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A74993 Certain select discourses on those most important subjects, requisite to be well understood by a catechist in laying the foundation of Christian knowledge in the minds of novitiates viz., First discourses on I. The doctrine of the two covenants both legal and evangelical, II. On faith and justification / by William Allen. Secondly, Discourses on I. The covenant of grace, or baptismal covenant, being chatechetical lectures on the preliminary questions and answers of the Church-Catechism : II. Three catechetical lectures on faith and justification / by Thomas Bray, D.D. Allen, William, d. 1686.; Bray, Thomas, 1658-1730. 1699 (1699) Wing A1055A; ESTC R172154 614,412 564

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Punishments in another World And all or most of the Duties of Morality also have the Light of Nature or our own Reason both directing and enforcing the Practice of ' em Only our Natural Reason in this our Corrupted State being a Candle that burns very dimm We must I say have our Eye principally upon the Light of Scripture which is the singular Gift of God given to Conduct us safe through the Intricate Mazes and Difficulties of this World to another and that a better to be a Light unto our Feet and a Lanthorn unto our Path that our Footsteps may not slide Psal 119.105 And a most perfect Rule the Scripture is It being given by Inspiration of God and is profitable for Doctrine for Reproof for Correction for Instruction in Righteousness that the Man of God may be perfect throughly furnish'd unto all Good Works 2 Tim. 3.16 17. But tho' Natural Reason now in its Eclipse by Sin yields not Light enough of it self without the help of Divine Revelation to guide us unto Happiness yet so far as it can direct us and is agreeable to Scripture Light we are to follow its Guidance It is as well the Gift of God as the other and was given us to the same Ends and Purposes and we are therefore to bless God for so excellent a Gift as our Reason and must follow its Dictates without going contrary to the Reason within us in whatsoever it does prescribe us that is not contradicted by the Word of God for where the Word of God does not thwart our own Reason in that Case is left by God in its Original Authority which it had before Divine Revelation and we are to look upon it as the Divine Will and Pleasure that we should act what seems but reasonable And hence we find that our Blessed Saviour himself and his Apostles do often appeal to our own Reason as a Guide we ought to follow Thus Luke 12.57 Yea and why even of your selves judge you not what is right says he to the Pharisees And indeed in one of the most important Cases that was ever put to any decision the Apostles Peter and John do appeal to Men's own Reason to determine 'em what they shou'd do The Rulers of the Jews call'd them and commanded them not to speak at all nor to teach in the Name of Jesus but Peter and John answer'd and said unto them Whether it be right in the sight of God to hearken unto you more than unto God judge ye Acts 4.18 19. The Apostles did not here call in the Authority of Scripture to justifie them in what they did but did appeal to their own Reason And the 1 Cor. 10. the Apostle undertaking to convince them how ill a thing it was for 'em to partake of things offer'd to Idols how does he go about to do it Why says he I speak unto wise Men judge ye what I say Verse 15. and so goes on by many Arguments fetch'd from the Nature and Reason of Sacrifices and Sacraments to prove that Men ought not to partake of two such different ones as the Table of God and the Table of Devils Verse 21. 3. Religious Rites and Ceremonies left to the Reason and Discretion of Church-Governours to appoint 3. There are besides these necessary and essential Parts of Religion others but Appendages or certain Modes and Circumstances retaining to it such are those Ceremonies appointed by Authority for the greater Solemnity of Divine Administrations And the determining what these are to be is plainly permitted to the Reason and Discretion of the Governors of the Church as may be fairly concluded from 1 Cor. 11.13 14 18. where the Apostle makes Reason the sole Judge that must be submitted to in point of Decency and Order The Case before the Apostle was whether Women ought to appear veiled in the Church and how does he prove it why from Reason and the Custom of the Churches and he severely twits those as perverse Persons that in such Cases will not be govern'd by such Arguments Judge in your selves is it comely that a Woman pray with her Head uncover'd doth not even Nature that is Custom it self teach you But if any Man be contentious we have no such Custom nor the Churches of God that is if People will be so perverse I think it sufficient to tell them as that which ought to govern 'em the Nature and Reason of the thing and the Custom of the Church is against ' em So that Reason you see is not excluded from judging what is fit and proper to be done in point of Decency and Order and for the greater Solemnity of Divine Administrations And therefore having shew'd you what Reason the Church had to appoint Godfathers and Godmothers not only as Proxies to represent the Infant but as Sureties to engage for it in Baptism I need not much to insist on other Arguments in justification of that Usage of the Church But however that no Scruple may remain if possible in any honest Mind that will be convinc'd for a farther justification of the Lawfulness and Expedience of 'em I. I will prove out of Scripture I. That Christ gave Commission to the Governors of the Church to institute such Vsages as shall be for Decency and Order and the better Edification of the Souls of Men prov'd from Scripture that there has been a Power and Authority given by Christ to the Governors of the Church to appoint such reasonable Circumstances as they shall think fit for the greater Order and Decency of Divine Administrations and the better Edification of the Souls of Men. And then II. I will shew you that their appointing of Godfathers and Godmothers was a most excellent and useful Institution to this purpose And First I will prove out of Scripture that there has been a Power c. It were a thing very well worth the Consideration of all Persons what Observance our Blessed Saviour paid to those Circumstantial Appointments relating to Divine Worship which the Governors of the Jewish Church without any farther Authority from Scripture than the general Commission and Power it gives Governors to exercise had of their own selves order'd There was as little need one would have thought in that Church as any This allow'd to the Governors of the Jewish Church for its Governors to appoint any new Modes or Ceremonies of Worship God himself having given 'em such very particular Orders relating to Divine Service But as little need as there seem'd to be of 'em they however took upon 'em to appoint many things besides what God himself had ordain'd And yet Christ did not only conform to 'em in his own Practice as appears from his celebrating the Feast of Dedication John 10.22 23. which was a Festival of mere humane Institution in memory of their Deliverance from the Tyranny of Antiochus Epiphanes and the purging of the Temple and the Altar from his Idolatry but moreover he commanded his Followers
