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A03705 The felicitie of man, or, his summum bonum. Written by Sr, R: Barckley, Kt; Discourse of the felicitie of man Barckley, Richard, Sir, 1578?-1661.; Heywood, Thomas, d. 1641. 1631 (1631) STC 1383; ESTC S100783 425,707 675

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honours and such like bringeth not felicity but the service of God Iugera non faciunt felicem plurima frater Non Tergestini dulcia musta soli Non Tyriae vestes Aur●… non pondera flavi Non ebur aut gemma non juvenile decus Non dulcis nati soboles non bellula conjux Non tenuisse su●… sceptra superbamanu Noveris rerum causas licet astra polique Et nostro quicquid sub Iove mundus habet At mea si quaeris quae sit sententia Frater Dicam vis felix vivere vive Deo Brother not many acres make thee blest Nor the sweet grapes in Tergestine prest Not Tyrian garments not thy golden treasure Not Ivory gemmes nor all thy youthfull pleasure Not thy faire issue not thy beauteous bride Not a proud scepter with thine hand to guide To natures secrets though thy skill extend And thou the starres and poles dost apprehend With all the world doth beneath Iove containe Yet if thou ask'st of me what thou shalt gaine By these I le speake if thou wouldst make thy ' boad In heaven so live that thou mayst live to God The end of the fifth booke THE FELICITIE OF MAN OR HIS SUMMUM BONUM THE SIXTH BOOKE CHAP. I. The Creation of Man and the estate he was in at the beginning before his fall Mans alteration after his fall how he participates with the nature of brute beasts All things made to serve man rebell against him Man only of all other Creatures declineth from his originall nature The reason why God suffereth evill to be committed The means that God hath given to man by which to escape the dangers into which he is fallen Of the three faculties of the soule vegetative sensitive and understanding c. IT appeareth by that which hath bin said what manner of felicitie men may enjoy in this life which is rather an usurped name and improperly so called than so indeed Now resteth to discourse upon the true end and felicity of man or beatitude and Summum bonum When God had created this goodly frame of the world being so called of his excellent and beautifull forme replenished with such varietie of creatures and placed the earth in the middest last of all he made man after his owne image which St. Paul interpreteth to bee justi●… and holinesse of truth who was after called A●…am of the veine of red earth whereof hee was made And when God had finished this worke and made man h●… ceased from creating any more things and rested in him in whom hee delighted and would for ever after communicate himselfe his wisdome his justice and his joy and gave unto him a companion for his greater comfort and pleasure This man he adorned with many goodly gifts and placed him in Paradise which signifieth the best part of the earth and that estate of men in which they should have lived without sin and death In which place appointed for their habitation are the four fountaines of the goodly rivers of Euphrates Tigris Ganges and Nilus which they water passe through and containeth almost a third part of the earth But when this man by the temptation subtill practices of the Serpent tasted of the forbidden fruit withdrew himselfe from the due obedience of his Creator he lost many of those goodly ornaments wherewith God had endowed him and fell into the punishment appointed for his transgression eternall death and damnation But the son of God bearing a singular favour to man pacified his father to satisfie his justice which was immutable he took upon him to fulfill all that obedience 〈◊〉 God required of man and restored him into Gods favour againe though not with recovery of all his lost ornaments revealed the promise of God which he had also procured to send him to be a protector of mankind against the tyranny of the Divell therefore he is called the word because he revealed this secret decree out of the breast of the eternal Father And this was the first miracle that God wrought after his creation of the world and the creatures therin contained staying them that were to dye without the second causes and without that ordinarie course of life which before hee had established Iosephus writeth that Adam set up two tables of stone in which he wrote the beginning of the creation the fall of man and the promise Now if wee consider what a worthy and beautifull creature man was before his fall the very habitation temple of God without sinne and without death wee may easily judge what an ungrateful and unhappy creature he was to revolt from God to the Divell whereby he and his posterity became subject to sinne and death For first God made him after his own image likenes that is he made him most good uncorrupt holy righteous immortall furnished him with most excellent gifts that nothing might bee wanting unto him to all blessednesse in God His understanding was wholly divine his will most free most holy he had power of doing good evil a law was given him of