before said ouerthrew him and put him to flight Wherewith Alexius much troubled in great displeasure and without reason called Angelus now fled to CONSTANTINOPLE to an account for the money deliuered vnto him for the defraying of the charges of that vnfortunat war who seeeing his misforturne to be so taken as if he had framed it himselfe and of purpose betraid the armie committed to his charge by the counsell of his six sonnes being all men of great valour and wisedome first tooke the refuge of his owne house but finding himselfe there in no safetie with his wife and his said sonnes two of which came afterwards to be emperours presently fled ouer the strait to Andronicus Who seeing of him comming towards him is reported to haue vsed this text of Scripture Behold I will send mine Angell before thy face to prepare thy wayes alluding to his name of Angelus as the presage of his good successe Wherefore encouraged with the cōming of these noblemen his kinsmen he without longer stay marched directly vnto the sea side and there a little aboue CHALCEDON encamped almost right ouer against CONSTANTINOPLE causing many great fires moe than needed to be made in his armie to make it seeme vnto them of the citie greater than indeed it was and with the sight thereof to keepe the citizens in suspence with the doubtfull expectation of some great matter to ensue Wherein he was no whit deceiued for they hauing him now as it were in sight leauing their worke ransome to the sea side some vp to the hils high towers to behold his armie a far off willing with their friendly looks if it had ben possible to haue drawn him ouer the strait into the citie Alexius knowing himselfe not able by land to encounter with so strong an enemie for now some which on foot could not goe ouer to Andronicus were secretly in heart alreadie with him othersome thought themselues sufficiently to shew their fidelitie vnto the emperor if sitting still at home they should take part with neither for so haue subtill heads aspiring minds for the furtherance of their desires taught the cōmon people both to say thinke thought it best by sea to auert the present danger And therefore commanded all the emperours gallies being before rigged vp and readie to be strongly manned and put to sea for the keeping of PROPONTIS and the strait of BOSPHORUS that Andronicus should not that way passe Now had hee determined to haue made especiall choice of some assured friend of his owne for to bee generall of this fleet as he had done of the captaines and masters being all his owne kinsmen or domesticall seruants but as he was about to haue so done Contostephanus surnamed the Great captaine opposed himselfe against it challenging that place as due vnto himselfe before all others So that ouercome by his authoritie which it was no time for Alexius now to dispute he was glad to commit the charge and trust of the whole fleet vnto him as generall Thus hauing as he thought made the sea sure he sent ouer vnto Andronicus as from the emperour for all was done in his name one George Xiphilinus with letters and other instructions wherof the effect was To command him forthwith in peace to returne vnto the place from whence he came and not farther to trouble the state promising him in so doing the emperours fauour with many great honors and preferments to bee afterward bestowed vpon him which otherwise might turne to his vtter destruction Which letters Xiphilinus hauing deliuered and done his message is reported to haue secretly aduised Andronicus to proceed in his purpose and not in any case to yeeld to that which was of him required wherewith Andronicus encouraged proudly rejected the graces offered and willed
she probably thought to wish the succession of the empire to one of her owne sonnes his wiues full brethren rather than to Mustapha her halfe brother Beside that she was not ignorant how that Rustan as one carefull of the emperors profit the readiest way to preferment had abridged the pensions and fees of the officers and seruitours in court which he perceiuing to please the emperour proceeded so farre therein that he attempted to haue cut off if it had beene possible some part of Mustapha his princely allowance for which doing she knew how odious he was to all the courtiers whereof he made small reckoning but especially to Mustapha insomuch that it was thought he would not forget so notorious an injurie if euer he should obtaine the empire Hereupon she brake with Rustan vpon the matter whom she found readie ynough of himselfe to doe what in him lay to further her mischieuous desire To begin this intended tragedie she vpon the sudden became very deuout and being by the fauour of Solyman growne exceeding rich pretended as if it had beene vpon a deuout zeale for the health of her soule after the manner of the Turkish superstition to build an Abbey with an Hospitall and a Church which so godly a purpose she imparted to the Muphti or cheefe Mahometane priest demaunding of him If such workes of charitie were not acceptable vnto God and auaileable for her soules health Whereunto the Muphti answered That those works were no doubt gracious in the sight of God but nothing at all meritorious for her soules