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A56393 Reasons for abrogating the test imposed upon all members of Parliament, anno 1678, Octob. 30 in these words, I A.B. do solemnly and sincerely, in the presence of God, profess, testifie, and declare, that I do believe that in the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper there is not any transubstantiation of the elements of bread and wine into the body and blood of Christ, at, or after the consecration thereof by any person whatsoever, and that the invocation or adoration of the Virgin Mary, or any other saint, and the sacrifice of the mass, as they are now used in the Church of Rome, are superstitious and idolatrous : first written for the author's own satisfaction, and now published for the benefit of all others whom it may concern. Parker, Samuel, 1640-1688. 1688 (1688) Wing P467; ESTC R5001 62,716 138

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Israel put away Baal and Ashteroth and served the Lord only And Samuel at the resigning of his Government upon the Election of Saul upbraids them with their continual Ingratitude against the Lord their God from their first Deliverance out of Egypt to that very Day in for saking the Lord to serve Baalim So plain is the practical Notion of Idolatry through the whole Sacred History Under the pious Reigns of David and Solomon the Sin of Idolatry was competently well retrench'd till the Dotage of Solomon when his Wives and Concubines turn'd away his Heart after other Gods So that Solomon went after Ashteroth the Goddess of the Zidonians and after Milcom the Abomination of the Ammonites But the great Revolt was made by Ieroboam upon the Division of the Kingdom tho rather upon a Political than Religious Account Ieroboam said in his Heart now shall the Kingdom return to the House of David if this People go up to do Sacrifice in the House of the Lord at Ierusalem whereupon he makes two Calves of Gold and said to the People It is too much for you to go up to Ierusalem behold thy Gods O Israel which brought thee up out of the Land of Egypt It was only an Artifice to oblige the People to himself by restoring to them their old Egyptian Idolatry Some will have these Calves to have been set up in Imitation of Solomon 's Cherubin but this is fully confuted by the learned Visorius If Ieroboam saith he by his Calves design'd to imitate the establish'd Religion of his Country I pray you when he took these counterfeit Cherubs why not also the Ark the Propitiatory the Seat of God where the Divine Majesty appear'd most conspicuously in giving of Oracles the Tabernacle and the Temple Why if they were made only in imitation of the Cherubs why did he not call them by their own Name by which they were known to the People when that would have been a more easie way to deceive them Why did he not take the Priests of the Family of Aaron why did he banish them out of his Kingdom why did not the People comply for three whole Years if it had been an Imitation of their Old Religion under David and Solomon Why if they were nothing but Cherubins are they so often in Scripture styled other Gods Why should he Sacrifice to them when in the Law of Moses no Sacrifices were offered to the Cherubim So that it is plain that these Calves were set up by him as Idols or Symbols of a new or separate Religion from the Tribe of Iudah and tho he took up the old Egyptian Idol for his Foundation yet he seem'd to have erected a Motley Religion upon it like that of the Samaritans of old partly to invite the People of all Nations into his Kingdom where every Man worshiped his own God and partly by diversity of Religion more effectually to divide his own Kingdom from that of the Line of Solomon Tho not long after Rehoboam and the Tribe of Iudah revolt from the Worship of the true God as the Scripture aggravates it above all that their Fathers had done And from this time Idolatry or the Worship of Baal was the prevailing Religion in both Kingdoms tho sometimes check'd by the Piety of reforming Princes But it spread so fast that Elijah thought himself left alone tho for his comfort God informed him that he had the small remainder of 7000 in Israel all the Knees which have not bowed unto Baal But the Infection soon became universal and tho God Almighty sent his Prophets from time to time to reclaim them yet all in vain they still continued to worship the Host of Heaven and serve Baal till finding them irreclaimable he first delivered the Ten Tribes into the hands of Shalmaneser King of Assyria where they continue in Captivity to this Day and are a lost Nation But the Piety of Hezekiah at that time for a while repriev'd the Tribe of Iudah But his Son Manasseh built up again the High