Plinie affirmes that Men by the Donation of Nature have as long Haire on their Head as Women if they let it grow and ne're cut it The Haire in a more speciall manner was given Woman for a covering In all kind of Creatures and in every sexe Nature hath placed some note of difference Haire Regulated and the judgment of Nature is no way ambiguous where she hath granted by a peculiar indulgence as an Ornament and beauty the increase of long Haire even down unto the Feet Nature having allowed them in recompence of their smoothnesse and want of a Beard prolixe Haire which use hath rolled up a custome some seeme too strictly to urge who will not allow Women to have Haire hanging downe by their Cheeks but all to be bound up and hid Certainely such a dependant part by it selfe of its own Nature is not contrary to the Law of Nature or unlawfull neither is it intrinsically evill so that it can never be honest for positis ponendis it may stand with the honesty of Nature and the modesty of a Christian Woman But for a Woman to be shorne is cleerly against the intention of Nature in suffrage to which truth the Germans and ancient Gaules thought there could no greater punishment be inflicted upon a Woman for adultery then to cut her Haire and to turne her so disgracefully out of doors deprived of the peculiar Ornament of her sex It is noted also that that Consult of the Senate of Athens upon occasion of their Army which perished in Aegina was against the Law of Nature which commanded Men to nourish their Haire and the Women to cut theirs And no lesse despight against Nature shewed Aristodemus the Tyrant of Cumana when he commanded all the Virgins to be trimm'd round For Men to nourish long Haire is quite contrary to the intention of Nature even by the judgment of St. Paul Doth not Nature saith he teach you that long Haire in a Man is a shame 'T is true our common parent nature hath planted the Head the tower of Reason and the Senses and the principle Sanctuary of the faculty of the Soul with a fruitfull grove of Haire partly that they should imbibe the afflux of subrepent humours partly that this covering might be usefull against the injuries of Aire and the stings of insects yet she would not as it were by an irrefragable Edict establish asempiternall and unrestrained permission to the luxurie of Haire but made it lawfull for us to cut it according to our arbitrement and to revoke that superfluous and recrementitious off-spring of Haire to a just moderation and as we prune luxurious Vines so wee may take away and freely coerce that improficuous matter of Haire nourishing of extraordinarie long Haire having been ever infamous to Men in all ages and Tonsure comely necessary to the trimming of the Body proper healthfull and honorifique an argument of virility to a free and politique Creature as Man is for to what use or purpose should that superfluous crop of Haire serve or what emolument it can bring none can see unlesse it be to breed Lice and Dandro after the manner of your Irish who as they are a Nation estranged from any humane excellency scarce acknowledge any other use of their Haire then to wipe their hands from the fat and dirt of their meales and any other filth for which cause they nourish long fealt locks hanging down to their Shoulders which they are wont to use in stead of Napkins to wipe their greasie Fingers The Getae also and Barb'rous Indians are condemned for never cutting nor regulating their Haire as suffering themselves to enter into a nearer alliance with Beasts then ever Nature intended who hath made Man more smooth and nothing so hairy as they are The Haire Regulated For Man therefore to weare Haire so long as it may serve for a covering as Womans Haire is was never intended to be allowed by Nature since such Haire may somewhat hinder the actions of common life which the Nazarites who cut not their Haire seeing and knowing by sense they not only converted their Haire unto the sides but turned them behind their Ears and to the hinder parts of the Head by that meanes sparing their Haire and meeting with the inconvenience which may happen to the action of the Eye and Organ of the Eare if they be covered with Haire Which parting of the Haire occasioned that discerning Organ seam or Middle way which appears so commonly in Women being not a Naturall but an artificiall line of distinction because made by Art although for a Naturall end such as are the Actions of the said Eyes and Eares And in troth if wee examine the matter more fully to what end should wee either mingle or change the custome or the sequestring variance of virile Nature with Feminine that one Sex cannot be known or distinguished from another for wee that wee may be no lesse differing in our trimming and Ornament then we are in Sex doe cut our Haire neither is there any more Reason that we should counterfeit Women then they Men None can deny but that both have been accounted a shamefull reproach Diogenes to one with curled long Haire asking a question denied to answer untill he was ascertained whether he was a Man or a Woman But the maine Quaere is what long Haire it is that is repugnant to Nature against her Law and against above or beside the Naturall use and against the order of Nature Tonsure Regulated which very Beasts observe and which turnes to the Dammage of the user which is nothing else then to be strange from the end for which Haire was given to Man whether the Haire of Man ought to be any longer then barely to cover the skul or whether they should be allowed which touch not the Cranium and are not in the Head but notably descend below the skul and can bring no reliefe to the Head and whether such Haire can be either honest comely or full of Majesty Some think that God hath delineated the bounds of the Haire about the Forehead and that since the bounds are so Graphically struck out as it were with a paire of Compasses therefore it is not lawfull to transgresse these bounds Which doth not follow for by the same rule Women are to be shorne since they have originally those determined bounds of the Haire which are called by our Barbers the Normal Angles Because the Bones are delineated where they arise therfore should they run out no further Nature hath determined the place whence the Nerves arise ought they not therefore to spread over the Body but be cut off there where they arise It is no good argument from the bound of a things rising to the bound of its progresse And the Haire was not only intended to cover and warm the skul for it may cover the Temples and the Neck because there are most thin Bones This is the principle of the Nerves
which spread themselves over the whole Body and are cold by Nature therefore by the Counsell of the best Physitians these parts are to be covered with the Haire They therefore who would have us believe that the Haire should descend no lower then the Eares and which transcend those limits should contumeliously despight Nature The decency of Hair stated as having so much intrinsique malice in it as cannot stand with innocencie had need prove that Adam had scissers and cut his Haire in Paradise They are yet more severe who would have it against the Law of Nature to weare Haire below the skul for there is some difference between Nature and the law of Nature The Law of Nature is that which by reason of Rationall Nature is common to all Men among themselves which is written in the Hearts of all Men according to which they accuse or excuse themselves They are not of the Law of Nature which many Nations never had nor have notice of it must be known to all Men Some think this Law is written in all Mens Hearts explicitely as to some things implicitely as to others and we shall not charge all Nations of Malice or wilfull transgression against the law of Nature who nourish Haire besides the intention of Nature since there are many conclusions which are of the law of Nature which are not known to all Men. To conclude Haire long or short thick or thin more or lesse is a matter of indifferency wherein there is a variety incident according to the diversity of complexions ages seasons of the Yeare Climates or places of habitation diseases or health the prolixity or brevity whereof wee cannot positively determine Upon pretence of their hot Climate the Turks call such as weare long Haire on their Heads slovens and account them Salvage Beasts for they themselves weare no Haire at all upon their Heads We in colder climates are bound by a principle of Naturall practise and conveniency to reduce our Tonsure to a just moderation and decency wherein some regard must be had to custome which is the rule of decorum for he doth that which is ridiculous Black Haire affected and lesse honest and convenient who offends against Custome which is the Rule of Decency who being singular is Poled and closely cut among those who weare a bush or bushie among those who are Poled The Maldives esteem black Haire a great Beauty and make it come so by Art by continuall shaving keeping their Heads shaven untill eight or nine years they shave them from 8 dayes to 8 dayes which makes the Haire very black The Turks have a black powder made of a Minerall called Alcohole with which tincture they use to colour the Haire of their Heads and Beards black Lord Bacon Nat. Hist cen 8. vici And divers with us that are grown gray and yet would appeare young finde meanes to make their Haires black by combing it as they say with a leaden combe or the like Verily the Art Cosmetique refuseth to accommodate any in this businesse it being not to be attempted by Art since Naturall whitenesse of aged Haires is rather an Ornament then a shame unto the Head and therefore since graynesse as it cannot be amended so it ought not to be palliated with any Fucus and he that assaies to doe it is justly derided of whom Martial Mentiris juvenem tinctis Lentine capillis Martial l. 5. Epigr. Idem lib. 1. Epigr. 99. Tam subito corvus qui modo cygnus eras Non omnes fallis scit te Proserpina canum Personam capiti detrahet illa tuo Cana est barba tibi nigra est coma tingere barbam Non potes haec causa est sed potes Ole comam Artificiall black Haire Sandys Travels lib. 1. The Turkish Women also practise this Art of blacking their Haire as a foyle that maketh the white seem whiter and more becomming their other perfections Peter Mart. Decad 3. The Ciguanians if Nature deny it them make their Haire black by Art Plinie Nat. Hist lib. 3. The Water of the River Busentus would serve these People for a curious Cosmetique which is reported to have a propertie to die the Haire black The like would another River as that in Booetia which makes the fleeces black of those Sheep that are dipt in it Linschoten lib. 1. cap. 26. In Japan contrarie to the opinion of most Nations who think it a goodly sight to see Men with white and yellow Haire esteeme it the filthiest thing in the World and they seek by all meanes they can to make the Haire black for that the white causeth their griefe Trigaut lib. Iapon and the black maketh them glad And therefore they mourn in white In Germanie the Noble Virgins that they may seeme to have somewhat exotique and peregrine Haire or that they may differ from the Plebean Maides to whom the yellow or Golden colour is gratefull affect to have their Haire black Sic suum cuique pulchrum be it their own by traduction or artificiall purchase These Virgins seeme to themselves to doe as that Aethiope who lived in the Court of a certaine Germane Prince who often when he saw in the nursery a faire Virgin and withall a little black whelp he said unto the Virgin you are not faire but this Dog is faire and beautifull Gaudet sic concolor atro as Julius Scaliger saith And I have known some Women among us Yellow Haire affected who rejecting their own Haire for its Naturall rednesse have worn black curled locks which although it falsified their complexions and therein was a trespasse against Nature yet they seem to agree with their cleer skins as the Naturall doe with the black Women that are cleere skin'd This tincture of Haire is but a foolish and ridiculous affectation and many times proves a sinfull vanity Galen therefore a Famous Mr. in Cosmetiques would never communicate to any loose and wanton Woman any medicament to make their Haire black because he knew they would abuse it Hier. Merc. lib. de decoratione but to Matrons who lived honestly he willingly afforded this accommodation The Women of old time did most love yellow Haire and it is found that they introduced this colour by Safron and by long sitting daily in the Sun who instead of Safron sometimes used medicated Sulphur This Art of changing their Haire with Safron was called Crocuphantea Tertullian observing this artifice tels them that they are ashamed of their country and would be Gaulise Women or Germanie Women so much did they disguise themselves whereby is known how much red Haires were esteemed in the old time which to seeke out by Art St. Cyprian and St. Jerome with Tertullian doe say that the same doe prasage the fire of Hel. Galen affirmes that in his time most Women were dead with the Head-ache Galen lib. 1 de vestimentis localibus cap. 19 neither could there be any remedie applied to
this Evill Matenesius de luxu abusu vestium because they stood a long while bare-headed in the Sun to render their Haires yellow and he reports that for the same cause some of them lost their Haire and became bald Artificiall yellow Haire and were reduced to Ovids remedy for that defect either to borrow other Womens Haire or to ransack the Graves of the Dead for a dishonest supply Tertullian lib. de ornatu foeminarum Tertullian speaking of this thing saith that Women were punished for this their lasciviousnesse for that by reason of their daily long abode in the Sun their Heads were often most grievously hurt with the Head-ache Lucian in Epigram and it seems when this folly was grown habituall unto them it degenerated into Dotage for Lucian very lepidly derides an old Woman who notwithstanding shee was seventy Yeares of age yet shee would have her Haire of a yellow tincture and exhorts the old Mother to desist from her folly for although shee could colour her silver Haires yet shee could not recall her age The Venetian Women at this day and the Paduan and those of Verona and other parts of Italy practise the same vanitie and receive the same recompence for their affectation there being in all these Cities open and manifest examples of those who have undergone a kinde of Martyrdome to render their Haire yellow Schenckius observat lib. Schenckius relates unto us the History of a certaine Noble Gentlewoman about sixteen or seventeen yeares of age that would expose her bare Head to the fervent heat of the Sun daily for some houres that shee might purchase yellow and long Haire by anointing them with a certaine unguent and although she obtained the effect of her desires yet withall shee procured to her selfe a violent Head ach and bled almost every day abundantly through the Nose and on a time being desirous to stop the Blood by the pressing of her Nostrils not farr from her right Eye toward her Temple through a pore as it were by a hole made with a needles point the Blood burst out abundantly Mad affectat of yell Haire and taking away her fingers againe caused it to run through her Nose and at that very time shee was diseased by the obstruction of her courses Another Maid also by using this same Art Johannes Francus med Camicensis became almost blind with sore Eyes Had these Women known the secrets of the art Cosmetique invented to this effect especially that harmelesse and unknown rarity of Lusitanus Lusitanus cent 3. curat 59. they might have gone a better way to worke or had they known the tincture which the Aegyptian Women use to colour their Hands and Feet into a Golden hue they as Prosper Alpinus speaks could have nothing which they might more securely use to guild their Haire Prosper Alpinus lib de plant is Aegypt cap. 13. neither should they need to burne themselves in the Sun beams and diverse wayes offend their Heads neither by reason of this depraved tincture of their Haires would they as some Virgins have been affected with such perilous and wonderfull symptomes Vpon observation of which exemplary punishments Johannes Francus the Physitian thus speakes So they who are studious to augment their Beauty oftentimes deforme themselves What a curious accommodation to these People had some Fountaine been Plinie lib. 3. Nat. Hist cap. 106. that had a harmelesse property to colour their Haire according to their mindes such a one as the River Crathis mentioned by Plinie Ovid Metamorphosis whose Nature was to make Haire yellow which efficacy Ovid attributes to another Crathis hinc Sybaris nostris conterminus oris Electro similes faciunt Auroque Capillos Montanus taking notice of this erroneous practise of Women in his time in Verona Mad affecters of yell Haire and other parts of Italy very rationally and Learnedly observes that this endeavour for ornament cast them into a greater mischiefe for although they obtained their end in colouring their haires yet afterwards thereupon they become shorter hard and harsh whereas commonly Women have long and soft Haire But these Women choosing ever that which is worst use strong Waters which are dryers for although they think their Haire is coloured by them yet they rather burne them and make them short they destroy moreover their substance and which is worse they destroy life it selfe A caution to be considered of by our Gallants Io Bohem. de moribus gentium lib. 3. The European Galatians although they have yellow Haire by Nature yet they use great diligence to increase the Native colour making their Haires thicker by Art that they differ nothing from Horse maines In the low Countryes the Iewish Women who are all black Hair'd by Nature wear great yellow Periwigs which I suppose is either out of foolish dislike of their owne complexions or else a desire to conforme themselves to the generall hue of their Hair among whom they live or both Description of Nova Francia The Savages of Nova Francia although their vanity stretch not so far as to the curling of Haire yet it doth to the colouring of them for as much as when they are merry and paint their Faces be it with blew or with redd they paint also their Haires with the same colours And indeed painting the Haire of the Head hath been anciently noted in the Indians by many Poets who tooke occasion to describe them His coma liventes imitatur crine hyacinthos Tincture of Hair condem Ruffus Festus Dyonisius Afer Lucan Atque gerunt similes Hyacintho fronte capillos Et qui tingentes croceo medicamine crines Tincture of Haire is most shamefull and detestable in Men so in that impotent creature and untamed Animal Woman to the more honourable sort of whom Ornamentall dresses of Haire are permitted the indulgency is to be moderated and their licence herein granted them by Nature to be restrained within certaine bounds that it neither extend to too much curiosity or any fucus since all fucusses in the very endeavour of Beauty are ugly and dishonourable to Nature One thing saith Kornmannus is strange and most singularly remarkable out of Gulielmus Parisiensis upon the saying of St. Paul 1 Corinth 11. A woman ought to have her Head covered because of the the Angels This some have understood of the evill Angels whose lust they thought was vehemently provoked and inflamed by the Beauty of Womens Hair and hence the Incubi are more troublesome and prone to vex Women who have a faire head of Haire which happens througâ—h the just permission of God for the vanity pomp and idle complacency of such Women who spend too much time in trimming and colouring their Haire insolently glorying in that improved Ornament and oftentimes by their Beauty inflaming others to lust and so perchance for terrour the providence of Divine goodnesse permits them to suffer this tentation from evill spirits
their just and naturall constitution make a Head long short broad accuminate or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 36 That all figures of the Head are not equally naturall as Columbus supposeth 38 That that figure of the Head is naturall which is for the most part which also is commodious to the actions of Nature such being that which constitutes the naturall figure ibid. What naturall benefits they enjoy who have this figure with a decent magnitude ibid. Why this laterally compressed spheare should be the most proper and naturall figure of the head and the finall causes thereof enquired 39 40 41 The Nurses in those nations commended who have been tender in this point of offering violence to nature leaving her free to her own course not using any thing to hinder the naturall growth of the Head 41 A private example of the benefit received by a renunciation of all artificiall contrivance formerly practised on the Head upon imaginary conceits of beauty and generosity 42 A strange History of an artificiall Hydrocephalos 30 31 Horned Nations 28 29 By what art some of them come to have hornes on their Heads 30 Children born with hornes on their Head and men and women cornuted by a disease 28. 29 Bicipites or men with two Heads 31 32 33 The birth of such monsters ever held prodigious 34 The reason of such strange productions ibid. Acephali or headlesse Nations 20 21 22 23 The doubt of their originall resolved and that they are of Adams progeny 24 25 The finall cause of these prodigious apparitions 25 Why such monsters concurre not to the perfection of the universe ibid. A reason given of this monstrous alienation from the humane forme 26 Infants born without Heads ibid. That reason may perswade us that it is not impossible that the instruments of Nature may perform their office although the head be not advanced above the shoulders 26 27 The artifice which is supposed they use to reduce their Heads below their shoulders 27 That the donation of Nature in the use of the Necke is lost by this artifice 27 28 Nations who use art to alter the substance and temper of their Heads 42 Block Heads and Logger Heads where in request ibid. By what severall artifices they purchase this property of a hard head 43 That by the concurrent temper of the Climate and this artifice their sutures doe grow together and are obliterated their skuls growing solid ibid. Soft-heads where a tearme of reproach 42 That it is inconvenient to keep the Head to warm 44 Where the women have the suture Coronalis loose and how they defend it from the injury of the aire The mistake of Celsus affirming these hard-Headed Gallants heads to become hereby more firme and safe from pain moderately expounded by Fallopius 44 45 46 That although they gain a defence against outward injuries more then the ordinary provision of Nature doth afford yet that they thereby become more obnoxions to internall to wit dâ—seases arising from the retention of fuliginous vapours 44 That their thick skuls may render them more indocile and oblivions ib. The justice and wisdome of Nature about Sutures suffering in the opinion of Celsus experimentally vindicated by Columbus 45 46 Haire NAtions esteeming the Hair upon the Head a very great reproach therefore affecting baldnesse 47 48 Where women shave their Heads and not men and are accounted fairest when their heads are shaven 48 49 The Haire maintained an ornament of the Head against those who would have it an abject excrement which Nature never intended for an ornament 49 50 The Haire no extrement and why ibid. The naturall uses of the haire set out 50 51 That they who cut them wholly away doe not onely bring a deformity upon Nature but afford an occasion of defluxions 50 All the waies of decalvation practised by the ancients to the prejudice of Nature condemned 51 Cosmetiques commended as laudable which preserve Haire for the use and intention of Nature ibid. That shaving the Head is a disgrace put upon Nature ibid. That an indeleable character of infamy cleaves to his name who first suffered the Haire of his Head to be shaved ibid. That his wit was misimployed who tooke upon him to commend baldnesse ibid. Nations who shave the foreparts of their Head 53 54 Nations that shave the hinder part of their Head onely ibid. Long dangling Earelocks worne before where a renewed fashion and a pestilent custome 54 Nations who weare their haire long on the right side of their Head and shave the left side ibid. That these men deprive themselves in a manner of halfe the benefit intended them by Nature 55 The vindication of Nature from this affront 57 58 Where the women use to cut their haire and the men weare it long 56 That the Haire was given women for a covering 57 That Haire hanging down by the Cheeks of women of it 's owne Nature is not contrary to the Law of Nature or unlawfull 58 For a woman to be shorne is against the intention of Nature ibid. For men to nourish long haire is quite contrary to the intention of Nature 58 59 60 That such long haire would hinder the actions of common life 60 Tonsure necessary 59 The regulation of the haire of man according to the rules of decorum ibid. 60 What long Haire it is that is repugnant to Nature against her law and above and besides the naturall use 60 The decency of haire stated 62 63 Nations extreamely affecting black Haire 63 64 By what art they make it come so ibid. The practise of blacking gray Haires ridiculous 63 Nations which of old did and at this day doe affect yellow Haire 65 68 By what meanes they introduced this colour ibid. How they were and are punished for this their lasciviousnesse 65 66 67 Tincture of Haire both in men and women a shamefull thing and dishonourable to Nature 66 67 68 69 How the indulgence and licence granted unto women in matters of ornamentall dresses of Haire is to be moderated 69 Painting of Haire an ancient custome with the Indians 68 Inconveniences supposed to happen to women by the affected beauty of the Haire 69 Nations that anoint their Haire 70 The like vanity observed in our gallants ibid. The effeminate powdering of Haire exploded 70 71 Frizling and curling and plating the Hair with hot Irons an old vanity 71 72 Periwigs an ancient vanity 72 73 Hands LIttle Hands where in fashion and accounted a great beauty in women 287 What art they use to have them so ibid. What women are noted to have the least Hands of any women in the World ibid. Nations that paint their Hands red 288 Where they make their Hands of a golden tincture ibid. Hands painted with a tawney colour ibid. Hands painted with flowers and Birds ibid. Monsters borne with 4 Hands 301 Monsters born with three Hands ibid. Nations with two Hands on the right side ibid. Nations with six Hands ibid. Monsters borne with one Hand ibid.
