Selected quad for the lemma: woman_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
woman_n	child_n	mother_n	womb_n	3,217	5	9.6644	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A36730	Atlas Chinensis being a second part of A relation of remarkable passages in two embassies from the East-India Company of the United Provinces to the vice-roy Singlamong and General Taising Lipovi and to Konchi, Emperor of China and East-Tartary : with a relation of the Netherlanders assisting the Tarter against Coxinga and the Chinese fleet, who till then were masters of the sea : and a more exact geographical description than formerly both of the whole empire of China in general and in particular of every of the fifteen provinces / collected out of their several writings and journals by Arnoldus Montanus ; English'd and adorn'd with above a hundred several sculptures by John Ogilby.	Montanus, Arnoldus, 1625?-1683.; Dapper, Olfert, 1639-1689.; Ogilby, John, 1600-1676.; Nederlandsche Oost-Indische Compagnie.; United Provinces of the Netherlands.	1671 (1671)	Wing D242; ESTC R5629	631,298	665

that three Moneths when by their Laws they are commanded to go naked and Pray to their Idols for Rain being about that time always a dry Season This also in part they inflict upon the Women that go too gorgeously in that Quarter This their Court of twelve Aldermen suffer great hardship or Penance not being allow'd by their Laws to taste any strong Drink as Pietang use Sugar or eat any Fat of their Meat till such time as their Rice is half ripe believing that onely preserves the sprouting Blade from the harrase of wild Beasts as Deer Swine and such like Their chief Practise and special Vertues are Theft Murder and Adultery at which they are very dextreous either by Stratagems or down-right violence and he that reckons up the most of such dire Actions appears amongst them the bravest Fellow These People though they have no superiority amongst them neither by the honor of Birth nor their own acquir'd Riches yet the Seniors keep the Juniors at a greater distance than we in Europe the old Men exacting a greater Respect from the younger by far over whom they exercise absolute Authority and Arbitrary Power without any limitation Youth being no better than a Slave to Age for wheresoever a young Man sees one more aged than himself though at a great distance he must start suddenly out of the way as if a Prince were coming with all his Train and if he chance to call and beckon to him then sending him of an Errand he dare not refuse though to the farthest part of the Isle neither dare they once offer to come near or intrude into any Room where Parents are together so that to be young is to be a Slave and when old a Prince having no honor of Superiority but by their years The Males must not Marry before their one and twentieth Year nor wear long Hair till the seventeenth Their ceremonious Rites of Matrimony are only consummated thus The Suiter who by the advice of his Parents or his own Affection hath cast his Eye upon a Mistress begins his Courtship or Gallanting with a Present which his Mother or a near Relation carries to her House there presenting in her Servants Name with all Complements and Manifestations of his Affection These Gifts are commonly eight Skirts or Petticoats as many Wastcoats or Upper-Bodice four hundred Armlets of pleited Rush a dozen Rings for their Fingers either Copper or white polish'd Harts-horn and so many Laces of red Dogs Hair five Linnen Girdles twelve Dogs Hair Coverlets thirty Chinesie Pieces of Cloth a great Box full of Dogs Hair with which they make a Border or Love-shade to beautifie their Forehead and Temples which they call Ayam Maniang and five pair of Hart-skin Stockings These Presents are sent onely by the Wealthiest and those that are less able according to their abilities If what they thus present is receiv'd the business is concluded and Marriage presently confirm'd by the Nuptial Bed Notwithstanding the concluding Ceremony the Husband and Wife dwell not together but live apart by themselves but in the Night he is allow'd in a clandestine way to steal to his Enjoyments whither making his approaches he is neither allow'd Fire nor Candle but with all silence and secrecy steals into the Bed neither there must he speak to his Bride but if he want any thing that he signifies by Coughing upon which guessing what it may be his Wife administers and her Houshold-business being done she comes to Bed a hard Lodging where indeed they have no Bed neither Pillow nor Bolster but a Buck-skin spread upon the Floor yet others have a Bedstead spread with Rushes These hardships as they