Places which Hezekiah his Father had destroyed and he rear'd up Altars for Baal and worshiped all the Host of Heaven and served them Upon this God by his Prophets denounces their Destruction Because saith he they have ever done that which was evil in my sight and have provoked me to Anger since the Day their Fathers came forth out of Egypt unto this Day or because they have forsaken me and burnt Incense unto other Gods that they might provoke me to Anger with all the work of their Hands therefore my wrath shall be kindled against them and shall not be quenched But the Execution of the Sentence is suspended during the pious Reign of his Son Iosiah but as soon as he is gathered to his Fathers Ierusalem and the Temple are destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar and King Zedekiah with all his People are carried Captive into Babylon This is a compendious History of the old Jewish Idolatry and I think a sufficient Proof both of their strange Inclination to it to the highest degree of Madness and wherein it plainly consisted their forsaking the true invisible God to worship created Deities than which nothing is more evident through the whole Series of Scripture To this Evidence I might add a more ample Proof out of the Writings of the Prophets that are almost wholly imployed upon this Subject But I must not be too tedious and therefore I shall only observe that they generally express the greatness of this Folly under the Figure of ungovernable Lust. Thus Ezekiel the 23d God describes it to the Prophet under this Scheme Son of man there were two Women the Daughters of one Mother and they committed Whoredoms in Egypt they committed Whoredoms in their Youth there were their Breasts pressed and there they bruised the Teats of their Virginity and the Names of them were Ahola the Elder and Aholibah her Sister and they were mine and they bare Sons and Daughters Samaria is Ahola and Jerusalem Aholibah and Ahola played the Harlot when she was mine and she doted or run mad for her Lovers the Assyrians her Neighbours with all their Idols she defiled her self neither left she her Whoredoms brought from Egypt for in her Youth 't is in the Hebrew before she was ripe of Age they lay with her and they bruis'd the Breasts of her Virginity and poured their Whoredom upon her wherefore I have delivered her into the Hand of her Lovers into the Hand of the Assyrians upon whom she doted and after whom she ran mad The same is repeated of her Sister Aholibah who for her incorrigible Adulteries is delivered into the hands of the Babylonians nothing can be expressed with greater vehemence than this that is compared to the utmost lewdness of Female Lust and nothing more evident than that this Lewdness consisted in deserting the true invisible God to worship the false Deities of their Neighbours particularly the Gods of
defines it So that it is not the meer Image it self that is the Idol but the Image as representing a false God tho it be only a Symbol and not a Picture of him as most of the Heathen Images were of the Sun as the Calf and the Ram. These are the Vanities or Representations of False Gods in Use at that time among the Neighbour Nations that seem to be here properly interdicted in this Commandment As for the Fourth Commandment it is the very Sacrament of the Worship of the true God the Creator of Heaven and Earth in opposition to Idolatry or the Worship of his Creatures and therefore is prescribed as it were as the Holy Day of the Creation continually to mind the Iews that the God that they Worship was the God that made the World and all the Gods that their Neighbours worshiped particularly the Sun Moon and Stars his Creatures This then being set up as the great Festival of the Creator of Heaven and Earth from hence it was that the Precept of not Worshiping of Idols and Keeping the Sabbath are so frequently coupled together in Scripture and that the Breach of the Sabbath is punished in the same manner as Idolatry it self But I shall treat of this more largely when I come to a Review At present I have only given a narrow Prospect of the whole matter but upon a full and open View of the Mosaick History it will appear in full and undeniable Evidence by these Two Considerations First If we consider the great Propensity of the Israelites to renounce the Worship of the One True Invisible God and to return to their accustomed Worship of Idol Gods. Secondly If we consider that these Gods were nothing else but the Heavenly Bodies and that the Sun was worshiped as the Supreme Deity As to the first their continual Revolts and Rebellions against that Almighty God of whose Power they had had so much Experience could proceed from nothing less than the most inveterate and