Nations that have but one Hand 301 302 Monsters borne without Hands 302 303 The strange recompence such Monsters finde 303 Nations that want Hands 306 A strange story of one born with a stones in one Hand and one in the other L Leg. NAtions that have but one Leg. 422 Long-Legg'd Nations 423 433 Certaine People where the women affect to have their thighs hips and Legs very thick 425 What art they use to accommodate their fancies in this busines ib. The folly of this custome derided ibid. Other people where the men and women affect great Calves and full Legs 425 426 The absurd Cavill of Momus against the frame of the Leg of man exploded 426 427 A Calfe-swelling punishment inflicted upon some Nations 427 A Crane Legg'd man 428 Little Legs in women what signe 4â—7 Where the women are well proportioned in their Legs ibid. A way to bring Legs to a convenient magnitude 429 Low-pitch'd Calves where in request 430 What industry they use to have it so ibid. High pitcht Calfes where in request 429 430 What meanes they use to advance the Calfe ibid. The impertinency in tampering with Childrens weak Legs 431 432 Their opinion confuted by experience who thinke Children would have distorted Legs unlesse they were diligently involved and constringed in swaithbands 336 That this indiscreet swaithing of Children is many times a cause of the crookednesse of the Legs 334 The crookednesse of the Knee and Leg bones in the Rickets how sometimes occasioned 328 229 A Tailors and Bakers Legs how caused 432 Nations that make lists or markes on their Legs which are esteemed with them a great gallantry 433 Where the womens Legs are crooked ibid. Where the women almost all of them halt ibid. Short-legg'd Nations ibid. Centaures and Onocentaures 437 Men with the Legs of other animals 433 434 435 436 Monsters with the Head and privities of men but with the hand and feet of Apes 437 438 Their originall 437 Satyrs and their originall 439 Gynny Drils of what Tribe 440 Monsters with foure Legs 300 Which kinde of Ape is most like man 441 When Apes began to grow like men 443 Sea-men or men fishes 444 The opinion of the learned concerning semi-men and semi-Beasts 445 Lips VVHere they brand their Lips with red hot Irons especially their upper Lips so make streaks and lines in them 176 Nations that bore holes in their Lips to set precious stones rings and other things therein 176 177 178 179 180 181 The use of the Lips set out 181 182 What uses are hindered or frustrated to the prejudice of Nature by the boring and lading the Lips with Jewels and other things 182 Nations that seem not to understand the naturall uses of Lips 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 Nations that have flat mouths without lips 170 Nations that have copp'd fastigiated Lips ibid. Where there are men who have Lips of a monstrous bignesse 174 Imputed to a prevarication of art ibid. Where they love those that have thick lips ibid That great Lips redound to the prejudice of Nature in her operations 174 175 Where they have Lips propendent a cubit low which they nourish instead of a beard 171 172 That they are hereby dumb ibid. Nations that have their lips about their mouth so great that when they steep in the sun they cover all their faces with their Lips 173 Some that can bind their Heads with their Lips as well as women do with their haire ibid. Prodigiously prominent and thick lips ibid. 174 Nations that have concrete lips with a hole only in the middle 170 Haire-lips their cause and cure 175 M Mouth VVIde mouths where affected by women they being accounted most beautifull who have the widest mouths 167 168 A conjecture of their using Art to have them so ibid. The naturall proportion of the mouth 169 For women to affect the commendation of beauty in a wide mouth much derogates from the honesty of Nature and her ordinary justice 169 What they may probably suffer by a mouth so wide 170 A little Mouth most commendable in women 169 Why the mouth was given to man 168 Misplaced mouths 175 Men with monstrous mouths 170 Nations that have but one hole in their face ibid. Dwarfes that have no mouths ibid. N Nailes LOng Nailes where extreamely affected as a signe of idle Gentility 289 290 291 292 The hindrance that this affected fashion causeth to the operations of the tops of fingers 291 295 Where it is one of the points of bravery with the principall women to weare long nailes 293 This noted as a great Solicisme in Nature 298 Where to weare long nailes on the Thumbe is a prerogative royall 293 Where they never pare their Nailes 192 193 Long unpared nailes condemned as against the intention of Nature 296 The end of the growth of the nailes not to repaire their decay by wearing 298 Nailes never intended as weapons of offensive scratching in man or woman 298 299 That the care of conforming extravagant Nailes to the Law of Nature appertaines to reason and the practique intellect 264 295 296 297 Long Nailes thought by some to be a sin 297 The use of the Nailes 298 Where the women cut their nailes and jog them round 289 The dignity and majesty of Nature in the encrease of nailes defended 294 Where it is the fashion and beauty of the Country to make the nailes of their hands red yellow and party coloured and where they gild them 288 289 How they do it ibid. Their offence against Nature noted and the naturall beauty of the Naile vindicated 290 Necks MEn with Necks of a Cubit long 275 Nations with their Necks so long that they resemble the neck of a Crane ibid. 276 Long gangrell Necks inconvenient ibid. Philoxenes his wish for a long Neck exploded ibid. Nations that have no Neck 277 That it is not impossible for a man to live without a Neck 278 An Infant borne without a neck 277 Where men and women have gutturall bottles hanging down at their throat even to their navels 278 The cause of that swelling in their throats 279 Nose VVHere the women cut and pare their Noses between their Eyes that they may seeme more flat and saddle Nosed 112 This trespasse against beauty and the majesty of Nature exploded 113 What benefits and reall beauties these people deprive themselves of by this affected deformity 114 Where they use to cut off their Nostrils from their Noses 115 Nations that have no Nose nor nostrils 116 The ornament and naturall beauty of the Nose maintaâ—ned 116 117 The utility of the Nose and the beauty of office or officiall elegancy thereof declared 118 The reasons why the Nose was placed in the middle of the Face between the Eyes 114 Men whose Noses are flat like broken winded Horses 119 An Infant born with such Nostrils ibid. Where they are held for the finest women who have little Noses 120 What art they use to prohibit the
noted to be Celsus therefore is mistaken where he affirmes their Heads to become thereby more firme and safe from pain but he more derogates from the justice and Wisdome of Nature when he affirmes that the fewer sutures there be the health of the Head is more thereby accommodated both which opinions of Celsus Fallopius very moderately expounds by way of distinction saying Gabr. Fallopius comment in lib. Gal. de Ossibus that his opinion is partly true and partly false for if you understand him of those affections that have pain from an internall cause then it is so farr that their Heads should not ake that they rather ake since there are found many affections which arise from vapours and smoak retained but if we understand it of those griefs which may arise from long abode under the Sun or from the coldnesse of the ambient Aire his opinion is most true because since there are no sutures there can be no transpiration of externall aire hot or cold therefore he must be understood of paines which proceed from an extrinsique cause But the other part of his opinion is not to be endured of those who tender the reputation and honour of Nature For Reald. Columb Anat. lib. 1. cap. 5. Columbus from many most certaine arguments drawn from experience and dissections made upon the skuls of many men and which is more strange and scarce credible some Women who have died of incurable Head-aches have been assured finding in their skuls small sutures and those conjoyned close together that their paines have been occasioned from that too close composition of bones and hath hence tooke a just occasion to right Nature by this honourable conclusion That the sutures of the Head doe not only conferre to the defence of the Bodies health but do conferr more unto it by how much the greater and looser they shall be Wherefore saith he I could never approve of the opinion of Cornelius Celsus asserting that Heads without sutures are not only most strong and firme but also free from all manner of griefs such as are to be found in hot and scorching Regions for he only takes notice of causes hurting the Head from without sure if the saying of Celsus were true those Heads should be weaker and more apt to suffer which had remarkable sutures then those which had small or no sutures at all But since it is otherwise and the Braine is more apt to be damnified by internall fuliginous recrements then outward injuries we must conclude that those Heads which have more ample sutures are far safer from paine then those that are destitute of them or are intersected with small and very close ones SCENE II. Bald pates Certaine Fashions of Haire affected by divers Nations and their opinions and practise about Haire-rites most derogatory to the Honour of Nature THe Arymphaei who dwell near the Ryphaean Mountaines Ravisius ex Herodoto esteem Haire upon the Head to be a very great shame and reproach and therefore they affect baldnesse and are so from their nativity both men women The Arnupheae as Pliny reports be all shorne and shaven Pliny lib. 6. for both Men and Women count it a shame to have haire on their Heads The Argippaei Jo Bohemus de ritibus gent. lib. 2. that live under the roots of the high mountains in Scythia are bald from their Nativity both Men and Women Lindschoten lib 1. cap. 26. The Japonians account it for a great Beauty to have no Haire wh ch with great care they do pluck out only have a bunch of Haire on the Crown of their Heads which they tye together Grimstone of their manners Another saith some of them pull away their Haire before and others behind and the peasants and meaner sort of People have halfe the Head bald the Nobility and Gentry have few Haires behind and if any one touch them that are left they hold it for a great offence Sr. John Mandevils Travels cap. 54. In the Land of Lombe wher groweth good Wine and Women drinke Wine and Men none the Women shave their Heads and not Men. That the Haire should be as these Nations conceive a most abject excrement an unprofitable burthen and a most unnecessary and uncomely covering and that Nature did never intend that excrement for an Ornament is a piece of Ignorance or rather malicious impiety against Nature How great an Ornament the Haire is to the Head appears by the deformity is introduced by baldnesse If the Haire were an excrement it should be shut quite out of the Body but this remaines in and they have many different accidents of which they ought to give a finall cause and not to tie them to the necessity of matter which is supposed one end of their production Neither doe they proceed from the fuliginous excrements of the Braine as some are pleased to think but rather as Spigelius well notes of Blood attracted by the root of the Haire unto the rest of the Plant and Trunck which may be procured from those things which in other Creatures hold analogy with the Haires of Man And therefore when the Braine is consumed baldnesse ensues the allowed plenty of blood exhausted to wit The Naturall use of Haire that from whence Haires and wherewith the Braine and the circumstant parts are nourished The prime end therefore of the Haire of the Head is to defend the skin the second use is to defend the Braine from injuries from without or from within From without there may happen to fall upon it Aire Raine Haile from within Vapours exhaling from the inferior parts may prove troublesome The Aire may hurt the Head many waies by coldnesse constipating the Pores of the skin whence the regresse of Vapours is exhibited by heat whence the Spirits are dissipated and the Braine as it were sod by moistnesse relaxing the internall parts by drinesse astringing all and consuming the innate humiditie against all these inconveniences which the foolish malice of these Men bring upon their Heads the Haire by covering the Head doth very aptly bring reliefe Raine moistens Haile smites on it the density of the Haire keeps off one the other the ductus or course of the Haire turns away for the thicknesse of the Haire admits not easily of Raine and the turnings of the Haire doe straightway cast off the Haile that fals upon the Head In like manner they abate the force of internall Contingencies for they affoord a passage to Vapours elevated from the inferior parts and ascending to the top of the Head granting a free and open way unto them And since the Braine is severed so farr from the Fountaine of heat and confining so neer the Bones and under them fenced with no fat these Haires protect and warme it They therefore that cut them wholly away doe not only bring a deformitie upon Nature but affoord an occasion to defluxions Wee must avert then from Nature these calumnies of
the opinions and practices of Men That no Haire is necessary or comely in Man That Haires are a purgament of the Body altogether unprofitable growing only that they may be shaved being made by Nature to doe nothing and recommend those Cosmetiques as laudable which preserve Haire for the use and intention of Nature condemning all those wayes of decalvation practised by the Ancients to the prejudice of Nature nothing but the rigid law of inexorable necessity in case of diseases being able to excuse Man for introducing upon himselfe a voluntary baldnesse shaving generally speaking being servile ridiculous and proper to Fooles and Knaves an infamous blot of effeminacy an index of ignominy calamitie and dammage uncomely because allied unto depiled baldnesse being in sooth a voluntary spontaneous and wilfull baldnesse shaving off the Head unto the quick being from all antiquity appropriated unto Fooles being proper in them to signifie the utter deprivation of Wit and understanding and at first began in mockery and to move laughter not to mention how repugnant it is to divine writ it is apparently a shame and a disgrace put upon Nature and the reproach as anindeleble Character of infamy cleaves unto the memory of him who beares the Name of Corses for being the first who suffered the Haire of his Head to be shaved His wit therefore was affected with a shamefull and impious Itch who scratcht his Head for such a Paradox as praised baldnesse Sinesius by Name who therein shewed more Wit then Honesty for because Dion had justly commended a bush of Haire he forsooth on the contrary would take upon him to commend baldnesse That the Haire is a Naturall Ornament all Allegoricall Authors have significantly maintained The Naturall Dign of Hair and that the depravation and voluntary absence thereof is a blemish and introduceth an aspect of humiliation most Nations have by their practice asserted and therein given their suffrage to the Naturall comelinesse thereof Amongst the Indians the King causeth the Haire of the greatest Malefactors to be cut thinking that to be the greatest reproach and punishment Herodot Purchas Pilgr 2. lib. 10. The Persians and the Canaryns Women cut their Haire at the Funerall of their Friends Idem pilgr. 2. lib. 7. The People of Brasil and Southerne parts of America although when they are angry they let their Haire grow long when they mourne they cut it Idem Pilgr 2. lib. 7. In Pegu Men and Women that be neer akin shave their Heads in signe of mourning Jeremiah 48. cap. 37. And baldnesse and a shaved Head were practicall tokens of mourning among the Jews Munster Cosmograph lib. 6. cap. 38. The Aegyptians onely who have many strange customs contrary to Nature whereas most mortals in Funerals shave their Heads and let their Beards grow long they on the contrary let their Haire grow long and shave their Beards Herberts Travels They of the Cape of Good Hope some shave one side of their Heads and leave the other curled and long Grimstone of their manners The inhabitants of S. Croix of the Mount their Heads are shaven bare on either side having a tuft of Haire in the midst some shave but one halfe either on the right side or on the left and most of them round about suffering the Haire to grow in the midst they say they received this custome from one Paicume Capt. Smiths Hist of Virginia The Sasquesahanoughs a Giant-like People of Virginia weare their Haire on the one side long the other short and close with a ridge over their Crownes like a Cocks combe The Dacians shave the crowne of their Head suffering the Haire to grow in the middle clipping it here and there in orbe Although these Men deprive themselves in a manner of halfe the benefit intended them by Nature yet some of them did it not out of any malice to Nature for whereas they had before-time much Haire upon their Fore-heads and the Enemy taking occasion thereby to lay hold on them the more easily they shaved themselves before and kept their Haire long behind But the ancient Gaules had no such colourable excuse but they remained as they use to paint opportunity Fronte capillata post est occasio calva And if the Maxies and the inhabitants of the Cape of Good Hope offer no affront to Nature in shaving one halfe of their Heads and letting the other grow Mens Haire fillited David was very impertinently angry with Hanun for serving his Ambassadors after that manner and they needed not to have staid at Jericho untill their Haire was grown And Demosthenes might have walked abroad without reproach when he had thus shaved his Head that for shame of being seen in so deforming a Garb of Haire he might keep the closer unto his study Neither are your Catch-Poles thus shaved at the Inns of Court any way ill intreated Pet. Mart decad 3. They of the Region Quicuri in the West Indies the Women use to cut their Haire but the Men let it grow behinde which they binde up with fillets and winde it in sundry rols as our Maides are accustomed to doe Cap Smiths Hist of Virginia The Women the Naturall Inhabitants of Virginia are cut in many Fashions agreeable to their Yeares but ever some part remaineth long Capt. Smiths descrip of New England In New England among the Native Inhabitants when a Maid is Married shee cutteth her Haire and keeps her Head covered untill it be growne again Pet. Mart. decad 7. Hieron Giravae Cosmograph The Chicoranes nourish their black Haire down to their Girdles and the Women in longer traces round about them both Sexes tie up their Hair Magin Indor In China the Men as well as the Women doe weare long Haire rolling it up upon the top of their Heads which they fasten with a silver pin Magin America In Peru the Men weare long Haire which they binde up with fillets Lindschoten The Bramenes never cut their Haire but weare it long and turned up as the Women doe Purchas Pilgr 2. lib. 9. The Quieteves Haire-Fashion is in hornes mocking them that want them as Women Long-haired Men. for as the Males have hornes which the Female Beasts want so these salvage Beasts also The Quieteves have a Fashion none may imitate four hornes one of a span long on the mould of the Head like a Unicorne and three of halfe a span one on the Neck at each Eare another all upright to the top In Savoy Plin. Nat. Hist lib. 11. Dauphine and Languedock about the Alpes both Men and Women wear long Haire whereupon a part of France was called Comata D. Junius the reverend Pastor of Delph Revius de usu Capillitii doth witnesse that in an Island called the Beautifull Island the Men wore their Haire as long as Women which they had much adoe to make them leave off Whereby you may see it is true what