God which shewed him what he should doe or what he should not doe For the Lord said Thou shalt not eate of the tree of knowledg both of good evil God simply required of him obedience faith that whole Adam should depend upon him that not constrained by necessity but should do it freely he told him also the perill willed him not to touch the tree lest he dye So that he left him in his own counsell whose will was then free might have chosen whether he would have broken Gods commandment or not Neither did ●…atan in the serpent compel him to eat but perswaded the womā with hope of a more excellent wisedome who drew on her husband willingly to bee partaker of the same by the false and lying perswasion and promise of the divel by the delectable shew sightliness of the tree the fruit whereof after the woman had first tasted she gave to her husband also to eate By meanes whereof hee lost those goodly gifts ornaments which God had bestow'd upon him which gifts hee gave to Adam upon condition that hee would also give them to his posterity if himselfe did keep them but would not give them if hee by his unthankfulnes would cast them away so that by his transgression disobedience hee was cast out of Paradise that is out of that happy estate found al the elements lesse favorable His nature condition was alter'd from goodnes holines to sin and wickednes from sincerity to corruption the influences that descend from the stars and planets which are of themselves simply good through our sinnes and corruption turne to evill so as all things made for our use rebell and conspire together against us and our sinnes are the cause of all our evill Which fall and alteration of mans nature and his ingratitude towards
vlciscitur orbem The euils of long peace Now luxury is held w'indure Amongst vs raging worse then Warre To auenge the conquered world Philemon in his Comedie bringeth in a plaine Countriman that derided the Philosophers disputing vpon their Summum Bonum one placing it in this thing another in that according to the diuersitie of their conceits Yee mistake the matter quoth this homely fellow to the Philosophers peace is the thing wherein the felicitie of man consisteth for nothing is better nor more desired or pleasant that God hath giuen to men then peace Yet notwithstanding wee doe see that a long continued peace engendreth luxuriousnesse and intemperance whereof ensueth beastly drunkennesse and an infinite number of diseases both of body and minde that besides many torments hasten men to their end it encreaseth riches which bringeth foorth couetousnesse pride vaine glory and ambition whereof ensueth vncharitable contention by law and effusion of innocent blood by ciuill Warres to the vtter ruine and destruction oftentimes of many goodly Kingdomes and Common-wealths Which was the cause that mooued Scipio to disswade the Romans from the destruction of Carthage lest by liuing securely in continuall peace without feare of any enemie they should at the length turne their weapons to their owne bodies which came euen so to passe Lodouicus Guicciardine in his description of the Low-Countrey seemed to presage the fall of Antwerpe before their Ciuill Warres began by reason of their abundance of riches wherein they were thought to exceed all the townes in Europe and luxuriousnesse security of life by their long peace Which may be a warning to other countries that finde themselues drowned in the like vices Cato said that luxuriousnesse and couetousnesse were two plagues that ouerthrow all great Empires Cyprian findeth fault with the corruption of his time by long peace Idlenesse saith he and long peace hath corrupted the discipline deliuered by the Apostles euery man laboureth to increase his patrimonie and is carried away with an insatiable desire to augment his possessions What would he haue said of the couetousnesse and greedy desires of these dayes Many examples may be produced out of Histories of the ouerthrow of Cities and countries by the vices gathered by long peace Euscbius reporteth that the long peace and rest which the Christians enioyed from the persecution that was in the gouernment of the Emperour Aurelian to the raigne of Dioclesian was the cause that the Christians manner of liuing began to be corrupted so as many iniquities did grow presently and the former old holinesse began to decrease and such disorders and dissentions began to be mooued among the Bishops and Prelates that as Eusebius saith God suffered the persecution of Dioclesi●… to serue in place of reuenge and chastisement of his Church which was so extreme and bloody and full of crueltie that neither is it possible for a pen to write not tongue to pronounce it So that whether wee liue in the warres or in peace each of them hath in them their infelicitie Occidit ignavus dum pralia pace quiescunt The slothfull dyes whil'st warres sleepe in peace Now if wee should prosecute in a generalitie this discourse of the miseries of man as wee haue done of their particular estates how many kinds of paines and torments hee suffereth in this life and how many wayes and