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A07363 The generall historie of Spaine containing all the memorable things that haue past in the realmes of Castille, Leon, Nauarre, Arragon, Portugall, Granado, &c. and by what meanes they were vnited, and so continue vnder Philip the third, King of Spaine, now raigning; written in French by Levvis de Mayerne Turquet, vnto the yeare 1583: translated into English, and continued vnto these times by Edvvard Grimeston, Esquire.; Histoire generale d'Espagne. English Mayerne, Louis Turquet de, d. 1618.; Grimeston, Edward. 1612 (1612) STC 17747; ESTC S114485 2,414,018 1,530

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neighbours They haue timber to serue them as well for the building of houses as for shipping whereof they haue great store And who can denie that in Nauarre Asturia and Gallicia there are goodly and fruitfull vallies Fertilitie of the country betwixt Duero and Mimo Can wee desire a countrey more abounding in all good things than that which is betwixt the riuers of Duero and Minio at this time belonging vnto the Realme of Portugall the which being scarce a day and a halfs journey in length and much lesse in breadth hath an Archbishopricke which is that of Braga Porto Gallego a bishopricke and containes in it aboue one thousand and foure hundred parishes fiue hundred Colledges of Canons and one hundred and thirtie Conuents it hath six ports of the sea aboue two hundred bridges of stone and two thousand and fiue hundred fountaines But who doth not admire the Genets of Spaine The horses of Spaine which I had almost forgotten their beautie swiftnesse and easinesse to breake especially of those of Andalusia which drinke of the water of Guadalquibir whereby according to the Spaniards opinion they are made more nimble and swift Of this race was the horse which Iulius Caesar esteemed so much as when hee was dead hee caused his image to be set vp in Venus Temple at Rome Of them and of the Lusitanians their neighbours Mares conce●uing by the wind the auntients would make vs beleeue that they were conceiued by the winds which the mares did receiue when they were desirous of the horse blowing from the West namely from the places where the horses feed the which some thinke not impossible Of all these things no man that hath any knowledge of the world can doubt And if any one would object That Spaine cannot bee so fertile as wee make it for that they are supplied with corne from Fraunce England Sicile and Germanie and that they carrie great store of linnen cloth and other merchandise out of Brittaine Normandie Flanders Holland and elsewhere without the which the Spaniards must of necessitie perish Let him consider the great regions discouered by the Spaniards within these hundred and twentie yeares what great fleets Spaine hath continually entertained rigged and victualed as well for the East as Westerne voiages and what need they haue to furnish those countries whith such things as they borrow whereof without doubt they should haue sufficient for themselues but not to furnish a new world the which doth also wast their men daily to people these discouered countries The nature of the Spaniards And withall let him adde the haughtie and couetous disposition of the Spanish nation who doe willingly leaue their labour to goe vnto the mynes or to goe to the warres and neuer follow any worke but when they are forced by necessities 15 Hauing hitherto discoursed of the situation and fertilitie of Spaine The manners of the Spaniards let vs speake something of the manners and kind of life which the Spaniards haue from time to time obserued that being entred into our discourse wee may not bee interrupted therewith When as the Carthaginians came into Spaine and long after the Romanes had got some footing there were few walled townes in the countrey but many great burroughes and villages The most ciuile were they of the Betique prouince and the worst souldiours of them all giuing themselues to trade of merchandise by sea and somewhat to letters and in a maner like vnto those that liue vpon the coast of the Mediterranean sea But as for the rest they were all rustick and barbarous The qualities of the mountaine Spaniards namely the Mountainers and aboue all the Gallicians Asturians and Cantabrians whose ordinarie trade was to rob and steale contemning labour vntill that the Romanes taught them to liue more ciuilly and peaceably ruining their forts and retreats They were traitors spies and readie vpon all occasions to steale They carried targuets two foot long a dagger at their sides clothed in a doublet of linnen cloth stifned and quilted Armes of the antient Spaniards and these were their armes For there were no cuirasses nor head-peeces among them but on their heads they carried high hats made of sinewes and on their legges boots of haire and in their hands many darts some of them carried jauelins whereof the heads were of copper They wore long haire like women Their exercises were fencing and running both on foot and horsebacke and their combates by troupes They loued libertie aboue all things Libertie deere to the Spaniards which made the Romanes to see many examples of crueltie euen in the weakest sex for there were many mothers among the Cantabrians which slue their own children many daughters who for the like cause murthered their parents so deere libertie was vnto this nation to maintaine the which and fearing they might be forced in any thing they did vsually carrie poyson about them and if they were surprised and made slaues they sought by some notable villanie to giue their masters occasion to kill them It was often seene that when they were tyed to the crosse to be executed they did sing for joy of their approaching death but some haue shewed this resolution vpon good and commendable occasions as to conceal the secrets of their masters and friends or after they had reuenged their death or the wrong which had beene done them Their religion was infamous The Spaniards religion infamous for they sacrificed humane creatures vnto their gods euen their prisoners cutting off their right hands to offer them vp Their Priests and Diuines tooke their conjectures from the intrals both of men and beasts but aboue all they tooke their diuination from their countenances when as they receiued the deadly blow and fell to the ground As for their manner of liuing The Spaniards liuing simple and rude it was simple and rude they dranke water lay vpon the ground and did eat the flesh of goats which they did sacrifice vnto Mars they made cakes of dried acornes the which they did eat warme They did willingly banquet with their parents and had tables and seats of stone against the wall where they did appoint the most honourable places according to their ages and dignities They had no vse of siluer coined but did exchange ware for ware They had a beastly and filthie manner of washing and perfuming themselues with vrine which had stood long stinking with the which both men and women did rub their bodies and faces yea euen their teeth imagining that it was a preseruatiue against many infirmities the which is not disallowed by the Physitians This filthie obseruation was common then in Spaine among them all They did seuerely punish malefactors Their manner of iustice and especially parricides whom they did stone without their confines If any one were sicke they carried him into the highwayes and corners of the streets after the manner of the Aegyptians to take counsell and helpe