suppose makes them fitter for the encounters of Venus and more stirs up Loves fervor than warm dalliance in softer accommodations Neither may he linger there but e're the Dawn visibly appear thence he must that so his departing with an appetite he may be the more earnest for a second fruition But all this while neither of them are a burthen to one another but each provide for themselves and follow their own affairs and if they meet by chance in the Day they pass by like Strangers the Husband not daring to speak to his Wife without her License The Charge of bringing up of the Children is left to her Care till they are above one and twenty years of age then their Father receives and keeps or disposes of them as he thinks fitting But the Formosan Women have a barbarous Custom void of all Motherly affection and humane reason for whoever proves with Child before thirty seven years of age when the Fruit of her Womb waxeth ripe and fit for Delivery they cruelly and in unspeakable manner destroy for in stead of a Midwise that should assist them in their Labor or Childbed-throws they employ a cruel Dame who laying them in a fit posture on their best and softest Bed crushes and kneads the tender Infant in the Womb till it become like a lump of Dough which departs from them with more extreme torture than if they were naturally deliver'd Georgius Canidius a Minister of the Gospel residing in Formosa Anno 1628 relates that he knew a Formosan Woman who was deliver'd of sixteen Children in that horrible manner her first Abortion being in her seventeenth Year and he being inquisitive to know why she thus made away what would have been her own dear Issue and to be esteem'd most of all worldly joys by her receiv'd this answer from her That her shamefac'dness and modesty forbad her to be a Mother before she was of age of discretion being accounted amongst them thirty seven Years The Husband as we said before in the fortieth Year of his Age forsakes his solitary abode and lives with his Wife spending the remainder of their days together in small Huts or Hovels in the Field but upon the least jangling or falling out they part so that sometime they change their old for new Wives once a Moneth If he can clearly convict her shewing just reason for his separation he recovers her Dowry seizing those Gifts which he presented before Marriage but failing either in his Arguments or Proofs the Divorc'd Wife preserves her own Estate Some Marry two Wives but they are look'd upon as committing Fornication or Adultery but of late Custom and the common practice makes the offence not altogether so hainous Their Youth and Batchellors have their peculiar Residence for in every Village as we said before sixteen Houses have their Chappel in which they have distinct Lodgings as in a Colledge where they keep their Batchellors Place though Marry'd till such time as they go to live with their Wives The Formosan Houses are the handsomest and exactest built of any after the Indian manner for in stead of digging deep they raise a Foundation six Foot high of firm Clay the Walls of the Fabrick are rais'd onely with Reeds and Rushes artificially

nor leave their Employment or Government as the legitimate Issue do at their Fathers or Mothers Death At the Man's Decease the legal Wife and Children possess the Estate in common but if the Wife die the Concubine still remains with the Husband and so do the Children if she hath any There are some that take Mistresses onely to beget Sons whom when grown and mature if the lawful Wife do not affect they are sent abroad or else Marry'd to some other yet the Child that is thus Begotten and Born acknowledges no other Mother than the true and lawful Wife Widows are permitted to Marry if they please but modest and chaste Women seldom do though young and without Children but live retir'd in their Father-in-laws House for which they are highly esteem'd In lawful Marriages they commonly observe the Constitutions Qualities Conditions and Likeness of the Persons but in the other they look onely upon Beauty and Breeding None according to their Laws may Marry their Fathers Relation in what Degree soever nor with a Person of the same Name but freely with their Mothers Friends though never so near Ally'd A Virgin seldom Marries a Widower they being call'd The Bed and Pleasure of the House No Marriages are Contracted without a Procurator though they have been never so great Friends to which purpose one is chosen out of the number of those Men and Women who folllow no other Trade The Bridegroom never sees his Bride but at the going in of the Door where he receives her as his Wife The Fathers bestow their