in what miserable estate hee commeth by his death wee should rather lacke time then matter to write of But to follow the course that we haue already taken in other things let vs of an infinite number of examples select some few What paines and troubles men suffer in this life in labouring to attaine to their desires something hath beene said before and more shall be said hereafter Likewise what miseries men haue suffered by the warres hath beene touched already Now resteth to speake something of the calamities that happen to men by diseases and accidents which bring them to their end whereof we will recite some few examples of those that be rare and somewhat strange But first wee will adde one more to that which hath beene spoken before of famine a most miserable plague and horrible kinde of death one of the whips and scourges wherewith God vseth to punish the sinnes of men In the fourth booke of the Kings mention is made of a famine in Samaria in the time of Helizeus which was in all extremitie and when all their victuals were consumed the mothers did eate their owne children insomuch that a poore woman made her complaint to the King seeing him vpon the walles that a woman her neighbour would not performe a bargaine made betweene them which was that they should eate her childe first which said shee vnto the King I haue performed for wee sod and ate my childe and shee presently hath conueyed away her childe and hath hidden him that I should not eate my part of him which when the King heard his heart was ready for griefe to breake and leape out of his body and hee beganne to rent his garments and couered his flesh with sack-cloth saying God make mee so and as followeth in the Text. CHAP. IIII. Of sundry sorts of plagues and pestilence and great mortalities The Iudgements of God vpon diuers euill men Of Popyelus King of Polonia and his Queene Arnolphus and Hotto Bishop of Ments c. Other strange accidents concerning Gods great Iustice. The miraculous effects of feare sorrow and ioy approoued by History The instability of fortune instanced in the story of Policrates King of Samos His daughters ominous dreame His great prosperity and miserable end That no man can be said to be happy before death Of the vaine trust in riches and of rich and couetous men Auarice reprooued and punished c. CRedible Authors report that in Constantinople there was a strange kinde of pestilence in such manner as those which were sick therof thought themselues to be killed by other men and being troubled with that feare died madde supposing men did kill them Thucidides reporteth that there was a corruption of the aire in Greece that infinit numbers of people died without finding any remedy and such as recouered health lost their memory knowledge so as one knew not another not the father his child Certaine souldiers that were vnder the Lieutenant of the Emperour Marcus Anthonius being in Seleucia went into the Church of Apollo where they opened a coffer thinking to find some great treasure but the contagious aire that came forth of it first destroyed a great part of the people of Babylon then it entred into Greece and from thence to Rome whereof ensued such a pestilence that it destroyed a third part of the people In France there was such a disease at Aix that the people would die eating and drinking many would fall into a frenzie and drowne themselues in welles others would cast themselues out of their windowes and breake their neckes The mortalitie growing
we consider onely the workes of nature which if wee consider the power of God are not only possible but also very easie by him to be done All these things concurre together in Christ Iesus only Hee is the seede of the woman that crusheth the Serpents head Hee it is that ●…filleth the promise made to Abraham All nations shall be blessed in thy seed He is the Mediator that pacifieth his father and 〈◊〉 himself between his justice and our injustice that reconc●… us to God againe He is the very 〈◊〉 promised to be the Saviour of mankind and his Redeemer from spirituall servitude not only by the mouth of the Prophets and testimony of holy Scripture but also by the confession of the devils whose mouthes hee stopped that had long before seduced the world For at his comming all Oracles ceased through the whole world their Temples with their Idols in some places fell down together Apollo being asked the cause answered That place must be given to the more mighty And the same Spirit being demanded in the time of the Emperour Augustus in whose reigne Christ was borne who should succeede him answered that an Hebrew boy which had power over the godds commanded him to leave that house and to goe into hell But quoth he to the Priest depart thou with silence from our altars plutarch reciteth a notable history of this matter I remember saith he I have heard upon the death of the Spirits of Emilian the Orator a wise and a milde man knowne to some of you that his father comming on a time toward Italie by sea and passing in the night by an Iland not inhabited called 〈◊〉 as all they 〈◊〉 the shippe were quiet