and because they come somewhat neare to the bonds and termes of blood and stocke which God hath set downe in his word Augustine in his 15. booke De ciuitate Dei chap. 16. saith to this purpose Experti autem sumus c. that is We haue found by experience that in regard of that neerenesse of blood which cousin-germans haue vnto the degrees of brothers and sisters how rarely custome hath admitted those mariages which were warrantable by lawes because the law of God hath not forbidden them nor as yet the law of man Neuerthelesse the practise lawfull in it selfe was forborne the rather because it came neare to that which was vnlawfull and therfore mariage with the cousin-german seemed in a manner to be marriage with a mans own brother or sister c. Howbeit there is no question but in these times it hath been well prouided by lawes that such mariages should not be vndertaken For as the multiplication of alliance is hindered thereby so this inconuenience also groweth from them that friendship and loue which is procured by affinitie betweene men that are strangers cannot be enlarged and encreased where men goe not out of the limits and termes of their owne blood Yea there is naturally in man a commendable measure of shamefastnesse whereby vpon consideration of nearenesse in bloâ—d hee acknowledgeth a due debt of modestie and honor to his next kindred and consequently estraineth himself in regard of them from he occasions and actions of concupiscence whereunto hee is inclinable in respect of others And hence it is that generally the modestie that ought to be in those which intend mariage auoideth as much as may be these and such like coniunctions The same is the iudgement of Ambrose in one of his Epistles to his friend Paternus wherin he disswadeth him froÌ„ marrying his sonne with his cousin-gâ—rman vpon the grounds before alledged by Augustine adding this withall that though it were in it selfe lawfull being no where forbidden by God yet in sundrie respects being inexpedient it ought not to bee done according to the saying of the Apostle All things are lawfull for me but all things are not expedient But it is auouched to the contrarie that God by expresse law forbiddeth mariage with the aunt the fathers sister Leuit. 18. 12. and with the mothers sister vers 13. and with the fathers brother wife which is also the aunt vers 14. therefore by the law of proportion â— forbiddeth matching with the childrâ—â— of these persons For in nature it is a ruled case If a man may not marrie thâ— mother much lesse may he marrie the daughter Answ. The argument is faultie and concludes nothing to the purpose For there is not the same reason of both In the right line of consanguinitie those which are sisters to father and mother stand in the place and stead of parents and their nephewes and neeces are to them as children therefore mariages among them can stand by no law either of God of nature or by the positiue lawes of nations It is not so with cousin germans For hauing no such relation there is not in their mariages by the law of Moses any discouerie of shame or breach of ciuil honestie The blessing of God vpon some of them mentioned in Scripture as vpon Iacob and Rahel and such like doe euidently shew that they were lawfull in themselues and pleasing vnto him And thus much touching kindred by blood or consanguinitie Kindred in affinitie is that whereby the termes of two kindreds are brought into the societie of one and the same familie or whereby persons that are not of blood are by marriage allied each to other Hence it is termed affinitie because it maketh an vnitie of termes in kindred which before were distant Affinity or alliance groweth by mixtion or participation of blood in the coupling of man and wife together in lawfull mariage For a bare and simple contract maketh not alliance betweene partie and partie properly but mariage after the contract finished and consummate Againe the same alliance ceaseth and determineth vpon the death of either partie espoused or maried yet so as the prohibition of coniunction remaines and stands in force for the preseruation of publike honestie Now there is a kind of resemblance and proportion betweene kindred of blood and kindred by mariage not only in regard of degrees and line but also in respect of the prohibition of degrees Those that are of alliance are commonly reduced to these heads I. The father in law or the husbands or wiues father The mother in law or the husbands or wiues mother II. The mothers husband or step father to them that come by another man The fathers wife or step-mother to those that come by another woman III. The wiues fathers father or grand-father and the wiues mothers mother or grand-mother or the grand-father and grand-mother of the wife IV. The sonne in law or daughters husband and the daughter in law or sons wife V. The neeces husband the nephewes wife VI. The step-son or son in law that is the son of a