health being a bondwoman yet very profitable for the soule of the great emperour Solyman vnto whom as vnto her lord both she and all she had appertained With which answere of the great priest she seemed to be exceedingly troubled and thereupon became wonderfull pensiue and melancholie her cheerefull countenance was replete with sadnesse and her faire eyes flowed with teares her mirth was mourning and her joy heauinesse Which thing Solyman perceiuing and sorrie to see his loue vpon conceit so to languish sent her word to be of good cheere and to comfort her selfe promising in short time to take such a course as should ease her of all her greefes which he forthwith did solemnely manumising her from her bond estate So great a fauour obtained Roxolana with great cheerefulnesse began those meritorious workes by her before intended as if she had thought of nothing but heauen whereas indeed her thoughts were in the depth of hell When she had thus a good while busied her selfe in pauing the way to heauen as was supposed Solyman not able longer to forbeare the companie of her in whom his soule liued after his wonted manner sent for her by one of his eunuchs who should haue brought her to his bed chamber to whom she with her eyes cast vp to heauen demurely answered That her life and whatsoeuer els she had was at her dread soueraignes commaund but againe to yeeld her bodie vnto his appetite she might not in any case do without the great offence of the high God and manifest breach of his sacred lawes which permitted her not now voluntarily to yeeld him that being free which he before without offence might commaund of his bondwoman and because she would not seeme to vse this as an excuse she referred her selfe in all things to the graue judgement of the learned and reuerend Muphti with whom she had before at full conferred This she did presuming of the soueraignetie she had ouer that great Monarch whom she right well knew she had so fast bound in the pleasing fetters of his affection towards her as that she was sure ynough of him without a keeper Solyman rauished with her loue and well the more for her deniall sent for the Muphti requiring his judgement in the matter who before instructed in all points agreed with that Roxolana had said agrauating the heinousnesse of the fact if he should proceed to enforce her as his slaue whom being now free he might not without great offence touch vnmarried Whereupon Solyman more and more burning in his desires became a fresh suter to her for mariage whom he had so often before commaunded which his sute easily obtained as the marke she had all this while aimed at he with all speed to the great admiration of all men and contrarie to the manner of the Mahometane emperors solemnely married her appointing for her yearly dowrie fiue thousand Sultanyns But here before we proceed any farther stay a while and take the view of that faire face whereon this great Monarch so much doted as it is by the skilfull workemans hand most liuely expressed ROXOLANA Solyman his best beloued wife Frontis nulla fides nulla est fiducia formae Pectore dum saeuo dira venena latent Philtra viro miscet fallax miserumque coegit Sanguine natorum commaculare manus RICH. KNOLLEVS To fairest lookes trust not too farre nor yet to beautie braue For hatefull thoughts so finely maskt their deadly poisons haue Loues charmed cups the subtile dame doth to her husband fill And causeth him with cruell hand his childrens bloud to spill This woman of late a slaue but now become the greatest empresse of the East flowing in all worldly felicitie attended vpon with all the pleasures her heart could desire wanted nothing she could wish but how to find means that the Turkish empire might after the death of Solyman be brought to some one of her owne sons This was it that had as we haue before said long troubled her aspiring mind and in the middest of all her blisse suffered her yet to take no rest Noble Mustapha Solymans eldest sonne and heire apparant of the empire although farre absent was yet still before her eies present his credit his valour his vertues his perfections were all bars to her desires he was the onely cloud that kept the sunne from shining on her if 〈◊〉 any meanes might be taken away then wanted nothing that she desired Which to bring to passe the wicked woman laboured cunningly by little and little to breed in Solymans head no small suspition of Mustapha That he being a young man of a hautie spirit desirous of soueraigntie generally beloued and swelling with the immoderat fauor of the men of warre which were all at his deuotion left nothing else to be expected of him but when he should as did his grandfather Selymus lay hand vpon the empire and worke his aged fathers destruction This mischieuous plot by her deuised was not a little furthered by Rustan the great Bassa by whom passed all great matters who nothing omitted that could be slily deuised for the disgrace or confusion of the young prince For he as a great secret craftily told all them that were sent gouernours into SYRIA that Mustapha was secretly suspected by his father of aspiring to the kingdome and therefore charged them particularly carefully to obserue all his actions