had Haires grown in the Forehead which could not have been suffered without prejudice to the Eies whom they will have shadowed to remove which obstacle we should have stood in need of continuall tonsure which Nature providently prevented lest our Body should have perpetually made worke for us 'T is true that part in Bruits which answers to the Forehead is hairy yet is thought no way to hinder the action of their Eyes but that may be in regard their Eyes are placed more to the sides then mens are and their prone aspect makes it not so inconvenient and therfore we may with Hofman aske whether the erect Figure of Man did not require such a smoothnesse and bare Forehead the growing of Haire in such an insolitary place is accounted and reckoned by Platerus for a deformity since a large smooth Forehead is thought to add somewhat to the beauty of the part They therefore who thus labour to remove the bound and Haire-marke of Nature to cloud the throne of Love and Honour and the Imperiall seat and mansion place of Wisdome placed in the front of Man offer a grosse indignity and despight unto Nature and seeme to claime kindred of Cats and Sowes who among other hairy fronted Animals have little and narrow Foreheads And if Nature should justly answer them in their folly of forcing their Haire to a preternaturall descent and streightning their Foreheads more then is convenient as shee sometimes doth shee should send much crasse and excrementitious humours about the forepart of the Braine which should make their Faces more inelaborate and confused that in their little Foreheads by reason of tegument of Haire and the humours in the forepart being lesse perfrigerated then is fit and heat agitating the humours there should ensue such a moveable disposition as should intercept and abate the purity of judication which are the common accidents of such Foreheads for little Foreheads containe but smal ventricles of the brain whence the spirits streightned and reflected rise againe causing a mobility of cogitation Now it seemes to me who am a little enabled by plodding on this argument to smell out the abusive suggestions of the grand Enemy of Mankinde who labours all he can to alter and deprave that part of the Image of God which remaines in the Fabrick of man that in the conformation of their Foreheads they prevaricated two waies either by making their Foreheads more august then is Naturall according to longitude or according to latitude High Foreheads affected either by so compressing the skul and Temples equally on each side the Head was elongated from the forepart into the hinder part and so the Forehead streightned more then was necessary and the decent longitude in the bone failed the other way was by laying the Hand above their Infants Foreheads so that the end of the Vola or Palme fell about the roots of the Haire and their fingers above the suture Coronalis so strongly compressing the Bone untill they streightned the Forehead and made it longer in both which they offered great violence to Nature in thus perverting the Naturall forme of the Forehead The Spanish Women seem to be so extreamly affected with a high Forehead and to account it so transcendent a beauty that they extend the borders of the Forehead beyond the naturall confines of the Haire making the Synciput or forepart of the Head all Forehead for by a wonderfull invention and artifice they take off the Haire of the Synciput and lay it bare so that it lies open in a larger extent then the Forehead it selfe Which art of making a faire Forehead Oswaldus Gabelhover Oswaldus Gabelhover seems either to have learned of them or they of him Spigelius The Russians love a broad Forehead and use art to have theirs so Their Faces being explained and drawn out in their infancy thereby to direct their Foreheads to grow in this forme All endeavour to pervert and alter the Naturall form of the Forehead Broad Foreheads is a disparagement of Nature and any mutation wrought therein by Art implies a fault imperfection and privation and the further the altered figure recedes from the Naturall the greater the affected transgression of the Phancie is But to speake the truth a broad square Forehead so it be proportionate is not a figure much different from the Naturall And indeed to the Russians who are of a square proportion for the most part broad short and thick a broad Forehead which in a manner resembles a quadrangle may be somewhat suitable I call that a quadrangle broad Forehead which is longer in one part and hath two opposite sides equall having right upper angles in the front produced unto the Bones of the Temples and ending in that part wherin the Anterior implantation of Temporall Muscles ariseth which quadrangular figure since it hath two equall sides opposite one unto the other one of these greater sides of the quadrangle is above nigh to the Haire the other opposite unto it is described in a right line stretched about both the Eye-brows and protracted even unto the extreame parts of them The lesser sides are those which are noted by a line descending by both the Temples and knitting in both the greater sides together which figure is Platonick for from such a broad Face and Forehead Plato had his name as Plutarch and Nearchus report The People of Syginnns a City of Aegypâ— use great care to have exporrected Foreheads However this politick Nation may delude themselves with the opinion and practise of this errour yet there is nothing in this affected Fashion that is very manly a round prominent Forehead with such a convexity being rather feminine nay hath somewhat in it of the Forehead of an Asse Baldus would call such a Forehead elevated in the middle seeming to represent the lesser halfe of a Spheare a ridiculous monster being a preternaturall figure which cannot afford a good Wit which is a passion following the Naturall state of the Head and if I should not charge them with tampering with the mould of their Foreheads as I think I justly might since what ever any Nation affects as fashionable that they account most amiable and decent and the Gallants will have if Nature denie it them by the provocations of Art as that will doe it yet we must accuse them of a high Trespasse committed against the Majestie of Nature in that by that laboured prominence of their Forehead they apparently damnifie Nature in one of the most considerable and important actions of the Eye which is the sublime and contemplating aspect thereof to Heaven To vindicate the regular beauty and honesty of Nature from these Plastique Impostors we say that a Forehead that keeps its Naturall magnitude is one of the unisons of the Face whose longitude which we must conceive of a right line descending perpendicularly is the third part of the Face and ought to answer the length of the Nose so that if wee compare
it to the rest of the Face it ought to have the proportion of a halfe part to a duple its longitude also naturally is such that the front is likewise in a duple proportion of one to two you may conferre it with the gyre of the hinder part of the Head after this manner let the occiput of a man well proportioned be measured with a thread beginning at the part of the Temples wherein the Haires terminate the Forehead and leading it round in orb by the occiput untill you end in the other part of the Temples this thread will prove halfe the length which is from both the Temples by the front and Synciput this is the length of the Forehead and is to the circumference of the Occiput under which the last venter of the braine is and the beginning of the After-braine as one to two and its altitude to the rest in like manner and to the whole Face that it is its third not otherwise also then it is the third part of the whole circumference of the Head This Forehead is also called a great Forehead Cloudy Foreheads affected if it be compared with a feminile Forehead and it appeares so much the greater the more it approacheth to a plainnesse being neither globous nor tuberous as the Forehead of Women Boyes or those which transposed beyond Nature by the violence of Art are The reason why the Forehead should rather draw nigh to a certaine plainnesse then a concavity or a convexity is this for that plainnesse is a certaine meane between a convex and a concave figure Now a front that is disposed according to Nature comes into a Naturall mediocrity because that conduceth most to the advantage of Man that he might be vigorous in sence and memory which he cannot well exercise unlesse he have an out-jetty of the occiput which could not be done unlesse the part of the Spheare opposite unto it should be pressed together therefore it is so framed that a plaine Forehead is adjoyned to a tuberous occiput A contrivance cleane crossing the intention of Nature Stigmatiz'd Fore-heads who never meant the Forehead should be alwaies cloudy nor ever cleere but to change scenes occasionally according to the severall affections of the mind The ingenious Women are marked with certaine notes in the Forehead Johan Bohem. de moribus lib. 3. which is accounted a kind of generosity they esteeming it an argument of ignoblenesse to be without them Among the Thracians also these frontall characters were most familiar Pancerol tit 2. de porcell and esteemed a great ensigne of Honour and Nobility Cicero's phrase is that they were notis compuncti and hence such marks were called Threiciae notae and many of the Indians are at this day of the same opinion and practise I remember to have seen in London a well favoured Blackmore Boy who had the mark of a barbed Arrow standing in the midst of his Forehead The penall lawes of some states have indeed inflicted upon runnegate slaves and Malefactors Spotted Foreheads as notes of slavery and infamy branded markes on the Forehead but for Men ingenious and free to affect such stigmaticall characters as notes of bravery and Ensignes of Honour and Nobility is a very strange phantasticall prevarication for Nature never intended the Forehead to be Tanquam rasa Tabula a faire blanke table of the affections and a plaine Index of the mind not to be charged with our artificiall characters but the Naturall impression of motion only Purchas pilgr. 2. lib. 10. The Bramines of Agra marke themselves in the Forehead Eares and throat with a kind of yellow geare which they grinde and every morning they doe it and so doe the Women Idem eod lib. 9. The Gentiles of Indostan Men and Women both paint on their Foreheads and other parts of their Faces red or yellow spots The Gusaretes and Banianes of Cambaia they weare a Starr upon their Forehead which they rubb every morning with a litle white saunders tempered with Water and three or four grains of Rice Lindschot l. 1. The Malabars and Mestichos have also some such Frontall custome Pet. Mart. d ee 1. The Cyguanians are of a horrid aspect much like the People called Agathyrsis of whom the Poet Virgill speaketh for they were all painted and spotted with sundry colours and especially with black and red which they make of certain fruits nourished in their Gardens for the same purpose with the juice whereof they paint themselves from the Forehead even unto the knees Painted Foreheads which painting the Spaniard used as a stratagem to take their King The Relator saith that a Man would think them to be incarnate Divels broke out of Hell they are so like Hell-hounds I am sure they violate and impudently affront Nature thus to obscure the Naturall seat of shame and modest bashfulnesse with their painting so that the flushings of the Purple blood which Nature sends up to releive the Front in the passion of shame cannot significantly appeare in their Native hue Beetle-browes affected SCENE IV. Eye-brow Rites or the Eye-brows abus'd contrary to Nature Ex relatione amici ingeniosi THe Russian Ladies tie up their Foreheads so strict with fillets which they are used to from their Infancy that they cannot move their Eye-brows or use any motion the meaner sort also affect it the skin is so streined that one would wonder how they could endure it but they being used unto it from their infancy it is easie What a plot have these Women upon Nature thus to bind their Eye-brows to the observation of so strict and unnaturall a silence to hinder her in one of her most significant operations and to exclude that part of the mind which useth to be exhibited by the Eye-brows Montaigne in his Essaies Among some Nations Beetle-brows are in fashion which is not only quite against Zeno's Philosophy but against the ordinance of Nature thus perversely to joyn whom she hath separated Stiff strein'd Foreheads and Beetle-brows affected For this intercilar space was intended by Nature to distinguish and divide the hairy arches of the Eye and to make good that laudable duplicity or Naturall fraternitie of the parts of the Face In the Indies Purchas his Pilgr the Cumanans pluck off all the Haire of their Eye-brows taking great pride and using much superstition in that unnaturall depilation In Nombre de Dios Lindschot li. 2. the Women with a certaine Hearb make the Haire of their Eye-brows fall off In Peru they use offerings in pulling off the Haire of their Eye-brows to offer unto the Sun Purchas his Pilgrimage The Brasilians also eradicate the Haire of their Eye-brows Idem eodem From the perpetuall magnitude of these Haires Gal. 10. de usu partium and those of the Eyelids Galen takes an occasion to deride Moses and Epicurus Rabi Moses in Aphorism Montanus Med.
light contraction of the Forehead A Nose thick not acute but rather great then small a Face great and not bony a great Mouth firme teeth not thin of an indifferent size and white 32 in number his upper jawes are equall to the lower jawes and neither exceede nor are exceeded or put forth beyond each other for so Man would be deformed but nature makes the Masculine perfect and what is perfect according to the naturall state all that is very beautifull such therefore ought to be the exact Symetry of the jawes his Eares not too big nor too little well engraved dearticulate a Head of a moderate magnitude drawing nearer yet to a greater then a lesse and venerable withall To the absolute forme of a Womans Face there goes afaire white Forehead marked with no wrinkles or lines longer then that of Mans is and drawing to a roundnesse about the Temples that it seems to represent a Turkish bow inverted The absolute perfections of a womans face wherein there appears not any tumour or gibbosity or any cloud no severity or sadnesse but a pleasant and modest cheerefulnesse a Face round pleasant and elegant to behold A little Mouth somewhat but scarce opening small white teeth somewhat short even in number just 28 not thin nor too hard closed together somewhat full lips Corall imitating Vermilion a little disjoyned yet so as the teeth are scarce discovered whilest shee holds her peace or laughs not unmoved that is such a woman that doth not rest nor bite nor suck her lips these lips thus described add a wonderfull grace and dignity to a womans visage neither is the Nose to be omitted the honour and Ornament of the countenance which represents the outward part of a Rose of a meane size strait cleane with a certaine obtusenesse acute but the holes of their nostrils small A round white pill'd or smooth Chin the Candor whereof seems to introduce into the beholders mind a certaine suspition of a Rosie colour but no tract at all nor any perception of haires is to be seen either in the lips or Chin A small short Purple Tongue most certainly doth best become a woman which yet is scarce or never seen the tip scarce appearing whiles shee speakes the Eye-brows ought to be black subtile disjoyned soft and sweetly arched Somewhat black Eyes declining to smallnesse concave rolling laughing pleasant and shining The Bals of the Cheeks round altogether void of haires fleshie rosie and resembling the red Sun-shine Apples of Autumne Above these remaine the Temples which ought to be no lesse white then the Forehead and without suspition of any bones yet not swoln nor depressed but in a manner a little and scarce concave Eares graven somewhat short The too officious art of stroaking up the Nose of Infants noted soft and delicate aspersed with the dilucid colour of Roses The whole Head rather little then great more round then a mans comely erect and elevated These are the Naturall beauties of the parts belonging both to a Man and Womans Face yet no Man may hereupon conclude that Face to be beautifull and perfect in all its number that hath all these conditions for it doth not truly follow But as a Lute or Harp is not therefore said to be Harmonically and fitly made ready and prepared because it hath faire and good strings or because it is guilded but because they concord with one another in Harmonicall numbers therefore it sounds well and is praised so a Man or womans Face unlesse the aforesaid parts thereof agree and concord aptly with one another is neither beautifull nor comely We in this Island are of an opinion and practise somewhat contrary to these Face-levellers and doe no way like of a shooing-horn-like Nose neither do wee esteem such to be gratiosos And therefore our Midwives and Nurses are a little too forward to stretch out their hands to help Nature in this case For although all children are a little Camoised about the Nose before the bridge riseth being not properly but equivocally called saddle-Nosed because they have a power and are to receive a Nose more perfect appearing onely Camoise because the naturall heat which is the instrument of the vertue Formatrix hath not yet perfected their Noses nor elevated that Cartilage to its naturall and appointed magnitude according to whose figure all appellations of the Nose are referred Not that nature alwaies needes the officious and over diligent help and art of Midwives and Nurses An Aquiline or high hawke Nose where affected to to pinch up our Noses as they doe as if nature were not able to perfect her owne worke Jacob. Fontanus in Phisiogn Arist Iacob Fontanus in his comment upon the Physiognomy of Arist taking notice of this pragmaticall devise of Midwives sayes that because children by reason of their tender bones which are easily deprest appeare saddle-nosed they laying hold of them with their Thumbe and fore-finger are wont to compresse the laterall parts of the Nose that this Simity of Children may be the sooner abolished more for beauty then for any commodity it bringeth to life for they are sometimes so compressed by them that they become lesse commodious for the purging out of the mucous excrements of the Braine It is true it belongs to the corrective part of medicine to looke a little to this businesse and to correct the lapse of Nature where a just occasion is but not by over diligence to bring the Nose into a worse condition then it would have been in had they trusted the ordinarie providence of nature Regis ad exemplum totus componitur orbis For if once the Grandees begin a corporall fashion the contagion soone spreads and the meaner sort will imitate them in the same practicall Metamorphosis although they pay for it So Quicquid delirant Reges Plectuntur Achivi Purchas Pilgr 3. lib. 2. The Indian women bore their Nostrils full of holes on both sides wherein they weare Jewels which hang down unto their lips Idem Pilgr 1. lib. 2. The People of the Island Arucetto have holes in their Noses on each side wherein they weare Rings strange to behold The Nation called Curenda Nose-Borers Purchas Pilgr 4. lib. 6. up the River Parana have little stones which hang dangling in their Noses The Chiribichenses bore holes in their nostrils for an elegancy and the richer sort Pet. Mart. decad 8. deck them with jewels of Gold the common people with diverse shels of cockles and Sea Snailes Purchas Pilgr It was a custome in Mexico to pierce the nostrils of their elected King for when Ticois the King of Mexico was chosen they pierced his nostrils and for an Ornament put an Emerald therein and for this reason in the Mexican Picture-Chronicles this King is noted by his nostrils pierced The great Gaga Calando King of Gagas Idem Pilgr 2. lib. 7. weareth a piece of copper crosse his Nose two inches long which is
hedge-hogs this is part of their gallantry for if they are sad or crossed with any disaster they leave all those holes open They of Madagascar De Bry. pars 9. have Eares bored through with large holes so that you may put a finger through them in which they weare round pieces of wood Eares full of gilded nailes Purchas Pilgr 2. lib. 9. The Gentiles of Indostan their women have the flaps or neither part of their Eares bored when they are young See the like figure fol. 148. which daily stretched and made wider by things kept in for that purpose at last becomes so large that it will hold a ring as bigg as a little saucer made on the sides for the flesh to rest in besides round about their Eares are holes made for Pendants that when they please they may weare rings in them also Idem eodem lib. 9. In Candou Islands one of the Islands accounted to Asia they weare in their Eares very rich Pendants according to their Wealth but they weare them not after the same fashion as wee doe here for the mothers pierce the Eares of their daughters when they are young not onely in the lap or fat of the Eare but all along the gristle in many places and put their threads of cotton to encrease and keep the holes that they may put when they are greater little gilded nailes to the number of 24 in both Eares the head of the naile is commonly adorned with a pretious stone or Pearle also in the lap of the Eare they have an Eare-ring fashioned after their manner Idem eodem lib. 9. Many of the Men and Women in the Cape of Lopo Gonsalves weare Rings in their Eares whereof some weigh at least a pound some have sticks thrust through them of five or six fingers long Lindschoten lib. 2. The Brasilean women bore their Eares with so wide holes that a man may thrust his finger through in them they hang certaine long things which reach unto their Breasts or shoulders like blood-hounds or water spaniels Eares Auricular bravery The naturall Inhabitants of Virginia Purchas Pilgr 2. lib. 9. Capt. Jo. Smiths Hist of Virginia in their Eares have three great holes that is in each three wherein the women commonly hang chaines bracelets or copper the Men some of them weare in these holes a small green or yellow coloured Snake neer halfe a yard in length which crawling and lapping it selfe about their Necks oftentimes will familiarly kisse their lips some a rat tyed by the taile and some the hand of their enemy dried The inferior sort of Priests among them can hardly be known from the common People but that they have not so many holes in their Eares to hang their Jewels at In the countrie of Wingandacoa Capt. Jo. Smyths Hist of Virginia upon the continent of Virginia the Queen and principall women in their Eares weare bracelets of Pearle hanging down to their middle of the bignesse of great pease the rest of the women have pendants of copper and the Noble Men five or six in an Eare. The women of Cochin Purchas Pilgr 2. lib. 7. have horrible great Eares with many Rings set with Pearle and stones in them A little from Gambra in Africa Idem in his Pilgrimage there are found Men who use it as a great bravery to bore their Eares full of holes wearing therein Rings of Gold in rowes or ranks Idem Pilgr 2. lib. 7. The People on the southward of Tinda and Gambra are reported to weare Iron rings through their Eares Leo lib. 3. Hist Africa The women of mount Beni Jesseten doe use to weare Iron rings upon their fingers and Eares for a great barvery Purchas Pilgr 2. lib. 10. The women of Ormus weare in their Eares many Rings of Gold set with Jewels and locks of Silver and Gold insomuch that the Eares with the weight of their Jewels be easily worne so wide that a Man may thrust three of his fingers into them De Bry descript Ind. In the City Cancer not farr from Goa most of the Noble and great persons have their Eares bored with great holes and weare in them 14 or 15 Rings such as wee weare on our finger adorned with pretious stones Lindschoten lib. 1. The Bramanes have most commonly round rings of Gold hanging at their Eares as the other Indians have Io. Bohemus de ritibus gentium lib. 2. The priests of the Panchaians weare Eare-rings besides their other womanish golden Ornaments In Zeland they inrich their Eares with Gold and precious stones Magin Geogr. Hier Giravae Cosmograph and the same auricular bravery is affected by those of Florida In Pegu they loade their Eares with all sorts of Jewels insomuch Lodovic Rom. Patr. lib. 6. cap. 16. as their Eares with the weight of their Earerings hang down a span long The King of Joga's subjects Idem Navigatâ— 4. cap. 2. all weare Eare-rings and all manner of pretious things in their Eares In Russia it is the custome of the Countrey Johan Bohem. de ritibus gentium lib. 3. for women to weare Pearles and Jewels in their Eares it is held a beauty also to males while they are yet boyes this is also a vanitie used among the more amorous and effeminate sort of our gallants The Spanish women use to perforate the lappet of their Eare with a Gold or Silver wire Munster Cosmogr lib. 2. at which most commonly they hang some Jewell which by the French is censured as a barbarous thing The Aegyptians used to bore their Eares to make them capable of such Ornaments and the two most pretious Pearles which Cleopatra dissolved and drunk as a luxurious expression of love to Marke Antonie were pendants taken from her Eares The Greeks bore holes in the Eares of their slaves holding it for a badg of bondage Montaigne Essay lib. 2. which was practised also by the Jews The Roman Dames were much delighted with auricular bravery for Plinie writes Plinie Nat. Hist lib. 12. that they sought for Pearles from the bottom of the Red Sea Auricular Luxurie and Emeralds from the bowels of the Earth and then he adds ad hoc excogitata sunt Aurium vulnera as if it had been nothing to weare them about their necks and in their Haire unlesse they were also let into their bodies Cyprian dehorting the Xtian women from it non inferantur Auribus vulnera Seneca de vita beata cap. 17. Saith Sceneca why doth thy wife weare in her Eares the revenews of a rich family And in another place Idem de benef 7.6 I see their Pearles not fitted single to their Eares which are now inured to the bearing of weight they are coupled together and others are added to the two first the madnesse of our women had not sufficiently brought Men into subjection did not they hang two or three patrimonies at each Eare.