man by another wife or of a woman by another husband The step-daughter or daughter in law that is the daughter of a man by another wife or of a woman by another husband VII The step-sons son or his son who comes of a man by another woman or of a woman by another maÌ„ And the step-daughters daughter or her daughter who comes of a man by another woman or of the woman by another husband VIII The husbaÌ„ds or wiues brother the husbaÌ„ds sister or brothers wife IX The sisters husband and the brothers wife Concerning affinitie I propound these rules I. Looke in what degree a man is of consanguinity to ones wife in the same degree of affinitie hee is to the wiues husbaÌ„d And coÌ„trariwise for example Isaac Esau. Iacob Ioseph Ioseph Samuel Aaron Eli. Maria. Leui. Heere if Marâ—e Iosephs wife be distant from Esau Iosephs vncle by the fathers side two degrees then also is Ioseph himself distant from Aaron the brother of Eli his father in law two degrees If Marie the wife be distant from her own father Eli one degree and from her grand-father Samuel two then also is her husband distant from Eli his father in law one degree and from Samuel his wiues grand-father two Another example Herod Herod Philip whose wife is Herodias Heere Herod being in the first degree of consanguinitie with his brother Philip Herodias his brothers wife is in the first degree of affinitie to him II. Rule Cousins by mariage within the degrees both of the right and collaterall line doe come neere to the kindred of their flesh in the same manner that cousins by bloud doe in the same lines and the like degrees in both are forbidden Therefore in the right line of affinitie it is as well vnlawful for the father in law to marrie the daughter in law or the sonne in law to marry the mother in law
I pray thee one of the yong men and one of the asses for I will haste to the man of God and come againe Againe that shee is to follow her husband when hee flitteth or departeth from place to place vnlesse hee forsake either her or Christ. To this purpose Paul saith hee had power to lead about a wife being a sister as well as the rest of the Apostles 1. Cor. 9. 5. Thus Sarah went with Abraham into Egypt Gen. 12. 11. and out of Egypt Gen. 13. 1. and to Gerar to soiourne there Gen. 20. 1. 2. 3. Thus the wiues of Iacob departed with him from their father Laban Gen. 31. 17. Contrary to these duties are the sins of wiues To be proud to be vnwilling to beare the authority of their husbāds to chide and braule with bitternes to forsake their houses c. Prou. 27. 15. A continuall dropping in the day of raine and a contentious woman are alike vers 16. He that hideth her hideth the winde she is as the oyle in his right hand that vttereth it selfe Exod. 4. 26. Then Zipporah said O bloodie husband because of the Circumcision It was the fault of the Leuites Concubine Iudg. 19. 2. Who played the whore and went away from him vnto her fathers house to Bethlem Iudah and there continued the space of foure moneths It was the sinne of Queene Vashi who refused to come at the Kings word which he had giuen in charge to the Eunuches therefore the King was verie angrie and his warth kindled in him Ester 1. 12. Lastly to be a cause of griefe to their kindred Thus the proud wiues of Esau the daughters of the Hittites were a griefe of mind to Isaak and Rebekah Gen. 26. 35. 27. 46. CHAP. 13. Of the Parent HItherto hath been treated of the first Couple whereof the family cōsisteth namely of married folkes Now follow the other and they are of two sorts either such as whereby the familie is increased and multiplied or such as are helpes thereunto Those whereby the familie is inlarged are also of two sorts Parents and Children Parents are they which haue power and authoritie ouer children The duties of parents are especially two One to bring vp their children The other to bestow them when they haue brought them vp Touching Education or bringing vp of children the parents care must bee both that they may liue and also that they may liue well Ephes. 6. 4. Touching the preseruation of the life of the child there are many duties required of the Parents specially foure First the mother is her selfe to giue the infant sucke and to wrap it vp in swadling clothes Paul cōmends it for a note of a good wife to nurse her owne children 1. Tim. 5. 10. Thus Sarah gaue sucke to Isaak Gen. 21. 7. Anna nursed Samuel 1. Sam. 1. 22. Dauid in likelihood was nursed by his mother Psal. 22. 9. Thou gauest me hope euen at my mothers breasts And our Sauiour Christ was also nursed by Marie his mother Luk. 11. 27. and swadled Luk. 2. 