invincible Prejudices Their whole History from their first Deliverance to their last Captivity is nothing but a perpetual Series of Disloyalty against the God of Israel to play the Harlot as the Scripture expresses it or commit Fornication with the Idols of the Gentiles Psal. 78. We have an acurate Epitome of this whole History the Miracles that God wrought for them in Egypt in the Wilderness in the Land of Canaan notwithstanding all which as they made continual Attempts of Rebellion so they at last sunk into an universal Apostacy v. 58. Provoking him to Anger with their High Places and moving him to Iealousie with their Graven Images so that at length he gave them up into the Hands of their Enemies And first the Ten Tribes were lead away Captive and not long after the Tribe of Iudah as it immediately follows in the same Psalm God was wroth and greatly abhorred Israel so that he forsook the Tabernacle of Shiloh the Tent which he placed among Men and delivered his Strength into Captivity and his Glory that was the Symbol of his Divine Presence into the Enemies hand But to Trace a few Particulars The first Opportunity they could gain in the Wilderness after the miraculous Deliverance out of Egypt by the Absence of Moses they set up and worshiped the Golden Calf a Form of Worship they were accustomed to in Egypt what this Idol was is variously disputed by Learned Men some will have it to have been made in Imitation of the Cherubin when as yet God had made no Description of them Others and almost all the learn'd will have it to have been the Idol of Apis or Serapis or Osyris whom the Egyptians worshiped by that Symbol and that it was the same Idol is certain but I take it to be much more antient for as yet we find not any Footsteps of Divine Worship given to Men and Women That Folly is of a much younger Date and seems to have been brought in purely by the Grecian Vanity to derive the Originals of all Nations from Themselves and to People Heaven with their own Country-men Thus they tell us that this Apis was King of the Argives natural Son to King Iupiter by Niobe who marrying Isis left his Kingdom and went into Egypt who teaching the Barbarous People Civility and the Art of dressing Vines and Agriculture He was by common consent chosen their King and after he had Reign'd with extraordinary Wisdom and Mercy to the great Improvement of the Nation when he dyed they deify'd him and worshiped him under the Image of a Calf or Ox all which is pure Grecian Fable For Egypt had been a famous Nation many Hundred Ages before any of the Grecian Deities were born It was a flourishing Kingdom in the days of Abraham I am sure they knew how to dress their Vines and plow their Fields before there was any such Nation as Greece or any of its Cantons known by any Records There was no News of them till the Trojan War and that is the thing objected by all Writers to the Greeks both before and since Christianity that their remotest Antiquity is meer Novelty in comparison of the Egyptians and is confest by their own best and most antient Writers at least in these Antient Times there were no Men nor Women Deities Gods or Goddesses But when the Greeks had stollen their Religion from the Eastern Nations in requital they furnished them with Gods of their own and clapt the Heads of one of their own Country-men upon every antient Idol thereby gaining Reputation of Antiquity both to their Nation and Religion as if they had been as antient as the Egyptian and Oriental Idolatry Thus they fasten this old Idol of the Golden Calf upon King Apis whereas if there ever were any such Man for the Greeks have neither Faith nor Knowledge enough to be believ'd one Word in any matter of Antiquity either of their own or other Nations he was born many Ages after this Idol had been Famous in the World And in that unknown Interval of which there are no Historical Records and therefore the whole Story of him as well as of all the other Grecian Gods is nothing but Fable And much more probable it is that the Greeks were so far from bringing a God Apis into Egypt that they carried the very word thence Apis being the Hebrew and Egyptian Word to signifie a Calf or a Bullock and so it is rendred by the Septuagint Ieremiah 46. 15. in the Prophetick Burthen against Egypt 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Why did your Apis fly or that your beloved Calf desert you because the Lord did drive him Tho we render it in the English Translation Why are thy valiant Men swept away So that the Calf can be nothing else than an Old Egyptian Idol or Symbol of some Deity that they had been accustomed to Worship And therefore thinking themselves betray'd or deserted by Moses after Forty Days Absence as for this