And with him Plinie accords Plinie Nat. Hist lib. 9. Binos ac ternos auribus suspendere foeminarum gloria est to hang these by couples or more in each Eare is the pride of our women and their luxury saith he hath found out a name for this Cymbals calling it Crotalia as if they gloried in the sound and strike of the Pearles one against another Nay he goes further affectantes jam pauperes Lictorem faeminae in publico unionem esse dictantes it is come to that passe that even the poor sort affect the same fashion this being a common saying that a pearle is the womans Sarjeant to wait upon her when shee shewes her selfe abroad But their extreame folly herein hath Tertullian after his African manner wittily expressed Graciles aurium cutes Kalendarium expendunt The tender Libbets of their Eares consume their Kalenders that is saith the learned Junius in his notes on that passage universum domus censum c. Indeed these are parts where jewels are easily seen The Naturall beautie of the Eare which Ladies have learn'd very well to observe yet certainly the conceit worked very strong in their head who first pierced the skin to introduce a fashion The first Men that have had piety in them have made conscience of offering any violence to Nature and to pierce and dilacerate their Eares for to hang any pretious things at it for none is Lord of his own members to abuse them so saith the Civilian Ulpian but Men have taken more licence then they ought and have defaced the workemanship of God in them Ulpian to please their own fancies and wee need not so much wonder at Barbarous Nations but at civilized People which have called other Nations barbarous and more especially of the Christians of this age Although indeed there are some Ladies among us who more out of tendernesse of Sence then Conscience save themselves this labour and paines and instead of letting their Jewels into their flesh they make them more easie pendants by hanging them in a string about their Eare as upon a pin Gallen where he speakes of the beauty Nature invented in the outer Eare although he expresseth such a scope of Nature which was second in her intention yet he expounds not what that is in the Eare which appertaines to that scope Hofman should think it is the lower particle of the Eare which they call the tip of the Eare For since this part is not Cartilagineous as the rest of the Helix or circumference it cannot also performe that intention so that it had been in vaine unlesse it had been made for the other And hence it may be to encrease the beauty The use of the outward Eare. Woman began to weare Jewels in it as if they had taken their hint from Nature who seems as Sr. Phillip Sydney saith to have made the tip the Jewell of the Eare from whose softnesse came the adage ima mollior auricula and to have taken a hint of perforation from the superior part of the tip which seems in a manner to be perforated as it were with an invisible hole which is called Cicada or the Grasse-hopper wherein the Athenians who were natives of that country were wont to hang their golden Grasse-hoppers Many Anatomists indeed doe doubt of the use of this lobe and of the office of it wherein the Essence of Instruments consists Kyplerus Medic. contract lib. 1. Kyplerus thinkes it doth neither help to the extension of the Auricle or to its better conjunction to the other parts since the Cartilage can keep the expansion of the Auricle firme enough and withall it is on both sides connexed well enough to the other parts But it is not saith he improbable that it helpes to a more direct and easie ingresse of sound into the Auricle not verily on both sides but chiefly from the lower part Admit what Natures exquisite observer seems to imitate that as curious artificers when they have made some rare instrument are wont to adde some by-worke for pleasure and Ornament so Nature both pleased to doe in finishing up the admirable devise of the Eare Yet this is no warrant for the monstrous practises of these men who upon pretence of augmenting the beauty of the Eare so shamefully loade it with Jewels and other materials and use such force of Art to teare and dilacerate the most tender particle thereof stretching itto so prodigious a magnitude that Criticks might hence derive 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The naturall proportion of the Eare. quod deturpare vel abscindere diceres That whereas the Eares of Man are not so great as Horses or Asses Eares and that for beauty and Ornament they were made lesse and because his Head was to be covered with a hat the erect figure of man also supplying the magnitude of his Eares these Men in the contumelious despight of Nature and the exact justice of her proportions and Symitry that allowes not the height of the Eare to exceed the length of the Nose and latitude of the mouth and the largest circumference of the Eare and mouth but to duplicate the Analogy will have Eares larger then hounds or any other Animall insomuch as that of Lucretius might be applyed unto them Humanum genus est avidum nimis auricularum Nay by this artifice they seem to introduce the forme or signe of the Leprosie upon themselves and to looke somewhat like Elephants in this frantique Elephantick bravery For in the disease called Elephantiasis according to some the name is borrowed from the defedation of the Eare representing that of an Elephants and which demonstrates this affectation wherein the Fins of the Eares in their circumference and the Auricle or lappet also grow to an unusuall thicknesse or otherwise swell and grow broad representing by that appearance as was beforesaid an elephant Verily when I consider what a packe of large-Ear'd Hell-hounds wee have discovered who although Heathens yet most of them having good Naturall parts I cannot think but there must be more then the ordinary vanity incident to mankind involv'd in this horrid affectation of great Eares Small Eares where affected and that the grand Deformer hath not onely tempted these Nations to scoffe at the naturall proportion of their Eares as being too Ape-like and so under pretence to enlarge the beauty of the Eare to destroy the Native elegancy thereof but hath had a secret envy at this part as being the portall to the Sence of discipline and the port of salvation Wee of this Nation and some of our neighbours affect a small Eare standing close to the Head Which springs from the conceit of our Mothers who because they have overheard from the discourse of some Phylosophers that great Eares are a note of loquacy and folly they presently apply themselves to prevent this signification in all their children not a little to the prejudice of the action of the Eare. For our Eares are
Carthai Tartano weare their Beards also thin Some of the Broad-faced Tartars are Beardlesse except that in the upper Lip Munst Cosmog Jo. Bohem. de rit gent. lib. 2. and on the Chin they have a few volatile haires In Sumatra the men Diario nautico Baâ—tavorum although they have great Eyebrows have but little Beard insomuch that the haires under their mouth may be numbred In Elizabeths Island Capt. Smiths Hist of Virginia toward the North of Virginia the men have no Beards but counterfeits as they did think our mens also were for which they would have changed with some of our men that had great Beards What a Generation of scoffers of Nature have we here who with their Pincers fight against her fit Companions for the Apostate Iulian who stiled himselfe Mysogopon as much as to say as the hater of a Beard Sure the Beard was form'd and given to man for some end the place The Dignity of the Beard maintained and dignity of the place the time it appeares and the species of it shews an ornament For the place no man can deny the face to be one of the outward parts of the body which hath an honest appearance if the Face have dignity and a degree superlative as it were of dignity and there are some Orders This may justly be accounted the most honest of the honest parts and worthiest since there are the chiefest Organs of the Senses the Instruments of the reasonable soule and that in the face as in a Glasse the ineffable majesty of the whole man doth shine In which the Beard hath the chiefest place being planted in the part thereof which the Ancients stiled the Temple of Goodnesse and Honesty The time of its appearance denotes its use it is inchoate and begins to come forth at a certaine definite and specifique time for man is not at once an Individuum and a specifique Individuum the libration of which moments of time is chiefly conspicuous to God and confirmed by his Counsell which dispensation of time is not without a mystery to which all things created are subjected I would we could understand the fulnesse thereof but certainly for some specifiqe end From the species or the kind of haire may another Argument be taken of their reall worth All other haires we see have their use and end and can Nature be so forgetful of her own institutions as to faile in this particular Superficiall Philosophers do much please themselves with this Division saying that of those which are in the body some are the true parts of it and others are not to wit such as proceed from the necessity of matter of which kind are the haires an excrement and not a part and if a part altogether an excrementitious materiarie and of no use The use of the Beard to which account the Beard must be reduced which is all haire a Doctrine popular and altogether erronious for the Beard is an existent part of the body and most necessary and its necessity is from its use and office it hath in the body not from the matter or as they say necessity Nature which is the ordinary power of God and the lively image of his wisdome workes alwaies for an end more especially and most nobly doth she do it in the body of man the most noble of all Creatures Some say the Beard was intended for a manly ornament for man shews more venerable especially if by age his haires be every where fairely and super abundantly circumfused which Nature usually doth leaving no part unpolished or unlaboured or without Rythme and elegancy as worke enchased in the hilâ—s of Swords which sometimes appeares but is sometimes obscured by the very splendor of utility Which conceit doth not well please Platerus for saith he Plat. in quaest Phys quaest 8. if it was produced for an Elegancy why do women then want it in adorning whom Nature seemes to have been most studious and yet she would have them beardlesse which if it sometimes but lightly manifest it selfe in them makes them most ugly others conceive one use of the Beard was for a muniment and to cover the Barball parts on which they grow but why the mans Chin rather than the womans should be covered Hofman confesseth he seeth not Yet Zonardus is of opinion that the Beard was not only intended for an ornament but for an operiment and Adjutor to the Maxillae because with their villosity they defend the Maxillary Nerves from being hurt by the too great frigidity of the aire which granted would much aggravate their Crime who shave these parts The Beard the sign of a man But Ulmus who hath sufficiently vindicated the honesty of Nature in this matter in his learned book intituled De fine Barbae Humanae I would he had gone through the worke or that I had seene his Tract De recta Hominis figura if he liv'd to write it He I say is of opinion that the proper end of the Beard is differing from those above-named and that it serves not for ornament nor age nor Sex nor for a covering nor for purgament but for another end to wit serve to the Office of the Humane soule And that Nature gave to mankind a Beard that it might remaine as an Index in the Face of the Masculine generative faculty and of that either crumpent and progredient or consumed at least next to consumption Plater in quaest Phys quaest 8. Of the same judgement is Platerus who hath a little dilated his thoughts upon this Subject For men then to labour to extirpate so honest and necessary a work as the Beard is is a practicall blasphemy most inexpiable against Nature and God the Author of Nature whose worke the Beard is The Beard being the signe of a man by which he appeares a man for it is more ancient than Eve and the sign of a better Nature to violate then that which is a sign of virile Nature is an impiety against the Law of Nature And since it is confessed that man is the Image of God and the Beard the forme of a man certainly so many of us as acknowledge and profess to represent this Image of the Protoplastes God without the high crime of impiety cannot leave off or eradicate our Beard or with Depilatories burn up and depopulate the Genitall matter thereof but we must renounce that and account it for a sport so fondly to evirate our selves An act not only done against the reclamation of the Law of Nature but repugnant to the consent of the Learned of all Nations who with one mouth pronounce a Beard comly for a grave constant just and honest man Nay Lovers of a Beard even the Turkes whom we account even but Barbarians herein do more homage to Nature who if a man have a faire long Beard they reverence him and only he is a wise man and an honourable Personage but if they have no Beard at all if they
many vain appendices as that they bark and howl like Dogs and so understand one another having no other Language that they have Teeth greater then Dogs Clawes but longer and rounder that although they cannot speake they make signes with their Hands and Fingers as Deaf and Dumb men use to doe that both the Men and Women have Tailes at their Rumps like to Dogs Headlesse Nations but that they are greater and thicker of haires that they engender with Women more Canino accounting any other way of Copulation shamefull all which Additaments are more advantagiously read then believed By what meanes these Natives might come to be thus monstrously deformed and the shape of their Heads to degenerate into the similitude of a Dogs-Head shall be sufficiently declared in our succeeding Face-moulders Scene where wee shall present the Cynoprosopi or Men having a Dogs Face The Artifice used being as I probably conjecture the same in both Sr. John Mandevil reports that in one of the Iles belonging to the great and mighty King of the Iland Dodyn there are Men that have no Heads and their Eyes are in their Shoulders and their Mouth is on their Breast He gives their originall Cham saith he took the best part Eastward that is called Asia being the mightiest and Richest of his Brethren and of him are come the Pannim folke and divers manners of Men of those Iles some headlesse and the other Men disfigured And because some things spoken by him might seem strange and scarce Credible therefore he thought good to make known to all that will see more proofe hereof in his Book called Mappa Mundi there they shall finde the most part of the same ratified and confirmed St. Augustine makes commemoration of such a Nation August de civ Dei li. 6. cap. 8. and although he there doth not impose a necessity of believing the Relations that are made of such kinds of Men so he seems to grant that it is not incredible Nay he testifies that he had seen them himselfe for he assures us in these words I was now Bishop of Hippo August Serm. 37. ad fraires in â—remo and with certain servants of Christ I Travelled to Aethiopia to preach the Gospell of Christ unto them and we saw there many Men and Women having no Heads but grosse Eyes fixed in their Breast their other Members like unto ours Fulgos. lib. 1. de mirac Sr. Walter Rawleigh Histor of Gui. ana which place of August Fulgosus cites to the same purpose But let us heare Sr. Walter Rawleigh his relation of this kind of transformed Nation the Ewaipanomi saith he are a strange headlesse Nation for on the Banks of the River Caora are a Nation of People whose Heads appeare not above their Shoulders which though it may be thought a meere Fable yet for my own part I am resolved it is true because every Child in the Province of Arromaia and Comurs affirme all the same they are call'd Ewaipanomi are reported to have their Eyes in their Shoulders and their Mouths in the Middle of their Breasts and that a long traine of haire groweth backward between the Shoulders The Son of Tomawari which I brought with me into England told me that they were the most mighty Men of all the Land and use Bowes Arrowes and Clubs thrice as bigg as any of Guiana or of the Oronoqueponi and that one of the Iwarawakeri tooke a Prisoner of them the Yeare before our arrivall there and brought him into the Borders of Aromaia his Fathers Country And further when I seemed to doubt of it he told me that it was no wonder among them but that they were as great a Nation and as common as any other in all the Provinces and had of late Years slain many hundreds of his Fathers People and of other Nations their Neighbours but it was not my chance to heare of them till I was come away and if I had but spoken one word of it while I was there I might have brought one of them with me to put the matter out of doubt Such a Nation was written of by Mandevill whose reports were held for Fables many Years and yet since the East-Indies were discovered we find his relation true of such things as heretofore wee held incredible whether it be true or no the matter is not great neither can there be any profit in the imagination for my own part I saw them not but I am resolved that so many People did not all combine or fore-think to make the report The Translator of the History of Congo written by Pigafetta hopes that in time some good Guianean will make good proofe to our England that there are this day headlesse Men. And if any make Conscience to joyne Faith to these things upon these relations yet they ought not to think this wonder impossible especially being certified by such Authors as are here alledged For these strange Histories of Monstrous Nations which in Pliny and other Ancient Authors I have heretofore counted vain do now require and deserve some Credit since in these times there is a new Nature revealed new miracles a new World full of strange varieties and sincere novelties Dr. Franasus Hernandus who by the Command of Philip the second sailed to the new World to discover the condition thereof whose manuscripts are kept in the Kings Library of St. Laurence in the Escuriall and other Manuscripts sent to the King of Spaine about the affaires of India by the Advantage of which Eusebius Neirembergensis was inabled to write his new History of Nature doe justifie these and stranger relations of divers kind of men among the Indians in stature disposition forme and deformity as Monstrous as these Acephali or headlesse Nation Avicen was so bold to affirme that after the immense inundations of the World not only mankind but all other Creatures were produced from the tabid Carcasses by the Celestiall influx without seed which is a thing no wise man can be brought to believe that so Noble a Creature should arise out of a putrid matter about whose Creation the whole Godhead was employed wherefore so great and Beautifull a worke that was worthy of the Divine Labour could not spontaneously proceed it being most unlikely that Man being Compos mentis which is a particle of Divinitie should result from so vile an originall Sanct. Augustin in lib. de Civitate Dei St. Augustin where he speaks of these Acephali and other Monstrous Nations somwhat better resolves the doubt of their Originall It is demanded saith he whether Noahs sonnes or rather Adams of whom all Mankind came begot any of those Monstrous Men and he concludes that whatsoever he begot that is Man that is a Mortall reasonable Creature be his forme Voyce or whatever never so different from any ordinarie mans no Faithfull Person ought to doubt that he is of Adams Progeny yet is the Power of Nature shewn and strangely shewn in such God
that they might desist from such vaine care fearing to ensnare Men with their Hair to lust after them since they seem to instigate and provoke to lust the very Divels themselves Which may serve for a caveat to the frizeled and over powdered Gallants of our times Haire-Anointers lest they provoke some succubus to give them an unlookt for visitation Purchas pilgr. 2. lib. 7. The Abassines let their Haire grow which serves them for an hat and Head tire and for finer bravery they curle and anoint their Haire with butter which shewes in the Sun like grasse in the morning dew lest their locks and curles should be disordered when they goe to Bed each one pitcheth a forke or cratch a foot high in the ground betwixt the hornes whereof he reposeth his Neck and sleepeth with his Head hanging The Jessamine Butter with which our Gallants anoint their Haire is a pretious invention belonging to the same vanitie Helyn Terra Nigrit The Manicongo Nobilitie for the greater Gallantrie anoint their Haire with the fat of Fishes which makes them stink most abominably Here 's Glorious Cosmetiques for our tender Gallants which would prove as pleasing to their hostericall Mistresses as the sweet Atomes which make such a Cirque of Olimpique dust upon their hoarie Shoulders And to make a little bold with the handsome expression of a Gentleman who as I understand could have been content my Booke by comming a little sooner to his hand had afforded him the same opportunity Our Gallants wittie noddles are put into such a pure modified trim the dislocations of every Haire so exactly set the whole bush so curiously candied and which is most prodigious the naturall jet of some of them so exalted into a perfect azure that their familiar Friends have much adoe to own their Faces For by their powdered Heads Powdered Haire you would take them to be Meal-men 'T is a great benefit of Nature to to have the liberty of a free transpiration whereby through the curious emunctions of the pores she doth constantly emitt and disburden herselfe of superfluous evaporations which otherwise we may well think those sewers being blockt and choakt up with that sweet artificiall dust conglomerated into dirt by the furious acting of their fiery Braines may in time dissolve in distillations and if not obfuscate their inventions when they have a disposition to court their Mistresses with some rare Piece of Posie find a passage to their Lungs and cacexicate their pretty Corpusculums if not in time make way for a Consumption And besides the oppilation of those invisible perforations through which Nature is wont to wire-draw spare humours into a fine excrescency for a supplementall handsome Ornament it is to be doubted the old stock too by vicinity after a while grow putrid and fall away and then they will either looke like pill'd Ewes or else must put on a beastly thing call'd a Perriwigg and make their Friends put a worse interpretation upon the matter then there may be cause indeed one advantage they may happily have by this artifice that by often sweating and new dredging their Heads for recruit in short time their Heads may grow so well stockt in six footed Cattell that they need not be to seek at any time of a medicine for the Jaundies Frizling and curling of Haire with hot Irons which was lately much in fashion with us an artificial affectation in imitation of a naturall bush of Haire was in practise among the Romans Men with plated Haire Ovid de remed amore Cum graciles essent tamen lanuginis instar Heu mala vexatae quanta tulere comae Quam se praebuerat ferro patienter igni Vt fieret torto Nexilis orbe sinus Clamabam scelus est istos scelus urere crines Sponte decent capiti ferrea parce â—uo In proem ad lib. 1 controvers Seneca well observed and censured this vanity It is now held the accomplished Gallantry of our Youth to frizle their Haire like Women to speake with an effeminate smalnesse of voice and in tendernesse of Body to match them and to bedeck themselves with most undecent trimming But their extreame curiosity in platting and folding their Haire he in another place most lively describes and as sharply but justly reproves how doe they chafe if the barber be never so little negligent as if he were trimming a Woman how do they take on if any thing be lopped off their feaks or foretops if any thing lie out of order if every thing fall not even into their rings or curles which of these would not rather choose that the state whereof he is a member should be in combustion then his Haire should be displatted who is not much more solicitous of the grace of his Head then of his health who maketh not more account to be fine then honest Periwigs also have been an ancient vanity and assumed by them who were not well pleased with Natures donative for the Romans as many Gallants among us wore Haire which they bought instead of their own Jurat capillos esse quos emit suos Fabulla nunquid illa Paule pejerat Periwâ—gd bald pates Fabulla swears her Haire which at a rate She bought is hers is she forsworne in that And this without any shame they openly bought Foemina procedit densissima crinibus emptis Proque suis alios efficit arte suos Nec pudor est emisse palam Martial lib. 1. Epigr. 7. Calvo turpius est nihil comato Then bushie baldnesse nothing is more deformed Little Foreheads affected SCENE III. Frontall Fashions affected by divers Nations Ferrand Erotomania Montaigne in his Essaies THe Mexicans judge those the most beautifull that have little Foreheads and whereas they shave their Haire over all their Bodies besides by Artificiall meanes they labour to nourish and make it grow only in their Foreheads and it is to be suspected that the Matrons of Secota in Florida by some such artifice have a short Forehead De Bry. Hist Ind. The late Fashion generally used amongst us both by Men and Women of bringing down the Haire to cover the Forehead and almost to meet the Eye-brows savour'd somewhat of this affectation Nature hath circumscribed the whole space wee call the Forehead which beginning from the Eie-brows ascends even to the forepart of the Head towards the coronall suture Low Foreheads affected which is the latitude of the Forehead the longitude is from one of the Temples unto the other towards the suture which extends to the stony bones to which place the Hairs also come so that three parts of the front are bounded out with the Haire of the Head the Eie-brows enclosing the fourth all which place Nature intended to be moveable and void of Haire none Naturally growing therin because the use of the Hair is to cover whereas the Forehead is so much covered with Haire as we please to what end