Children in Marriage when they are very young and sometimes in their Infancy nay before they are Born whether Male or Female Their Promises in this kind are faithfully perform'd notwithstanding the Father dies before the time except one of the betrothed happens to be defam'd and lose his Estate or both Parties disagree If the Son for some private Reasons will not perform his Fathers Commands he may be forc'd to it by the Laws of the Countrey No mention is made of the Bride or Bridegrooms Portion till their Fathers Death Amongst Persons of meaner Quality it is not customary to buy Women but onely they give their Brides Father a piece of Money to buy her Garments and Attires according to their Capacity from whence perhaps some have averr'd by mistake that the Chineses buy their Wives Persons of Quality never speak of the Brides Portion because her Father is oblig'd by the Laws of the Countrey to do what he can and to provide them Housholdstuff from the Door as they say there to the top of the Chimney except the Bed all which seldom amounts to above fifty Crowns so low a Price do Goods bear in China Besides which the Father gives his Daughter two or three Maids to wait upon her and some Silver but never Lands or Houses unless he be very rich or else Marries her to a Person of Quality or that he hath no Heir Male himself After they are Betrothed with their Parents consents then begin their Complements and Courtships And first the Bridegroom sends the Bride a Present of some delicate Meat Wine and Fruit Secondly the Marriage-Day is pitch'd upon by Astronomers with great Ceremonies Thirdly the Brides Name enquir'd for Lastly the Bridegroom must send her some Jewels Pendants and Precious Gems The day before the Bride comes home to her Husbands House her Goods are carry'd thither from her Fathers at Noon-day by certain People employ'd for that purpose who walk two by two some carrying Tables others Chests Curtains Hangings and the like The next day as it is customary in some Provinces the new Marry'd Man his Father and nearest Relations go to seek the Bride whom having found they conduct home in State in a Sedan In other Provinces more to the South the Man sends one in the Evening to fetch his Bride in a Sedan made for that purpose richly Lin'd behind follow a great number of People with Torches and Lanterns After the Mother hath done the last Offices for her that she shall do as a Maid and bid her farewel then she is lock'd up in the Sedan and the Key sent before to her Husbands Mother As she goes along the nearest Relations walk before and the Servant-Maids given her by her Father go on each side of their Mistress When they come thither her Mother-in-law unlocks the Sedan and desiring her to come forth presents her to her Husband Which done they both walk to a private Chappel in which the Images of their Predecessors are erected where having kneel'd four times according to the Custom in those Ceremonies they come and shew the same Reverence to their Fathers sitting in a large Hall on Stools Then the Bride goes away with her Mother-in-law Chamber-Maids and Match-makers into the Womens Lodgings which are kept so strictly that none dare offer to look into them no not the Father-in-law himself or her own Brothers so that when a Father will punish his Son for an Offence which is often done notwithstanding he is Married he is safe as in a Sanctuary if he can but get into his Wifes Chamber because his Father dare not come thither nor speak with his Son's Wife except on some extraordinary occasions such is their care for the preservation of Modesty and the Honor of the Women They are also seldom permitted to go abroad except on necessity and then are carry'd in a Sedan made for that purpose and when lock'd up not the least Cranny through which she can peep The Women in their Privacies to pass away the time entertain themselves with little Dogs Birds and the like pleasers of Fancy A Moneth after the Marriage Day the Bride returns to her own House which they call Queinim that is Returning to Rest. All the Sons have equal shares of their Fathers Goods and those of the Concubines as the begotten of lawful Wives for in this case the Father is the onely Person that is consider'd but as for the Daughters they receive nothing but what is given them on their Marriage Day If the Father dies before he hath Marry'd his Daughter then her Brothers are to provide for her and likewise if her Father hath wasted or given away all his Estate by Marrying of his Children then the Brothers are oblig'd to maintain themselves There are some peculiar Families whereof the eldest Inherits notwithstanding he hath several other Brothers The Children are call'd Quecun Chu-Hui Heupe Cheihei And with many Ceremonies as Trigaut witnesseth they Betroth one another which is done by the Parents when they are in their Infancy But one thing they chiefly observe which is that the Bridegroom differs not many years in the age of the Bride This Promising or Betrothing the Parents make between themselves without acquainting the Children who nevertheless always consent All Persons of Quality Marry with their Equals chusing their Wives of as good Families as themselves As to what concerns the Concubines which every one keeps