7. Now the reason hereof is plaine God hath giuen milke to women that beare children hath so appointed that no meat is more naturall to the child then the mothers milke And nature it selfe teacheth this in the course of other creatures The earth nourisheth that which it bringeth forth The fruit which the tree beareth is fed by the sap that comes from the root therof Yea amongst the bruit beasts euen those that be most sauage as the Tigres do giue sucke vnto the yong ones which they bring forth Yet in case of want of health or abilitie or any other iust impediment the mother may in equity beforborne and the child committed vnto a nurse And so we reade that Rebekah the daughter of Bethuel and afterward the wife of Isaak had a nurse Genes 24. 59. whose name was Deborah Gen. 35. 8. And Pharaohs daughter in a case of necessitie committed Moses to be nursed of an Hebrew woman whom she tooke not to be his mother but a stranger and her fact was allowed by God Exod. 2. 7. 9. The second dutie of the Parent is to prouide for his child meate drinke and clothing Our Sauiour Christ saith that Parents euen by the light of nature though they be euill will not denie or withhold necessarie food from their children Mat. 7. 9. 10. What man is there among you that if his son aske him bread will giue him a stone or if he aske a fish will giue him a scorpion And Paul saith If there be any that prouideth not for his owne and namely for them of his houshold hee denieth the faith and is worse then an Infidell 1. Tim. 5. 8. The third dutie is when God giueth abilitie meanes to lay vp some thing for the future maintenance of the child 2. Cor. 12. 14. for the children ought not to lay vp for the fathers but the fathers for the children Prou. 19. 14. House and riches are the inheritance of the fathers The fourth is to obserue both the inclination and the naturall gifts of bodie and mind that are in the child and accordingly to bestow it in some honest calling course of life Prou. 20. 11. A child is knowne by his actions whether his worke be pure and right In the Ecclesiasticall historie written by Ruffinus it is recorded that Alexander Bishop of Alexandria saw a far off in a place neare to the sea a companie of children playing together and in their play imitating himselfe in sundrie Ministeriall actions And whē he had a while viewed them he perceiued that they examined baptised one another according to the solemne order vsed in y ◠Cōgregation which thing whē he had made some of his Clergie acquainted withall and taken order that the children should be sent for and brought before him he demanded of them what sport they vsed and in what manner they played one with another The children at first for feare denied what they had done yet vpon further examination they confessed that they had made Athanasius who afterward became Bishop of the place their Bishop and that hee instructed and baptised sundrie of their companie He further asked both Athanasius himselfe and those which were said to haue been baptised what questions he asked them and what answeres they gaue and perceiuing by their speeches that they had framed themselues though in sporting maner to the Church-proceedings in those actions vpon conference had with his Clergie hee determined that those which had first been asked and had giuen answere fully according to the forme vsed in that Church and thereupon baptised should not be rebaptised And for Athanasius and the other children which had done the part of Ministers in their kind he sent for their parents and gaue them great charge that they should be brought vp in learning and religion that so they might in time be fit for the publike Ministerie The like course we reade to haue
side or great grand-fathers brother and the great aunt by the fathers side or great grand-fathers sister The great vncle by the mothers side or the great grand-mothers brother and the great aunt by the mothers side or the great grand-mothers sister IV. The great grand-vncle by the fathers side or great grand-fathers fathers brother and the great grand-aunt by the same side or the great grand-fathers fathers sister The great grand-vncle by the mothers side or great grand-mothers mothers brother and the great grand-aunt by the same side or the great graÌ„d-mothers mothers sister Now these in regard of their inferiours are in stead of parents and therefore do come neare to the kindred of their flesh Those superiours which are of kindred to parents on the one side a farre off are these I. The sonne and daughter of the great vncle or aunt by the fathers side or of the great vncle or aunt by the mothers side II. The nephew and neece of the great vncle or aunt by the fathers side or of the great vncle or aunt by the mothers side neare to the cozin germane And these as they stand in comparison with their inferiours doe not come neare to the kindred of their flesh The equall collaterall line is that whereby kinsmen are equally distant from their head Kinsmen of this line are I. whole brothers that is brothers by the same father and mother or halfe brothers that is brethren by the same father but not by the same mother Againe whole sisters by the same father or mother or halfe sisters by one of them and not by both II. The brothers children