pars 2. from which calumnie Rabbie Moses defends him and that very excellently which place is worth the reading by those who are curious which argument they may finde dilated in Montanus and Hofmanus This wee may say with Galen that such effeminate Men are to be pittied Eye-brow painters who are so averse to the truth that they know not they have a Mind that they owe Culture to rather then to the Bodie The Women of old time when the Haire of their Eye-brows were yellow or white they black them with soot as you may read in Tertullian Plautus Athenaeus Clemens Alexandrinus and others And there Women did not blush to have it known that usually they painted not their Faces onely but their very Eye-brows Ovid de remâ— Amor. Scitis et inducta candorem quaerere cera Sanguine quae vero non rubet Arte rubet Arte supercilii confinia nuda repletis Parvaque sinceras velat aluta genas Nec pudor est oculos tenui signare favilla Vel prope te nato livide Cydne croco Martiall speaks of one whose Face did not sleep with her but shee did innuere with an Eye-brow put on every morning What this Fuligo or soot was is not well explained by Authors Mercurialis thinkes it was that Fucus which by Plinie is said to have been called Callipleuron Mercurialis lib. de decorat the like Fucus made with coledust the Women of these times use for the same purpose Grimstone of their manners The Arabian Women have a certain black painting made of the smoak of Gals and Saffron with the which they paint their Eye-brows of a Triangular forme They of Candou Island put a certaine blacknesse upon their Eye-brows Purchas Pilgâ— 2. lib. 9. The Tartarian Women anoint their Eye-brows with a black ointment Idem Pilg. 3. lib 11. The Turks have a black powder made of a Minerall called Alchole L. Bacon Nat. Hist cent 8. with which they colour the Haire of their Eye-brows which they draw into embowed Arches Sandys Travels lib. 10. The Women affect very much black Eye-brows and likely they are naturally so if they be not they die them into this hue by Art made high and halfe Circular and to meet if naturally they doe not The regulating of the Haires of the Eye-brows when they chance to grow out of order Eye-brow dâ—yers and the reducing them with Pinsers or scissers to conformity is but a Cosmetique elegancie But this generall conspiration of all Nations to black them when Nature hath produced them of another colour is somewhat destructive to the true knowledge of complexions and prejudiciall to the cautionary Art of Physiognomy which Nature hath so favourably founded in the Face to an observers notable advantage and even now when this sheet was going into the presse an understanding and discreet Lady falling into discourse of this vanity told mee shee knew a Gentlewoman who being displeased with the native colour of the Haire of her Head which was yellow procured a water of a Physitian about this Towne to die her Haire Black And being advertised of the incongruitie of the Haire of her Eye-brows which were white with that new tincture of the Haire of her Head shee applied this water to her Eye-brows to black them also which soone fetcht off all the Haire and thereby introduced a very ridiculous aspect being without all recovery deprived of the Native Ornament of this part To draw them into embowed Arches is but an imitation of Nature but to make them meet is more then shee ever intended but as the Arabians doe to paint them in a Triangular forme is a piece of Geometry which we cannot allow to be exercised in the Eye-brows SCENE V. Eye-lids turned backward towards the Forehead Eye-lid Fashions affected as Notes of Gallantry and Beauty by divers Nations TThe Giachas or Agagi of the Ethiopian Countreys beyond Congo Purchas Pilgr 2. lib. 7. Lindschoten lib. 1. have a custome to turne their Eye-lids backwards towards the Forehead and round about Pigafetta's report of the Kingdome of Congo so that their skin being all black and in that blacknesse shewing the white of their Eyes it is a very dreadfull and divilish sight to behold for they thereby cast upon the beholders a most dreadfull astonishing aspect Johan Bohem. de moribus Gentium lib. 2. The Tartars under the great Cham have the cleane contrary appearance for they have grosse prominent Eyes very much covered with their Eye-lids insomuch that the opening in them is very small whether they use any Artifice to cause this extraordinarie expansion of the Eye-lids I have not as yet discovered but certainly they hold it no imperfection For although of all men they are most deformed in Body yet this Nation contemnes all other Men thinking themselves to excell in prudence and goodnesse that they disdaine and explode all others from them Munster Cosmograph lib. 6. cap. 55. The Inhabitants of the Cape of Good Hope which Pomponius cals the Head of Aphrica pull off the Haire of their Eye-lids and therein they paint divers things in a manifold colour as white black skie colour and red Purchas Pilgr i. lib. 4. The Brasilians also and those of Sierra Leons in the East-Indies pull off and eradicate the Haire growing on their Eye-lids Lindsc lib. 2. which makes them shew for the most part fearefull and ugly Med. pars 2. Montanus it seems was not aware of this unnaturall kinde of depilation practised by these Nations where he saith that none ever desired to destroy these Congenite and naturall Hairs either Male or Female but all as well as they can endeavour to preserve them although in the Postgeniti they discent for there are some who desire to have them The use of the Haire of the Eye-lids and some affect them them not as Women and effeminate Men to whom he hath afforded a learned although somewhat too officious an accommodation Man is then perfect when he wants none of those things which he ought to have for that is his perfection Every Essence hath its perfection the Eye of a Man is then Humane when it obtaines haires on the Eye-lids and Eye-brows It may be objected that Man lives without these and sees who denies it but that man who is deprived of these doth not live nor see humanely according to the order and lawes of kinde constituted by Nature Whatever is in the Body of Man according to Nature that is simply necessary you may measure the necessity by the essence for both are convertible for if they prove defective or anything be wanting that Body is no longer perfect and absolute but lame and imperfect Whatever Haire is in the Body whatever it be so nothing happen besides Nature it is necessary which we ought to be perswaded of and that by a reason no way contemptible taken from the dignity of Nature who alwaies whatsoever she
doth shee doth for some end for 't is absurd as Plotine saith to say that there is something constituted in the order of things and to have nothing that it can for an Ens is such naturally that it should Act or suffer something which sentence is not onely true of the species of Essences in generall but of all parts that Naturally exist in any specifique Body as those haires doe and if we examine the uses of the Haire in these parts we shall soon perceive the folly and madness of these nations who to their owne shame and prejudice have rejected the naturall benefits intended them by the wisdome and providence of God manifested in the Fabrique of the Eye-lids for first the great builder of our Body hath imposed a necessity upon them of observing an equall proportionate magnitude longitude number and intervall so that they need no clipping making withall an exact provision for their inoffensive positure from casting any shadow upon the Eye to intercept the continuity of objects or hindering the Eye from looking upwards which otherwise perchance might have been pretended and pleaded in excuse of their impious depilation and robbing the Eye-lids of their defensive Palisado not onely made as some would have them for an Ornament unto the Eye but for perspection and to direct the sight of the Visory spirits and the Rayes which flow from the Interior parts And this by Kypler Kypler is accounted one reason of the contrivance of the Eye-lids that these teguments of the Eyes by their convenient contraction might infer a due shadow from the innate Haires of the Eye-lids whence it is that when wee would perfectly view a thing wee bring our Eye-lids as neer as we can to the pupill of the Eye that by conniving onely we might better behold a thing Since these fallen or retorted which never happens but in the great affections of the part Man cannot see as before right forward or far off And it is observed that the Tovopinambaultians who likewise practise this unnaturall dipilation become thereby dim-sighted and of a torve or crooked aspect And when they rest in sleep they preserve the Eye from being hurt The frequent Nictations also in Men awake is to recreate the sight and to prevent the violent falling of any thing into the open Eyes which is insnared in them as in a Net They therefore that want these preservers of sight as experience hath shewed us are offended with the least dust and of all things almost that occurre Eye-lid painters though never so small Plinie noteth Plin. lib. 11. Nat. Hist that the Women of Rome did colour the Haire of their Eye-lids every day with an ordinarie painting that they had so curious are our Dames saith he and would so faine be Faire and Beautifull that forsooth they must die their Eyes also Nature ywis gave them these hairie Eye-lids for another end The Turks have a black powder made of a Mineral called Alchole Sandys Travels lib. 1. which with a fine pencill they lay under their Eye-lids which doth color them black whereby the white of the Eye is set off more white with the same powder also they colour the haires of their Eye-lids which is practised also by the Women And you shall finde in Xenâ—phon that the Medes used to paint their Eyes All endeavour of Art pretending to advance the Eye above its naturall Beauty is vaine and impious as much derogating from the wisdome of Nature Art indeed where Nature sometimes failes and proves defective may helpe to further her perfection but where shee appeares absolute Eye-lid haires painted there to add or detract is instead of mending to marr all Yet perchance the Turks in painting the haire of their Eye-lids might be excused if they did it to a Naturall end which I doubt they doe not but in a Phantasticall bravery for some think that the haire of the Eye-lids doe cast a shadow upon the Eye helping thereby the blacknesse of the thin membrane Chorion the first that covereth the Optique sinew and prohibits the diffusion of the splendor of the Christalline Philippus Montalto 4. Opt. 8. Johnstoni Thaumato graphia Hofman de usu partium lib. 10. cap. 7. which as Montalto saies is better done when they are black which he sheweth by the example of one who having gray Eyes and somewhat white haires on his Eye-lids as often as he blackt them with Ink he saw better Of this Man he reports that in his Childhood and Youth he saw better in the Night then in the Day but when he was a Man the case was altered with him And he adds that the Moores having taken him blackt the Haire of his Eyebrows with ink whereupon he saw better but his old defect returned if he had wiped off the Ink. The cause whereof being omitted by Montalto the most learned Plempeius throughly understood to wit that the white Haire of the Eye-lids did too much diminish those things which were painted in the Net-like Coate called Retiformis And Kypler would not have this notion neglected that the Haires of the Eye-lids do chiefly conduce by their umbrosity to a more expresse Picture of speciesses to which end for the most part they happen to be black and they who have them white see not so perfectly SCENE VI. One Ey'd Nations Monstrous conformations properties colours proportions and Fashionable affectations of Eyes amongst certain Nations NAture solicitous about so excellent an Action of the Eyes bestowed on living creatures not one but to every one two That Cognition might be perfect and that when one failes we should not presently be altogether deprived of so great a gift Yet there are found in the Indies as Cosmographers testifie Men who have but one Eye and that planted in their Foreheads Authors of no contemptible authority avouch that there are such One-Ey'd Nations Aulus Gellius witnesseth Aul. Gel. Noct. Att. lib. 9. cap 4. that he had learn'd from very Ancient writers that in Scythia there are a certaine Nation who have but one Eye in the middle of their Foreheads who are called Arimaspi and Appian placeth them in Asia Pet. Appian Cosmogr de Asia cap. 3. Solinus cap. 19. Idem cap. 32. Solinus saith that about Besglithra placed not farr from the Caspian Sea there is an one-Ey'd Nation and in another place he saith that towards the Occidentall part of Aethiopia the Agriophagi inhabit who feed upon the flesh of Panthers and Lions onely Idem cap. 53. having a King that hath but one Eye and that in his Forehead In another part of his Booke wee read saith he of Men among the Indians who are Monoculists Plinius Nat. Hist li. 7. cap. 2. or borne with one Eye Plinie reports also of the Arimaspi to be a Unocular Nation having one Eye in the middle of their Front and he places them neere unto those Scythians that inhabit toward the Pole Articke and not farr from
the least part of his cruell bravery The Kings Wife of Cumana De Bry. Hist Ind. hath her nostrils bored and a Ring hung therein which in their language they call Caricari Nose-Jewels Purchas Pilgr 2. lib. 9. The Inhabitants of the Cape of Lopo Gonsalves weare rings in the middle parts of their Noses some thrust small hornes of teeth through them and weare them so which they think to be a great Ornament unto them Lindschoten lib. 2. The Guineans hold themselves faire with their Nasall Ornaments some thrust small hornes or teeth through their Noses and so weare them all as they think to beautifie themselves Hier. Giravae Cosmograph The Inhabitants of Florida for the same purpose bore their Nostrils Purchas Pilgr 4. lib. 6. The Cueremagba's the Men have a little hole in their Nose into which for an Ornament they put a Parrots feather Idem eodem The People of Tiembus weare on either nostrill a blew starr artificially made of a blew and white stone Idem Pilgr 2. lib. 7. They of Barnagasso Kingdome and Colo Brava the Negro slaves have certaine marks on their Noses made onely for a bravery with a cold Iron and they say these marks are very beautifull unto them my Author shewes how they make them Idem eod li. 10. The women of Ormus weare on their bored Noses many jewels and a long barr of Gold upon one side of their Noses Isa 3.21 The Jewish women of old had also Nose-jewels in request as an ancient Ornament reckon'd up by the prophet Isaiah among other impliments of their abominable pride They of St. Christophers stick pins on their Noses making their Noses serve for pin-pillowes The inhabitants of the province Quillacenca about Peru weare Iron rings in their Noses This Nose bravery taxed Purchas Pilgr 4. lib. 7. and jewels thereat whence the province had its name being hence called Quillacenca that is the Iron-Nose Province The better sort of Aegyptian women weare rings of Gold or Silver Lithgowes Travels through the hollow of their Noses hanging rich Pearles and precious stones at them wherein the common People imitate their betters It is a strange thing to consider the various phantasies of Nations touching matters adorning the Body for some think it more ornamentall to weare their bracelets on their wrists others say it is better to have them about their ancles some think it most comely to weare Rings and Jewels in the Eare some will have them about their privities and others will not think they are compleat unlesse they hang them upon their lips Cheeks or Noses as those Nations doe who are well ringed for rooting and injoy the statute beautie of our swine Surely their invention was much put to it when they suffered their Noses to be bored to bring up this fashion the patience of that Man was something allied to their folly who walking by a marke at which some ill Archers shot and being shot through the Nose told them plainly that if they shot there againe he would break their Arrow The beauty of the Nose consists in the equalitie and polish't smoothnesse thereof which is the Naturall Ornament of the part Hence wee see how uncomely it is when enriched with Rubies and the Pustels of compotation which exposeth such rich-faced and carbuncle-nosed tospots to the mockery of all Men. Nose-Borers taxed Nor lesse ridiculous is the golden Rings and precious Jewels in the snout of such swine for the extant bulk of those Nose-rings and pendants wherewith they overlaid their Noses must some way hinder the sight and divelish pride who hath thus bored them through the Nose and made more vents in Natures conduit-pipe then she intended shee sure paies them wages in rendering the Nose lesse apt for the right forming of the voice which must needs be lesse articulate and explained and the words somewhat tun'd in the Nose In the curious Machini of speech the Nose is added as a Recorder to advance the melodious eccho of the sound which these women think that Nature hath not made compleat enough therefore they will bore them full of Recorder stops as it were as if they should speake onely in the recording tone of their Nose which invention is to the blemish and prejudice of Natures nasall operation and must needs rather marre then any way improve the instrument SCENE VIII Long Ear'd Nations Auricular fashions or certaine strange Inventions of People in new-moulding their Eares ANcient writers speake of some Indians whose Eares did reach unto the ground Pomponius speaking of these or some like them sayes they call them Fanesios or Satmalos Strabo Geographia lib. 15. the Greeks as Strabo writes call them 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 because they use their Eares for a couch to sleep on Euseb Nieremberg Hist Natura Petrus Simon and Antonius Daca as Eusebius Nierembergensis imformes us report of men that were lately found whom they call Tulanuchas which name signifies an Eare such as the old world called Onotocitos whose Ears are so prolix that they hang down even unto the ground and six Men may be hid under one of them these Men were discovered towards Califurnia Great Ear'd Men. Maximilianus Transilvanus reports Maximil Transil apud Ramus Tom. ◠that there is an Island neere the Molucca's where the people have such vast Eares And Pigafetta assures us that in Arucetto which is an Island reckoned among the Molucca's there are such People as before mentioned whose Eares have so spatious and prodigious dimensions Purchas saith Purchas Pilgr that in this Island Arucetto are men and women not past a cubite in height having Eares of such bignesse that they lie upon one and cover them with the other so that although these things have been reported in fables yet you may finde Authors whom it would not displease one to follow Strabo indeed accounts these relations fabulous and he scoffs at Megasthenes for writing of such kind of Eares Yet Mela saith he had Authors for it that were not to be contemned And as Kornmannus thinkes Kornmannus lib. de virorum mirac it is not disagreeable to truth if you weigh the number and authority of those writers which will appeare more credible by the modern relations of some ocular witnesses mentioned in this present Scene that there should be whole Nations that have Eares of so prodigious a magnitude is a relation I doubt will scarce credibly sink into the Eares of men Thom Thomauis in horto mundi Gilbertus Chron. Skenckius lib. 1. observat yet we may safely afford the same Faith unto it as to the records of monstrous births which have appeared with such Eares Gilbertus in his Chronicle attests that a woman in a certain castle of Lumbardie call'd Canossus in the time of Pope Gregory brought forth a little Infant with such great and large Eares that they covered the little body of it
have Gold in exchange their upper lip being little as ours This History is so remarkable that it deserves to have all the circumstances annexed unto it take therefore what Mr. Jobson in the the discourse of his golden trade sets downe concerning this Nation Monstrous great lips Mr Jobson discovery of the River Gambia and the trade of the Barbary Moore with them It is certaine saith he that when they come up into the Country where they have their chiefest trade they doe observe one set time and day to be at a certaine place whereas houses are appointed for them wherein they finde no body nor have the sight of any persons At this place they doe unlade their commodities and laying their salt in severall heapes and likewise setting their beades bracelets and any other commodities in parcels together they depart and remain away for a whole day in which day comes the people they trade withall and to each severall laies down a proportion of gold as he values it and leaving both the gold and the commodities goes his waies the Merchant returning againe as he accepts of the bargaine takes away the gold and lets the commodity remaine or if he findes there is too little left divides his commodity into another part for which he will have more at the unknowne peoples return they take to themselves where they see the gold is gone and either lay more gold or take away what was laid before and remaines in suspence So that at the Merchants third time his bargaine is finished for either he findes more gold or the first taken away and his commoditie left and thus it is said they have a just manner of trading and never see one another to which is added that the reason why these people will not be seen is for that they are naturally born with their lower lip of that greatnesse it turnes againe and covers the great part of their bosome and remaines with that rawnesse on the side that hangs down that through occasion of the Suns extreame heat it is still subject to putrifaction so as they have no meanes to preserve themselves but by continuall casting salt upon it and this is the reason salt is so pretious amongst them their Country being so farr up in the Land naturally yields none In an Island belonging to the great King of Dodyn are foule men Sr John Mandevils Travels cap. 62. that have their lips about their mouth so great that when they sleep in the Sun they cover all their faces with their lips Plin. Nat. Hist lib. 6. cap. 30. Schenkius observat de labiis They report that in the Inland parts of the East there are Nations that have no upper lip Schenkius speaks of an honest matron who had from her nativitie her upper lip so curt and short that it scarce sufficed to cover her upper teeth not without a deformed aspect It is observed that all of the house of Austria have a sweet fulnesse of the lower lip The Austrian Lip being at this day therefore by good right in high esteem The Sultan of Cambaia Lod. Rom. Patr. Navig 4. cap. 2. hath his upper lip so large and prominent that he can binde his head with them as well as women doe with their haire The Island Mozambique Lod. Rom Pa. Navigat lib. 7. the men and women have lips two fingers thick A certaine namelesse Poet speaking of the Aethiopians thus writes Quem nisi vox hominem Labris emissa sonaret Terrerent visos horrida Labra viros Have not these men hands to take their meat with that they should thus labour as if they meant to gather it up with their Lips as the Beasts unlesse it were to sweep a manger they can have no use of such Lips for it must necessarily be a meanes to hinder their speech by thickning their lips Deformed misplaced mouths as experience teacheth in those who either by Nature or by accident have thick swoln blabber lips causing them to speak in their mouth uttering their words very baldly and indistinctly and assuredly the same or worse must befall these artificiall Labions for their Lips must needs hang in their light and their words stick in the birth when such unwealdy Pourers out of speech occasion a hinderance to their delivery It hath been the infelicity of many Men and women among us and in other countries Trincavellus lib. 5. cap. 11. de cur human Corp. Morb. to have the upper Lip not whole and entire but cloven and parted in the midst such as we call hare-Lips Mizaldus Memorabib Cent. 3. Aphoris 77. Olaus Magnus Epit. Hist de Gent septentrion lib. 18. cap. 8. which happens when women great with child unexpectedly spy a hare or are crossed by one long for such meat eat of it or a hare suddenly leaps on their head for then usually they bring forth Infants with their upper lips bifid and cloven in two parts perpetually detaining this Lip divided between their Mouth and nostrils which daily experience doth confirme unlesse forthwith from the beginning they use that meanes which the Phisicall Corrector hath prescribed for the reducing of this deformity Paraeus de Genae vulneribus Schenkius observat de labiis See our Hist of the Acephaler Scen. 1. the manner of whose operation you may finde in Paraeus Schenckius and Moccius the Physitian Wee reade of monstrous Nations whereof some have their mouths in their shoulders and some that have them in their breast Lip-gallantry SCENE XI Lip-gallantry or certaine Labiall fashions invented by divers Nations THe Giachi their Ornament is to have their Lips branded with red hot Irons especially their upper Lips and so make streakes and lines in them Lindschoten The effigies of the King of Quoniambec Aldrovandus menstr Hist fol. 108. which Aldrovandus exhibits hath some alliance to this affectation In that town which was governed by Quitalbitor under Muteczuma Peter Mart. Decad. 4. King of that Province of the West Indies the men bore whatsoever space remaineth between the uppermost part of the neather Lip and the roots of the teeth of the lower chap and as we set Pretious stones in Gold to weare upon our fingers so in the hole of the Lip they weare a broad plate within fastned to another on the outside of the Lip and the Jewell they hang thereat is as great as a silver Caroline Dollar and as thick as a mans finger The Relator saith he doth not remember that ever he saw so filthy and ugly a sight yet they think nothing more fine and comely under the circle of the Moone Idam Pilgr 4. lib. 6. In Dominica the Women have their lips bored as an especiall note of bravery Purchas Pil. 4. lib. 6. The women of Surucusis have Chrystall of a skie colour hanging at their Lips Idem Pilgr 4. lib. 7. The Inhabitants of Malhada have the neather Lip bored and within the same they