laid by him and Rice and Masakhaw proffer'd to him all which lie two days by the Body which if they should not do his Soul they say would be angry Likewise they kill a Hog for his Provision to supply his long Journey and then they offer the Corps up to their gods Before the House they set up a long Cane with a Pennon on the top and near it a great Tub with Water for the Soul to Bathe in Against the Evening all the Friends come thither accompany'd with most of the Towns-men every one with a Pot of Masakhaw the nearest of Kin to the Deceas'd lay themselves down by the Corps and making a mournful complaint utter these words Why didst thou die why didst thou leave us What hurt what harm have we done thee O my Son my loving Child come hither to us and stay with us If you will not take us to your self since we are ready to die and follow you What shall we do without you what do we do here after you To increase their sorrow the Women make a very doleful noise by trampling and tabering with their Feet on a hollow Trough before the Door at which the standers by cry Hark how the Trees bemoan the loss of this Man This stamping on the Trough is by them call'd Smaghdakdaken They also hire several Women which sit constantly crying by the Corps and sometimes make sad Complaints and Sing mournful Elegies which they name Temulidid These Women likewise pray to the gods that the Soul may have a good place in Heaven and find a new Wife and Friends there The young Men in the mean time running up and down with Rattles in their Hands After the Corps hath lain two days on Rushes they bring it to a place call'd Takay where they wash it several times with warm Water but if a rich Person with Masakhaw then scrape it so long till pieces of Flesh and Skin hang dangling about it Lastly they make a gentle fire nine days under the Corps which Roasting by degrees occasions a horrible stench The Body thus Broyl'd is wound up in a Mat and laid again on the Rushes as before then they make a great Feast call'd Gahalhal killing ten or twelve Swine some for offerings to the gods others for Taghimihe or Provisions for the departed Souls Journey Some of this Pork is cut in small pieces and serv'd about to the Mourners at that time the House is fill'd with Men and Women every one with a Pot of Masakhaw all which sometimes Weep and sometimes Drink till they are all Maudlin-Drunk they mix a strange complaint with horrid confusion Then the nearest Relations go again to the Corps and make the foremention'd complaints why he dy'd c. If it be the body of a rich Person it is kept some years before it is Bury'd and serv'd every day as if living setting fresh Meat and Drink before it If the Deceas'd dy'd a Batchellor then they relate all the Heroick Exploits which he perform'd in his Life time and the number of his slain Enemies over his Head they hang a Cane with as many Notches in it as he hath kill'd Men. Lastly they carry the Dead to the common Burying-place close by their Temples where some must watch nine or ten days for they certainly believe that the Devil watches about him all that time after the ten days expired their Friends go thither with Rattles and Boughs of Pisang Trees with fire in their Hands making a terrible noise under pretence to hunt the Devil from thence The Wife to the Deceased if he leaves one behind him Prays before him so long as he lies in the House desiring the gods that they would be kind and merciful to him And while the Corps is above the Ground the House may not be swept but when the Corps is carry'd out and the House swept the Woman that did it must throw away the Broom towards the South saying Who owes the House whereupon answering her self It doth not belong to me nor us what then have we to do with this House These People observe seven Solemn times as Festivals with great Ceremonies The first call'd Trepaupoe Lakkang which begins at the latter end of April and is kept by the Sea side whither both Young and Old Rich and Poor flock in great multitudes Here their Priestess pretends to speak with