or cousin germans that is the vncles sons or daughters or the aunts sonnes or daughters The sisters children or cousin germans that is the aunts sonnes or daughters which are the children of two sisters III. The cousin german the son of the great vncle by the fathers or mothers side and the cousin german the son of the great aunt by the fathers or mothers side The cousin-german the daughter of the great vncle by the fathers or mothers side and the cousin german the daughter of the great aunt by the same sides In this line looke how many degrees the partie in question is remoued from the common stocke by so many twice-told is he remoued from his kinsman in question Put the case betweene Bethuel and Isaac as in this example Thare Abraham Isaac Nachor Bethuel Heere Bethuel being two degrees remoued from Thare is foure degrees distant from Isaac Now he that is in the second degree of this line comes neare to the kindred of his flesh and for that cause the mariages of brethren and sisters are vnlawfull and forbidden But against this sundrie things are alledged Obiect 1. The sons of Adam who were the first brethren in the world married their sisters marriages therefore in this degree may seeme to bee lawfull Answ. The case of those persons in those times was a case of necessitie which could not be auoided and therupon was warranted by diuine dispensation For God had giuen them his owne expresse commandement in this behalfe Beare fruits and multiplie Gen. 1. 28. Besides that there were then no other women in the world by whom they might haue issue and posteritie but only by their sisters Whereupon it is manifest that Gods will was to permit them to take euen their sisters to their wiues But now out of this speciall dispensation from God such matching is vtterly vnlawfull being an apparent breach of another expresse commandement giuen afterward by God himselfe Leuit. 18. 9. 11. To this purpose saith Augustine in way of answere to the example propounded The practise of those first times then backed by vrgent ne-nessitie the more ancient it was the more damnable it proued afterward when it was restrained by Gods commandement Obiect 2. Sarah was Abrahams sister and yet Abraham tooke her to wife Gen. 20. 12. Yet in very deed she is my sister for she is the daughter of my father but not the daughter of my mother and shee is my wife Gen. 11. 29. Abraham and Nahor tooke them wiues and the name of Abrahams wife was Sarah Answ. Touching this instance there are sundrie opinions The Iewes doe grant thus much that she was called by a name common to all kinsfolke of that sexe to wit a Sister yet indeed shee was Abrahams neece the sister of Lot and the daughter of Haran Abrahams brother which Moses elsewhere calleth Iischa Genes 11. 29. Others thinke that shee was daughter in law to Thare Abrahams father because Abraham himselfe saith She is the daughter of my father not of my mother Others are of opinion that she was Harans daughter in law and after his death was translated into the family of Terah her grand-father who was also in steâ—d of her father being dead and thence shee was termed his daughter Now howsoeuer in this varietie of iudgements it is hard to find certaintie of truth yet this is out of doubt that God in those daies tolerated many things which notwithstanding he did not altogether approue Obiect 3. 2. Sam. 13. 13. Thamar saies to her brother Amnon Speake I pray thee to the King and he will not denie mee vnto thee Ans. The speech of Thamar is not simplie to be taken as if she desired that which she said or as if it were lawfull to be done which she wished him to do but only that she sought to put him off by giuing him this counsell in respect of her owne deliuerance from that present danger wherein shee was Or at least it way be said that she erroniously supposed it was lawfull for the King to grant such a sute if it had bin made vnto him by her brother Amnon Whether way soeuer this speech bee taken there can no such thing bee gathered thence as is pretended Now out of the second degree of the equal collateral line it should seeme that those who are ioyned one to another in mariage do not touch the kindred of their flesh and therefore the law of God forbiddeth not coÌ„sobrines or cousin-germans that is brothers and sisters children to marrie Yea if examples be of force for this purpose the Scripture approueth such mariages For thus it is written that Iacob married Rahel the daughter of Laban his mothers brother Genes 28. 2. Againe that Mahlah Tirzah and Hoglah Milcah and Noah the daughters of Zelophehad were married vnto their fathers brothers sonnes Numb 36. 11. And Othniel the sonne of Kenaz the cousin of Caleb tooke Kiriath-sepher and hee gaue him Acsah his daughter to wife Ios. 15. 17. Howbeit in this case the rule of the Apostle is to be followed That nothing be done euen in things that are otherwise lawfull whereby a mans brother may stumble or bee offended or made weake Rom. 14. 21. Wherefore it is conuenient that such mariages should not be because sometimes they may giue offence in regard of the law of the Magistrate