carry a piece of a thin cane about halfe a finger thick The Farrupi Marriwini Idem eodem lib. 8. towards the high-land of India have also holes through their neather Lips The people on the southward of Tinda and Gambra Idem eodem lib. 8. are reported to weare iron rings through their Lips The better sort of Aegiptian women weare rings of gold or silver throgh both ends of their mouths and in their under Lip hanging rich Pearles and pretious stones to them They thinke themselves not worthy to live unlesse they weare their badges wherein the baser sort counterfeit these betters The Inhabitants of St. Croix of the Mount Leo Aph. Hist pierce their neather Lip at which they hang something which they thinke is very handsome In Pegu the men make holes in their Lips Grimstone of their manners in which they put Turquoises and Emeralds The Mosambiques and the Cassares Lindschoten lib. 1. some have holes both above and under their Lips sometimes besides their mouth through the cheeks wherein they thrust small bones which they esteeme a beautifying Munster Cosmograph lib. 6. cap. 55. The Inhabitants of the Cape of Good-Hope have their lower lip bored and in the hole they put little stones that their Lip seems beset with gems In Perviana also they weare jewels in their Lips A little from Gambra in Africa as an ensigne of Nobilitie and greatnesse the men and women weare rings in their Lips which when they eat their meat they take away putting them in and out at pleasure Purchas Pilgr 2. lib. 7. The men and women at the Cape of Lopo Gonsalves weare rings in their Lips some thrust small hornes or teeth through the holes and weare them so which they think to be a great Ornament unto them Others bore a hole in their neather Lip and play with their tongues in the hole so that they seeme to have two mouths and this is the least part of their cruell bravery Maginus saith Maginus Geograph Ameriae that the Brasileans as a pleasant phantasie wherein they take singular delight have from their tender age long stones of no value inserted in their lower lip onely some in their whole face a cruell sight to behold The selfe-same fashion is in request among the Margajates of Brasil Lind. lib. 2. yet not practised by the women These Nations have generally richer faces then our Drunkards although it may be they cost as much the setting on and it is generall almost with these Barbarians that they had rather weare stones then cloaths upon their bodies The Lips were ordained for the cover of the mouth given us to defend the teeth and cavity of the mouth while they shut it from cold and externall injuries for their office is first to have the custody of the teeth For since the teeth and their nerves are cold The inconvenience of Lip-gallantry they would be much hurt if they were exposed to the cold aire and not defended by the counterskarfe of the lips a benefit of Nature which these Nations seeme to reject Their second use is by their softnesse to temper the hardnesse of the teeth for they are thin and flexible that they might be rendred more apt for motion and more habile for the letting out and intercision of aire and they distinguish the refracted voice between the teeth and purgeth aire that is to be drawn into the inward parts and insomuch as they cover the mouth they also add much Ornament unto the face whence they who have lost their Lips that the gums are seen prove deformed and for a Nation to affect such a deformity is a strange solicisme committed against the honesty and justice of Nature They helpe to retaine spittle in the mouth lest it should continually flow out as it happens in decrepit men and children whose Lips are soft and resolved as also they help the rejection of spittle both which actions are frustrated and destroyed by the defacing fashion of the bored Lips so shamefully worne by some of the recited Nations They were given for the pouring out of speech and forming of the voyce which must needs be hindred by their practise which with rings and Jewels play at such losing loadum with their Lips they are given to all creatures for the commoditie of eating and drinking which these by their filthy finenesse somewhat impeach and therefore some of them are so well advised as to yield to the necessitie of Nature and to unloade their Lips when they eat These naturall uses of the mouth Absurd opinions about the Mouth some other Nations seem not to understand or else are wilfully ignorant of that freedome Purchas Pilgr 2. lib. 6. Leo in his description of Africa which the law of Nature affords in the use of it For the Numidians of the better sort cover their heads with a piece of black cloath part whereof like a visard or maske reacheth down over their faces covering all their countenance except their eyes so oft as they put meat into their mouths they remove the said maske which being done they forthwith cover the mouth againe alleadging this fond reason For say they as it is unseemly for a man after he hath received meat into his stomack to vomit it out of his mouth againe and cast it upon the earth so it is as undecent a part to eat meat with a mans mouth uncovered with whom it seems the covering of the mouth is observed with equall modesty as the covering of the feet by the Jews had Nature expected any such complement shee would have made a flap or cover for the mouth which the fondnesse of these men seems to have desired neither would shee have seated the mouth in so eminent open and conspicuous a place But this is nothing so derogating from the honestie of Nature as the fond conceit of the Azanegi Munster Cosmograph lib. 6. cap. 50 who cover their mouths being as much ashamed to discover them as their privities Aloys Cadamust Navigat lib. 1. cap. 10. therefore they carry about their mouth right as a shamefull part because forsooth the mouth as a sinke alwaies sends forth some evill savour neither doe they uncover it unlesse when they eat The Guineans take their meat torne in pieces with the three midmost fingers and gaping Purchas Pilg. 2. lib. 6. cast it so right into their mouths The Mouth mis-fed that they never faile or cast it besides a thing much wondred at by some Travellers that observed them Had Nature made the hands too short to reach their mouths they might have pleaded necessity for this pitch-cat-like feeding but the hands as Anatomists well observe were so placed and endowed with such a length that they might equally reach the mouth on either side Answerable to which absurdity is the custome of the people of Candou Island Purchas Pilgr 2. lib. 9. who use finger-spoones using no other for
only of indecency but of injustice and ingratitude against God and Nature repugnant to Scripture wherein we are forbidden not to corrupt the upper and lower honour of the Beard Levit. 19.27 Rabbi Moses cum notis Dionis voso or shave it upon which place Rabbi Moyses Maimonides hath made very subtile and precise glosses But we not only leaping in the Face of Nature but resisting God in manner of the Gyants are bold to establish a practicall Law against the first Decree insomuch as we may be likened unto the Rhodians and Bizantines and put in the same forme with them who when they were forbidden by a Law that no man should be shaved all of them began against the Law to shave their Chins and a Mulct moreover imposed upon all Barbers that had Razors yet that deter'd them not but they all used Razors So we against the Edicts of God the Oracles of the Prophets the Placits of Counsels and the judgement of Learned men hold fast the foolish Custome of shaving and will sooner forbid our selves fire and water than execute Commands contrary to our Custome like wicked Out-laws despising the sulmination of Divine anger More conformable to the Law of Nature were they of old when in Greece to shave the Beard was held for a great punishment In many places the punishment of Fornication was that the Fornicator should have his Beard chopt off openly with a keene Axe and so to be sent away which to him was a marke of infamy Thenet Cosmograph Thenet in his Cosmography saith Cutting off Beards where a punishment at this day in the Isle of Candy it is a kind of punishment to cut a mans Beard Paradin hist of Savoy lib. 2. cap. 155. Paradine writeth that certaine young Gentlemen who followed the Earle of Savoy were so served for forcing a Damosell and the Father made Declaration that he was well satisfied The Beglerbegs and Bassas of the Sultan wore very long Beards If the Sultan were displeased with any man he caused his beard to be cut for a punishment and shame as Emyr Seleyman served Chassan Captaine of the Janizaries which Chassan esteemed so great a shame unto him that he handled the matter so that Emyr Seleyman was entrapped and strangled To which we may add the merry History mentioned by Nicephorus in his Chronicle Niceph. in his Chronicle of Baldwin Prince of Edessa pawning of his Beard for a great Sum of money and his Father Gabriel Prince of Mitilene redeeming the extreme ignominy his Son was like to receive by the losse of his Beard furnishing him with money Eradicaters of Beards Jormand in li. cer Getticarum The Huns have their Cheekes to wit all the parts where the haire breaks out cut with an Iron by their Mothers while they yet suck on purpose to make them grow old without a Beard which is a naturall ornament that they it seemes abhor and hence they were made to live without a Beard because their Faces plowed with Irons did consume the timely grace of haires in skars Purchas Pilgr 2. lib. 10. The Bramas not far from Pegu if they see a man with a Beard they wonder at him for they with Pinsors pull out their haire as soone as it appeares Herberts Travels lib. 3. In Pegu also they weare no Beards and they cut and pluck their flesh to become braver than other Nations The Tovopinambaultians use also to eradicate the haire of their Beards The Chiribichenses are Beardlesse Pet. Martyr Decad. 8. and if a haire come forth they pluck it out one from another with certaine little Pinsers they call our men wild Beasts for that they endeavour to preserve their Beards The Inhabitants of the Cape of good Hope eradicate their Beards Munster Cosmograph lib. 6. cap. 55. painting their Chins with divers colours white black red and skie-coloured The Brasilians In the description of Nova Francia lib. 2. cap. 10. and the naturall Inhabitants of Caneda or New France the Beard of the Chin which is generally black and the producing cause cause thereof they take away and the Sagamos for the most part have but little Memmerton hath more than all the others and notwithstanding it is not thick as it is commonly with Frenchmen And although these people weare no beards on their Chins at the least for the most part yet for the inferiour parts they hinder not the growing and encreasing haires there It is said the women have some there also according as they be curious the Frenchmen made them beleeve that the French women have Beards on their Chins and have left them in that good opinion so that they were very desirous to see some of them In Florida the men pull out their Beards Hier. Giravae Cosmograph that they may appeare more beautifull In the Province of Mexico the men are Beardless Idem eadem not that Nature hath denied them the growth of a Beard but because they have a Conceit that they are more comly when the haire of their Beards are eradicated Thin Beards affected Idem eadem In some of the other Provinces of New Spaine although by Nature they have thick long black haire yet they pluck out their Beard anointing their Chin with a certaine Liquor which prohibits the re-encrease of the Beard Peter Mart. Decad. 7. The Chiroranes are beardlesse whether by Nature or by Art applying some kind of Medicine or whether they pluck off the haire like the People of Tenustitan it remaineth doubtfull However it be they are delightfull to shew themselves smooth which affectation smels of the Art of Salvius Otho who herein was allied unto them who because he would never have a Beard used depilatories Helyn China The Chinoyse also have very thin Beards consisting not of above twenty or thirty haires a thing wonderfull to behold and when they would describe a deformed man they paint him with a thick Beard Grimstone of their manners It is true that there are some that have the Beard well fashioned and a pleasing aspect or countenance but the number of these is small in regard of the rest and some thinke that these men came from some strange Country in old time and did mingle with the Chinois when it was lawfull for them to go out of the Realme Pet. Martyr Decad. 6. The Barbarians about the Haven of St Vincent are Beardlesse and in great feare of Bearded men upon which occasion Gonsalves used a pretty policy of twenty five beardlesse youths by reason of their tender yeares he made bearded men by the poling of their heads the haire being orderly composed to the end that the number of bearded might appeare the more to terrifie them if they should be assailed by war Beardlesse Nations as afterwards it fell out The Cathaians and the Cumanans Lindschotens Travels lib. 2. most of them are by Nature beardlesse The People of
it over with inke and the juyce of an herb What strange kind of Butchery do these Nations exercise Stigmatizers and what needlesse paine they put themselves unto to maintaine their cruell bravery Nay which is yet stranger they seeme to love this unnaturall and bloudy Gallantry so well that they hate their own flesh and bloud whereof they freely sacrifice to their fantasticall imaginations This in the Poets stile is to nullifie a Face And to speake in the spirit of old BEN What is the cause They think sure in disgrace Of Beauty so to nullifie a Face That Heaven should make no more or should amiss Make all hereafter when th 'ave ruin'd this Thus stigmatiz'd you need not doubt I tro Whether their Faces be their own or no. Thus the more sacred and honest part of the Body is prophaned by their wicked inventions Can either Gentility or Christianity be forgiven such an errour surely no. This abominable folly and madnesse was reproved in the Hebrews who as these do in pride and bravery so they did scotch their Faces in time of mourning which was usuall among them of great antiquity by reason whereof the same was forbidden them by the Law of God in Leviticus Jer. 41.2 3. Lev. 19.5 You shall not cut your flesh for the Dead nor make any marke of a print upon you I am the Lord. Deut. 14.1 And againe in Deutrinomy You are the children of the Lord your God you shall not cut your selves Which was also forbidden by the Romans in the Laws of the twelve Tables Pet. Mart. Decad. 3. They in the Golden Region of Coiba-Dites are more excusable than these mad and cruell Gallants Painter-stainers for they spare their own flesh and marke their slaves in the flesh after a strange manner making holes in their Faces and sprinkling a powder thereon they moisten the pounced place with a certaine black or red juyce whose substance is of such tenacity and claminesse that it will never weare away Grimston of their manners The Arabian women before they go unto their husbands either on the marriage day or any other time to lye with them paint their Faces Breasts Armes and Hands with a certaine azured colour thinking that they are very hansome after this manner and they hold this Custome from the Arabians which first entred into Africk and these learned it from the Africans yet at this day the town of Barbery inhabited by them of the Country do not imitate this custome but their wives love to maintaine their naturall Complexion It is true that they have sometimes a certaine black painting made of the smoake of Galls and Saffron with the which they make little spots upon their Cheekes and they paint their Eyebrows of a Triangular forme and they lay some upon their Chin which resembles an Olive leafe And this being commended by the Arabian Poets in their amorous Songs there is not any African of great note but will carry it in a great bravery But you must understand that these women dare not weare this painting above two or three daies nor shew themselves before their Kinsmen in this equipage for that it favours something of a whore They only give the sight and content thereof unto their husbands to incite them to love Women-Painters for that these women desire the sport much and they think that their beauty receives a great grace by this painting In Leo's description of Africa the Relation runs thus Their Damsels that are unmarried do usually paint their Faces Breasts Armes Hands and Fingers with a kind of counterfeit colour which is accounted a most decent custome among them But this Fashion was first brought in by those Arabians which were called Africans what time they began first of all to inhabit that Region for before then they never used any false or glosing colours The women of Barbary use not this fond kind of painting but contenting themselves only with their naturall hue they regard not such fained ornaments howbeit sometimes they will temper a certaine colour with Hens dung and Saffron wherewithall they paint a little round spot in the balls of their Cheekes about the breadth of a French Crown likewise between their Eye-brows they make a Triangle and paint upon their Chins a patch like unto an Olive leafe Some of them also do paint their Eyebrows and this Custome is very highly esteemed of by the Arabian Poets and Gentlemen of that Country Howbeit they will not use these Phantasticall ornaments above two or three daies together all which time they will not be seen to any of their friends except it be their Husbands and Children for these paintings seeme to be great allurements to lust whereby the said women thinke themselves more trim and beautifull Men painted The Author of the Treasury of Times Grimston of their manners In Fez the women use to deck and adorne the Bride by trimming her hair rubbing her Cheeks and painting them red and her hands and feet black with a certaine tincture which continueth but a while Grimston of the estate of the Turk in Africa They that live in the Province of Bugia in Africk have an ancient custome to paint a black Crosse upon their Jaw-bones Grimst of the estate of China Magin Geograph Lord Bacon Nat. Hist Cent. 8. Exper. 739. The women in China use painting and ointments And it is practized by the men for the Chineses as my Lord Bacon notes who are of an ill complexion being olivaster paint their Cheeks scarlet especially their King and Grandees Grimston of their manners Jo. Bohem. l. 2. de rit gent. The ancient Scythian women rubbed their naked bodies against some sharpe and rough stone having then powred water upon them and their flesh being swoln by this meanes they rubbed their bodies with the wood of Cypress Cedar and Incense they did also use certaine ointments for the Face made of the like Drugs by means whereof they smell sweet then having the day following taken away these Plaisters they seemed more beautifull and pleasing In Norembega all of them as well men as women paint their Faces Grimston of their manners Magin Geogra Americae Purch Pilgr 1. lib. 4. Lindscot li. 2. The naturall Inhabitants of Jucata paint their Faces and Bodies black The Native Socotorans paint their Faces with yellow and black spots loathsome to behold The Brasilean women paint their Faces with all kind of Colours which their Neighbours and other women do for them Face-stainers In the middle of their Cheekes they make a round circle drawing lines from it of divers colours untill their Faces be full not leaving so much undone as their Eye-lids The Virginian women adorne themselves with paintings some have their Face Breasts Hands Capt. Smiths Hist of Virginia and Legs cunningly embroidered with divers workes as Beasts Serpents artificially wrought into their flesh with black spots their Heads and Shoulders are
painted red with the root Pocone brayed to powder mixed with oyle which Scarlet-like colour makes an exceeding handsome shew and is used by the Kings Concubines this they hold in Summer to preserve them from the heat and in Winter from the cold Many other formes of painting they use but he is the most Gallant that is the most monstrous to behold Their Children of whom they are easily delivered and yet love them dearely to make them hardy in the coldest mornings they make them wash in the Rivers and by painting and ointments so tann their skins that after a yeare or two no weather will hurt them when they enter into battell they paint and disguise themselves in the fiercest manner they can devise After their ordinary burials are ended the women having painted all their Faces with black coale and oile do sit 24 houres in their houses mourning and lamenting by turnes with such yelling and howling as may expresse their great passions the Faces of all their Priests are painted as ugly as they can devise Sometimes the men appeare halfe black and halfe red Face-grimers but all their Eyes painted white and some red stroakes like Mustachoes along their Cheeks Some of them paint their Eyes red having white stroakes over their black Faces so that they look more like devils than men Captaine Smith about Onawniament encountred with Ambushcadoes of such Savages so strangely painted grimed and disguised shouting yelling and crying as so many spirits from Hell could not have shewed more terrible Johan Bohem. de moribus gen lib. 3. Somewhat allyed to this barbarous way of Disguise is the Custome of the Germans who are said once a yeare to run mad covering their Faces with Vizards belying their Sex and Age some of them willing rather to represent Satyrs or Divels paint themselves with Vermilion or Inke deforming themselves with such nefarious habits others running naked play the Lupercalls from whom my Author thinks this annuall Custome of raving was first derived who naked and with their faces defiled in bloud wandring through the City were wont to strike every one they met with thongs of leather The Author of the Description of Nova Francia lib. 2. The Souriquois do paint their Faces all with black which maketh them seeme very hideous but this is their mourning Visage Ramutius narration of Nova Francia The women of New France about the Port of the holy Crosse for the death of their Husbands weare a certaine black weed all the daies of their life besmearing all their Faces with coale dust and grease mingled together almost halfe a quarter of an Intch thick and by that they are known to be Widdows Painting being Universall Face-daubers and without exception among the West Indians The Author of the Description of Nova Francia lib. â— for if any of them maketh Love he shall be painted with red or blue colour and his Mistris also If they be glad at any thing they will do the like generally which is their expression of jolly bravery But when they are sad or plot some Treason then they overcast all their Face with black and are hideously deformed In Persia the womens pale colour is made sanguine by adulterate complexion Herberts Travels and their round cheeks are fat and painted The common womens cheeks are of a delicate dye but Art not Nature causeth it The Grecian women for the most part Sandys Travels lib. 1. are brown of complexion but exceedingly well favoured they cover not their Faces the Virgins excepted unlesse it be with painting using all the supplement of a sophisticated beauty And not without cause for when they grow old the most grow contemptible being put to the drudgery of the house and many times to wait on their Children The Spanish women when they are married Howel Epist Famil they have a priviledge to weare high Shooes and to paint which is generally practised there and the Queen useth it her selfe which brings on a great decay in the naturall Face For it is observed that women in England look as youthfull at fifty as some there at twenty five This saith Munster Munst Cosm lib. 2. is to be reproved in your Spanish women that they now and then deforme their face with washes of Vermilion Ceruse because they have lesse native colour than your French women Artificial Faire Ones and indeed other nations learnt from them the use of Spanish paper The Ladies of Italy not to speake of the Curtezans to seeme fairer than the rest take a pride to besmeare and paint themselves A Geographer speaking of Venice saith that it is thought no one City againe is able to compare with that City for the number of gorgeous Dames as for their beauty of face though they be faire indeed I would not willingly commend them because there is in a manner none old or young unpainted It is observed that the Roman Dames had infinite little boxes filled with loathsome trash of sundry kind of colours and compositions for the hiding of their deformities the very sight and smell whereof was able to turne a mans stomack Ovid. de medic fac Pixides invenies rerum mille colores Non semel hinc stomacho nausea facta meo And for the face used so much slibber-sauce such daubing and painting that a man could not well tell facies dicatur an ulcus May it a Face or a Botch be call'd Johan Bohem. de moribus gen lib. 3. The ancient English stained their Faces with Woad which is of a blew or sky colour that they might appeare more horrid to their enemies in fight Our English Ladies who seeme to have borrowed some of their Cosmeticall conceits from Barbarous Nations Spotted Faces affected are seldome known to be contented with a Face of Gods making for they are either adding detracting or altering continually having many Fucusses in readinesse for the same purpose Sometimes they think they have too much colour then they use Art to make them look pale and faire Now they have too little colour then Spanish paper Red Leather or other Cosmeticall Rubriques must be had Yet for all this it may be the skins of their Faces do not please them off they go with Mercury water and so they remaine like peeld Ewes untill their Faces have recovered a new Epidermis This is as odious and as senselesse an affectation as ever was used by any barbarous Nation in the World And I doubt our Ladies that use them are not well advised of the effect they worke for these spots in Faire Faces advantage not beauty as they suppose Black patches no advantage to Beauty because contraries compared and placed neare one another shew their lustre more plainely but because it gives envy satisfaction which takes pleasure in defects or by reason it takes away that astonishment which instead of delighting confounds not that Imperfection can make perfect or that the defect