and receive Answers from their gods offering them Swines-flesh Rice Masakhaw and Pisang with Prayers to send them store of Rain for the forwarding the growth of their Corn or if it be already grown to keep it from hurtful Winds After their Sacrifices ended they sit down about the same place and fall a Drinking to excess while the ancient men standing on a row every one with a whole Reed in one hand and a Lance in the other sprinkle them with Masakhaw In their Huts they discourse of all their Villanies committed or brag who hath slain the most of their Enemies and brought home their Heads as Trophies but he that hath done the most work in Harvest is accounted the bravest Fellow The second Feast call'd Warabo Lang Varolbo that is Tying Fast they generally hold in Iune against which they observe their Dreams and Singing of the Birds At the day of Offering they rise very early and make themselves ready for the Work both Men and Women with great Zeal the Women first Consecrate the Irons with which they Weed the Basket in which they carry their Caps likewise the Callabashes Rings Bracelets Chests the Front of the House and Bridge Praying also to the gods Tamagisangak and Tekaroepada for good Fortune and security against Fire and to be their Defence against Poysonous and Voracious Beasts all which they do before they go out The Men Pray to the gods Topoliap and Takavoelie and offer them Masakhaw boyl'd Rice Pinang Siri and Swines flesh begging of them in time of War to defend them against their Enemies to sharpen their Swords Arrows and Assagays and lastly to harden their Bodies against their Adversaries Darts and Arrows Then both Men and Women but most of the Female Sex go to their Priestess call'd Ibis to whom they shew great Reverence and Obedience some years ago there was a certain Ibis call'd Tiladam Tuaka which was us'd to perform many abominable Ceremonies at this Feast viz. She climb'd on the Roof of the Temple where she stood in sight of all the People then began to tell them that the gods would have taken her to them from the Temple which done she call'd for the Drink-Offerings and holding a great Pot with Liquor in both Hands said That the gods unless she did so would not drink then being drunk she pull'd off all her Clothes Because the Children of God said she cannot enter into Heaven with any Earthly Robes Thus standing in sight of all People she began to evacuate what she had so greedily swallow'd saying That the gods according to the quantity of

their Hair leaving onely a long Lock have yielded themselves to the subjection of the Cham of Tartary The seventeenth being Sunday in the Morning the Ankeveen Frigat and the Loenen and Finch Commanded by Ysbrant Pilot of the Naerden besides four Boats and a Sloop Mann'd with Armed Soldiers and Sea-men Sail'd up the River to surprize five Jonks laden with Goods and said to lie for their safety a great way up the River and if possible to bring them to the Fleet but if not worth the trouble to burn them About Noon they came up with seven Jonks and three Coya's which are a kind of Vessels lesser than Jonks as our Mackrel-boats which Boarding many Chineses with their Coats of Mayl Helmets and Arms leap'd over-board and swam and others escap'd ashore in their Champans and the rest being most of them Women and Children were taken by the Netherlanders but all soon released except five Women Towards Evening the Master of the Finch went aboard the Naerden Frigat to the Admiral with Tydings that their Vessels had conquer'd three great and five small Jonks amongst which some carry'd seven Guns of a side whereupon he was again sent withthe Meliskerks Boat and Pinnace well Mann'd and furnish'd with Tackling which he said was wanting for the taken Jonks all which having aboard he left the Frigat and Sail'd up the River again in the Night Monday the eighteenth about Day-break they heard a great Cry made by the Men of the Meliskerks Boat which was over-set near the Shore whereupon Van Campen and the Master of the Sea-hound Sailing thither found five Men sitting on the Keel of the Boat so benumm'd with Cold that they were not able to give account what was become of their Fellows but Rowing up farther where the Boat had been over-set they found another Man sitting on the Shore which had been driven three times that Night into the River by the Chineses He told them that he had not seen one of his Fellows so that ten Men they having been sixteen in number were either drown'd or kill'd At Night the Finches Pinnace went aboard the Naerden to the Admiral with a Letter of Advice that they had taken eight Jonks of which they had burnt four and brought