and at rest they heard a great and terrible voice which came from the Iland that is called 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 which was the name of the Pilot of the ship an Egyptian born And although hee and some others heard the voyce once or twice yet they durst not answer untill the third time when Tamus said Who is hee that calleth mee What will yee Then the voyce pronounceth more loud than before these words Ataman I will that when thou commest before the Gulfe called Laguna thou cry out aloud and say that the great god 〈◊〉 is dead When they within the ship heard these things they were in a great feare and consulting upon the matter they determined to proceed and not to say as the Pilot was commanded When the morning was come they had a merry wind sayled pleasantly untill they came before the Gulfe where he was appointed to speak the words by the voice and suddenly the wind ceased and the sea became calme so as they could go no further by meane whereof they all agreed that Tamus should do his message for which purpose he 〈◊〉 up to the top of the ship and cried as loud as he could I give you to understand that the great God Pan is dead Which words were no sooner out of his mouth but they heard such a number of voyces cry out and such wonderfull lamentation that the sea rang withall which continued a long space the men being greatly amazed and having presently a merry wind againe went on 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and reported this history at Rome which being come to the 〈◊〉 of Tiber●…s the Emperour in whose time Christ was crucified he examined the matter and found it to bee true This Pan was one of the principall Spirits among the Gentiles and had in great reputation It is reported that Tiberins having some intelligence of Christ by the Christians upon the occasion of this matter consulted with the Senatours of Rome to erect a Temple to Christ but they disswaded him and said that then Christ would take away all the credit and 〈◊〉 from their goddes And because the Gentiles held Pan for a God it is evident that the death of this Pan was the spirituall death of the devill or Prince of devils for the destruction of his kingdome and the ruine of his errours by the which hee hath kept captive all mankinde who were redeemed out of that thraldome by the merits and passion of Christ Iesus The same Authour affirmeth that about the same time one 〈◊〉 passing by Ilands called Orcades neare England was told that not long 〈◊〉 there was heard great whispering and howlings in the 〈◊〉 and many fearefull things seene the wisemen of those Ilands construing those prodigious things to the death of some great God Iosephus writeth that about the same time there was in the Temple of Hiresalem where was then no living creature a voyce heard saying Let us forsake and avoyd this Country quickly These and a great many more were the confessions of the divels that knew by Christs comming their reigne was at an end their power by which they had long abused the world was abrogated and their mouthes stopped For these strange sights and significations in divers parts of the world are the very true testimonies of the strangenesse of the death of our Saviour Iesus Christ and of the victories which hee hath obtained together with his triumphant glory Seeing then the Iustice of God and the wickednesse of men by our owne reason hath brought us to the necessitie of a Mediator betweene God and man who by his owne strength is able with God to deliver man from the bonds of eternall death and purchase to man felicity and 〈◊〉 and that the way to the fame is true religion by which wee know God and how to worshippe him and our Mediatour and Saviour Iesus 〈◊〉 by whom we must be reconciled to God and attaine to our soveraigne good Letus frame our selves to come before God after Saint Pauls counsell with such feare and holiness as wee may be like poore offenders with halters about their neckes so as wee should go to hell if he plucked us not back of his infinite goodnesse and to live like true Christians by whose Helpe if wee call upon him as wee ought wee shall obtaine Gods grace to our indeavours that we may bee able to make resistance to those intemperate motions that allure us to the desire of those things that divert us from our felicity and beatitude and to withstand the temptations and subtill practices of the old Serpent our common adversary who 〈◊〉 continually for opportunity to draw us from the true worshippe and service of God which is the way to our soveraigne good to the inventions and traditions of men that is to superstition and idolatry which casteth us downe headlong to extreame infelicitie and misery Hee is not borne in vaine saith one that dyeth well nor he hath lived unprofitably that hath ended his race happily And though wee finde our selves prone to sinne through the frailty of the flesh and every houre ready to fall yet wee must indevour to lift our selves up againe and call for Gods grace and not despaire though our sinnes be great and many following Saint Augustines counsell let no