as it is for the father to marrie the daughter or the sonne the mother Againe in the collaterall it is as vnlawful for the vncle by the mothers side to marrie the wife of his sisters son and so in other degrees as it is for him to match in the same degrees of cōsanguinitie The reason is because in these lines as well as in those of consanguinitie superiours and inferiours are each to other as parents and children From hence amongst other things it may bee gathered that it is in no sort lawful for a man when his wife is dead to marrie her sister Leuit. 18. 16. Thou shalt not discouer the shame of thy brothers wife for it is thy brothers shame And Leuit 20. 21. The man that taketh his brothers wife committeth filthines because he hath vncouered his brothers shame Against this doctrine it is obiected First that God commandeth not to take a wife with her sister during her life Leuit. 18. 18. in which place hee doth not simplie forbid a man to marry two sisters one after another but to marrie them both together and therefore after the wife is dead a man may marrie her sister Ans. The place is a flat prohibition of the sin of Polygamie For to take a wife to her sister in the Hebrew phrase is nothing else but to take two wiues one to another The like forme of speech is vsed otherwhere by Moses as Exo. 26. 3. Fiue curtaines shall bee coupled together the woman to her sister that is one to another and the other fiue curtaines shall be coupled the woman to her sister that is the one to the other Ezech. 1. 9. The foure beasts were ioyned with their wings the woman to her sister that is the one to the other Againe Moses himselfe there alledgeth two reasons against Polygamie the one is because the man is to loue cherish and comfort this wife whereas if he should take vnto him another besides her he should greatly vex his first lawfull wife The other because by that meanes he should vncouer the shame of his wife that is he should play a very dishonest part with her to whom he was before lawfully married Obiect 2 The Lord commanded by a speciall law that the brother in case his brother died without issue should take his wife and raise vp seede vnto him Deut. 25. 5. Answ. The words of Moses are a speciall exception of a generall law propounded in Leuit. 18. 16. Thou shalt not discouer the shame of thy brothers wife for it is thy brothers shame And they are peculiarly directed to the Israelites vpon speciall cause that when the elder brother died without seed the name of the first borne might not be extinct but the familie might bee preserued in that name by raising vp of seed vnto him which being a priuiledge proper to the Israelites vpon that speciall consideration it must not bee enlarged to any other sort of men whatsoeuer Neither is the text to be vnderstood of cousins remoued only as some thinke but also of the next of the kindred by blood as appeareth plainly by the historie of Ruth chap. I. vers II. in these words of Naomi to her daughters in law Turne againe my daughters for what cause will you go with me Are there any moe sonnes in my wombe that they may bee your husbands Turne againe my daughters go your way for I am too old to haue a husband c. III. Rule The wiues kinsman by blood is of affinitie to her husband only but vnto his kindred by blood the said kinsman hath no affinitie at all So on the contrarie it is true that though the husbands kinsman by blood be allied to his wife yet he hath no alliance to those that are kinsmen of blood vnto her The reason is because betweene the kindred of blood on the mans side and the kindred of blood on the womans side there is no affinitie For the prohibition of the degrees of affinitie hath force in those only which are the cause thereof and goeth no further Now the cause being only in the married persons themselues the effect may not in reason be enlarged to them that are of the same blood with either of them From this rule it followeth that the kindred of both married persons by blood may lawfully match together The sonne in law may match with the daughter of his mother in law The father and the son by another wife may marrie the mother and the daughter Two brothers may lawfully match with two sisters IV. Rule Kindred of affinitie to the wife are also kindred of affinitie to her husband but how not properly but only after a sort and as it were of affinitie So on the contrarie Kindred of alliance to the husband are as it were of alliance to his wife For example The wife of my father in law which is not my wiues owne mother but her step-mother is as it were my mother in law for she is as it were of affinitie to me because she is indeed of affinitie to my wife Those which are of affinitie only after a sort cannot conueniently match one with