away the other four The nineteenth being Tuesday the Chineses made a Sign by setting up their red Flag inviting the Netherlanders to come to them Whereupon Van Campen and the Master of the Sea-hound went ashore to know what they desir'd and Landing found a great number of Chineses with five red Flags of the five neighboring Villages with the chief Governor from every Village and five Chinese Priests These being carry'd aboard to the Admiral begg'd and intreated that he would save their Houses and Temples that they might make Fires and shelter themselves from the cold Winter and likewise not to spoil their little Champans and Fishing-nets which if it might be granted they would serve him in all things possible and within four days bring him out of every Village twenty five Porkers one hundred twenty five Hens fifty Ducks and as many Oranges Raddishes and other Herbage as they could gather whereupon in consideration they would keep their Promise he assur'd them to save their Pagodes Houses Champans and Fish-nets after which three onely return'd ashore for the other two were kept aboard as Hostages till the three return'd in four days with the Provisions before-nam'd and all things else they could get out of the five Villages Those Chineses which stay'd aboard being ask'd by the Admiral If no Jonks were expected that Season from Japan to Zwatia they reply'd That not one had Sail'd thither that Year which afterwards he found to be true The twentieth being Wednesday the two Pinks and Ankeveen Frigat sent up the River the seventh with four Boats and one Sloop came to an Anchor with the six taken Jonks viz. two great and four small in which they found a little Rice Pady or unthresh'd Rice Salt-petre Indigo several Priests Coats Helmets Swords Scythes ten Blunderbusses besides several Chinese Men Women and Children whereof five young Women and four young Men were kept aboard and the rest released Seven other Jonks were also set on fire and sunk in the River out of which many Chineses leaping were either drown'd and kill'd The next day two of the small Jonks were broke up and us'd for fewel but the biggest of them were new Trimm'd The two and twentieth they had a general Thanksgiving in all the Fleet for their Victories over their Enemies The day after the Admiral by putting out the Companies red Flag commanded all the Officers of the Fleet aboard where the Ships Councel for certain Reasons propos'd yet did not conclude that the Vice-Admiral Van Campen with his Frigat the Zierikzee accompany'd with the Highland Meliskerke Ankeveen and the Loenen and the Finch should Cruise out at Sea before Zwatia to see for the Iapan Trading Jonks which come from thence till the middle of February and the Admiral Bort should put to Sea the twenty sixth with the Naerden Calf Overveen and Sea-hound Frigats besides the five Jonks two great and three small and cross over to Kitat and Tenhay and from thence Sail to the River Hoksieu there to enquire how affairs stood It was also judg'd convenient that the Ankeveen Frigat and the Loenen and Finch should immediately weigh their Anchors and Sail to the Mouth of the foremention'd River to look for some Jonks that were daily expected but these Proposals never were put into execution The twenty fourth in the Morning Van Campen was by Borts Order sent ashore with a hundred and ten Soldiers and fifty Sea-men to burn Zwatia No sooner was he Landed but they saw five Priests with a great many Chineses standing about a red Flag which all fell down at his Feet and humbly begg'd him to save their Temples Champans and Fish-nets which if he did not they should perish with Cold and Hunger and promis'd against the next Morning according to their first Proposal to bring them the Porkers Hens Ducks Oranges Raddishes and Pot-herbs Van Campen mov'd with compassion was perswaded to forbear The twenty fifth being Christmas-day Van Campen going aboard to the Admiral in the Naerden Frigat ask'd him what was best to be done with Zwatia whereupon Bort reply'd That he should lay it in Ashes which said Van Campen went ashore with three Boats and three Sloops well Mann'd where he found lying on the Shore five Hogs and fifteen Baskets of Oranges brought thither by five Priests and fifteen Chineses two of the Hogs and five Baskets of Oranges were by Van Campen carry'd aboard to the Admiral who remitting somewhat of his anger gave him order to do with Zwatia what he pleas'd and thought convenient But before Van Campen came ashore again the Houses were all in a Flame occasion'd through the wilfulness of the Sea-men Out of the Houses and Pagodes came divers sick Men and Women creeping on their