1. lib. 2. In a certaine Island in Eight Degrees as Sir Francis Drake sailed from Nova Albion the people have Nailes on their fingers of an inch long They of Java weare long nailes De Bry Hist Ind. Caelius l. 18. The Cedrosii and Brasileans never pare their Nails but suffer them to grow as long as they live In Cumana it is one of the points of bravery with the principall women to weare long nailes De Bry Hist Ind. A dangerous fashion if taken up here with us In Florida also the women let their nailes grow long Jacob. de Mayn de Florida scraping them on the sides that they become acute but especially the men for if they can apprehend any of our men in fixing their nailes in the Fronts of them they claw off the skin and leave them blind and torne I am informed by a Friend that hath been in Persia The dignity of the Nailes maintained that observed the Custome that the Persians weare long nailes and that it is accounted with them a sign of Gentility these long nailes are painted as you heard before which naile-rites are so considerable among them that our Merchants that are resident there conforme unto their custome which my Friend observed in one Master Hunnywood an Agent there for the East India Company To defend the Dignity and Majesty of Nature in the increase of Nailes Galen saith because either with scratchings or other actions the ends of them weare away Nature hath allowed these parts only a power of continuall encrease although the whole body hath left off to be encreased Not as other parts in all the dimentions of length breadth and profundity but in length only other new nailes alwaies growing under the old and driving forward the old Neither was this institution vain but in supplement and reparation of the decay of nailes by which device the construction of the nails was brought up to the highest pitch of Natures Providence whose will verily in commending the providence of Nature is commendable But Ulmus goes a better way to defend this notable provision of Nature affirming that her ineffable wisdome had no respect in giving that power to the Nailes to any thing imperfect but rather very perfect for this argument is referred to warne the naturall soule that it should not be loath or ashamed to descend to conform and take care for the Body also which admonition and descention doth not only elevate the forces of our Soule but rather very much increase them for she collects this admonished by such an example for she is rationall If I must descend to the Body why should I not also ascend to higher things The growth of nailes profitable This agitation of the mind about corporall parts and the ever-growing nailes makes the Soule more boldly and ventrously to reflect upon it selfe and to investigate better things Wherefore these parts and motions of the soule to conserve them may be assimilated to sin which sometimes becomes profitable to the transgressour So we compare these monsters of time and place to sins for they teach the utility and commodity of the naturall worke We tremble to pronounce any thing in Nature to be besides Nature but this necessary care about the perpetuall increment of nailes we may affirme to bring many commodities to mankind Hunger is the beginning of our contemplation which happens by reason of the dissipation of those things which constitute our bodies being occult and a thing which escapes the reach of our Senses who ever condemned this Hunger none ever because it is the worke of Nature working naturally and admonishing us of alition and the worke of the Nutrative faculty Hunger would not happen unlesse the parts of the Body did decrease the sence of which decrement when it comes upon us is called Hunger the perpetuall increment of the Nailes is correspondent to the decrement of Hunger for as Hunger admonisheth us that something is to be taken that the dissipated substance may be repaired In like sort this increase of the Nailes puts us in mind that we must detract somewhat that these parts may be commoderate to the operation of Nature and no way hinder or disturbe her for when the extravagant nailes grow too long by that importune accrement they hinder the tops of the fingers if men be to use them upon imployment These Nations then that are so unpolitick may justly be called wild men The reforming of the Nailes a noble care of a sordid disposition from whence perchance the appellation of Secordes is derived for they carry those parts with themselves which come to be rejected with sordid things and recrements These therefore who are so Salvage and far estranged from humane life as not to abhor the sordid toleration of their growth which very much displeaseth us when by any neglect they gaine an extravagant and claw like aspect have little care or respect of their own bodies Not but that the increment of the Nailes is very naturall and the care of these though small things is in very Nature nay the care of these parts is more noble than the care of our nourishment since the care of them appertaines to reason and to the practick Intellect and by how much the practick Intellect is more noble than the nutrient Soule so much to a more noble order doth the care of the Nailes in conforming them to the Law of Nature appertaine And this care is so proper to man that it hath its vertues and vice which yet is very difficult to be understood by common wits For as the Advancer of Learning saith it hath parts Civill and parts Effeminate For cleannesse and the civill beauty of the body was ever esteemed to proceed from a modesty of behaviour and a due reverence in the first place towards God whose Creatures we are then towards Society wherein we live and then towards our selves whom we ought no lesse nay much more to revere than we do any others Now the Nailes are existent parts which alwaies almost grow and when they incur such an excess of an increased quantity they do but hinder the operations of the humane Soule and when they decline from their proper Mode of quantity and increase further the Deduction and Moderation of their Excrescency to a just extendure Increase of nailes a prerogative is to the benefit of the Intellect that imployeth them this is called Cultus the vice of this denominated vertue is Squalor the other extreame is Delitium nomine ficto non fictitio Although this be accounted in the Roll of Vertues it is yet distinguished by the calculation of Sex Age and perchance institution of life Now the Organs of the practique Intellect are to rectifie and regulate the excrescent supercrescent and ever-crescent parts for in all parts there is an appointed end a certaine commoderation of the quantity of parts to the actions of them according to the faculties using the Organ in the
would spoile them Spigelius More cautious and better advised are the Venetian Dames who never lace themselves accounting it an excellency in beauty to be round and full bodied to attaine which comely fulnesse they use all the Art possible and if they be not corpulent by Nature Round and full Bodies affected nor can be really brought to it by Art will yet counterfeit such a Habit of body by the bumbasticall dissimulation of their Garments Purch Pilgr 2. lib. 6. The Egyptian Moorish women discreetly affect the same liberty of Nature who spread their Armes under their Robes to make them shew more corpulent for they thinke it a speciall excellency to be fat and most of them are so in frequenting the Baines for certaine daies together using such frictions and Diet as daily use confirmeth for effectuall And indeed as my Lord Bacon noteth Lord Bacons nat hist cent 9. Frictions make the parts more fleshy and full as we see both in men and in the currying of Horses c. the cause is for that they draw greater quantity of spirits and bloud to the parts And againe because they draw the Aliment more forcibly from within And againe because they relax the Pores and so make better passage for the spirits bloud and aliment Lastly because they dissipate and digest an inutile or excrementitious moisture which lyeth in the flesh all which help assimulation Frictions also do more fill and impinguate the Body than exercise The cause is for that in Frictions the inward parts are at rest How to make a body fleshy and full which in exercise are beaten many times too much and for the same reason Galley-slaves are fat and fleshy because they stir the Limbs more and the inward parts lesse SCENE XXI A modest Apology Strange inventive Contradictions against Nature practically maintained by divers Nations in the ordering of their Privy-parts AFter our Historicall peregrination to discover the use and abuse of Parts being arrived at this place in the Tract of a practicall Metamorphosis I could not see how I should answer it to Nature if I had silently passed by the abuses that have been put upon her in these parts for had I given way to such an unseasonable modesty my designe had proved lame and a great part of my end and aime frustrated it being to make a thorough discovery not only of the pragmaticall vanity of man but of the raging malice of the enemy of mankind who labours to deforme and destroy the worke of Nature while after most wonderfull and strange waies he exerciseth prophane and wicked men by the law of his Tyranny to which he hath enslaved them The cause of frequent Transformations who in the first place hath laid snares for the parts of Generation there being no other part be so deadly hates not only endeavouring as Peucerus rightly notes to encrease the penalty inflicted by God upon Nature but to hinder the propagation of the remaining impression of the Image of the Archetype in man and debar his restitution which is one reason that is given by the learned Bauhinus of the cause of mans so frequent Transformation Bauhin lib. de Hermoph I but some may say this might have been an obstacle to reveale the veile of Nature to prophane her mysteries for a little curious skill pride to ensnare mens minds by sensuall expressions seemeth a thing lyable to heavy constructions But what is this as one saith apollogyzing for himselfe in such a businesse but to arraigne Vertue at the bar of Vice Hath the Holy Scripture it selfe the Wisdome of God as well in the old Law particularly as also in many passages of the New balked this Argument God that created these parts did he not intend their preservation in the state of Nature and can they be preserved so if we know not their naturall perfection Or if the injurious inventions of man have practically depraved these parts can Nature be vindicated or her honesty asserted without knowledge and discovery of the Abuses that have been and are committed in these parts Examples there are of this Concession not only in Latine but in all mother Tongues And the most of my Histories are in English already as appeares by the grave Authours quoted and this hath had an allowance in all Ages and Common-wealths and the opinion of grave and reverend Divines is that such discourses upon fit occasions are not to be intermitted Indeed Yard-Balls it were to be wished that all men would come to the knowledge of these secrets with pure eyes and eares such as they were matched with in their Creation But shall we therefore forfeit our knowledge because some men cannot containe their lewd and inordinate affection Our intention is first and principally to discover the abuses of the parts Secondarily to teach those who are sober minded the naturall use honesty and perfection of parts as well to give glory to him who hath so wonderfully created them as also to explode and detest the mischieves prodigious vanity to which among and above the rest these parts have been notoriously subjected As much as was possible we have endeavoured not frustrating our lawfull scope by honest words and circumlocutions to render the Argument more favourable to the eares of those who are wise indeed and not to discontent any unlesse the Negative ignorance of such who precisely thinke there is no other principle of goodnesse than not to know evill The Inhabitants of Ava in the West-Indies Purch Pilgr 3. lib. 1. weare in their Yards betwixt the skin and flesh Bels of Gold Silver or Brasse of the bignesse of Nuts which they put in when they are of age to use women and in short time cure the place and the men much please themselves to heare the sound of them as they go these Venus-Morris-Dancers frisking often to the tune of their own Codpiece-musique Magin Georgr Ind. orient One Geographer gives in evidence against the Peguans that they are very much given to luxurie and that they in favour of the women weare golden or silver bells hanging at their virile members to the end that they make a sound as they walk through the City Grimston of their manners Another saith the Peguans are wonderfully given to the love of women and for their sakes they weare little bells of Gold and Silver hanging at their members to the end they may make a noise when as they go in the streets Herberts Travels lib. 3. For Siam another Authour reports that to deter these Catamites a late Queene Rectrix commanded that all Male Children should have a bell of Gold in it an Adders Tongue dried put through the prepuce which in short time not only became not contemptible but inway of ornament and for Musique few are now without three or foure so that when they have a mind to marry he hath his choice of what maid he likes but beds her not untill
the Midwife presents a sleepy Opiate potion during the operation whereof the Bell is loosed from the flesh and fastened to the Foreskin which hinders not but titilates A description of these Yard-balls the Unguent is applied and the cure is perfected I beleeve the report of these Bells of Siam will ring like a loud lye and the yard Tennis-Balls keep a vile racket in mens imaginations and ere Reason hath plaid out the Game will be struck into the hazzard of incredulity yet beyond expectation I have met with a kind of ocular assurance in this businesse which I owe to the courtesie of an ingenious Physitian who knowing my Designe freely offered to contribute to the curiosity thereof I would all knowing men were of his intellectuall Constitution and had the right gallant temper of a Platonique Spirit to communicate and advance Notiall Ideas This noble Doctor I say procured me one of these Balls which a friend of his brought from Pegu when he delivered it unto me we both wondred at the unexpected size and weight thereof for it was a little bigger than a musket bullet being about an Inch in Diameter the metall is of such a temper which we know not it is two parts Gold and one Brasse perfectly round and yielding a very sweet sound far beyond any of our hand Symbals which this somewhat resembles and the hissing melody thereof makes me to thinke that it is an Adders dried Tongue that is within it according as Historians report but the containing Concave being close and not open as our little Bels our curiosity would have spoiled the instrument with a forced inspection the Gentleman that brought it over informes us that they use there to put three or foure of them in between the Glans and the praeputium and they remaine fast there without slipping out who can sufficiently admire that any member should officiate clogged with such weight or that they should find stable roome for it A restraint of Sodomy and yet Travellers have discovered the waies of an artificiall Capacity Surely the men exceed not only us but them of Ginne in the largenesse of this Organ or else they must needs suffer much by such a dolorous extension of the praepuce as this fond fashion will necessarily occasion Whether O whether and to what prodigious extremities doth the abused phantasie of man sometimes drive him Among all the Inventions that he ere found out this would appeare most mad and filthy if it had been meerly for Ornament Musique or Delight but my zeale for the honesty of Nature is somewhat tempered with patience when I find that the originall of this contrivance was because they should not abuse the Male Sex for in times past all the Country was so given to that villany that they were scarce of people And therefore a Queen Rectrix imposed the wearing of those Balls upon them in way of restraint But as for the other part of their Queens ordinance it no way stands with the honesty of Nature who the better to allure men from Sodomy ordained that the women should weare but three Cubits of cloath in their Smocks which they weare with three braces which is therefore so streight that they cannot go but they must shew their secrets as 't were aloft and in their going they feigne to hide it with their hand but cannot by reason of the straightnesse of the cloath for they are so covered as another observes Herberts Travels that a base device 't is made to open as they go so as any impure aire gives all to mens immodest eye denudating those parts which every modest eye most scornes each honest thought most hates to see and thinke upon Which thing it seemes was invented by a Queene to be an occasion that the sight thereof might remove from men that vice against Nature Absurd projects of women to gaine regard which they were greatly given unto which sight should cause them to regard Women the more Yet they of the Kingdome of Benni are it seems Purch Pilgr 2. lib. 7. of another opinion concerning the effect of this Invention for there men and women are not ashamed to shew themselves one unto another as they themselves affirme and by reason prove saying that a man more coveteth and desireth a thing that he seeth not or may not have then that he seeth and may borrow and have and for that cause they hide not their privy members And all those Spaniards Portugals Frenchmen Flemmings and English-men that have been conversant in those parts have affirmed that their manner of going naked is neither fightly nor pleasing and that nothing makes a woman more despised and contemned than to behold her ordinarily naked Wherefore they are not to be imitated that so freely discover their parts of shame only thereby to gaine husbands Nor the Africans Indians Caribes or Brasileans who go naked not for ostentation but by custome either in regard of the Countries great heat or by not being acquainted with the use of Garments but rather we ought to cloathe and conceale those parts which Nature her selfe hath placed so far off both from the sight of our selves and others And indeed although it may seeme to be a bait and provocation to lust and lasciviousnesse yet experience shews the contrary for that splendid apparell The Art of Infibulation of the prepuce counterfeit crisped haire is more discommendable than the nakednesse of these Barbarians which might be made good by many reasons Our first Parents after their sin were justly ashamed seeing their nakednesse And we detest the Heresie which violating the Law of Nature not in this point sufficiently observed by our Adamites endeavours to bring in this shamefull Custome Yet we are neverthelesse to be condemned for condemning them for going naked since we offend in the contrary with too much decking our bodies And would we could regard more modesty and necessity of habits and use them rather for honesty than to pride and vanitie which is more hurtfull than their nakednesse Among the Ancients to prevent young effeminate Inamorato's especially Comedians from untimely Venery and cracking their voices they were wont to fasten a Ring or Buckle on the Foreskin of their Yard as Celsus reports and hereto Martiall seemes to allude in that place Mart. Epigr. where he saies Dum ludit mediâ populo spectante Palestrâ Heu cecidit misero fibula verpus erat Juvenal Satyr A practice also noted by the Satyrist Solvitur his magno Comeodi fibula The Patagons a Race of Giants Purch Pilgr 1. lib. 2. in the fortieth Degree of the South Pole trusse their Genitall members so as it is hidden within their body Which is a transgression against the morall Law of Nature established in our members Nature having excluded these parts from out the Continent of the body for the better moderating of Concupiscence They in the Bay of Soldania have but one stone naturally
and for some such ends have committed the same cruell Trespasse against Nature But the maine designe in this businesse originally was to make them more fit to keep their women the name Eunuch imposed upon them being as it were a cloake wherewith they covered the injury done to Nature it signifies as it were Chamberlaine and keeper of their Bed entertained and appointed for the preserving their women Montaig lib. 1. Essay 22. yet in some Countries where Eunuches have religious women in keeping because they shall not be loved they have also their Noses and Lips cut off And as the Genitall parts put a difference between Nation and Nation so between one Religion and another Religious Eunuchs For the Priests of Cybele the great mother of the Gods used to cut off their own members and so geld themselves without danger of death which they do with a sheard of Samian earth Voscius de orig progr Idolat lib. 2. I find in Voscius the reason why those Priests of the Goddesse gelded themselves it was but in respect of the Corne that was reaped but the seminall force is in the harvest for as the prolifique vertue is from the virile parts so seed from the Corne And by their Example a man of a simple wit to be revenged of his wife plaid such a pranke with himselfe of which Lucilius Lucil. Satyr â— Hanc ubi vult male habere ulcisci pro scelere ejus Testam sumit homo Samiam sibique illico telo Praecidit caulem testesque una amputabat ambo Plin. nat Hist lib. 11. Thus Religion also hath made Eunuches as the Priests of the Gaules who castrated themselves Mat. cap. 19. and of Stone-Priests became Galli Castrati French Capons And herein appeared most manifestly the Lapse of Origens judgement who having wrested and taken all other places of Scripture in an allegoricall sense took this Some have made themselves Eunuchs for the Kingdome of God in a litterall sense and to that end castrated himselfe And there were many in his time and since were hardly conceited of him that justly that he in the flower of his Age being then about twenty five yeares old should deprive himselfe of Virga virilis not having in those parts any disease that might require any such extirpation Divers waies of Castration for to deprive himselfe however sanctimonious his intentions were of those parts contrary to the order of Nature was an unlawfull mutilation and meere treason committed against her Two waies there are of this unnaturall dilapidation of the body one is performed by contusion the other by excision the last being more approved of for they who have suffered the contusion of their Testicles may now and then affect to play the man some part as it is likely of the Testicles lying hid within those that had passed this kind of Eunuchisme by contusion were called Thlibiae and Thladiae And because Physitians are now and then by Great ones against their wills compelled to castrate also Paul Aeginet lib. 6. cap. 68. Paulus Aegineta delivers the manner of operation A thing very improper to our Art which is the chiefest servant of Nature for whereas the Physitians Art doth reduce bodies from the state which is against Nature into the naturall the manner of making Eunuches which the Greekes call Eunuchismum promiseth the contrary But the keene jealousie of latter times hath gone a little nearer with Eunuches Rousset de partu Caesar sect 6. cap. 6. Hist 2. Cardan Comment in Hippo. l. de Aere Aqnis locis Lect. 62. Text. 19. Scaliger exercit 104. num 8. ad subtil Cardani and made them taste deeper of the Rasor even to the totall deprivation of the Genitals For although at first among the Turkes their Eunuches were only Castrati gelt yet since perceiving Eunuchos posse etiam non velle solum now they will not trust their Eunuches with any part of their virility no way confiding in simple Eunuches But the Eunuches in the Great Turks Seraglio who are in number about two hundred they are all of them not only gelt The time of making Eunuches but have their Yards also cleane cut off and are chosen of those Runegago youths which are presented from time to time to the Grand Signiour Graves descrip of the Grand Sign Court Few or none of them are gelt against their will For then as the Master Workmen in that businesse affirme they would be in great danger of death wherefore to get their consent they promise them faire and shew unto them the assurance they may have in time to become great men All which must be done when they are very young at their first comming into the Seraglio For it is a worke not to be wrought upon men of yeares which invention although it abate their courage yet they generally prove men of the greatest judgement and fidelity their minds being set on businesse rather than on pleasure This kind of Eunuchisme was of old a fashion in Persia and all parts of the Levant where it is a Custome to geld their Male Children when they are young that being Eunuches they may be capable of places of Trust and preferment in Princes Courts who indeed are often advanced by that meanes none being held so trusty as they especially to looke to their women who therefore thinke they have a good bargaine in exchanging the naturall Conduit of their Urine for a Quill which they weare in their hats in a way of jolly ostentation Marcus Paulus Thenetus and Garcias d' Orta a Portugall Physitian do deliver for a certainty that in Bengala a Kingdome most potent at this day seated on the Islands and mouth of the River Ganges in the East-Indies the Moores inhabiting that place Where they sell their Children to be made Eunuchs do travell into other forreigne Lands and the neighbouring Isles to buy young Children whose Parents being poore and covetous of money do sell their Sons else these villaines will rob and steale them thence and carry them quite away and not only cut off Virga but Parastrates also such as escape death after this cutting they educate them very delicately and afterwards sell them to the Persians and other Mahumatists who buy them at a very deare rate to wit three or foure hundred Ducats a piece to serve as men of their Chambers in a foule and unlawfull acquaintance and also to have the charge of their Wives The Turkes that dwell in Europe and Asia do use the very same Castration on such young boies as they can seize on in the Christian Countries and then make sale of them in manner aforenamed A practice seene and observed by the Lord Villamont in the City of Damas in Syria Ld Villamont Hist l. 3. c. 5. in the yeare 1589. where a beautifull Russian slave of a Bashaw whom his Master intended to geld in full manner before recited and then to present him