appease his Neighbour and be reconciled to him for so our Saviour has ordered Matth. 5.23 before he offer his Prayer to God And he that has injured his Neighbour either by taking away his good Name by Slander or his Goods by wrong Dealing must take off the Slander and restore what he has unjustly got and so did good Zacheus upon his Repentance we find Luke 19.8 when he embraced the Gospel And so likewise towards the Reparation of God's Honour Of high Dishonor to God and Religion if that be not repair'd by an eminent Repentance I must needs add as a necessary part of Repentance that he who has formerly liv'd a very notorious and scandalously ill Life to the great Dishonour of God and Religion must now towards the Reparation of God's Honour be as famous for his eminent and exemplary Piety that his Repentance may be accepted a private Sorrow for publick Scandals falling vastly short of undoing what has been done amiss in which consists the restitutive part of Repentance The necessity of this we have exemplified in the case of the Woman who washed our Saviour's Feet with her Tears and wiped them with the Hair of her Head Luke 7.44 She had formerly it seems been a very vile Woman but the reason why her Sins which were many were forgiven is said by our Saviour to have been because she loved much vers 47. And thus if we do repent our Sins shall not be imputed to us but through the Merits of Christ's Death and the Grace of the Gospel they shall be looked upon as if they had never been And thus I have shewed you that other great Difference betwixt that Obedience required now under the Covenant of Grace and the Obedience required by the First Covenant That whereas the Obedience required by the First was a Perfect Exact Vnsinning Obedience the never Offending at all Now not only our involuntary Sins and Infirmities but also our most voluntary and wilful Transgressions when by Repentance we bewail and forsake 'em and take better care to avoid 'em for the future they also through the Mediation of Christ according to the Terms he has obtain'd for us in the Covenant of Grace shall be forgiven us and not prejudice our being Inheritors of the Kingdom of Heaven And upon the whole I have now shewed you The summ of Evangelical Obedience as to all that Obedience required now under the Gospel to make us Inheritors of the Kingdom of Heaven that there is not required indeed a Perfect Exact Unsinning Obedience the never offending in any one part which was the indispensible Condition of the First Covenant but there must be a Sincere and Entire Obedience paid to all the Laws of the Gospel Sincere it must be by being a true and undissembled Service Obeying 'em not only because most for our Health and Interest as generally the Laws of Religion are but even where they are contrary to our Inclinations and Interest because God commands us And Entire it must be by being the Obedience of the whole Man of our Understanding our Wills our Affections and our Actions to the whole Law of God and that at all times And this if we endeavour the best we can to do that our unwilling and involuntary Failings which through Ignorance and Frailty we commit shall upon our Prayers to God be forgiven us and that our wilful Transgressions when we repent of and forsake 'em through the Mediation of Christ and the Grace of the Gospel shall not be imputed to our Condemnation The summ also thereof according to Dr. Hammond In a word That Obedience to speak also in the Words of the Learned Dr. Hammond which is the Condition of the Second Covenant and of our being made Inheritors of the Kingdom of Heaven Negatively it is not a Perfect Exact Unsinning Obedience the never offending at all in any kind of Sin this is the Condition of the First Covenant Nor secondly is it never to have committed any deliberate Sin in the former Course of our Lives Nor thirdly never to have gone on or continued in any habitual or customary Sin for the time past But it is positively the New Creature or Renew'd Sincere Honest Faithful Obedience to the whole Gospel giving up the whole Heart unto Christ the performing of that which God enables us to perform and bewailing our Infirmities and Frailties and Sins both of the past and present Life and beseeching God's Pardon in Christ for all such and sincerely labouring to Mortify every Sin and to perform an uniform Obedience to God and from every Fall rising again by Repentance And thus if we Obey God's Holy Will and Commandments and Walk in the same all the Days of our Life we shall not fail to be Inheritors of the Kingdom of Heaven And thus I have fully Explain'd to you all the Conditions of the Covenant of Grace both on God's Part and on ours both what it is to be a Member c. which are the Mercies and Favours made over to us therein on God's Part and what it is to Renounce the Devil c. which are the Conditions to be perform'd on ours My next Task must be and then I shall give you a full account of all that pertains to the Nature and Substance of the Covenant of Grace to shew you what a happy State of Salvation this is to be in such a Gracious Covenant with GOD By whose Mediation we obtain'd it By whom and how we are called into it And lastly what infinite Thanks we owe to God for Calling us into this State of Salvation All which Points we have taught us in these Words And I thank God our Heavenly Father that he hath called me to this State of Salvation through Jesus Christ our Saviour THE XXIV Lecture And I heartily thank our Heavenly Father that he hath called me to this State of Salvation through Iesus Christ our Saviour I Have already in order to a full Explication of all that pertains to the Nature of the Covenant of Grace given you an account of the Terms and Conditions of it both on God's part and on ours as they are laid down and taught you in your Church-Catechism The invaluable Priviledges on God's part made over to you therein as you are taught in your Catechism and I have explain'd 'em to you are first That you are therein made Members of Christ secondly Children of God and thirdly Inheritors of the Kingdom of Heaven And those Conditions to be performed by us our part of the Covenant are That we should first Renounce the Devil and all his Works the Pomps and Vanities of this wicked World and all the sinful Lusts of the Flesh Secondly That we should believe all the Articles of the Christian Faith And Thirdly That we should keep God's Holy Will and Commandments and walk in the same all the days of our Life And what each several Article in this your gracious Covenant doth mean and import