another And therefore the sonne in law may not marrie with his wiues step-mother because being of affinitie to his wife shee is in stead of a mother in law to him Neither may the daughter in law match with her husbands step-father because hee is as it were a step-father to her Againe my sisters husband may not marry my brothers wife for they are after a sort brother and sister each to other The reason hereof is because the wife is holden in law a part of her husband and therfore if affinitie hinders mariage with one of the married couples it hindreth as well in the like case and respect mariage with the other And thus much touching the distance of blood which in the choice of persons fit for mariage is most necessarily to be obserued For in the 18. chapter of Leuiticus there are sixteene seuerall sorts of persons with whom mariage is forbidden The first is the mother The second is the step-mother The thid the sister by the same father and mother The fourth the half-sister by one of the parents only The fifth is the neece by the sonne The sixth the neece by the daughter The seuenth the fathers sister The eight the vncles that is the fathers brothers wife The ninth the mothers sister The tenth the daughter in law or sons wife The eleuenth the brothers wife The twelfth the wiues mother The thirteenth the step-daughter or the wiues daughter by another husbād or husbāds daughter by a former wife The fourteenth is the step-sonnes daughter that is his daughter who was the wiues sonne by another husbād The fifteenth the step-daughters daughter The sixteenth is the wiues sister And not only these but all other answerable to them either in the same or like degree are by equall proportion forbidden to be had in mariage It is alledged
required of necessitie but of honestie at least because the power and authoritie of the parent though it be not taken away yet it is lessened when it is either transferred to another person or in part resteth in the child alreadie bestowed Secondly by parents consent I vnderstand that which they giue not rashly vnaduisedlie or foolishlie but out of good wise consideration and vpon true and sound iudgement of the businesse in hand For otherwise as much as in them lieth they make the mariage void and of none effect And they are then thought to carrie a right iudgement of the thing when they be able to yeeld a iust cause of yeelding or denying their consent For example if a father denies to bestow his daughter Iulia vpon Sempronius because hee knowes him to be an Arrian a Pelagian or of any other sort of Heretikes he withholdeth his consent vpon a good ground he doth that which he doth of iudgement Yet further I adde that where the parents do dissent and can yeeld no probable cause thereof the mariage consummate without their consent ought to be confirmed and ratified by the authoritie of the Magistrate who is Pater patriae And this seemes to be the most equall course both for the auoiding of greater scandals for the preuenting of wrong that may otherwise be done in some particular case as to a woman that is defloured and reiected Thirdly consent of parents is either expressed or implied Expressed when it is giuen by words Implied when it is yeelded by silence For it standeth with most equitie and indifferencie to thinke that those parents do giue consent who do not by word expresly denie the same Fourthly children are either subiect to the authoritie of their parents in the familie or at their owne libertie out of their parents subiection Those that are at liberty are tied necessarily to subiection in respect of mariage but the other being still of the familie and vnder iurisdiction are bound to be ordered by their parents in the bestowing of themselues This is briefly the meaning of the question in hand Now for proofe of this point I will propound three sorts of arguments wherof some are drawne from the law of God some from the light of nature and some from the iudgement of the ancient Church For the first sort According to the law of God mariage is not only a ciuill and politike but also a diuine and spirituall coniunction the author and ordainer whereof vpon speciall cause was God himselfe This our Sauiour Christ witnesseth when he saith Those whom God hath ioyned together let no man separate Matth. 19. 6. That therefore mariages may be soundly ratified and confirmed the authoritie and power of God himselfe is necessarily to be interposed If it be asked How God that is in heauen should bring and ioyne together man and wife vpon the earth I answere that he doth it not immediately by himselfe as he brought Euah vnto Adam but in by some solemne and lawful meanes And this meane is that great and ancient power and prerogatiue of parēts And the law of God hath giuen them this power not in ciuill contracts and compositions alone but euen in the beginning and accomplishing of mariages Deut. 7. 