Lycosthenes Other monstrifique births there have been deformed with the feet of other Animals For in Germany neare the Town of Lawferburg in the Borders of the Helvetians upon the Rhine Anno Dom. 1274. there was a boy borne with the feet of a Goose Pedestrall Monsters Aldrovandus Aldrovandus speakes of an Hermaphroditicall Monster with the Legs and Feet of an Eagle all other parts retaining the Humane forme which perchance because it could not be taken was shot to death with Arrowes In the yeare 1512. a little before Ravenna was sackt there were cruell wars in Italy Aldrovand Hist monst Guzman de Alfrage And in this very City I mean Ravenna there was borne a strange Monster which did strike the beholders into great admiration and caused much wonder He had from the girdle upward all his whole body face and head like unto a man saving that he had one horn in his forehead he wanted his Armes but instead thereof Nature had given him two wings like a Bat he had figured in his Breast the Pythagoricall Y and in his stomack down to his belly a well formed Crosse or Crucifix he was an Hermaphrodite both these two naturall Sexes being in a very proportionable manner well and truly formed he had no more but one thigh and to it one leg with its foot like a Kites and the tallons answerable thereunto in the knotty part or locking joint of the Knee he had one only Eye These monstrosities and unnaturall shapes possessed mens minds with extraordinary admiration and those that were learned men and great Schollers considering with themselves that such monsters in nature were usually prodigious and did foretoken some strange effects did beat their braines and exercise the strength of their wit in the speculation and search of the signification thereof Nations with the feet of a Horse and what this strange monster might portend amongst many other that the horne did signifie pride and ambition the wings inconstancy and lightnesse want of armes want of good workes the foot of that bird of Rapine theft usury and Avarice the eye in the knee affection to vanities and worldly things the two Sexes Sodomy and beastly filthinesse in all which vices Italy did then abound For the which God did scourge them with his whip of wars and dissentions but the crosse and the Y were good and fortunate signes for the Y in the breast did signifie Vertue and the crosse on the belly that if men suppressing their dishonest lusts of the flesh should embrace vertue in their breasts God would give them peace sweeten his displeasure and abate his wrath Aldrov hist Monst fol. 371. Somewhat the like monster Aldrovandus exhibits saving that it had two feet one whereof was like a mans with an eye in the knee and the left leg was scaly and ended in the taile of a fish Isidor l. 11. c. 3. Isidore writes plainly that there is a Nation which appeares with a humane body and the feet of a Horse Mela. l. 3. c. 3. And Mela and Solinus do not seeme to doubt but that there may be men with Horses feet for Mela saith that in the Islands of Oonae in the Northern sea are the Oones who have feet like Horses they are called Hippopodes with whom Solinus doth accord Solin cap. 21. The Hippopodes retaine the Humane forme unto the Legs but end in Horse feet Plin. Nat. hist lib. 4. And Pliny expresly declares that there are such men among the Oones who are borne with horse feet Such kind of Centaures are said to inhabit in certaine Islands distant three daies saile from the Scythian shores called Hippopodes Centaures and Onocentaures although other Writers say they have the Legs of an Asse and called Onosceli from their asinine Legs Hence 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a kind of Divels so called a cruribus asininis as Rhodiginus saith In the Regions of Tamberlaine in times past called the Great there were Centaures found of such a forme that their upper part resembled man with two armes like a Toad and the other parts a horse Among Authors also we read of Onocentaures representing the fore-part of a man and the hinder part of an asse for the Septuagint Interpreters upon Isaiah render that the Onocentaures shall inhabit forsaken Babylon although the Vulgar Interpreters interpret Vlulas In some places of the Region of Peru Hist of Peru part 1. there be certaine great Apes inhabiting with whom the Inhabitants by the suggestion of the Devils are mingled whence there ariseth Monsters with the head and privities of men but with the hands and feet of Apes the rest of their bodies all hairy which speake not but with howling after a manner emulate Devils Of some such kind of extraction that Indian Satyr seemes to have been described by Tulpius Ex Tulpii obser that was brought from Angola in his time and bestowed upon Henry Frederick Prince of Orange And this Satyr was foure-footed but of the humane kind as may be seen by his Effigies He was called by the Indians Orang-Outang or a wild man The description of a wild man Resembling a child of three yeares old in length as also one of six yeares in thicknesse He was neither of a grosse nor slender body but well set yet very neat and nimble but he had joints so straight and muscles so large that he both durst and could do any thing He was smooth before on both sides and behind hairy with black haires His visage resembled a man but his Nostrils being flat and crooked upward was like a wrinkled and toothlesse old woman His eares were like other mens and also his breast having on both sides a swelling Pap for it was of the Female Sex he had a very large Navell and his upper and lower joints were so exactly alike with mens that you shall hardly see one egge more like to another His elbow was excellently joyned neither was the order of his fingers nor thumbs different from the humane forme nor the Calfe of his leg nor his heele unlike which neat and comly carriage of his members was the reason that oftentimes he would go upright and also he would with more ease take up any heavy burden than carry it When he would drinke he would take the Cup by the handle with one hand and put his other underneath it then he would wipe his lips as neatly as we see our gallant Courtiers do Which same dexterity he would observe when he went to bed As bowing his head upon the pillow and handsomly covering his body with the bed-cloaths and would hide himselfe just as if some Gentleman had laine there Morever King Sambasensis upon a time told a Kinsman of our Author Samuel Blomart Satyrs and their supposed originall that these Satyrs especially the Males in the Island of Bornaeum are of such courage and strength that they have done violence to armed men much more unto an
impotent Sex of women and children whereof they being extremely in love withall have stolne away and ravisht For they are earnestly prone unto venery which is common to them with the Satyrs of other ancient writers Yea sometimes so saucy and leacherous that the Indian women do therfore shun those Launes and Forrests worse than a Dog or Serpent wherein these lascivious Creatures do lurke and inhabit All which things are for a very truth related of this Satyr Which makes me remember the conceit of a certaine Historian who describing the deformed aspects of a Nation If you beheld saith he their ugly visages you would thinke that they had no other Sires than the Apes and Baboons of the neighbouring Woods Vnlesse the frequent beholding of these unlucky things should by impregnating the imagination of teeming women produce such a similitude as it happened to a Noble man whom Salmuthus speakes of Salmuthus observ med cent 2. who kept an Ape which for sport-sake went round about the Table his wife being great with child playing very often with it afterwards at her delivery she brought forth an Infant from the girdle upwards an Ape to wit as far as he could be seen dancing above the Table but below a man a miserable spectacle and the more miserable that this horrid monster was to be suckled This Relation of Tulpius shews this Creature to have been a kind of Ginney Drill for it answers very directly the Effigies of that Ginney Drill Ginney Drils of what Tribe which this Michaelmas Terme 1652. I saw neare Charing Crosse the haire of whose head which was black grew very like the haire of a child it was a compleat Female too not above eleven months old and yet it seemed to me to answer the Dimensions which Tulpius gives of his Angola Satyr The Keeper of it affirmes it will grow up to the stature of five foot which is the ordinary size of little men He would go upright and drinke after the same manner Her Keeper intended never to cut her haire but to let it grow in full length like a womans in case she should dye her carkasse was bespoke for Dissection by some Anatomists who perchance have a Curiosity to search out what capacity of Organs this Rational Bruit had for the reception of a reasonable soule or at least of such a delitescent reason which Drill is since dead and I beleeve dissected but of the Dissectors and their observations I have not received any intelligence Of which monster I may say what Jordanus saies of the aforesaid Orang Outang or Tulpius his wild man that it proceeded from the wicked copulation of man and beast the Devill Cooperating and Divine revenge without all doubt ensuing thereupon of the same Tribe and Originall were those two children which the Portugall woman bore to the Great Ape Castannida in Annal. Lusitaniae when she was exposed into a desert Island inhabited only by such Apes a story well known in Portugall and is worth the reading in Delrio And indeed they very much resemble them in the Face especially in the Nose which is very flat and Camoyse with repanded Nostrils an Ape being called Simia Which kind of Ape is most like man not from imitation as some unskilfull Grammarians suppose but a simitate from this simity of a saddle-like Nose and it is the opinion of Scaliger that these kind of Apes who have no Tailes approach neerer to the similitude of man than those that have Tailes although they be almost men both in manners and understanding which he confesseth he had often wondred at In Ginney and Binney there are innumerable store of these rational Bruits and where they are they go in heards and companies but are of two Societies The Monkeys alwaies keepe by themselves and great and little as they are only of that kind consort together and even in Islands that lie within the River they are as frequent as on the Maine which condemnes the report is of them that they cannot swim and being in the water will drown presently for in my own knowledge I can affirme that having bought a Monkey of the Country people who use to bring them unto us and sell them for poore things being got loose in my boat that rid in the middle of the River he leapt into the water to swim on shore and being pursued by one of our men who swam after he did dive under water diverse and sundry times before he could recover him But to speake of the Baboone * Which I take to be the Drill and is without a Taile I must say it is a wonderfull thing to observe a kind of Commonwealth that is amongst them they have none but their own kind together and are in Heards of three or foure thousand in a Company as they travell they go in ranke whereof the Leaders are certain of the bigger sort Baboones and Monkies and there is as great and large of them as a Lion the smaller following and ever now and then as a Commander a great one walkes the Females carry their young under their bellies except she have two and then one under and the other above In the reare comes up a great company of the biggest sort as a guard against any pursuing enemy and in this manner do they march along they are very bold and as we passe in the River when we come neare their Troopes they will get up into the Trees and stand in gaze upon us and in a kind of collerick humour the great ones will shake the trees and with their hands clatter the boughs in that fashion as it doth exceed the strength of a man to do the like barking and making a noise at us as if they were much offended and in this manner many times they will follow us along and in the night time where we ride at an anchor take up their stands or lodgings on the mountaine tops or on the Trees that are above us where we heare their government for many times in the night you shall heare such a noise of many of their voices together when instantly one great voice exalts it selfe and presently all are hush and the noise is dasht so as we were wont to say Master Constable speakes likewise when we are ashore and meet with these Troupes on a sudden the great ones will come forward and seeme to grin in our faces but offer up a gun and away they pack One of our people one day as we came neare the shore in our boat and a troope of these shavers being gazing on us made a shot and kill'd one of them When Apes began to grow like men which before the boat could get on shore the others had taken up betwixt them and carried quite away but we have killed of them which the Country people do much desire and will eate of very heartily wherein I hope never to take their part And lastly let me tell you that
of which kind there be many in those parts of Guiana but is supposed to proceed from some infirmity of body Among other wild men the Cinnaminians are to be admired for their prolix beards Aldrovandus and the hairinesse of their whole bodies the women also being all over hairy These Relations make me wonder at the opinion of Platerus Platerus in Deformatione observ lib. 3. who denies that there are any wild men to be found all over hairy except the tip of their nose their knees and the palmes of the hand and feet as they are usually painted and conceived of by the Vulgar which that it is false we may hence saith he collect that Cosmographers who have described the whole world make no where mention of them when yet notwithstanding they have not omitted the wildest people the Amazons Canibals and Americans and others which go naked The cause of pilosity and yet are not hairy and those haires that naturally breake forth they pluck forth and eradicate It is observable and makes to our purpose that savage men are more hairy than those that are civill degenerating by their Bruitish kind of life into the nature and resemblance of beasts who are more hairy than men Besides the generall examples of all barbarous Nations we have a particular demonstration of this Bruitish Metamorphosis in the transformation of Nebuchadnezzer Dan. 4. and more lately in the storie of Iohn of Leiden mentioned by Sir K. Digby in his Treatise of the soule The cause of the natural smoothness in men is not as my L. Bacon noteth any abundance of heat and moisture Lord Bacons nat hist cent 7. exp 680. though that indeed causeth pilosity but there is requisite to pilosity not so much heat and moisture as excrementitious heat moisture for whatsoever assimilateth goeth not into the haire and excrementitious moisture aboundeth most in Beasts and Men that are more savage The head indeed of man hath haire upon the first birth which no other part of the body hath The cause may be want of perspiration for much of the matter of haire in the other parts of the body goeth forth by insensible perspiration And besides the Skull being of a more solid substance nourisheth and assimilateth lesse and excerneth more and so likewise doth the Chin we see also that haire commeth not upon the Palmes of the Hands nor Soles of the Feet which are parts more perspirable And Children likewise are not hairy for that their skins are more perspirable Many have been born abounding with shagged haire almost like unto water-Spaniels Men borne with shagged haire like a water Spaniel we read first of Esau that he was the first of this Tribe Gen. cap. 27. Majolus in Colloquiis and Majolus recites a story that in the Town of Pisa named Petrosancta there was borne of a smooth woman a Virgin covered all over with long haire whose image Aldrovandus hath exhibited the cause of which effect Authors refer to the Picture of St Iohn Baptist painted after the usuall manner cloathed in Camels haire whose image hanging in her Chamber the mother had wishtly beheld All rugged with haire having pawes like a Beare was that Infant which was borne 1282. Lycosthenes of an illustrious Matron Martin the fourth being then Pope of Rome by whose command all the Pictures of Beares which were found in that Ladies house were blotted out and defaced a manifest argument of the received imagination of the Effigies of the Beares in Conception Peucerus Peucerus seemes to confirme this production by another such like case declaring that Anno 1549. he saw a Child covered over with a Beares skin Moreover Columbus confesseth Columbus that he saw a certaine Spaniard beset with long haires in all parts of his body except his hands and Face Julius Caesar Scaliger Scaliger remembers a certaine little Spaniard covered with white haires which he reports to have been brought out of India or to have been borne of Indian Parents in Spaine Also Henry the second Boscius King of France at Paris caused a young man who was no lesse hairy than a Dog to be instructed and bred up a Scholler And of late in the Pallace of the Duke of Parma there were hairy men kept Nations that wind their bones like Sinews who were brought from other parts to wit as I conceive Platerus in D format obser lib. 3. from France for Platerus who denieth that there beany hairy Nations yet alloweth that there are many of both Sexes more hairy than others confesseth that he saw at Brasil Anno 1583. being then to be transported into Italy the Children of this hairy man begotten of a smooth woman to wit a boy of nine yeares and a girle of seven yeares old who together with their mother had been sent into Flanders to the Duke of Parma Purch Pilgr 1. lib. 1. Jo. Bohem. de rit gent. lib. 3. Geor. Draud com in Solin Magin in Geog. Indiae orient Maffaeus hist ind lib. 1. In the Island of Iamuli the Inhabitants who exceed us foure Cubits in stature and the holes of whose eares are much wider than ours winde their bones this way and that way as they please like sinewes so do the Nairoes also Maginus and Maffaeus both say that after their seventh yeare they are prepared to an incredible agility and dexterity by often annointing their whole body with the oyle Sesamum whereby their nerves and bones are so suppled and relaxed that they can easily winde and turne their bodie and at pleasure bow it to what part they please afterwards they accustome themselves with all care and diligence in corporall exercises and learne nimbly to handle their Armes The Author of the descript of Nova Francia lib. 2. cap. 10. And the Author of the description of Nova Francia saies that these Nobles and Warriours of the Malabars the Nairoes to make themselves such they help Nature and their sinewes are stretched out even from seven yeares of Age which afterwards are anointed and 〈◊〉 â—â—th the oile of Sesamum which make◠〈…〉 well their bodies at will that they seeme to have no bones Art used to make maids fat Schenckius thinkes without doubt they have nervous bones Schenck obser de cap. 355. Yet they who should see our Funambuli and Tumblers who have been brought up from their youth to their feats of activity would think as much of them whom we have seen to twist and winde their bodies very strangely as if they had no bones The Mangones Hier. Merc. de decoratione 14. Galen Method cap. 16. that they might make their bodies more fat for sale were wont to whip their buttocks and loines with rods and so by degrees make them more fleshy which is noted by Galen as no contemptible stratagem to attract the nourishment to the outward parts And there be nations out of the Tropicks who by exercise and
of God to raise up his own off-spring In the schoole of Nature we are taught the contrary viz. that like begets like wherefore of a Devill man cannot be borne Yet it is not denied but that Devils transforming themselves into humane shapes may abuse both men and women and with wicked people use the workes of nature Yet that any such conjunction can bring forth a humane Creature is contrary to Nature and Religion But although by a naturall way of generation the Devill cannot propagate the wicked as well as he can spiritually promote and encrease wickednesse and monsters yet monsters may be produced by Art magique and Creatures made double membred or dismembred and the viler the Creature the sooner brought to monstrous deformity which in more noble Creatures is more hardly brought to passe and consequently most difficult to be imposed on man the noblest Creature yet I believe the Devill hath attempted and furthered the production of such reall monstrosities as for the conclusions and wonderfull experiments of naturall Magique which are done only in appearance Vide Jo. Bapt. Neopolitan Mag. Nat. Scot in his discovery of Witchcraft l. 13 c. 18. they are very many To set an Horses or Asses head on a mans neck and shoulders cut off the head of a horse or an Asse before they be dead otherwise the virtue or strength thereof will be lesse effectuall and make an earthen vessell of fit capacity to containe the same Why the Amazons did lame their Male children and let it be filled with the oyle and fat thereof cover it close and daube it over with lome let it boile over a soft fire three daies continually that the flesh boyled may run into oyle so as the bare bones may be seen beat the haire into powder and mingle the same with the oyle and annoint the heads of the standers by and they shall seeme to have horses or asses heads If beasts heads be annointed with the like oyle made of a mans head they shall seeme to have mens faces as divers Authors soberly affirme If a Lamp be annointed therewith every thing shall seeme most monstrous It is also written that if that which is called Sperma in any beast be burned and any bodies face therewithall annointed he shall seeme to have the like face as the beast had But if you beat Arsenick very fine and boile it with a little Sulphur in a covered pot and kindle it with a new candle the standers by will seeme to be headlesse Aqua Composita and salt being fired in the night and all other lights extinguished make the standers by seeme as dead They therefore who upon this Question whether Devils can generate defend the Negative are most to be credited The Amazons were wont to lame their Children and to abuse them to carnall copulation supposing to have made them more fit for that imployment by mutilation It is true that they had an intent withall in that feminine Common-wealth of theirs to avoid the Domination of men to lame them thus in their Infancy both in their armes legs and other limbs An Art pretending to new-make a man that might any way advantage their strength over them and made only that use of them that we in our world make of women Some have taken upon them an Art which pretends to new make a man decayed by age their way is to cut a man in peeces and then put him into a putrifactory vessell which they report the Marquesse of Villena resolved to practise upon himselfe But Campanella dares not trust so great a worke to an Artificiall vessell and to spirits gotten by putrifaction and indeed saith he in men thus slaine the order of things seeme to stand against it not enduring a regress from a privation to a habit and the fable of the re-creation of old Father Jason in Ovid is as vaine Yet although Art failes in performance Nature as saith the Refuter of vulgar Errours works wonders in this kind making old men to become young againe there being many examples of this Renovation Delrio disq mag l. 2. Delrio sheweth out of Torquenda that in the yeare 1511 an old man at Tarentum of an hundred yeares old having lost his strength haire nailes and colour of his skin recovered all againe and became so young and lusty that he lived fifty yeares after Another example he brings of a Castilian who suffered the same change and of an old Abbatesse in Valentia who being decrepid suddenly became young her rugged skin grew smooth her gray haires became black and new teeth in her head Maffaeus hist Ind. lib. 1. Maffaeus speakes of a certaine Indian Prince who lived 340 yeares in which space his youth was three times renewed Ambrose Parry speakes of a woman Mans Metamorphosis Ambr. Parry lib. 24. 17. Lang. Epist med 79. Petr. Mart. Decad. 11. l. 10. Gaudent Merrula lib. 1 memorab who being eighty yeares old lost her haire and teeth which grew againe Besides Cardan Langius speakes of a well in an Island called Bonica the waters of which being dranke changes Age into Youth Concerning the Metamorphosis of man transmigrating into the shape of Wolves Asses or other Creatures many hold it not impossible and that it may happen by a naturall reason infinite authorities and examples are brought to confirme these kinds of Transmutations As for the Transformation of Apuleius St Augustine dares neither deny it nor affirme it he thinks and judgeth it indeed to be a fascination which Lycanthopie is not against the Tenents of Divines who for the most part teach that all things were created of God insomuch that not the evill spirits indeed can change their forme since not the essentiall forme of man that is reason but the figure only is changed for if we will confesse that men have a a faculty to make a Cherry-tree bring forth Roses and a Colewort Apples if he can turne Iron into Steele Silver into Gold and can make a thousand artificiall formes of stones that shall vie lustre and beauty with naturall Gems Shall it seeme wonderfull that Satan to whom God hath granted a very great power in the elementary world should commute or change the figure of one body with another All which things are confirmed by Aquinas where he saies Aquin. Sentent l. 2. dist 7. art 5. All good and evill Angels out of a naturall virtue have a power of Transmuting our bodies As for those things that Magicians do for fascination they are but momentany Whether men can be transformed into beasts but the Transformation of man into a bruit Animal doth sometimes last seven yeares as Nebuchadnezars did to which Bodinus addes the actions and labour of an Asse which three men cannot undergo the magnitude incesse eating of grasse and thistles which cannot agree with the humane body moreover the swifnesse and other properties of Wolves which agree not with the nature of man Neither hath that