3. Thou shalt not giue thy daughter vnto his sonne nor take his daughter vnto thy son Ierem. 29. 6. Take wiues for your sonnes and giue your daughters vnto husbands that they may beare sonnes and daughters 1. Cor. 7. 36. But if any man thinke that it is vncomlie for his virgin if shee passe the flower of her age and need so require let him doe what he will he sinneth not let them be maried Hence it was that Abraham by right of this authoritie gaue order what wife his seruant should prouide for his son Thou shalt not take a wife to my sonne of the daughters of the Canaanites But thou shalt go vnto my countrie and to my kindred and take a wife vnto my sonne Isaac Gen. 24. 3. 4. Sampson though he was inflamed with the loue of the womā in Timnath whom he saw to be beautifull in his eyes yet hee durst not take her to his wife till she was giuen him of his parents Iudg. 14. It was an expresse law of God that if a man intised a maid that was not betrothed and lay with her hee should endow her and take her to his wife But how marke in what manner the holy Ghost proceedeth If her father refuse to giue her to him he shall pay money according to the dowrie of virgins Exod. 22. 16. 17. Deut. 22. 28. 29. In which text Moses plainly teacheth that the consent of the two parties is not sufficient no not though they haue had societie together vnlesse they haue the free cōsent of their parents also In like maner it was ordained by God Numb 30. 4. 5. 6. That if a woman vowed a vow vnto the Lord being in her fathers house her father hearing it holdeth his peace concerning her that is approueth her vow by winking at it her vow shall stand But if her father disallow her that is giueth no approbation or consent vnto the vow made it shall be of no value and the Lord wil forgiue her because her father consented not Now if the vow of children made vnto God and pertaining to his worship cannot be ratified without the parents approbation of how much lesse force shall any priuate contract or mariage be without their allowance The second argument is taken from the light of nature and it is gathered by proportion on this manner A son priuilie alienateth and selleth away his fathers lands either in whole or in part The question is whether this alienation be good in law yea or no Answere is No. And why Because the land did not belong to the son but was part of his fathers substance In like manner a son alienates himselfe and is betrothed to a woman to marrie her without his parents knowledge Is this act of the son warrantable and sound By no meanes for the son in respect of his body is part of the fathers goods and may not be alienated from him without consent A notable reason hereof we find in Iob 1. For when God had giuen Satan power to destroy and spoile all Iobs goods and whatsoeuer he had the diuell doth not only touch the wealth of Iob but his children also as a part of his substance In this respect the Iewes were permitted by God to sell their children Exodus 21. 7. Againe for the accomplishment of mariage there must needs be a mutuall donation betweene the spouse and the espoused And what is that which is mutually giuen Surely their persons or rather their bodies each to other for so Paul saith 1. Cor. 7. 2. Let euery man haue his wife and let euery woman haue her owne husband But by whom is this donation to be made by sons and daughters that are in the familie
been taken by the Heathen for iudgement of the inclination and towardnesse of their children The Athenians made a law that before children were bestowed in any calling they should bee first brought into a publike place where Instruments belonging to all sorts of trades were laid and look in what kind of Instrument any of them tooke most delight the child was thought to bee most fit for the trade whereunto that Instrument belonged and afterward applied to the same with good successe Now the Parents first and principall care must be for the Church that those of their children which haue the most pregnant wit and be indued with the best gifts be consecrated vnto God and brought vp in the studie of the Scriptures to serue afterward in the Ministerie of the Church Thus Anna dedicated Samuel her son vnto God by vow 1. Sam. 1. 11. And shee vowed a vow and said O Lord of Hostes if thou wilt giue vnto thine handmaid a man-child theÌ„ I wil giue him vnto the Lord all the daies of his life And she did according to her vow and the Lord blessed Samuel her sonne who in processe of time became a great Prophet The next point of Education of children is to prouide that they may liue well and lead a godly life To this purpose Parents must do three things First they are to be carefull that the child so soone as may bee after it is borne bee admitted into the true Church of God by Baptisme and haue a fit name giuen vnto it Secondly they are to endeuour to sow the seeds of godlinesse and religion in the heart of the child so soone as it comes to the vse of reason and vnderstanding and as it growes in yeares so care must be had that it grow in knowledge and grace To this purpose is the vow and promise made in Baptisme which parents are bound to call vpon the child to remember when it comes to yeares It was the godly care of Timothies parents 2. Tim. 3. 14. But continue thou in the things which thou hast learned knowing of whom thou hast learned them vers 15. And that thou hast knowne the holy Scriptures of a child which are able to make thee wise vnto saluation through the faith which is in Christ Iesus This was the commandement of God to the parents of his people Deut. 6. 7. Thou shalt rehearse these words which I command thee continually to thy children and shalt talke of them wheÌ„ thou tarriest in the house And vers 20. When thy sonne shall aske thee in time to come saying What meane these Testimonies and Ordinances and Lawes which the Lord our God hath commanded you Then thou shalt say vnto thy sonne We were Pharaohs bondmen in Egypt c. This was obserued by the Israelites in the ages â—cceeding Psal. 44. 1. We haue heard with our eares O God our fathers haue told vs the workes that thou hast done in their daies in old time Thirdly the first instruction of children in learning religion must be so ordered that they may take it with delight For which purpose they may be sometimes allowed in moderate maner to play and solace themselues in recreatioÌ„s fitting for their yeares And if they do amisse in either they are to bee restrained by the bridle of discipline First by reproofe in word and when that wil not helpe by the rodde of correction Zach. 8. 5. The streets of the citie shall bee full of boyes and girles playing in the streets thereof Prou. 29. 15. The rod and correction giue wisdome but a child set at libertie makes his mother ashamed vers 17. Correct thy son and he will giue thee rest and giue pleasures to thy soule Hebr. 12. 9. We haue had the fathers of our bodies which correct vs and we gaue them reuerence Yet in this point two extreames are carefully to be auoided That the Parent be not either too seuere or too indulgent to the child For seueâ—itie Paul giues his rule Ephes. 6. 3. Parents prouoke not your children to anger that is by too much austeritie in gouernmeÌ„t For lenitie we haue old Eli his example 1. Sam. 2. 23. And he said vnto them Why do yee such things for of all this people I heare euill reports of you Doe no more my sonnes c. So much for Education The second general dutie of parents is the bestowing of their children This bestowing is when they knowing their children fit for mariage not to haue the gift of continencie do vse their best indeuour to prouide matches for them in time or at least do aduise them therunto by themselues or by their friends 1. Cor. 7. 36. If any man thinke it vncomelie for his virgin to passe the flower of her age and need so require let them bee married vers 38. he that giueth her to mariage doth well Ierem. 26. 6. Take yee wiues and take wiues for your sonnes and giue your daughters to husbands c. Gen. 28. 1. Isaak called Iacob and blessed him and charged him and said vnto him Take not a wife of the daughters of Canaan Arise get thee to Padan Aram and thence take thee a wife of the daughters of Laban thy mothers brother Iudg. 14. 2. Sampson came and told his father and his mother and said I haue seene a woman in Timnah of the daughters of the Philistims now therefore giue me her to wife This dutie is now adaies carelessely neglected of Parents and the fruit therof is dangerous For hence it comes to passe that their children oftentimes do either commit whoredome or vndertake wicked and vngodly mariages In the choice of a husband or wife the Parents ought to haue a greater respect vnto pietie and wisedome then vnto beautie and riches or any other outward blessings Yet where they all concurre the partie so qualified is the more thankfully to be entertained Vpon these grounds the Priest of Prince of Midian gaue his daughter Zipporah to Moses and Moses agreed to take her Exod. 2. 19. A man of Egypt deliuered vs from the Philistims and also drew vs water enough watered the sheepe And Moses agreed to dwell with the man who gaue vnto Moses Zipporah his daughter Iosu. 15. 16. Then Caleb said He that smiteth Kiriath-sepher and taketh it euen to him will I giue Achsah my daughter to wife Yea it is a sinne to marrie only for beautie without consideration of the better things Thus the old world sinned wheÌ„ the sonnes of God saw the daughters of men that they were faire and tooke them wiues of all that they liked Gen. 6. 2. and Sampson who only vpon the sight of the woman in Timnah of the daughters of the Philistims without further inquirie desired that she might be giuen him for his wife Iudg. 14. 2. Againe it is meet that pareÌ„ts should deale moderately with their children in this case and not vndertake at any hand to force and compel them to marrie this or that partie This was